Relevant bibliographies by topics / Reducing human effort

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Reducing human effort'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 5 June 2025
Last updated: 1 August 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Reducing human effort"

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Rica, Elena, Carlos Francisco Moreno-García, Susana Álvarez, and Francesc Serratosa. "Reducing human effort in engineering drawing validation." Computers in Industry 117 (May 2020): 103198. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compind.2020.103198.

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M.Naga, Swapna Sri, and P.Anusha. "Design and Fabrication of Automatic Bar Feeding and Cutting Mechanism." Recent Trends in Automation and Automobile Engineering 5, no. 1 (2022): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6572713.

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<em>In a day to day Machining operation have been performed on shaft or any shape of rod, at first a given work piece is supposed to be cut to appropriate dimensions and then followed by machining operation is carried on. Nowadays, it&rsquo;s been a time taking chore, in a manual operation the cutting bar cuts to the demanded dimensions. Due to manual trimming, notable marks may lead to the job rejection. The project mainly deals with the clamping, cutting and automatic bar feeding. A microcontroller based device is used for automation, and in order to control the various tasks which are deman
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Sinulingga, Hagai R., and Seong G. Kong. "Key-Frame Extraction for Reducing Human Effort in Object Detection Training for Video Surveillance." Electronics 12, no. 13 (2023): 2956. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12132956.

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This paper presents a supervised learning scheme that employs key-frame extraction to enhance the performance of pre-trained deep learning models for object detection in surveillance videos. Developing supervised deep learning models requires a significant amount of annotated video frames as training data, which demands substantial human effort for preparation. Key frames, which encompass frames containing false negative or false positive objects, can introduce diversity into the training data and contribute to model improvements. Our proposed approach focuses on detecting false negatives by l
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Annooz, Amal, and Qasem Janabi. "The Role of Regional Organizations in Reducing Organized Rape." European Journal of Social Science Education and Research 5, no. 1 (2018): 102–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ejser-2018-0011.

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Abstract Organized rape in armed conflict is one of the most serious violations of human rights, which creates a clear crisis in the identity of the other party and solidifies the sense of bitterness of defeat. Rape in armed conflicts is thus different from that of others, which can have a negative impact on social and international peace and security. Conservative and racially conservative societies are also affected by systematic organized gang rape, which occurs systematically from parties to a non-international armed conflict or within the policy of the aggressor State in the event of an i
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Hedlund, Aaron. "ESTATE TAXATION AND HUMAN CAPITAL WITH INFORMATION EXTERNALITIES." Macroeconomic Dynamics 24, no. 3 (2018): 568–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1365100518000366.

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This paper investigates the effects of estate taxation when firms cannot directly observe worker skill levels. Imperfect labor market signaling gives rise to an information externality that causes workers to free-ride off of others’ human capital acquisition. Inherited wealth exacerbates the information externality because risk averse workers with larger inheritances exert less effort to acquire skills. By reducing these inheritances, an estate tax induces greater skill acquisition effort and increases the number of skilled workers. In a quantitative model with employer learning and capital ac
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Assriyani and Hastuti. "The roles of human geography in disaster studies." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 884, no. 1 (2021): 012039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/884/1/012039.

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Abstract A disaster is an event or series of events which threaten and disrupt the human lives. The studies of disaster are constantly considered related to humans because humans act as the causative factor, victim and at the same time the executant of the effort in disaster handling. Pioneered by Gilbert White and pursued by other experts, human geography later shows the roles in examining issues in disaster studies especially in disaster mitigation. Based on several research and notions, many experts in human geography agree that there is nothing natural in natural disaster. Although the dis
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Navarro, Ángel, and Francisco Casacuberta. "Neural Models for Measuring Confidence on Interactive Machine Translation Systems." Applied Sciences 12, no. 3 (2022): 1100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12031100.

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Reducing the human effort performed with the use of interactive-predictive neural machine translation (IPNMT) systems is one of the main goals in this sub-field of machine translation (MT). Prior works have focused on changing the human–machine interaction method and simplifying the feedback performed. Applying confidence measures (CM) to an IPNMT system helps decrease the number of words that the user has to check through the translation session, reducing the human effort needed, although this supposes losing a few points in the quality of the translations. The effort reduction comes from dec
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Figueredo, Luis F. C., Rafael De Castro Aguiar, Lipeng Chen, Thomas C. Richards, Samit Chakrabarty, and Mehmet Dogar. "Planning to Minimize the Human Muscular Effort during Forceful Human-Robot Collaboration." ACM Transactions on Human-Robot Interaction 11, no. 1 (2022): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3481587.

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This work addresses the problem of planning a robot configuration and grasp to position a shared object during forceful human-robot collaboration, such as a puncturing or a cutting task. Particularly, our goal is to find a robot configuration that positions the jointly manipulated object such that the muscular effort of the human, operating on the same object, is minimized while also ensuring the stability of the interaction for the robot. This raises three challenges. First, we predict the human muscular effort given a human-robot combined kinematic configuration and the interaction forces of
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BAE, JU-YUN, JEONG-SU LEE, MYOUNG-HEE SHIN, SOON-HO LEE, and IN-GYUN HWANG. "Effect of Wash Treatments on Reducing Human Norovirus on Iceberg Lettuce and Perilla Leaf." Journal of Food Protection 74, no. 11 (2011): 1908–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-11-063.

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Human noroviruses (NoVs) are major causes of nonbacterial gastroenteritis; they are transmitted by food and water, as well as person-to-person. The consumption of contaminated raw or uncooked food such as vegetables and fruits has been identified as a common source of human NoV outbreaks. In an effort to understand the survival and persistence of human NoVs on fresh produce, the efficacy of washing treatments in the removal of human NoVs from vegetables was evaluated. This study used artificially contaminated vegetables (iceberg lettuce and perilla leaf), and washing was done with tap water fo
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Rettenberger, Luca, Marcel Schilling, and Markus Reischl. "Annotation Efforts in Image Segmentation can be Reduced by Neural Network Bootstrapping." Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering 8, no. 2 (2022): 329–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cdbme-2022-1084.

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Abstract Modern medical technology offers potential for the automatic generation of datasets that can be fed into deep learning systems. However, even though raw data for supporting diagnostics can be obtained with manageable effort, generating annotations is burdensome and time-consuming. Since annotating images for semantic segmentation is particularly exhausting, methods to reduce the human effort are especially valuable. We propose a combined framework that utilizes unsupervised machine learning to automatically generate segmentation masks. Experiments on two biomedical datasets show that
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Reducing human effort"

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Guo, Jinsong. "Reducing human effort in web data extraction." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:04bd39dd-bfec-4c07-91db-980fcbc745ba.

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The human effort in large-scale web data extraction significantly affects both the extraction flexibility and the economic cost. Our work aims to reduce the human effort required by web data extraction tasks in three specific scenarios. (I) Data demand is unclear, and the user has to guide the wrapper induction by annotations. To maximally save the human effort in the annotation process, wrappers should be robust, i.e., immune to the webpage's change, to avoid the wrapper re-generation which requires a re-annotation process. Existing approaches primarily aim at generating accurate wrappers but
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Books on the topic "Reducing human effort"

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Centre for Global Change (Bangladesh) and CARE International Bangladesh, eds. Reducing Vulnerability to Climate Change: The pioneering example of community-based adaptation. Published by Centre for Global Change in association with CARE Bangladesh, 2010.

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McDonald, Gregory J. Reducing youth violence: Coordinated federal efforts and early intervention strategies could help : statement of Gregory J. McDonald, Director of Human Services, Policy and Management Issues, Human Resources Division, before the Committee on Governmental Affairs, United States Senate. The Office, 1992.

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Taubes, Gary. Good calories, bad calories: Fats, carbs, and the controversial science of diet and health. Anchor, 2008.

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Reducing anterior shear during knee extension: Effect of resistance pad location. 1990.

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Reducing anterior shear during knee extension: Effect of resistance pad location. 1990.

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Reducing anterior shear during knee extension: Effect of resistance pad location. 1990.

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Reducing anterior shear during knee extension: Effect of resistance pad location. 1988.

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Sebo, Jeff. Saving Animals, Saving Ourselves. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190861018.001.0001.

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In 2020, COVID-19, the Australia bushfires, and other global threats served as vivid reminders that human and nonhuman fates are increasingly linked. Human use of nonhuman animals is contributing to pandemics, climate change, and other global threats. And these global threats are, in turn, contributing to biodiversity loss, ecosystem collapse, and nonhuman suffering. In this book, Jeff Sebo argues that humans have a moral responsibility to include animals in global health and environmental policy, by reducing our use of animals as part of our mitigation efforts and increasing our support for a
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(Illustrator), Phil Testemale, ed. Our Ecological Footprint: Reducing Human Impact on the Earth (New Catalyst Bioregional Series). New Society Publishers, 1995.

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Whitehart, Jacqueline. Sirt Diet Cookbook. HarperCollins Publishers Limited, 2015.

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Book chapters on the topic "Reducing human effort"

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Siriborvornratanakul, Thitirat. "Reducing Human Annotation Effort Using Self-supervised Learning for Image Segmentation." In Artificial Intelligence in HCI. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-60606-9_26.

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Granell, Emilio, Lorenzo Quirós, Verónica Romero, and Joan Andreu Sánchez. "Reducing the Human Effort in Text Line Segmentation for Historical Documents." In Document Analysis and Recognition – ICDAR 2021. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86334-0_34.

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Khan, Muhammad Haseeb UR Rehman, and Kei Wakabayashi. "Reducing Human Effort in Keyphrase-Based Human-in-the-Loop Topic Models: A Method for Keyphrase Recommendations." In Information Integration and Web Intelligence. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-48316-5_24.

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Lu, Tingming, Man Zhu, and Zhiqiang Gao. "Reducing Human Effort in Named Entity Corpus Construction Based on Ensemble Learning and Annotation Categorization." In Natural Language Understanding and Intelligent Applications. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50496-4_22.

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Kuo, Pei-Yi, Nien-Hsin Wu, and Yi-Ci Jhuang. "SleepyCloud: Examining the Effect of Odor Cue on Reducing Bedtime Procrastination." In Human-Computer Interaction. User Experience and Behavior. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-05412-9_26.

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Kwan, Stephen K., and Jim Spohrer. "Reducing Industry Complexity with International Standards: Current Efforts for Services, E-commerce, Artificial Intelligence." In Advances in the Human Side of Service Engineering. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80840-2_7.

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Glider, Peggy, Kaye Godbey, Patricia Manning, and David Salafsky. "Engaging “Human Capital” to Support Implementation and Sustainability of Prevention and Intervention Efforts on Campus and in the Surrounding Community." In Promoting Behavioral Health and Reducing Risk Among College Students. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315175799-14.

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Ott, Oliver, and Robert Weidner. "Towards Myoelectric Control for Industrial Exoskeletons." In Annals of Scientific Society for Assembly, Handling and Industrial Robotics 2023. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-74010-7_21.

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Abstract Physical support systems such as exoskeletons are gaining importance to support workers in smart and connected factories by reducing physical strain. In order for the exoskeleton to be integrated seamlessly with humans and tasks within the work environment, it must be able to detect and adapt to human intentions. Compared to conventional control, myoelectric control, i.e., control based on measured muscle activity, enables improved human–robot interaction and more intuitive interaction with humans. This paper explores how myoelectric control can improve the interaction of industrial e
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Bedrosian, Bryan. "Avian Predators in Rangelands." In Rangeland Wildlife Ecology and Conservation. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34037-6_14.

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AbstractManagement of avian predators in western rangelands is uniquely challenging due to differences in managing for/against particular species, management of sensitive prey species, long-standing human/wildlife conflicts, and the unique legal protections within this ecological group. In general, many avian predator species considered rangeland specialists have been declining due to habitat loss, fragmentation, human sensitivity, and direct persecution. Conversely, avian predators that are more human-tolerant and/or are subsidized by human activities are significantly increasing across range
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Samans, Richard. "Liberal Economics’ Track Record on Inclusion, Sustainability and Resilience." In Human-Centred Economics. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-37435-7_2.

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AbstractThis chapter summarizes the important historical contribution of liberal economics in accelerating economic growth and reducing poverty, while examining its profound and persistent difficulty in responding effectively to societal demands for greater social inclusion, environmental sustainability and resilience to major shifts and shocks. It traces a growing body of evidence and criticism that modern economics may be constitutionally incapable of addressing these considerations adequately, particularly since its theoretical models generally treat them as afterthoughts, matters assumed t
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Conference papers on the topic "Reducing human effort"

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Ravi, Aswathy, Boya Durgabhavani, Mahesh D M, Rajeshwari Shetty, and Ajith M S. "An IOT-Enabled Precision Agriculture System for Reducing Human effort in Cardamom Cultivation in Polyhouses." In 2025 2nd International Conference on Research Methodologies in Knowledge Management, Artificial Intelligence and Telecommunication Engineering (RMKMATE). IEEE, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1109/rmkmate64874.2025.11042330.

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Gingarasu, Mihai, Elena Mereuta, Valentin Amortila, and George Balasoiu. "SOLUTIONS FOR REDUCING THE AIR POLLUTION GENERATED BY VEHICLE." In 24th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 24. STEF92 Technology, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2024/4.1/s19.58.

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Reducing air pollution is a major objective of road transport, the most important consequence of this reduction being the decrease in the number of illnesses and, implicitly, a better quality of human life. To achieve this goal, researchers� efforts have been directed towards reducing the quantities and treating the exhaust gases of vehicles equipped with internal combustion engines. It is important to note that the reduction of environmental pollution must also aim at decreasing the emissions of particles that are not generated by the operation of internal combustion engines. The work aims to
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Summer, Elizabeth J., Mei Liu, Neil S. Summer, Jason J. Gill, Chris Janes, and Ry Young. "Phage of Sulfate Reducing Bacteria Isolated from High Saline Environment." In CORROSION 2011. NACE International, 2011. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2011-11222.

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Abstract Sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) cause significant problems in the petroleum industry through fouling, corrosion of metal pipelines and infrastructure, and by degradation of petroleum in reservoirs (reservoir souring) and storage facilities. Current control efforts include regular cleaning and the use of chemical biocides that are both toxic to the environment and are not always effective. We are actively investigating the potential use of phage for controlling SRB. Phage are natural, bacteriolytic viruses that are highly specific for bacterial hosts and harmless to all other life form
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Vogel, Tobias, and Felix Naumann. "Semi-Supervised Consensus Clustering: Reducing Human Effort." In 2014 IEEE International Conference on Data Mining Workshop (ICDMW). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icdmw.2014.97.

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Catania, Carlos, and Carlos Garcia Garino. "Towards reducing human effort in network intrusion detection." In 2013 IEEE 7th International Conference on Intelligent Data Acquisition and Advanced Computing Systems: Technology and Applications (IDAACS). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/idaacs.2013.6663006.

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Lin, Tsung-Chi, Achyuthan Unni Krishnan, and Zhi Li. "Shared Autonomous Interface for Reducing Physical Effort in Robot Teleoperation via Human Motion Mapping." In 2020 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icra40945.2020.9197220.

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Koeppen, Ryan, Meghan E. Huber, Dagmar Sternad, and Neville Hogan. "Controlling Physical Interactions: Humans Do Not Minimize Muscle Effort." In ASME 2017 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2017-5202.

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Physical interaction with tools is ubiquitous in functional activities of daily living. While tool use is considered a hallmark of human behavior, how humans control such physical interactions is still poorly understood. When humans perform a motor task, it is commonly suggested that the central nervous system coordinates the musculo-skeletal system to minimize muscle effort. In this paper, we tested if this notion holds true for motor tasks that involve physical interaction. Specifically, we investigated whether humans minimize muscle forces to control physical interaction with a circular kin
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Balachandran, Vipin. "Reducing human effort and improving quality in peer code reviews using automatic static analysis and reviewer recommendation." In 2013 35th International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icse.2013.6606642.

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Cardoso, André, Estela Bicho, Ana Braga, et al. "Enhancing Worker Efficiency and Reducing Cognitive Workload Through Assistive Assembly: A Proof-of-Concept." In Human Interaction and Emerging Technologies (IHIET-AI 2024). AHFE International, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1004557.

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Nowadays, fast-paced and competitive industry, assembly tasks demand significant levels of concentration, precision, and cognitive effort. These challenges often result in mental fatigue, errors, and decreased efficiency among workers. The concept of Assistive Assembly offers a promising solution, harmonizing human dexterity with cutting-edge technology. By integrating ergonomics and robotics, Assistive Assembly has the potential to provide invaluable support to assembly line workers, enabling them to achieve peak performance effortlessly. This study presents a proof-of-concept approach for a
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Corvino, Gabriel, Vitor Vasconcelos Oliveira, Angelo C. Mendes da Silva, and Ricardo Marcondes Marcacini. "On the use of Query by Committee for Human-in-the-Loop Named Entity Recognition." In Symposium on Knowledge Discovery, Mining and Learning. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/kdmile.2022.227953.

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Named Entity Recognition is a relevant task for extracting information from textual data. Traditional methods for training NER models assume that humans annotate entities manually, identifying entities in predefined categories. This strategy presents a great human effort, mainly in more specific application domains. To address these challenges, we consider Human in the Loop (HITL), which can be understood as a set of strategies to incorporate human knowledge and experience into machine learning, while accelerating model training. In this paper, we investigate a classic method called Query by C
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Reports on the topic "Reducing human effort"

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Huijser, Marcel, and Matthew Bell. Exploration of opportunities to address the impacts of roads and traffic on wildlife in and around Harpers Ferry National Historical Park, and New River Gorge National Park and Preserve, West Virginia. Western Transportation Institute, 2024. https://doi.org/10.15788/1734553882.

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This report explores the opportunities for wildlife mitigation in and around two national park units in West Virginia; Harpers Ferry National Historical Park, and New River Gorge National Park and Preserve. The wildlife mitigation measures that will be explored are aimed at: 1. Reducing wildlife-vehicle collisions with large mammals (i.e. coyote and larger), and thereby also improving human safety; 2. Reducing direct road mortality for Species of Greatest Conservation Need (SGCN); and 3. Reducing the barrier effect of roads and traffic and increasing habitat connectivity across major highways
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Naim, Michael, Andrew Spielman, Shlomo Nir, and Ann Noble. Bitter Taste Transduction: Cellular Pathways, Inhibition and Implications for Human Acceptance of Agricultural Food Products. United States Department of Agriculture, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7695839.bard.

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Historically, the aversive response of humans and other mammals to bitter-taste substances has been useful for survival, since many toxic constituents taste bitter. Today, the range of foods available is more diverse. Many bitter foods are not only safe for consumption but contain bitter constituents that provide nutritional benefits. Despite this, these foods are often eliminated from our current diets because of their unacceptable bitterness. Extensive technology has been developed to remove or mask bitterness in foods, but a lack of understanding of the mechanisms of bitterness perception a
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Lorenz, Markus. Auswirkungen des Decoy-Effekts auf die Algorithm Aversion. Sonderforschungsgruppe Institutionenanalyse, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46850/sofia.9783947850013.

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Limitations in the human decision-making process restrict the technological potential of algorithms, which is also referred to as "algorithm aversion". This study uses a laboratory experiment with participants to investigate whether a phenomenon known since 1982 as the "decoy effect" is suitable for reducing algorithm aversion. For numerous analogue products, such as cars, drinks or newspaper subscriptions, the Decoy Effect is known to have a strong influence on human decision-making behaviour. Surprisingly, the decisions between forecasts by humans and Robo Advisors (algorithms) investigated
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Abuya, Timothy, and Wangari Ng'ang'a. Report: Getting it Right! Improving Kenya’s Human Capital by Reducing Stunting—A Household Account. Population Council, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/sbsr2021.1064.

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In the last two decades, Kenya has attained middle-income status and established a diverse and private-sector-driven economy. On several socIo-economic indicators, such as education, gender equality, and democracy, Kenya scores much higher than its peers. More than two-thirds of Kenyans are under 35 years of age, thus the country’s development hinges on the quality of its youth—their levels of education and skills, their values and attitudes, and the quality of their health and productivity. While Kenya’s investments in the development of its human capital positions the country well to sustain
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Malkinson, Mertyn, Irit Davidson, Moshe Kotler, and Richard L. Witter. Epidemiology of Avian Leukosis Virus-subtype J Infection in Broiler Breeder Flocks of Poultry and its Eradication from Pedigree Breeding Stock. United States Department of Agriculture, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2003.7586459.bard.

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Objectives 1. Establish diagnostic procedures to identify tolerant carrier birds based on a) Isolation of ALV-J from blood, b) Detection of group-specific antigen in cloacal swabs and egg albumen. Application of these procedures to broiler breeder flocks with the purpose of removing virus positive birds from the breeding program. 2. Survey the AL V-J infection status of foundation lines to estimate the feasibility of the eradication program 3. Investigate virus transmission through the embryonated egg (vertical) and between chicks in the early post-hatch period (horizontal). Establish a model
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Seamans, Thomas, and Allen Gosser. Bird dispersal techniques. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2016.7207730.ws.

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Conflicts between humans and birds likely have existed since agricultural practices began. Paintings from ancient Greek, Egyptian, and Roman civilizations depict birds attacking crops. In Great Britain, recording of efforts at reducing bird damage began in the 1400s, with books on bird control written in the 1600s. Even so, the problem persists. Avian damage to crops remains an issue today, but we also are concerned with damage to homes, businesses, and aircraft, and the possibility of disease transmission from birds to humans or livestock. Bird dispersal techniques are a vital part of safely
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Tsai, I.-Chen, and Ke-Vin Chang. Effectiveness of Coenzyme Q10 for Reducing Fatigue: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.1.0113.

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Review question / Objective: To investigate the treatment effect of CoQ10 on fatigue syndromes. Eligibility criteria: To generate a recruited study list, the following inclusion criteria will be used: (1) randomized controlled trials (RCTs) enrolling human participants, (2) RCTs investigating the quantitative evaluation of fatigue symptoms before and after CoQ10 supplement, (3) placebo-controlled trials (without limitation of age and treatment duration ) and (4) trials with available data of pre- and post-intervention fatigue assessment or changes in fatigue scores. In this meta-analysis, open
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Hicks, Jacqueline. Drivers of Compliance with International Human Rights Treaties. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.130.

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Are international human rights treaties associated with better rights performance? The appetite for a conclusive answer has driven a number of large scale quantitative studies that have broadly shown little or no effect, and sometimes even a backsliding. However, the headline conclusions belie much more complicated findings, and the research methods used are controversial. These issues undermine confidence in the findings. Comparative and individual case studies allow for more detailed information about how domestic human rights activists use international human rights laws in practice. They t
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Hassell, James M., Salome A. Bukachi, Dishon M. Muloi, Emi Takahashi, and Lydia Franklinos. The Natural Environment and Health in Africa. World Wildlife Fund and the Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5479/10088/111281.

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Much of recent human development has come at the expense of Nature - undermining ecosystems, fragmenting habitats, reducing biodiversity, and increasing our exposure and vulnerability to emerging diseases. For example, as we push deeper into tropical forests, and convert more land to agriculture and human settlements, the rate at which people encounter new pathogens that may trigger the next public health, social and economic crisis, is likely to increase. Expanding and strengthening our understanding of the links between nature and human health is especially important in Africa, where nature
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Walz, Yvonne, Florence Nick, Oscar Higuera Roa, Udo Nehren, and Zita Sebesvari. Coherence and Alignment among Sustainable Land Management, Ecosystem-based Adaptation, Ecosystem-based Disaster Risk Reduction and Nature-based Solutions. United Nations University - Institute for Environment and Human Security, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53324/mwgp9896.

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Abstract:
Approaches integrating environmental management practices have been gaining importance in recent years. Sustainable Land Management (SLM), Ecosystem-based Adaptation (EbA), Ecosystem-based disaster Risk Reduction (Eco-DRR) and Nature-based Solutions (NbS) are widely applied approaches that tackle certain drivers of challenges such as food insecurity, water scarcity, decline in biodiversity and threats to livelihoods, while also considering both human well-being and ecosystem functions and services. Better understanding the similarities, differences and relationships between these approaches he
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