Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Recristallisation'
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Gavard, Laurent. "Recristallisation dynamique d'aciers inoxydables austenitiques de haute purete." Grenoble INPG, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001INPG4206.
Full textSaintoyant, Lucie. "Couplage fluage-recristallisation dans les alliages de zirconium." Grenoble INPG, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPG0161.
Full textThe thesis aim is to understand and to model the behavior of Zircaloy-4 during the transport of spent fuel. We developed a model coupling the recrystallisation, the recovery and the mechanical behavior. Electron microscopy confirmed the pre-existent observations on static recrystallisation and showed that the application of a stress influences both the nucleation and the growing of new grain during recrystallisation. The former effect is physically described by adding a term of friction to the recrystallisation model and the latter implicitly included in the coupled modeI. The creep is modelled by a polycristallin mode] to take into account the etTect of the anisotropic behavior of zirconium and microstructure heterogeneity. The local behavior is described by a physically based model which adds a predictive potential to the previous model
Akef, Abdelilah. "Déformation en compression plane et recristallisation de monocristaux d'aluminium." Grenoble INPG, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPG4210.
Full textThe phenomenon of the decomposition of certain guidelines in fcc crystals rolling is studied by compression experiments on single crystals flat, in parallel with an original theoretical modeling. The heterogeneous deformation of aluminum crystal orientation (001) Kho) is associated with large crystal rotations of opposite directions around DT. The decomposition kinetics are consistent with a Taylor-type models released, while the spatial distribution of deformation bands is explained by a detailed analysis of their plastic deformation incompatibilities. To study the influence of temperature on the hot deformation of crystals, a new compression device bi-recessed flat has been developed (tmax 450c, max 1. 2). Preliminary tests suggest the possibility of a stabilization of the cube orientation has around 400c temperatures. Recrystallization of deformed single crystal of aluminum mechanisms are characterized by SEM micro diffraction (EBSD and ECP). Particular attention is paid to the influence of transition -bt- bands in crystals (001) hko plane after compression. In general, two cases arise: (i) bt germination in a seed with the rotation towards the cube orientation, and (ii) sprouting in the matrix deformation bands with several types of orientation relationships (matrix, to cube or about axes <111>). The orientations of grains after complete recrystallization are also determined and disorientation characterized in terms of the type of grain boundary (method SCL)
Begue, Giovanni. "Etude par spectroscopie des interactions fluide-liquide et conséquences sur la notion d'effet antisolvant : application à l'élaboration de poudre micronique de HNIW." Paris 13, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA132009.
Full textKiaei, Mercedeh. "Etude des mécanismes de recristallisation dans des aciers bas carbone." Paris 13, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA132018.
Full textKempf, Jean-Marie. "Déformation et recristallisation dans le domaine β de l'alliage TA6Zr5D." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NAN10422.
Full textLurdos, Olivier. "Lois de comportement et recristallisation dynamique : approches empirique et physique." Saint-Etienne, EMSE, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EMSE0013.
Full textHigh speed material forming produces intense and fast strains. The latter, associated with the high speed of deformation inherent to the processes, induce considerable heating of the pieces. Zones of strain localization appear, such as shear bands. On the other hand, other parts of the piece are almost not affected by strain in some cases. Modelling of such phenomena then implies the use of constitutive equations valid over a very wide range of strain, strain rate and temperature. After an overview of torsion tests and results, a compilation of 304L stainless steel available stress-strain curves is presented. A first empirical model, based on the Voce equation, is proposed to describe the rheology of metals in such deformation conditions. All parameters are fitted to the set of experimental curves. This model sets forth two fundamental differences with the classical Johnson and Cook (1983, 1987) constitutive equation. First, the strain, strain rate and temperature effects are coupled together. Second, stress increases with strain until a steady state value. Furthermore, observations of the parameter variations point out a new criterion that defines a range of temperatures and strain rates where recrystallization occurs. A second physical constitutive equation based on discontinuous dynamic recrystallization is then proposed. This model is able to predict the evolution of microstructure during deformation of low stacking fault energy materials. Average grain size and average dislocation density are determined as functions of material parameters. Furthermore, the predicted flow stress correctly represents the shape of experimental stress-strain curves. The full exploitation of the steady state results enables the identification of all parameters. A new method is then proposed to estimate grain boundary mobility. Finally, two simplified versions of the model are proposed to provide solutions suited to finite element codes
MOHANGD, GHIATH. "Caractérisation de l’énergie stockée par diffraction des rayons X dans les multicristaux de cuivre : effet sur la recristallisation statique." Paris 13, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA132009.
Full textJakani, Saâd. "Effet des impuretés sur les mécanismes de recristallisation du cuivre tréfilé." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00220406.
Full textZhang, Minghao. "Comportement viscoplastique des alliages austénitiques pendant la recristallisation sous faibles contraintes." Thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ENMP0060/document.
Full textAn obvious increase in strain rate is observed during recrystallisation when an alloy is subjected to low stress levels. This phenomenon, known as “Recrystallisation-Induced Plasticity” (RIP), is observed in a number of hot-forming processes. The dominant underlying mechanisms are not yet clear and no constitutive viscoplastic material formulation is available to describe the associated microstructural evolution and mechanical behaviour. This thesis work aims at understanding this phenomenon and developing physics-based models to describe and predict it. In this study, the deformation evolution during recrystallisation is investigated on hot and cold worked Fe-Ni alloys subjected to different relevant temperature-stress conditions. The microstructural characteristics of partially and fully recrystallised materials are first identified through EBSD and TEM observations. The experimental results reveal that deformation accelerations during recrystallisation are mainly associated with the viscoplastic behaviour of recrystallised grains and their evolving volume fraction. Two sets of constitutive equations have been developed to model the RIP phenomenon: (i) one where the material is assumed to be composed of two “phases” (i.e. recrystallised grains and cold-worked grains) and the flow behaviour of the alloy is obtained by homogenising that of each “phase”, and (ii) another where the material is treated as an homogeneous one and where its flow behaviour is assumed to depend on the microstructural “state” described by two internal state variables, namely those associated with strong obstacles and with the recrystallisation volume fraction. The results of this work confirm that a considerable contribution to the deformation enhancement associated with the RIP mechanism arises from viscoplastic deformation by dislocation activity, coupled with a reduction in the dislocation density by recovery processes. This contribution accounts for approximately 70% of the total deformation. It will be shown that this work provides fundamental knowledge to the understanding of the RIP phenomenon which should, in turn, contribute towards improving the control of product dimensioning in hot-forming processes
Cliche, Nicolas. "Recristallisation et propriétés mécaniques d'un acier inoxydable austénitique stabilisé au niobium." Paris, ENMP, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLEM070.
Full textThe 316Nb steel is a niobium-stabilized austenitic stainless steel with an outstanding yield stress and an outstanding corrosion resistance, even at elevated temperatures. It is used in components made by hot open-die forging. Due to two different remelting processes, two different grades have been studied : an ESR (electro-slag remelting) reference grade and a VAR (vacuum arc remelting) grade with notably less nitrogen. In order to harden this steel, we want to hinder recrystallization during forging and subsequent annealing. Therefore, we studied the dynamic, post-dynamic and static recrystallizations of this steel. We found that dynamic recrystallization was very limited for this steel in the usual forging conditions. If very large strains are applied, dynamic recrystallization progresses mainly in a continuous way by grain fragmentation. The main phenomena concerning post-dynamic and static recrystallizations strongly depend on the initial state of the microstructure (called preconditioning) through especially the niobium, the carbon and the nitrogen contents in solid solution in the austenite matrix. These contents vary a lot with the thermal history of the forging process. A diffusion model based on thermokinetic simulations has been adapted to the different grades. For a given preconditioning, torsion tests and EBSD (electron backscatter diffraction) maps showed that the recrystallization kinetics of the two grades were very close. We also found, by comparison between torsion, uniaxial compression and channel-die compression tests, that the deformation mode did not have significant effects on post-dynamic and static recrystallizations. We built a model of microstructural evolutions which did not depend on the deformation mode. We adapted and further developed a mean-field recrystallization and grain growth model based on dislocation densities and grain size distributions. Its advantages and limits along with its application to a heterogeneous structure (a forged block) are presented. Finally, we studied in depth the influence of the microstructure on the mechanical properties of the two grades thanks to sequenced torsion and traction experiments and tensile tests on forged blocks. Thus, quantitative correlations between the microstructure and the mechanical properties have been established
FUSIL, STEPHANE. "Etude de la recristallisation en phase solide du seleniure de zinc." Paris 11, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA112029.
Full textJULLIARD, FRANCK. "Etude des mecanismes de recristallisation dans l'invar, alliage fe-36%ni." Paris 11, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA112167.
Full textDunlop, John. "Approche variable interne de fluage et recristallisation des alliages en zirconium." Grenoble INPG, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005INPG0055.
Full textZircaloy-4 fuel cladding is the primary barrier between nuclear fuel pellets and associated fission products, and the external environment. Though the behaviour of Zircaloy-4 during service has been thoroughly studied, the response of cladding after service, particularly dur-ing transport and temporary storage, is less well understood. For the different scenarios that have been proposed for storage of spent fuel, some may induce transients in temperatures and stresses owing to residual thermal power within the fuel pellets. To ensure cladding in-tegrity during these transients it is desirable to be able to predict the microstructural and me-chanical response under these conditions. This thesis has two aims. These are: firstly, to develop a model describing the plastic de-formation of Zircaloy-4 under the conditions expected after service, and secondly, to develop a model describing the microstructural evolution expected at higher temperatures. A coupled model for recovery, nucleation and growth of recrystallisation, is developed and is applied to isothermal data of recovery and recrystallisation of Zircaloy-4. The model successfully pre-dicts critical strains and temperatures for recrystallisation and can describe recrystallisation kinetics under non-isothermal conditions. The internal variable plasticity model of Kocks, Mecking and Estrin is modified to include kinematic hardening associated with the develop-ment of incompatibility stresses between the grains, and applied to the plastic deformation of Zircaloy-4. A model for unpinning of mobile dislocations is developed to describe the yield point seen in fully recrystallised material. This is successful in describing th
Zhu, Kangying. "Etude des mécanismes de déformation et de recristallisation dans un alliage de zirconium." Paris 13, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA132021.
Full textRoy, Christelle. "Génération de particules par un procédé assisté par CO2 comprimé : cristallisation et formulation." Paris 13, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA132017.
Full textThe work deals with crystallization and formulation of active ingredients using compressed CO2 as precipitation agent. Pure drugs were first processed, to enlighten phenomena that control the process, with special mention to thermodynamics. The two investigated versions lead to different performances, the relative drawback of the discontinuous coming from the difficulty in driving the system far from equilibrium. The second part is dedicated to generation of polymer-drug systems, with hydrophobic or hydrophilic excipients depending on formulation targets; the semi-continuous mode seems preferable, unless silica is previously added to the liquor. The last section, more exploratory, aims to produce organic/oxides hybrid particles by reaction; whilst results are encouraging, the existence of a covalent bond has still to be demonstrated
Bozzi, Sandrine. "Optimisation du procédé FSSW (Friction Stir Spot Welding) pour des assemblages homogènes A1/A1 et hétérogènes A1/Acier." Paris 11, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA112314.
Full textFriction Stir Spot Welding (FSSW) is a thermomechanical joining process : a tool constituted by a retaining wall and by a pawn is put in fast rotation and penetrates into both sheet stacked to assembly. The heat produced by the friction of the tool on sheets provokes a softening of the material. The rotation of the pawn allows then to mix the material of both sheets. The tool withdraws then by leaving an imprit. Therefore the FSSW allows the joining of aluminium alloys thanks to a mixing between both sheets. The flow of the material in the stir zone was able to be indentified. There are exactly two different streams : external rises of material and an internal mix along the wall f the pawn. It results the appearance of streaks in the stir zone, which correspond to films of melted material resulting from the bottom of the pawn. From a microstructural point of view, the mechanism of dynamic continous recrystallisation was identified, so that the stir zone corresponds to a zone of small recristallized grains about 5 µm of diameter, interrupted of streak with finer grains about 1 µm, and of different chemical composition. As for the mechanical properties, they are strongly bound to the flow of material and to the microstructure which results from it, as shows it in particular the mechanism of break. The break take place by the distribution of the crack situated at the end of the interface between both sheets. This crack propagates generally by contourning the stir zone, which presents a strong hardness due to the refinement of grains, by taking the way marked by the contraction of sreak. S, an evident means to delay the break is to obtain the widest possible stir zone. But it is not about the only factor to optimize the mechanical strength. The slope of the crack a the end of the interface is another very influential datum. The assembly between aluminium and steel, as for its, is possible thanks to a hhok, that is to say an ascent of steel into the aluminium sheet. There is then formation of intermetallic compounds in the interface between the steel hook and the aluminium, thanks to a thermochemical effect. The intermetallic precipitates present a size about 250 nm, and a hardness which differs strongly according to their nature, until 1100 to HV. These intermetallic areas become the very fragile zones which can damage the welds mechanical behaviour. When these precipitates are on a too important quantity, and when their microhardness is raised, the hook rupture results from numerous cracks. But those intermetallic compounds remain necessary, because if they are almost non-existent, the mechanical strength is very weak : the fracture taking place by a fast separation between steel and aluminium. So, for an optimal mechanical strength, a certain quantity of intermetallic compounds is necessary, what also corresponds to a surface of sticks more important. In that case, hooks being more strong, the fracture takes place by a tear of the aluminium sheet. All the results allowed to show the strong potential of the FSSW for homogeneous applications of aluminium as well as for heterogeneous applications between aluminium and steel
Busch, Lauper Karin. "Restauration, recristallisation et textures de fils minces métalliques en cuivre et or /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1988. http://library.epfl.ch/theses/?nr=736.
Full textWang, Wei. "Etude des mécanismes de recristallisation de nouveaux alliages à base de Ni." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01024285.
Full textRoux, Sylvie. "Isolation diélectrique des circuits intégrés de puissance par recristallisation en phase liquide." Toulouse, INSA, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ISAT0039.
Full textThis work takes part of the integration of power devices. Indeed, the main concern within the power electronics is the co-existence in the same substrate of devices using high currents and/or high voltages and of small signal devices. This study meets the need of dimensions shrinking, number of chips reduction, connectivity shrinking and cost reduction. To perform this integration we have chosen to study a silicon on insulator (SOI) substrate, which, due to this buried oxyde layer, allows to obtain a silicon area insulated from the bulk silicon. The method chosen to realize the SOI substrate has the advantage to perform a localized SOI layer. This means that the wafer surface is covered by alternately SOI layer and bulk silicon. To realize this localized SOI substrate, we are using a technique called LEGO for Lateral Epitaxial Growth over Oxide, which consists in the recrystallization in liquid phase of a polycrystalline silicon layer over oxyde beginning from monocystalline seed area. After the state of the art about the different SOI techniques, we present the description of the process for realizing SOI layers. Then, the technological part of the process is explained, whose development took place in the LAAS/CNRS clean room, in addition we present the realization of devices in SOI substrate. Some results of physical and electrical characterizations of the SOI substrate realized by LEGO are exposed and analysed
Schmittbiel, Jean-Marc. "Modes de recristallisation après forgeage isotherme d'un superalliage élaboré par métallurgie des poudres." ENSMP, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ENMP1006.
Full textMorere, Bruce. "Recristallisation d'un alliage d'aluminium 7010 après déformation à chaud : influence sur la ténacité." Grenoble INPG, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INPG4202.
Full textCavalier, Manon. "Transition structurale de nanoparticules de cobalt du polycristal cfc au monocristal hc par un processus de recuit en solution : vers le ferromagnétisme à température ambiante." Paris 6, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA066562.
Full textCastan, Christophe. "Etude de la recristallisation au cours du laminage a chaud d'aciers a basse densite fer-aluminium." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00721834.
Full textDurand, Gaël. "Microstructure, recristallisation et déformation des glaces polaires de la carotte EPICA, Dôme Concordia, Antarctique." Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00701364.
Full textGourdet, Sophie. "Étude des mécanismes de recristallisation au cours de la déformation a chaud de l'aluminium." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 1997. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00783855.
Full textChauve, Thomas. "La recristallisation dynamique dans les matériaux anisotropes : caractérisation et modélisation dans la glace polycristalline." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAI001/document.
Full textIce is an hexagonal material in which deformation mainly occurs by dislocation glide along the basal plane conferring a strong viscoplastic anisotropy to the single crystal. Hence, during polycrystalline ice deformation the incompatibility between grains lead to highly heterogeneous strain. During ice creep at high temperature, dynamic recrystallisation occurs, leading to the development of a new microstructure and strong recrystallisation textures.These new microstructure and texture increase the ductility of the material. The aims of this study is to investigate dynamic recrystallisation mechanisms and their links with strain heterogeneities to better understand the development of these microstructure and texture.Creep experiments are carried out in conditions where dynamic recrystallisation is important (T > 0.95T f and 0.5 < σ < 1 M P a). Two kinds of polycrystalline samples are used: granular ice, which can be considered as a representative elementary volume and enable to understand the global impact of dynamic recrystallisation mechanisms on texture and microstructure; and columnar ice which enable to better constrain the dynamic recrystallisation mechanism such as nucleation and their link with the strain heterogeneities down to the intra and inter-granular scales. Strain field evolution is measured in situ using digital images correlation and pre- and post- deformation microstructures and textures are measured using optical imaging and Electron BackScatter Diffraction (EBSD).Due to the strong strain heterogeneities, both continuous and discontinuous recrystallisation mechanisms occured. Sub-grain boundary formation, nucleation by bulging and grain boundary migration are mechanisms very active during dynamic recrystallisation in ice. On top of that, we also observed new grains with orientations highly disoriented compared to the neighbouring grains. This observation implies a nucleation mechanism different compare to the one mentioned above. Using Nye theory on EBSD measurements constrains the geometrically necessary dislocations of the sub-grain boundaries. Tilt sub-grain boundaries made of non-basal c dislocations have been observed. Only few observations of c dislocations existed so far, all of them made in very specific conditions.A strong correlation between recrystallisation mechanisms and strain field heterogeneities have been observed. Recrystallisation mechanisms lead to a decrease and spread of strain heterogeneities. The strain localise into bands of deformation oriented at around ±45° from the compression axis and with a typical length higher than the mean grain size. These bands of high deformation localise most of the dynamic recrystallisation mechanisms. This observation shows that the long range interaction of the strain and stress heterogeneities.We propose a new model which could be able to constrain the nucleus orientation for spontaneous nucleation. This model, based on the elastic energy relaxation during nucleation tanks to the elastic anisotropy of ice single crystal, should constrain the c axis to be aligned with the locale principal stress direction. To investigate the impact of such oriented nucleation mechanism on the texture development, a numerical experiment has been proposed using full field simulation with an elasto-viscoplastic law able to simulate the strain and stress fields heterogeneities. These numerical experiments show that the oriented nucleation mechanism might be able to explain the development of recrystallisation texture
Ferrer, Laurent. "Précipitation, recristallisation et déformation à chaud de l'alliage 625 (NC22DNb). Application aux traitements thermomécaniques." Toulouse, INPT, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992INPT032G.
Full textNERMOND, SOPHIE. "Etude experimentale de la recristallisation statique et de la cinetique de croissance de l'olivine." Paris 7, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA077326.
Full textBELKEBIR, ABDELLAH. "Rheologie des alliages de fer pur. Lois du comportement a chaud avec recristallisation dynamique." Paris, ENMP, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ENMP0467.
Full textChhann, Sorphal. "Etude de la recristallisation de l'Invar (alliage Fe-36%Ni) déformé par laminage asymétrique." Paris 11, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA112105.
Full textLn this study, we are interested in the development of recrystallized texture of invar deformed by asymmetrical rolling. The texture and the microstructure have been characterized at different scales using XXray and neutron diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) associated with Electron Back Scattered Diffraction (EBSD) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The deformed microstructure consists of elongated bands with a dislocation network substructure. There is not any cellular substructure. Concerning the texture, classical rolling components are obtained. However, in the case of the one-way asymmetrical rolling, the texture is Iightly turned around the transverse direction. After annealing, the recrystallized grains are more or less equiaxe, and the texture contained a large fraction of the cubic component associated with its twin. For the same thickness reduction, the acuity of the cubic component is larger after asymmetrical rolling than after symmetrical rolling. Concerning the microstructure evolution during annealing, we have observed the evolution of the dislocation networks into cellular substructures. Recovery is faster in the grains with the éubic orientation. As a consequence, the difference in stored energy between grains with the cubic orientation and the other orientation increases and explain the nucleation b Strain Induced Bounda Mi ration SIBM mechanism
LA, CHAPELLE SOPHIE de. "Recristallisation d'un alliage Al-Mg-Si : développement des textures et effet de la précipitation." Grenoble INPG, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000INPG4209.
Full textZouari, Meriem. "Modélisation de la recristallisation de l'Inconel 718 pendant sa mise en forme à chaud." Thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENMP0072.
Full textInconel 718 is nickel-based Superalloy widely used in the aeronautic industry to manufacture aircraft parts subjected to extreme in-service conditions of high stresses at elevated temperatures. Controlling the microstructure after hot forming is a key element to control the mechanical properties of the final products and meet the tight specifications imposed by the aeronautic industry.In this work, the microstructure evolution of Inconel 718 was investigated via isothermal and iso-strain rate torsion tests followed by water quenching (to investigate dynamic evolution) or by annealing at deformation temperature then water quenching (to investigate post-dynamic evolution). These tests were conducted in both δ-Supersolvus and δ-Subsolvus temperature domains and for strain rates of 0.01 to 0.1 s-1.Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Electron Back Scattered Diffraction (EBSD) were used to characterize the microstructure and follow the evolution of the recrystallized fraction, the recrystallized grain size and the δ-phase precipitation after deformation and during pre-deformation and post-deformation annealing. Based on these experimental observations, the main metallurgical mechanisms have been identified and modelled: hardening, nucleation of new grains, grain boundaries migration and the δ-phase- recrystallization interaction.A two-site mean field approach having a low computational cost was chosen to model the microstructural evolution at different thermomechanical conditions. This model describes the main mechanisms taking place during hot forming of Inconel 718 in both δ-Supersolvus and δ-Subsolvus domains and predicts the recrystallization kinetics in both dynamic and post-dynamic regimes , the δ-phase precipitation and dissolution kinetics and the grain size evolution. The model predicts also the strain-stress curves at high temperatures in the absence of δ-phase particles
Scholtes, Benjamin. "Développement d'un modèle level set performant pour la modélisation de la recristallisation en 3D." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLEM083/document.
Full textMechanical and functional properties of metallic materials are strongly related to their microstructures, which are themselves inherited from thermal and mechanical processing. Being able to accurately predict and simulate the microstructure and its heterogeneities after complex forming paths recently became crucial for the metallurgy industry. This is also a real challenge from a numerical point of view which highlights the importance of digital materials in new modeling techniques. In this work, we focus on a recent front-capturing full field model based on the level set (LS) method within a finite element (FE) framework to model recrystallization mechanisms.The strengths of this approach comparatively to the state of the art have motivated the development of a software package called DIGIMU® by the company TRANSVALOR with the support of major industrial companies. However, the main drawback of this approach, common with other front-capturing full field approaches working on unstructured FE meshes, is its important computational cost, especially in 3D.Main purpose of this work was finally to drastically improve the numerical cost of the considered LS-FE formulation in context of unstructured FE meshes. New generic numerical developments have been proposed to improve the global efficiency of the model. The existing 2D LS formulation, already used to model grain growth, static recrystallization and the Smith-Zener pinning effect, has been extended and improved in order to model these mechanisms in 3D for large-scale polycrystals with reasonable computational costs
Helbert, William. "Données sur la structure du grain d'amidon et des produits de recristallisation de l'amylose." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994GRE10116.
Full textGourdet, Sophie. "Étude des mécanismes de recristallisation au cours de la déformation à chaud de l'aluminium." Grenoble INPG, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPG4206.
Full textBellanger, Pierre. "Etude d'un procédé de recristallisation de plaquettes de silicium fritté pour la réalisation de cellules solaires photovoltaïques." Lyon, INSA, 2010. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2010ISAL0115/these.pdf.
Full textToday in the field of photovoltaics the various stages of manufacture of silicon waters are prohibitively expensive, mainly due to high consumption of energy and raw materials. Approximately 50% of the silicon is lest du ring the step of sawing the ingots and among different technologies explored that avoid this step the sintering of silicon powder is highly promising for producing large-area wafers. The company S'TlLE, located in Poitiers, is developing a new two-stage wafer fabrication process comprising a sintering stage based on the compression of silicon powder, and a high temperature recrystallization stage which is necessary to obtain a crystal structure suited to the production of photovoltaic cells. In this thesis, the sample is recrystallized by ZMR (zone melting recrystallization) or FWR (full wafer recrystallization). Initially, a structural and chemical characterization of the material is made. The electrical characteristics of the material are then measured, and the mobility reaches values of 150 and 250 250 cm². V⁻¹. S⁻¹ respectively on samples recrystallized by FWR and ZMR. The p-type doping is 5 * 3 * 10¹⁶ and 10 3*10¹⁷ at/cm ³. The lifetime reaches values of about one microsecond. After the fabrication of cells, an efficiency of 8. 9% is obtained using a simplified process without texturing. Other analyses such as spectral response, thermal imaging and measurement of Suns-Voc are also carried out
Ouarem, Abdelouahab. "Comportement mécanique et évolutions microstructurales sous compression quasi-statique et dynamique de polycristaux CFC et HC : effet de la taille des grains." Paris 13, 2012. http://scbd-sto.univ-paris13.fr/intranet/edgalilee_th_2012_ouarem.pdf.
Full textThe present work is devoted to the analysis of the strain rate and grain size effects on the deformation mechanism activated during plastic deformation of two polycrystalline materials: (i) zinc (Zn), a crystal with hexagonal compact packing structure, having grain size in the micro and ultrafine grain ranges (~ 300 µm and 200 nm, respectively), loaded under quasi-static and dynamic compression conditions, up to a strain rate of ~ 10⁵ s⁻¹ (by use of a Direct Impact Hopkinson Pressure Bars (DIHPB); (ii) electrodeposited nickel (Ni), a face-centered cubic structure with grain size of 5 µm deformed in compression under dynamic conditions using DIHPB. Significant differences in terms of micro-mechanisms of deformation in the two regimes were found: (i) At lower strain rates, up to ~ 10² s⁻¹, dislocation-based plasticity was observed in both Ni and Zn. Extensive twinning occurred only in the case of micrometer grain-sized Zn, indicating a grain size dependence of twinning; (ii) In the dynamic regime (> 10³ s⁻¹) plastic deformation induced a significant increase of the temperature within the samples. This increase of temperature was significant enough to induce recovery and/or dynamic recrystallization. As consequence two phenomena were observed depending on the structure under investigation: for Ni, the resulting microstructure and mechanical properties were similar to that of the initial state, dominated by annealing twins and equiaxed and randomly oriented grains. For micro-grained Zn a tremendous grain refining was found. As a consequence, twinning was inhibited. To clarify this point, additional investigations were carried out on coarse-grained CP-Ti deformed in both quasi-static and dynamic regimes. It was found that twinning was the main deformation mechanism. Indeed, the larger the strain rate and grains size, the larger the twin density. On the one hand, these results clearly demonstrate the grain size effect on the occurrence of mechanical twinning in HCP materials. On the other hand, the effect of the strain rate on twinning was found to depend on the material under investigation. Compared to Ti, the lower homologous temperature T/T m of Zn probably plays a key role, as it may induce dynamic recovery/recrystallization as far as the present experimental conditions are concerned
Castan, Christophe. "Etude de la recristallisation au cours du laminage a chaud d’aciers a basse densite fer-aluminium." Thesis, Saint-Etienne, EMSE, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EMSE0629/document.
Full textThe instructions of the European Union pilot the R&D in the automotive industry regarding the use of lightweight materials which aims at reducing fuel consumption and emission of exhaust gases.The objective is to develop steels of density reduced by at least 10% (ρmax ≈ 7g/cm3). Iron aluminum alloys display promising physical and mechanical properties but they often exhibit surface defects, referred to as roping, appearing after the deep drawing process. This study was carried out to better understand the conditions of recrystallization during hot rolling to control the microstructure and thereby limit these defects.During hot deformation, it is generally agreed that geometric dynamic recrystallization (GDRX) and continuous dynamic recrystallization (CDRX) operate in ferritic alloys with high stacking fault energy. In this study, the existence of a transition between CDRX and the mechanism of discontinuous dynamic recrystallization (DDRX) has been brought into evidence in the temperature range 900 1100°C and strain rate range 0.1-50s-1. Post-dynamic recrystallization was also studied to observe the evolution of microstructure during holding temperatures.A model formerly developed for the CDRX of aluminum was then used to simulate a rolling pass. Comparison of computed and experimental results shows some differences but this model can reproduce microstructural changes qualitatively
Huang, Ke. "Vers la modélisation des phénomènes de recristallisation en conditions multi-passes : application à l'acier 304L." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00682138.
Full textThomas, Marc. "Recristallisation d'aciers inoxydables ferritiques à très basses teneurs en interstitiels conséquence sur l'aptitude au formage /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37610382k.
Full textJacquet, Grégoire. "Etude de la cinétique de recristallisation au cours du laminage à chaud d'aciers inoxydables ferritiques stabilisés." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00975379.
Full textJacquet, Grégoire. "Etude de la cinétique de recristallisation au cours du laminage à chaud d’aciers inoxydables ferritiques stabilisés." Thesis, Saint-Etienne, EMSE, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EMSE0716/document.
Full textStabilized ferritic stainless steels are as efficient as austenitic stainless steels in many areas and less expensive. However, they suffer from a lower formability (forming + roping defect). It is therefore necessary to optimize the final microstructures and textures of these products, which requires in particular a better understanding of the evolution of the material during hot rolling.Plane strain compression tests carried out on a Gleeble® machine, reproducing the deformation during hot rolling in the center of the material, permitted to perform single- and multi-pass rolling schedules. The effects of deformation, temperature, strain rate, initial grain size and chemical composition on dynamic (during a rolling pass) and post- dynamic (during an inter-pass time) evolutions were investigated.A hot rolling pass fragments the microstructure and creates crystallites by continuous dynamic recrystallization (CDRX). A part of these crystallites becomes nuclei for the post-dynamic recrystallization (PDRX) during inter-pass time. The latter is characterized by the simultaneous activation of new nuclei and growth of recrystallized grains, not only within strain-hardened zones but also at the expense of other grains already recrystallized.The coupling of an existing CDRX model with a PDRX model based on experimental results allows to simulate multi-pass hot rolling schedules and to reproduce the effects of most of the operating parameters
Piekos, Kristian. "Modéllisation de la recristallisation dans les métaux : prévision des cinétiques et des évolutions des texture et de microstructure." Paris 13, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA132011.
Full textTanguy, Benoît. "Modélisation de l'essai Charpy par l'approche locale de la rupture : Application au cas de l'acier 16MND5 dans le domaine de transition." Paris, ENMP, 2001. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005651.
Full textKerisit, Christophe. "Analyse des mécanismes de recristallisation statique du tantale déformé à froid pour une modélisation en champ moyen." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2012. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00873188.
Full textGerber, Philippe. "Etude des liens entre hétérogénéités de déformation et mécanismes de recristallisation. Application au cuivre et ses alliages." Paris 13, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA132027.
Full textThe study of the relation between deformed inhomogeneities and static recrystallization is done in copper and -brass in cooper, a critic value of deformation (cold rolling to =90 %) is obtained from the bulk texture analysis. Below this value, the recrystallization texture {100}<001>is obtained. In x-brass, the deformation texture is even more complicated due to the deformation twinning mechanisms, which conducted to a weaker texture. The comparison of the experimental measurements in copper for two levels of reduction ( =70 % and =90 %) is done in order to understand the influence of the deformed state on recrystallization. Stored energy measurements show that minimum difference is needed between the C {112}<111>and/or S {123}<634>and the Cube orientations to produce the Cube texture. For both materials, a recovery of the Cube grains is observed. From EBSD measurements in copper =70 %, intergranular nucleation takes place in highly deformed regions, which conducts to a dispersed texture. In copper =90 %, this nucleation is not the main mechanism. Indeed, after recovery inside Cube/G {011}<100> transition bands, a fast process of nucleation and growth of the Cube orientation is observed. This corresponds to the oriented nucleation and growth hypothesis. In copper, Monte-Carlo simulation is used in order to explain the recrystallization texture after cold rolling to =70%. The experimental recrystallization texture is difficult to obtain, and this can be due to the annealing twinning active nucleation and growth steps
Gandy, Amy Sarah. "A Transmission electron microscopy study of the interaction betweeen defects in amorphous silicon and a moving crystalline amorphous interface." Poitiers, 2008. http://theses.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/theses/2008/Gandy-Amy/2008-Gandy-Amy-These.pdf.
Full textL'endommagement induit par implantation de xénon dans le silicium a été étudié par microscopie électronique à transmission (MET). Les implantations réalisées à 350°C, à une énergie de 250keV et pour des fluences supérieures à >1x1016 Xe ions/cm2 conduisent à la formation d'une couche amorphe enterrée. Les observations effectuées sur les échantillons recuits montrent la présence d'une rangée de grandes cavités allongées dans la direction perpendiculaire à l'interface. Ceci suggère que, lors de la recristallisation du silicium, le déplacement simultané des deux interfaces entraîne le déplacement du gaz jusqu'à son confinement dans de larges bulles. Afin de mieux appréhender les mécanismes qui conduisent au mouvement des bulles, de l'hélium à faible dose a été implanté dans du silicium préalablement amorphisé par implantation de Li à basse température. L'implantation d'hélium dans le silicium amorphe conduit à la formation de bulles de forme irrégulière. Ce résultat diffère du silicium cristallin où des bulles sphériques sont obtenues pour des conditions d'implantation identiques. Les expériences réalisées ‘in situ’ dans le MET montrent clairement d'une part que les bulles sont poussées par l'interface, et d'autre part la nucléation de micromacles. Il a été mis en évidence au cours de cette étude que les bulles sont mobiles à plus basse température dans le silicium amorphe que dans la phase cristalline. Lors de la recristallisation, les bulles se trouvent alors confinées dans le matériel amorphe, ce qui résulte en leur coalescence et à la formation de larges bulles une fois que les deux fronts de recristallisation se sont rejoints. De plus, il a été établi que la formation de micromacles dans la région recristallisée est liée à un excès de défauts de type interstitiels dans la zone amorphe. Ce résultat est contraire aux modèles de la littérature qui suggèrent que les micromacles se forment soit sur des plans {111} soit sur les bulles
Sow, Alioune. "Étude de la purification des poudres de silicium destinées à la fabrication de substrats frittés pour des applications photovoltaïques." Poitiers, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011POIT2316.
Full textThe major challenge facing the photovoltaic industry is to find ways to produce solar cells with high conversion efficiency and low production cost. The manufacture of silicon substrates for photovoltaic applications by sintering silicon powders is one of promising solutions for this challenge. These sintered substrates can be used directly after a recrystallization step as active layer of the solar cell. Prepared from silicon powder metallurgical grade (Si-MG), they can also serve as substrates for crystalline silicon thin-film (c-Si TF) solar cells. However, the metallic impurities present in the substrate can diffuse into the active layer during the different thermal steps involved in the cell production and thus degrade the performance. Furthermore, an important oxygen impurity can affect the mechanical strength of the substrates and limit its electrical conductivity. The main objective of these thesis works is the development and optimization of a purification process of the powders and sintered silicon and to understand the physical and chemical processes that control the reaction. During this work, optimal conditions for preparation and treatment minimizing silicon powders oxidation have been found. This allows obtaining a good mechanical strength of sintered and so to implement the purification reactions including oxidation is an obstacle major. The development of a technique for purifying metallurgical silicon powders in solid state in the presence of chlorine gas allows reducing by over 90% the metallic impurities initially present in the powder. Some impurities such as Ti and Mn are reduced drastically already at 900°C while the reduction iron (Fe) concentrations for example, is more effective from 1100° C. The out-diffusion model developed was used to predict the evolution of the impurities content in the powders and to understand the removal mechanisms of these impurities. The development of experimental protocols to minimize sources of contamination during the sintering process has led to a reduction in the concentration of light elements (C, O) in the sintered material of 95%. We also know that recrystallization treatment through the melting of the sintered material dramatically reduces the levels of impurities in the substrate; this heat treatment used to improve the crystalline quality allows in particular reducing the levels of oxygen and metallic impurities. Contrariwise carbon and doping impurities do not change after recrystallization. Finally realizing solar cells on sintered substrates obtained by using the protocols of powders preparation and the treatments of recrystallization, we have shown that the sintered substrates allow obtaining functional solar cells
De, Jaeger Julien. "Contribution à l'étude mésoscopique de la recristallisation dynamique de l'Inconel 718, lors du forgeage à chaud. : Approches expérimentale et numérique." Thesis, Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ECAP0005/document.
Full textDeveloped in the 60’s, the nickel-base superalloy, Inconel 718, is widely used for hot parts of aircraft engines. The hot forging process confers to the alloy its final microstructure and its mechanical properties. The control of the process requires a deep knowledge of the interactions between the hardening phenomena and the dynamic recrystallization for the various thermomechanical conditions which are used. The present study mainly focuses on the experimental characterization of the phenomena linked to hot forging in the super-δ-solvus domain (1050 °C), as well for a single pass process as for a multipass one. Hot compression tests are used to simulate forging. After deformation, samples are helium quenched in order to freeze the microstructure that allows understanding its evolution as a function of the thermomechanical parameters (ε, and T). Microstructure analyses have then been performed using optical and scanning microscopy, EBSD, and neutron diffraction. A specific attention is paid on the study of the -phase evolution as it has a direct influence on the mechanical properties of the alloy. Its evolution is followed along thermal and thermomechanical treatments. The measure of the static and dynamic precipitation kinetics has led to a better understanding of the -phase role during hot forging at temperatures below solvus (980 °C). A sequential coupling is developed, based on two models; the first one is a crystal plasticity model implemented in a finite element code (CPFEM), the second one being a modeling of recrystallization using a cellular automata approach. The coupling allows the evolutions of the mechanical fields and the microstructure to be simulated during hot forging. The numerical results fit correctly most of the experimental data, mechanical and structural