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Journal articles on the topic 'Rectangular waveguides'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Deng, Jian Qin, Wan Shun Jiang, and Yue Min Ning. "Analysis and Design of a Novel High-Power W-Band Spatial Multilayer Doubler." Applied Mechanics and Materials 130-134 (October 2011): 529–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.130-134.529.

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A novel spatial multilayer doubler is proposed in the paper. It is designed by tray approach in rectangular waveguide. The doubler consists of multilayer multiplier circuits, which are parallel each other. Comparing with traditional single layer doubler, the spatial multilayer doubler has higher 1dB compression point, so the output power can be increased when input power is increased. Both the input port and the output port of the doubler are rectangular waveguides. In order to achieve the transition from rectangular waveguide to planar circuit, the finline and ridge are used. Multilayer finlines act as divider, which couple power from input rectangular waveguide. Otherwise, multilayer ridges act as combiner, which combine the harmonic power to output rectangular waveguider. The passive circuits of the spatial multilayer doubler are modeled and analyzed with FDTD method. From the results, we can see that the passive circuits designed in the paper have very low insertion loss.

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2

Berdnik, Sergey L., Victor A. Katrich, Mikhail V. Nesterenko, and Yuriy M. Penkin. "Waveguide T-junctions with resonant coupling between sections of different dimensions." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 9, no. 5 (2016): 1059–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s175907871600129x.

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Electromagnetic characteristics of the E-plane T-junction for two rectangular waveguides using resonant coupling between the waveguide sections were studied by mathematical modeling. The problem of coupling between infinite and semi-infinite rectangular waveguides through a resonant slot in the end-wall of the semi-infinite waveguide in the presence of resonant monopole is solved in a strict electrodynamic formulation. The monopole with variable surface impedance is placed parallel to the narrow walls at an arbitrary position inside the infinite waveguide. The problem is solved analytically by the generalized method of induced electro-magneto-motive forces. Impedance vibrator inclusions with variable electro-physical parameters have been analyzed as control elements for waveguide junctions. To this purpose energy characteristics of the junction in the single-mode regime of the both waveguides, and also in multi-mode regime of the semi-infinite waveguide is investigated. The results may be useful for development of variety antennas and waveguide devices, which involves waveguide junctions.

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3

Krutskikh, V. V., A. Yu Sizyakova, M. S. Minkara, A. R. Ibrahim, A. E. Mirzoyan, and A. N. Ushkov. "Broadband Metal-Dielectric Waveguide Path with Low Losses in the EHF Range." Rocket-space device engineering and information systems 8, no. 3 (2021): 89–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.30894/issn2409-0239.2021.8.3.89.98.

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. The present paper is devoted to the design of a new shielded metal-dielectric waveguide with low losses (less than 0.5 dB/m) and wide bandwidth for the 90–100 GHz frequency range. Various types of waveguide structures were analyzed, such as metal waveguides, oversized metal waveguides, dielectric waveguides, dielectric waveguides with a metal shield and various designs of the dielectric filling element. Estimates of loss per unit length in them are obtained. The design of a waveguide containing an oversized round metal screen and a dielectric element consisting of a plate and a rod, located in the center of symmetry of the device, is proposed. The task of creating a transition from the investigated waveguide to a standard rectangular metal waveguide is considered. It is a horn transition from a circular cross-section to a rectangular one with a length of more than 25 wavelengths with a dielectric structure continuing the dielectric element of the waveguide path. As a result of the work, the ratios of the dimensions of the structural elements of the waveguide path and the materials used were obtained that satisfy the required losses.

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4

Pochernyaev, V. N., and N. M. Syvkova. "EXTERNAL PARAMETERS OF THE CONNECTION OF A RECTANGULAR WAVEGUIDE PARTIALLY FILLED OF LINEAR DIELECTRIC WITH A RECTANGULAR WAVEGUIDE PARTIALLY FILLED OF NONLINEAR DIELECTRIC." Visnyk Universytetu “Ukraina”, no. 1 (28) 2020 (2020): 100–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.36994/2707-4110-2020-1-28-09.

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. In the article, the external parameters of the connection of a rectangular waveguide partially filled of linear dielectric with a rectangular waveguide partially filled of a nonlinear dielectric are determined. Knowledge of the external parameters of such a connection ensures the design of devices with open nonlinear elements. Promising microwave paths of radio engineering systems based on rectangular waveguides partially filled of dielectric include a wide variety of active and passive microwave devices. The plane-transverse junction of these waveguides is considered for various geometric dimensions of dielectric plates and their relative permittivity. Such a junction is characterized by reactive conductivity, which is determined through the sum of the reactive conductivities of local fields. The transverse electric field at the junction is represented through the eigenvector function of the geometric surface, which coincides with the cross section of the waveguides. The scattering matrix of the plane-transverse junction is determined through the conductivity of the sections of the two waveguides and the conductivity of the plane-transverse junction. The dependences of the traveling wave coefficient and the modulus of the reflection coefficient on the geometric dimensions of the dielectric plate are plotted taking into account the local fields generated at the plane transverse junction. At the junction of two waveguides, not only changed the geometric dimensions of the dielectric plates along the wide and narrow walls of the waveguide, but also their relative permittivity. In one case, two higher types of waves were taken into account: quasi - H30 and quasi - H12, in the other case - four higher types of waves: quasi - H30, quasi - H12, quasi - E12, quasi - H50. Calculations show that an increase in the number of higher types of waves has practically no effect on the accuracy of calculations. The results obtained indicate the rapid internal convergence of the obtained solutions and the correct choice of the transverse electric eigenvector function of rectangular waveguides partially filled of dielectric as approximate the field on the junction of two waveguides.

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5

Uranus, Henri P., and B. M. A. Rahman. "Low-loss ARROW waveguide with rectangular hollow core and rectangular low-density polyethylene/air reflectors for terahertz waves." Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials 27, no. 03 (2018): 1850029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218863518500297.

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Designing low-loss waveguides for terahertz waves is challenging as most materials are very lossy in this frequency band. Most scientists simply consider transmitting the waves through low-loss air, which however also has its own difficulties as index-guiding is not possible. In this paper, we report on the design of low-loss waveguides for terahertz waves and associated results by using a finite element leaky mode solver. These results show that waveguides designed using ARROW (anti-resonant reflecting optical waveguide) approach yield a low combined absorption and leakage loss down to only 0.05[Formula: see text]dB/cm for the q-TE[Formula: see text] fundamental mode using realistic values of refractive index at 1 THz operating frequency. The structure employs rectangular hollow-core and low-density polyethylene/air anti-resonant reflecting bilayers, which can be easily fabricated. These results are compared with those of other structures, i.e., a photonic crystal fiber-like structures using the same materials with rectangular holes, which is shown to give a higher loss of 3[Formula: see text]dB/cm and a suspended air-core waveguide with TOPAS vein offering a loss of 1[Formula: see text]dB/cm.

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6

YOON, KEUN BYOUNG, BYEONG-SOO BAE, and MICHAEL POPALL. "FABRICATION OF LOW-LOSS WAVEGUIDES USING ORGANIC-INORGANIC HYBRID MATERIALS." Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials 14, no. 03 (2005): 399–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218863505002852.

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The fabrication of single and multimode waveguides and optical characteristics were investigated. The singlemode waveguide was fabricated by a laser direct writing technique and a multimode waveguide was produced by means of a direct UV patterning technique using organic-inorganic hybrid materials. The fabrication of waveguide channels with these techniques are of interest for simple processes. The resulting single and multimode waveguides exhibited a near rectangular shape and low optical loss. The average propagation losses of these waveguides were 0.07 dB/cm (at 850 nm) and 0.3 dB/cm (at 1310 nm), respectively.

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7

Kažys, Rymantas, Egidijus Žukauskas, Liudas Mažeika, and Renaldas Raišutis. "Propagation of Ultrasonic Shear Horizontal Waves in Rectangular Waveguides." International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 16, no. 08 (2016): 1550041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219455415500418.

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The aim of this paper is to investigate the propagation of ultrasonic shear horizontal guided waves along waveguides with a rectangular cross-section and with a finite constant and variable width and to determine the peculiarities of propagation of those waves. The dispersion curves of guided waves in finite-width waveguides were modeled by using a semi-analytical finite element (SAFE) technique. The propagation of pulsed shear horizontal ultrasonic guided waves was investigated numerically by using 3D finite element modeling. It was found that in the case of finite-width waveguides, the SH0 shear horizontal wave splits into a family of SH-type dispersive modes propagating with different phase velocities. It was also found that the number of propagating modes depends on the width-to-thickness ratio. The first time spatial distributions of pulsed displacements across the waveguide were determined for waveguides of different widths. Investigation of the waveguides with a rectangular cross-section and varying lateral dimensions was performed. It was found that by properly selecting the geometry of the transient zone of waveguides with a rectangular cross-section, it is possible to improve the performance of such waveguides, e.g. to increase the amplitude of the transmitted pulse type signal without significant distortions of the waveforms.

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8

Mortazy, Ebrahim, Alireza Hassani, Francois Legare, Ke Wu, and Mohamed Chaker. "Multilayer porous waveguide for microwave low-loss applications." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 3, no. 4 (2011): 459–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078711000596.

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A novel waveguide called multilayer porous waveguide (MPW) is proposed as microwave low-loss transmission lines. MPW is a fully rectangular dielectric waveguide composed of several periodically rectangular air gaps in a bulk dielectric that can be easily formed by placing several dielectric substrates in interval with air gaps. The loss and propagating characteristics of both TE and TM modes in MPW are studied. The TE mode confined in the air gaps has a lower loss than the TM mode spread out in air gaps and dielectric; however, the loss of TM mode is still less than that of conventional microwave waveguides. Finally, MPW is an artificial material with desirable electrical permittivity and loss that can be used in structure of conventional waveguides.

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9

Weng, Qianru, Qian Lin, and Haifeng Wu. "An Efficient Semianalytical Modal Analysis of Rectangular Waveguides Containing Metamaterials with Graded Inhomogeneity." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2021 (February 2, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6107378.

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Rectangular waveguides containing inhomogeneous metamaterials with graded refractive-index profiles have potential applications in bending waveguides and radiation-enhanced antennas, and accurate eigenvalue solutions are prerequisite. Commonly used commercial electromagnetic solvers such as HFSS, COMSOL, and CST could not efficiently calculate the eigenvalues of waveguides containing graded refractive-index dielectrics. In this paper, an accurate and efficient semianalytical method based on the modal expansion has been proposed to solve these waveguides. The proposed method has been employed to calculate the eigenvalues, including the cutoff wavenumbers and dispersion relations, for metamaterials with various graded refractive-index profiles. Calculated results are then validated by comparison, using commercial solver HFSS, which indicates the superiority of the proposed method in accuracy and efficiency. Below-cutoff backward wave propagation is observed in waveguides filled with graded refractive-index metamaterials, which provides a new approach for waveguide miniaturization.

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10

Deng, Xida, Ge Dong, Xuan Dai, and Jinxiang Deng. "Compact Full Ka-Band Waveguide Directional Coupler Based on Rectangular Aperture Array with Stairs." Micromachines 12, no. 7 (2021): 745. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12070745.

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This article presents a compact 3 dB waveguide directional coupler with full waveguide bandwidth. It consists of a pair of rectangular waveguides with stairs structures in the coupling region. The waveguides are placed parallel to each other along their broad wall, which has a rectangular aperture array. The compact size, broad bandwidth, good in-band coupling flatness, and good return loss are achieved by using the proposed structure. For verification purposes, a prototype of the proposed coupler was designed, manufactured, and measured. The experimental results show that over the full waveguide bandwidth a return loss of input port better than 17.46 dB, coupling strength varying between −2.74 dB and −3.80 dB, power-split unbalance within 0.76 dB, and an isolation better than 20.82 dB were obtained. The length of the coupling region was only 15.82 mm.

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11

Wijayanto, Yusuf Nur, Dadin Mahmudin, and Pamungkas Daud. "Design of Rectangular Optical Waveguide on LiTaO3 Crystal Using Thermal Annealled Proton Exchange Methods." Jurnal Elektronika dan Telekomunikasi 14, no. 1 (2016): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/jet.v14.20-23.

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Optical waveguides are the key component for distributing optical signals with very low propagation loss in optical communication. Several type optical waveguides are established currently such as silica optical fiber. In the planar structure, planar optical waveguides are suitable for implementing to integrated optic applications. In here, rectangular optical waveguides on a planar structure with a LiTaO3 crystal as the substrate are described. The optical waveguides were designed for single mode operation at infrared optical wavelength. The Marcatili method is used for designing by separated the rectangular optical waveguides into two slab optical waveguides. Design rules for the rectangular optical waveguides are discussed in this paper

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12

Semenov, V. E., E. I. Rakova, D. Anderson, M. Lisak, and J. Puech. "Multipactor in rectangular waveguides." Physics of Plasmas 14, no. 3 (2007): 033501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2480678.

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13

Marinescu, Nicolae, and Rudolf Nistor. "Quantum Features of Microwave Propagation in a Rectangular Waveguide." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 45, no. 8 (1990): 953–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-1990-0803.

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AbstractThe formal analogy between the distribution of the electromagnetic field in waveguides and microwave cavities and quantum mechanical probability distributions is put into evidence. A waveguide of a cut-off frequency ωc acts on an electromagnetic wave as a quantum potential barrier Ug = hωc. A non-habitual time independent Schrödinger equation, describing guided wave propagation, is established

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14

Тришин, Павло Романович, Наталя Вікторівна Гончар та Кирило Олександрович Терещенко. "АВТОМАТИЗАЦІЯ ФІНІШНОГО ОБРОБЛЕННЯ ПРЯМОКУТНИХ КУТОВИХ ХВИЛЕВОДІВ S-ДІАПАЗОНУ". Aerospace technic and technology, № 6 (27 листопада 2020): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.32620/aktt.2020.6.05.

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Finishing of waveguides (sharp edges blunting, burrs removal, polishing of welding or soldering of the duct and flanges) is carried out in order to eliminate all surface damages that are formed from previous operations and give it the necessary roughness, which affects the amount of active power loss. In most cases of complex spatial shape rectangular waveguides with angled welded transitions, the finishing of the duct is performed manually or by means of small mechanization. An alternative to the finishing of waveguide duct is anode-abrasive vibration honing, abrasive-extrusion processing, processing on special grinding machines, hydro-abrasive pumping. These methods are low productivity, require complex equipment, washing treated surfaces, and are applied only to straight waveguides or those that have a smooth flexion. Preliminary researches of polishing the waveguide duct with a polymer-abrasive brush have shown good results in terms of roughness, performance and electrical parameters.To automate finishing of the waveguides that have simple form or one simple rectangular flexion, it was proposed to perform it on a horizontal CNC milling machine. For processing of waveguides two types of polymer-abrasive brushes of Osborne firm were consistently applied: internal and end brushes. Processing involved polishing duct in welding seam spots and a flange, burrs removal immediately after processing on the same machine on which milling of flanges of waveguides was carried out.Also for mechanization of finishing the complex designed waveguides (more than one flexion) it is offered to replace operation of consecutive manual polishing by small mechanization of polishing on special equipment. The trajectory of the tool was provided by a copier.This device also provides the preset tightness automatically and ability to adjust it as the tool wears out. As a result of the improvement in finishing, the manual polishing of the waveguide was completely removed, and the geometry and roughness of the duct were significantly improved. The development of special equipment has significantly (3…5 times) reduced time and human impact on machining accuracy.

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15

Che, W., L. Xu, D. Wang, K. Deng, and Y. L. Chow. "Short-circuit equivalence between rectangular waveguides of regular sidewalls (rectangular waveguide) and sidewalls of cylinders (substrate-integrated rectangular waveguides), plus its extension to cavity." IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation 1, no. 3 (2007): 639. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-map:20060252.

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16

Fanti, A., G. Mazzarella, and G. Montisci. "Curvilinear vector finite difference approach to the computation of waveguide modes." Advanced Electromagnetics 1, no. 1 (2012): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.7716/aem.v1i1.45.

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We describe here a Vector Finite Difference approach to the evaluation of waveguide eigenvalues and modes for rectangular, circular and elliptical waveguides. The FD is applied using a 2D cartesian, polar and elliptical grid in the waveguide section. A suitable Taylor expansion of the vector mode function allows to take exactly into account the boundary condition. To prevent the raising of spurious modes, our FD approximation results in a constrained eigenvalue problem, that we solve using a decomposition method. This approach has been evaluated comparing our results to the analytical modes of rectangular and circula rwaveguide, and to known data for the elliptic case.

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17

Шейнман, И. Л., та Ю. С. Шейнман. "Черенковское излучение, генерируемое электронным сгустком в прямоугольном диэлектрическом волноводе с трансверсально-изотропным заполнением". Журнал технической физики 89, № 9 (2019): 1445. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/jtf.2019.09.48073.2408.

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Dielectric waveguides are intensively investigated as accelerating structures excited by an electron beam. Rectangular dielectric structures are used both to test the principles of new acceleration schemes and to study the electrical properties of filling materials. A number of dielectric materials used to fill waveguides have anisotropic properties (sapphire, ceramic films). Anisotropy can have a significant effect on wake fields generated by an electron beam in the structure. An analytical calculation of the Vavilov-Cherenkov radiation generated by a relativistic electron bunch in the rectangular waveguide with a transversely inhomogeneous transversely isotropic dielectric filling is carried out. A method for constructing an orthogonal basis of a transverse operator with its subsequent use to find the wake field is presented. A dispersion equation for the structure and expressions for the wake field created by a point electron bunch in the transversely isotropic rectangular dielectric structure are obtained. On the basis of the above formalism, calculations were made of the parameters of an accelerator structure based on sapphire, which permits the generation of fields above 100 MV / m.

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18

Popescu, E. M., and S. Song. "Trapezoidal waveguides: first-order propagation equivalence with rectangular waveguides." Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical 40, no. 48 (2007): 14555–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1751-8113/40/48/017.

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19

Selina, N. V. "Bragg waveguide of rectangular cross-section." Computer Optics 44, no. 4 (2020): 552–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.18287/2412-6179-co-672.

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A method for calculating parameters of rectangular waveguides using separation of variables is presented. The method makes it possible to calculate multilayer Bragg waveguides with an arbitrary number of layers and an arbitrary composition as photonic crystal structures with defect. A result of the numerical calculation of the dispersion diagram of such a structure is given. This result is in good agreement with the earlier published data on the study of similar structures.

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20

Trubin, Alexander. "MUTUAL COUPLING COEFFICIENTS OF ROTATING RECTANGULAR DIELECTRIC RESONATORS IN CUT-OFF RECTANGULAR WAVEGUIDE." Information and Telecommunication Sciences, no. 1 (June 29, 2021): 48–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.20535/2411-2976.12021.48-54.

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Background. A further increase in the speed of information transfer is determined by more stringent requirements for the elements of communication devices. One of the most important components of such devices is various filters, which are often made on the basis of dielectric resonators. Calculation of the parameters of multi-section filters is impossible without further development of the theory of their design. The development of filter theory is based on electrodynamic modelling, which involves calculating the coupling coefficients of dielectric resonators in various transmission lines. Objective. The aim of the research is to calculate and study the coupling coefficients of rectangular dielectric resonators with a rectangular metal waveguide when their axes rotate. Investigation of new effects to improve the performance of filters and other devices based on them. Methods. Methods of technical electrodynamics are used to calculate and analyse the coupling coefficients. The end result is to obtain new analytical formulas for new structures with rectangular dielectric resonators, which make it possible to analyse and calculate their coupling coefficients. Results. New analytical expressions are found for the coupling coefficients of dielectric resonators with the rotation of their axes in a rectangular waveguide. Conclusions. The theory of designing filters based on new structures of dielectric resonators with rotation of their axes in metal waveguides has been expanded. New analytical relationships and new patterns of change in the coupling coefficients are found. Keywords: dielectric filter; rectangular dielectric resonator; rotation; coupling coefficients.

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21

Litvinov, V. R., L. A. Rud, and E. A. Sverdlenko. "Compact 90° twists into rectangular waveguides." Radioelectronics and Communications Systems 53, no. 3 (2010): 162–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s0735272710030064.

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22

Lu, Jen-Tang, Chih-Hsien Lai, Tzu-Fang Tseng, et al. "Terahertz polarization-sensitive rectangular pipe waveguides." Optics Express 19, no. 22 (2011): 21532. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.19.021532.

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23

Sala, Anca L. "Chromatic dispersion in rectangular geometry waveguides." Optical Engineering 38, no. 1 (1999): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.602194.

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24

Liu, Q. H., and W. C. Chew. "Analysis of Complex Rectangular Dielectric Waveguides." Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications 5, no. 3 (1991): 253–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156939391x00031.

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25

Cadarso, V. J., A. Llobera, I. Salinas, D. Izquierdo, I. Garcés, and C. Domínguez. "Silicon-based rectangular hollow integrated waveguides." Optics Communications 281, no. 6 (2008): 1568–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2007.11.028.

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26

Chiadini, F., V. Fiumara, I. Gallina, S. T. Johnson, and A. Scaglione. "Cantor Dielectric Filters in Rectangular Waveguides." Electromagnetics 29, no. 8 (2009): 575–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02726340903287315.

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Yeap, Kim Ho, Eric Vun Shiung Wong, Humaira Nisar, Koon Chun Lai, and Choon Aun Ng. "Attenuation in Circular and Rectangular Waveguides." Electromagnetics 37, no. 3 (2017): 171–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02726343.2017.1301198.

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28

Zhou, Junhe, and Philippe Gallion. "Mode Demultiplexers for Rectangular Multimode Waveguides." IEEE Photonics Technology Letters 27, no. 4 (2015): 371–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lpt.2014.2375208.

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29

Cory, H., O. Skorka, and M. Sharkansky. "Coupling between dissimilar rectangular dielectric waveguides." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 38, no. 2 (2003): 136–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.10996.

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30

Alessandri, Ferdinando, Massimo Comparini, Marco Guglielmi, Dietmar Schmitt, and Francesco Vitulli. "Low-loss filters in rectangular waveguides." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 27, no. 1 (2000): 7–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1098-2760(20001005)27:1<7::aid-mop3>3.0.co;2-s.

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31

WANG, YEN-CHU, ZHENG AN QIU, and RAJ YALAMANCHILI. "Meissner model of superconducting rectangular waveguides." International Journal of Electronics 76, no. 6 (1994): 1151–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207219408926024.

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32

Obaid, A. A. S., T. S. M. MacLean, and M. Razaz. "Propagation characteristics of rectangular corrugated waveguides." IEE Proceedings H Microwaves, Antennas and Propagation 132, no. 7 (1985): 413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-h-2.1985.0074.

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33

Pochernyaev, V. N. "Tees on partially filled rectangular waveguides." Radiophysics and Quantum Electronics 39, no. 7 (1996): 597–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02120901.

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34

Jiang, Zhihua, and Zhongxiang Shen. "Scattering by a side-rounded rectangular iris in rectangular waveguides." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 37, no. 2 (2003): 118–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.10841.

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35

Biryukov, Vladimir, Vladimir Grachev, Ekaterina Karakozova, Sergey Lobin, and Vladimir Shcherbakov. "Estimation of losses per unit length in a rectangular waveguide with rough screening surfaces based on the concept of partial waves." ITM Web of Conferences 30 (2019): 07001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/itmconf/20193007001.

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A method for calculating the rough surface reflection coefficient of an electromagnetic wave is proposed. It is shown that the screening surface roughness in waveguides is equivalent to a decrease in conductivity of these surfaces in comparison with values belonging to Schukin-Leontovich boundary conditions for completely smooth surfaces. Examples of calculating the attenuation coefficient in the rectangular waveguide with rough screening surfaces in a terahertz frequency range are presented. The influence of the size and shape of the rough surface profile irregularities on the waveguide attenuation is studied.

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36

Caño-García, Manuel, David Poudereux, Fernando J. Gordo, Morten A. Geday, José M. Otón, and Xabier Quintana. "Integrated Mach–Zehnder Interferometer Based on Liquid Crystal Evanescent Field Tuning." Crystals 9, no. 5 (2019): 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst9050225.

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In this work, the performance of a Mach–Zehnder interferometer manufactured in silicon nitride with a liquid crystal cladding is studied. The device consists of two multi-mode interference couplers linked by two rectangular waveguides, the cladding of one of which is a liquid crystal. The structure demonstrates the potential of using liquid crystals as tunable cladding material in simple waveguides as well as in more complex coupling or modulating structures. Liquid crystal cladding permits a local fine-tuning of the effective refractive index of the waveguide, avoiding coarse global temperature control. The study is realized in the visible region (632.8 nm), for its intrinsic interest region in (bio-)sensing or metrology.

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MIZUNO, HIROTAKA, OKIHIRO SUGIHARA, TOSHIKUNI KAINO, YUKA OHE, NAOMICHI OKAMOTO, and MASAHITO HOSHINO. "THICK PHOTORESIST ORIGINAL MASTER: A NEW TOOL FOR FABRICATION OF POLYMERIC OPTICAL WAVEGUIDES WITH LARGE CORE BY HOT EMBOSSING." Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials 13, no. 03n04 (2004): 513–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218863504002183.

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A simple and low-cost fabrication method of polymeric optical waveguides with large core sizes for plastic optical fibers is presented. The waveguides are fabricated by hot embossing with a rectangular ridge ultraviolet (UV)-cured epoxy resin stamper. The stamper is fabricated by replication of a rectangular groove mold that is made from silicone rubber replicated from a rectangular ridge original master made from thick photoresist (SU-8). A rectangular ridge shape of the original photoresist master of 1 mm size was realized by using a flattening process, which involves hot embossing before the exposure process and using a UV-cut filter during the exposure process.

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38

Guellil, N., F. Djahli, and C. Zebiri. "A new formula for the optimum width of Substrate Integrated Waveguide." Advanced Electromagnetics 8, no. 4 (2019): 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.7716/aem.v8i4.1108.

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A new formula for calculating the optimum width of a Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) corresponding to the first mode is presented in this paper. Finite Difference Frequency Domain (FDFD) method is applied to analyze the waveguide structure where geometrical parameters of the SIW are iteratively varied in order to minimize the gap between cutoff frequencies of SIW structure and that of an equivalent conventional rectangular waveguide. Adequate parameters are used to derive the new formula. To verify the accuracy of the new formula, several waveguides are designed and analyzed using the commercial software HFSS. The calculated propagation constants are compared with experimental measurements from literature, a very good conformity is obtained.

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39

Pérez-Escudero, José M., Alicia E. Torres-García, Ramón Gonzalo, and Iñigo Ederra. "A Gap Waveguide-Based Compact Rectangular Waveguide to a Packaged Microstrip Inline Transition." Applied Sciences 10, no. 14 (2020): 4979. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10144979.

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In this paper two different simple to design and easy to manufacturing transitions from a microstrip to rectangular waveguide based on ridge and groove gap waveguides are studied. The first one is based on a combination of a groove and ridge gap waveguide. In this case, the microstrip substrate occupies the whole bottom metallic housing block, namely, the transition and the gap between the bed of nails and the lid; therefore, it does not require any substrate shaping. Nevertheless, the transition needs to replace groove waveguide by ridge gap waveguide sections to avoid higher-order mode excitation. In the second approach, based on only a groove gap waveguide, the substrate is shaped to be only in the microstrip section, that is, outside the bed of nails area. This leads to a simplification of the design procedure. Prototypes of both transitions have been characterized, showing good agreement with the simulations taking into account the manufacturing tolerances. Performance comparable to the state-of-the-art in this frequency band has been achieved.

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Baghchehsaraei, Zargham, Umer Shah, Jan Åberg, Göran Stemme, and Joachim Oberhammer. "MEMS reconfigurable millimeter-wave surface for V-band rectangular-waveguide switch." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 5, no. 3 (2013): 341–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078713000378.

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This paper presents for the first time a novel concept of a microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) waveguide switch based on a reconfigurable surface, whose working principle is to block the wave propagation by short-circuiting the electrical field lines of the TE10 mode of a WR-12 rectangular waveguide. The reconfigurable surface is only 30 µm thick and consists of up to 1260 micromachined cantilevers and 660 contact points in the waveguide cross-section, which are moved simultaneously by integrated MEMS comb-drive actuators. Measurements of fabricated prototypes show that the devices are blocking wave propagation in the OFF-state with over 30 dB isolation for all designs, and allow for transmission of less than 0.65 dB insertion loss for the best design in the ON-state for 60–70 GHz. Furthermore, the paper investigates the integration of such microchips into WR-12 waveguides, which is facilitated by tailor-made waveguide flanges and compliant, conductive-polymer interposer sheets. It is demonstrated by reference measurements where the measured insertion loss of the switches is mainly attributed to the chip-to-waveguide assembly. For the first prototypes of this novel MEMS microwave device concept, the comb-drive actuators did not function properly due to poor fabrication yield. Therefore, for measuring the OFF-state, the devices were fixated mechanically.

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Hessler, Steffen, Patrick Bott, Stefan Kefer, Bernhard Schmauss, and Ralf Hellmann. "Multipurpose Polymer Bragg Grating-Based Optomechanical Sensor Pad." Sensors 19, no. 19 (2019): 4101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19194101.

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Flexible epoxy waveguide Bragg gratings are fabricated on a low-modulus TPX™ polymethylpentene polyolefin substrate for an easy to manufacture and low-cost optomechanical sensor pad providing exceedingly multipurpose application potentials. Rectangular EpoCore negative resist strip waveguides are formed employing standard UV mask lithography. Highly persistent Bragg gratings are inscribed directly into the channel waveguides by permanently modifying the local refractive indices through a well-defined KrF excimer laser irradiated +1/-1 order phase mask. The reproducible and vastly versatile sensing capabilities of this easy-to-apply optomechanical sensor pad are demonstrated in the form of an optical pickup for acoustic instruments, a broadband optical accelerometer, and a biomedical vital sign sensor monitoring both respiration and pulse at the same time.

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42

Rengarajan, Sembiam R. "Excitation of a Parallel Plate Waveguide by an Array of Rectangular Waveguides." Electromagnetics 31, no. 2 (2011): 101–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02726343.2011.548192.

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Clark, D. F., and I. Dunlop. "Method for analysing trapezoidal optical waveguides by an equivalent rectangular rib waveguide." Electronics Letters 24, no. 23 (1988): 1414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19880966.

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Sharma, Jigyasa, and Asok De. "FULL-WAVE ANALYSIS OF DIELECTRIC RECTANGULAR WAVEGUIDES." Progress In Electromagnetics Research M 13 (2010): 121–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2528/pierm10051802.

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Geng, R. L., H. Padamsee, S. Belomestnykh, P. Goudket, D. M. Dykes, and R. G. Carter. "Suppression of multipacting in rectangular coupler waveguides." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 508, no. 3 (2003): 227–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-9002(03)01660-7.

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Itin, A. P., A. I. Neishtadt, and A. A. Vasiliev. "Resonant Phenomena in Slowly Irregular Rectangular Waveguides." Journal of Mathematical Sciences 128, no. 2 (2005): 2778–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10958-005-0230-z.

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Cory, H., and E. Segall. "Transverse coupling between skew rectangular dielectric waveguides." Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications 8, no. 11 (1994): 1511–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156939394x00353.

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48

German, F. J., and L. S. Riggs. "Bandwidth properties of rectangular T-septum waveguides." IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 37, no. 5 (1989): 917–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/22.17460.

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Ladouceur, F., J. D. Love, and I. M. Skinner. "Single mode square- and rectangular-core waveguides." IEE Proceedings J Optoelectronics 138, no. 4 (1991): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-j.1991.0044.

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Kossyi, I. A., G. S. Lukyanchikov, V. E. Semenov, et al. "Polyphase (non-resonant) multipactor in rectangular waveguides." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 41, no. 6 (2008): 065203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/41/6/065203.

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