Relevant bibliographies by topics / Reduced amides

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Reduced amides'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 14 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Reduced amides"

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Selvakumar, Kumaravel, Kesamreddy Rangareddy, and John F. Harrod. "The titanocene-catalyzed reduction of acetamides to tertiary amines by PhMeSiH2." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 82, no. 8 (2004): 1244–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v04-063.

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A variety of acetamide derivatives are reduced in excellent yields to tertiary amines by PhMeSiH2 in the presence of Cp2TiX2 (X = F or Me) catalysts. The reactions are very clean at 80 °C. At room temperature a secondary reaction, hydrogenolysis of the C(O)—N bond, intervenes and reduces the chemoselectivity. Nevertheless, this chemistry provides a simple methodology for the amide/alkylamine transformation using inexpensive, commercially available reagents.Key words: amides, reduction, secondary amides, methylphenylsilane, titanocene, catalysis.
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Trott, Sandra, Sibylle Bürger, Carsten Calaminus, and Andreas Stolz. "Cloning and Heterologous Expression of an Enantioselective Amidase from Rhodococcus erythropolis Strain MP50." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 68, no. 7 (2002): 3279–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.68.7.3279-3286.2002.

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ABSTRACT The gene for an enantioselective amidase was cloned from Rhodococcus erythropolis MP50, which utilizes various aromatic nitriles via a nitrile hydratase/amidase system as nitrogen sources. The gene encoded a protein of 525 amino acids which corresponded to a protein with a molecular mass of 55.5 kDa. The deduced complete amino acid sequence showed homology to other enantioselective amidases from different bacterial genera. The nucleotide sequence approximately 2.5 kb upstream and downstream of the amidase gene was determined, but no indications for a structural coupling of the amidase
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Glover, Stephen, and Adam Rosser. "Heteroatom Substitution at Amide Nitrogen—Resonance Reduction and HERON Reactions of Anomeric Amides." Molecules 23, no. 11 (2018): 2834. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23112834.

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This review describes how resonance in amides is greatly affected upon substitution at nitrogen by two electronegative atoms. Nitrogen becomes strongly pyramidal and resonance stabilisation, evaluated computationally, can be reduced to as little as 50% that of N,N-dimethylacetamide. However, this occurs without significant twisting about the amide bond, which is borne out both experimentally and theoretically. In certain configurations, reduced resonance and pronounced anomeric effects between heteroatom substituents are instrumental in driving the HERON (Heteroatom Rearrangement On Nitrogen)
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Glover, Stephen A. "Development of the HERON Reaction: A Historical Account." Australian Journal of Chemistry 70, no. 4 (2017): 344. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch16683.

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This account describes the discovery and development of the HERON reaction, a reaction with special connection to the Heron Island Conferences on Reactive Intermediates and Unusual Molecules. This modern ‘named’ reaction describes an unusual rearrangement of bisheteroatom-substituted amides RCON(X)(Y) whereby the more electron deficient group, X, migrates from nitrogen to the carbonyl carbon giving an acyl derivative, RC(O)X, and Y-stabilised nitrenes. In it, the origins, mechanistic elucidation, and theoretical validation are described in more or less chronological order. Along that time line
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Glover, Stephen A., and Adam A. Rosser. "The role of substituents in the HERON reaction of anomeric amides." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 94, no. 12 (2016): 1169–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjc-2016-0300.

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Anomeric amides, RCON(X)(Y), have two electronegative atoms at the amide nitrogen, a configuration that results in greatly reduced amide resonance and strongly pyramidal nitrogen atoms. This, combined with facilitation of anomeric interactions, can result in the HERON reaction, an intramolecular migration of the more electronegative atom, X, from nitrogen to the carbonyl with production of a Y-stabilised nitrene. We have modelled, at the B3LYP/6-31G(d) level, a variety of anomeric amides that undergo the HERON reaction to determine factors that underpin the process. The overriding driving forc
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Kazak, D. V., Е. А. Dikusar, E. A. Akishina, R. S. Alexeev, N. A. Bumagin, and V. I. Potkin. "Synthesis and properties of esters and amides of pyridine- and 1,2-azolcarbonic acids." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Chemical Series 57, no. 2 (2021): 185–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.29235/1561-8331-2021-57-2-185-194.

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Based on esters of nicotinic and isonicotinic acids with hydroxybenzaldehydes, a series of functionally substituted derivatives containing isoxazole and isothiazole heterocycles in the molecule have been synthesized. Azomethines were obtained by condensation of nicotinates and isonicotinates with p-bromoaniline and m-aminophenol, which have been reduced with sodium triacetoxyborohydride to give the corresponding amines. Acylation of amino derivatives of nicotinates and isonicotinates with 5-arylisoxazole- and 4,5-dichloroisothiazolecarbonyl chlorides leads to the esters and amides with isoxazo
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Vejdělek, Zdeněk, Jiří Němec, and Miroslav Protiva. "Synthesis of N-(1-phenyl-2-propyl)-2,5-diphenylpentylamine and some related compounds as potential neurotropic and cardiovascular drugs." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 51, no. 7 (1986): 1487–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19861487.

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Heating of 2,5-diphenylvaleric acid with 2-phenylethylamine, 1-phenyl-2-propylamine, 1-phenyl-2-butylamine (IX), 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-propylamine, 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-butylamine (X) and 1-(4-dimethylaminophenyl)-2-propylamine to 200-210 °C resulted in the amides IIb-VIIb which were reduced with lithium aluminium hydride in boiling dibutyl ether to give the amines IIa, IIIa, and Va - VIIa. A similar two-step sequence starting from 4-phenyl-4-(phenylthio)-butyric acid and the amine IX gave compound VIIIa. The salts of the title amines revealed some central stimulating, antireserpine, thiopent
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Bujalowski, W., and D. Porschke. "Selective binding of amino acid residues to trna molecules detected by anticodon-anticodon interactions." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 43, no. 1-2 (1988): 91–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1988-1-218.

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Anticodon-anticodon pairing of complementary tRNA’s has been studied by fluorescence temperature jump measurements in the presence of different ligands as an approach for the evaluation of ligand binding to tRNA. This procedure is particularly useful for ligands which do not show spectroscopic changes upon binding, but affect the pairing potential of anticodons. Addition of phenylalanine-, tyrosine- and tryptophan-amide leads to a substantial decrease of the tRNAPhe-tRNAGlu pairing constant Kp, whereas Kp remains almost unaffected by addition of leucine amide and increases upon addition of gly
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Valenta, Vladimír, and Miroslav Protiva. "Synthesis of several 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzamides, their O-substituted derivatives and some related compounds as potential neurotropic agents." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 50, no. 2 (1985): 510–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19850510.

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Reactions of 4-benzyloxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzoyl chloride with pyrrolidine, piperidine, morpholine and 1-methylpiperazine gave the amides IIIa-IIId which were debenzylated by catalytic hydrogenation on palladium. The 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzamides IVa-IVc were then treated with sodium hydride and 2-dimethylaminoethyl chloride to give the O-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)amides Va-Vc. The 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzamide IX was prepared as a homologue of the antiemetic agent "trimethobenzamide" (II) and reduced to the benzylaniline derivative X. The substituted nicotinamide XI was obtained from nicotinoyl chlo
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Moolky, A., N. Moolky, M. Ankush, K. Usha, and M. Nagabhushan. "Spices May Prevent Human Cancers." Journal of Global Oncology 4, Supplement 2 (2018): 195s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.18.78602.

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Industrial and domestic use of fossil fuel (coal, gasoline, natural gas), wood burning (for heating, cooking, forest wild fire), and tobacco smoking releases harmful chemicals to human environment. Air pollutants include a mixture of noxious gases such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). PAHs are cancer causing agents are highly toxic and mutagenic/genotoxic. Spices are widely used on a daily basis around the world. Some of the major spices/active principles used in large quantities are turmeric (curcumins), ginger (gingerol, shaogol, zin
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Reduced amides"

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Xu, Guoyan. "Pin1 Inhibitors: Towards Understanding the Enzymatic Mechanism." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/37823.

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An important role of Pin1 is to catalyze the cis-trans isomerization of pSer/Thr-Pro bonds; as such, it plays an important role in many cellular events through the effects of conformational change on the function of its biological substrates, including Cdc25, c-Jun, and p53. The expression of Pin1 correlates with cyclin D1 levels, which contributes to cancer cell transformation. Overexpression of Pin1 promotes tumor growth, while its inhibition causes tumor cell apoptosis. Because Pin1 is overexpressed in many human cancer tissues, including breast, prostate, and lung cancer tissues, it plays
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Winter, Helen Rayma. "Strategies to reduce arylamine drug toxicity in people with AIDS /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7937.

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Lindh, Dillon Beatrice. "Kan marinering av kött reducera uppkomsten av heterocykliska aminer vid tillagning? : En litteraturstudie." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för kemi och biomedicin (KOB), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-85844.

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Bakgrund: Över 20 mutagena ämnen har detekterats i tillagade livsmedel. Till dessa räknas heterocykliska aminer. Studier har visat att dessa aminer kan orsaka mutationer och därmed öka risken för att utveckla cancer. Heterocykliska aminer bildas under tillagning av kött i höga temperaturer genom Maillardreaktionen. Syfte: Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att se om marinering med öl, vin eller örtkryddor kan minska bildningen av heterocykliska aminer vid tillagning av kött. Metod: Denna studie är en litteraturstudie med ett urval av artiklar från databaserna PubMed och Web of Science. Tota
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Monceaux, Christopher Jon. "Triazole-linked reduced amide isosteres: An approach for the fragment-based drug discovery of anti-Alzheimer's BACE1 inhibitors and NH-assisted Fürst-Plattner opening of cyclohexene oxides." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30221.

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In the scope of our BACE1 inhibitor project we used an originally designed microtiter plate-based screening to discover 4 triazole-linked reduced amide isosteres that showed modest (single digit micromolar) BACE1 inhibition. Our ligands were designed based on a very potent (single digit nanomolar) isopththalamide ligand from Merck. We supplanted one of the amide linkages in order to incorporate our triazole and saw a 1000-fold decrease in potency. We then enlisted Molsoft, L.L.C. to compare our ligand to Merck's in silico to account for this discrepancy. They found that the triazole linkag
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Gregianin, Dóris de Oliveira. "DESENVOLVIMENTO DE BEBIDA MISTA DE SORO DE LEITE COM TEOR DE LACTOSE REDUZIDO E EXTRATO HIDROSSOLÚVEL DE SOJA." UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSA, 2014. http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/714.

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Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-21T18:53:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Doris Oliveira Gregianin.pdf: 1718205 bytes, checksum: 59a8cb966255e87e0fa3f347f2a191cb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-28<br>The increased incidence of cardiovascular disease and various cancers have been the cause of searching for changing habits in a large portion of the population, seeking the physical activity in conjunction with the consumption of healthier foods with higher nutritional content. Considering the high biological value of the proteins of sweet whey and the recognized effect in reducing risk of
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Books on the topic "Reduced amides"

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Columb, Malachy O. Local anaesthetic agents. Edited by Michel M. R. F. Struys. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642045.003.0017.

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Local anaesthetic agents cause a pharmacologically induced reversible neuropathy characterized by axonal conduction blockade. They act by blocking the sodium ionophore and exhibit membrane stabilizing activity by inhibiting initiation and propagation of action potentials. They are weak bases consisting of three components: a lipophilic aromatic ring, a link, and a hydrophilic amine. The chemical link classifies them as esters or amides. Local anaesthetics diffuse through the axolemma as unionized free-base and block the ionophore in the quaternary ammonium ionized form. The speed of onset of b
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Scott, Tom. Conclusion to Part I. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198725275.003.0013.

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The situation of Konstanz was only settled when Emperor Charles V reduced it to an Austrian territorial town in 1548. And while the Swiss common lordships survived, Huldrych Zwingli contemplated their abolition in favour of two Protestant power blocs under Zürich in the east and Bern in the west. Zwingli did understand the Rhine as a frontier, but from a theological perspective: the achievement of the valiant God-fearing Swiss from small beginnings. Modern historians remain sceptical of the notion of the Rhine as frontier; what the preceding century had created (despite the propaganda war of m
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Hawthorne, Lesleyanne. Attracting and Retaining International Students as Skilled Migrants. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198815273.003.0010.

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OECD countries compete to attract and retain international students as skilled migrants. By definition former international students are of prime workforce age, face no regulatory barriers, and have self-funded to meet domestic employer demand. Within the global ‘race for talent’ they have emerged as a priority human capital resource. This chapter examines the study-migration pathways that have evolved in the past decade within skilled migration policy frameworks. Three case studies are provided, assessing select challenges in the context of national debate. The first examines the UK’s attempt
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Mirola, William A. Shifting Eight-Hour Reform from Consciousness to Creed in the Twentieth Century. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252038839.003.0007.

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This chapter focuses on three key events: the ongoing fight for shorter hours for women, the conflict between typographical workers and the Methodist Church over shorter hours at a Methodist publishing house, and the construction of the Social Creed of the Churches. Amid shifting sentiments among employers and changes in politics, Chicago women's groups, settlement-house workers, women in the Socialist Party, and the Women's Trade Union League (WTUL) took the lead in eight-hour reform by focusing on long hours among workingwomen. Once the provision limiting the hours of work for women to eight
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Book chapters on the topic "Reduced amides"

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Curran, Timothy P., Susan M. Abelleira, Renee J. Messier, and Gary F. Musso. "Diastereomer-free incorporation of reduced amide (-CH2NH-) pseudodipeptides in solid phase peptide synthesis." In Peptides. Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2264-1_224.

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Newlander, Kenneth A., James F. Callahan, Michael L. Moore, Thaddeus A. Tomaszek, and William F. Huffman. "A novel constrained reduced-amide inhibitor of HIV-1 protease derived from the systematic incorporation of γ-turn mimetics into a model substrate." In Peptide Chemistry 1992. Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1474-5_156.

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Haugan, Gørill, and Jessie Dezutter. "Meaning-in-Life: A Vital Salutogenic Resource for Health." In Health Promotion in Health Care – Vital Theories and Research. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63135-2_8.

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AbstractBased on evidence and theory, we state that facilitating and supporting people’s meaning-making processes are health promoting. Hence, meaning-in-life is a salutogenic concept.Authors from various disciplines such as nursing, medicine, psychology, philosophy, religion, and arts argue that the human search for meaning is a primary force in life and one of the most fundamental challenges an individual faces. Research demonstrates that meaning is of great importance for mental as well as physical well-being and crucial for health and quality of life. Studies have shown significant correlations between meaning-in-life and physical health measured by lower mortality for all causes of death; meaning is correlated with less cardiovascular disease, less hypertension, better immune function, less depression, and better coping and recovery from illness. Studies have shown that cancer patients who experience a high degree of meaning have a greater ability to tolerate bodily ailments than those who do not find meaning-in-life. Those who, despite pain and fatigue, experience meaning report better quality-of-life than those with low meaning. Hence, if the individual finds meaning despite illness, ailments, and imminent death, well-being, health, and quality-of-life will increase in the current situation. However, when affected by illness and reduced functionality, finding meaning-in-life might prove more difficult. A will to search for meaning is required, as well as health professionals who help patients and their families not only to cope with illness and suffering but also to find meaning amid these experiences. Accordingly, meaning-in-life is considered a vital salutogenic resource and concept.The psychiatrist Viktor Emil Frankl’s theory of “Will to Meaning” forms the basis for modern health science research on meaning; Frankl’s premise was that man has enough to live by, but too little to live for. According to Frankl, logotherapy ventures into the spiritual dimension of human life. The Greek word “logos” means not only meaning but also spirit. However, Frankl highlighted that in a logotherapeutic context, spirituality is not primarily about religiosity—although religiosity can be a part of it—but refers to a specific human dimension that makes us human. Frankl based his theory on three concepts: meaning, freedom to choose and suffering, stating that the latter has no point. People should not look for an inherent meaning in the negative events happening to them, or in their suffering, because the meaning is not there. The meaning is in the attitude people choose while suffering from illness, crises, etc.
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Taber, Douglass. "New Methods for Functional Group Conversion." In Organic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199764549.003.0008.

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Yujiro Hayashi of Tokyo University of Science and Teruaki Mukaiyama of the Kitasato Institute developed (Chem. Lett. 2008, 37, 592) a reduction-oxidation method for converting primary, secondary (such as 1, with clean inversion) and tertiary alcohols to sulfides. Peter A. Crooks of the University of Kentucky found (Chem. Lett. 2008, 37, 528) that tetrabenzylpyrophosphate 5 was an effective agent for condensing an acid 4 with an amine 6 to give the amide 7. This protocol, that runs in near quantitative yield in an hour at room temperature, with all impurities readily removable by washing with aqueous base and aqueous acid, appears to be well-suited both for scale-up, and for solid-phase synthesis. Balchandra M. Bhanage of the University of Mumbai reported (Tetrahedron Lett. 2008, 49, 965) the reductive amination of aldehydes, including 8, and ketones to the corresponding amines, using H2 and an inexpensive Fe catalyst. André Charette of the Université de Montréal showed (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2008, 130, 18) that the Hantzsch ester 12 , in the presence of Tf2O, reduced amides selectively to amines. Esters, epoxides, ketones, nitriles and alkynes were stable to these conditions. Matthew Tudge of Merck Rahway demonstrated (Tetrahedron Lett . 2008, 49, 1041) that Br2 in DME activated NaBH4 , allowing facile reduction of esters, including the congested diester 14, at ambient temperature. David J. Procter of the University of Manchester made (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2008, 130, 1136) the remarkable observation that six-membered ring lactones such as 16 were reduced to the corresponding diol with SmI2 . Five-membered ring and seven-membered ring lactones were not reduced under these conditions. Bruce H. Lipshutz of the University of California, Santa Barbara devised (Organic Lett . 2008, 10, 289) a convenient and economical procedure for CuH, using Cu and an inexpensive ligand in catalytic amounts, with PMHS as the bulk reductant. The reduction of 18 presumably proceeds by electron transfer, as with dissolving metal reduction, delivering 19 with the more stable trans ring fusion. In the presence of t-BuOH as a proton source, the reduction goes on to the alcohol 20.
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Taber, Douglass F. "New Methods for Reduction and for Oxidation." In Organic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190646165.003.0009.

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Clemens Krempner of Texas Tech University devised (Chem. Eur. J. 2014, 20, 14959) a very active Al catalyst for the Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley reduction of a ketone 1 to the alcohol 2. Louis Fensterbank and Cyril Ollivier of UMPC and Jean-Philippe Goddard of the Université de Haute-Alsace showed (Adv. Synth. Catal. 2014, 356, 2756) that visible light could mediate the reduction of the O-thiocarbamate 3 to 4. Soon Hyeok Hong of Seoul National University used (Org. Lett. 2014, 16, 4404) hydrogen from the diol 6 to reduce the nitrile 5, leading directly to the protected amine 7. Alex Adronov of McMaster University (J. Org. Chem. 2014, 79, 7728) and Thibault Cantat of Gif- sur-Yvette (Chem. Commun. 2014, 50, 9349) observed that an aryl amide 8 could be reduced to the amine 9 under conditions that left alkyl amides unchanged. Paul J. Chirik of Princeton University developed (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2014, 136, 13178) a Co catalyst for the alcohol- directed reduction of a proximal alkene, converting 10 selectively to 11. Yoichiro Kuninobu and Motomu Kanai of the University of Tokyo used (Synlett 2014, 25, 1869) stoichiometric Mo(CO)₆ to desulfurize 12 to 13. Utpal Bora of Tezpur University oxidized (Tetrahedron Lett. 2014, 55, 5029) the alcohol 14 to the aldehyde 15 with t-butyl hydroperoxide, using the inexpensive and reusable VOSO₄ as the catalyst. The oxidation of an alcohol to the acid is often car­ried out in two steps, alcohol to aldehyde and aldehyde to carboxylic acid. Kenneth B. Wagener of the University of Florida developed (Tetrahedron Lett. 2014, 55, 4452) a protocol for the direct oxidation of an alcohol 16 to the acid 17. Prodeep Phukan of Gauhati University devised (Tetrahedron Lett. 2014, 55, 5358) a catalyst-free procedure for the oxidation of a primary alcohol 18 to the ester 19. The aldehyde cor­responding to 18 (not illustrated) was also efficiently oxidized to 19. Katsuhiko Moriyama and Hideo Togo of Chiba University effected (Org. Lett. 2014, 16, 3812) the oxidative debenzylation of 20 to the ketone 21.
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Taber, Douglass F. "Enantioselective Construction of Alkylated Stereogenic Centers." In Organic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199965724.003.0040.

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Xiang-Ping Hu and Zhuo Zheng of the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics developed (Organic Lett. 2009, 11, 3226; J. Org. Chem. 2009, 74, 9191) a family of Rh catalysts for the enantioselective hydrogenation of allylic phosphonates such as 1. Hon Wai Lam of the University of Edinburgh established (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 10386) that an alkenyl heterocycle 3 could be reduced with high ee. The product 4 could be hydrolyzed to the carboxylic acid. Ken Tanaka of the Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology showed (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 12552) that an isopropenyl amide 6 could be hydroacylated with high ee. Gregory C. Fu of MIT observed (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 14231) that nitromethane 9 could be added to the allenyl amide 8 to give 10, the product of γ-bond formation. Robert K. Boeckman Jr. of the University of Rochester devised (Organic Lett. 2009, 11, 4544) what appears to be a general protocol for the construction of alkylated ternary and quaternary centers: enantioselective hydroxymethylation of an aldehyde 11. In another approach to the construction of alkylated quaternary centers, Varinder K. Aggarwal of the University of Bristol demonstrated (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2009, 48, 6289) that an enantiomerically enriched trifluoroborate salt 14 could be added to an aromatic aldehyde 15 with retention of absolute configuration. The salt 14 was prepared from the corresponding high ee secondary benzyl alcohol. Weinreb amides are versatile precursors to a variety of functional groups. Stephen G. Davies of the University of Oxford devised (Organic Lett. 2009, 11, 3254) a chiral Weinreb amide equivalent 17 that could be alkylated with high de. The minor diastereomer from the alkylation was readily separable by silica gel chromatography. Keiji Maruoka of Kyoto University established (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2009, 48, 5014) that a chiral phase transfer catalyst was effective for the enantioselective alkylation of the alkynyl ester 19. Emmanuel Riguet of the Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne developed (Tetrahedron Lett. 2009, 50, 4283) an improved catalyst for the enantioselective addition of malonate 22 to cyclohexenone 21.
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Taber, Douglass F. "Functional Group Transformation: The Castle Synthesis of Celogentin C." In Organic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199965724.003.0004.

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Mark Cushman of Purdue University found (J. Org. Chem. 2010, 75, 3507) that a benzylic methyl ether 1 could be converted to the aldehyde 2 by N -bromosuccinimide. Two equivalents of NBS gave the methyl ester. Ning Jiao of Peking University used (Organic Lett. 2010, 12, 2888) NaN3 followed by DDQ to oxidize a benzylic halide 3 to the nitrile 4. Hugues Miel of Almac Sciences oxidized (Tetrahedron Lett. 2010, 51, 3216) the ketone 5 to the nitro derivative 6. The oxidative conversion of the nitro compound 7 to the ketone 8 described (Tetrahedron Lett. 2009, 50, 6389) by Vera L. Patrocinio Pereira of the Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro proceeded without epimerization. Sundarababu Baskaran of the Indian Institute of Technology Madras established (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2010, 49, 804) that oxidative cleavage of the benzylidene acetal 9 delivered 10 with high regioselectivity. The intramolecular alkene dihydroxylation of 11 originated (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2010, 49, 4491) by Erik J. Alexanian of the University of North Carolina gave 12 with high diastereocontrol. Ruimao Hua of Tsinghua University took advantage (J. Org. Chem. 2010, 75, 2966) of the H-donor properties of DMF to develop an efficient reduction of the alkyne 13 to the alkyne 14 . Alejandro F. Barrero of the University of Granada developed (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 254) Ti (III) conditions for the reduction of the allylic alcohol 15 to the terminal alkene 16. Isolated alkenes were stable to these conditions. P. Veeraraghavan Ramachandran, also of Purdue University, effected (Tetrahedron Lett. 2010, 51, 3167) reductive amination of 17 to 18 using the now readily available NH3 - BH3 . Bin Ma and Wen-Cherng Lee of BiogenIdec developed (Tetrahedron Lett. 2010, 51, 385) a simple protocol for the conversion of an acid 19 to the free amine 20. Marc Lemaire of Université Lyons 1 established (Tetrahedron Lett. 2010, 51, 2092) that the silane 22 reduced primary, secondary, and tertiary amides to the aldehydes.
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Taber, Douglass F. "Best Synthetic Methods: Oxidation and Reduction." In Organic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199965724.003.0010.

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Johannes G. de Vries of DSM Pharmaceuticals prepared (Chem. Commun. 2009, 3747) Fe nanoparticles that selectively mediated the hydrogenation of Z alkenes and not trisubstituted alkenes. This should allow the conversion of 1 to 2. In the course of a synthesis (Tetrahedron Lett. 2009, 50, 4368) of centrolobine, Teck-Peng Loh of Nanyang Technological University employed an elegant protocol for the reduction of the secondary bromide 3. István Markó of the Université catholique de Louvain observed (Tetrahedron 2009, 65, 10930) that toluates such as 5 can be reduced smoothly with SmI2 to the corresponding C-H. Dan Yang of the University of Hong Kong devised (Organic Lett. 2009, 11, 3302) a triethylsilane-based procedure for the reductive amination of aldehydes and ketones such as 7. Jon A. Tunge of the University of Kansas developed (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 16626) a complementary protocol for the conversion of an aldehyde or ketone to the protected amine 12. Mark T. Hamann of the University of Mississippi established (Tetrahedron Lett. 2009, 50, 3901) that a nitroaromatic 13 could be reduced in the presence of an acid chloride 14 to deliver the amide 15 directly. Matthias Beller of the Universität Rostock (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2009, 48, 9507) and Hideo Nagashima of Kyushu University (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2009, 48, 9511; J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 15032) reported parallel investigations of the silane-based reduction of an amide 16 to the amine 17. Xue-Long Hou of the Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry demonstrated (Tetrahedron Lett. 2009, 50, 5578) that a terminal alkyne 18 could be oxidized to the α-acetoxy ketone 19. Philippe Renaud of the Universität Bern and Armido Studer of West fälische-Wilhelms-Universität established (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2009, 48, 6037) that both zinc enolates and silyl enol ethers could combine with chlorocatechol borane followed by TEMPO to give the α-oxygenated ketone. Stephen P. Marsden of the University of Leeds devised (Tetrahedron Lett. 2009, 50, 6106) a protocol for oxidizing a primary amine 18 to the benzoxazole 24, which has the oxidation state of the carboxylic acid.
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9

Taber, Douglass F. "Organic Functional Group Interconversion." In Organic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190646165.003.0003.

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Alois Fürstner of the Max-Planck-Institut Mülheim devised (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2013, 52, 14050) a Ru catalyst for the trans- selective hydroboration of an alkyne 1 to 2. Qingbin Liu of Hebei Normal University and Chanjuan Xi of Tsinghua University coupled (Org. Lett. 2013, 15, 5174) the alkenyl zirconocene derived from 3 with an acyl azide to give the amide 4. Chulbom Lee of Seoul National University used (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2013, 52, 10023) a Rh catalyst to convert a terminal alkyne 5 to the ester 6. Laura L. Anderson of the University of Illinois, Chicago devised (Org. Lett. 2013, 15, 4830) a protocol for the conversion of a ter­minal alkyne 7 to the α-amino aldehyde 9. Dewen Dong of the Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry developed (J. Org. Chem. 2013, 78, 11956) conditions for the monohydrolysis of a bis nitrile 10 to the monoamide 11. Aiwen Lei of Wuhan University optimized (Chem. Commun. 2013, 49, 7923) a Ni catalyst for the conversion of the alkene 12 to the enamide 13. Kazushi Mashima of Osaka University optimized (Adv. Synth. Catal. 2013, 355, 3391) a boronic ester catalyst for the conversion of an amide 14 to the ester 15. Jean- François Paquin of the Université Laval prepared (Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2013, 4325) the amide 17 by coupling an amine with the activated intermediate from reaction of an acid 16 with Xtal- Fluor E. Steven Fletcher of the University of Maryland School of Pharmacy designed (Tetrahedron Lett. 2013, 54, 4624) the azodicarbonyl dimorpholide 18 as a reagent for the Mitsunobu coupling of 19 with 20. The reduced form of 18 was readily separated by extraction into water and reoxidized. Jens Deutsch of the Universität Rostock found (Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 17702) simple ligands for the Ru-mediated borrowed hydro­gen conversion of an alcohol 22 to the amine 23. Ronald T. Raines of the University of Wisconsin devised (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2013, 135, 14936) a phosphinoester for the efficient conversion in water of an azide 24 to the diazo 25.
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10

Taber, Douglass F. "The Ma Synthesis of Gracilamine." In Organic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190200794.003.0103.

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The Am aryllidaceae alkaloid gracilamine 3 was isolated in 2005 from the Turkish plant Galanthus gracilis. The supply of the natural product was not sufficient to assess the biological activity. Dawei Ma of the Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry envisioned (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2012, 51, 10141) that the pentacyclic skeleton of 3 could be assembled by intramolecular dipolar cycloaddition, converting 1 to 2. The successful completion of the synthesis also enabled the full establishment of the relative configuration of 3. The immediate precursor to the ylide 1 was the aldehyde 9. The preparation of 9 began with the reductive amination of piperonal 4 with tyramine 5. The crude product was formylated to give the amide 6. Oxidative cyclization converted 6 to 7, which was reduced to a 1:1 mixture of diastereomers, only one of which (illustrated) could be carried onto the natural product. The undesired diastereomer was oxidized and recycled. Further reduction gave the amine, which was protected to give 8. With 8 in hand, the stage was set for regioselective von Braun degradation. Exposure to Troc-Cl gave a benzylic chloride that was hydrolyzed with AgNO3 to the benzylic alcohol. Dess-Martin oxidation completed the preparation of the aldehyde 9. Condensation of 9 with leucine ethyl ester 10 gave an imine, which on heating cyclized to racemic 2 with 5:1 diastereocontrol. Other diastereomers were possible, but the constraints of the fused 5/5 system ensured that the alternative transition states were significantly higher in energy. On exposure of the amino alcohol from deprotection of 2 to modified Pfitzner-Moffatt conditions, the amine was again protected and the alcohol was oxidized to the ketone to give 11. On deprotection, the amine added in a conjugate sense to give a ketone that was reduced to gracilamine 3 The diene 9 is prochiral, so there is the possibility that chiral catalysis could set the absolute configuration of 2 and so of 3. Attempts by the authors to catalyze the intramolecular dipolar cycloaddition were, however, so far not successful.
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Conference papers on the topic "Reduced amides"

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Lu, Dong, Alastair Trigg, Zhenxiang Xing, Rakesh Kumar, and Chang Kuo Chang. "Application of ToF-SIMS to Airborne Organic Contamination Analysis." In ISTFA 2003. ASM International, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2003p0215.

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Abstract Airborne molecular contamination poses a serious problem for advanced wafer fabrication as the devices are continually scaled down. The amount of this contamination may be only a few monolayers, which are extremely difficult to detect by the commonly used analytical techniques, such as FTIR. ToF-SIMS has extremely high surface sensitivity for the analysis of trace contaminants on wafer surfaces. The high mass resolution of ToF-SIMS is also a powerful tool for the identification of the contaminants. In the current study, ToF-SIMS is used to monitor the build-up of airborne amine contam
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Huertas Cardozo, Jose Ignacio, and Sebastia´n Izquierdo Cifuentes. "H2S and CO2 Filtration of Biogas Used in Internal Combustion Engines for Power Generation." In ASME 2009 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2009-12068.

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Currently, there is an increasing interest in connecting thousands of small electrical plants powered by renewable energy sources to national electrical grids. The use of biogas as fuel for internal combustion engines connected to an electric generator is emerging as one of the most attractive alternatives because of its very low cost benefit ratio and very high positive impact on the environment. However, the use of biogas to generate electricity has been limited by its high content of H2S (1800–3500 ppm) and CO2 (∼40%). CO2 presence reduces the energetic density of the fuel and therefore the
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Babu, Cadiam Mohan, Rajangam Vinodh, Aziz Abidov, et al. "Removal of Heavy Metals using Amine Crosslinked Reduced Graphene Oxide." In Green and Smart Technology 2015. Science & Engineering Research Support soCiety, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/astl.2015.120.83.

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Prakash, Shaurya, Timothy M. Long, Jonathan Wan, Jeffrey S. Moore, and Mark A. Shannon. "Electroosmotic Flow in “Click” Surface Modified Microfluidic Channels." In ASME 4th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2006-96153.

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A rapid, facile, and modular surface modification scheme for the covalent attachment of pre-formed polymer moieties to self-assembled monolayers via ‘click’ chemistry within glass microfluidic channels (3 cm long, 110 μm wide and 15 μm deep) is described. The effect that different moieties have on the electroosmotic flow (EOF) within the microchannels is evaluated. The application of linear polymers such as poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) generates hydrophilic surfaces that reduce the analyte-wall interactions, thereby increasing separation efficiency and improving resolution, especially in bio-se
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Park, Jae-Yeol, and Minsung Chae. "Vibration Design of Amine Regenerator Tower and its Piping System." In ASME 2019 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2019-93471.

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Abstract Fluid induced vibration in high-elevation tower and its piping system is examined with on-site measurement, numerical simulation, and analytical model. In this article, Amine regeneration tower in gas separation plant is subjected to investigation since significant vibration in both tower and its piping system prevents the normal operation especially with increased loading capacity. Measurement in frequency domain for inlet piping system shows single dominant peak as well as small peaks in low frequency range. In search of solution, analytical study with computational fluid dynamics m
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Stanojevic, Ljiljana. "USING INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES TO REDUCE HEALTH RISK AND RESTORE TRAVELERS’ CONFIDENCE." In The Sixth International Scientific Conference - TOURISM CHALLENGES AMID COVID-19, Thematic Proceedings. FACULTY OF HOTEL MANAGEMENT AND TOURISM IN VRNJAČKA BANJA UNIVERSITY OF KRAGUJEVAC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52370/tisc21299ls.

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During last year tourism and hospitality industry recorded significant losses due to the Covid-19 pandemics. One of the reasons is that indoor activities have been recognized as one of the main contributor to virus spread. Innovative technologies can play a key role in reducing indoor interaction between guests and staff, keeping social distancing, and providing a high level of cleaning standards. This research aimed to examine whether the implementation of innovative technologies may influence customers’ perception of health risk and whether their implementation in hotels may lead to greater
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Sipo¨cz, Nikolett, and Mohsen Assadi. "Combined Cycles With CO2 Capture: Two Alternatives for System Integration." In ASME Turbo Expo 2009: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2009-59595.

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As Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technology has grown as a promising option to significantly reduce CO2 emissions, system integration and optimization claim an important and crucial role. This paper presents a comparative study of a gas turbine cycle with post-combustion CO2 separation using an amine-based absorption process with Monoethanolamine (MEA). The study has been made for a triple pressure reheated 400 MWe natural gas-fuelled combined cycle (NGCC) with exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) to improve capture efficiency. Two different options for the energy supply to the solvent regenerat
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Tola, Vittorio, and Matthias Finkenrath. "Low Temperature Heat Recovery Through Integration of Organic Rankine Cycle and CO2 Removal Systems in a NGCC." In ASME 2014 12th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2014-20324.

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Reducing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from power plants utilizing fossil fuels is expected to become substantially more important in the near- to medium-term due to increasing costs associated to national and international greenhouse gas regulations, such as the Kyoto protocol and the European Union Emission Trading Scheme. However, since net efficiency penalties caused by capturing CO2 emissions from power plants are significant, measures to reduce or recover efficiency losses are of substantial interest. For a state-of-the-art 400 MW natural gas-fueled combined cycle (NGCC) power plant, po
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Petrova, Tamara I., Valery I. Kashinsky, Andrei Ye Verkhovsky, Yevgeny V. Chernyshev, and Igor N. Trofimov. "Formation of Protective Films of Octadecylamine on the Surface of Construction Materials in the Water-Steam Cycle at Fossil Power Plants." In ASME 8th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2006-95237.

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One of the reasons of the degradation of operational efficiency of fossil power plants is corrosion that takes place in the water-steam cycle during operation or downtime. Filming amine octadecylamine (ODA) is one of the chemicals used for reduction of corrosion rate of construction materials during downtime. This chemical not only reduces corrosion rate, but also helps to remove deposits. The data on the ODA effect on the efficiency of removal of deposits from heat exchange surfaces during equipment layup are presented. After ODA application a change in distribution of impurities along the he
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Wang, Baoqun, Hongguang Jin, Wei Han, and Danxing Zheng. "IGCC System With Integration of CO2 Recovery and the Cryogenic Energy in Air Separation Unit." In ASME Turbo Expo 2004: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2004-53723.

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In this paper, we proposed a new type of IGCC system with CO2 recovery, which employed the cryogenic energy of the air separation unit. The idea of integration of CO2 separation is introduced and the theoretical separation work was compared between the integration CO2 separation process and the traditional CO2 separation process. Different from the two-step (separation and compression) CO2 recovery processes commonly used, the new system can separate and liquefy CO2 simultaneously by means of integration of the cryogenic energy of air separation unit and CO2 recovery unit. In this way, a large
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Reports on the topic "Reduced amides"

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Vargas-Herrera, Hernando, Juan Jose Ospina-Tejeiro, Carlos Alfonso Huertas-Campos, et al. Monetary Policy Report - April de 2021. Banco de la República de Colombia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/inf-pol-mont-eng.tr2-2021.

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1.1 Macroeconomic summary Economic recovery has consistently outperformed the technical staff’s expectations following a steep decline in activity in the second quarter of 2020. At the same time, total and core inflation rates have fallen and remain at low levels, suggesting that a significant element of the reactivation of Colombia’s economy has been related to recovery in potential GDP. This would support the technical staff’s diagnosis of weak aggregate demand and ample excess capacity. The most recently available data on 2020 growth suggests a contraction in economic activity of 6.8%, lowe
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