Dissertations / Theses: 'Reducera stress'

1

Ekberg, Jessica, and Malin Hald. "Kan specialpedagogisk handledning reducera stress för pedagoger?" Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för lärande och miljö, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-10548.

Full text

Abstract:

Syftet med följande arbete är att belysa vilka copingstrategier pedagoger i förskolan och grundskolan har för att hantera sin egen stress och om specialpedagogisk handledning kan underlätta. Studien bygger på sex enskilda djupintervjuer och femtio enkäter som besvarats av slumpmässigt utvalda pedagoger på förskola, fritidshem och grundskola. Med hjälp av djupintervjuerna och enkäterna vill vi visa hur pedagoger uppfattar sin arbetssituation. Vårt syfte baseras på två frågeställningar: Vilka copingstrategier har pedagoger i förskolan, grundskolan och fritidshem för att hantera stress? Upplever pedagoger att specialpedagogisk handledning skulle underlätta deras reflektion och stresshantering? Arbetet ger en översikt över tidigare forskning om pedagoger och stress. Sammanfattningsvis pekar resultatet av vår undersökning att pedagogerna upplever sitt arbete som meningsfullt, glädjefullt och betydelsefullt, men att deras arbetsbelastning är för hög. Pedagogerna använder sig av olika copingstrategier för att hantera sin stress. De upplever att de får stöd från kollegor. Resultatet visar att deras chefer inte i tillräcklig omfattning har möjlighet att kunna bekräfta, stödja, vägleda dem. Pedagogerna anser att om de erbjöds specialpedagogisk handledning skulle detta underlätta deras arbetssituation. Kunskapsbidraget som denna studie kan bidra med är att belysa vikten av en hållbar utveckling och ett hållbart ledarskap inom pedagogisk verksamhet. Resultatet kan tillämpas genom att specialpedagogisk handledning kan bidra till att reducera pedagogers stress och kommer tredje part tillgodo, därmed barnen.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Hallak, Nivin, and Sofia Kinaret. "Olika sätt att reducera arbetsrelaterad stress hos sjuksköterskor : En litteraturstudie." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för vårdvetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-34449.

Full text

Abstract:

Bakgrund: Sjuksköterskor upplever i hög grad stress i sitt arbete, vilket leder till konsekvenser för organisationen, sjuksköterskans egen hälsa samt för patientsäkerheten. Syfte: Syfte med denna litteraturstudie var att sammanställa hur arbetsrelaterad stress hos sjuksköterskor skulle kunna minskas. Metod: Denna studie hade utformningen av en beskrivande litteraturstudie där 12 artiklar analyserats. Huvudresultat: Flertalet interventioner och stressreducerande program har prövats för att öka sjuksköterskornas förmåga att hantera arbetsrelaterad stress, dvs att utveckla copingstrategier. Återhämtning i form av fysisk aktivitet, sociala kontakter, aktiviteter och stöd, samt olika slags behandlingar som djurassisterad terapi, öronakupunktur, lavendelolja, massage och raster visade sig bidra till en minskad känsla av stress hos sjuksköterskorna. Slutligen hade organisationen och ledningens betydelse visat sig vara viktig när det kommer till att minska stress hos sjuksköterskor. Slutsats:Flertalet olika metoder var bidragande när det kommer till att minska arbetsrelaterad stress hos sjuksköterskor. Dessa metoder skiljde sig mycket från varandra, men hade alla gemensamt att de ämnade att skapa strategier för sjuksköterskan att bättre kunna hantera stress, dvs utveckla sina copingstrategier.
Background: Nurses experience high levels of stress in their daily work, that leads to consequences when it comes to the organization, the well-being of the nurse herself, but also when it comes to patient safety. Aim: The aim of this study was to summarize how occupational stress among nurses can be reduced. Method: The design of this study was a describing literature review where 12 articles where analyzed.Main results: Several interventions and stress reduction programs have examined if they can help nurses handle occupational stress, i.e. develop their coping strategies. Recovery, as physical activity, social support, and other treatments like cane assisted therapy, auriculotherapy, massage, lavender oil treatment and the breaks can help reduce stress in nurses. The organization and the leadership, was also important when it comes to reducing the stress levels for nurses. Conclusion: Several methods contributed to reduce the stress level among nurses. Even though these methods differed, they all had in common that they aimed to create strategies for nurses to be able to handle occupational stress, i.e. to develop their coping strategies.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Thorn, Sara, and Nicole Wistrand. "Hantera och reducera stress med meditation/mindfulness : En litteraturstudie." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för hälsa och lärande, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-13888.

Full text

Abstract:

Inledning: Samhället utvecklas och ställer allt högre krav på den enskilde individen som kan leda till ökad stressnivå. Långvarig stress kan leda till allvarliga folkhälsosjukdomar såsom utmattningssyndrom och depression. För att kunna påverka stressens negativa betydelse för hälsan är det viktigt att belysa behandlingsalternativ såsom meditation/mindfulness som kan inkluderas i vardagen. Syfte: Syftet med den här litteraturstudien är att undersöka vilka vetenskapliga belägg som finns om hur meditation/mindfulness kan hjälpa individer att hantera och reducera stress och på så sätt öka välbefinnandet och hälsan. Metod: Metoden är en litteraturstudie vilket innebär att artiklarna som ingår i studien har kritiskt granskats i en litteraturgenomgång. Tio artiklar ingår i studien som delats in i fyra teman som redovisas i resultatet. Resultat: Meditation/mindfulness kan vara effektiva metoder att hantera och reducera stress med, men alla studier var inte lika övertygande. Resultatet är indelat i fyra olika teman, positivt med meditation/mindfulness, tvivel om meditation/mindfulness effektivitet, mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) och onlineprogram. Gällande meditation/mindfulness antydde några studier att det kan öka välbefinnandet och minska stress. Medan andra var mer osäkra på dess fördelar. Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) visade på tydligare resultat gällande stressreduceringsprogram och likaså onlineprogram. MBSR kan användas av både sjuka och friska människor. Onlineprogram är effektiva både kostnadsmässigt och att individen kan nå programmen var som helst. Diskussion: Det fanns inte lika tydliga belägg för meditation/mindfulness effektivitet vid stresshantering som förväntat. Alla studier var inte överens om att det hade någon effekt men trots tvivel vill de forska mer innan de utesluter det som en bra metod. Hur effektivt det är för en individ kan variera för att programmen kräver träning, förståelse och förtroende. Meditation/mindfulness hjälper inte alla individer att hantera sin stress, men för vissa gör den det och för andra kan vara en bra metod i väntan på att få professionell hjälp.
Introduction: The society develops and sets high standards on individuals and that make the stress increase. Long-term stress can lead to public health diseases such exhaustion syndrome and depression. To provide stress’s negative effect on health there is a need of reducing programs and interventions such meditation/mindfulness that can be included in the everyday life. Aim: The aim of this literature study is to investigate what scientific evidence exists about how meditation / mindfulness can help individuals manage and reduce stress, and then increase well-being and health. Methods: The method is a literature study, which means that the articles that are included in the study have been critically reviewed in a literature review. Ten articles are included in this study and they are divided into four themes that are reported in the result. Results: Meditation / mindfulness can be effective methods of managing and reducing stress, but all studies were not assured. The result is divided into four different themes, positive with meditation / mindfulness, doubts about meditation / mindfulness efficiency, mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) and online programs. Some studies suggested that it could increase well-being and reduce stress. While others were uncertain of its benefits. Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) showed clearer results about stress reduction programs and online programs. MBSR can be used by both sick and healthy people. Online programs are effective both cost-effectively and that the individual can reach the programs from home. Discussion: There was not as clear evidence of meditation/mindfulness effectiveness in stress management as expected. All studies did not agree that it had any effect but in spite of doubt, more research is needed before ruling out as a good method. How effective it is for an individual may vary because the programs require training, understanding and trust. Meditation/mindfulness doesn’t help every individuals to manage their stress, but for some it does and for some it may be a good method while waiting for professional help.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Wäppling, Louise, and Misja Holst. "En korrelationsstudie om stress : Är fysisk aktivitet och sömn effektiva medel för att reducera stress?" Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för psykologi (PSY), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-80161.

Full text

Abstract:

Stress kan idag ses som ett av det moderna västerländska samhällets största folkhälsoproblem, där risken för att utveckla stressinducerade sjukdomar är hög. Forskning har funnit bevis på att fysisk aktivitet och sömn kan reducera stress, huruvida är det få studier som har kombinerat dessa två variabler för att undersöka högskole-och universitetsstudenters stressnivåer. Målet för studien är att undersöka om det finns en korrelation mellan studenters sömnvanor, grad av fysisk aktivitet och individernas upplevda stress. Studiens syfte besvarades med hjälp av två hypoteser; 1. Graden av fysisk aktivitet reducerar studenters stressnivåer, 2. Hög kvalitativ sömn reducerar studenters stressnivåer. Fortsättningsvis användes Krav-kontrollmodellen av Karasek och Theorell (1990) för att förstå studenternas stressreaktioner. Datainsamlingen skedde via instrumenten Perceived Stress Scale - 10 (PSS-10), Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), och Karolinska Sleep Questionnaire (KSQ) vid ett universitet i södra Småland. Studien fann ingen signifikant korrelation mellan stress, sömnvanor och fysisk aktivitet.
Stress can today be seen as one of the western world’s greatest health concerns, where the risk for developing stress-inducing illness is high. Research have found evidence that physical activity and sleep have a stress reducing effect, however, there are few studies that have combined these two variables to analyse students stress levels. The purpose of this essay is to analyse the correlation between university students sleeping behaviour, levels of physical activity and perceived stress. The study uses two hypothesis; 1. higher levels of physical activity reduces university students stress levels, 2. high quality sleep reduces university students stress levels. The job demand control model by Karasek and Theorell (1990) was used to understand the individuals stress reactions. The data was collected at a university in the south of Sweden using the instruments Perceived Stress Scale - 10 (PSS-10), Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), and Karolinska Sleep Questionnaire (KSQ). The study found no significant correlation between the three variables stress, sleep and physical activity.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Johansson, Amanda, and Sara Modin. "Skolors preventiva arbete för att reducera stress bland skolungdomar : En intervjustudie med skolsköterskor." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för hälsa och samhälle (HOS), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-17942.

Full text

Abstract:

Introduktion: Idag rapporterar unga vuxna och ungdomar allt mer stressrelaterad ohälsa. Långa perioder med stress kan orsaka bland annat nedsatt prestationsförmåga, kronisk trötthet, olust, nedstämdhet, minnesstörningar, sömnproblem, domningar och diffusa muskelsmärtor. Ungdomar anser att kunskap om stress och stresshantering i skolan är viktigt för att stå emot stress. I en studie av Svensk Idrottsforskning framgick det att 77 % av flickorna och 63 % av pojkarna ansåg att skolan är den främsta orsaken till stressen. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att beskriva hur skolor arbetade/arbetar preventivt för att reducera stress bland skolungdomar. Metod: För att få syftet besvarat så genomfördes en kvalitativ metod. En frågeguide konstruerades och därefter genomfördes intervjuer med fem kvinnliga skolsköterskor på högstadieskolor i en kommun i södra Sverige. Intervjuerna transkriberades ordagrant och sammanställdes genom en temaanalys. Resultatet presenterades i fyra teman. Resultat: Resultatet presenterades i följande teman: tillgänglighet till skolpersonal, samtal kring hälsan, skolans stödjande omgivning samt sociala och emotionella aktiviteter i skolan. Det framkom att skolsköterskorna var tillgängliga för eleverna genom att de hade ”dörren öppen”, följde med på aktiviteter och var ute i verksamheten. De hade även hälso- och motiverande samtal med eleverna. Skolsköterskan arbetade också med massage för att reducera elevernas stress. På skolorna arbetade lärare och elever för att skapa en stressdämpande skolmiljö. Det förekom även olika aktiviteter på skolorna i form av SET, värdegrundsarbete, etik och moral samt fritt val. Implikation: Med hjälp av studien kan skolor ta del av varandras arbete när det gäller hur de arbetar preventivt för att reducera stress bland skolungdomar. Fortsatt forskning skulle kunna inkludera elevers åsikter om hur skolor ska arbeta preventivt mot stress.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Österman, Jenny, and Sanna Lindstrand. "Kan fyra veckors yoga reducera stress hos domstolshandläggare på Nacka tingsrätt? : En kvantitativ interventionsstudie." Thesis, Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:gih:diva-5673.

Full text

Abstract:

Syfte och frågeställningar Syftet är att studera om yoga kan minska stress hos domstolshandläggare vid mark- och miljödomstolen i nacka tingsrätt. Frågeställning: Kan fyra veckors yoga reducera stress hos domstolshandläggare på Nacka tingsrätt? Den sekundära frågeställningen är: Finns det ett samband mellan den självuppskattade stressen och de fysiologiska testerna? Metod För att få bästa möjliga pålitlighet har två olika enkäter samt två olika fysiologiska tester används före- och efter interventionen. Enkäter som användes var PSS10 som mäter stress och KEDS som mäter utmattning. De fysiologiska testerna består av blodtryck och puls. Interventionen bestod av 2 yogapass i veckan under en period på 4 veckor för kontorsanställda på Nacka tingsrätt. Resultat Testpersonerna skattade sig 11% bättre på Perceived Stress Scale (p=0,034) med samt utan bortfall. En förbättring kan ses på utmattningsenkäten där testgruppen utan bortfall förbättrades med 30% dock utan att signifikant data (p=0,081). Däremot hade testgruppen med bortfall en signifikant förbättring med 33,33% (p=0,049). De fysiologiska testerna (blodtryck och puls) visar inget förbättrat värde efter yogan. Urvalet bestod av: Utan bortfall - 10 deltagare där medelåldern var 37,8 år. Med bortfall - 9 deltagare där medelåldern var 38,2 år. Det var 1 man och 9 kvinnor. Slutsats Kontorsanställda deltog i ett 4 veckors yogaprogram där de reducerade den självupplevda stressen. Däremot var ingen skillnad i fysiologiska faktorer efter yoga funnen. Eftersom de fysiologiska testerna inte visar ett samband med yogan utesluts ett cross-sectional samband. Mer forskning behövs för att kunna urskilja om de fysiologiska faktorerna kan påverkas av yoga.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Matsson, Annemarie, Kristian Albertsson, and Linus Svensson. "Elevers stress : En studie på grundskolans senare år om elevers upplevelser av stress och hur de tror att man kan reducera den." Thesis, University of Skövde, School of Humanities and Informatics, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-967.

Full text

Abstract:

Students’ experience of stress is generally considered to be an isolated problem, caused by school work. Students’ experience of stress at school can also be affected by exterior influences.

This research aims to discover what factors Swedish students, age 13 – 16, experience as stressful. It also aims to describe how students believe this stress can be reduced. This project originated from a request from a secondary school. A questionnaire was used to map the different stress factors. Interviews enabled greater understanding of these factors and what students themselves believe can reduce the stress. The gathered material was interpreted in several steps by the use of ad hoc methods.

The result shows that half of the students experience stress every week. The main causes are lack of time and demands. They lack “free time”, which enables the body to recover from the stress. The students desire management, including guidance from parents concerning prioritising and setting limits. The school should help the students to develop study techniques. The stress is caused by a feeling of not being able to live up to and deal with own and exterior demands. It can be reduced by planning (enabling “free time”), influence (co-operation), personal development (improvement of self-esteem and identity) and management (guidance, limitations, acceptance and development).

Elevers upplevda stress i skolan ses ofta som ett isolerat problem som framkallas och påverkas under skoltid. Upplevelser av stress i skolan kan även bero på andra faktorer som elever påverkas av utanför skoltid.

Studien syftar till att kartlägga olika faktorer som elever i årskurs 7-9 upplever som stressande och hur de tror att stressen kan reduceras. Detta arbete har utgått från en frågeställning som framförts av en skola. En enkät användes för att kartlägga olika stressfaktorer. Intervjuer gav djupare förståelse för de olika stressfaktorerna och hur eleverna tror att den upplevda stressen kan reduceras. Det insamlade materialet tolkades i flera steg med ad hoc-metoder.

Resultatet visar att hälften av eleverna känner sig stressade varje vecka. Elevernas största stressfaktorer är tidsbrist och krav. De saknar ”fri tid”, som ger kroppen återhämtning från stress. Eleverna efterlyser ledarskap, hjälp från föräldrar att prioritera och sätta gränser samt att skolan ska utveckla elevernas studietekniker. Stressen orsakas av en känsla att inte kunna leva upp till och hantera egna och omvärldens krav. Reducering av stressen kan ske genom planering (skapande av ”fri tid”), inflytande (samplanering), personlig utveckling (stärkt självkänsla och identitet) och ledarskap (ledning, gränssättning, acceptans och utveckling).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Björk, Maria, and Matilda Ljudén. "Till Salu! : Kan fastighetsmäklarens arbetsprocess bli Lean?" Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-315956.

Full text

Abstract:

Under de senaste tjugo åren har stora förändringar skett inom fastighetsmäklarbranschen. I takt med ökade administrativa krav, striktare lagar samt en ökad konkurrens har pressen att prestera och alltid finnas tillgänglig varit tydligt märkbar. Detta kombinerat med yrkets utformade av obekväma arbetstider har gjort att stressnivån hos fastighetsmäklare ökat, vilket medför en högre risk för psykisk ohälsa. Genom att kartlägga fastighetsmäklarens arbete syftar studien till att tidseffektivisera processen och frigöra tid vilket kan reducera stressnivån och skapa återhämtningstid. En välkänd effektivitetsteori för att skapa effektiva processer är Lean. Teorin härstammar från produktionssektorn men har på senare tid även implementerats inom tjänstebaserade yrken. Kvalitativa intervjuer av semi-strukturerad karaktär genomfördes i Uppsala, Sverige och ligger till grund för studien datainsamling. Intervjuresultatet påvisar att det finns aktiviteter i processen som kan effektiviseras. Studiens slutsats för att skapa effektiva processer är att anpassa arbetet efter kundens indirekta behov samt att implementera ett proaktivt arbetssätt för att balansera arbetsbördan.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Smith, Adam. "Reduce Stress among Nurses through Gamification : A Study of Finding Stress Factors among Nurses and Suggesting Gamification to Reduce Stress." Thesis, KTH, Medicinteknik och hälsosystem, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-291442.

Full text

Abstract:

This study shows that stress is one of the important issues which may have a negative impactboth in physical and mental effects on a nurse's working life. Poor ergonomics of the hospitaland a poor behavior approach of nurses can cause stress. To reduce these stress factors, thisstudy suggests solutions based on gamification that imply activities to create a good workingenvironment and to reduce the stress to ensure the good health and well-being of the nurseswho work different shifts especially in night shifts. To achieve the purpose, qualitative researchis used as a method. For this study, nurses who work in hospitals were interviewed in differentshifts especially in night shifts with some open-ended questions related to stress andgamification. Based on their answers, trying to evaluate and analyze the problem and findings.Based on the findings, a gamification concept was developed to provide recommendations tohandle the stress and to be motivated and engaged to develop the well-being of life.
Denna studie visar att stress är en av de viktigaste frågorna som kan ha en negativ inverkanbåde på fysiska och mentala effekter på sjuksköterskans arbetsliv. Dålig ergonomi på sjukhusetoch sjuksköterskors dåliga beteende kan orsaka stress. För att minska dessa stressfaktorerföreslår denna studie lösningar baserade på gamification som innebär aktiviteter för att skapaen bra arbetsmiljö och för att minska stressen för att säkerställa god hälsa och välbefinnandehos sjuksköterskor som arbetar olika skift, särskilt på nattskift. För att uppnå syftet användskvalitativ forskning som metod. För denna studie intervjuades sjuksköterskor som arbetar påsjukhus i olika skift, särskilt på nattskift med några öppna frågor relaterade till stress ochgamification. Baserat på deras svar, försöker utvärdera och analysera problemet och resultaten.Baserat på resultaten utvecklades ett spelkoncept för att ge rekommendationer för att hanterastress och för att vara motiverad och engagerad för att utveckla livets välbefinnande.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Stone, Frederick J. "Measures to reduce stress at work." Thesis, Aston University, 1985. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/12303/.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Badrous, Therese, and Ebba Lund. "Reduced stress method for steel in class 4 cross-sections : Evaluation of the reduced stress method for a railway bridge." Thesis, KTH, Byggteknik och design, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-302525.

Full text

Abstract:

The effective cross-section method, also called reduced cross-section method is generally used for steel in class 4 cross-sections in considering local buckling. This method is a bit complicated and time consuming, which often leads to engineers not using profiles in class 4 cross-sections. The reduced stress method is an alternative method for handling slender steel cross-sections. These two methods are described in the Eurocode, of which the latter is less described. The national annex states that the reduced stress method should not be used, however, without explanation to the general recommendation. This study is a comparison of the two different methods and is intended to provide a better understanding of the reduced stress method. The calculation process and design for steel profiles in class 4 cross-sections can in this way become more efficient. This is done by determining when it is most profitable to use the reduced stress method instead of the effective cross-section method. Thus, can the use of profiles in class 4 cross-sections become a more obvious choice in the industry. This study considered a simply supported I-beam in an open railway bridge exposed to bending moment where the same conditions were investigated for each method. The effective crosssection method is implemented by reducing the cross-sectional area and was calculated manually. In the reduced stress method, it is the yield stress that is reduced. The reduced stress method was analyzed both through FEM and manual calculations in this study. The result showed that the reduced stress method performed through FEM gave a similar result as the effective cross-section method, which makes it an appealing method. The reduced stress method with manual calculation, however, gave a more conservative result. These methods are relativelydifferent and recommendations for each method are presented in this report.
Idag behandlas ståltvärsnitt i tvärsnittklass 4 generellt med hjälp av metoden effektivt tvärsnitt för att beakta lokal buckling. Metoden är en aning komplicerad och tidskrävande, vilket leder till att konstruktörer överlag inte använder profiler i tvärsnittsklass 4. Reducerad spänning är en alternativ metod för hantering av slanka ståltvärsnitt. Dessa två metoder beskrivs i Eurokoden varav den sist nämnda mer kortfattat. I den nationella bilagan står det att metoden reducerad spänning ej bör användas dock utan motivering till det allmänna rådet. Studien är en jämförelse av de två olika metoderna och är ämnad till att ge en bättre förståelse av metoden reducerad spänning. Således kan beräkningsgången samt projektering för stålprofiler i tvärsnittsklass 4 effektiviseras. Detta genom att avgöra när det är mest lönsamt att använda reducerad spänning framför effektivt tvärsnitt. Följaktligen kan användning av profiler i tvärsnittsklass 4 bli ett mer självklart val i branschen. Denna studie omfattade en fritt upplagd I-balk i en öppen järnvägsbro utsatt för böjande moment där samma förutsättningar har undersökts för respektive metod. Effektivt tvärsnitt går ut på att reducera en tvärsnittsarea och har utförts via handberäkningar. I metoden reducerad spänning är det sträckgränsen som reduceras. I denna studie undersöktes reducerad spänningsmetoden via FEM samt handberäkningar. Resultatet påvisade att metoden reducerad spänning utförd via FEM gav ett liknande resultat som metoden effektivt tvärsnitt, vilket gör det till en attraktiv metod. Reducerad spänning via handberäkning gav dock ett mer konservativt resultat. Metoderna är relativt olika och rekommendationer för tillämpning av respektive metod presenteras i denna rapport.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Curley, Jeffrey R. "Reducing Stress of Inservice Teachers." DigitalCommons@USU, 1989. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6001.

Full text

Abstract:

A prototype treatment developed to significantly reduce symptoms of stress among inservice teachers was tested in this experiment. Thirty participants selected for high stress levels were randomly assigned to treatment and control groups. They were assessed on environmental, personality, and emotional variables, using self-report and expert-judge measures, both pre- and posttreatment. The experimental treatment was holistic, incorporating all processes previously found to be related to reducing teacher stress. At posttreatment, the treatment group averaged 1.02 standard deviations lower on the stress measures than the control group. Significant differences in the posttest means, favoring the experimental group, were found for 23 of the 39 variables measured on the three self-report instruments. As a group the participants demonstrated substantially lower stress levels than the control group after the treatment, with a substantial decrease from their pretreatment stress levels. Since the control group received no treatment, some of the difference nay be due to Hawthorne Effect.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Davidson, Ransford George. "Leadership Strategies to Reduce Employees' Occupational Stress." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5849.

Full text

Abstract:

Job-related aspects of the work environment, such as work pressure, workload, leadership, and management support cause occupational stress and increase costs to organizations. Grounded in the job demands-resources model theory, the purpose of this single case study was to explore strategies some bank managers use to reduce employees' occupational stress. The interview process included 5 managers employed at a bank in the Caribbean who successfully implemented strategies that reduced employees' occupational stress. The data collection and analysis process involved face-to-face, semistructured interviews and analysis of organizational documentation. Using the exploratory approach in data analysis, data were systematically integrated, evaluated, and summarized through a process of coding and generating themes and patterns. During the coding process, 4 major themes emerged: organizational protection and leadership, supportive organization, occupational health and well-being, and prevention. Business managers who develop and execute strategies centered on these themes might reduce job-related stress factors and the negative consequences of occupational stress. The study results might prompt business leaders to develop prevention strategies to address the causes of potential stressors linked to work conditions. The implications for positive social change include the potential for improving employee health and reducing health costs to employees, their families, and communities.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Atchley, Rachel M. "Mindfulness Meditation Reduces Stress-Related Inhibitory Gating Impairment." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1401920790.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Ottosson, Melodie. "Stresshantering i arbetslivet : Hur man reducerar den negativa stressen." Thesis, University of Skövde, School of Technology and Society, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-612.

Full text

Abstract:

Syfte: Jag ville ta reda på hur chefer/ledare idag handskas med och blir påverkade av stressen i arbetslivet.

Teori: Hur du skall vara som ledare/chef och hur man utvecklas genom rollen samt teori om stress, negativ/positiv stress samt olika stressmodeller.

Metod: En kvalitativ undersökningsmetod genom individuella intervjuer med ett flertal butikschefer.

Slutsatser: Att upplevd stress är helt individuell beroende på erfarenhet, gener, ledarskap mm. Sen är det upp till sig som chef att lära dig att balansera dig fram till den optimala situationen för att du skall undvika negativ stress.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Bell, Rhonda Gene. "Strategies to Reduce Stress in the Insurance Industry." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4038.

Full text

Abstract:

Approximately 40% of American workers report their jobs are extremely stressful. Business leaders who fail to address workplace stress increase employee propensity for poor performance, resulting in diminished profits. Grounded in the person-environment fit framework, the purpose of this single case study was to explore strategies 9 insurance industry leaders in Franklin County, Ohio used to mitigate workplace stress. The 9 insurance leaders who participated in the study work closely with staff, have experience working in stressful work environments, and utilize various tools to reduce stress. Data collected from face-to-face interviews and reviews of organizational documentation were useful for the completion of this study. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis, where 5 themes emerged: supportive work environment, improved communications, optimal leadership, increased resources and training, and work-life balance. The study findings exposed strategies insurance leaders could use to mitigate stress, fuel training development, and assist supervisors to recognize stress symptoms, and most importantly, offer or direct employees to services to address symptoms of workplace stress. The findings may prompt business owners to investigate strategies to address their unique situations leading to stress. Business owners might choose initiatives in this study to identify and respond to employees' needs, provide support, and foster environments of tolerance for all employees, thus reducing stress. The implications for positive social change include the potential for business leaders to minimize workplace stress, thereby increasing the propensity for healthier employees, positive career outcomes, and business sustainability.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Brunton, Paula J. "Central mechanisms of reduced neuroendocrine stress responses in pregnancy." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/23280.

Full text

Abstract:

The hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis plays a vital role in restoring homeostasis following stress; responsiveness of the axis can change however. The adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and corticosterone secretory responses to emotional and physical stressors are reduced in late pregnancy. Here, experiments were designed to investigate changes in the brain mechanisms underlying these reduced responses, with particular focus on adaptations at the level of the hypothalamus. The responsiveness of the HPA axis to the emotional stressors, restraint and maternal aggression were markedly reduced in late pregnant (day 21) rats. This was at least partly a result of reduced activation of the parvocellular paraventricular nucleus (pPVN) corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) and arginine vasopressin (AVP) neurones, as revealed by quantitative in situ hybridisation for CRH mRNA and AVP hnRNA expression. To seek changes in responses to immune challenge, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interleukin-lβ (IL-1β) were given acutely. Blood sampling from conscious rats revealed that the ACTH and corticosterone secretory responses to peripheral immune challenge are strongly attenuated in late pregnant rats. This was found to be a consequence of the CRH neurones being stimulated less by the stressor in pregnancy, resulting in reduced drive to the anterior pituitary by CRH. IL-1β has been shown to act via a brainstem pathway from the nucleus of the tractus solitarus (NTS) to the PVN. IL-1β was found to activate Fos expression in NTS neurones similarly in virgin and pregnant rats, indicating that signalling between the NTS and the PVN neurones is interrupted in pregnancy, resulting in reduced activation of the HPA axis.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Bryant, Danielle Louise. "Developing optimism : a cognitive-behavioural intervention to reduce stress." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/7904.

Full text

Abstract:

Optimistic explanatory style refers to the way in which individual’s routinely attribute cause to the events in their lives (Ambramson et al., 1978) and can be successfully enhanced through the use of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) group-based workshops (Buchanan et al., 1999; Seligman et al., 2007). It has been successfully measured via the self-report Attributional Style Questionnaire (ASQ: Peterson et al., 1982) and has been associated with better performance and lower levels of state anxiety following negative feedback (Martin-Krumm et al., 2003), a lower incidence of stress-related physical illness (Jackson et al., 2002; Buchanan et al., 1999), and lower levels of job-related emotional distress (Hershberger et al., 2000). In 2005, teaching was identified as the second most stressful job undertaken within the UK (Johnson et al., 2005) and two independent reviews of the teacher-stress literature both concluded that further research is required to develop effective stress-management interventions (Kyriacou, 2000; Jarvis, 2002). Furthermore, Jarvis (2002) specifically highlights CBT-based interventions as an avenue which requires research within the teacher-stress domain. In 2005, Bryant (unpublished MSc thesis) highlighted a link between optimistic explanatory style and lower levels of stress in student Physical Education (PE) teachers who were undergoing the practicum element of their one-year postgraduate diploma of education. The current thesis explored the effectiveness of a CBT-based optimism training programme in developing optimism and reducing stress in student and neophyte PE teachers. A longitudinal, repeated-measures, mixed methods design was employed in a naturalistic setting. Using a pre-test, intervention, post-test design, the effects of CBT-based training were shown to enhance optimism and positive affectivity, and reduce cognitive stress in student teachers during the practicum element of their professional training. To strengthen causal links, a dose-response design was used to provide enhanced training to a sub-group of student teachers. Although differences in optimism and perceived cognitive stress were present in the results, they were not significant. Finally, a qualitative interview based follow-up study identified that participants who had received the prolonged CBT-based optimism training exhibited higher levels of optimistic explanatory style, lower levels of stress and more dispositional optimism than participants who received either the initial or no optimism training. Theoretical and practical implications of the current findings and directions for future research are discussed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Alghaswyneh, Sawsan A. I. "Teacher stress among Tawjihi teachers in Jordan and their adopted coping strategies to reduce stress." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2012. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/17520/.

Full text

Abstract:

There has been increasing interest in occupational stress during the last two decades. While studies have been carried out in developed countries, few have been conducted in developing countries, particularly in the field of education. Since 1970s, the topic of teacher stress has generated more interest among researchers who initially studied stress in teachers in different school settings all around the world. This research study was necessitated by a general lack of knowledge about teacher stress in general, and stress in Tawjihi teachers, particularly in Jordan. The study was conducted with Tawjihi teachers (12th grade), in the city of Karak, Jordan to explore levels of stress and the main sources of stress. It also explored coping strategies adopted by them and actions that should be taken by schools and the MOE to reduce teacher stress. This research consisted of two phases. Phase one was a survey using a self-administered questionnaire involving a sample of 513 Tawjihi teachers (229 male teachers and 284 female teachers), where 314 Tawjihi teachers replied to the questionnaire with a response rate of 73.68%. Phase two was a qualitative study using semi-structured interviews based on an open-ended interview schedule. Twelve Twajihi teachers, as well as sixteen other education staff, have been interviewed, which resulted in a 60.87% response rate. Overall, results indicated approximately 95% of Tawjihi teachers revealed their work as a Tawjihi teacher was extremely to mildly stressful. Only 4.8% of Tawjihi teachers reported being a Tawjihi teacher was not stressful. The findings also showed some sources of stress Tawjihi teachers revealed were limited to them, and yet others were common among teachers in other countries. Results also showed some of the adopted coping strategies were limited to Tawjihi teachers, while others were shared with teachers in other countries. The finding regarding coping strategies also showed that Tawjihi teachers tend to use indirect actions more often than direct actions. No significant differences in the level of stress in Tawjihi teachers due to gender, age, teaching experience, qualification and marital status were found. Moreover, significant positive correlations were found between the level of stress and each main source of stress. Tawjihi teachers also revealed the actions they desire schools and the MOE to take to help them reduce stress. The increased understanding of the levels of stress, its sources, adopted coping strategies and the actions that should be taken by schools and the MOE to reduce stress will hopefully make a significant contribution to the knowledge of teacher stress, not only in Jordan particularly, but in other countries generally.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Skoglund, Oskar, and Daniel Samvin. "Design of slender steel members : A comparison between the reduced stress method and the effective width method." Thesis, KTH, Bro- och stålbyggnad, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-189029.

Full text

Abstract:

As of now, the most common way in Sweden, to address the issue of local buckling of steelstructures is through the procedure called the effective width method. A less commonprocedure for dealing with local buckling is the reduced stress method. The benefit of thelatter method is that, when combined with finite element analysis, results in a less tediousdesign process. However, this method is often labelled as a method that results in anoverconservative design. Therefore, the purpose of this report is to compare and evaluate thereduced stress method against the effective width method and nonlinear finite elementmethod. The nonlinear FE-analyses are performed with intention of simulating the realbehaviour of the structure and serve as a reference for the other two methods. The comparisonis conducted through a series of analyses, on different steel members with various loadconfigurations and slenderness in order to include the most common cases in the constructionindustry. This report resulted in recommendations for when the reduced stress method couldbe a relevant design procedure, with emphasis on providing reliable and accurate resultscompared to FE-analyses. Furthermore, the report resulted in proposed further studies, bothregarding the improvement of the reduced stress method and other structural elements thatshould be studied. The result from the report indicates that the reduced stress method can beused when the effect of patch loading is small. Furthermore, it is recommended to obtain thecritical stresses from a linear finite element analysis rather than from hand calculations, as tonot end up with over-conservative results.
I Sverige behandlas problemet med lokal buckling av stålkonstruktioner vanligtvis med hjälpav den effektiva bredd metoden, vilket är en dimensionergsmetod som återfinns i Eurocode.En ytterligare dimensionerings metod för lokal buckling som presenteras i Eurocode är denreducerade spänningsmetoden. Den senare nämnda metoden är fördelaktig då den kombinerasmed linjära finita element analyser, vilket resulterar i en mindre tidskrävandedimensioneringsprocess. Dock är metoden känd för att ofta resultera i överdimensioneradekonstruktioner, vilket bidragit till att mindre antal konstruktörer använder sig av denna metod.Syftet med denna rapport blir därmed att jämföra och utvärdera den reduceradespänningsmetoden gentemot den effektiva bredd metoden och olinjär finita element metoden.De olinjära finita element analyserna genomfördes med syfte att simulera det verkligabeteendet och för att sedan jämföra dessa resultat med de två andra metoderna. Analyser harutförts på flera stålbalkar med olika lastkombinationer och slankhet för att inkludera devanligaste fallen inom byggindustrin. Dessutom har det tagits fram några rekommendationerför användningen av metoderna och dessa är presenterade med avseende på de erhållnaresultaten. Rekommendationer för den reducerade spänningsmetoden har presenterats ochytterligare studier gällande dessa metoder och andra konstruktionselement har föreslagits. Deslutsatser som kunde dras är att den reducerade spänningsmetoden kan användas förkonstruktioner som inte påverkas i allt för stor grad av intryckning. För att ge tillförliterligaresultat så rekommenderas att kritiska spänningar erhålles från linjära finita element analyser.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Howe, David. "Evidence-Based Education Program to Reduce Nurse Manager Burnout." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5478.

Full text

Abstract:

Nurse managers face numerous challenges and stressors in their daily practice. The support services offered to managers to facilitate coping in stressful situations vary among employers and may be ineffective depending on the stressors faced. Implementation of evidence-based best practices may positively impact nurse managers' ability to manage stress. The purpose of this project was to develop an evidence-based stress reduction education program to empower nurse managers to handle work-related stressors and reduce burnout. The primary theory used to inform this project was the job demands-resource model, which explains how job demands and resources have multiple effects on job stress, ultimately impacting a worker's level of engagement. Sources of evidence included peer-reviewed journals, evidence-based studies, and published documents or programs. Education was synthesized based upon evidence obtained during the literature review. Consistent with the evidence, topics covered in the education were; nurse manager-initiated methods of stress reduction, methods of modifying a workplace environment to decrease stress, nurse manager peer support, senior leadership involvement in nurse manager stress reduction, and the inclusion of future leader development as a stress management method. The focused learning objectives were nurse manager specific, measurable, and supportive of an adult learner. The social change impacted by this project will be derived from fostering a nurse managers ability to better cope with stressful situations, thus enhancing their role as a nursing leader.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Reynolds, Shirley. "A comparative evaluation of interventions to reduce stress at work." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.310946.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Rojano, Aguilar Fernando. "Computational Modeling to Reduce Impact of Heat Stress in Lactating Cows." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/272838.

Full text

Abstract:

Climatic conditions inside the dairy barn do not concern dairy farmers until those conditions begin to affect productivity and, consequently, profits. As heat and humidity increase beyond the cow's comfort levels, milk production declines, as does fertility and the welfare of the cow in general. To reinforce the cooling mechanisms currently used, this work proposes an alternative system for reducing the risk of heat stress. This innovative conductive cooling system does not depend on current weather conditions, and it does not require significant modifications when it is installed or during its operation. Also, the system circulates water that can be reused. Given that a review of the literature found very few related studies, it is suggested that each freestall be equipped with a viable prototype in the form of a waterbed able to exchange heat. Such a prototype has been simulated using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and later verified by a set of experiments designed to confirm its cooling capacity. Furthermore, this investigation sets the foundation for modeling temperature in a water supply system linked to the waterbeds. EPANET, a software program developed by the Environmental Protection Agency, simulates the hydraulic model. Its Water Quality Solver has been modified according to an analogy in the governing equation that compares mass to heat transfer and serves to simulate water temperature as the water is transported from its source to the point of delivery and then as it returns to the same source.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Monteleone, Brian R. "Cognitive-affective stress management training to reduce competitive anxiety in athletes." Virtual Press, 2001. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1203653.

Full text

Abstract:

This study examined the effects of Cognitive-Affective Stress Management Training in reducing cognitive and somatic anxiety, while increasing self-confidence and athletic performance in a sample of male (n=10) and female (n=23) high school and college athletes. Only participants scoring moderate to high for trait anxiety on the Sport Competition Anxiety Test (Martens, 1977) were involved in the program. Cognitive-Affective Stress Management Training (CASMT) was a three week, six session program conducted during the preseason. Participants were randomly assigned to three groups (i.e., no treatment control group, treatment group, and one treatment group that met for one hour at mid-season to review the program, answer any questions, and refine any deficient skills). The athletes were administered the Competitive Sport Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2) (Martens, Vealey, Burton, 1990) at preseason, at mid-season, and at the end of the season and their athletic performance times were recorded similarly. A multivariate approach to repeated measures was used to analyze the Competitive Sport Anxiety Inventory -2 and athletic performance data. Participants receiving CASMT did not significantly reduce their cognitive and somatic anxiety nor increase self-confidence. A significant main effect was found for athletic performance between the two treatment groups. More specifically, the treatment group receiving a "tune-up" session at midseason had significantly lower (i.e., faster times) than the treatment group that did not have a "tune-up". However, this difference represents a randomization problem since this difference existed prior to any treatment. No statistical differences were found between the treatment groups and the control group. Limitations of the present study include sample size, under-representation of males in the sample, time of CSAI-2 administration, and the variable length of seasons among the four teams. It is recommended that future research in this area extend the use of "tune-ups" during the season, assess the direction of perceived competitive anxiety, compare multiple performance variables, and utilize psychological interventions that can be extended beyond the athletic environment.
Department of Educational Studies

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Mesquita, Sara Raquel Amaral. "Biochar amendment as a strategy to reduce hydric stress in Eucalyptus." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/14041.

Full text

Abstract:

Mestrado em Biologia Aplicada
Atmospheric CO2 concentrations are higher than any time in the last decades, resulting in global warming along with general climactic changes. Drought stress is one of the most important effect of climactic alterations and directly disrupts water and carbon fluxes, with effects on primary production and terrestrial ecosystems equilibrium. It affects plants at different levels depending on intensity, duration and progression of drought, leading to responses at physiological, biochemical and molecular levels. The biochar application to the soils as a mitigation agent, by enhancing water and nutrient availability, has been well documented. Assuming the economic importance of Eucalyptus globulus in Portugal and the rising demand of dry periods in mediterranic region, the main goal of this study was to evaluate the ability of biochar to reduce the stress effects in Eucalyptus globulus plants, under water limiting conditions. We also evaluate the application of fertilizers in plant performance and the conjugation of both. For this propose, 136 plants of Eucalyptus globulus were subjected to a 6 weeks period assay, divided by 2 groups (well watered – 80% of field capacity and water stress - 30% of field capacity), which one with 4 treatments: without biochar, with biochar (6%), without biochar+fertilizer and with biochar+fertilizer. At the end of the experimental period, the plants were evaluated at morphological, physiological and biochemical levels. Our results showed a significant decrease in most of analysed parameters with water limitation, as gas exchanges, hydric potential, height, transpiration, lateral branches, leaf area and number of leaves, photosynthesis (except WSb), above ground biomass (fresh and dry) and weight of roots, suggesting that the water limitations severely affect plants performance. Biochar application improve leaf area and photosynthesis rates along with decreases the total soluble sugars content and slight higher values of water potential, suggesting that in water stress conditions it is beneficial to applied biochar into soils to enhance their ability to store and use water, reducing overall stress levels in the plants. In well watered conditions, the biochar showed wilting signals In well watered conditions the use of biochar promoted lower photosynthetic rates and lower values of all morphological parameters as above ground biomass, number of lateral branches and leaf area when compared with nutrients application, along with apical wilting signals suggesting that in in well water conditions, the use of biochar is not a better option. The results of conjugation of both biochar and fertilizers were contradictory. In well water conditions we found a higher values of Fv/Fm along with chlorophylls and lower values of number of leaves, leaf area, photosynthesis and TSS. Otherwise, in water stress conditions and besides the lower performance in all gas exchanges parameters, we noticed higher above ground biomass, when compared with biochar and fertilizer applied alone. In conclusion, our results shows that biochar amend water limitation conditions in E.globulus, but is not a main value for plant performance in well water conditions or when applied together with fertilizer. In either case, further studies are needed.
As concentrações de CO2 atmosférico têm atingido níveis alarmantes nas últimas décadas resultando no aquecimento global em conjunto com alterações climatéricas generalizadas. O stress hídrico é uma das maiores consequências destas alterações, constituindo um disruptor direto dos fluxos hídricos e de carbono com efeitos na produção primária e equilíbrio de ecossistemas terrestres. Afeta as plantas a diferentes níveis dependendo da intensidade, duração e níveis de progressão, conduzindo a respostas a níveis fisiológicos, bioquímicos e moleculares. Estudos recentes, suportam a aplicação de biochar nos solos como estratégia de mitigação, visando promover a retenção de água e nutrientes. Assumindo a importância económica da espécie Eucalyptus globulus em Portugal e o crescente aumento de períodos de seca na região mediterrânica, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito de mitigação do biochar em Eucalyptus globulus sujeitos a limitação hídrica. Comparamos também o seu efeito com a utilização de fertilizantes sintéticos e da conjugação da utilização de ambos. Deste modo, 136 plantas de E.globulus foram sujeitas a um período experimental de 6 semanas, divididas por 2 grupos (sem limitação de água – 80% de capacidade de campo e com limitação de água – 30% de capacidade de campo), cada um constituído por 4 tratamentos: sem biochar, com biochar (6%), sem biochar+ fertilizante e com biochar+fertilizante. No final do ensaio, as plantas foram avaliadas ao nível morfológico, fisiológico e bioquímico. Os resultados deste estudo indicam um decréscimo na maioria dos parâmetros analisados em condições de limitação de água, nomeadamente ao nível das trocas gasosas, potencial hídrico, altura, níveis de transpiração, fotossíntese, número de folhas, área das folhas, peso de biomassa aérea e peso das raízes, o que sugere que a limitação de água afeta severamente a performance da planta. A aplicação do biochar promove o aumento de área das folhas e níveis fotossintéticos, juntamente com uma diminuição no conteúdo de açucares totais (TSS) e um ligeiro aumento dos valores de potencial hídrico, sugerindo que em condições limitantes de água, a aplicação de biochar a 6% promove a habilidade de retenção de água pelos solos, reduzindo os efeitos gerais de stress nas plantas. Em condições de controlo, sem limitação de água, as plantas sujeitas a aplicação de biochar apresentaram sinais atípicos de murchidão apical, bem como baixos níveis de fotossíntese e morfológicos gerais, quando comparados com a utilização de fertilizantes, nas mesmas condições, sugerindo que em condições de rega abundante a aplicação de fertilizante é preferível ao biochar. Os resultados da conjugação do biochar+ fertilizantes mostraram baixa performance da planta, comparativamente à aplicação em separado, nomeadamente ao nível da área folear, número de folhas, peso das raízes, fotossíntese, trocas gasosas e carotenoides, em condições de limitação de água. Em conclusão, os nossos resultados indicam que o biochar tem um efeito mitigante em condições de limitação de água para E.globulus, no entanto a sua aplicação não representa uma mais valia em condições de rega abundante ou quando aplicado em conjugação com fertilizantes.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Mbidoaka, Kate Chinyere. "Strategies to Reduce Effects of Organizational Stress in Health Care Workplaces." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4311.

Full text

Abstract:

Workplace stress has become a frequent occurrence in the race for competitive business advantage. This stress leads to negative physiological consequences in the workplace, causing productivity and profitability to suffer. The purpose of this single case study was to explore the stress management strategies that some health care business leaders used to reduce the effects of work-related stress on their employees to improve productivity. The interview process included 3 managers employed at a health care institution in Houston, Texas, with records of implementing successful strategies for mitigating the effects of workplace stress. The conceptual framework was job demands-resources model, pertinent to the research question to shape this study. Data collection occurred through: (a) face-to-face semistructured interviews, (b) document reviews including the policy and procedure manual, employee annual evaluations, returned satisfaction surveys; and (c) direct observations, using observational protocol. Using the exploratory standard data analysis process, coded input of interview transcripts produced emergent themes to reduce workplace stress including: (a) adequate work resources, (b) work-life balance, and (c) sound management responsibilities. Findings from this study indicate that business managers using these themes could mitigate some of the negative consequences of organizational stress. The data from this study may contribute to social change through conveying to healthcare functionaries anti-stress strategies, increasing community awareness, and making members of the communities healthier.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Love, Angela K. "Strategies to Reduce Employee Stress to Enhance Productivity in Credit Unions." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7819.

Full text

Abstract:

Some credit union leaders experience a reduction in productivity when employee stress is significant in the workplace. Credit union leaders noted employee stress increases costs and decreaseproductivity. This study might be important for business leaders seeking to reduce employee stress to enhance productivity. The purpose of this multiple case study was to explore strategies credit union leaders use to reduce employee stress to enhance productivity. The population comprised of 11 credit union leaders in western and midwestern states in the United States who have implemented successful strategies to reduce employee stress to enhance productivity. Job demands-resources theory was the conceptual framework. Data collection included face-to-face semistructured interviews, teleconferencing semistructured interviews, and company documents, while thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. The themes identified include a feedback-friendly work environment, a holistic approach to wellbeing, and a positive company culture. The implications for positive social change include credit union leaders' awareness to reduce employee stress to improve overall employee wellbeing that might lead to healthier relationships with coworkers, credit union members, family members, and friends.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Nickles, Kirsten R. "Pharmacological and Behavioral Weaning Strategies to Reduce Stress in Beef Calves." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu155508545882409.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Lepere, Alexus. "Can Coloring Reduce Stress and Increase Working Memory in the Elderly?" UNF Digital Commons, 2017. http://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/751.

Full text

Abstract:

This study explores whether the observed effects of coloring on anxiety and stress apply to the elderly. Two coloring activities were administered to elderly participants to evaluate the effects on stress, anxiety, and working memory. The Mini Mental State Examination was used to establish cognitive level. The Perceived Stress Scale and Brief State Trait Anxiety Inventory were administered to obtain pretest and posttest scores on stress and anxiety levels. Working memory was measured using the Backward Digit Recall to test if the potential calming effects improve working memory. A near significant increase in stress scores was demonstrated in the mandala condition. Also, a significant increase was found in backward digit recall scores in the doodling condition. The mandala difficulty and allotted time may negate the anticipated calming effects. Those wanting to implement art therapy should provide the required materials, then allow participants to self-select the activity, and time to dedicate.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Schwartz, Amanda Cornell. "Social buffering by God can prayer reduce stress in an experimental setting? /." Click here to access thesis, 2007. http://www.georgiasouthern.edu/etd/archive/spring2007/amanda_c_schwartz/schwartz_amanda_c_200701_ms.pdf.

Full text

Abstract:

Thesis (M.S.)--Georgia Southern University, 2007.
"A thesis submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Georgia Southern University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of Science." Under the direction of Janie H. Wilson. ETD. Electronic version approved: May 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 47-52) and appendices.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Zimbelman, Rosemarie Burgos. "Management Strategies to Reduce Effects of Thermal Stress on Lactating Dairy Cattle." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195322.

Full text

Abstract:

Two strategies to reduce impact of heat stress on high producing dairy cows were examined. The first was to recalculate the temperature-humidity index (THI) using high producing dairy cows under diurnal summer conditions. This re-evaluation confirmed that current THI values underestimate the severity of heat stress levels. Therefore, cooling of dairy cattle during warm summer months should begin at a THI of 68. Previously, a THI equal to or greater than 72 has been used to define onset of heat stress. This study demonstrated that a THI greater than or equal to 68 is sufficient to increase body heat storage, respiration rate, skin evaporative heat loss, declines in feed intake and milk yield. A second objective involved three studies carried out to evaluate use of niacin in dairy cow rations to improve evaporative heat loss and resistance to heat stress. Niacin is known to cause intense vasodilation in human and lab species. We hypothesized that increasing vasodilation would improve evaporative heat loss in dairy cows. In the first niacin study, supplementation of lactating dairy cows with an encapsulated rumen by-pass form of niacin (NIASHURE™; Balchem Corporation, New Hampton, NY) at a dose of 12 g/d proved effective in alleviating some affects of heat stress during mild thermal stress. We hypothesized that encapsulated niacin would induce vasodilation effects documented in humans and lab animals increasing evaporative heat loss. Past research demonstrated that the possible mechanism for vasodilation affects seen by niacin were most likely due to prostaglandin D secretions. Niacin may act through increased prostaglandin D and E production and secretion by Langerhans cells which then act upon vascular endothelial prostaglandin D receptors to increase vasodilation. No studies have evaluated impact of encapsulated niacin on milk yield and composition during periods of thermal stress under commercial dairy conditions. The objective of the last study was to examine the effects of encapsulated niacin during heat stress on milk production and composition as well as core body temperatures under commercial conditions.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Chambers, Andrea Suzanne. "Relaxation During Pregnancy to Reduce Stress and Anxiety and Their Associated Complications." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195435.

Full text

Abstract:

Stress and anxiety during pregnancy predict perinatal complications over the course of pregnancy and labor as well as premature birth and low infant birth weight. The current study examined whether relaxation training provided to women at the beginning of the 2nd trimester could reduce stress and anxiety and assessed the impact of the intervention on perinatal complications, premature delivery, and infant outcomes at birth. Twenty-six moderately anxious pregnant women between 14 and 20 weeks gestation participated in the treatment study. Women completed a baseline laboratory assessment that involved questionnaires and a psychophysiological assessment. They were randomized to receive either six weeks of relaxation training or a list of tips for reducing stress (control). Women repeated the laboratory tasks post-treatment (Time 2) and again between 34 and 36 weeks gestation (Time 3). The treatment condition did not lead to greater mood change than the control condition at either Time 2 or 3. Several analyses, however, suggest relaxation training has the potential for reducing negative mood and complications over the course of pregnancy. Moderator analyses also revealed the treatment more efficacious for those with greater physiological flexibility.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Knox, Andrew Mark. "The Effect of Cooling the Head to Reduce Brain Temperature on Stress." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Psychology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/8186.

Full text

Abstract:

Stress is associated with a vast array of negative outcomes for both physical and mental health. Based on evidence that stress influences temperature, and that psychology and physiology influence each other, we investigated the novel possibility that reducing brain temperature reduces stress in a sample of 91 university students. We used head fanning to reduce brain temperature and measured this change with an infrared ear thermometer. Participants were randomly assigned so that the fans faced toward half of the participants (cooling condition) and faced away from the other half (non-cooling control condition). Differences in stress between conditions during the Vandenberg and Kuse (1978) Mental Rotations Test were then examined to test the hypotheses that (a) cooling would buffer stress and (b) that this would be mediated by changes in brain temperature, as indicated by ear temperature. Participants in the cooling condition were less stressed (p = .02) and also performed better (p = .03) during the task but neither of these findings were mediated by ear temperature. Thus, some uncontrolled variable(s), and not changes in temperature, may have been responsible for the effect of cooling on stress. Alternatively, error in measuring brain temperature may have obscured the hypothesised causal relationship between temperature and stress. More research is needed to confirm whether cooling the head is a simple way to manage stress.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Cozzolino, Luis D. "Finite element analysis of localised rolling to reduce residual stress and distortion." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2013. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/8428.

Full text

Abstract:

Fusion welding processes cause residual stress due to the uneven heat distribution produced by the moving welding torch. These residual stresses are characterised by a large tensile component in the welding direction. Due to the self-equilibrated nature of the residual stress, compressive ones are present in the far field next to the weld seam, which can cause different kind of distortion such as bending or buckling. Welding residual stress can be responsible of premature failure of the components, such as stress crack corrosion, buckling, and reduction of fatigue life. Localised rolling is a stress engineering technique that can be used to reduce the residual stress and distortion caused by welding. It induces plastic strain in the rolling direction, counteracting the plastic strain produced during welding. In this thesis three techniques were investigated, pre-weld rolling, post-weld rolling, and in situ rolling. These techniques have been seldom studied in the past, particularly pre-weld rolling; consequently the mechanisms are poorly understood. Finite element models allow stress and strain development during both welding and rolling processes to be better understood, providing an improved understanding of the mechanisms involved and aiding process development. A literature survey was done to find the state of the art of the computational welding mechanics simulations, stress management, and the residual stress measurement techniques, as well as the knowledge gaps such as, the thermal losses through the backing-bar in the thermal simulation, the frictional interaction in the rolling process, and the material properties of the steel used in the models. In the literature not many models that investigate the management of welding residual stress were found. After this, the general considerations and assumptions for the welding thermal mechanical models presented in this thesis were discussed. The effect of different backing-bar conditions, as well as different material properties where investigated. Both influenced the residual stress profile to varying degrees. In particular, temperature dependent heat loss to the backing-bar was necessary to capture the improved heat loss near the weld. The distortion predicted by the model was investigated to determine whether it was due to bending or buckling phenomena. Lastly, the temperature distribution and residual stress predictions were validated against thermocouple and neutron diffraction measurements conducted by Coules et al. [1–3]. Pre-weld rolling was the first of the three rolling methods considered, in which rolling is applied to the plates before performing GMA butt-welds. The principle behind this technique consisted in inducing tensile residual stress in the weld region before welding; therefore, it is similar to mechanically tensioning the weld, which can significantly reduce the residual stress and distortion. However, there was no significant change in the tensile residual stresses. On the other hand, it was possible to achieve a small reduction in the distortion, when the plates were rolled on the opposite surface to the weld; rolling in this way induced distortion in the opposite direction to the distortion induced by welding, reducing the magnitude of the latter. These results were compared with experiments conducted by Coules et al. [1,4]. A subsequent investigation combined pre-weld rolling with post-weld heating. With this additional process the residual stress and distortion were significantly reduced, and flatter residual stress profile was achieved. The post-weld rolling and in situ rolling techniques were discussed afterwards. In the post-weld rolling models, rolling was applied after the weldment was cooled to room temperature. In in situ rolling the roller was applied on top of the weld bead at some distance behind the torch, while it was still hot. The principle behind these techniques consisted in applying positive plastic strain to the weld bead region by a roller, counteracting the negative plastic strains produced in the welding process. Two roller profiles were investigated, namely, grooved, and double flat rollers. The post-weld rolling on top of the weld bead models, which used the grooved roller, showed good agreement against experimental results, producing a large reduction of the residual stress and distortion. Some discrepancies were present when the weld toes were rolled with the dual flat roller. The former roller was more efficient for reducing residual stress and distortion. The influence of different friction coefficients (between the roller and weldment, and between the backing-bar and the weldment), were investigated. It showed significant dependency on the residual stress distribution when high rolling loads were used. The frictional interaction constrained the contact area inducing more compressive stress in the core of the weld bead; therefore it produced more tensile residual stress in the surface of the weldment. Additionally, the influence of rolling parameters on the through-thickness residual stress variation was investigated. Low loads only influence the residual stress near the surface, while high loads affected the material through the entire thickness. When the dual flat roller was used to roll next to the weld bead, significant compressive residual stress was induce in the weld bead; however, the residual stress reduction was very sensitive to the contact of the roller to the weld toes; therefore, when rolling a weld bead that varies in shape along the weld, the residual stress reduction is not uniform and varies along the length. On the other hand, the in situ rolling did not produced significant residual stress or distortion reduction in all the cases analysed. The rolling occurred when the material was still hot and the residual stress was subsequently formed as the material cooled to room temperature. Numerical modelling was a very useful tool for understanding the development of stress and plastic strain during the welding and rolling processes.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Southard, Houston. "The Advantage of Hypocrisy| Using Dissonance to Improve Exercise Habits and Reduce Stress." Thesis, Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10125487.

Full text

Abstract:

The current study investigated whether hypocrisy-induction – a burgeoning method of cognitive dissonance therapy – acts to increase physical exercise habits and reduce stress, as well as how physical exercise mediates the relationship between hypocrisy-induction and perceived stress, and whether self-esteem moderates the relationship between hypocrisy-induction and physical exercise. Using questionnaires and manipulations, this study measured participants’ (both work and non-work) stress, self-esteem, physical exercise habits, and physical exercise intentions. Fifty-four undergraduate students enrolled in Psychology 111 at a small Midwest university were randomly assigned to a control or treatment condition and surveyed on several constructs before being put through manipulations, and were then surveyed online four weeks following the experiment. Results supported some hypotheses, revealing that: as individuals exercise more, they perceive less stress; individuals who had their hypocrisy induced perceived less stress than those who hadn’t; hypocrisy-induction did not affect physical exercise habits or intentions; and those with higher self-esteem are more affected by hypocrisy-induction than those with lower self-esteem. Ultimately, these results highlight the potential efficacy and versatility for hypocrisy-induction to generalize onto improving prosocial behavior.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Lawson, Inez Ilicia. "Invertebrate Community Composition Across Inundation Regimes and Its Potential to Reduce Plant Stress." PDXScholar, 2017. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3891.

Full text

Abstract:

Appreciation of the ecological and economic values associated with healthy salt marshes has led to a recent rise in the number of marshes that are being targeted for restoration by dike removal. The success of restoration is often measured by the return of marsh plants, though this overlooks a key component of salt marshes, that of the invertebrate community within marsh sediments. To evaluate the short-term recovery of these invertebrates, sediment cores were collected across an elevational gradient in a recent dike removal marsh, one and two years post removal, and a nearby reference marsh. Abundance, richness and diversity as well as morphospecies community composition were compared across treatment groups (Reference, Removal) and elevation zone (High Marsh, Low Marsh). Morphospecies richness, abundance and diversity were significantly higher in Low Marsh samples than in High Marsh samples, though no statistically significant differences were found across treatments of the same elevation (e.g., Reference Low Marsh versus Removal Low Marsh). Pair-wise ANOSIM results found significant differences between community compositions across treatments, specifically Reference Low Marsh and Removal Low Marsh. The marsh edge, the lowest point of vascular plant growth before transitioning to tide flats, is considered a high stress environment for emergent vegetation. Plant establishment and survival in this low elevation zone is limited by the tolerance to inundation duration and frequency and anoxic sediments. Bioturbation and burrowing by macroinvertebrates increases the surface area exposed to surface water for gas exchange, increasing the depth of the redox potential discontinuity layer. Crabs that make stable, maintained burrows have been shown to increase oxygen penetration into sediment, improving plant productivity. Such crabs are not found in salt marshes of the Pacific Northwest of North America. However, other burrowing invertebrates may have a positive impact on plant health in these areas by reducing abiotic stress due to anoxic sediments, thereby allowing plants to establish and survive lower in the intertidal zone. To assess this potential relationship, study plots of Distichlis spicata were selected at equivalent elevations at the lowest point of plant establishment at the marsh edge. Focal plant rhizomes were severed from upland ramets and assigned an invertebrate abundance treatment based on a visual burrow count surrounding each plant (9 cm diameter). Focal plants were visited monthly from July to September 2016, plant health variables of chlorophyll content and chlorophyll fluorescence (photosynthetic efficiency), and sediment ORP readings were collected. Plant survivorship was significantly higher in plots with invertebrates, 96% of plants in 'With Invertebrate' plots and 50% of plants in 'No Invertebrates' plots survived the duration of the study. Plant health (chlorophyll content and chlorophyll fluorescence) generally increased with increased invertebrate presence though, not statistically significant. There may be potential for improved plant productivity and resilience to plants at the marsh edge due to invertebrate burrowing activity. This benefit could help mitigate projected losses in plant productivity due to sea level rise, though more research is needed to investigate the mechanism by which these invertebrates confer a health benefit to plants at the marsh edge.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Names, Benjamin Joseph. "An Efficient Reduced Order Modeling Method for Analyzing Composite Beams Under Aeroelastic Loading." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/71676.

Full text

Abstract:

Composite materials hold numerous advantages over conventional aircraft grade metals. These include high stiffness/strength-to-weight ratios and beneficial stiffness coupling typically used for aeroelastic tailoring. Due to the complexity of modeling composites, designers often select safe, simple geometry and layup schedules for their wing/blade cross-sections. An example of this might be a box-beam made up of 4 laminates, all of which are quasi-isotropic. This results in neglecting more complex designs that might yield a more effective solution, but require a greater analysis effort. The present work aims to show that the incorporation of complex cross-sections are feasible in the early design process through the use of cross-sectional analysis in conjunction with Timoshenko beam theory. It is important to note that in general, these cross-sections can be inhomogeneous: made up of any number of various materials systems. In addition, these materials could all be anisotropic in nature. The geometry of the cross-sections can take on any shape. Through this reduced order modeling scheme, complex structures can be reduced to 1 dimensional beams. With this approach, the elastic behavior of the structure can be captured, while also allowing for accurate 3D stress and strain recovery. This efficient structural modeling would be ideal in the preliminary design optimization of a wing structure. Furthermore, in conjunction with an efficient unsteady aerodynamic model such as the doublet lattice method, the dynamic aeroelastic stability can also be efficiently captured. This work introduces a comprehensively verified, open source python API called AeroComBAT (Aeroelastic Composite Beam Analysis Tool). By leveraging cross-sectional analysis, Timoshenko beam theory, and unsteady doublet-lattice method, this package is capable of efficiently conducting linear static structural analysis, normal mode analysis, and dynamic aeroelastic analysis. AeroComBAT can have a significant impact on the design process of a composite structure, and would be ideally implemented as part of a design optimization.
Master of Science

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Choiniere, Ashley Danielle. "Post-bottleneck inbreeding accumulation reduces fitness in laboratory populations of (Tribolium castaneum) under environmental stress." College Park, Md.: University of Maryland, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/8986.

Full text

Abstract:

Thesis (M.S.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2008.
Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Animal and Avian Sciences. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Tea, Jonathan. "Social Stress Reduces Cellular Proliferation and Neurogenesis in the Forebrain of Male Zebrafish (Danio Rerio)." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/36903.

Full text

Abstract:

Many animals, including zebrafish (Danio rerio), form social hierarchies as a result of competition for limited resources. Socially subordinate fish experience chronic activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-interrenal (HPI) axis, leading to prolonged elevation of plasma cortisol, the glucocorticoid end-product of HPI axis activation. Elevated cortisol levels can reduce cellular proliferation and neurogenesis in the brain. Thus, the present study tested the hypothesis that social stress suppresses cellular proliferation in the brain of subordinate zebrafish via a cortisol-mediated mechanism. Cellular proliferation was assessed using the incorporation of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU), a thymidine analogue, as a marker. After 48 and 96 h of social interaction, significantly lower numbers of BrdU-positive cells were present in the forebrain of subordinate male zebrafish compared to dominant or control fish, suggesting a suppression of cellular proliferation in fish experiencing chronic social stress. Treatment of interacting male zebrafish with metyrapone, a cortisol synthesis inhibitor, attenuated the suppression of cellular proliferation in subordinate fish. Subordinate female zebrafish did not experience elevation of plasma cortisol or suppression of cellular proliferation in the forebrain. Collectively, these data provide evidence that cortisol plays a role in regulating cellular proliferation in the forebrain of male zebrafish during social interactions.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Copestake, Claudia Catarina. "The impact of experiential avoidance on reduced positive emotional responsivity in post traumatic stress disorder." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/15419.

Full text

Abstract:

Experiential avoidance (EA), or the evasion of unpleasant internal experiences, is key to changes in emotional responsivity in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). EA has been linked to altered negative emotional reactivity in PTSD, but it remains unclear whether EA is linked to altered positive reactivity in PTSD, i.e. anhedonia. Therefore the study examined how manipulating EA influences emotional responsiveness in a non-clinical adult population (N=74). Positive emotion reactivity (self-report and psychophysiology) was measured before and after viewing a laboratory analogue trauma induction, with half of participants instructed to adopt the detached protector (DP) mode as an example of EA during trauma viewing and half of participants in an uninstructed control condition. Following the DP mode instructions reduced negative emotion experience during the trauma induction, relative to the control condition. However counter to prediction, there was no carry over onto blunted positive emotion experience or psychophysiological response in the experimental condition (relative to the control condition) when recalling positive memories and imagining positive future events. No significant relationships were identified between trait EA levels and anhedonia symptoms or pre-manipulation positive emotional responsiveness in the laboratory. Overall, the current findings offer no support for the hypothesis that EA contributes to anhedonia.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Badru, Mary Adejumoke. "A Clinical Practice Guideline to Reduce Behavioral Outbursts in Veterans with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4420.

Full text

Abstract:

In a Department of Veterans Affairs hospital on the East Coast of the United States, behavioral outbursts result in 2 out of 10 veterans dismissed from a posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) unit prior to completing the 6-week program. The purpose of this evidence-based quality improvement project was to create a clinical practice guideline (CPG) based on social cognitive theory (SCT) to provide new strategies for managing veterans with PTSD and to improve the confidence of the nurses in managing outbursts. The Star Model guided the project development with the Delphi method to achieve participant consensus, the AGREE II to assess the CPG quality, and the Generalized Self-Efficacy (GSE) scale to measure the change in participant knowledge and confidence. The literature was searched, compiled, assessed, and shared with 10 participants, registered nurses on the PTSD unit. Through the Delphi process, the participants achieved consensus (8/10) for the CPG, with two neutral participants. The GSE was administered pre- and post-test and analyzed using a paired t test to measure the mean differences of the GSE scores. The data was normally distributed to different scores to gauge the impact of the CPG development process on improving nursing knowledge and confidence was normally distributed [t(9) = -4.188, p < 0.05, &, t(9) = -2.714, p =0.003]. The data indicated a significant increase in participant knowledge about role of SCT, and confidence toward implementing the CPG into clinical practice. This project contributes to positive social change as nurses identified a clinical practice problem, transferred evidence about strategies from the literature into their clinical practice through a CPG, and implemented the CPG with the knowledge and confidence to impact patient care.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Friel, Patricia E. "Humor in life of a musical theatre production a catalyst to reduced stress and enhanced performance /." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=ucin1100888676.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Haase, Kristina. "Finite element analysis of orthopaedic plates and screws to reduce the effects of stress shielding." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28473.

Full text

Abstract:

The biological adaptation of bone to changes in its environment is a continual process known as bone remodeling. Although it has been well observed that mechanical stimuli are required to initiate the bone remodeling response, the exact stimuli and mechanisms of this process remain unknown. When bone's normal level of mechanical stimuli is disrupted localized areas of bone experience changes in their rate of remodeling, (i.e. a rate of change in net bone mass and porosity). In the case of fracture healing with the use of fixation devices, a reduction in mechanical stimuli can lead to bone resorption. This phenomenon, known as stress shielding, is a common cause of failure in fracture fixation of long-bones. Using finite element models, this thesis studies the effects of implant geometry and material properties in relation to stress shielding, by examining bone-implant interactions of stress and also strain energy density distributions as possible mechanical stimuli.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Gibson, Kelly M. "Water deficit in potato : limitations to photosynthesis in Solanum tuberosum L. cultivars differing in drought tolerance and the impact of reduced cytosolic fructose 1,6 bisphosphatase (FBPase) activity." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.246722.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Chávez, Rosas María Fe Yolanda, and Arias Lady Dennise Manco. "Efectos de un programa que utiliza la música como herramienta para reducir el estrés laboral." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/652225.

Full text

Abstract:

El objetivo de la presente investigación es poder determinar los efectos de un programa de intervención a través de la música como una herramienta para reducir el estrés dentro de una organización. La muestra estuvo conformada por 14 trabajadores de ambos sexos (21.43% hombres y 78.57% mujeres), con rangos de edad entre 21 a 29 años (M = 24.21, DE = 2.61 y CV = 10.76), las características más relevantes de la muestra fueron el grado de estudios, puesto de trabajo, lugar de procedencia y estado civil. El instrumento de medición fue la escala original del Cuestionario de Estrés Laboral que fue publicado por la OIT-OMS y el programa de intervención TMCYD creado por las autoras. En los resultados obtenidos, se encontró que el tamaño del efecto fue mayor en la dimensión de Superiores y Recursos (d=.83), en comparación a la dimensión Organización y Trabajo en Equipo (d=.47). Se concluye que la música tiene efectos sobre el estrés favoreciendo su reducción.
The objective of the present investigation is to be able to determine the effects of an intervention program through music as a tool to reduce stress within an organization. The sample was made up of 14 workers of both sexes (21.43% men and 78.57% women), with age ranges between 21 to 29 years (M = 24.21, SD = 2.61 and CV = 10.76), the most relevant characteristics of the sample were the degree of studies, job, place of origin and marital status. The measuring instrument was the original scale of the Occupational Stress Questionnaire that was published by the ILO-WHO and the TMCYD intervention program created by the authors. In the results obtained, it was found that the effect size was greater in the Superiors and Resources dimension (d = .83), compared to the Organization and Teamwork dimension (d = .47). It is concluded that music has effects on stress favoring its reduction.
Tesis

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

FRIEL, PATRICIA E. "HUMOR IN THE LIFE OF A MUSICAL THEATRE PRODUCTION: A CATALYST TO REDUCED STRESS AND ENHANCED PERFORMANCE." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1100888676.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Ottman, M. J., and B. A. Kimball. "Invinsa Application to Reduce Water Stress Effects on Corn Growth and Yield at Maricopa, AZ, 2011." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/211154.

Full text

Abstract:

Invinsa blocks ethylene perception by plants and can reduce the negative effects of water stress on crop growth. The objective of this study is to measure the effect on corn growth and yield of Invinsa application at incipient water stress. A study was conducted at the University of Arizona Maricopa Agricultural Center where Invinsa was applied on 15 June and 20 June in blocks with adequate irrigation or deficit irrigation, which received no irrigation water for 10 days past incipient stress beginning on 15 June. Invinsa had inconsistent effects on corn growth and yield. The most notable effect of Invinsa, however, was an increase in total plant yield from 11.09 to13.43 t/a measured on 23 July and from 11.36 to 13.61 t/a measured on 13 Aug in the adequate irrigation block for Invinsa application on 15 June. However, Invinsa had no effect on final grain yield. The lack of a consistent response to Invinsa may be explained by the higher than optimum temperature at time of application or other unknown factors.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Ottman, M. J., and B. A. Kimball. "Invinsa Application to Reduce Water Stress Effects on Corn Growth and Yield at Maricopa, AZ, 2012." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/279376.

Full text

Abstract:

Invinsa blocks ethylene perception by plants and can reduce the negative effects of water stress on crop growth. The objective of this study is to measure the effect on corn growth and yield of Invinsa application at incipient water stress. A study was conducted at the University of Arizona Maricopa Agricultural Center where Invinsa was applied on 15 May in blocks with adequate or deficit irrigation. The deficit irrigation block received no irrigation water for 7 days past incipient stress beginning on 15 May, but otherwise received adequate water during the other parts of the season. Invinsa had little or no effect on crop growth measured at five different dates during the growing season. Invinsa had no effect on grain yield, grain moisture content, harvest index, ear number, kernels per ear, kernel weight, and silking date. We were not able to measure an effect of Invinsa on photosynthetic rate, conductance to water, intercellular CO2 concentration, vapor pressure deficit, or leaf temperature. However, Invinsa increased daily water use at various time periods, particularly in the adequate irrigation regime. The lack of a response this year to Invinsa, other than water use, is similar to the results from last year where no consistent response was measured. Invinsa has increased corn yield in other regions, and heat and/or water stress at the Maricopa may mask the effects of Invinsa or render it ineffective.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Walker, John Griffith. "Investigation of induced strain actuator patches implementing modeling techniques and design considerations to reduce critical stress." Thesis, This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-03042009-040453/.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Merritt, Amy R. "Preclinical yoga breathing and stretching exercises to reduce musculoskeletal pain and stress among dental hygiene students." The Ohio State University, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1619126775866158.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Reducera stress'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles