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Journal articles on the topic 'Reductive leaching'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Partinen, Jere, Petteri Halli, Anna Varonen, Benjamin Wilson, and Mari Lundström. "Investigating battery black mass leaching performance as a function of process parameters by combining leaching experiments and regression modeling." Minerals Engineering 215 (July 14, 2024): 108828. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mineng.2024.108828.

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The current paper investigates the leaching phenomena of industrially produced Li-ion battery waste in hydrometallurgical recycling processes. Specifically, it studies the leaching reactions of NMC111-type (LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2) black mass, as well as the statistical behavior of cathode material leaching yields under varying process conditions. The investigated process variables include reductive agent concentrations (Fe2+, Cu, H2O2) as well as process temperature, whereas S/L ratio (200 g/L) and initial acidity (2 M H2SO4) were kept constant. At lower temperatures (T = 30 ◦C), copper was

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2

Doyle, F., and Gretchen Lapidus. "Reductive Leaching of Chalcopyrite by Aluminum." ECS Transactions 2, no. 3 (2019): 189–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.2196009.

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3

Knaislová, Anna, Hong Vu, and Petr Dvořák. "Microwave and Ultrasound Effect on Ammoniacal Leaching of Deep-Sea Nodules." Minerals 8, no. 8 (2018): 351. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min8080351.

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The influence of ultrasound and microwaves on extraction of copper, nickel, and cobalt from manganese deep-sea nodules by reductive ammoniacal leaching in the presence of ammonium thiosulfate as a reducing agent was studied. The ultrasonic ammoniacal leaching provides higher metals extraction, while the effect of microwaves on the metals extraction under the studied leaching conditions is insignificant. In general, increasing leaching temperature increases significantly extraction of the metals of interest. At high temperatures, extraction efficiencies of copper, nickel, and cobalt decrease ov

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4

Castro, Laura, M. Luisa Blázquez, Felisa González, Jesús A. Muñoz, and Antonio Ballester. "Reductive leaching of jarosites by Aeromonas hydrophila." Minerals Engineering 95 (September 2016): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mineng.2016.06.001.

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5

Wu, Xuelan, Shunke Wu, Wenqing Qin, et al. "Reductive leaching of gallium from zinc residue." Hydrometallurgy 113-114 (February 2012): 195–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2011.11.016.

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6

Yang, Bin, Min Guang Fan, Lin Yan Li, et al. "Recovery of Metal Values from Low-Grade Heterogenite with Reductive Ammonia Leaching Method." Advanced Materials Research 910 (March 2014): 110–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.910.110.

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Reductive ammonia leaching method was used to recover Cu and Co from heterogenite. The influences of the reductant quantity, leaching temperature, the concentration ratio of NH3to (NH4)2SO4, leaching time and liquid-solid (L/S) ratio on leaching rate of cobalt and copper were investigated. The optimal conditions at which the leaching rate of copper and cobalt were 96.07%, 98.24% respectively and that of Fe, Mg and Al were almost 0 were as follows: time = 5 h, T = 50°C, the amount of ammonia is 1.2 times of theorrtical, C(NH3):C [(NH4)2SO4] =1:3, L/S ratio = 3:1, and the dosage of Na2SO3is 0.5

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7

Widi Astuti, Kherani Hana Pinania, Donny Lesmana, et al. "Extraction of manganese from Indonesian manganese ore using sugarcane bagasse-acid reductive leaching." Jurnal Rekayasa Proses 19, no. 1 (2025): 50–57. https://doi.org/10.22146/jrekpros.17591.

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In this study, sugarcane bagasse was used as a reducing agent in manganese leaching from manganese ore from Way Kanan, Lampung under acidic conditions using sulfuric acid as a leaching reagent. Bagasse is an agricultural waste from the cane sugar manufacturing industry which is commonly found in Lampung Province. This agricultural waste has the potential to become a reducing agent in manganese leaching because it contains carbon in the form of cellulose and sugar. The optimization of the leaching conditions has been investigated with the parameters of H2SO4 concentration, temperature, and pulp

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8

ZHANG, Chun, Xiao-bo MIN, Jian-qiang ZHANG, Mi WANG, Bo-sheng ZHOU, and Chen SHEN. "Reductive acid leaching of cadmium from zinc neutral leaching residue using hydrazine sulfate." Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 25, no. 12 (2015): 4175–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1003-6326(15)64068-7.

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9

Shoppert, Andrei, Dmitry Valeev, Irina Loginova, and Denis Pankratov. "Low-Temperature Treatment of Boehmitic Bauxite Using the Bayer Reductive Method with the Formation of High-Iron Magnetite Concentrate." Materials 16, no. 13 (2023): 4678. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16134678.

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The Bayer process is the main method of alumina production worldwide. The use of low-quality bauxites for alumina production results in the formation of a significant amount of technogenic waste—bauxite residue (BR). The Bayer reductive method is one possible way to eliminate BR stockpiling, but it requires high-pressure leaching at temperatures higher than 220 °C. In this research, the possibility of boehmitic bauxite atmospheric pressure leaching at both the first and second stages or high-pressure leaching at the second stage with the simultaneous reduction of hematite to magnetite was inve

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10

Chong, Sebastian, William Hawker, and James Vaughan. "Selective reductive leaching of oxidised cobalt containing residue." Minerals Engineering 54 (December 2013): 82–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mineng.2013.04.004.

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11

Das, Alok Prasad, Sarpras Swain, Shriyanka Panda, Nilotpala Pradhan, and Lala Behari Sukla. "Reductive Acid Leaching of Low Grade Manganese Ores." Geomaterials 02, no. 04 (2012): 70–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/gm.2012.24011.

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12

Acharya, Sridhara. "Reductive ammonia leaching of manganese nodules by thiosulfate." Metallurgical Transactions B 22, no. 2 (1991): 259–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02652490.

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13

Kauppinen, Toni, Tuomas Vielma, Justin Salminen, and Ulla Lassi. "Selective Recovery of Manganese from Anode Sludge Residue by Reductive Leaching." ChemEngineering 4, no. 2 (2020): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemengineering4020040.

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Manganese-containing anode sludge is a common side-product in the electrowinning of zinc. The anode sludge consists mainly of oxidized manganese, but also lesser amounts of lead, calcium, and other minor metals. The impurities present in the anode sludge mandate new recycling strategies for its efficient use. This work demonstrates a novel method for selective manganese recovery from lead- and calcium-bearing manganese oxide solid residue. Leaching with sulfuric acid in the presence of a selected reducing agent, such as hydrogen peroxide or citric acid, yields a concentrated MnSO4 solution wit

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14

Luo, Yongjian, Yong Ke, Cong Peng, Yun Li, Yunyan Wang, and Xiaobo Min. "Decomposition of zinc ferrite-based solid waste by reductive leaching: Leaching kinetics and mechanism." Separation and Purification Technology 352 (January 2025): 128166. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2024.128166.

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15

Moro, Kofi, Frank Haubrich, and Mirko Martin. "Preliminary Study on the Reductive Leaching of Manganese Ores using FeSO?/Iron Powder as Reducing Agents under Room Temperature." European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research 6, no. 6 (2021): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejeng.2021.6.6.2572.

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The leaching of manganese (Mn) ore in sulphuric acid (H2SO4) under reductive conditions has been studied. The effects of leaching parameters such as ore/reductant mass ratio, acid concentration, ore particle size, solid/liquid ratio, leaching time and different reductant potential on the maximum recovery of manganese have been investigated. The optimal leaching conditions were ore/reductant mass ratio of 1:3.4, acid concentration of 10% v/v H2SO4, ore particle size of 63-200 µm, particle size of iron powder of –150 µm, solid/liquid ratio of 1:20, and leaching time of 1.5 hours at room temperat

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16

Moro, Kofi, Frank Haubrich, and Mirko Martin. "Preliminary Study on the Reductive Leaching of Manganese Ores using FeSO₄/Iron Powder as Reducing Agents under Room Temperature." European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research 6, no. 6 (2021): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejers.2021.6.6.2572.

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The leaching of manganese (Mn) ore in sulphuric acid (H2SO4) under reductive conditions has been studied. The effects of leaching parameters such as ore/reductant mass ratio, acid concentration, ore particle size, solid/liquid ratio, leaching time and different reductant potential on the maximum recovery of manganese have been investigated. The optimal leaching conditions were ore/reductant mass ratio of 1:3.4, acid concentration of 10% v/v H2SO4, ore particle size of 63-200 µm, particle size of iron powder of –150 µm, solid/liquid ratio of 1:20, and leaching time of 1.5 hours at room temperat

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17

Stopic, Srecko, Richard Schneider, Duško Kostić, et al. "Combined Decarbonizing Technologies for Treatment of Bauxite Residues." Waste 3, no. 2 (2025): 11. https://doi.org/10.3390/waste3020011.

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This study explores both pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical methods for decarbonizing and recovering valuable metals from bauxite residue, with hydrogen plasma reduction and direct acid leaching as the primary approaches. The goal is to offer innovative techniques for extracting metals from bauxite residue, a by-product of the Bayer process, which cannot be disposed of in an environmentally sustainable manner. Additionally, reducing the volume of bauxite residue through combined treatments is a key objective. In contrast to traditional carbon-based reductive melting, which generated sign

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18

Su, Hai Feng, Bo Ji Li, Qing Lu, Yan Xuan Wen, and Jing Su. "Recovery of Nickel and Cobalt from Dimethyldithiocarbamate Precipitation of Pyrolusite Leaching Process." Advanced Materials Research 634-638 (January 2013): 258–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.634-638.258.

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Dimethyldithiocarbamate precipitation is a secondary resource containing nickel and cobalt, which are formed by adding sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate to purify the neutralized filtrate of pyrolusite reductive leaching process. The extraction of nickel and cobalt from dimethyldithiocarbamate precipitation was investigated using nitric acid as oxidant in dilute sulfuric acid medium in this paper. The effects of concentrations of nitric acid and sulfuric acid, leaching temperature as well as reaction time were discussed. The results showed that high nickel and cobalt recovery could be obtained by

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19

Kang, Jinxing, Yayun Wang, and Yunfei Qiu. "The effect of Fe³⁺ ions on the electrochemical behaviour of ocean manganese nodule reduction leaching in sulphuric acid solution." RSC Advances 12, no. 2 (2022): 1121–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ra08440b.

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20

Eisele, T. C., and K. L. Gabby. "Review of Reductive Leaching of Iron by Anaerobic Bacteria." Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy Review 35, no. 2 (2013): 75–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08827508.2012.703627.

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21

Vásquez, Rafael, and Aurora Molina. "Effects of thermal preoxidation on reductive leaching of ilmenite." Minerals Engineering 39 (December 2012): 99–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mineng.2012.05.003.

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22

Safarzadeh, Mohammad Sadegh, Nikhil Dhawan, Mustafa Birinci, and Davood Moradkhani. "Reductive leaching of cobalt from zinc plant purification residues." Hydrometallurgy 106, no. 1-2 (2011): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2010.11.017.

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23

Lu, Youzhi, Huaju Ma, Runjun Huang, Aiqun Yuan, Zengwei Huang, and Zeguang Zhou. "Reductive Leaching of Low-Grade Pyrolusite with Formic Acid." Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B 46, no. 4 (2015): 1709–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11663-015-0380-4.

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24

Zhang, Chun, Xiaobo Min, Jianqiang Zhang, Mi Wang, Yuancheng Li, and Jiangchi Fei. "Reductive clean leaching process of cadmium from hydrometallurgical zinc neutral leaching residue using sulfur dioxide." Journal of Cleaner Production 113 (February 2016): 910–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.11.059.

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25

Zhang, Chun, Xiaobo Min, Liyuan Chai, Jianqiang Zhang, and Mi Wang. "Mechanical Activation-Assisted Reductive Leaching of Cadmium from Zinc Neutral Leaching Residue Using Sulfur Dioxide." JOM 67, no. 12 (2015): 3010–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11837-015-1623-1.

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26

Sequeira, César A. C. "Application of Mixed Potential Theory to Leaching of Mineral Phases." Reactions 3, no. 2 (2022): 312–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/reactions3020023.

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Leaching is a central unit operation in the hydrometallurgical processing of minerals, which often occurs by means of electrochemical reactions. Application of mixed potential theory to explain the kinetics of oxidative and reductive leaching processes is a useful concept in explaining observed results. Native metals, selected oxides, and most base metal sulfides are electron-conducting phases. For these minerals, leaching may take place by normal corrosion, passivation or galvanic couple mechanisms, which provide individual electrode kinetics enabling the calculation of mixed potentials and o

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27

Maddah, F., M. Alitabar, and H. Yoozbashizadeh. "Reductive leaching of indium from the neutral leaching residue using oxalic acid in sulfuric acid solution." International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials 28, no. 3 (2021): 373–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12613-020-1974-7.

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28

Kawamura, Hiroaki, Yutaka Yanaba, Takeshi Yoshikawa, and Kazuki Morita. "Reductive Removal of Phosphorus in Silicon Using CaO-CaF₂ Slag." Materials Science Forum 750 (March 2013): 284–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.750.284.

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In order to verify an alternative metallurgical process of phosphorus removal for solar grade silicon (SOG-Si), slag treatment of metallurgical grade silicon (MG-Si) was conducted followed by acid leaching in the present study. MG-Si containing certain amount of phosphorus and calcium was equilibrated at 1723 and 1773 K with several compositions of the CaO-CaF2 slags and phosphorus in molten silicon was confirmed to be removed into slag phase also by reducing reaction as a form of phosphide ion, P3-, in addition to the phosphate ion, PO43-. These contents were separately determined by a wet ch

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29

Rhee, Seung Whee, and Woo Keun Lee. "Characteristics of Spent Foundry Sand - Loess Mixture as Ceramic Support Materials." Materials Science Forum 510-511 (March 2006): 378–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.510-511.378.

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Spent foundry sand (SFS) from cast iron industry mixed with loess was characterized to recycle spent foundry sand as ceramic support materials. Since SFS mostly consists of sand including binding agents and residue [1], it was used as permeable media, and loess, which has highly adsorptive and reactive properties, was used as support materials Leaching tests such as Korean Leaching Test (KLT) and TCLP (Toxicity Characteristics Leaching Procedure) showed that spent foundry sands from cast iron industry were not hazardous. Turbidity in furan sand was much higher than that in other sands, and tur

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30

Sobianowska-Turek, Agnieszka, Amelia Zielińska, Weronika Urbańska, et al. "Optimizing Acidic Reductive Leaching for Lithium Recovery: Enhancing Sustainable Lithium Supply for Energy Markets." Energies 18, no. 2 (2025): 398. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18020398.

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The growing demand for lithium, driven by its crucial role in energy storage technologies such as lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles, renewable energy storage, and portable electronics, is intensifying the need for sustainable extraction methods. While lithium is sourced from both primary and secondary resources, particularly from recycled materials, the recovery from spent lithium-ion batteries remains challenging. This article presents acidic reductive leaching as a promising alternative for lithium extraction from secondary sources and unconventional ores, emphasizing its potential

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31

Ocampo-López, Carlos, Álvaro Ospina-Sanjuan, Margarita Ramírez-Carmona, and Leidy Rendón-Castrillón. "Development of a Model to Estimate the Thermodynamic Stability of Organic Substances in Leaching Processes." Metals 12, no. 9 (2022): 1424. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12091424.

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The leaching processes for metals using organic substances represent a sustainable approach to recover precious minerals from solid matrices. However, the generation of organometallic species and the lack of thermodynamic diagrams make it difficult to advance the understanding of their behavior and optimize the process. In this work, a thermodynamically and stoichiometrically consistent mathematical model was developed to estimate the thermodynamic stability of organic substances during the leaching process, and iron leaching with oxalic acid was used as a case study. The Pourbaix and the glob

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32

Lee, Churl Kyoung, and Kang-In Rhee. "Reductive leaching of cathodic active materials from lithium ion battery wastes." Hydrometallurgy 68, no. 1-3 (2003): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-386x(02)00167-6.

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33

Yi, Ai-fei, Meng-ni Wu, Peng-wei Liu, Ya-li Feng, and Hao-ran Li. "Reductive leaching of low-grade manganese ore with pre-processed cornstalk." International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy, and Materials 22, no. 12 (2015): 1245–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12613-015-1191-y.

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34

Fattahi, A., F. Rashchi, and E. Abkhoshk. "Reductive leaching of zinc, cobalt and manganese from zinc plant residue." Hydrometallurgy 161 (May 2016): 185–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2016.02.003.

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35

Martínez-Gómez, V. J., J. C. Fuentes-Aceituno, R. Pérez-Garibay, and Jae-chun Lee. "A phenomenological study of the electro-assisted reductive leaching of chalcopyrite." Hydrometallurgy 164 (September 2016): 54–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2016.05.008.

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36

Pracejus, B., R. A. Varga, J. C. Madgwick, L. A. Frakes, and B. R. Bolton. "Effects of mineral composition on microbiological reductive leaching of manganese oxides." Chemical Geology 88, no. 1-2 (1990): 143–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(90)90108-j.

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37

Astuti, W., F. R. Mufakhir, E. Prasetyo, et al. "Effect of ore mineralogy on the reductive-leaching of manganese ores." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 478 (February 26, 2019): 012014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/478/1/012014.

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38

Peng, Ning, Bing Peng, Hui Liu, Ke Xue, Dong Chen, and Dong-Hong Lin. "Reductive roasting and ammonia leaching of high iron-bearing zinc calcines." Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy 127, no. 1 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03719553.2016.1258136.

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39

Yu, Lin, Siying Zhao, Jianping Guo, et al. "Detoxification of thallium from lithium smelting slag by reductive acid leaching." Waste Management 204 (August 2025): 114965. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2025.114965.

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40

Zhang, Y., B. Liu, Z. Su, J. Chen, G. Li, and T. Jiang. "Effect of Na2Co3 on the preparation of metallic tin from cassiterite roasted under strong reductive atmosphere." Journal of Mining and Metallurgy, Section B: Metallurgy 52, no. 1 (2016): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jmmb150207006z.

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Tin is an indispensable metal in the modern industry. The current tin smelting processes, however, have the disadvantages of high smelting temperature, long smelting time, especially high tin loss ratio (>10 wt%). The tin loss attributes to the volatilization as gaseous SnO and stannous silicate (SnO?SiO2) residual in the slag. An innovative approach for preparing metallic tin effectively from cassiterite in the presence of Na2CO3, named gas-based reduction roasting followed by water leaching process, is under development in Central South University, China. The present study, using chemical

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41

Cardenia, Chiara, Efthymios Balomenos, Pritii Wai Yin Tam, and Dimitrios Panias. "A Combined Soda Sintering and Microwave Reductive Roasting Process of Bauxite Residue for Iron Recovery." Minerals 11, no. 2 (2021): 222. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11020222.

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In this study an integrated process is presented as a suitable method to transform Fe3+ oxides present in bauxite residue into magnetic oxides and metallic iron through a microwave roasting reduction, avoiding the formation of hercynite (FeAl2O4). In the first step, all the alumina phases were transformed into sodium aluminates by adding sodium carbonate as a flux to BR and then leached out through alkali-leaching to recover alumina. Subsequently, the leaching residue was mixed with carbon and roasted by using a microwave furnace at the optimum conditions. The iron oxide present in the sinter

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42

Chen, Yongming, Di Chang, Nannan Liu, et al. "Biomass-Assisted Reductive Leaching in H2SO4 Medium for the Recovery of Valuable Metals from Spent Mixed-Type Lithium-Ion Batteries." JOM 71, no. 12 (2019): 4465–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11837-019-03775-3.

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Abstract A hydrometallurgical method involving natural biomass waste as reductant was proposed for the treatment of spent mixed-type lithium-ion batteries. Results showed that almost complete dissolution of Li, Ni, Mn and nearly 90% dissolution of Co were achieved under the optimal conditions of H2SO4 concentration of 2 M, waste tea biomass dosage of 0.3 g/g, solid/ratio of 50 g L−1, temperature of 90°C and time of 120 min. The leaching kinetics was further investigated, and the activation energies were determined to be 1.7 kJ mol−1, 10.3 kJ mol−1, 10.1 kJ mol−1 and 10.9 kJ mol−1 for Li, Ni, M

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43

Zhang, Xin, Guanghui Li, Mingjun Rao, et al. "Co-Conversion Mechanisms of Boron and Iron Components of Ludwigite Ore during Reductive Soda-Ash Roasting." Metals 10, no. 11 (2020): 1514. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10111514.

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Ludwigite ore is a typical intergrown mineral resource found in China. Reductive soda-ash roasting followed by water leaching is an innovative process for the high-efficiency separation and recovery of boron and iron. In this study, the co-conversion mechanism of boron activation and iron reduction during soda-ash reductive roasting for boron-bearing iron concentrate was clarified. When the boron-bearing iron concentrate was reduced in the presence of Na2CO3, szaibelyite (Mg2(OH)(B2O4) (OH)) was activated to sodium metaborate (NaBO2) and, meanwhile, magnetite (Fe3O4) was reduced to metallic ir

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44

You, Z., G. Li, Z. Peng, L. Qin, Y. Zhang, and T. Jiang. "Reductive roasting of iron-rich manganese oxide ore with elemental sulfur for selective manganese extraction." Journal of Mining and Metallurgy, Section B: Metallurgy 53, no. 2 (2017): 115–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jmmb150223008y.

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It is very important to selectively reduce manganese oxide over iron oxide for extraction of Mn from iron-rich manganese ore. In this study, reductive roasting of an iron-rich manganese oxide ore with elemental sulfur as reductant was investigated. The experimental results demonstrated that manganese dioxide can be selectively reduced with elemental sulfur and extracted via acid leaching, which was largely depended on the sulfur addition. Lower sulfur addition (S/Mn molar ratio<1.0) results in higher selectivity, which is independent of roasting temperature. More than 95% manganese and less

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45

Fan, Yangyang, Yan Liu, Liping Niu, Weiguang Zhang, and Zimu Zhang. "Reductive leaching of indium from zinc-leached residue using galena as reductant." Minerals Engineering 163 (March 2021): 106777. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mineng.2021.106777.

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46

Iwai, Masao, Noriko Okui, Koichi Arai, Toshio Izaki, Yasuhiro Awakura, and Hiroshi Majima. "Hydrometallurgical Treatment of Manganese-nodule by using the Oxidative-reductive Leaching Method." Journal of the Japan Institute of Metals 51, no. 5 (1987): 432–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/jinstmet1952.51.5_432.

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47

Addai, Emmanuel Kwasi, Francis Acquah, Isaac Yeboah, and Albert Addo. "Reductive leaching of blended manganese carbonate and pyrolusite ores in sulphuric acid." International Journal of Mining and Mineral Engineering 7, no. 1 (2016): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmme.2016.074591.

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48

Shen, Wu, Bing Liao, Weiyi Sun, Shijun Su, and Sanglan Ding. "Adsorption of Congo red from aqueous solution onto pyrolusite reductive leaching residue." Desalination and Water Treatment 52, no. 19-21 (2013): 3564–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19443994.2013.855680.

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Vieceli, Nathália, Carlos A. Nogueira, Carlos Guimarães, Manuel F. C. Pereira, Fernando O. Durão, and Fernanda Margarido. "Hydrometallurgical recycling of lithium-ion batteries by reductive leaching with sodium metabisulphite." Waste Management 71 (January 2018): 350–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2017.09.032.

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Trifoni, M., L. Toro, and F. Vegliò. "Reductive leaching of manganiferous ores by glucose and H2SO4: effect of alcohols." Hydrometallurgy 59, no. 1 (2001): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-386x(00)00138-9.

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