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Journal articles on the topic 'Rectenna design'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 7 February 2022

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1

Visser, Hubregt J., Shady Keyrouz, and A. B. Smolders. "Optimized rectenna design." Wireless Power Transfer 2, no. 1 (February 10, 2015): 44–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/wpt.2014.14.

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Design steps are outlined for maximizing the RF-to-dc power conversion efficiency (PCE) of a rectenna. It turns out that at a frequency of 868 MHz, a high-ohmic loaded rectifier will lead to a highly sensitive and power conversion efficient rectenna. It is demonstrated that a rectenna thus designed, using a 50 Ω antenna and lumped element matching network gives a superior PCE compared with state of the art also for lower resistive loading. By omitting the matching network and directly, conjugate impedance matching the antenna to the rectifier, the PCE may be further increased and the rectenna size reduced as it is demonstrated with a rectenna prototype measuring only 0.028 squared wavelengths at 868 MHz and demonstrating a PCE of 55% for a −10 dBm RF input power level.

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2

Xu, Lei Jun, Chang Shuo Wang, and Xue Bai. "Design of an Energy Harvesting Rectenna for Low-Power Wireless Sensor." Applied Mechanics and Materials 687-691 (November 2014): 3391–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.687-691.3391.

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This paper presents the design of a compact 2.45 GHz microstrip rectenna for wireless sensors’ power supply. In energy harvesting system, the ambient RF energy can be collected by the rectenna and converted to direct current, therefore, it can be applied to the power supply of low-power wireless sensor. Voltage doubling rectifier circuit and T-type microstrip impedance matching network are applied to this rectenna to increase the output voltage and the rectification efficiency. The antenna is fabricatied by using double PCB board (FR4), and it is optimized by ADS to achieve the best performance. The measurement results show that the rectifier can reach the highest conversion efficiency of 78% when the load resistance is 320 Ω and the input power is 18 dBm. It also greatly improves rectenna’s conversion efficiency at lower input power when the input power is-20 dBm, which has great practical value for supplying low power consumption sensors.

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3

Shrestha, Sika, Sun-Kuk Noh, and Dong-You Choi. "Comparative Study of Antenna Designs for RF Energy Harvesting." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2013 (2013): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/385260.

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In the last few years, several antenna designs of rectenna that meet various objectives have been proposed for use in RF energy harvesting. Among various antennas, microstrip patch antennas are widely used because of their low profile, light weight, and planar structure. Conventional patch antennas are rectangular or circular in shape, but variations in their basic design are made for different purposes. This paper begins with an explanation and discussion of different designs, put forward with an aim of miniaturization, harmonic rejection, and reconfigurability. Finally, microstrip patch structured rectennas are evaluated and compared with an emphasis on the various methods adopted to obtain a compact rectenna, harmonic rejection functionality, and frequency and polarization selectivity.

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4

Daiya, Vinita, Jemimah Ebenezer, and R. Jehadeesan. "Rectenna panel design optimization for maximum RF power utilization." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 11, no. 10 (May 31, 2019): 1024–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078719000813.

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AbstractNow-a-days, far-field wireless power transfer/energy harvesting is underutilized due to the unavailability of proper methodology to design efficient system for maximum radio frequency (RF) power utilization. For efficient utilization of far-field RF energy an array/grid of rectenna, i.e. rectenna panel is required to generate the power from wireless signal. To minimize the engineering design phase period (design trials), this paper mathematically derives and summarizes the approach required for optimum rectenna panel design based on power available in the environment, RF transmit source capability, receiver power requirement and the design cost. For maximum power interception through a rectenna panel, its design parameters such as -panel size, number of rectenna, rectenna arrangement pattern, and rectenna spacing has been optimized in our work. Based on the optimization required, we have proposed the compact grid pattern with heterogeneous rectenna spacing. It has been proved theoretically in this paper that if a hexagonal shape panel is designed by placement of rectenna at vertices of equilateral triangle (with side length governed by antenna aperture) then, it is capable of intercepting maximum RF energy available at its location with the least number of rectenna.

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5

Saeed, Warda, Nosherwan Shoaib, Hammad M. Cheema, and Muhammad U. Khan. "RF Energy Harvesting for Ubiquitous, Zero Power Wireless Sensors." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2018 (2018): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8903139.

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This paper presents a review of wireless power transfer (WPT) followed by a comparison between ambient energy sources and an overview of different components of rectennas that are used for RF energy harvesting. Being less costly and environment friendly, rectennas are used to provide potentially inexhaustible energy for powering up low power sensors and portable devices that are installed in inaccessible areas where frequent battery replacement is difficult, if not impossible. The current challenges in rectenna design and a detailed comparison of state-of-the-art rectennas are also presented.

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6

Zhang, Fang, Xin Liu, Fan-Yi Meng, Qun Wu, Jong-Chul Lee, Jin-Feng Xu, Cong Wang, and Nam-Young Kim. "Design of a Compact Planar Rectenna for Wireless Power Transfer in the ISM Band." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/298127.

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This paper presents a compact planar rectenna with high conversion efficiency in the ISM band. The proposed rectenna is developed by the decomposing of a planar rectenna topology into two functional parts and then recombining the two parts into a new topology to make the rectenna size reduction. The operation mechanism of the antenna and rectifying circuit in the proposed novel topology is explained and the design methodology is presented in detail. The proposed topology not only reduces the rectenna design cycle time but also leads to easy realization at the required frequency ranges with a very low cost. For validation, a 2.45 GHz rectenna system is designed and measured to show their microwave performances.

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7

Mitrovic, Ivona Z., Saeed Almalki, Serdar B. Tekin, Naser Sedghi, Paul R. Chalker, and Stephen Hall. "Oxides for Rectenna Technology." Materials 14, no. 18 (September 10, 2021): 5218. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14185218.

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The quest to harvest untapped renewable infrared energy sources has led to significant research effort in design, fabrication and optimization of a self-biased rectenna that can operate without external bias voltage. At the heart of its design is the engineering of a high-frequency rectifier that can convert terahertz and infrared alternating current (AC) signals to usable direct current (DC). The Metal Insulator Metal (MIM) diode has been considered as one of the ideal candidates for the rectenna system. Its unparalleled ability to have a high response time is due to the fast, femtosecond tunneling process that governs current transport. This paper presents an overview of single, double and triple insulator MIM diodes that have been fabricated so far, in particular focusing on reviewing key figures of merit, such as zero-bias responsivity (β0), zero-bias dynamic resistance (R0) and asymmetry. The two major oxide contenders for MInM diodes have been NiO and Al2O3, in combination with HfO2, Ta2O5, Nb2O5, ZnO and TiO2. The latter oxide has also been used in combination with Co3O4 and TiOx. The most advanced rectennas based on MI2M diodes have shown that optimal (β0 and R0) can be achieved by carefully tailoring fabrication processes to control oxide stoichiometry and thicknesses to sub-nanometer accuracy.

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8

Kumar, Deepak, and Kalpana Chaudhary. "Design of a Circular Polarized Printed Rectenna for Satellite Solar Power Station Array Construction." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.5 (September 22, 2018): 254. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.5.20081.

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A circularly polarized single feed microstrip patch antenna with voltage doubler rectification is designed at 2.45 GHz for satellite solar wireless power transfer application. A bandpass filter is also designed and combined with an antenna that will efficiently eliminate signal harmonics up to third order. An HSMS-8202 microwave zero-bias Schottky barrier diodes accessible in SOT 23 package as the series pair is utilized in the proposed rectenna design. The rectenna has a high conversion efficiency of 70%. The printed rectenna can be interconnected to construct the rectenna arrays.

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9

Farhan, Mhnd. "On the Design of Rectenna." Radioelectronics. Nanosystems. Information Technologies 12, no. 2 (August 11, 2020): 201–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.17725/rensit.2020.12.201.

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10

Salih, Ahmad, and Abdulkareem Abdullah. "Design and Analysis of a Single-Band Printed Rectenna Circuit at WiFi Frequency for Microwave Power Transmission." Iraqi Journal for Electrical and Electronic Engineering 15, no. 2 (December 1, 2019): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.37917/ijeee.15.2.4.

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In this paper, a single-band printed rectenna of size (45×36) mm2 has been designed and analyzed to work at WiFi frequency of 2.4 GHz for wireless power transmission. The antenna part of this rectenna has the shape of question mark patch along with an inverted L-shape resonator and printed on FR4 substrate. The rectifier part of this rectenna is also printed on FR4 substrate and consisted of impedance matching network, AC-to-DC conversion circuit and a DC filter. The design and simulation results of this rectenna have been done with the help of CST 2018 and ADS 2017 software packages. The maximum conversion efficiency obtained by this rectenna is found as 57.141% at an input power of 2 dBm and a load of 900 Ω.

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11

Silva, Erik Farias da, Alfredo Gomes Neto, and Custodio Peixeiro. "Fast and Accurate Rectenna Design Method." IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 18, no. 5 (May 2019): 886–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lawp.2019.2904795.

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12

Doan, Chuc Huu, and Duong Gia Bach. "Design and Fabrication of Rectifying Antenna Circuit for Wireless Power Transmission System Operating At ISM Band." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 6, no. 4 (August 1, 2016): 1522. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v6i4.10287.

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This paper introduces an overview of a rectifying antenna (rectenna) circuit topology for microwave power transmission system. Specially, a rectenna based on a microstrip patch antenna and a microwave double voltage rectifier at 2.45GHz were designed and fabricated. The antenna’s return loss is achieved of -15 dB at 2.45GHz. The microwave to DC conversion efficiency of the rectenna was measured as 71.5% with 22 dBm input power and 810 Ohm load. The design and simulated results were carried out by the microwave engineering professional design software, known as ADS2009 package. All design and simulation results will be reported.

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13

Doan, Chuc Huu, and Duong Gia Bach. "Design and Fabrication of Rectifying Antenna Circuit for Wireless Power Transmission System Operating At ISM Band." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 6, no. 4 (August 1, 2016): 1522. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v6i4.pp1522-1528.

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This paper introduces an overview of a rectifying antenna (rectenna) circuit topology for microwave power transmission system. Specially, a rectenna based on a microstrip patch antenna and a microwave double voltage rectifier at 2.45GHz were designed and fabricated. The antenna’s return loss is achieved of -15 dB at 2.45GHz. The microwave to DC conversion efficiency of the rectenna was measured as 71.5% with 22 dBm input power and 810 Ohm load. The design and simulated results were carried out by the microwave engineering professional design software, known as ADS2009 package. All design and simulation results will be reported.

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14

Ali, Esraa Mousa, Nor Zaihar Yahaya, Omar Aqeel Saraereh, Anwar Hamdan Al Assaf, Bilal Hasan Alqasem, Shahid Iqbal, Oladimeji Ibrahim, and Amit V. Patel. "Power Conversion Using Analytical Model of Cockcroft–Walton Voltage Multiplier Rectenna." Electronics 10, no. 8 (April 7, 2021): 881. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10080881.

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A voltage multiplier rectenna is a combination of a voltage multiplier rectifier and an antenna used for the conversion of AC to DC. It is an essential part of the system of RF energy harvesting. Conventional rectennas are characterized by low conversion efficiency. This study presents an analytical novel mode designed for RF energy harvesting systems to study the voltage and current output of rectifier stages for efficiency optimization. The design contains a voltage multiplier rectification circuit with seven stages. The Schottky diode HSMS 285-C was selected for the circuit modeling voltage multiplier circuit. Advanced Design System (ADS) simulation was used to validate the equations of the theoretical model solved with MATLAB code. The fabricated system was tested for an input power range of 10 μW to 100 mW; the maximum output power is 0.2577 mW with maximum efficiency of 29.85%.

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15

Mansour, Mohamed M., and Haruichi Kanaya. "Novel L-Slot Matching Circuit Integrated with Circularly Polarized Rectenna for Wireless Energy Harvesting." Electronics 8, no. 6 (June 10, 2019): 651. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8060651.

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Radio frequency (RF) power harvesting allows wireless power delivery concurrently to several remote RF devices. This manuscript presents the implementation of a compact, reliable, effective, and flexible energy harvesting (EH) rectenna design. It integrates a simple rectifier circuit with a circularly polarized one-sided slot dipole antenna at 2.45 GHz Industrial, Scientific, Medical (ISM) frequency band for wireless charging operation at low incident power densities, from 1 to 95 μ W/cm 2 . The rectenna structure is printed on a single layer, low cost, commercial FR4 substrate. The integration of the rectifier and antenna produces a low-profile and high performance circularly polarized rectenna. In order to maximize the system efficiency, the matching circuit introduced between the rectifier and antenna is optimized for a minimum number of discrete components and it is constructed using multiple of L-slot defects in the ground plane. For a given input power of − 6 dBm intercepted by the circularly polarized antenna with 3 dBi gain, the peak RF-DC (radio frequency-direct current) conversion efficiency is 59.5 % . The rectenna dimensions are 41 × 35.5 mm 2 . It is demonstrated that the output power from the proposed rectenna is higher than the other published designs with a similar antenna size under the same ambient condition. Thanks to its compact size, the proposed rectenna finds a range of potential applications for wireless energy charging.

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16

Akkermans, J. A. G., M. C. van Beurden, G. J. N. Doodeman, and H. J. Visser. "Analytical models for low-power rectenna design." IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 4 (2005): 187–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lawp.2005.850798.

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17

El Batal, K., N. Chakhchaoui, A. Eddiai, M. Meddad, M. Rguiti, M. Mazroui, and O. Cherkaoui. "Design and performance analysis of Rectenna Circuit." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 948 (November 14, 2020): 012006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/948/1/012006.

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18

Sheik Dawood, M., S. Sakena Benazer, N. Nanthini, R. Devika, and R. Karthick. "Design of rectenna for wireless sensor networks." Materials Today: Proceedings 45 (2021): 2912–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.11.905.

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19

Yahyaoui, Ali, Ahmed Elsharabasy, Jawad Yousaf, and Hatem Rmili. "Numerical Analysis of MIM-Based Log-Spiral Rectennas for Efficient Infrared Energy Harvesting." Sensors 20, no. 24 (December 8, 2020): 7023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20247023.

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This work presents the design and analysis of a metal-insulator-metal (MIM)-based optical log spiral rectenna for efficient energy harvesting at 28.3 THz. To maximize the benefits of the enhanced field of the proposed nano-antenna in the rectification process, the proposed design considers the antenna arms (Au) as the electrodes of the rectifying diode and the insulator is placed between the electrode terminals for the compact design of the horizontal MIM rectenna. The rectifier insulator, Al2O3, was inserted at the hotspot located in the gap between the antennas. A detailed analysis of the effect of different symmetric and asymmetric MIM-configurations (Au-Al2O3-Ag, Au-Al2O3-Al, Au-Al2O3-Cr, Au-Al2O3-Cu, and Au-Al2O3-Ti) was conducted. The results of the study suggested that the asymmetric configuration of Au-Al2O3-Ag provides optimal results. The proposed design benefits from the captured E-field intensity, I-V, resistivity, and responsivity and results in a rectenna that performs efficiently.

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20

Choi, Taemin, and Sang-Min Han. "Compact Rectenna System Design Using a Direct Impedance Matching Method." Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science 24, no. 3 (March 31, 2013): 286–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2013.24.3.286.

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21

Gasulla, Manel, Edgar Ripoll-Vercellone, and Ferran Reverter. "A Compact Thévenin Model for a Rectenna and Its Application to an RF Harvester with MPPT." Sensors 19, no. 7 (April 6, 2019): 1641. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19071641.

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This paper proposes a compact Thévenin model for a rectenna. This model is then applied to design a high-efficiency radio frequency harvester with a maximum power point tracker (MPPT). The rectenna under study consists of an L-matching network and a half-wave rectifier. The derived model is simpler and more compact than those suggested so far in the literature and includes explicit expressions of the Thévenin voltage (Voc) and resistance and of the power efficiency related with the parameters of the rectenna. The rectenna was implemented and characterized from −30 to −10 dBm at 808 MHz. Experimental results agree with the proposed model, showing a linear current–voltage relationship as well as a maximum efficiency at Voc/2, in particular 60% at −10 dBm, which is a remarkable value. An MPPT was also used at the rectenna output in order to automatically work at the maximum efficiency point, with an overall efficiency near 50% at −10 dBm. Further tests were performed using a nearby transmitting antenna for powering a sensor node with a power consumption of 4.2 µW.

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22

Choi, Tae-Min, Seok-Jae Lee, Hee-Jong Lee, Jong-Sik Lim, Dal Ahn, and Sang-Min Han. "Wake-Up Receiver System Design Using the DGS Rectenna." Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science 23, no. 3 (March 31, 2012): 377–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2012.23.3.377.

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23

Tsai, Jia-Fu, and Jeen-Sheen Row. "Design of frequency sensor based on reconfigurable rectenna." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 56, no. 8 (May 24, 2014): 1739–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.28440.

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24

Douyère, A., J. D. Lan Sun Luk, and F. Alicalapa. "High efficiency microwave rectenna circuit: modelling and design." Electronics Letters 44, no. 24 (2008): 1409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:20081794.

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25

Pramono, Subuh, Dwiki Dimas Shidiq, Muhammad Hamka Ibrahim, Feri Adriyanto, and Alfin Hikmaturokhman. "RF energy harvesting using a compact rectenna with an antenna array at 2.45 GHz for IoT applications." Journal of Electrical Engineering 72, no. 3 (June 1, 2021): 159–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jee-2021-0022.

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Abstract This work addresses the design, fabrication, and implementation of an RF energy harvester 2.45 GHz using a compact rectenna. Our proposed rectenna focuses on development of an antenna array and rectifier circuit. The proposed rectenna is fabricated using FR4 substrate with its overall size of 12.24 cm × 18.17 cm with a thickness of 1.6 mm. The measured results show that a 10 dB bandwidth covering in 2374-2549 MHz (175 MHz) with center frequency 2415 MHz at S 11 of −18.2 dB. There is a bandwidth enhancement of 57.6% compared to the single antenna. Gaining of the antenna array is 6 dB that is double a single antenna gain. Spatial diversity technique in antenna array yields a bigger antenna gain thereby increasing the received power level. Experimental measurements are carried out that the rectenna is placed indoor (LOS) at 5 m and outdoor (NLOS) at 15 m. Furthermore, we also explore the rectifier circuit that to maximize the output voltage. The received RF power that transmitted from WiFi router is −55 dBm (0.15 nW/cm2) at 5 m and −59 dBm (0.06 nW/cm2) at 15 m, respectively. The output voltages are achieved that 1092.5 mV at a distance of 5 m (LOS) and 5.48 mV at a distance of 15 m (NLOS). The highest RF-DC conversion efficiency of our proposed rectenna reaches 77.6%. The rectenna potentially meets all requirements to power up the IoT applications.

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26

Vu Ngoc Anh, Ha, Nguyen Minh Thien, Le Huy Trinh, Truong Nguyen Vu, and Fabien Ferrero. "Compact Dual-Band Rectenna Based on Dual-Mode Metal-Rimmed Antenna." Electronics 9, no. 9 (September 18, 2020): 1532. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9091532.

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This paper proposes the design of a dual-band integrated rectenna. The rectenna has compact size of 0.4 × 0.3 × 0.25 cm3 and operates at 925 MHz and 2450 MHz bands. In general, the rectenna consists of two main parts, the metal-rimmed dual-band antenna used for harvesting the radio frequency (RF) signals from the environment and the rectifier circuit to convert these receiving powers to the direct current (DC). Because of the dual resonant structure of the antenna, the rectifier circuit can be optimized in terms of size and the frequency bandwidth, while the conversion efficiencies are always obtained 60% at the RF input power −2.5 dBm and −1 dBm for the lower band and the higher band, respectively. Measured results show that the metal-rimmed antenna exhibits −10 dB reflection coefficient in both desired frequency bands. Moreover, the antenna achieves 47% and 89% of total efficiency respectively at 925 MHz and 2450 MHz, which confirms that the proposed rectenna is well applicable in most of the miniaturized wireless sensor networks and IoT systems.

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27

Yan, Guang, Enjie Ding, Youfang Yang, Xi Wang, and Duan Zhao. "A 5.8 GHz Rectenna Design for Microwave Power Transmission." Open Electrical & Electronic Engineering Journal 8, no. 1 (December 31, 2014): 428–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874129001408010428.

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In this era of the Internet of Things, we designed a rectenna working at 5.8 GHz in order to solve the finite things about battery-powered wireless sensor. First, an E-shape embedded microstrip feed antenna by HFSS software has been designed, then a technique called “offset correction” to balance the deviation between theory and simulation was proposed. It effectively spanned the gap between simulation and measure, so that the physical antenna could achieve the design specifications. Then, an impedance measurement model for rectifier circuit was established, which was applied to the vector network analyzer with limited output power. Finally, rectifier’s error was analyzed by “mirror de-embedding impedance measurement”.

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28

Ahmed, S., Z. Zakaria, M. N. Husain, I. M. Ibrahim, and A. Alhegazi. "Efficient feeding geometries for rectenna design at 2.45 GHz." Electronics Letters 53, no. 24 (November 2017): 1585–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el.2017.2657.

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29

Ferreira, David, Luis Sismeiro, Adelino Ferreira, Rafael F. S. Caldeirinha, Telmo R. Fernandes, and Inigo Cuinas. "Hybrid FSS and Rectenna Design for Wireless Power Harvesting." IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 64, no. 5 (May 2016): 2038–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tap.2016.2536168.

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30

Almoneef, Thamer S. "Design of a Rectenna Array Without a Matching Network." IEEE Access 8 (2020): 109071–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3001903.

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31

Ji-Yong Park, Sang-Min Han, and Itoh. "A rectenna design with harmonic-rejecting circular-sector antenna." IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 3 (2004): 52–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lawp.2004.827889.

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32

Wildan, Wildan, Dwi Astuti Cahyasiwi, Harry Ramza, Syah Alam, and Mohd Azman Zakariya. "Design of Rectifier Antenna (RECTENNA) for Electromagnetic Energy Harvesting at Frequency of 3500 MHz." Electrical Engineering Acta 1, no. 1 (May 7, 2021): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.22236/ate.v1i1.6922.

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This research purposed the design of rectenna that it can convert the electromagnetic field source into the DC voltage output. The research is conducted in two steps, simulation and fabrication of antennas, and rectifier circuits. This research applies CST Studio Suite software to simulate the antenna and NI Multisim 14.0 to simulate the rectifier. The antenna has been designed and fabricated by utilizing the array antenna of the circular patch microstrip with adding of the insertion feeder with 7 mm of length and 1 mm of width to reach of the matching antenna. The rectifier has been created by using BAT 85 DO-35 Schottky diode where it can work at high frequency. The measurement result of the antenna is minimum with the return loss amount of 33.783686 dB, bandwidth is 100 MHz, and VSWR (Voltage Standing Wave Ratio) is 1.021669. The rectenna can receive a maximum voltage of 11 mV at a range of 1cm.

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Pan, Guan-Pu, Kuan-Chih Chiu, Tsung-Lin Li, and Jwo-Shiun Sun. "Design of Broadband Dual-Polarized Rectenna Array for WPT Applications." International Journal of Circuits, Systems and Signal Processing 15 (April 19, 2021): 376–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.46300/9106.2021.15.41.

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A broadband dual-polarized microstrip array antenna designed is proposed. To achieve wide 10 dB bandwidth for broadband operation, the technique of applying a ladder-shaped monopole antenna type with a rectangular slot insertion in the ground plane is implemented. The proposed design showed wide impedance bandwidth of the 1702-2755 MHz (47.2%). In addition, adding an open slot into the rectangular radiating element with an asymmetric ground plane was used and resulted in a slightly displacement of the radiation pattern. The 1 × 2 array type for two ladder-shaped patch array elements are arranged in symmetric feed network. By meticulously arrangement the two array antennas’ positions to achieved good ports isolation, with 10 dB bandwidth for the operating bands in free-space can be achieved. This antenna is used as a rectenna (rectifying antenna), which receives the RF energy of vertical and horizontal polarization wave in free space for 2.4 GHz wireless power transmission. The rectifier circuit setup using two zero biased rectifier and voltage doubler circuit. A matching network designed with small size chip components have a significant improvement in impedance matching and eliminate high order harmonics between the antenna and rectifying circuit. The proposed dual-polarized rectenna provided the RF-to-DC conversion efficiency as high as 78.8% when 14 dBm microwave power was received at 2.4 GHz with a 1 KΩ load.

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K. Singh, V., N. K. Singh, Rahul Kumar, Arun Yadav, Gyoo Soo Chae, Ashis Sharma, and Akash Kumar Bhoi. "Rectenna design for electromagnetic energy harvesting and wireless power transfer." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.3 (June 8, 2018): 632. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.33.14852.

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Under this article,an antenna with rectifier circuit is intended and simulated to energize the wireless feeler systems at resonant fre-quency 5.3838 GHz. The antenna substrate is prepared with textile material. The dielectric constant of material is 1.7.The rectenna circuit has been simulated on the Jeans substance and examined for power level -5dBm. The presented antenna has a gain of 4.861 dBi. The anticipated antenna is designed with CST software. The value of L and C are calculated from MATLAB programming.

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35

Kumar, Jayendra, Ram Kumar, Banani Basu, Fazal Ahmed Talukdar, and Ajai Kumar. "Design Challenges of Rectenna for Energy Harvesting from Microwave Pollution." Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution 16, no. 2 (April 24, 2019): 21–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ajw190015.

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Thosar, Pravin, and Rajeev Mathur. "Design and Development of High Efficiency Rectenna for RF Harvesting." Materials Today: Proceedings 29 (2020): 278–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.07.275.

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37

Keyrouz, Shady, and Huib Visser. "Efficient Direct-Matching Rectenna Design for RF Power Transfer Applications." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 476 (December 4, 2013): 012093. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/476/1/012093.

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38

Kharrat, Ines, Pascal Xavier, Tan-Phu Vuong, and Guy Eymin Petot Tourtollet. "COMPACT RECTENNA DESIGN FOR LOSSY PAPER SUBSTRATE AT 2.45 GHZ." Progress In Electromagnetics Research C 62 (2016): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2528/pierc15093005.

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39

Takhedmit, H., L. Cirio, B. Merabet, B. Allard, F. Costa, C. Vollaire, and O. Picon. "Efficient 2.45 GHz rectenna design including harmonic rejecting rectifier device." Electronics Letters 46, no. 12 (2010): 811. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el.2010.1075.

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40

Chandravanshi, Sandhya, Sanchari Sen Sarma, and Mohammad Jaleel Akhtar. "Design of Triple Band Differential Rectenna for RF Energy Harvesting." IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 66, no. 6 (June 2018): 2716–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tap.2018.2819699.

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41

Shawalil, Syahirah, Khairul Najmy Abdul Rani, and Hasliza A. Rahim. "2.45 GHz wearable rectenna array design for microwave energy harvesting." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 14, no. 2 (May 1, 2019): 677. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v14.i2.pp677-687.

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This paper presents a design of a wearable textile microstrip patch rectifying antenna (rectenna) array operating for wireless body area network (WBAN) at the center frequency, <em>f<sub>c</sub></em> of 2.45 GHz. Precisely, jeans or denim with the relative permittivity, <sub> </sub>= 1.70 and thickness of 1.00 mm is chosen as a substrate attached to SheildIt Super as a conductive material with the thickness, <em>h</em> of 0.17 mm and conductivity of 6.67 10<sup>5</sup> S/m, respectively. In the first stage, a microstrip patch antenna array layout with the inset fed technique is designed and simulated by using the Keysight Advanced Design System (ADS) software. In the second stage, a wearable textile microstrip patch antenna array is fabricated, integrated, and hidden inside the jeans fabric. In the third stage, the rectifier circuit layout on the flame retardant-4 (FR-4) printed circuit board (PCB) with the dielectric constant, = 4.7, thickness, <em>h</em> = 1.6 mm, and loss tangent, <em>δ</em> = 0.018 that can generate radio frequency-direct current (RF-DC) conversion is designed and simulated using the ADS software Each simulation result and fabrication measurement shows that the designed antenna array characteristics are suitable for an industrial, scientific, and medical radio (ISM) band by having the reflection coefficient, <em>S</em><sub>11</sub> less than -10 decibel (dB) at the respective resonant frequency, <em>f<sub>r</sub>.</em> Moreover, through simulation, the output DC voltage for the bridge rectifier circuit is from 132 mV to 5.01 V with the corresponding power conversion efficiency (PCE) between 3.48% and 50.20% whereas for the voltage doubler rectifier, the output DC voltage is from 417 mV to 2.91 V with the corresponding PCE between 34.78% and 53.56%, respectively.

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Srinivasan, Revathy, and Umma Habiba Hyder Ali. "Energy harvesting wireless sensor for achieving self-powered structural health monitoring system." Circuit World 46, no. 4 (March 11, 2020): 307–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cw-05-2019-0045.

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Purpose On average, a medium-sized satellite consist of almost 500 sensors where powering these sensors in space in such an unreachable environment is critical. Backing this, a compact energy harvester for powering up distant sensors is discussed here is the purpose of this paper. This is in line with the geostationary satellite-powered using the available electromagnetic energy on the satellite panels in space. Design/methodology/approach The designed rectenna makes use of a compact wideband receiving antenna operating at the targeted frequency band from 8 to 18 GHz. It also consists of a simple dual diode rectifier topology with a matching circuit, bandpass filter and a resistive load to convert the received radio frequency energy into usable direct current (DC) voltage. Findings The rectenna measurement is performed using three different configuration setups. This shows that a maximum DC voltage of 1.8 V and 5-10 mV is harvested from rectifier and rectenna (includes antenna and rectifier) when 20 dBm power is transmitted from the transmitting antenna operating at X and Ku band. This makes the rectenna feasible to power wireless sensors in a structural health monitoring system. Originality/value The measurements are performed by considering a real-time environment in space in terms of the distance between the transmitting and receiving antenna, which depends on the far-field of the transmitting antenna in a satellite.

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43

Ciccia, Simone, Alberto Scionti, Giuseppe Franco, Giorgio Giordanengo, Olivier Terzo, and Giuseppe Vecchi. "A Multi-Tone Rectenna System for Wireless Power Transfer." Energies 13, no. 9 (May 9, 2020): 2374. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13092374.

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Battery-less sensors need a fast and stable wireless charging mechanism to ensure that they are being correctly activated and properly working. The major drawback of state-of-the-art wireless power transfer solutions stands in the maximum Equivalent Isotropic Radiated Power (EIRP) established from local regulations, even using directional antennas. Indeed, the maximum transferred power to the load is limited, making the charging process slow. To overcome such limitation, a novel method for implementing an effective wireless charging system is described. The proposed solution is designed to guarantee many independent charging contributions, i.e., multiple tones are used to distribute power along transmitted carriers. The proposed rectenna system is composed by a set of narrow-band rectifiers resonating at specific target frequencies, while combining at DC. Such orthogonal frequency schema, providing independent charging contributions, is not affected by the phase shift of incident signals (i.e., each carrier is independently rectified). The design of the proposed wireless-powered system is presented. The main advantage of the solution is the voltage delivered to the load, which is directly proportional to the number of used carriers. This is fundamental to ensure fast sensor wakes-up and functioning. To demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed system, the work has been complemented with the manufacturing of two rectennas, and the analysis of experimental results, which also validated the linear relationship between the number of used carriers.

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Wang, Ce, Bo Yang, Seishiro Kojima, and Naoki Shinohara. "The application of GHz band charge pump rectifier and rectenna array for satellite internal wireless system." Wireless Power Transfer 6, no. 2 (September 2019): 190–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/wpt.2019.13.

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AbstractAn internal wireless system (IWS) for satellites was proposed in a previous study to reduce the weight of satellites. It is a system that uses wireless communication modules to communicate between the satellite's subsystems. We proposed a complete IWS that employs microwave wireless power transmission technology, and we proposed a design of GHz band high efficiency rectifier based charge pump rectifiers with a class-f filter called class-f charge pump rectifiers. We theoretically compare the diode losses in a charge pump and single shunt rectifier, and experimentally verify the results. Apart from this, we consider that the class-f charge pump rectifiers will be used for a rectenna array. In order to know the direct current (DC) load change of class-f charge pump circuits is connected as a rectenna array, we measured the conversion efficiencies of a 2 by 2 rectenna array, connected in series and in parallel. The results of the experiment indicate that the optimum load of the rectifier changes to four times DC load when connected in series, and to 1/4 the DC load when connected in parallel.

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Sun, Hucheng, Zheng Zhong, and Yong-Xin Guo. "Design of a compact rectenna for wireless power transmission miniaturization applications." International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics 49, no. 4 (December 23, 2015): 475–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jae-150031.

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46

Lakhal, Houda, Mohamed Dhieb, Hamadi Ghariani, and Mongi Lahiani. "Design and Optimization of a Rectenna for Wireless Remote Supply Applications." International Review on Modelling and Simulations (IREMOS) 9, no. 1 (February 29, 2016): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.15866/iremos.v9i1.8244.

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47

McSpadden, J. O., Lu Fan, and Kai Chang. "Design and experiments of a high-conversion-efficiency 5.8-GHz rectenna." IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 46, no. 12 (1998): 2053–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/22.739282.

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48

Choi, Dong-You, Sika Shrestha, Jung-Jin Park, and Sun-Kuk Noh. "Design and performance of an efficient rectenna incorporating a fractal structure." International Journal of Communication Systems 27, no. 4 (July 4, 2013): 661–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dac.2587.

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49

Lee, Chien-Hsing, and Yu-Han Chang. "Design of a broadband circularly polarized rectenna for microwave power transmission." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 57, no. 3 (January 23, 2015): 702–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.28931.

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50

Fu-Jhuan Huang, Tzong-Chee Yo, Chien-Ming Lee, and Ching-Hsing Luo. "Design of Circular Polarization Antenna With Harmonic Suppression for Rectenna Application." IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 11 (2012): 592–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lawp.2012.2201437.

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