Journal articles: 'Reentry programs'

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Jonson, Cheryl Lero, and Francis T. Cullen. "Prisoner Reentry Programs." Crime and Justice 44, no. 1 (September 2015): 517–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/681554.

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Blakeney, P., P. Moore, W. Meyer, B. Bishop, L. Murphy, M. Robson, and D. Herndon. "Efficacy of School Reentry Programs." Journal of Burn Care & Rehabilitation 16, no. 4 (July 1995): 469–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004630-199507000-00018.

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Lee, Jane Jean-Hee, Vincent Guilamo-Ramos, Miguel Muñoz-Laboy, Kevin Lotz, and Lindsay Bornheimer. "Mechanisms of Familial Influence on Reentry among Formerly Incarcerated Latino Men." Social Work 61, no. 3 (April 26, 2016): 199–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sw/sww023.

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Abstract In the United States more than 10,000 people are released from state and federal prisons every week and often reenter the communities in which they were arrested. Formerly incarcerated individuals face considerable challenges to securing employment and housing. Subsequently, approximately two-thirds of former prisoners are rearrested within three years of their release. Latino men represent the fastest growing ethnic group of prisoners in the United States with unique cultural and social needs during the reentry process. The present study examined the role of the family in the reentry process through in-depth interviews (N = 16) with formerly incarcerated Latino men (FILM). The authors sought to identify familial processes specific to Latino men with potential to affect engagement and participation in reentry programs. Findings suggest that family mechanisms of social control and social support influence FILM’s reentry. Social work practitioners who work with this growing population can engage familial processes to prevent recidivism and promote desistance.

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Gill, Charlotte, and David B. Wilson. "Improving the Success of Reentry Programs." Criminal Justice and Behavior 44, no. 3 (December 21, 2016): 336–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093854816682048.

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Returning citizens face significant barriers to reintegration after incarceration, yet evidence for the effectiveness of reentry programs is limited. A possible explanation is the lack of specificity in matching services to individuals’ unique risk and need profiles. To assess the impact of this “service–need fit” on both self-reported and official recidivism, we conducted a secondary analysis of data from the Serious and Violent Offender Reentry Initiative (SVORI) evaluation using propensity score modeling and logistic regression. Increased fit was significantly associated with reduced recidivism for both types of outcome. We also found that fewer than half of the participants received the services they said they needed. Our findings are based on self-reported needs and services rather than clinical risk assessments. However, service–need fit appears to be an important determinant of successful reentry. Future research should focus on optimizing the combination and tailoring of services and integrating perceived need with actuarial assessments.

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Montague, David R., La Verne Bell Tolliver, and Jennifer M. Miller. "Inmate Sincerity via Community Reentry." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 2, no. 6 (June 30, 2014): 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol2.iss6.191.

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While numerous states have programs within their prisons, community reentry-to-society is a topical area of focus. These programs require little operational funding but have a direct impact on rehabilitation of inmates. Reentry often involves outside volunteers who share invaluable lessons with inmates. With the use of precious correctional resources at issue perpetually, this study is important in examining the validity of a portion of the reentry application forms used in an Arkansas state reentry program. Findings should be of use to corrections officials, researchers and those with any interest in rehabilitation.

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Matthews, Esther. "Peer-focused prison reentry programs: Which peer characteristics matter most?" Incarceration 2, no. 2 (July 2021): 263266632110199. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/26326663211019958.

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Over the past two decades, recidivism rates have remained relatively stable, leading practitioners to explore innovative reentry solutions. One reentry model, based on the concept of peer mentorship, has received renewed attention. Unfortunately, little is known about which peer characteristics make mentors most effective in a prison setting. This study uses participant observation and semi-structured interviews, embedded with survey questions, to understand which “peer” characteristics prison staff, peer mentors, and mentees perceive as the most important. Analysis of survey data also suggests that a history of incarceration is perceived as the most important characteristic for peer mentors in a reentry context. Additionally, the qualitative analysis reveals that mentors need to be perceived as credible to be effective role models for reentry. This credibility was almost exclusively linked to a lived experience of incarceration. Peer mentorship remains a viable option for improving reentry outcomes, but hiring the appropriate, credible peers is essential for effective implementation.

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Herman, Susan, and Cressida Wasserman. "A Role for Victims in Offender Reentry." Crime & Delinquency 47, no. 3 (July 2001): 428–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011128701047003008.

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The current scale of offender reentry creates unprecedented challenges for those, including victims, who have an interest in the successful reintegration of offenders into the community. Current problem-solving approaches emphasize the need for continuity between in-custody and postrelease programs and the importance of partnerships and collaborations in supervision and support for offenders. These developments offer increasing opportunities to victims and victims organizations because their experience and knowledge are often directly relevant to reentry issues. Increased victim involvement in the planning, management, and implementation of reentry policies and programs can contribute positively to better informed decisions and the achievement of reentry goals.

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Lattimore, Pamela K., Christy A. Visher, Laura Winterfield, Christine Lindquist, and Susan Brumbaugh. "Implementation of Prisoner Reentry Programs: Findings from the Serious and Violent Offender Reentry Initiative Multi-Site Evaluation." Justice Research and Policy 7, no. 2 (December 2005): 87–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3818/jrp.7.2.2005.87.

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The multi-site evaluation of the federal Serious and Violent Offender Reentry Initiative (SVORI) is assessing the impact on post-release offender behavior of reentry programs funded in 2002–2003 with more than $150 million in federal grant monies. The multi-faceted SVORI programs provide prison- and community-based services and programming to help released prisoners successfully transition from prison to the community. Each program was locally designed and, thus, the programs vary considerably in approach, services provided, and target populations. Although the primary purpose of the multi-site evaluation is to determine the impact of the SVORI programs, an implementation assessment is being conducted to characterize the programs in order to answer the question “impact of what?” This paper provides a brief background on prisoner reentry and the SVORI, and examines the implementation and structure of the 89 reentry programs operated by the 69 SVORI grantees. The findings, based on a program director survey, show that two years following the grant award only 74% of the programs reported being fully operational, and 31% of those reported taking more than 12 months to achieve full implementation. In addition, although most programs are targeting a broad range of offenders, enrollment of participants has proven to be a significant challenge in many sites where enrollments are below expectation. Finally, while most programs reported providing a variety of services and programs to participants, the types and quantities varied considerably among the programs.

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Kenagy, Gretchen P., Barbara S. Schneidman, Barbara Barzansky, Claudette Dalton, Carl A. Sirio, and Susan E. Skochelak. "Guiding Principles for Physician Reentry Programs." Journal of Continuing Education in the Health Professions 31, no. 2 (2011): 117–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chp.20115.

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Seiter, Richard P., and Karen R. Kadela. "Prisoner Reentry: What Works, What Does Not, and What Is Promising." Crime & Delinquency 49, no. 3 (July 2003): 360–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011128703049003002.

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During the past decade, there has been a renewed interest in prisoner reentry. This is due to a change in many of the factors surrounding the release of prisoners and their reentry to the community. These changes include a modification of sentencing from the use of parole to determinate release with fewer ex-offenders having supervision in the community, an increased emphasis on surveillance rather than assistance for those under supervision, less community stability and availability of community social service support, and dramatically larger numbers returning to the community. More releasees are being violated and returned to the community than ever before. Therefore, it is important to identify prisoner reentry programs that work. We define reentry, categorize reentry programs, and use the Maryland Scale of Scientific Method to determine the effectiveness of program categories. We conclude that many such categories are effective in aiding reentry and reducing recidivism.

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Varjavand, Nielufar, Cynthia Johnson, Mark J. Greco, and Pamela Duke. "Physician Reentry: Results of a Post-Program Survey." Journal of Medical Regulation 105, no. 3 (October 1, 2019): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.30770/2572-1852-105.3.14.

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ABSTRACT In the United States, clinically inactive physicians are asked to demonstrate refreshed skills and knowledge for relicensure or recredentialing. Limited data exists about these programs' outcomes and participants' perspectives. Our survey results from physicians who completed a reentry preceptorship program in the United States will help better guide how programs can be tailored to fit reentry physicians' goals. Physicians who completed a reentry program between November 2006 and April 2013 were asked to complete an anonymous survey, with 50 of 64 physicians responding (78% response rate). Most were men, 41–59 years of age, board certified, self-referred, unemployed, with an active medical license, and reporting a median eight years of clinical inactivity. Physicians' top three goals for participating in the program were clinical employment, regaining their medical license, and refreshing their skills. A majority (n=37, 74%) achieved their primary goal within a year of program completion. Most reported that the course prepared them for their current work and resolved challenges of reentry, including improvement in their confidence, medical knowledge and clinical skills. This is the first paper looking at returning physicians' perspectives about their refresher/reentry program experience and outcomes. This survey helps reentry programs better understand their participants' views to provide valuable training, mentoring and placement counseling.

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Apel, Robert. "Transitional jobs program Putting employment-based reentry programs into context." Criminology & Public Policy 10, no. 4 (November 2011): 939–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-9133.2011.00781.x.

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Hammett, Theodore M., Cheryl Roberts, and Sofia Kennedy. "Health-Related Issues in Prisoner Reentry." Crime & Delinquency 47, no. 3 (July 2001): 390–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011128701047003006.

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Correctional inmates and ex-offenders are disproportionately burdened by medical and mental health problems. This article reviews the state of programs and research in five health-related issues important to these inmates' successful transitions to the community: discharge planning, community linkages, and continuity of care; adherence to treatment regimens; availability of housing; quick access to benefit programs; and the particular needs of dually and triply diagnosed individuals. In general, such services are currently inadequate, although there are exemplary programs and promising strategies in some of these realms. Additional research is needed to evaluate current programs and encourage their replication and enhancement. The disproportionate share of the nation's total burden of health problems found among inmates and the potential public health and fiscal benefits of an improved response should make this research a high priority.

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Snider, Jamie S., and Stephen Reysen. "Effect of Framing of Reentry Program on Perceptions of Ex-Offenders." World Journal of Social Science Research 1, no. 1 (June 10, 2014): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/wjssr.v1n1p68.

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<p>We examine the effect of the framing of reentry programs on participants’ perceptions of ex-offenders. Across four studies, participants expressed more favorable attitudes toward an ex-offender who completed a global citizen reentry program than an ex-offender who did not complete a reentry program. The results show that ex-offenders who complete a global citizen reentry program (vs. no program) are viewed as more likeable and similar to oneself, which then predicts reduced prejudice and greater endorsement to hire the ex-offender. The results are discussed in relation to the crossed categorization model of prejudice reduction.</p>

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Wielkiewicz, Richard M., and Laura W. Turkowski. "Reentry Issues Upon Returning From Study Abroad Programs." Journal of College Student Development 51, no. 6 (2010): 649–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/csd.2010.0015.

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Silver, Ian A., Joshua C. Cochran, Ryan T. Motz, and Joseph L. Nedelec. "Academic Achievement and the Implications for Prison Program Effectiveness and Reentry." Criminal Justice and Behavior 47, no. 7 (May 16, 2020): 848–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093854820919790.

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The current study examines how academic achievement—measured as verbal and math performance—is associated with prison programming and reentry. We assess how academic achievement might be directly associated with recidivism and whether this occurs indirectly by moderating the effectiveness of in-prison programs. Using a statewide subsample of incarcerated individuals ( N = 13,536), the results illustrated that academic achievement directly and indirectly affected the likelihood of recidivism. Lower academic achievement was associated with a higher likelihood of recidivism immediately upon reentry, but was also linked to greater effectiveness of prison programs aimed at reducing recidivism. The reduction in the likelihood of reincarceration associated with program participation was greater for individuals with lower academic achievement compared with those with higher academic achievement. The results underscore how individual differences can lead to heterogeneous outcomes and emphasize the need to target those individuals most likely to struggle with the practical barriers of reentry.

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Viglione, Jill, Jennifer Lerch, Danielle S. Rudes, and Faye S. Taxman. "Big Stick Management." Criminal Justice and Behavior 44, no. 2 (September 24, 2016): 163–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093854816668917.

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Reentry correctional facilities play a critical role in preparing inmates to successfully transition back to the community. Part of this role includes providing a structured program, which allows for gradual transition from prison life to the community through work, education, and counseling programs. Little research reveals how correctional officers (COs) maintain control and promote rule compliance within a reentry environment. Using administrative, survey, and ethnographic data, we examine how COs in a reentry-focused prison manage the inmate population. Correctional officers do not report using misconducts in surveys and observations, but administrative data reveal staff often use formal misconducts even for minor infractions. The number of accumulated misconducts an inmate received, seriousness of the current violation, and officer tenure significantly relate to the severity of present misconduct outcomes. Considering the mission and goals of reentry facilities, this study has significant implications for the reentry process and inmate experience.

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Myers, Randolph R., and Tim Goddard. "Virtuous profits: Pay for success arrangements and the future of recidivism reduction." Punishment & Society 20, no. 2 (December 7, 2016): 155–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1462474516680209.

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Pay for success contracting is the latest financial instrument for funding social programs. Governments in Australia, the UK, the US, and elsewhere are piloting their use in reentry programs, youth offender programs, and a host of other initiatives aimed at homelessness, child welfare, workforce development, and preventive health care. Under a pay for success arrangement, private investors put up capital to fund a program, and if successful, a government agency will repay the investors with a yield, that is, with a profit. This article situates pay for success contracting in the context of reentry and decarceration and it theorizes how the arrangement will reverberate through new alternatives to incarceration and fundamentally change the meaning of “what works.” The article concludes by locating pay for success within the broader drift toward securitizing marginal populations under neoliberalism.

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Henry, Jessica S. "Closing the legal services gap in prisoner reentry programs." Criminal Justice Studies 21, no. 1 (March 1, 2008): 15–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14786010801972654.

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Campbell, Bonita J., and Tobi A. Roffman. "Women in Engineering: Programs for Reentry and Career Change." IEEE Transactions on Education 28, no. 4 (November 1985): 215–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/te.1985.4321780.

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Veeh, Christopher A., Tanya Renn, and Carrie Pettus-Davis. "Promoting Reentry Well-Being: A Novel Assessment Tool for Individualized Service Assignment in Prisoner Reentry Programs." Social Work 63, no. 1 (November 9, 2017): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sw/swx050.

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Berghuis, Maria. "Reentry Programs for Adult Male Offender Recidivism and Reintegration: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology 62, no. 14 (June 11, 2018): 4655–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306624x18778448.

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The aim of this review is to assess the effectiveness of reentry programs designed to reduce recidivism and ensure successful reintegration among adult, male offenders. Studies were included if they (a) evaluated a reentry program incorporating elements dealing with the transition from prison to community for adult, male offenders; (b) utilized a randomized controlled design; and (c) measured recidivism as a primary outcome. In addition, secondary outcomes measures of reintegration were also included. The systematic search of 8,179 titles revealed nine randomized controlled evaluations that fulfilled eligibility criteria. The random-effects meta-analysis for rearrest revealed a statistically nonsignificant effect favoring the intervention (odds ratio [OR] = 0.89, 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.74, 1.07]). Similar results were found for reconviction (OR = 0.94, 95% CI [0.77, 1.12]) and reincarceration (OR = 0.90, 95% CI [0.78, 1.05]). Studies reported mixed results of secondary outcomes of reintegration. The results of this review reflect the variability of findings on reducing recidivism. The challenges faced in conducting this review highlight a need for further research and theory development around reentry programs.

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Schlager, Melinda D. "Through the Looking Glass: Taking Stock of Offender Reentry." Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice 34, no. 1 (January 15, 2018): 69–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1043986217750443.

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Offender reentry has been part of the fabric of the criminal justice system since the first prison opened its doors and people who went in the front door were, at some point, released. Traditionally, the research on offender reentry has either supported best practice by determining what specific individual-level programming “works” or “doesn’t work” or it has assessed the success of programs in terms of their ability to reduce recidivism. And while we may have moved the dial in the last 50 years with respect to what we know about individual-level offender reentry attributes, there is no effective overarching narrative to explain the offender reentry phenomenon. Overwhelmingly, practitioners and academics in the criminal justice system operate within a paradigm that assesses and evaluates everything using risk. Unfortunately, a risk- or deficit-focused approach to viewing offender reentry severely limits our ability to think differently about the problem. However, if we employ a paradigm for offender reentry that focuses less on problems and more on strengths, different outcomes are possible. Work done in social work that promotes “strengths-based, solution-focused, capacity building, asset creating, motivation enhancing” empowerment models that accentuate the positive serves as an exemplar for us to use in criminal justice when discussing offender reentry. The three strengths-based principles adapted to offender reentry and discussed here are as follows: Officer–offender relationships that emphasize collaboration will promote law-abiding, prosocial behavior; offenders who are empowered will be more likely to seek to change; and cooperation from the community is key to successful offender reentry. Fiscal, political, and common sense reasons for using a strengths-based approach to offender reentry are discussed.

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Greene, Joss T. "Categorical Exclusions: How Racialized Gender Regulation Reproduces Reentry Hardship." Social Problems 66, no. 4 (November 28, 2018): 548–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/socpro/spy023.

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AbstractSince gender organizes key reentry services such as housing, formerly incarcerated people seeking resources must successfully inhabit a gender category. Drawing on seven months of ethnography and 79 interviews with service providers and formerly incarcerated transgender people, I show that these organizational practices of gender categorization are racialized and impact resource access. Most gender-segregated housing programs rely on biology-based definitions of gender. These gender rules create workable options for trans men to stay with women, but bar trans women from women’s spaces. Once in gendered housing programs, clients need to navigate gender assessment in interactions. Trans men employed several strategies to establish gendered selves who were easily categorized as either male or female, which allowed them to access stable housing. Gender sanctioning posed a major problem for black trans women. Black trans women were highly scrutinized in women’s programs, characterized as illegitimate based on biological definitions of gender, and harassed for any perceived deviation from gender norms. When harassment escalated into conflict, they were expelled from programs. Regulation of black trans women’s womanhood led to systematic material deprivation. By understanding the connections between categorical exclusions and exclusion from resources we can better understand the reproduction of reentry hardship and inequality more broadly.

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Roman, Caterina G., and Nathan W. Link. "Community Reintegration Among Prisoners With Child Support Obligations: An Examination of Debt, Needs, and Service Receipt." Criminal Justice Policy Review 28, no. 9 (October 19, 2015): 896–917. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0887403415611460.

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In line with emerging work on the role of fatherhood in prisoner reentry, this study directs attention to the financial obligations that connect fathers to their families in reentry. Specifically, the study provides a descriptive picture of soon-to-be-released male state prisoners with child support obligations using a multi-state, longitudinal dataset, and examines whether characteristics of incarcerated men with child support orders and associated debt are significantly different from incarcerated males without child support orders. Whether males attached to comprehensive reentry programs received more services related to their debt obligation after prison release compared with non-program participants is also analyzed. Findings show that although prisoners identify having substantial needs vis-à-vis child support obligations, few reported receiving assistance related to these needs upon release. However, reentry program participants received significantly more child support–related services than non-program participants. Implications for community services and support for returning prisoners with child support orders and related needs are discussed.

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Bouchard, Jessica, and Jennifer S. Wong. "Examining the Effects of Intensive Supervision and Aftercare Programs for At-Risk Youth: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology 62, no. 6 (February 8, 2017): 1509–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306624x17690449.

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Community correctional sentences are administered to more juvenile offenders in North America than any other judicial sentence. Particularly prominent in juvenile corrections is intensive supervision probation and aftercare/reentry, yet the effects of these supervision-oriented interventions on recidivism are mixed. The purpose of this meta-analysis is to determine the effects of intensive supervision probation and aftercare/reentry on juvenile recidivism. An extensive search of the literature and application of strict inclusion criteria resulted in the selection of 27 studies that contributed 55 individual effect sizes. Studies were pooled based on intervention type (intensive supervision probation or aftercare/reentry) and outcome measure (alleged or convicted offenses). The pooled analyses yielded contradictory results with respect to outcome measure; in both cases, supervision had a beneficial effect on alleged offenses and negatively affected convicted offenses. These patterns across intervention type and outcome measure, as well as recommendations for future research, are discussed.

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Ostermann, Michael, and Jordan M. Hyatt. "When Frontloading Backfires: Exploring the Impact of Outsourcing Correctional Interventions on Mechanisms of Social Control." Law & Social Inquiry 43, no. 04 (2018): 1308–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/lsi.12300.

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This study demonstrates the effects of frontloading rehabilitative services to parolees through third-party residential and community-based programs. Although outsourcing treatment responsibilities to contracted reentry facilities is an increasingly common feature of postrelease supervision, the role these facilities play in reentry management and recidivism outcomes remains largely unexplored. Here, several common recidivism outcomes for parolees who attended private treatment facilities upon release are compared to those of parolees who did not. We conducted Correctional Programs Checklist assessments on each treatment site to investigate whether recidivism outcomes vary by level of programmatic quality. Our findings indicate that parolees who receive frontloaded services are significantly less likely to be rearrested or reconvicted for new crimes within eighteen months of release. These findings held across levels of programmatic quality, with larger reductions observed for programs of higher quality, and align with broader emphases in community corrections on risk assessment and organizational demands for efficiency.

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Fox, Kathryn J. "Contextualizing the Policy and Pragmatics of Reintegrating Sex Offenders." Sexual Abuse 29, no. 1 (August 2, 2016): 28–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1079063215574711.

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As sanctions for those convicted of sex offenses have increased over recent years, the risk for reoffense presented by social isolation increases. Because most jurisdictions struggle with how best to manage and reintegrate sex offenders, this study analyzes bureaucratic and contextual issues with arranging community-based reintegration programs. Specifically, this qualitative, process-oriented study examines and compares Circles of Support & Accountability (CoSA) programs from the United States (specifically, Vermont) and New Zealand. CoSAs provide support for medium- to high-risk sex offenders as they are released to communities. The programs are compared with regard to their structures, the relationship to Corrections, the role of communities, and core members’ reentry challenges. The implications of each configuration are explored. As most of the existing research on CoSAs is focused on recidivism, and as the U.S. federal government is expanding the use of CoSA, this article fills a void in our understanding of the role that communities can play in reintegrating sexual offenders and how program structures shape reentry.

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Veeh, Christopher A., Margaret E. Severson, and Jaehoon Lee. "Evaluation of a Serious and Violent Offender Reentry Initiative (SVORI) Program in a Midwest State." Criminal Justice Policy Review 28, no. 3 (July 25, 2016): 238–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0887403415575144.

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The Serious and Violent Offender Reentry Initiative (SVORI) paved the way for a new era of rehabilitation in corrections’ programming. However, published outcome evaluations of SVORI programs and their progeny are limited in number. The current article presents the multiyear outcome evaluation of one prisoner reentry initiative established in a Midwestern state, which was developed within the framework of the SVORI program model. A comparison group was identified using propensity score matching to evaluate program effectiveness on the recidivism outcomes of returns to prison and new convictions. Cox proportional hazards modeling found program participants to have significantly lower hazard to incur a new conviction than the comparison group but no difference in the hazard for reincarceration. The implications of these mixed findings in recidivism outcomes are discussed for the reentry program initiative.

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Ojha, Mamta U., Catherine M. Pape, and Melissa W. Burek. "Reentry in a Comparative Context: Exploring Past, Present, and Future Participation in Services Between Nonurban and Urban Inmates." Prison Journal 98, no. 2 (January 24, 2018): 163–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0032885517753158.

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Studies on offender reentry have consistently shown that lack of, or limited access to, needed postrelease resources and services adversely affects recidivism. Few studies have taken into consideration nonurban and urban contexts for reentry services and program participation. Toward this end, 130 currently incarcerated offenders were surveyed. The results of this study indicate that there were significant differences in employment and other services utilization observed between the two subsamples that varied depending on involvement prior to prison and during incarceration, and affecting the types of programs and services inmates would like to access postrelease.

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Vaisman, Diana Cantini, and Tomer Einat. "Mental Health Outcomes for Female Inmates without a Mental Disorder: Imprisonment and Post-release Effects of Confinement with Women with a Mental Illness." Prison Journal 101, no. 3 (April 19, 2021): 306–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00328855211010412.

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This study explores the well-being of women offenders without mental disorders during imprisonment and reentry after having been confined with mentally ill female inmates. We found that this joint confinement causes great distress to the mentally stable female inmates, harming both their mental, physical, and emotional condition and their reentry process and rehabilitation. Our findings led us to conclude that women prisoners should be separated from those with mental disorders or be offered a wide range of psychological and emotional coping tools as well as variety of rehabilitative treatment programs.

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Brown, Samantha M., Rebecca Orsi, and Pang Ching Bobby Chen. "Child, Family, and Case Characteristics Associated With Reentry Into Out-of-Home Care Among Children and Youth Involved With Child Protection Services." Child Maltreatment 25, no. 2 (August 20, 2019): 162–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077559519869395.

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Many children and youth with child protection services (CPS) involvement enter out-of-home care. The aims of this study were to examine rates of reentry and risk factors associated with reentry into out-of-home care among children and youth involved in the child protection (reported for abuse/neglect) and youth-in-conflict (reported for behavioral issues) programs. This study used administrative data from Colorado’s Statewide Automated Child Welfare Information System, which contains information on all children and youth who enter Colorado’s CPS. Of the 14,461 children and youth in the child protection program and 2,353 children and youth in the youth-in-conflict program, 14.7% and 35.1%, respectively, reentered into out-of-home care. Families’ prior history of CPS involvement and current CPS case characteristics better explained reentry into out-of-home care than child and family demographic characteristics alone. Understanding risk factors associated with reentry into out-of-home care is critical to inform the prevention of child maltreatment recurrence and ensure the safety, permanency, and well-being of children and youth.

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Miklósi, Márta, and Erika Juhász. "The Role of Education and NGOs in the Reintegration of Inmates in Hungary." International Journal of Bias, Identity and Diversities in Education 4, no. 1 (January 2019): 100–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijbide.2019010107.

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The period of imprisonment in a penitentiary institution has four overall purposes: retribution, incapacitation, deterrence and rehabilitation. Retribution means punishment for crimes against society; it purportedly prevents future crime by removing the desire for personal avengement against the convict. Incapacitation refers to the removal of criminals from society so that they can no longer harm innocent people, and it prevents future crime by removing the convict from society. Deterrence means the prevention of future crime. Rehabilitation prevents future crime by modifying a convict's behavior and refers to those activities designed to change criminals into law abiding citizens. Rehabilitation may include providing educational and vocational programs in prison, teaching job skills and offering counselling with a psychologist or social worker. The rehabilitation does not necessarily come to an end at the moment of release, it can continue later. Recent scholarship indicates a shifting perspective on the responsibility of correctional institutions for successful reentry. Reentry begins on the first day of incarceration. Commonly, there are three phases of offender reentry programs: programs that take place during incarceration, which aim to prepare offenders for their eventual release; programs that take place during offenders' release period, which seek to connect ex-offenders with the various services they may require; and long-term programs that take place as ex-offenders permanently reintegrate back into their communities, which attempt to provide offenders with support and supervision. In Hungary, the first and second phases are known and used, but currently the system lacks long-term programmes. In the short period (maximum 1 year) after release, the activities of non-governmental, church and other charitable organizations greatly contribute to realizing reintegration. To reach the goals of reintegration, it is important that the inmate voluntarily and actively participate; that all sectors of prison life be purposefully coordinated, and that ‘free society' collaborate. This article describes how education is delivered in Hungarian prisons. The duty of correctional institutions is, along with detaining the convict, to facilitate inmates' reintegration into society in the greatest numbers possible. Reintegration and resocialization starts in the correctional facility and after release, the inmates are assisted by non-government organizations (NGOs). In Hungary, the actions of authorities and social organizations complement each other to facilitate inmate reentry. The situation is, however, exacerbated by the fact the rate of social involvement in Hungary is slight, which seriously hinders successful reintegration.

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Lazzari, Andrea M., and Judy W. Wood. "Reentry to the Regular Classroom from Pull-Out Programs: Reorientation Strategies." TEACHING Exceptional Children 25, no. 3 (March 1993): 62–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004005999302500315.

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Fox, Kathryn J. "Second Chances: A Comparison of Civic Engagement in Offender Reentry Programs." Criminal Justice Review 35, no. 3 (April 27, 2010): 335–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734016809360328.

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Mizel, Matthew L., and Laura S. Abrams. "Practically Emotional: Young Men’s Perspectives on What Works in Reentry Programs." Journal of Social Service Research 46, no. 5 (May 21, 2019): 658–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01488376.2019.1617225.

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Davis, Kenneth, and Tameiko Grant. "An Analysis of Offender Based Reentry Programs Impact on Crime Rates." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 7, no. 12 (January 4, 2021): 497–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.712.9500.

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This case study was based upon the crime reduction efforts of an offender-based treatment coalition in St. Johns County, Florida. The study used a multi-tool qualitative data gathering method to understand if the coalition contributed to crime reductions locally. The research findings concluded that the St. Johns County Re-entry Coalition did positively contribute to crime reductions in the county.

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Samotokhin, Alexander Sergeevich. "Review of space vehicle control and guidance methods at atmosphere reentry." Keldysh Institute Preprints, no. 5 (2021): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.20948/prepr-2021-5.

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Review of control methods for statically stable reentry vehicles with low lift-to-drag ratio at returning from the Moon is presented. We are considering algorithms that have been used in Soviet and American Moon programs, as well as advanced algorithms that now are developed. General trends of advanced domestic and foreign methods are determined.

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Rollin, Stephen A., and Frances F. Prevatt. "Interventions for Adolescents: Two Programs Based on a Multisystemic Problem-Solving Approach." Journal of Psychologists and Counsellors in Schools 9, S1 (August 1999): 123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1037291100003046.

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This article describes two interventions for adolescents based on a multisystemic problem-solving approach. One intervention is a school reentry program for chronically ill adolescents, while the other is a violence prevention program for at-risk youth. Commonalties across the two programs include individualized interventions; an educationally oriented, skills based approach; systems consultation; peers as important change agents; and inclusion of parents, teachers, and community agents. The article discusses the importance of a multisystemic, problem solving approach to interventions. Next, the two individual prevention programs are described. Finally, implications for practice are reviewed for each of the programs.

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McLemore, Monica R., and Zakeya Warner Hand. "Making the case for innovative reentry employment programs: previously incarcerated women as birth doulas – a case study." International Journal of Prisoner Health 13, no. 3/4 (September 11, 2017): 219–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijph-07-2016-0026.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to make a case for novel and innovative reentry programs focused on women of color and to describe policy recommendations that are necessary to support the sustainability of these programs and in turn the success of the women who participate in them. Design/methodology/approach A review and analysis of the literature that described job-training opportunities specifically targeted to women exiting jail and the impact on recidivism provided limited information. The authors developed, implemented, and evaluated doula training program for low-income and women of color to determine if birth work could provide stable income and decrease recidivism. Findings Training low-income formerly incarcerated women to become birth doulas is an innovative strategy to solve employment barriers faced by women reentering communities from jail. Realigning women within communities via birth support to other women also provides culturally relevant and appropriate members of the healthcare team for traditionally vulnerable populations. Doulas are important members of the healthcare workforce and can improve birth outcomes. The authors’ work testing doula training, as a reentry vocational program has been successful in producing 16 culturally relevant and appropriate doulas of color that experienced no re-arrests and to date no program participant has experienced recidivism. Originality/value To be successful, the intersections of race, gender, and poverty, for women of color should be considered in the design of reentry programs for individuals exiting jail. The authors’ work provided formerly incarcerated and low-income women of color with vocational skills that provide consistent income, serve as a gateway to the health professions, and increase the numbers of well-trained people of color who serve as providers of care.

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Evans, Douglas N., Emily Pelletier, and Jason Szkola. "Education in Prison and the Self-Stigma: Empowerment Continuum." Crime & Delinquency 64, no. 2 (June 25, 2017): 255–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011128717714973.

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A criminal conviction results in consequences that extend beyond incarceration. Self-stigmatization is a negative consequence that many formerly individuals experience. It manifests in low self-esteem and personal barriers to reentry. This study explores higher education programs in prison as a moderator of self-stigma. Using qualitative interviews, this study investigated the perceptions of formerly incarcerated individuals who participated in higher education in prison in regard to the ways in which incarceration and education affected their self-stigma. Results indicate that incarceration influences self-stigma, but education enhances a sense of empowerment and motivation to resist the negative effects of self-stigma. Reducing the stigmatization of formerly incarcerated individuals is important because if they view themselves positively, it can improve their reentry and life trajectory.

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HERZ, DENISE C., and JENNIFER E. WALSH. "Faith-Based Programs for Reentry Courts: A Summary of Issues and Recommendations." Juvenile and Family Court Journal 55, no. 4 (September 2004): 15–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-6988.2004.tb00170.x.

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Doleac, Jennifer L., Chelsea Temple, David Pritchard, and Adam Roberts. "Which prisoner reentry programs work? Replicating and extending analyses of three RCTs." International Review of Law and Economics 62 (June 2020): 105902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.irle.2020.105902.

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Unnithan, N. Prabha, Andrew J. Prelog, Michael J. Hogan, and Mark R. Pogrebin. "Surviving Parole Reentry: Examining the Impact of Prerelease, Postrelease, and Boundary-Spanning Programs." Corrections 2, no. 3 (March 2017): 149–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23774657.2017.1285684.

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Galletta, Esther, Thomas J. Fagan, David Shapiro, and Lenore E. Walker. "Societal Reentry of Prison Inmates With Mental Illness: Obstacles, Programs, and Best Practices." Journal of Correctional Health Care 27, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 58–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/jchc.19.04.0032.

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Dill, LeConté J., Carlos Mahaffey, Tracey Mosley, Henrie Treadwell, Fabeain Barkwell, and Sandra Barnhill. "“I Want a Second Chance”." American Journal of Men's Health 10, no. 6 (July 7, 2016): 459–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1557988315569593.

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With over 700,000 people on average released from prison each year to communities, greater attention is warranted on the experiences and needs of those who are parents and seeking to develop healthy relationships with their children and families. This study seeks to explore the experiences of African American fathers in reentry. Qualitative data from 16 African American men enrolled in a fellowship program for fathers were collected from a focus group and analyzed for common themes and using standpoint theory. Four themes emerged that focused on fathers’ commitment toward healthy and successful reintegration postincarceration: redemption, employment, health care, and social support. Focus group participants actively strive to develop and rebuild healthy relationships with their children through seeking gainful employment and through bonding with like-minded peers. Barriers in accessing health care are also discussed. Research findings may inform future programs and policies related to supporting fathers and their children in reentry.

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Fan, Xuanhua, Jun Liang, Keying Wang, and Huan Zhou. "Parallel Calculation of Random Vibration for Reentry Vehicles in Fluctuating Pressure Environment." Shock and Vibration 2021 (September 20, 2021): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6864973.

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The reentry vehicle is in an unconstrained free-flight state during the reentry process. The pressure of air fluctuations acts on the external surface of the vehicle and induces a random vibration environment with a wide-frequency range, which makes great influences on the structural dynamic properties of vehicles. This paper aims at the parallel calculation of the wide-frequency random vibration problems for the free body under multipoint fluctuating pressure loads. The calculation method is based on the self-developed JAUMIN framework and PANDA platform. The novel algorithm based on the modal superposition method reduces the computational complexity, realizes the parallel calculation, and achieves the maximum numerical simulation calculation capacity of 1.045 billion degrees of freedom (DOFs) while improving the calculation efficiency and the accuracy of the results. Finally, this article also uses typical examples to verify the correctness and parallel scalability of algorithms and programs.

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Ochoa, Kristen, Oona Appel, Viet Nguyen, and Elizabeth Kim. "Decriminalization in action: lessons from the Los Angeles model." CNS Spectrums 25, no. 5 (November 5, 2019): 561–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852919001561.

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Los Angeles County’s Office of Diversion and Reentry (ODR) has removed over 3800 people from the largest jail system in the country. Across various diversion programs, ODR’s fundamental goal is to provide permanent, lifetime care for each diverted person. This article describes ODR’s various diversion programs, and elucidates the types of elaborate clinical and court-related interventions that are necessary to remove persons with serious mental disorders from jail custody. As Los Angeles continues to build the necessary community-based continuum of mental health care, ODR’s model proves that thoughtfully removing persons with serious mental disorders from jail is possible and necessary for the health of both patients and community.

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Cuddeback, Gary S., Diane Wright, and Nikki G. Bisig. "Characteristics of Participants in Jail Diversion and Prison Reentry Programs: Implications for Forensic ACT." Psychiatric Services 64, no. 10 (October 2013): 1043–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.201200333.

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Sokoloff, Natalie J., and Anika Schenck-Fontaine. "College programs in prison and upon reentry for men and women: a literature review." Contemporary Justice Review 20, no. 1 (December 22, 2016): 95–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10282580.2016.1262772.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Reentry programs'

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