Relevant bibliographies by topics / Reducing atmosphere

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Reducing atmosphere'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 9 March 2023
Last updated: 31 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Reducing atmosphere"

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Ceponis, M. J., and R. A. Cappellini. "Reducing Decay in Fresh Blueberries with Controlled Atmospheres." HortScience 20, no. 2 (1985): 228–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.20.2.228.

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Abstract Freshly harvested blueberry fruit (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) were held for 7 or 14 days at 2°C under constant atmospheres of CO2 in air or with 2% O2, under 2% O2 alone or in normal atmosphere. When the berries were removed from the controlled atmospheres and held for 3 days at 21°, the CO2-enriched atmospheres of 10%, 15%, or 20% significantly inhibited decay development for 1-2 days. The higher CO2-enriched atmospheres generally were more effective. The 2% O2 atmosphere alone was ineffective and did not enhance the CO2 treatment.
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Itcovitz, Jonathan P., Auriol S. P. Rae, Robert I. Citron, et al. "Reduced Atmospheres of Post-impact Worlds: The Early Earth." Planetary Science Journal 3, no. 5 (2022): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/psj/ac67a9.

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Abstract Impacts may have had a significant effect on the atmospheric chemistry of the early Earth. Reduced phases in the impactor (e.g., metallic iron) can reduce the planet’s H2O inventory to produce massive atmospheres rich in H2. While previous studies have focused on the interactions between the impactor and atmosphere in such scenarios, we investigate two further effects: (1) the distribution of the impactor’s iron inventory during impact between the target interior, target atmosphere, and escaping the target; and (2) interactions between the post-impact atmosphere and the impact-generat
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Wienhage, Gabriel Henrique, Vinícius Henrique de Freitas, Julio Zeppone Carlos, et al. "Flash Calcination of Kaolinite Clay in a Pilot Reactor: Evaluation of Clay Color Change in Oxidizing, Inert and Reducing Atmospheres." Journal of Building Material Science 7, no. 1 (2025): 73–82. https://doi.org/10.30564/jbms.v7i1.8104.

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Cement production, while essential for global infrastructure, contributes significantly to carbon dioxide emissions, accounting for approximately 7% of total emissions. To mitigate these environmental impacts, flash calcination of kaolinitic clays has been investigated as a sustainable alternative. This technique involves the rapid heating of clays, enabling their use as supplementary cementitious materials. The primary objective of this study was to modify the color of calcined clay in various atmospheres (oxidizing, inert, and reducing) to achieve a grayish tone similar to commercial cement
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Wang, Xiaohuan, Zhiming Shi, and Lina Wang. "Effects of sintering atmospheres on phase transformation, oxygen vacancy and photoabsorption behaviors of highly Fe-doped titania crystals." Modern Physics Letters B 31, no. 06 (2017): 1750062. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984917500622.

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Fe-doped TiO2 crystals were successfully prepared using a sol–gel technique in reducing and oxidizing atmospheres. The effects of sintering atmosphere on phase transformation, oxygen vacancy concentration and photoabsorption behaviors were investigated. The results indicate that upon sintering in reducing atmosphere, Ti and Fe ion valences were decreased and highly Fe ions (12 mol%) were entirely dissolved into titania crystals, increasing oxygen vacancy concentration and leading to increased photoabsorption capability. In contrast, sintering in oxidizing atmosphere causes precipitation of the
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Watanabe, Yasuto, and Kazumi Ozaki. "Relative Abundances of CO2, CO, and CH4 in Atmospheres of Earth-like Lifeless Planets." Astrophysical Journal 961, no. 1 (2024): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad10a2.

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Abstract Carbon is an essential element for life on Earth, and the relative abundances of major carbon species (CO2, CO, and CH4) in the atmosphere exert fundamental controls on planetary climate and biogeochemistry. Here we employed a theoretical model of atmospheric chemistry to investigate diversity in the atmospheric abundances of CO2, CO, and CH4 on Earth-like lifeless planets orbiting Sun-like (F-, G-, and K-type) stars. We focused on the conditions for the formation of a CO-rich atmosphere, which would be favorable for the origin of life. Results demonstrated that elevated atmospheric C
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Tuo, Yong Feng, Yu Ping Wu, Min Huang, et al. "The Surface Plasmon Resonance Absorption of Indium Tin Oxide Nanoparticles and its Control." Advanced Materials Research 1118 (July 2015): 160–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1118.160.

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Indium tin oxide (ITO) nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared by a coprecipitation process from a mixed solution consisting of indium chloride and tin chloride. The surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption was studied under different calcinate atmospheres. The characteristics of the optical properties, especially the absorption of near-infrared (NIR) region was recorded by the UV-Vis-NIR absorption spectroscopy. The results show that the SPR absorption peak appears at 2500 nm under an oxidizing atmosphere (air) or at 1300 nm under a reducing atmosphere (a gas mixture of Ar and 5 vol% H2) when cal
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Vidotto, A. A., and A. Cleary. "Stellar wind effects on the atmospheres of close-in giants: a possible reduction in escape instead of increased erosion." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 494, no. 2 (2020): 2417–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa852.

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ABSTRACT The atmospheres of highly irradiated exoplanets are observed to undergo hydrodynamic escape. However, due to strong pressures, stellar winds can confine planetary atmospheres, reducing their escape. Here, we investigate under which conditions atmospheric escape of close-in giants could be confined by the large pressure of their host star’s winds. For that, we simulate escape in planets at a range of orbital distances ([0.04, 0.14] au), planetary gravities ([36, 87 per cent] of Jupiter’s gravity), and ages ([1, 6.9] Gyr). For each of these simulations, we calculate the ram pressure of
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RYASNAYA, O. I., and P. E. NOR. "LOW-WASTE TECHNOLOGIES FOR REDUCING HYDROCARBONS IN THE ATMOSPHERIC AIR." Actual Issues Of Energy 6, no. 1 (2024): 119–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.25206/2686-6935-2024-6-1-119-123.

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When using oil resources in one form or another, atmospheric air pollution with hydrocarbons almost always occurs. The tasks of this work included the organization of environmental protection measures at the oil pumping station in the field of atmospheric air protection. To do this, they gave a description of this object, the main type of its activity. In this paper, the possibility of using a system for capturing light fractions of hydrocarbons, which will allow them to be selected and disposed of, is considered. The system works by increasing the pressure in the gas space of the container wi
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Jiao, Facun, Xulong Ma, Tao Liu, Chengli Wu, Hanxu Li, and Zhongbing Dong. "Effect of Atmospheres on Transformation of Heavy Metals during Thermal Treatment of MSWI Fly Ash: By Thermodynamic Equilibrium Calculation." Molecules 27, no. 1 (2021): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27010131.

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The vaporization behaviors of eight heavy metals (Pb, Zn, Cu, Cd, Cr, Co, Mn, and Ni) in municipal solid wastes incineration (MSWI) fly ash during thermal treatment under air atmosphere (21% O2/79% N2), an inert atmosphere (100% N2), and a reducing atmosphere (50% CO/50% N2) were evaluated based on a thermodynamic equilibrium calculation by FactSage 8.1. The results show that the reducing atmosphere promotes the melting of MSWI fly ash, resulting in a more liquid phase than in air or an inert atmosphere. Except for Cd, the formation of liquids can dissolve heavy metals and reduce their vaporiz
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Wogan, Nicholas F., David C. Catling, Kevin J. Zahnle, and Roxana Lupu. "Origin-of-life Molecules in the Atmosphere after Big Impacts on the Early Earth." Planetary Science Journal 4, no. 9 (2023): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/psj/aced83.

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Abstract The origin of life on Earth would benefit from a prebiotic atmosphere that produced nitriles, like HCN, which enable ribonucleotide synthesis. However, geochemical evidence suggests that Hadean air was relatively oxidizing with negligible photochemical production of prebiotic molecules. These paradoxes are resolved by iron-rich asteroid impacts that transiently reduced the entire atmosphere, allowing nitriles to form in subsequent photochemistry. Here we investigate impact-generated reducing atmospheres using new time-dependent, coupled atmospheric chemistry and climate models that ac
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Reducing atmosphere"

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Wiese, Anne Jasmin [Verfasser]. "Assessing and Reducing the Uncertainty in Regional Wave and Coupled Wave-Atmosphere Models during Extreme Events / Anne Jasmin Wiese." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg Carl von Ossietzky, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1236695313/34.

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Ribeiro, Caio César de Sousa. "High-oxygen modified atmosphere package improves color stability of Longissimus lumborum with high ultimate pH from pasture-fed Nellore bulls." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11141/tde-21082018-104239/.

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Red bright color is an important quality attribute that influences beef purchasing and is affected by beef pH. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine if high ultimate pH affected color stability of longissimus lumborum (LL) steaks from pasture-fed Nellore bulls and if HiOx atmosphere package improved the color stability of high pHu muscles. To achieve these objectives, 18 LL muscles from Nellore bulls were grouped into 3 pHu ranges: normal (n = 6; 5.40 < pHu <5.79), intermediate (n = 6; 5.80 < pHu <6.19) and high (n = 6; pHu > 6.20). All the muscles were cut into 2.5 cm steaks and p
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Ledesma, Cecilia. "China: Potential Mitigation Strategies for Reducing Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Emissions." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2011. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/236.

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This paper seeks to understand the role that the agriculture sector can play in romoting China's climate change mitigation efforts. In order to understand the history of agricultural and climate change policies in China, the beginning sections are devoted to these topics. In the following chapter,the impact of climate change on agricultural production is explored. Using research data that determine the primary sources of emissions within agriculture, and mitigation practices that have proved effective, potential GHG mitigation measures are proposed in the fourth chapter.Based on recommendation
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Bergstrom, Sarah Elizabeth 1979. "An algorithm for reducing atmospheric density model errors using satellite observation data in real-time." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/17537.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2002.<br>Vita.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 233-240).<br>Atmospheric density mismodeling is a large source of errors in satellite orbit determination and prediction in the 200-600 kilometer range. Algorithms for correcting or "calibrating" an existing atmospheric density model to improve accuracy have been seen as a major way to reduce these errors. This thesis examines one particular algorithm, which does not require launching special "calibration satellites" or new sensor platforms. It
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Bronsch, Arne. "Viscosity of slags." Doctoral thesis, Technische Universitaet Bergakademie Freiberg Universitaetsbibliothek "Georgius Agricola", 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:105-qucosa-229196.

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Slags plays a significant role at high temperature processes. The estimation of the slag viscosity is vital for the safe run of e.g. entrained flow gasifiers. One opportunity of determination is rotational viscometry. This technique is disadvantageous in view of elevated temperatures, applied materials and the necessary time. Additionally, the viscosity can be predicted by the help of viscosity models, where viscosity is a function of slag composition and temperature. Due to changing slag properties within the technical processes, the calculated viscosities can hugely differ from measured ones
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ANZANO, MANUELA NADIA. "Research and development of new products and processes: reclamation of a manufacturing waste." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/14127.

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The aim of the research was the development of new products and processes from a manufacturing waste. The manufacturing waste were produced by a metallurgic Italian company which produced thin silver metallic films. These films were used as coating and food decoration. Thin films were produced by an hammering process. The starting material, silver laminate, had a thickness of 10 μm. During the hammering process films with various thickness were obtained. The final produced silver films had a thickness of about 300 nm which can be considered a submicrometric dimension, near to the nanometri
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Grimes, Holly L. "Computational Techniques for Reducing Spectra of the Giant Planets in Our Solar System." PDXScholar, 2009. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2659.

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This thesis presents algorithms for performing the next two reduction steps, namely orthogonalization and extraction. More specifically, this thesis addresses the following research question: What are proper methods of orthogonalizing spectral images in preparation for extraction?
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Fourney, Francesca. "Natural vs. Anthropogenic Sedimentation: Does Reducing a Local Stressor Increase Coral Resilience to Climate Change?" NSUWorks, 2015. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_stuetd/400.

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Corals face serious worldwide population declines due to global climate change in combination with direct anthropogenic impacts. Global climate change is difficult to manage locally, but policy makers can regulate the magnitude of local stressors affecting reefs. The objective of this experiment is to investigate if reducing sedimentation will enable reef corals to better endure global climate change. It has been shown that some coral species can handle climate change stress when provided with additional energy resources. Here I tested if the capacity of corals to cope with climate change can
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Hocevar, John D. "A Survey of the Stony Coral Community Composition of Pompano Ledge, Broward County, Florida, with a Preliminary Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Mooring Buoys in Reducing Coral Damage." NSUWorks, 1993. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_stuetd/353.

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Stony corals of Pompano Ledge, First Reef, Broward County, Florida were sampled in situ using a new reef assessment method. The circular-radial method was used to assess the effectiveness of mooring buoys in reducing damage to reefs. Data will be part of a long-term monitoring study of·buoy impacts. The parameter of recent injury was used to provide preliminary information on buoy effectiveness. Results were as follows: approximately 6% of the study area was covered by stony corals, with an average of 3 colonies per square meter. Diversity based on abundance (H'n) was 1 .7, and diversity based
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Yeh, Yu-Yuan, and 葉育源. "A Study of Phase Stability of Zirconia in Reducing Atmosphere at High-Temperature." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/21119870074093976581.

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碩士<br>國立屏東科技大學<br>材料工程所<br>100<br>Stabilized zirconia is a useful structural material with incomparably high toughness due to stress-induced phase transformation, and, moreover, is widely utilized as a carrier substrate, an electrolyte of a solid oxide fuel cell and an oxygen sensor. Recently, it was found that the carrier substrate of zirconia could cause some effects on MLCC sintered at high temperature. Besides, the substrates which were used will easily degrade. The reason for this may be due to the high temperature phase-transformation of zirconia. This article studies the microstructure
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Books on the topic "Reducing atmosphere"

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Williamson, Phillip. Global change: Reducing uncertainties. International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme, the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, 1992.

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David, Sarah B. Reducing your carbon footprint at home. Rosen Central, 2009.

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Mihaylov, Vyacheslav, Elena Sotnikova, and Nina Kalpina. Eco-friendly air protection systems for motor transport facilities. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1093106.

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The textbook considers the issue of assessing the heat and humidity state of air in the processes of its processing in various systems, provides requirements for air protection means, taking into account their environmental friendliness, shows ways of energy saving in cooling, heating and year-round air conditioning systems, as well as when protecting the atmosphere from harmful emissions. The way of energy saving with individual thermal protection of the operator by means of local cooling during air treatment in an irrigated intensified nozzle is shown and recommendations for reducing its mat
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Australia, Parliament Senate Standing Committee on Industry Science and Technology. Rescue the future: Reducing the impact of the greenhouse effect. Australian Govt. Pub. Service, 1991.

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Nagle, Jeanne M. Reducing your carbon footprint at school. Rosen Central, 2009.

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Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Dept. of Economics and Statistics. The costs of reducing CO2 emissions: Evidence from GREEN. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 1992.

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Manne, Alan Sussmann. Global 2100: Alternative scenarios for reducing carbon emissions. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 1992.

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(Canada), Federal/Provincial/Territorial Task Force on Energy and the Environment. Report on reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The Task Force], 1989.

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Statistics, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Dept of Economics and. Costs of reducing CO2 emissions: Evidence from six global models. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 1992.

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Helme, Ned. Cooling the greenhouse effect: Options and costs for reducing CO₂ emissions from the American Electric Power Company. Center for Clean Air Policy, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Reducing atmosphere"

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Cleaves, Henderson James. "Mildly Reducing Atmosphere." In Encyclopedia of Astrobiology. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27833-4_995-3.

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Cleaves, Henderson James. "Mildly Reducing Atmosphere." In Encyclopedia of Astrobiology. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44185-5_995.

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Cleaves, Henderson James. "Mildly Reducing Atmosphere." In Encyclopedia of Astrobiology. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-11274-4_995.

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Cleaves, Henderson James. "Mildly Reducing Atmosphere." In Encyclopedia of Astrobiology. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-65093-6_995.

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Cleaves, Henderson James. "Mildly Reducing Atmosphere." In Encyclopedia of Astrobiology. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27833-4_995-4.

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Kaiser, A., J. W. Phair, S. Foghmoes, S. Ramousse, and Z. He. "Sintering Behavior of Ce0.9Gd0.1O1.95-δin Reducing Atmosphere." In Ceramic Transactions Series. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470599730.ch1.

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Jury, William A., Yan Jin, Jianying Gan, and Thomas Gimmi. "Strategies for Reducing Fumigant Loss to the Atmosphere." In ACS Symposium Series. American Chemical Society, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1997-0652.ch010.

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Ray, Bibek, and Arun Bhunia. "Control by Modified Atmosphere (or Reducing O–R Potential)." In Fundamental Food Microbiology, 6th ed. CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003346616-42.

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Ramezanian, A., A. Amiri, and C. H. Crisosto. "Postharvest physiology and physiological disorders of fresh fig fruits." In The fig: botany, production and uses. CABI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789242881.0016.

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Abstract This chapter focuses on the high perishability of fresh fig fruits and their sensitivity to postharvest decay. The importance of cold storage along with postharvest treatments, such as modified atmosphere packaging, calcium treatment, SO<sub>2</sub> fumigation, edible coating and other modern techniques, in the maintenance of fruit quality and reducing postharvest losses is also discussed.
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Cordoba, G., J. Padilla, V. H. Lara, and R. Arroyo. "Anatase-Rutile Phase Transformation of Cu2+ Doped TiO2 in a Non-Reducing Atmosphere." In Emerging Fields in Sol-Gel Science and Technology. Springer US, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0449-8_21.

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Conference papers on the topic "Reducing atmosphere"

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Nakagawa, Kiyokazu, and Teiichi Isozaki. "Fireside Corrosion in Reducing Waste Incineration Environments." In CORROSION 1994. NACE International, 1994. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1994-94177.

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Abstract The corrosion behavior of a carbon steel covered with synthetic ashes and an actual ash has been investigated under reducing and oxidizing atmospheres. It has become clear that HCl content has a great influence on the corrosion rate of the carbon steel covered with NaCl-KCl and NaCl-KCl-Na2SO4-K2SO4 in the reducing atmosphere. When the HCl content in the reducing gas was 0.2%, a severe corrosion attack was observed at 350°C and 400°C. This corrosion is considered to be due to NaCl-KCl-FeCl2 hot corrosion. In the oxidizing atmosphere the corrosion was slight at all temperatures tested.
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Schuetzenduebel, W. G., I. E. Johnson, C. W. Clemons, and H. Thielsch. "Accelerated Tube Metal Wastage in Municipal Solid Waste Fired Furnaces." In CORROSION 1991. NACE International, 1991. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1991-91244.

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Abstract Accelerated tube metal wastage occurred in a municipal waste fired furnace prompting a study of the cause and remedial action required to prevent a recurrence. The study included a review of operating conditions, documentation of tube wall thinning, physical inspection of systems, metallographic examination of tubes and chemical analysis of tube scale utilizing Scanning Electron Microscopy and X-Ray Diffraction techniques. The high levels of tube metal wastage was attributed to fireside corrosive attack linked to a localized reducing atmosphere. The most likely cause of the localized
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Weber, T., C. Rosado, and M. Schütze. "Development of Coatings for Environments with High Sulfur And/or Carbon Activities at Low Oxygen Potentials." In CORROSION 2002. NACE International, 2002. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2002-02376.

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Abstract High velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) thermal spray coatings of TiAl and several Al- as well as Al-Ti-cementation coatings were applied on ferritic and austenitic stainless steels and tested in a reducing sulfidizing atmosphere, under metal dusting conditions and in a sulfidizing carburizing atmosphere at a temperature of 700°C. The tests were run isothermally for up to 1000 h. The thermal spray coatings and the Al-diffusion coatings were corrosion resistant in purely sulfidizing and in metal dusting atmospheres. If a sulfidizing and carburizing environment is present only the Al-Ti-codiffusi
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Weber, T., and M. Schütze. "Developement of Protective Coatings for Reducing Environments at High Temperatures." In CORROSION 1999. NACE International, 1999. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1999-99072.

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Abstract Different spray-coatings based on TiAl and TiSi2 as well as commercial dip-coatings were applied to low-alloy F12 steel and a 18Cr1Al steel and tested in an Ar-5%H2-1%H2S atmosphere at a temperature of 700°C, which is representative of conditions prevailing in several industrial gasification processes. Tests were run isothermally for up to 1000 hrs. Certain coatings show a remarkable improvement of corrosion resistance.
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Elliott, P., R. Prescott, and C. J. Tyreman. "Aspects of Halogen Corrosion at High Temperatures." In CORROSION 1986. NACE International, 1986. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1986-86373.

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Abstract Material performance in HCl-and F-containing gases is contrasted with reference to product stability, morphology and alloy condition. Laboratory tests at 900°C (1650°F)in a 'reducing' atmosphere of argon-25% H2, 10% HCl, 5% CO, 1% CO2 are compared with results obtained from a sulphur-containing atmosphere of argon-1% HCl, 5.5% O2, 1% SO2. Both atmospheres were generally less damaging than for 'oxidizing' conditions involving air- 2% Cl2. Thermal cycling resulted in intergranular attack in many cases. By contrast, fluorine-containing gases, at 750-850°C (1380-1560°F), with or without s
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Jeng, Sheng-Yuan, Chiung-Tse Juan, and Wen-Ta Tsai. "Prediction of Pickling Performance of 410 SS in Acid." In CORROSION 2002. NACE International, 2002. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2002-02352.

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Abstract The effectiveness of acid pickling of stainless steel (SS) depends largely on the composition and structure of the scale formed on the surface. These properties are affected by the type of stainless steel considered and also by the heating atmosphere in which the stainless steel exposed. In this investigation, the compositions and structures of scales formed on 410 SS surface after exposing in dry air, moist air, N2 and 10%H2+N2 atmospheres are analyzed. The results show that the scale formed in the moisture containing air is the most difficult to be removed, while descaling becomes m
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Yoffe, P. "Microbially Influenced Corrosion of Weathering Steel in Coast Atmosphere." In CORROSION 2006. NACE International, 2006. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2006-06520.

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abstract A case history is presented that demonstrates the need for caution when using weathering steel (WSt) in marine or coastal environments. ASTM A588 WSt plates were used for a construction at a coastal site. It was anticipated that the plates would last several years. However, after a few months service the plates were pitted and intensively perforated. There were no indications of general corrosion. The damage was localized along a narrow edge of each plate that had been exposed to dew. FeS2, FeS1+x, (Fe,Ni)9S8 and Cu2Fe4S7 were detected in the corrosion products and the presence of sul
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Huczkowski, P., A. Chyrkin, L. Singheiser, W. Nowak, and W. J. Quadakkers. "Corrosion Behavior of Candidate Heat Exchanger Materials in Oxidizing and Reducing Gases, Relevant to Oxyfuel Combustion." In CORROSION 2016. NACE International, 2016. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2016-07391.

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Abstract The so-called oxyfuel process is frequently considered as a promising technology for CO2 capture from the exhaust gas in fossil fuel fired power plants. In the present paper, the oxidation behavior of potentially suitable construction materials for heat exchanging components in coal fired power plants was studied at 650°C. The selected materials (martensitic steels, austenitic steels and a Ni-base alloy) were exposed in a simulated atmosphere typical for oxyfuel combustion and the results were compared with the behavior in a test gas simulating air-firing flue gas. Additionally a set
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Hsu, H. S. "Hot Corrosion of Chromium in (Li0.62K0.38)2CO3 at 650°C." In CORROSION 1986. NACE International, 1986. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1986-86085.

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Abstract The hot corrosion of metallic chromium was studied in (Li0.62K0.38)2CO3 carbonate salt at 650°C under prototypical molten carbonate fuel cell environments. With the aid of phase stability diagrams of the Cr-Li-K-C-O system, the corrosion kinetics and scale morphologies were examined. The corrosion process in oxidizing atmospheres was divided into three distinct phases: (1) the formation of liquid corrosion product, chromate, from the reaction of carbonate and chromium; (2) the formation of nonprotective Cr2O3 scale under the liquid corrosion product; and (3) localized hot corrosion in
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Asteman, Henrik, Patrick Keil, Walter Hartnagel, Else Müller-Lorenz, and Dietlinde Jakobi. "High Temperature Corrosion of Burner Tube Alloys Exposed to Flue Gas and Reducing Atmosphere Used for Annealing – A Laboratory Study." In CORROSION 2011. NACE International, 2011. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2011-11191.

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Abstract A demand for greater throughput and quality causes a ditto demand for higher temperatures in the annealing furnaces. The burners used for this application are already operating close to their upper temperature limit. This causes increased wear of the materials used in the burners and shortens their lifetime considerably. The wear is caused by several factors such as creep and high temperature corrosion. The burners are in contact with two distinct types of atmospheres, the flue gas inside the burner and the annealing gas on the outside. The latter could be either H2+N2 mixtures, H2, A
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Reports on the topic "Reducing atmosphere"

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Krishnamurthy, Ravi. PR328-214501-R01 Methods to Reduce Pipeline Blowdowns for Repair and Inspections. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0012199.

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New regulations and modifications to existing environmental regulations are currently underway. The natural gas industry has consistently attempted to mitigate the release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. Blowdown mitigation represents an opportunity to directly reduce the extent of methane emissions released to the atmosphere and can have an immediate positive impact on reducing the effects of global warming. This work presents the current techniques available to minimize blowdowns by the pipeline industry during repair and replacements based on research and interviews. Industry best
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S.M. Frank, T.P. O'Holleran, and P.A. Hahn. Reference Alloy Waste Form Fabrication and Initiation of Reducing Atmosphere and Reductive Additives Study on Alloy Waste Form Fabrication. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1033887.

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Gasim, Anwar, Lester Hunt, and Jeyhun Mikayilov. Methane Emissions Baseline Forecasts for Saudi Arabia Using the Structural Time Series Model and Autometrics. King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.30573/ks--2023-dp08.

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Reducing methane (CH4) emissions is key to near-term efforts to limit global warming. CH4 is the second most abundant anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) in the atmosphere after carbon dioxide (CO2). The production, transport, and consumption of fossil fuels, in addition to waste and agriculture, account for most anthropogenic CH4 emissions globally (IPCC 2018). Although CH4has only a 12-year lifetime in the atmosphere, it is 84 times more potent per ton than CO2 in a 20-year period and 28 times more potent in a 100-year period (IPCC 2018). The drastically stronger short-term potency of CH4 exp
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Rahai, Hamid, Rylan Moffit, Komal Gada, and Jeremy Bonifacio. An Ambient NOx Reduction Reactor System with and without Forced Air. Mineta Transportation Institute, 2025. https://doi.org/10.31979/mti.2025.2442.

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Ambient nitrogen oxide (NOX) is one of the main ingredients involved in the formation of ground-level ozone (smog), which contributes to global warming and the formation of particulates in the atmosphere and causes respiratory illnesses, especially in children, older adults, and people with lung diseases. Investigations on adding titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles to the paint used on concrete surfaces such as buildings and its potential in reducing ambient NOX concentration have provided opportunities for the research and development of methods for passive control and filtration of the amb
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Pesis, Edna, Elizabeth J. Mitcham, Susan E. Ebeler, and Amnon Lers. Application of Pre-storage Short Anaerobiosis to Alleviate Superficial Scald and Bitter Pit in Granny Smith Apples. United States Department of Agriculture, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7593394.bard.

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There is increased demand for high quality fruit produced and marketed with reduced chemical inputs to minimize toxic effects on human health and the environment. Granny Smith (GS) apple quality is reduced by two major physiological disorders, superficial scald and bitter pit (BP). These disorders cause great loss to apple growers worldwide. Superficial scald is commonly controlled by chemical treatments, mainly the antioxidant diphenylamine (DPA) and/or the ethylene action inhibitor, 1-methylcyclopropene (1–MCP). Both chemicals are ineffective in controlling bitter pit incidence. We proposed
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Andersen, Gisle, Christine Merk, Marie L. Ljones, and Mikael P. Johannessen. Interim report on public perceptions of marine CDR. OceanNets, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3289/oceannets_d3.4.

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This deliverable synthesizes the results on public perceptions of marine CDR methods from the first two years of OceanNETs. The purpose is to inform the other work packages in OceanNETs and stakeholders about our results in a timely and brief manner about the ways members of the public view marine CDR specifically but also in the broader context of net-zero targets and climate policy. The deliverable summarises results of two studies: (1) focus groups held in Germany and Norway that covered ocean fertilization, ocean alkalinity enhancement, artificial upwelling and blue carbon management and (
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Klier, K., R. G. Herman, and J. Dedecek. NO decomposition in non-reducing atmospheres. Technical progress report, June--August 1996. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/418418.

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Klier, K., R. G. Herman, and J. Dedecek. NO decomposition in non-reducing atmospheres. Technical progress report, March--May 1996. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/418419.

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Fuchs, Marcel, Jerry Hatfield, Amos Hadas, and Rami Keren. Reducing Evaporation from Cultivated Soils by Mulching with Crop Residues and Stabilized Soil Aggregates. United States Department of Agriculture, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1993.7568086.bard.

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Field and laboratory studies of insulating properties of mulches show that the changes they produce on the heat balance and the evaporation depend not only on the intrinsic characteristics of the material but also on the structure of air flow in boundary layer. Field measurements of the radiation balance of corn residue showed a decrease of reflectivity from 0.2 to 0.17 from fall to spring. The aerodynamic properties of the atmospheric surface layer were turbulent, with typical roughness length of 12 to 24 mm. Evaporation from corn residue covered soils in climate chambers simulating the diurn
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Rickels, Wilfried. Economic benefit of regional ocean carbon uptake. EuroSea, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3289/eurosea_d7.5.

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Currently, the ocean carbon sink annually removes about a third of anthropogenic fossil fuel and industrial CO2 emissions, reducing therefore climate change damages and CO2 abatement costs. While the land sinks have entered climate policies, the ocean sink has not—for good reasons since the former stores carbon within the boundaries of a state while the ocean removes carbon from the atmosphere rather in its property as a global common. However, the question remains what is the value of the ocean carbon sink and should it be differently attributed when comparing a coastal state with a large exc
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