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Journal articles on the topic 'Recuit. microstructure'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 19 October 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Kumar, Swarup, Asif Uzzaman, Md Ibrahim Adam, and Sree Biddut Kumar. "A Comprehensive Review of Prospects and Challenges of Microstructure and Functional Properties of Materials." European Journal of Theoretical and Applied Sciences 3, no. 2 (2025): 356–70. https://doi.org/10.59324/ejtas.2025.3(2).31.

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This thorough analysis examines the opportunities and difficulties related to improving the microstructure and functional characteristics of materials. Phases, grain boundaries, dislocations, and other flaws are examples of the microstructure, which is an essential component in defining the functional properties of a material, such as its electrical conductivity, mechanical strength, thermal stability, and resistance to corrosion. The production of materials with improved performance for a range of applications has been made possible by improvements in materials processing methods, such as sev

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2

Swarup, Kumar, Uzzaman Asif, Ibrahim Adam Md, and Biddut Kumar Sree. "A Comprehensive Review of Prospects and Challenges of Microstructure and Functional Properties of Materials." European Journal of Theoretical and Applied Sciences 3, no. 2 (2025): 356–70. https://doi.org/10.59324/ejtas.2025.3(2).31.

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This thorough analysis examines the opportunities and difficulties related to improving the microstructure and functional characteristics of materials. Phases, grain boundaries, dislocations, and other flaws are examples of the microstructure, which is an essential component in defining the functional properties of a material, such as its electrical conductivity, mechanical strength, thermal stability, and resistance to corrosion. The production of materials with improved performance for a range of applications has been made possible by improvements in materials processing methods, such as sev

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Müller, Martin, Marie Stiefel, Björn-Ivo Bachmann, Dominik Britz, and Frank Mücklich. "Overview: Machine Learning for Segmentation and Classification of Complex Steel Microstructures." Metals 14, no. 5 (2024): 553. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met14050553.

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The foundation of materials science and engineering is the establishment of process–microstructure–property links, which in turn form the basis for materials and process development and optimization. At the heart of this is the characterization and quantification of the material’s microstructure. To date, microstructure quantification has traditionally involved a human deciding what to measure and included labor-intensive manual evaluation. Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) offer exciting new approaches to microstructural quantification, especially c

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Robson, J. D., O. Engler, C. Sigli, A. Deschamps, and W. J. Poole. "Advances in Microstructural Understanding of Wrought Aluminum Alloys." Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A 51, no. 9 (2020): 4377–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11661-020-05908-9.

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Abstract Wrought aluminum alloys are an attractive option in the quest for lightweight, recyclable, structural materials. Modern wrought aluminum alloys depend on control of complex microstructures to obtain their properties. This requires an understanding of the coupling between alloy composition, processing, and microstructure. This paper summarizes recent work to understand microstructural evolution in such alloys, utilizing the advanced characterization techniques now available such as atom probe tomography, high-resolution electron microscopy, and synchrotron X-ray diffraction and scatter

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Chen, Rong, and Xing Zhou. "Recent advances in 2D graphene reinforced metal matrix composites." Nanotechnology 33, no. 6 (2021): 062003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/ac2dc7.

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Abstract The unique combination of excellent mechanical and functional properties makes graphene an ideal component for high-performance ‘smart’ composites, which are sensitive to thermal, optical, electrical and mechanical excitations, hence being potential in application of a range of sensors. It has confirmed that the addition of graphene into metal matrix can significantly enhance the mechanical property and deliver surprising functional properties. Thus, graphene reinforced metal matrix composites (GMMCs) have long been regarded as potential prospects of nanotechnology applications. Recen

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James, R. D. "Microstructure of Shape-Memory and Magnetostrictive Materials." Applied Mechanics Reviews 43, no. 5S (1990): S189—S193. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3120802.

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Recent advances in the analysis of microstructure is providing models and methods for treating the kinds of optimization problems that arise in the study of microstructure. The main advance has been the development of theory and methods for treating the case in which arbitrary microstructures compete for the minimum (or maximum). This contrasts for example with micromechanics in which the geometry of the microstructure is assumed, or assumed up to the choice of a few parameters, and then the optimization or stress analysis is carried out under severe geometric restrictions. Micromechanics is e

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Zheng, Hua, Kai Ming Wu, S. F. Sun, and G. W. Hu. "Niobium-Alloyed Steel Treated by Quenching-Partitioning-Tempering." Applied Mechanics and Materials 528 (February 2014): 149–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.528.149.

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Given the strong recent interest in quenching-partitioning-tempering processed steels, the Niobium-alloyed medium carbon steel was investigated here. The microstructural observations and hardness were analyzed by optical microscope, transmission electron microscope, X-ray diffraction and hardness test. Results show that when quenched at 210°C and partitioned at 450°C, the quenching partitioning-tempering process leads to ultra fine-grained microstructures of martensite, retained austenite and carbides. And the microstructure and hardness changed differently with the increase of partitioned tim

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Jang, Jeong Gook, and Solmoi Park. "Special Issue: “Microstructures and Durability of Cement-Based Materials”." Materials 14, no. 4 (2021): 866. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14040866.

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Cement-based materials play an irreplaceable role in building and sustaining our society by meeting the performance demand imposed on structures and sustainability. Cement-based materials are no longer limited to derivatives of Portland cement, and appreciate a wider range of binders that come from various origins. It is therefore of utmost importance for understanding and expanding the relevant knowledge on their microstructure and likely durability performance. This Special Issue “Microstructures and Durability of Cement-Based Materials” presents recent studies reporting microstructural and

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Lowe, Michael J. "Realistic modelling of microstructural features in numerical simulations of wave propagation in metals." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 152, no. 4 (2022): A293. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0016323.

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Research in numerical modelling in recent years has enabled realistic simulations of wave propagation in three dimensions in large volumes of material, while including features at small scale. A critical enabler has been the growth of computer power, especially Finite Element computations on GPUs. The presentation will start with the development of modelling capability for polycrystalline materials, for which extensive recent work has created realistic simulations for wave speed and grain-scattering attenuation, representing the microstructure at grain scale. This topic has received much atten

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Xi, Shangbin, and Yu Su. "Phase Field Study of the Microstructural Dynamic Evolution and Mechanical Response of NiTi Shape Memory Alloy under Mechanical Loading." Materials 14, no. 1 (2021): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14010183.

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For the purpose of investigating the microstructural evolution and the mechanical response under applied loads, a new phase field model based on the Ginzburg-Landau theory is developed by designing a free energy function with six potential wells that represent six martensite variants. Two-dimensional phase field simulations show that, in the process of a shape memory effect induced by temperature-stress, the reduction-disappearance of cubic austenite phase and nucleation-growth of monoclinic martensite multi-variants result in a poly-twined martensitic microstructure. The microstructure of mar

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11

Carter, Joseph G., and George R. Clark. "Classification and Phylogenetic Significance of Molluscan Shell Microstructure." Notes for a Short Course: Studies in Geology 13 (1985): 50–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0271164800001093.

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Like most classifications of molluscan shell microstructure published during the past 25 years (e.g., MacClintock, 1967; Kobayashi, 1964, 1971; Taylor, Kennedy and Hall, 1969, 1973; Grégoire, 1972a), the present one is based largely on Bøggild's (1930) monographic work, redefined from a modern perspective of combined light and scanning electron microscopy. However, this is the first attempt to integrate shell microstructure terminology for mollusks with that employed by students of bryozoan and brachiopod shell microstructure (e.g., Williams, 1968a,b, 1970, 1973; Williams and Wright, 1970; Arm

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Hanhan, Imad, and Michael D. Sangid. "Design of Low Cost Carbon Fiber Composites via Examining the Micromechanical Stress Distributions in A42 Bean-Shaped versus T650 Circular Fibers." Journal of Composites Science 5, no. 11 (2021): 294. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs5110294.

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Recent advancements have led to new polyacrylonitrile carbon fiber precursors which reduce production costs, yet lead to bean-shaped cross-sections. While these bean-shaped fibers have comparable stiffness and ultimate strength values to typical carbon fibers, their unique morphology results in varying in-plane orientations and different microstructural stress distributions under loading, which are not well understood and can limit failure strength under complex loading scenarios. Therefore, this work used finite element simulations to compare longitudinal stress distributions in A42 (bean-sha

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Clasen, Antje, and Antonia B. Kesel. "Microstructural Surface Properties of Drifting Seeds—A Model for Non-Toxic Antifouling Solutions." Biomimetics 4, no. 2 (2019): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics4020037.

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A major challenge in the shipping and marine industry is the biofouling on under water surfaces. So far, biocides have been the main remedy for the prevention of the adhesion of microorganisms that is also influenced by surface topography. In recent years, research projects have explored microstructured surfaces as a non-toxic antifouling strategy. In this study, physical factors of surfaces of seeds of 43 plant species were analyzed with regards to their antifouling effects. After exposure to cold water of the North Sea during the swarming periods of the barnacles larvae, the surface microstr

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Yang, Zenan, Yong Li, Xiaolu Wei, Xu Wang, and Chenchong Wang. "Martensite Start Temperature Prediction through a Deep Learning Strategy Using Both Microstructure Images and Composition Data." Materials 16, no. 3 (2023): 932. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16030932.

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In recent decades, various previous research has established empirical formulae or thermodynamic models for martensite start temperature (Ms) prediction. However, most of this research has mainly considered the effect of composition and ignored complex microstructural factors, such as morphology, that significantly affect Ms. The main limitation is that most microstructures cannot be digitized into numerical data. In order to solve this problem, a convolutional neural network model that can use both composition information and microstructure images as input was established for Ms prediction in

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Regier, R. W., A. Reguly, David K. Matlock, J. K. Choi, and John G. Speer. "Effects of Austenite Conditioning and Transformation Temperature on the Bainitic Microstructure in Linepipe Steels." Materials Science Forum 783-786 (May 2014): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.783-786.85.

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Low carbon bainitic steels are important in applications such as linepipe, and the details of the bainite microstructure control strength and toughness. The transformation of austenite to bainitic ferrite has been widely researched over the years, although recent use of electron backscatter diffraction techniques has provided opportunity to advance the characterization of various crystallographic aspects. In recent work, microstructures were characterized in a base steel containing 0.04 C and 1.7 Mn (wt. pct.) and two additional steels having modest carbon and manganese variations to influence

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Xi, Rui, and Yanzhou Li. "Recent Advances in the Performance and Mechanisms of High-Entropy Alloys Under Low- and High-Temperature Conditions." Coatings 15, no. 1 (2025): 92. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings15010092.

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High-entropy alloys, since their development, have demonstrated great potential for applications in extreme temperatures. This article reviews recent progress in their mechanical performance, microstructural evolution, and deformation mechanisms at low and high temperatures. Under low-temperature conditions, the focus is on alloys with face-centered cubic, body-centered cubic, and multi-phase structures. Special attention is given to their strength, toughness, strain-hardening capacity, and plastic-toughening mechanisms in cold environments. The key roles of lattice distortion, nanoscale twin

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Gargalis, Leonidas, Leonidas Karavias, Joachim S. Graff, Spyros Diplas, Elias P. Koumoulos, and Evangelia K. Karaxi. "Novel Powder Feedstock towards Microstructure Engineering in Laser Powder Bed Fusion: A Case Study on Duplex/Super Duplex and Austenitic Stainless-Steel Alloys." Metals 13, no. 9 (2023): 1546. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met13091546.

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Additive manufacturing of Duplex Stainless Steels (DSS) and Super Duplex Stainless Steels (SDSS) has been successfully demonstrated using LPBF in recent years, however, both alloys feature an almost fully ferritic microstructure in the as-built condition due to the fast cooling rates associated with the Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) process. Blends of DSS and SDSS powders were formulated with austenitic stainless-steel 316L powder, aiming to achieve increased austenite formation during in the LPBF as-built condition to potentially minimize the post heat treatments (solution annealing and quen

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Snopiński, Przemysław, Marek Barlak, and Katarzyna Nowakowska-Langier. "Ar+ Ion Irradiation Response of LPBF AlSi10Mg Alloy in As-Built and KOBO-Processed Conditions." Symmetry 16, no. 9 (2024): 1158. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym16091158.

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In recent years, revolutionary improvements in the properties of certain FCC metals have been achieved by increasing the proportion of twin-related, highly symmetric grain boundaries. Various thermomechanical routes of grain boundary engineering (GBE) processing have been employed to enhance the fraction of low ΣCSL grain boundaries, thereby improving the radiation tolerance of many polycrystalline materials. This improvement is due to symmetric twin boundaries acting as effective sinks for defects caused by radiation, thus enhancing the material’s performance. In this study, the LPBF AlSi10Mg

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Gunasegaram, Dayalan R., and Ingo Steinbach. "Modelling of Microstructure Formation in Metal Additive Manufacturing: Recent Progress, Research Gaps and Perspectives." Metals 11, no. 9 (2021): 1425. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11091425.

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Microstructures encountered in the various metal additive manufacturing (AM) processes are unique because these form under rapid solidification conditions not frequently experienced elsewhere. Some of these highly nonequilibrium microstructures are subject to self-tempering or even forced to undergo recrystallisation when extra energy is supplied in the form of heat as adjacent layers are deposited. Further complexity arises from the fact that the same microstructure may be attained via more than one route—since many permutations and combinations available in terms of AM process parameters giv

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da Silva, Elisabete Pinto, Wei Xu, Cecilia Föjer, Yvan Houbaert, Jilt Sietsma, and Roumen H. Petrov. "Combined Martensite and Bainite Formation from Austenite Decomposition in HSLA Steel." Advanced Materials Research 922 (May 2014): 682–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.922.682.

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Recent studies have shown the possibility to induce time-dependent phase transformations during isothermal treatment between the martensite start (MS)temperature and martensite finish(Mf,)temperature, i.e. after initial martensite formation. Such treatments result in specific complex microstructures consisting of bainite, martensite and retained austenite, depending on the holding temperature and time. However, the nature of the isothermal transformations belowMSis not completely understood and issues like isothermal formation of martensite and bainite formation are still under discussion. The

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21

Carneiro, Íris, and Sónia Simões. "Recent Advances in EBSD Characterization of Metals." Metals 10, no. 8 (2020): 1097. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10081097.

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Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) has been attracting enormous interest in the microstructural characterization of metals in recent years. This characterization technique has several advantages over conventional ones, since it allows obtaining a wide range of characterization possibilities in a single method, which is not possible in others. The grain size, crystallographic orientation, texture, and grain boundary character distribution can be obtained by EBSD analysis. Despite the limited resolution of this technique (20–50 nm), EBSD is powerful, even for nanostructured materials. Throu

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Roniewicz, Ewa. "The key role of skeletal microstructure in recognizing high-rank scleractinian taxa in the stratigraphical record." Paleontological Society Papers 1 (October 1996): 187–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1089332600000103.

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Skeleton microstructure of Recent scleractinians proves to be a valuable suprageneric taxonomical criterion, and the same has been stated with respect to Mesezoic corals where skeletonal preservation is aragonite. In paleontological practice, septal microstructure is decisive in discrimination of taxa among homeomorphic genera of different families. Similarities of microstructural features of some Recent and fossil corals encompass the genera in common taxa of higher ranks and allow for reconstruction of their presumed phylogeny.

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Chiou, W. A., C. S. Lin, P. C. Liu, and M. Meshii. "EM of mechanical plated Zn coating on steel." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 52 (1994): 880–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100172139.

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Zn and Fe-Zn alloy coatings on steel have been widely used for various applications due to their excellent corrosion resistance. The coatings are usually applied by electroplating or hot-dipping in molten Zn, but the mechanical plating process has also been used commercially and has been found advantageous over the conventional coating technologies in some applications with special requirements. The recent progress in investigating mechanically alloyed metals revealed interesting structural features including the formation of nanocrystalline and amorphous structures. Since the microstructures

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Huangfu, Binghan, Yujing Liu, Xiaochun Liu, Xiang Wu, and Haowei Bai. "Anisotropy of Additively Manufactured Metallic Materials." Materials 17, no. 15 (2024): 3653. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17153653.

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Additive manufacturing (AM) is a technology that builds parts layer by layer. Over the past decade, metal additive manufacturing (AM) technology has developed rapidly to form a complete industry chain. AM metal parts are employed in a multitude of industries, including biomedical, aerospace, automotive, marine, and offshore. The design of components can be improved to a greater extent than is possible with existing manufacturing processes, which can result in a significant enhancement of performance. Studies on the anisotropy of additively manufactured metallic materials have been reported, an

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Olah, Arthur. "Mechanical Properties of Metal Coating Layers after Laser Heat." RECENT - REzultatele CErcetărilor Noastre Tehnice 21, no. 2 (2020): 72–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.31926/recent.2020.61.072.

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The goal of this research is to study the influence of the laser heat treatment on wearing resistance of metal coating layers. Results reveal the influence of microstructures and chemical composition of used electrodes on microhardness and wear resistance of metal coating layers. Laser heat treatment was applied after coating. Evaluation of results was made by observing the microstructures with metallographic microscopy, SEM/EDX and the mechanical properties were obtained by microhardness and wear resistance.

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Xu, Hang, Shengjie Xu, Xun Xu, Jincheng Zhuang, Weichang Hao, and Yi Du. "Recent advances in two-dimensional van der Waals magnets." Microstructures 2, no. 2 (2022): 2022011. http://dx.doi.org/10.20517/microstructures.2022.02.

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Two-dimensional (2D) magnets have evoked tremendous interest within the research community due to their fascinating features and novel mechanisms, as well as their potential applications in magnetic nanodevices. In this review, state-of-the-art research into the exploration of 2D magnets from the perspective of their magnetic interaction and order mechanisms is discussed. The properties of these magnets can be effectively modulated by varying the external parameters, such as the charge carrier doping, thickness effect, pressure and strain. The potential applications of heterostructures of thes

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Svensson, Lars Erik. "Microstructure and Properties of High Strength Weld Metals." Materials Science Forum 539-543 (March 2007): 3937–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.539-543.3937.

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The recent investigations about high strength manganese – nickel alloyed weld metals are reviewed. The mechanical properties from different alloying concepts and the associated microstructures are compared. Interesting similarities regarding the tensile and impact strength is noted, while large variations in microstructure is found.

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Zhang, Fan, Andrew Allen, Lyle Levine, et al. "In Situ Materials Characterization across Atomic and Microstructure Lengthscales." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 70, a1 (2014): C1072. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s205327331408927x.

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Advanced materials exhibit complex, hierarchical, and multiscale microstructures that control their performance. Today, optimization of these microstructures requires iterative, ex situ studies using multiple independent instruments with different samples. To address many of the grand challenges facing the material research community, it is desirable to correlate material performance under realistic processing and operating conditions with in situ characterization of material structures across atomic and microstructural length scales. To meet this need, we have made progress in recent years in

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Malik, Affan, Danqi Qu, and Hui-Chia Yu. "Smoothed Boundary Method Electrochemical Simulation Framework for Complex Electrode Microstructures." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 46 (2022): 1968. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-01461968mtgabs.

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Battery and fuel cell electrodes possess highly complex microstructures: tortuous interparticle space, irregular particle surfaces, and various particle sizes. Additionally, coupled physical mechanisms, such as mass transport and electron transport, heat generation, and phase transformations, simultaneously occur during the electrode’s operations. All these combined complexity makes modeling electrochemical processes with explicit considerations of electrode microstructures very challenging. As such, electrode designs are still heavily relied on experimental trial-and-error methods even though

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Cui, Puchang, Geshu Xing, Zhisheng Nong, et al. "Recent Advances on Composition-Microstructure-Properties Relationships of Precipitation Hardening Stainless Steel." Materials 15, no. 23 (2022): 8443. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15238443.

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Precipitation hardening stainless steels have attracted extensive interest due to their distinguished mechanical properties. However, it is necessary to further uncover the internal quantitative relationship from the traditional standpoint based on the statistical perspective. In this review, we summarize the latest research progress on the relationships among the composition, microstructure, and properties of precipitation hardened stainless steels. First, the influence of general chemical composition and its fluctuation on the microstructure and properties of PHSS are elaborated. Then, the m

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Lacaze, Jacques, and Alain Hazotte. "Directionally Solidified Materials: Nickel-base Superalloys for Gas Turbines." Textures and Microstructures 13, no. 1 (1990): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/tsm.13.1.

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From the first forged turbine blades made of iron base alloys to the present nickel base single-grain turbine blades and vanes manufactured by directional solidification, an enormous amount of research has been directed to attaining the hottest possible combustion chamber temperatures in jet engines. Temperature has been increased by about 15 K each year for the last two decades, improving the thermodynamic efficiency of the engines. The more recent developments concern the manufacturing of single-grain parts made of nickel base superalloys with large amount of the γ′ hardening phase.This pape

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Lichioiu, Iuliana. "Pack Carburizing Effect on Microstructure and Hardness of 1.7131 Steel." RECENT - REzultatele CErcetărilor Noastre Tehnice 23, no. 3 (2022): 112–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.31926/recent.2022.68.112.

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Chen, Shuying, Yang Tong, and Peter Liaw. "Additive Manufacturing of High-Entropy Alloys: A Review." Entropy 20, no. 12 (2018): 937. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e20120937.

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Owing to the reduced defects, low cost, and high efficiency, the additive manufacturing (AM) technique has attracted increasingly attention and has been applied in high-entropy alloys (HEAs) in recent years. It was found that AM-processed HEAs possess an optimized microstructure and improved mechanical properties. However, no report has been proposed to review the application of the AM method in preparing bulk HEAs. Hence, it is necessary to introduce AM-processed HEAs in terms of applications, microstructures, mechanical properties, and challenges to provide readers with fundamental understan

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Zhu, Zhenlong, and Yilong Liang. "Prediction of Residual Stress of Carburized Steel Based on Machine Learning." Applied Sciences 10, no. 21 (2020): 7759. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10217759.

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In recent years, the number of machine learning applications (especially those involving deep learning) applied to predicting and discovering material properties has been increasing. This paper is based on using microstructure and carbon content to train machine learning models to predict the residual stress of carburized steel. First, a semantic segmentation model of the material organization structure (SegModel-MOS) was constructed based on the AlexNet network and initially trained on the PASCAL VOC2012 dataset. Then, the trained model was fine-tuned on an enhanced homemade dataset consistin

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Tanaka, Hiroyuki, and Jacques Locat. "A microstructural investigation of Osaka Bay clay: the impact of microfossils on its mechanical behaviour." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 36, no. 3 (1999): 493–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t99-009.

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A recent microstructural investigation of Osaka Bay clay sediments has revealed the presence of abundant microfossils, particularly in the marine layers, which appear to influence directly the microstructural framework of the sediments and eventually its geotechnical behaviour. The microfossils act as a structural component which provides a high compressibility when most of the interaggregate pore space is closed. In addition, they can introduce some bias on the measurements of physicochemical properties.Key words: microstructure, porosimetry, Atterberg's limits, compressibility, mineralogy, m

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Sarikaya, Mehmet, Katie L. Gunnison, and Ilhan A. Aksay. "Seashells as a natural model to study ceramic-polymer composites." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 47 (August 6, 1989): 558–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100154767.

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Interests in ceramic/polymer composites are increasing mainly because of their superior physical properties for structural and electronic applications. Naturally produced composites, such as seashells, are ideal to study the formation, microstructure, and physical properties of these composites as these materials have far superior properties with well-defined microstructures than man-made ones which require complex fabrication techniques. In this paper, a summary of a recent study on the microstructure of abalone shell (Haliotis refuscens) will be described in conjunction with its mechanical p

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Wu, Fan. "Microstructure and Defect Study in Thin Film Heterostructure Materials." Nanoscience & Nanotechnology-Asia 10, no. 2 (2020): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2210681208666181008143408.

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Deformation twins and phase interface are important planar defects and microstructures that greatly influence the overall performance of a material system. In multi-layer thin-film heterostructures, their effect is more manifest due to the small dimension of thin films and their influence on the growth of multi-layer structures. This article reviews the recent progress in microstructure and defects observed in thin film heterostructures, serving as a guideline for future research in this field. The multilayer thin-film heterostructures studied here were grown by pulsed laser deposition techniq

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Brom, Krzysztof Roman, and Krzysztof Szopa. "Morphological diversity of microstructures occurring in selected recent bivalve shells and their ecological implications." Contemporary Trends in Geoscience 5, no. 2 (2016): 104–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ctg-2016-0008.

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Abstract Environmental adaptation of molluscs during evolution has led to form biomineral exoskeleton – shell. The main compound of their shells is calcium carbonate, which is represented by calcite and/or aragonite. The mineral part, together with the biopolymer matrix, forms many types of microstructures, which are differ in texture. Different types of internal shell microstructures are characteristic for some bivalve groups. Studied bivalve species (freshwater species – duck mussel (Anodonta anatina Linnaeus, 1758) and marine species – common cockle (Cerastoderma edule Linnaeus, 1758), lyra

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Sroka, Marek, and Grzegorz Golański. "Microstructural and Mechanical Characterization of Alloys." Crystals 10, no. 10 (2020): 945. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst10100945.

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This Special Issue on “Microstructural and Mechanical Characterization of Alloys” features eight papers that cover the recent developments in alloys (engineering materials), methods of improvement of strength and cyclic properties of alloys, the stability of microstructure, the possible application of new (or improved) alloys, and the use of treatment for alloy improvement.

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Muribwathoho, Oritonda, Velaphi Msomi, and Sipokazi Mabuwa. "Metal Matrix Composite Developed with Marine Grades: A Review." Materials Science Forum 1085 (April 20, 2023): 77–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-jub91t.

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Metal matrix composites (MMCs) are now one of the most significant groups of modern engineering materials as a result of the increased attention they have received in recent years. MMCs have recently been manufactured using a variety of technical specifications and techniques, with properties such as the ability to withstand thermal stability at the lowest possible cost, reduced weight and density, increased strength and toughness, and improved wear resistance. It is crucial to homogenize the distribution of the reinforcing phase during composite processing in order to generate particulate or

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Lichioiu, Iuliana. "Evaluation of Graphite Distribution-Part Thickness Ratio in Gray Cast Irons Microstructure." RECENT - REzultatele CErcetărilor Noastre Tehnice 24, no. 3 (2023): 256–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.31926/recent.2023.71.256.

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Hu, Kaiyue, Jiayu Tian, Zhifu Zhou, Daming Zhao, and Xiangjiu Guan. "Direct Z-scheme photocatalytic systems based on vdW heterostructures for water splitting and CO2 reduction: fundamentals and recent advances." Microstructures 4, no. 2 (2024): 2024021. http://dx.doi.org/10.20517/microstructures.2023.76.

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Photocatalytic water splitting and CO2 reduction are conducive to alleviating the increasingly serious environmental problems and ever-tightening energy problems. Among various modification strategies, constructing Z-scheme heterostructures and direct Z-scheme heterostructures, in particular, by mimicking natural photosynthesis, has been widely researched for the effective separation of photogenerated electrons and holes with strong redox ability. However, a low lattice matching degree of different semiconductors often results in serious crystal defects in the composite. Fortunately, van der W

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Ma Xiuquan, 马修泉, 王力波 Wang Libo, 朱政武 Zhu Zhengwu, 王春明 Wang Chunming та 米高阳 Mi Gaoyang. "厚板高功率激光切割重铸层微观组织研究". Chinese Journal of Lasers 50, № 4 (2023): 0402015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/cjl220611.

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West, A. W. "Microstructural Development in Nb-Ti Multifilamentary Superconductors During Processing." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 43 (August 1985): 190–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100117911.

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The influence of the filament microstructure on the critical current density values, Jc, of Nb-Ti multifilamentary superconducting composites has been well documented. However the development of these microstructures during composite processing is still under investigation.During manufacture, the multifilamentary composite is given several heat treatments interspersed in the wire-drawing schedule. Typically, these heat treatments are for 5 to 80 hours at temperatures between 523 and 573K. A short heat treatment of approximately 3 hours at 573K is usually given to the wire at final size. Origin

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Azevedo, G., Ronaldo Barbosa, Elena V. Pereloma, and Dagoberto Brandão Santos. "Intercritical Annealing Behaviour of an Ultrafine Grained C-Mn Steel Obtained by Hot Torsion Deformation." Materials Science Forum 550 (July 2007): 471–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.550.471.

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Several studies concerning ferrite grain refinement have been developed in recent the last years due to the recognised influence of such microstructures on steels properties. This work was focused on the evaluation of the microstructure and mechanical properties of an ultrafine grained CMn steel obtained by hot torsion deformation and intercritical annealing. After 5 min soaking at 900 and 1200°C, the samples of low carbon steel were quenched and then reheated. Hot torsion deformation was conducted at temperatures of 700 or 740°C. The torsion schedule consisted of 7 isothermal passes leading t

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Tribula, D., and J. W. Morris. "Creep in Shear of Experimental Solder Joints." Journal of Electronic Packaging 112, no. 2 (1990): 87–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2904363.

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Thermal fatigue failures of solder joints in electronic devices are a great concern in the electronics industry. Since the fatigue load is often in shear the details of thermal fatigue failure in shear are of particular interest. Recent work indicates that similar failure mechanisms operate in both thermal fatigue in shear and unidirectional creep in shear. Additionally, since the operative temperatures during thermal fatigue represent high solder homologous temperatures, creep deformation is certainly involved. These factors and the relative case of conducting creep experiments encourage the

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Abedi, Mohammad, Dmitry Moskovskikh, Andrey Nepapushev, Veronika Suvorova, Haitao Wang, and Valentin Romanovski. "Advancements in Laser Powder Bed Fusion of Carbon Nanotubes-Reinforced AlSi10Mg Alloy: A Comprehensive Analysis of Microstructure Evolution, Properties, and Future Prospects." Metals 13, no. 9 (2023): 1619. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met13091619.

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Laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) stands out as a promising approach within the realm of additive manufacturing, particularly for the synthesis of CNT-AlSi10Mg nanocomposites. This review delves into a thorough exploration of the transformation in microstructure, the impact of processing variables, and the physico-mechanical characteristics of CNT-AlSi10Mg nanocomposites crafted via the L-PBF technique. Moreover, it consolidates a substantial corpus of recent research, proffering invaluable insights into optimizing L-PBF parameters to attain the desired microstructures and enhanced properties. T

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Ma, Wenping, Zhibo Yang, Mingxia Lu, Hongshi Ma, Chengtie Wu, and Hongxu Lu. "Hierarchically structured biomaterials for tissue regeneration." Microstructures 4, no. 2 (2024): 2024014. http://dx.doi.org/10.20517/microstructures.2023.61.

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Repairing tissue defects caused by diseases and traumas presents significant challenges in the clinic. Recent advancements in biomaterials have offered promising strategies for promoting tissue regeneration. In particular, the exploration of 3D macro and microstructures of biomaterials has proven crucial in this process. The integration of macro, micro, and nanostructures facilitates the performance of biomaterials in terms of their mechanical properties, degradation rate, and distinctive impacts on cellular activities. In this review, we summarize the recent progress in biomaterials with hier

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Raabe, Dierk, Binhan Sun, Alisson Kwiatkowski Da Silva, et al. "Current Challenges and Opportunities in Microstructure-Related Properties of Advanced High-Strength Steels." Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A 51, no. 11 (2020): 5517–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11661-020-05947-2.

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Abstract This is a viewpoint paper on recent progress in the understanding of the microstructure–property relations of advanced high-strength steels (AHSS). These alloys constitute a class of high-strength, formable steels that are designed mainly as sheet products for the transportation sector. AHSS have often very complex and hierarchical microstructures consisting of ferrite, austenite, bainite, or martensite matrix or of duplex or even multiphase mixtures of these constituents, sometimes enriched with precipitates. This complexity makes it challenging to establish reliable and mechanism-ba

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Chougale, Sanket, Dirk Romeis, and Marina Saphiannikova. "Magneto-Mechanical Enhancement of Elastic Moduli in Magnetoactive Elastomers with Anisotropic Microstructures." Materials 15, no. 2 (2022): 645. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15020645.

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Magnetoactive elastomers (MAEs) have gained significant attention in recent years due to their wide range of engineering applications. This paper investigates the important interplay between the particle microstructure and the sample shape of MAEs. A simple analytical expression is derived based on geometrical arguments to describe the particle distribution inside MAEs. In particular, smeared microstructures are considered instead of a discrete particle distribution. As a consequence of considering structured particle arrangements, the elastic free energy is anisotropic. It is formulated with

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