Log in

Relevant bibliographies by topics / Reducing agent / Journal articles

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Reducing agent.

Journal articles on the topic 'Reducing agent'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 18 June 2025

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Reducing agent.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.

1

Liu, Zuyu, and Zhizhong Wang. "Synthesis of a new water reducing agent." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 84, Feb 2007 (2007): 200–203. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5814829.

Full text

Abstract:

Department of Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, P. R. China <em>E-mail</em> : liuzuyu2005@sina.com <em>Manuscript received 4 April 2006, revised 7 December 2006, accepted 8 December 2006</em> The preparation of water reducing agents from phenanthrene waste has been studied by sulfonation, condensation, neutralization and recondensation. Reaction conditions were investigated by orthogonal test, and main technical parameters optimized. The optimum conditions were as follows : molar ratio of phenanthrene to sulfuric acid (1 : 2), sulfonation temperature (160 <sup>o</sup>C), sulfonation time (3 h), molar ratio of phenanthrene to formaldehyde (1 : 1), condensation temperature (80 <sup>o</sup>C), condensation time (3 h), molar ratio of phenanthrene to carbamide (1 : 0.005), recondensation temperature (80 <sup>o</sup>C). The study showed that the water reducing agent synthesized in the work was high effective.  

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Kushwaha, Babita, Sinenhlanhla Mthembu, Anamika Sharma, Fernando Albericio, and Beatriz de la Torre. "Serinol-Based Versatile Disulfide-Reducing Reagent." Molecules 28, no. 14 (2023): 5489. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28145489.

Full text

Abstract:

Here, we report the synthesis of disulfide-reducing agents 2-(dibenzylamino) propane-1,3-dithiol (DPDT) and 2-(dibenzylamino)-2-methylpropane-1,3-dithiol (DMPDT) from serinol and methyl serinol, respectively. DPDT was found to show greater stability than DMPDT. Hence, the effectiveness of DPDT as a reducing agent was evaluated in both liquid and solid phases. The reducing capacity of this agent was comparable to that of DTT.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Hideshima, S., and Y. Toda. "Chemistry of concrete admixtures 3. Water reducing agent and AE water reducing agent." Journal of the Society of Materials Science, Japan 34, no. 377 (1985): 242–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2472/jsms.34.242.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Qasim, Awais, Arslan Ghouri, and Adeel Munawar. "An effective approach for reducing data redundancy in multi-agent system communication." Multiagent and Grid Systems 20, no. 1 (2024): 69–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/mgs-230089.

Full text

Abstract:

The redundancy of the data is an active research topic. While an agent works in a multi-agent system, the number of messages between them increases. This is due to the fact that the functionalities data depends on other agents in terms of functional requirements. Typically, only one agent in a multi-agent system is responsible for accessing a database instead of replicating the database on each agent. A database is stored on multiple agents rather than a single agent to avoid a single point of failure. In this approach, the system has a higher load because one agent is responsible for all agent queries and must send duplicate messages to multiple agents, resulting in redundant data. In this research, we present Multi-Agent System for Commodity Data (MASCD) framework, the multi-agent system based communication using the distributed hash system, to reduce data redundancy in multi-agent system communication. Our anticipated method demonstrated how we divided the database names and efficiently distributed data to each agent. The database splitting is based on manufacturer names or product names. We utilize a table based on prime numbers. Through the hash function, we ascertain the index of the agent granted access to the relevant data. Each agent is accountable for its data. We use a Distributed Hash Table for efficient querying that stores data as key-value pairs. Each agent maintains a Finger Table containing the next and previous nodes for agent communication purposes. Using FIPA messages, we demonstrated how an agent could interact optimally. In conclusion, we illustrate the application of the proposed approach through a case study of mobile phones and university information systems.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Vanderesse, Régis, Yves Fort, Sandrine Becker, and Paul Caubere. "Activation of reducing agents. Sodium hydride containing complex reducing agents 22. New coupling reaction with “nickel doped” complex reducing agent." Tetrahedron Letters 27, no. 30 (1986): 3517–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0040-4039(00)84838-8.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Menger, Fredric M., Craig A. West, and Julia Ding. "A combinatorially developed reducing agent." Chemical Communications, no. 6 (1997): 633–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/a700259i.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Carfagna, C., A. Musco, R. Pontellini, and G. Terzoni. "MgH2 as a reducing agent." Journal of Molecular Catalysis 54, no. 2 (1989): L23—L26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-5102(89)80206-8.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Sneha, G. Nair, S. More Tushar, and R. Jadhav Vikram. "A Procedure Employing for Redox Titration: Balancing the Redox Chemical Equation in Acidic or Basic Medium." International Journal of Research and Review 7, no. 5 (2020): 99–102. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3938452.

Full text

Abstract:

Graduate and post graduate students find much more difficulty during the concept of the balancing redox chemical equation in acidic or basic medium. Teachers are well aware of the importance of the balancing redox chemical equation in both medium and also teaching difficulty associated with it. In an attempt to improving the understanding of the balancing the redox chemical equation with reduced difficulty, a mathematical approach that provides easier understanding has been developed and successfully employed in graduate and post graduate students. In this study, relation between an oxidising agent (Oxidant) and reducing agent (reductant) can be employed in redox chemical titration, using potassium permanganate (KMnO4) is an oxidant itself act as the indicator, during the titration of Cr (III) ion, as reducing agent with KMnO4, the second titration oxidation of H2O2, is used as a reducing agent against the KMnO4. Data obtained from titrations will lead to balancing each redox chemical equation in an acidic or basic medium.  

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Lai, Huazhen, Hao Chen, and Zhiqun Lin. "Study on mildew of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2174, no. 1 (2022): 012046. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2174/1/012046.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract In practical applications, polycarboxylic acid water-reducing agents are susceptible to microbial contamination and mildew. Through the mold test on the polycarboxylate water-reducing agent with different storage time, the effect of reaction temperature, chain transfer agent type, solid content, compound components and preservatives on the mildew of the polycarboxylate water-reducing agent is studied. The research results can provide technical guidance for long-term storage of polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer and have important application significance.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Lin, Yanmei. "Research on behavior mechanism and performance of concrete shrinkage reducing agent." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2390, no. 1 (2022): 012016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2390/1/012016.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract The research on the function and mechanism of shrinkage reducing agent shows that shrinkage reducing agents can greatly reduce the shrinkage rate of concrete without adversely affecting the mechanical properties of concrete. The mechanism of the shrinkage-reducing agent was tested and analyzed from the water evaporation rate of the solution and the surface tension of the solution. The results showed that the addition of the shrinkage reducing agent could significantly reduce the surface tension of the aqueous solution, and had little effect on the evaporation rate of the water on the surface of the aqueous solution; the surface tension test shows that the mechanism of shrinkage reducing agent reducing drying shrinkage is mainly to reduce the surface tension of pore solution; the analysis from the water evaporation rate test shows that shrinkage reducing agent has no significant effect on water evaporation inhibition, and inhibiting concrete moisture evaporation is not the most commonly used shrinkage reducing agent reduction mechanism.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Lv, Shiyi, Chuanxian Li, Xinyuan Li, et al. "Study on the Shear Degradation Law of Polymer Drag Reducing Agents." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2834, no. 1 (2024): 012089. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2834/1/012089.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract The use of drag reducing agents in oil pipeline transportation can reduce driving energy consumption and has certain energy-saving benefits. However, irreversible degradation occurs when polymer drag reducing agents are sheared through pumping. In order to study the viscosity loss of polymer drag reducing agents caused by mechanical shear during the pumping process, the combination of methods such as a rotational rheometer and an indoor drag reducing loop testing system was used to test and analyze the rheological and drag reducing properties of the drag reducing agent solution, and to study the shear degradation law of polymer drag reducing agent solution under different conditions. The results showed that the shear stress of the polymer drag reducing agent solution increased with the increase in shear rate, and the viscosity increased with the increase of shear stress, showing shear thickening. When the polymer drag reducing agent solution is not sheared, the drag reduction rate increases and then decreases with the increase of concentration, and reaches the maximum value at 20 mg·L−1. However, after shear, the drag reduction performance decreases rapidly, but the high concentration still maintains a good drag reduction rate. The research results provide a theoretical basis for improving the performance of polymer drag reducing agents under different operating conditions and play a guiding role in further improving and perfecting the polymer drag reducing technology.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Ma, Qi, Jin Ping Song, Shao Min Shuang, Yong Guo, and Chuan Dong. "Synthesis and Characterization of Graphene–Cu Nanocomposites by One-Pot Solvothermal Approach." Applied Mechanics and Materials 723 (January 2015): 524–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.723.524.

Full text

Abstract:

GN nanosheets decorated with Cu nanoparticles were synthesized based on one-pot method using PVP as a protective agent, ethylene glycol as a solvent and reducing agent without additional reducing agents.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Mai, Tam Thanh, Nhan Thuc Chi Ha, Van Thi Thanh Khuat, and Huy Thuc Ha. "Investigation of chemical reduction of graphene oxide with many reduced agents." Science and Technology Development Journal 18, no. 2 (2015): 197–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v18i2.1185.

Full text

Abstract:

Graphene based on graphite oxide prepared by chemical reduction method is always interesting for scientists since the early days of discovery of graphene. Many different reducing agents are recommended, however every reducing agent is only active on one type of functional groups on the structure of graphene oxide. For studying clearly the reducing ability of the chemical reducing agent, this research has focused on investigating the possibility of 3 reducing agents such as N2H4, NaBH4 and HI. Besides, polyethylene oxide is also used as modified agent to completely exfoliate of graphite oxide before continuing the reduction process. Based on spectral analysis methods such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), UV-Vis and Raman spectroscopy, we have demonstrated the reduced ability of each agent, and strong reducing agent is HI. Exfoliated structure of MGO-PEG and graphene is demonstrated by means of X-ray diffraction analysis and scanning (SEM) and transmittance (TEM) electron microscopy. The thermal analysis methods such as TGA and DSC also contribute to clarify the role of each reducing agent. Finally, the four-probe method was used to determine the sheets resistance of the graphene film: RGO-HI (120 Ω/square), RGO-Na (1300 Ω/square) and RGO-Hz (1500 Ω/square). This study contributes to clarify the reducing ability of N2H4, NaBH4 and HI on the same kind of graphene oxide that has not yet been studied.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Nemoto, H., S. Hirano, S. Date, and S. Hashimoto. "Stiffness Reducing Agent of Fresh Concrete." Concrete Journal 57, no. 1 (2019): 16–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3151/coj.57.1_16.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Zhenjiang, Li. "Sodium Borohydride - A Versatile Reducing Agent." Synlett 2005, no. 01 (2004): 182–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2004-837192.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Bjurulf, Per, Sven Carlström, and Gunne Rorsman. "Oberex, a New Appetite-reducing Agent." Acta Medica Scandinavica 182, no. 3 (2009): 273–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0954-6820.1967.tb11523.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Pesti, Jaan, and Gerald L. Larson. "Tetramethyldisiloxane: A Practical Organosilane Reducing Agent." Organic Process Research & Development 20, no. 7 (2016): 1164–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.oprd.6b00124.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Yang, Yinping, Horacio Falcao, Nuno Delicado, and Andrew Ortony. "Reducing Mistrust in Agent-Human Negotiations." IEEE Intelligent Systems 29, no. 2 (2014): 36–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mis.2013.106.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

YAMAMOTO, Saori, and Yugo TAKEUCHI. "Human-Agent Interaction Design for Reducing Indebtedness." Journal of Japan Society for Fuzzy Theory and Intelligent Informatics 27, no. 6 (2015): 898–908. http://dx.doi.org/10.3156/jsoft.27.898.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Zhang, Xingkai, and Junyan Zhang. "A new concept for electroless nickel plating: aluminium as reducing agent." RSC Advances 6, no. 36 (2016): 30695–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra01435f.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Yao, Ji Ming, and Chun Xiao Dou. "Ecological Sulphur Dyeing and Biotreatment for Cotton Fabric." Advanced Materials Research 955-959 (June 2014): 633–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.955-959.633.

Full text

Abstract:

Selected reducing agents were applied to cotton knitting dyeing with C.I. sulfur black 1, and followed by acid cellulase treatment. The K/S value, fuzz removal rate, sulphurs content of fabric and COD value of the residues was measured to evaluate the cellulase performance. The results show that minimum sulphur content detected when glucose was used as reducing agent, which exhibited maximum fuzz removal, whereas maximum sulphur content detected when sodium sulfide was used as reducing agent, which gave minimum fuzz removal. It is concludes that ecological sulfur black dyeing with sulphur-free reducing agent could decline the suphur content in the fabric and promote cellulase performance.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Huang, Chunlong, Zirui Cheng, Jihui Zhao, Yiren Wang, and Jie Pang. "The Influence of Water Reducing Agents on Early Hydration Property of Ferrite Aluminate Cement Paste." Crystals 11, no. 7 (2021): 731. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11070731.

Full text

Abstract:

The ferrite aluminate cement (FAC) could rapidly lose fluidity or workability due to its excessive hydration rate, and greatly reduce the construction performance. Chemical admixtures are commonly used to provide the workability of cement-based materials. In this study, to ensure required fluidity of FAC, chemically different water reducing agents are incorporated into the FAC pastes. The experiments are performed with aliphatic water reducing agent (AP), polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent (PC) and melamine water reducing agent (MA), respectively. Influence of the water reducing agents on fluidity, setting time, hydration process, hydration product and zeta potential of the fresh cement pastes is investigated. The results show that PC has a better dispersion capacity compared to AP and MA. Besides decreasing water dosage, PC also acts as a retarder, significantly increasing the setting times, delaying the hydration rate and leading to less ettringite in the hydration process of FAC particles. The water reducing agents molecules are adsorbed on the surface of positively charged minerals and hydration products, however, for PC, steric hindrance from the long side chain of PC plays a critical role in dispersing cement particles, whereas AP and MA acting through an electrostatic repulsion force.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Susanthy, Dian, Fadliah, Endang Tri Wahyuni, and Sri Juari Santosa. "Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using o-Hydroxybenzoic, p-Hydroxybenzoic, and o,p-Dihydroxybenzoic Acids as Reducing Agents." Materials Science Forum 901 (July 2017): 26–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.901.26.

Full text

Abstract:

Synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by reduction of AgNO3 with o-hydroxybenzoic, p-hydroxybenzoic and o,p-dihydroxybenzoic acids as reducing agents was investigated. This research was conducted to determine the effect of the position and number of hydroxyl groups towards the size, shape and stability of the resulted AgNPs. Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) of AgNPs was characterized by UV/Vis spectrophotometer, the shape and size of AgNPs was determined by Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). The results showed that the reducing agent that has substituents in the para position (p-hydroxybenzoic acid) has the higher reduction ability than the others. AgNPs were yielded by all types of reducing agents in alkaline system. Reducing agents which have greater number of substituents (o,p-dihydroxybenzoic acid) could produce AgNPs with smaller concentration of AgNO3 than the others. AgNPs that was produced by reducing agent having substituents on the para position (p-hydroxybenzoic acid) was more stable and smaller particle size, i.e. 34 ± 1.78 nm than reducing agent that has substituent on the ortho para positions (with particle size 45 + 3.67 nm) and ortho positions (with particle size 70 ± 4.96 nm).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Gao, Lin, Yan Shi, and Guo Qiang Xu. "Comparative Study on the Application of Naphthalene Water-Reducing Agent and Polycarboxylate Water-Reducing Agent in High-Performance Concrete." Advanced Materials Research 217-218 (March 2011): 522–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.217-218.522.

Full text

Abstract:

We respectively conduct performance contrast test on cement paste, cement mortar, and high-performance concrete which have been added naphthalene water-reducing agent and polycarboxylate water-reducing agent. Studies show that naphthalene water-reducing agent can better improve the performance of concrete and increase the fluidity of concrete to ensure its keeping slump. Meanwhile, the age strength and the growth rate of strength of concrete with mixing polycarboxylate water-reducing agent has been significantly improved than those of naphthalene water-reducing agent, which can better meet the strength requirements of concrete and get a bright application prospect that naphthalene water-reducing agent can not reach.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

MIYASHITA, Masaaki. "New reagents. V. Reducing reagents. Reducing agent: Na(PhSeB(OEt)3)." Journal of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan 48, no. 11 (1990): 1014–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.48.1014.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Lavande, Soham, Shraddha Jaiswal, Roshanee Deore, Jayant Pawar, and Vidya Tale. "Metal Nanoparticle Synthesis Using Fruit Extracts as Reducing Agents and Comparative Studies with a Chemical Reducing Agent." Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia 19, no. 2 (2022): 487–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bbra/3002.

Full text

Abstract:

Nanoparticle synthesis using plant extracts is biologically safe, cost-effective, and environment-friendly, hence attracting many researchers owing to its advantages over chemical or physical methods. In the current study copper and silver nanoparticles have been synthesized by chemical and biological methods (using fruit extract). The leftover fruits collected from the fruit vendors and were used for the study, such as guava (Psidium guajava L), and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) as a source of ascorbic acid, while lemon (Citrus limon (L.) Osbeck) and orange (Citrus X sinensis) as a source of citric acid. Quantification of ascorbic acid and citric acid present in fruit extract was performed by Iodometric and acid-base titrations, respectively, followed by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) to confirm their role in nanoparticle production. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by UV–visible (UV–VIS) spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The number of particles produced with fruit extract as a reducing agent was more compared to chemical methods. The size and structure of the synthesized nanoparticles produced using fruit extracts were similar to those produced chemically. Also, the antibacterial effect of Cu and Ag nanoparticles was seen against Escherichia coli and Streptococcus pyogenes strains.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Tsuchitani, T., and K. Saito. "Latest Trends in High-Range AE Water Reducing Agents (Single-Liquid Viscosity Agent Type, Shrinkage Reducing Type)." Concrete Journal 51, no. 3 (2013): 237–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3151/coj.51.237.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Xun, Wuju, Changlong Wu, Xuefei Leng, Jiye Li, Desheng Xin, and Yang Li. "Effect of Functional Superplasticizers on Concrete Strength and Pore Structure." Applied Sciences 10, no. 10 (2020): 3496. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10103496.

Full text

Abstract:

The current work investigates the fluidity and the loss of the flow rate of cement paste and mortar over time, as well as the pore structure and compressive strength of concrete and mortar in the presence of functional polycarboxylic acid high-performance water-reducing agents. The hydration rate, hydration products, and pore structure of the concrete containing different functional polycarboxylic acid superplasticizers were analyzed by means of mercury intrusion test, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results show that water-reducing agent Z significantly improves the pore structure of concrete and further compacts the structure of concrete and mortar, thereby improving the compressive strength of concrete. Moreover, the shorter side chains and ester functional groups in the structure of water-reducing agent H can slow down cement hydration rate, which lowers the early strength of mortar; nevertheless, at later stages, the pore structure of the concrete and mortar including superplasticizer H is less different from that of the concrete and mortar containing polycarboxylic acid water-reducing agents. Water-reducing agent J performs best but has a weaker effect on the pore structure of concrete and mortar compared to superplasticizer Z; it is also better than naphthalene-based water-reducing agents.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Malik, Najmus Saqib, and Albert Treytl. "SECURITY OPTIMIZATION FOR AGENT PLATFORMS AND REDUCING TURNAROUND TIME FOR MOBILE AGENTS." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 40, no. 22 (2007): 191–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3182/20071107-3-fr-3907.00026.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

ASO, Yoshio, Tsutomu NISHIOKA, Masahiro OSUKA, et al. "Reactions of benzenetellurol as a reducing agent." NIPPON KAGAKU KAISHI, no. 7 (1987): 1490–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1246/nikkashi.1987.1490.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Chatgilialoglu, C., D. Griller, and M. Lesage. "Tris(trimethylsilyl)silane. A new reducing agent." Journal of Organic Chemistry 53, no. 15 (1988): 3641–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo00250a051.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Lesage, M., J. A. Martinho Simoes, and D. Griller. "Triphenylsilane: a useful radical-based reducing agent." Journal of Organic Chemistry 55, no. 19 (1990): 5413–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo00306a024.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Keefer, Larry K., and George Lunn. "Nickel-aluminum alloy as a reducing agent." Chemical Reviews 89, no. 3 (1989): 459–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cr00093a002.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Yaragorla, Srinivasarao. "Lithium Aluminum Hydride: A Powerful Reducing Agent." Synlett 2008, no. 19 (2008): 3073–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2008-1067229.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Yoon, Nung Min, Jin Hee Ahn, Duk Keun An, and Young Seok Shon. "Sodium diethylpiperidinohydroaluminate, a new selective reducing agent." Journal of Organic Chemistry 58, no. 7 (1993): 1941–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo00059a058.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Agarwal, S. K., and Irshad Masood. "Water-reducing agent from coal tar waste." Construction and Building Materials 9, no. 3 (1995): 131–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0950-0618(94)00005-m.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Luidold, Stefan, and Helmut Antrekowitsch. "Hydrogen as a reducing agent: Thermodynamic possibilities." JOM 59, no. 10 (2007): 58–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11837-007-0133-1.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Baba, Akio, and Ikuya Shibata. "Dihaloindium hydride as a novel reducing agent." Chemical Record 5, no. 6 (2005): 323–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/tcr.20055.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Habibillah, Dikri. "Hydrilla Photosynthesis Process As Biochemical Reducing Agent." JOURNAL OF OCEANOGRAPHY AND AQUATIC SCIENCE 1, no. 2 (2023): 33–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.56855/joane.v1i2.339.

Full text

Abstract:

Photosynthesis is the process of synthesizing inorganic materials (CO2 and H2O) in pigmented plants with the help of solar energy. CO2 and H2O are substrates in photosynthesis reactions and with the help of sunlight and photosynthetic pigments consisting of chlorophyll and other pigments will produce iron and release oxygen. Basically, sequential reactions can be divided into two main parts, namely the light reaction (receives light) and the dark reaction (does not require light but requires carbon dioxide). Photosynthesis is influenced by many factors, both internal and external factors. Internal factors include the age of the leaves, the state of the stomata, and the type of plant. External factors include CO2 and O2, water availability, humidity and air temperature, light conditions. In the light reaction stage that occurs in the grana, light energy is shown to be energy consisting of NADPH2 and ATP. Then in the dark reaction stage, which is carried out in the stroma, NADPH2 and ATP are used as biochemical reducing agents to convert carbon dioxide into transport. Growing water releases oxygen into the air. The released oxygen will dissolve in the air and form dissolved oxygen. The photosynthesis practicum was carried out at the Microbiology and Molecular Biotechnology Laboratory, FPIK, Padjadjaran University. Performed on hydrilla plants.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Yuan, Peng, Hong Liang Han, and Dong Ping Duan. "Impact on the Reduction Process of Carbon Containing Pellets with Biomass Replacing Traditional Reducing Agent." Advanced Materials Research 1120-1121 (July 2015): 1302–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1120-1121.1302.

Full text

Abstract:

Considering the rotary hearth furnaces (RHF) direct reduction process, using bamboo char, charcoal and straw fiber as reducing agents added into the carbon containing pellets, the experimental study on the impact of reduction effect has been conducted from metallization rate, compressive strength and volumetric shrinkage. Test results showed that biomass reducing agents can replace traditional reducing agents used in the RHF direct reduction process. Compared with traditional reducing agents, biomass has less of effect on metallization rate, but different biomass reducing agents have large impact on strength and volumetric shrinkage of pellets. The compressive strength of pellet with straw fiber is relatively higher, and the compressive strength of pellets with charcoal or bamboo charcoal is low, for reaching the production requirement, which will be improved at higher temperature (1300°C). Using bamboo charcoal as reducing agent will lead to the swell of pellets in the beginning stage, and this situation will make the volumetric shrinkage at high temperature lower, finally, all of these will affect the strength of pellets and the heat-transfer between different material layers, thus it should be used accompanying with other reducing agent.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

L. B. Tolymbekova, А. М. Аubakirov, and Kh. B. Temirtas. ""THE USAGE OF PETROLEUM COKE AS A REDUCING AGENT IN THE SINTERING BRANCH IN THE PRODUCTION OF ALUMINA"." Science and Technology of Kazakhstan, no. 1.2023 (March 30, 2023): 107–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.48081/qvnl7512.

Full text

Abstract:

"This article presents the results of studies on the possibility of using an alternative type of reducing agent used in the sintering branch instead of a reducing mixture of Kuznetsk anthracite and Shubarkol coke. The given comparative characteristics of the reducing mixture currently used at Aluminum of Kazakhstan JSC and the proposed alternative – petroleum coke, show the possibility of the latter in its application: petroleum coke, in comparison with the used reducing agents, is characterized by a low level of ash content (0.2 % vs. 15.8 %) and reduced working physical moisture (5.0 % vs. 11.2 %), as well as high lower calorific value (7900 kcal/kg vs. 5863 kcal/kg) and high carbon content (88.0 % vs. 75.1 %). Two compositions of the slurry charge were prepared for the experiments using the compared reducing agents: a mixture of Kuznetsk anthracite and Shubarkol coke, as well as petroleum coke. During the experiment, a decrease in the specific consumption of the proposed reducing agent per unit of sinter by 7.4 % was revealed due to the reduced moisture content in the tested petroleum coke in comparison with the reduction mixture used. There is also an increase in the content of Al2O3 to 88.9 % and Na2O to 96.1 %. Keywords: aluminum production, reducing agent, sintering branch, aluminate solution, alumina, red sludge."

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Aji, Abdul, Sri Juari Santosa, and Eko Sri Kunarti. "Effect of Reaction Time and Stability Properties of Gold Nanoparticles Synthesized by p-Aminobenzoic Acid and p-Aminosalicylic Acid." Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 20, no. 2 (2020): 413. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijc.44674.

Full text

Abstract:

In this work, we determined the influenced of the reaction time at the synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) by p-aminosalicylic acid and p-aminobenzoic acid as reducing agent. Besides working as a reducing agent, the p-aminobenzoic acid and p-aminosalicylic acid also simultaneously played a role as a capping agent/stabilizing agent. Gold ion was first mixed with the pH adjusted p-aminobenzoic acid and p-aminosalicylic acid. The mixture then heated in boiling water at 86 °C. The formation of AuNPs was indicated by the appearance of red color and analyzed with UV/Vis spectrophotometry to evaluate their surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption in the wavelength range 400–800 nm. The reducing ability of the reducing agents was affected by its structure. Gold nanoparticles that were synthesized with p-aminosalicylic acid were more stable, faster and had a smaller size than its counterpart that is synthesized with p-aminobenzoic acid. The stability test over a periods 5 months showed that AuNPs were relatively stable.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Tokach, Yu E., Yu K. Rubanov, and O. V. Doroganova. "Extraction of Metals from Wastes of Metallurgical Production." Solid State Phenomena 284 (October 2018): 845–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.284.845.

Full text

Abstract:

Studies on the thermal reduction of iron oxide by using reducing agents have been carried out. Carbon-containing components and aluminum were used as reducing agent. The reduction conditions were determined.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Hou, Zhenkun, Mengxiong Tang, Shihua Liang, and Yi Zhu. "Optimization of the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Grouting Material for Non-Soil-Squeezing PHC Pipe Pile." Crystals 12, no. 1 (2021): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst12010010.

Full text

Abstract:

The physical and mechanical properties of grouting materials greatly affect the friction resistance and the bearing performance of a non-soil-squeezing PHC pipe pile. Orthogonal tests for four factors at five levels were carried out to optimize the proportion of the water–cement mixture by using Portland cement as a raw material and a water-reducing agent, expansion agent and early-strength agent as additives. The following conclusions were obtained: (1) Both the water–cement ratio and the dosage of water-reducing agent are positively correlated with the fluidity of the water–cement mixture and have the greatest influence on the fluidity, followed by the expansion agent and early-strength agent. The saturation point of the water-reducing agent is 1.5%. (2) The strength of the grouting body decreases linearly with the increase of the water–cement ratio, and the dosage of the water-reducing agent has no obvious effect on the strength. As the dosage of expansion agent increases, the strength of the grouting body decreases rapidly. The expansion agent mainly plays a key role in the middle and late stages of the hardening process of the slurry. Early-strength agents have a greater impact on the early strength, but less on the later strength. When the slurry is solidified for 3 h, the early-strength agent has the greatest impact on the strength with an optimal dosage of 5%. (3) The volume of the grouting body has an inverse relationship with the water–cement ratio, and the optimal amount of expansion agent is 12%. The incorporation of an expansion agent makes the volume increase of the grouting body exceed the volume shrinkage ratio caused by the hardening of the grouting body with a curing time of more than 3 days, ensuring a slight increase in the volume of the grouting body. After 3 days, even though the effect of the expansion agent is gradually weakened, it can still ensure that the volume of the grouting body does not shrink. With the increase of the amount of water-reducing agent, the volume of the grouting body gradually decreases. When the amount of water-reducing agent exceeds 1.5%, the volume of the grouting body no longer decreases. (4) The early-strength agent has almost no effect on the volume of the grouting body. When the curing time is 3 h, the water–cement ratio has the greatest influence on the volume of the grouting body, followed by the water-reducing agent, and, finally, the expansion agent. After 3 h, the water–cement ratio still has the greatest influence, and the influence of the expansion agent gradually exceeds that of the water-reducing agent. The water-reducing agent mainly affects the volume of the grouting body in the water separation stage, and the expansion agent mainly plays a role in the middle and late stages of the slurry solidification. After optimized ratio analysis, the fluidity of the water–cement mixture can be improved, the volume shrinkage ratio rate can be lowered and the early strength can be increased.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Xiao, Li Guang, Cun You Yan, and Shi Ting Zhang. "The Study of a New Synthesis Method of Isoamyl Enol Polyoxyethylene Ether and its Compatibility on Cement." Advanced Materials Research 687 (April 2013): 84–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.687.84.

Full text

Abstract:

In this study, a kind of water reducing agent based on Isoamyl enol polyoxyethylene ether were synthesized in water solution by radical copolymerization. The influence of copolymerization conditions on dispersing performance of the water reducing agent in the cement was investigated. The molecular structure of the copolymer was tested by NMR, and GPC was used to determine the molecular weight of copolymer and the big monomer percent conversion, also, testing the adaptability of the water reducing agent in different types of cement. The testing results show that the water reducing agent has the good performance on concrete. When the dosage of water reducing agent was 0.2%, the (Deer ding card, P.O42.5) slurry flow degree of the cement was 270mm, and the water reducing ratio reached 19.6%. When the dosage of water reducing agent was 0.3% and 0.4%, the water reducing ratio reached to 28.6% and 31.9% respectively. Comparing the adaptability of the water reducing agent on all kinds of cement, the water reducing agent performed the worst in the P.C cement and better in the P.O cement, its adaptability in the standard cement and P.S cement was the best. When the dosage of water reducing agent was 0.2%-0.4%, the water reducing ratio was nearly the same, When the dosage of water reducing agent was 0.4%-0.6%, the water reducing ratio in the standard cement was higher than in the P.S cement.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Okun, Ilya, Sergei Malarchuk, Elena Dubrovskaya, et al. "Screening for Caspase-3 Inhibitors: Effect of a Reducing Agent on Identified Hit Chemotypes." Journal of Biomolecular Screening 11, no. 6 (2006): 694–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087057106289231.

Full text

Abstract:

When studying cysteinyl proteases in general and caspases in particular, it is generally accepted that a reaction buffer must contain a reducing agent to prevent essential cysteinyl groups from spontaneous oxidation. Dithiothreitol (DTT) and β-mercaptoethanol (β-MCE) are 2 of the most broadly used reducing agents. While screening a library of small molecules against caspase-3, the authors have found that the nature of the reducing agent used, DTT or β-MCE, dramatically affects screening results and leads to identification of nonoverlapping hits. Screening in DTT-containing buffer revealed few novel classes of small molecules that selectively and reversibly inhibit caspase-3 but failed to identify isatin sulfonamides recently found to be potent and selective caspase-3 inhibitors (false negatives). On the other hand, screening in the presence of β-MCE failed to identify a series of hit compounds, 1,3-dioxo-2,3-dichloro-1 H-pyrrolo[3,4- c]quinolines, discovered with DTT, whereas isatin sulphonamides in these conditions exhibited strong caspase-3 inhibition. In this work, the authors show that thiol-containing reducing agents can affect catalytic activity of caspase-3 and modify its thermostability in a redox-potential-independent manner. The authors speculate that the differential structural modifications of caspase-3 seen with different reducing agents represent structurally different caspase-3 conformations and are responsible for its differential sensitivity to small molecules of different chemotypes. Hence, selection of the reducing agent may dramatically affect the quality of high-throughput screening campaigns.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Kurka, Vladislav, Petr Jonšta, Ladislav Kander, et al. "The Influence of Varying Thermal Treatment Conditions on Reducing Zinc Content from a Steelmaking and Blast Furnace Sludge." Metals 12, no. 11 (2022): 1961. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12111961.

Full text

Abstract:

The prospects of processing blast furnace and steelmaking sludge using the Waelz process in a laboratory rotary kiln, is shown. The influence of different processing temperatures, furnace atmosphere and the type of reducing agents on the level of zinc reduction from sludges was analyzed. In general, the blast furnace sludge contains a high portion of iron (approx. 48 wt.%) and can be reused as a charge after satisfactory zinc reduction. It was found that N- atmosphere and a high content of the graphite or coke oven reducing agent in combination with high temperature can reduce the content of Zn in the sludge to 0.08 wt.% at 1200 °C for a mixture of steelmaking and blast furnace sludge. A significant reduction in the Zn content to 0.66 wt.% occurs at 1100 °C. The content and type of reducing agent plays an important role; graphite has shown a better reducing ability compared to coke oven dust. When nitrogen is used, zinc is reduced even without an additional reducing agent, since the carbon contained in the sludge is made use of for the reduction. In an air atmosphere, without the use of a reducing agent, there was no reduction in the Zn content.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Zhai, Feng Rui, Yi Ming Liu, Zhong Zhou Yi, Hong Wei Zhang, and Min Lu. "Effects of Different Reducing Agents and Protective Agents on the Preparation of Nano-Silver Powder." Key Engineering Materials 512-515 (June 2012): 136–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.512-515.136.

Full text

Abstract:

Solution chemical reduction method is a means which used reducing agent in aqueous or organic systems to deoxidize silver ions. Its essence is an integrated process of the electrochemistry, thermodynamics, kinetics and fluid dynamics and so on. The process determines the physical and chemical properties such as the size distribution of powder, purity and reunion situations, etc. Nano-silver powder has high surface activity and catalytic properties, and is widely used to a lot of fields. So it has very important realistic significance to study the preparation method. In this paper, nano-silver powder was prepared with industrial AgNO3 as raw materials, sodium borohydride or hydrazine hydrate as reducing agent, polyvinyl alcohol, SDBS or polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP) as the surface protective agent by solution chemical reduction method. The influences of different reducing agents and protective agents on the preparation of nano-silver were analyzed. The results from the XRD diffraction analysis and TEM show that it can be obtained high purity flake nano-silver in the reaction temperature range of 50-60°C.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Shi, Xiaorong, Xiaolin He, Xinqi Zhang, et al. "Experimental Study on Chemical Recovery of Low-Permeability and Medium-Deep Heavy Oil Reservoir." Geofluids 2022 (November 10, 2022): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9366864.

Full text

Abstract:

To improve the oil recovery of a block in the Wutonggou Formation of the Changji Oilfield, viscosity reducing and foaming agent was optimized to improve the development effect of the water flooding reservoir. The core flooding experiment and microscopic visual experiment were conducted to investigate the production characteristics and EOR mechanism of nitrogen foam flooding. The results show that the 0.5 wt% viscosity reducing and foaming agent DXY-03 was optimized. In the process of microscopic oil displacement by nitrogen foam, nitrogen foam continuously expands and spreads, improves oil displacement efficiency, and greatly improves oil recovery through emulsification and viscosity reduction, squeezing action, dragging action, and Jamin effect. The core flooding experiment shows that on the basis of the water flooding recovery rate of 20.3%, the nitrogen foam huff and puff is increased by 9.2%. The viscosity reducing and foaming agent flooding is increased by 7.8%, and the nitrogen foam flooding is increased by 12.9%. The main EOR mechanism of the viscosity reducing and foaming agent is that it can reduce the interfacial tension between oil and water and can promote heavy oil emulsification and dispersion, thereby forming an oil/water- (O/W-) type emulsion. The reduction in the viscosity of heavy oil makes crude oil easier to extract, realizing the synergistic viscosity reducing and efficiency enhancing effect of nitrogen and viscosity reducing and foaming agents. This study is helpful to provide reference for the development of low-permeability and high-viscosity medium-deep heavy oil reservoirs by chemical agents combined with cold production.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Huang, Xing Qi, Xiao Rong Li, Da Wei Zhang, Chang Jun Xue, and Ai Qin Zhang. "Application of Polycarboxylate Superplasticizer in the Concrete." Materials Science Forum 898 (June 2017): 2076–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.898.2076.

Full text

Abstract:

Compared with the traditional water reducer, polycarboxylicwater-reducing agent exhibits the advantages of high water-reducing rate, cement paste fluidity and low slump loss, etc. The structure of polycarboxylates water reducing agent molecular is comb type. Water reducing agent can be used in the molecular design because it has high water reducing rate, low dosage, good slump stability, and have great potential in increase strength. In recent years, it has attracted many researchers' attention. Water reducing agent can block or destroy cement granular flocculation structure, through the surface function, complexation, electrostatic repulsion force and stereo repulsive force. Research on water reducing agent based on the application of poly carboxylic acid can realize functional design of water reducing agent, so as to promote the development of high-performance concrete.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!