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Wallén, Johanna. "Modelling of Components for Conventional Car and Hybrid Electric Vehicle in Modelica." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2367.
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Hybrid electric vehicles have two power sources - an internal combustion engine and an electric motor. These vehicles are of great interest because they contribute to a decreasing fuel consumption and air pollution and still maintain the performance of a conventional car. Different topologies are described in this thesis and especially the series and parallel hybrid electric vehicle and Toyota Prius have been studied.
This thesis also depicts modelling of a reference car and a series hybrid electric vehicle in Modelica. When appropriate, models from the Modelica standard library have been used. Models for a manual gearbox, final drive, wheel, chassis, air drag and a driver have been developed for the reference car.
For the hybrid electric vehicle a continuously variable transmission, battery, an electric motor, fuel cut-off function for the internal combustion engine and a converter that distributes the current between generator, electric motor and internal combustion engine have been designed.
These models have been put together with models from the Modelica standard library to a reference car and a series hybrid electric vehicle which follows the NEDC driving cycle. A sketch for the parallel hybrid electric vehicle and Toyota Prius have also been made in Modelica.
Developed models have been introduced into the Modelica library VehProLib, which is a vehicle propulsion library under development by Vehicular Systems, Linköpings universitet.
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Amin, A. "The production process and branch-plant development in Southern Italy with special reference to the car industry." Thesis, University of Reading, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.374038.
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Böhlander, Marcus. "Design and Safety Analysis ofEmergency Brake System forAutonomous Formula Car : In Reference to Functional Safety ISO 26262." Thesis, KTH, Fordonsdynamik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-243285.
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The engineering competition Formula Student has introduced a Driverless Vehicle (DV)class, which requires the students to develop a car that can autonomously make its wayaround a cone track. To ensure the safety of such a vehicle, an Emergency Brake System(EBS) is required. The EBS shall ensure transition to safe state for detection of a singlefailure mode. This thesis work covers the design of the EBS for KTH Formula Student(KTH FS).Due to the safety critical character of this system, the software part of the EBS, calledEBS Supervisor, has been analyzed in accordance with the safety standard ISO 26262 tosee if an improved safety could be achieved. The analysis has been perform according toPart 3: Concept phase of ISO 26262 with an item definition, Hazard Analysis and RiskAssessment (HARA), Functional Safety Concept (FSC) and Technical Safety Concept(TSC).The result of the analysis showed that the EBS Supervisor requires extensive redundanciesin order to follow ISO 26262. This includes an additional CPU as well as signal checksof inputs and outputs. Due to limited resources in terms of money and time within theKTH FS team, these redundancies will not be implemented. The process of working withthe safety standard did however inspire an increased safety mindset.Ingenjörstävlingen Formula Student har introducerat en förarlös tävlingsklass (eng:Driverless Vehicle) som innebär att studenterna ska utveckla en bil som autonomt kan tasig runt en konbana. För att försäkra sig om säkerheten för ett sådant fordon krävs ettnödbromssystem (eng: Emergency Brake System (EBS)). EBS:en skall försäkra att enövergång till ett säkert tillstånd sker då ett singulärt fel upptäcks. Det här examensarbetetbehandlar designen av EBS:en för KTH Formula Student.På grund av den säkerhetskritiska karaktären hos detta system har mjukvarudelen avEBS:en, kallad EBS Supervisor, blivit analyserad utifrån säkerhetsstandarden ISO 26262för att se om en förbättrad säkerhet kunde uppnås. Analysen har blivit genomfördenligt Del 3: Konceptfas av ISO 26262 med item definition, Hazard Analysis and RiskAssessment, Functional Safety Concept och Technical Safety Concept.Resultatet av analysen visade att EBS Supervisor kräver omfattande redundanser föratt uppfylla ISO 26262. Detta inkluderar en extra CPU såväl som kontroller av inochutsignaler. På grund av begränsade resurser i form av pengar och tid inom KTHFS, valdes dessa redundanser att inte implementeras. Processen av att arbeta medsäkerhetsstandarden har dock inspirerat ett ökat säkerhetstänk.
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Krafft, Maria. "Non-fatal injuries to car occupants : injury assessment and analysis of impacts causing short- and long-term consequences with special reference to neck injuries /." Stockholm, 1998. http://diss.kib.ki.se/search/diss_se.cfm?19981016kraf.
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Čavoj, Ondřej. "Výpočet aerodynamických charakteristik vozidla s vybočením." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-230267.
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This Diploma thesis deals with CFD simulations of flow around vehicles subjected to a crosswind with MIRA Reference Car in three body shapes with a diffuser serving as a vehicle. It contains tuning of computational grid and chosen solver settings in Fluent, mostly for v2f turbulence model. The main output of this thesis is a simulation of all body shapes in several crosswind angles in steady state and one chosen body shape with one chosen crosswind angle in unsteady state. All results are validated against measurements taken with full scale models in MIRA windtunnel.
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Holmberg, Sara. "Musculoskeletal Disorders among Farmers and Referents, with Special Reference to Occurence, Health Care Utilization and Etiological Factors : A Population-based Study." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-4626.
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Objectives. To study the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms among farmers as compared to rural referents and to evaluate the effects of physical work exposures, psychosocial factors, lifestyle and comorbidity.
Material and methods. A cross-sectional population-based survey of 1013 farmers and 769 matched referents was performed. Data on various symptoms, consultations and sick leave and information on primary health care and hospital admissions were obtained along with information on physical workload, psychosocial factors and lifestyle.
Results. The farmers reported higher lifetime prevalence of symptoms from hands and forearms, low back and hips as compared to the referents. However, the farmers did not seek medical advice more often than the referents, and they reported significantly fewer sick leaves. After adjustment for the influence of physical work exposure, farmers still had a excess rate of low back pain (LBP) and hip symptoms as compared with the referents, while a lower rate of neck-shoulder symptoms was revealed. Several of the psychosocial variables were associated with LBP but the difference in LBP prevalence between farmers and referents could only be explained to some extent. LBP was associated with musculoskeletal symptoms other than LBP and with chest discomfort, dyspepsia, symptoms from mucous membranes, skin problems, work-related fever attacks, and primary care for digestive disorders. Presence of both respiratory and digestive disorders doubled the LBP prevalence.
Conclusions. Symptoms from hips and low back were more frequent among farmers than among referents, but farmers did not seek more health care and reported fewer sick leaves than referents. Physical work exposure and psychosocial factors did not explain the differences in low back and hip symptoms between the two groups. Significant associations between LBP and digestive and respiratory disorders might indicate that these disorders may have etiological factors in common.
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Holmberg, Sara. "Musculoskeletal disorders among farmers and referents, with special reference to occurrence, health care utilization and etiological factors : a population-based study /." Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-4626.
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Råman, J. (Joonas). "Pointing gestures as embodied resources of references, requests and directives in the car." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2013. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201304171193.
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This thesis studies the different ways the driver uses pointing gestures as resources of embodied references, requests and directives, as well as how these gestures are modified to ensure the successful transfer of meaning to the recipient even when facing the challenges of mobility and multitasking which are essentially inherent in the conversational setting of the car. Specific focus is on the pointing gesture’s witnessability, duration, domain of scrutiny, and the apex location in relation to the verbal resources used. As a source of data, this thesis employs three corpora of naturally occurring, conversation. The Habitable Cars corpus features mostly native English speakers, the Talk&Drive corpus features speaker from several different nationalities and languages, and the Kokkola corpus features only native Finnish speakers. Keeping in with the research methods of conversation analysis, transcripts of the conversation situations are provided and serve as a source of analysis. The main finding of this research is that in order to distinguish pointing gestures used for referring, requesting and directing from each other, the driver modifies the gesture’s witnessability. Pointing gestures used for referring tend to be the shortest in duration and the least witnessable from the recipient’s point of view. Pointing gestures used for directing tend to the longest in duration and the most witnessable, with the requesting gestures falling somewhere between these two extremes. Factors such as urgency and the increased need to multitask between talking and driving also have an effect on the gesture’s delivery, increasing or decreasing the overall witnessability of the gesture depending on the situation, and sometimes blurring the line between the three social actions examined in this thesis. However, the embodied resources used for performing the three social actions are distinguishable from each other and the initial categorization is justifiable. This thesis continues the research into gesture witnessability, and it’s importance in prioritization and acquisition of the referent. However, this thesis moves the concept of witnessability away from the world of ‘professional vision’, and further develops it by examining its interplay with the verbal resources, gesture duration and domain of scrutinyTutkimus käsittelee auton kuljettajan osoittavia eleitä kehollisina resursseina kolmen sosiaalisen toiminnon, viittaamisen, pyytämisen, ja käskemisen, toteuttamisessa. Tutkimuksessa tarkastellaan myös, miten eleitä muokataan, jotta ne välittäisivät toiminnon viestin vastaanottajalle myös silloin kun ympäristön haasteellisuus lisääntyy. Haasteellisuutta voivat lisätä muun muassa mobiliteetti tai lisääntynyt tarve tuottaa useita rinnakkaisia toimintajaksoja. Tutkimus keskittyy erityisesti eleen havaittavuuteen ja kestoon, eleen luomaan tarkkailun alueeseen (domain of scrutiny) sekä sen huipentuman sijaintiin suhteessa verbaalisiin resursseihin. Tutkimusaineistona on käytetty kolmea korpusta, jotka sisältävät luontaista keskustelua. Habitable Cars -korpus sisältää enimmäkseen äidinkieleltään englanninkielisiä puhujia, Talk&Drive-korpus useamman eri kielen edustajia, ja Kokkola-korpus yksinomaan suomenkielisiä puhujia. Keskusteluanalyyttisen tutkimuksen periaatteita noudattaen keskustelutilanteista on tuotettu transkriptiota, jotka toimivat analyysin lähteenä. Tärkeimpänä löydöksenä voitaneen pitää sitä, että kuljettaja muokkaa ensisijaisesti eleen havaittavuutta erottaakseen keholliset viittaukset, pyynnöt ja käskyt toisistaan. Kehollisten viittausten osoittava ele on kestoltaan lyhyin ja havaittavuudeltaan pienin, kun taas käskyyn käytetty ele on kestoltaan pisin sekä havaittavuudeltaan suurin. Pyyntöihin käytetyt eleet ovat kestoltaan ja havaittavuudeltaan näiden kahden välimaastossa. Tilanteen kiireellisyys sekä rinnakkaiset toimintajaksot voivat vaikuttaa eleen havaittavuuteen joko lisäten tai vähentäen sitä sekä usein hämärtäen rajoja kolmen tarkastellun sosiaalisen toiminnon välillä. Tästä huolimatta tarkasteltujen kolmen toimintokategorian eleet ovat erotettavissa toisistaan. Täten alkuperäinen kategorisointi on oikeutettu. Tämä tutkimus on jatkoa aiemmille tutkimuksille eleen havaittavuudesta sekä sen vaikutuksesta kohteen löytämiseen ja priorisointiin. Tutkimuksessa havaittavuuden käsite kuitenkin siirretään niinkutsutun ammattinäön piiristä lähemmäs arkipäivää. Lisäksi havaittavuuden käsitettä syvennetään tutkimalla sen suhdetta ja vuorovaikutusta verbaalisiin resursseihin, eleen kestoon sekä tarkkailun alueeseen
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Young, Ed. "I can explain : the work of art is no longer necessary." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/8055.
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The bulk of our knowledge of the international art world, and in many cases within the local South African art scene, is based largely on what we read in magazines, art books and the art press. To most individuals these exhibitions exist mainly in written form and within the viewer's personal mental constructions.
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Bunce, Gillian Elizabeth. "An investigation of the CAD/CAM possibilities in the printing of textiles : with reference to the application of complex repeat patterns." Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.357277.
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Maimbolwa, Margaret C. "Maternity care in Zambia : with special reference to social support /." Stockholm, 2004. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2004/91-7349-612-X/.
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Chubarova, Tatiana Vladimirovna. "Occupational welfare in Russia with special reference to health care." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2001. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1663/.
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Relying on new empirical data, derived from a survey, and supplemented by an extensive study of available secondary material, this thesis represents the first attempt systematically to explore key issues regarding occupational welfare in Russia, with special reference to health care. The thesis is divided into three parts: a discussion of the problematic; an investigation of the evolution of policy; and an examination of primary and secondary empirical data. The fundamental theoretical problems of occupational welfare are approached in the light of research in the West, in the Soviet Union and in post-Soviet Russia with emphasis both on divergences and commonalities. It is argued that any endeavour to separate Soviet and Western experiences is artificial and ultimately unproductive. Rather, the analytical penetration of ideological barriers renders possible an examination of their fruitful interaction. On the basis of existing knowledge two perspectives of occupational welfare -- social policy and organisation -- are introduced. An attempt to formulate a general definition of the notion of occupational welfare is also made. The evolution of occupational welfare and in particular its health care component are examined in their context, from the Tsarist era, during the Soviet Union and through to post-Soviet times, with a concrete aim of elucidating any continuities in policy pathways. Contemporary issues are associated with the initial outcomes of health reforms in the 1990s that are indispensable for projecting the future prospects of occupational welfare. The empirical component of the thesis reports the results of fieldwork carried out in Moscow between 1995 and 1997. The brief was to explore the contemporary status of occupational welfare in Russia in the context of changing social policy aims and methods evolving in the course of the transformation. The attitudes of senior managers of industrial enterprises providing in-kind health services for their employees were investigated, as were employers' actual health responsibilities in the light of the introduction of compulsory health insurance legislation. It is argued that occupational welfare has a distinct sphere of operation and offers potential, not only for the survival of the service area but also for its further development in the evolving socio-political environment. The thesis is a first step towards a deeper analysis of occupational welfare in Russia: an audit of outstanding issues, although not exhaustive, completes the account as an aid to further discussion and research.
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Turner, John Scott. "Outcome prediction in intensive care with special reference to cardiac surgery." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27057.
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The development, use, and understanding of severity of illness scoring systems has advanced rapidly in the last decade; their weaknesses and limitations have also become apparent. This work follows some of this development and explores some of these aspects. It was undertaken in three stages and in two countries. The first study investigated three severity of illness scoring systems in a general Intensive Care Unit (ICU) in Cape Town, namely the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE II) score, the Therapeutic Intervention Scoring System (TISS), and a locally developed organ failure score. All of these showed a good relationship with mortality, with the organ failure score the best predictor of outcome. The TISS score was felt to be more likely to be representative of intensiveness of medical and nursing management than severity of illness. The APACHE II score was already becoming widely used world-wide and although it performed less well in some diagnostic categories (for example Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome) than had been hoped, it clearly warranted further investigation. Some of the diagnosis-specific problems were eliminated in the next study which concentrated on the application of the APACHE II score in a cardiothoracic surgical ICU in London. Although group predictive ability was statistically impressive, the predictive ability of APACHE II in the individual patient was limited as only very high APACHE II scores confidently predicted death and then only in a small number of patients. However, there were no deaths associated with an APACHE II score of less than 5 and the mortality was less than 1 % when the APACHE II score was less than 10. Finally, having recognised the inadequacies in mortality prediction of the APACHE II score in this scenario, a study was undertaken to evaluate a novel concept: a combination of preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative (including APACHE II and III) variables in cardiac surgery patients admitted to the same ICU. The aim was to develop a more precise method of predicting length of stay, incidence of complications, and ICU and hospital outcome for these patients. There were 1008 patients entered into the study. There was a statistically significant relationship between increasing Parsonnet (a cardiac surgery risk prediction score), APACHE II, and APACHE III scores and mortality. By forward stepwise logistic regression a model was developed for the probability of hospital death. This model included bypass time, need for inotropes, mean arterial pressure, urea, and Glasgow Coma Scale. Predictive performance was evaluated by calculating the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The derived model had an area under the ROC curve 0.87, while the Parsonnet score had an area of 0.82 and the APACHE II risk of dying 0.84. It was concluded that a combination of intraoperative and postoperative variables can improve predictive ability.
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Staves, Daniel Robert. "Associative CAD References in the Neutral Parametric Canonical Form." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2016. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6222.
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Due to the multiplicity of computer-aided engineering applications present in industry today, interoperability between programs has become increasingly important. A survey conducted among top engineering companies found that 82% of respondents reported using 3 or more CAD formats during the design process. A 1999 study by the National Institute for Standards and Technology (NIST) estimated that inadequate interoperability between the OEM and its suppliers cost the US automotive industry over $1 billion per year, with the majority spent fixing data after translations. The Neutral Parametric Canonical Form (NPCF) prototype standard developed by the NSF Center for e-Design, BYU Site offers a solution to the translation problem by storing feature data in a CAD-neutral format to offer higher-fidelity parametric transfer between CAD systems. This research has focused on expanding the definitions of the NPCF to enforce data integrity and to support associativity between features to preserved design intent through the neutralization process. The NPCF data structure schema was defined to support associativity while maintaining data integrity. Neutral definitions of new features was added including multiple types of coordinate systems, planes and axes. Previously defined neutral features were expanded to support new functionality and the software architecture was redefined to support new CAD systems. Complex models have successfully been created and exchanged by multiple people in real-time to validated the approach of preserving associativity and support for a new CAD system, PTC Creo, was added.
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Ning, Jing. "Innovation in social care markets with reference to the UK and China." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.533954.
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Wardlow, Lane Liane Christine. "Not saying what's on your mind how speakers avoid grounding references in privileged information /." Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2007. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3258707.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2007.Title from first page of PDF file (viewed June 5, 2007). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Dossary, Mesfer. "Health and development in poor countries with particular reference to Saudi Arabia." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.295285.
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This thesis describes and analyses the development of the health care system in Saudi Arabia, particularly in the period since 1970. Two major differences between Saudi Arabia and most other countries have to be isolated. First, as a result of its oil wealth, Saudi Arabia has experienced extremely rapid economic growth over the last twenty years. Second, a very strong value system, Islam, has a persuasive effect upon Saudi society, including the organization of its health care system. The Basic Needs approach, which is favoured here, defines 'economic development' a the satisfaction of certain basic material human needs. Health care is important because it is one such basic need. The principal characteristics of health and health care in poor countries are examined. Patterns of mortality and morbidity are discussed as are the different health systems, and financial and health care planning arrangements, which are to be found. Trends in mortality, morbidity and life expectancy in Saudi Arabia are then discussed, bringing together data not previously assembled. The framework of the Saudi health sector is described. For the first time, the roles of health service providers, other than the Ministry of Health itself, are comprehensively documented. Regression contributions of rising living standards and the development of the health services to improvements in health status. Although some positive results are obtained, inadequate data prevent firm conclusions from being drawn. This crucial issue is therefore pursued on a more analytical level, employing comparative evidence on the experience of other countries. The final judgement is that economic growth, rather than the expansion of the health services, is the principal explanation of better standards of health in Saudi Arabia.
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Rosenkrantz, Max Langan. "Sense, reference and ontology in early analytic philosophy /." Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3004369.
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Swift, Mary Diane. "The development of temporal reference in Inuktitut child language." Digital version:, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p9992920.
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Davey, G. K. "Access to health care facilities in rural Oxfordshire, with particular reference to the elderly." Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.384608.
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Zhou, Jiayang. "The reference functions of digital hospice care apps from a Serious Game theory perspective." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-15813.
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The thesis identifies a multiplicity of existing challenges and dilemmas in the hospice care field, such as the increasing demands, limited access, difficulties caused from people with life-limiting conditions living at home and other concerns. The thesis proposes a way of combining the advantages of Serious Games and mobile apps to possibly solve some challenges, namely, a digital app designed for patients from a Serious Game perspective, which could be a complement of current hospice care services and assist in remote hospice care. The analysis of existing resources exposes a lack of hospice care apps containing game elements and designed for patients. The thesis therefore formulates two criteria and conducts a review of apps in health & fitness category in the Swedish App Store. Criterion 1 is for identifying the apps and functions that meet the needs of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Criterion 2 is for making sure the functions selected containing game elements. The thesis identifies and lists 85 eligible functions and provides brief summaries and analyses. These outcomes can be considered as Reference functions for improving existing hospice care apps and inspiring future researchers and designers.
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Holman, Kevin W. "Distribution of an ultrastable frequency reference using optical frequency combs." Diss., Connect to online resource, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/colorado/fullcit?p3190346.
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Hendershot, Shawnee M. "Young Children‘s Mathematics References During Free Play in Family Child Care Settings." DigitalCommons@USU, 2012. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1113.
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This study examined the mathematics talk that children engage in during free play in their non-parental, family child care environments. Audio tapes of children during free play were transcribed and coded for different types of mathematical references using a coding scheme. Types of math talk included: (a) classification, (b) magnitude, (c) enumeration, (d) patterns and shapes, (e) spatial reasons, and (f) part/whole. Results showed that children used spatial relations more than other types of mathematical references. Children‘s math talk was compared based on their gender and age. Results showed that, on average, children who were older than 40 months referenced mathematics more often than younger children. Also, males were more likely to reference math during free play than were females. Children‘s math talk was also analyzed in comparison to provider education and experience. It showed that when providers had CDA or 2-year degrees, children under their care referenced math more frequently. (78 pages)
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Favero, Neide. "Estudo do processo de referência a um hospital universitário." Universidade de São Paulo, 1987. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6131/tde-25102017-123739/.
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Com o objetivo de estudar o processo de referência de pacientes que procuram um Hospital Universitário, pela primeira vez e analisar algumas características destes pacientes e as inter relações entre a localização do domicílio, a utilização de outros serviços, as dificuldades e facilidades apresentadas pelos pacientes, para procurar o Hospital, foram investigados todos os pacientes que procuraram um Hospital Universitário. O trabalho foi realizado no período de cinco semanas de outubro e novembro de 1983, a saber: de 3 a 7, 17 a 21 e 24 a 27 de outubro e de 7 a 11 e 21 a 25 de novembro. Através de entrevistas foi preenchido um formulário com questões sobre características do paciente tais como: sexo, idade, nível de instrução; ocupação, local de residência, gravidade dos sinais e sintomas que os levaram a procurar o Hospital, motivo da demanda, distância do domicílio ao Hospital, utilização de outros serviços, tipos de encaminhamento. A hipótese diagnóstica foi obtida do prontuário do paciente, após a consulta. Foram estudados 1.601 pacientes, sendo 59,53 por cento do sexo feminino e 40,47 por cento do sexo masculino. A maior concentração de pacientes pertence ao grupo etário de 15 a 24 anos (24,49 por cento ), seguido pelo de 25 a 34 anos (17,86 por cento ). O nível de instrução mostrou-se bastante baixo, uma vez que, 54,63 por cento tinha o primeiro grau incompleto e 30 por cento analfabetos. A ocupação que apareceu com maior freqüência foi as donas de casa (43,94 por cento ), seguida pelos agricultores (15,51 por cento ), trabalhadores dos serviços dos desportos e das diversões (13, 64 por cento ). Como Hospital Regional 46,34 por cento dos pacientes procedem da região de Ribeirão Preto e 37,48 por cento do próprio município, onde está localizado. A procedência de pacientes na zona rural aumenta proporcionalmente, em relação à urbana a medida que se afasta do município de Ribeirão Preto. De maneira geral, os pacientes da zona urbana procuram mais precocemente o Hospital, quando residem mais próximo dele. A maioria dos pacientes que residem próximo e procuram o Hospital é portador de sinais e sintomas considerado leve, aumentando a proporção de sinais e sintomas graves entre os pacientes que residem mais distantes do Hospital. 32,57 por cento dos pacientes portadores de sinais e sintomas leves e 25,12 por cento dos portadores de sinais e sintomas graves não procuraram outro serviço, antes de demandarem ao Hospital e informaram não ter procurado outro serviço, por falta de recursos para pagar assistência médica e não confiar no Centro de Saúde. Dentre os pacientes que procuram outros serviços antes, apenas 54,4 O por cento foram referidos para o Hospital e 87,36 por cento destes não receberam orientação para, após o atendimento no Hospital, retornarem a seu serviço de origem. O fluxo de pacientes ao Hospital diminuiu paulatinamente, no decorrer da semana. As doenças do sistema nervoso e dos órgãos dos sentidos ocupam o primeiro lugar entre as hipóteses diagnósticas dos pacientes que procuram o Hospital, pela primeira vez. Dos 1601 pacientes atendidos, 14,74 por cento não foram registrados, conforme rotina estabelecida pelo Hospital, podendo gerar estatísticas imperfeitas. O estudo do processo de referência ao Hospital mostrou-se importante para o conhecimento das características dos pacientes, das inter relações com os outros serviços e das peculiaridades própria do Hospital, como subsídio para organização da assistência à saúde.With the objective to study the process of referral of patients who look for a University Hospital for the first time and to analyze some characteristics of these patients and the interrelationships between the location of their homes, the use of other services and the difficulties or the facilitation met by the patient to contact the hospital, all the patients who looked for a University Hospital were investigated. The study was conducted over a period of five weeks from October 3 to 7, 17 to 21 and 24 to 27 and from November 7 to 11 and 21 to 25, 1983. Each patient was interviewed and a form was filled out with answers to questions of the characteristics of the patient such as sex, age, level of education, occupation, place of residence, seriousness of the signs and symptoms that led him to look for the Hospital, reason for the demand, distance of the residence from the Hospital, type of referrals. The diagnostic hypothesis was taken from the patient\'s medical record after his medical visit. A total of 1601 patients were studied; 59.53 per cent were women and 40.43 per cent were males. Most patient were concentrated in the 15 to 24 year age range (24.49 per cent ), followed by the 25 to 34 year age range (17.86 per cent ). The level of education was quite low, since 54.63 per cent had not completed elementary school and 30 per cent were illiterate. The most frequent types of occupation were: housewife (43.94 per cent ), followed by rural workers (15.51 per cent ) and by workers in suports and amusement services (13.64 per cent ). Since this is a Regional Hospital, 46.34 per cent of the patients were from the Ribeirão Preto region and 37.48 per cent from the town itself in which the Hospital is located. The origin of patients from the rural zone increased proportionally in relation to the urban zone with the distance from Ribeirão Preto. In general, the patients from the urban zone look earlier for the Hospital when they live closer to it. Most of the patients living close to the Hospital had signs and symptoms considered mild, with an increase in the proportion of serious signs and symptans anong the patients who live farther away from the Hospital. 32.57 per cent of the patients with mild signs and symptoms and 25.12 per cent of the patients with serious signs and symptoms did not look for any other service before contacting the Hospital and informed that they had not lookes for other services because of lack of money to pay for medical assistance and because they did not trust the health center. Among the patients who had previously looked for other services, 54.40 per cent were referred to the Hospital and 87.36 per cent of these did not receive guidance to return to the original service after being attended at the Hospital. The flow of patients to the Hospital decreased little by little with each passing week. Diseases of the nervous system and of the sensory organs occupied first place among the diagnostic hypotheses for the patients who looked for the Hospital for the first time. Of 1601 patients attended, l4.74 per cent were not registered according to the routine established by the Hospital, a fact that may give rise to imperfet statistics. The study of the process of referral to the Hospital proved to be important in terms of learning about the characteristics of the patients, the interrelationships with the other services and the peculiarities of the Hospital, as an aid in organizing health assistance.
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Uta, Joseph J. "Health communication to rural populations in developing countries : with special reference to Malawi." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1993. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/13774.
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The findings of KAP studies and health reports indicate that in spite of continuing efforts by developing countries like Malawi, to raise health awareness among their peoples, the majority of the people remain inadequately informed and are generally found to lack basic knowledge about most prevalent diseases. As a result most people are unable to participate fully in primary health care activities. Two parallel surveys were carried out: (i) on activities of providers of information; and (ii) on information-seeking behaviour of a sample of the public. A health knowledge test was conducted to a sample of the public in order to assess their levels of Aids and bilharzia awareness. On matching the findings from the two surveys the following deficiencies were identified. The major cause of problems was that information provision was fragmented. Conflicting messages were given by different agencies which appeared to compete with each other. Distribution and access to the available information was also found to cause problems. Lack of research-based knowledge among health information providers about information needs and information-seeking behaviour of the people they are planning services for compounds the problems of information provision. Potential solutions include coordinating all activities of health communication from top-to-bottom (i.e. from planning to implementation at the community level). Efforts towards strengthening extension services, consolidating and repackaging of information, and consolidating of health grey literature are argued to be appropriate. Promoting use and marketing of the available information among the rural populations is also argued to be appropriate.
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Laakso, Aarre. "The significance of spatial representation /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9935455.
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Belissimo, Vanessa. "Um estudo sobre cartões amarelos e vermelhos aplicados ao mandante e não mandante do jogo pelo arbitro de futebol." [s.n.], 2008. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/275168.
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Orientador: Antonio Carlos de MoraesDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação Fisica
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Resumo: O número de variáveis que podem determinar o alto ou o baixo rendimento de uma equipe de futebol abrange aspectos de difícil controle. Uma variável interessante e de polêmica discussão diz respeito à arbitragem no jogo de futebol que em geral permeia a intervenção dos árbitros no resultado final de uma partida. Nesse contexto, é possível a hipótese de que os árbitros tomem decisões dentro de uma partida, influenciados pela torcida, pelo mandante do jogo ou por ¿valores agregados¿ (tradição da camisa, histórico de vitórias e etc.) deste ou daquele time. OBS.: O resumo na integra poderá ser visualizado no link ou texto completo da tese digital
Abstract: The number of variables that can determine the high or low performance of a football team covers aspects difficult to control. A variable interesting discussion and controversy relates to arbitration in the soccer game that generally permeates the intervention of the referees in the final outcome of a match. It is possible the chance that the referees decide within a match, influenced by the crowd, the principal of the game or by "aggregates" (tradition of the team, history of victories and so on.) of this or that time. Note: the complete abstract is avaiable with the link or full eletronic digital theses or dissertations
Mestrado
Ciencia do Desporto
Mestre em Educação Física
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Vassilacopoulos, George. "Aspects of information management and resource allocation in hospitals with special reference to Accident and Emergency." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 1985. http://repository.royalholloway.ac.uk/items/25499417-0afb-49ea-b48d-8d21ff56e843/1/.
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The management and control process in an Accident and Emergency (A/E) department of a District General Hospital is investigated and the functional relationship between the A/E department and the inpatient hospital service is discussed. Attention is focused on resource allocation and methods are proposed towards reconciling levels of service and resource utilisation. Within the framework of control problems inside the A/E department, a computerised patient record system has been designed and implemented, on an experimental basis, to allow easy access to patient-related information for performance evaluation. Established statistical techniques are employed to demonstrate how such information can be utilised in medium-term management activities in the A/E department and to provide a sound basis for defining areas where specific problems arise. A method is developed, which uses patient data to the extent that they are routinely available through the patient record system, for allocating physicians to weekly shifts in a way which takes account of the fixed number of physician hours per week; of physician preferences with regard to shifts; and of the patient assessment of the service provided. With regard to the role of the A/E department as an essential link between the community at large and the hospital service, a simulation model is developed for determining the number of beds in hospital inpatient departments on the basis of expected demand and according to a pre-specified set of measures of hospital efficiency. The measures used are the rapid admission of emergency patients; high occupancy rates; and short lengths of waiting lists. A further study on bed capacity planning concerns the contemplated development of an observation ward in the A/E department. Owing to the increased uncertainty in planning for prospective units, approximation is accepted for the sake of procedural simplicity and an analytic infinite server queueing model is employed to evaluate various numbers of beds for the unit interms of the average occupancy rates and of hourly and daily service levels.
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Hasselgren, Mikael. "Epidemiological Aspects of Asthma in Primary Care : Special Reference to Prevalence, Clinical Detection and Validation." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-6144.
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Caulfield-Browne, Mark. "The application of spline functions for kinematic motion design with particular reference to cam mechanisms." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.239929.
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Leontaris, Athanasios. "Quality, drift, and delay issues in multiple reference frame video coding." Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2006. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3215293.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2006.Title from first page of PDF file (viewed July 24, 2006). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 133-138).
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Semenov, Andrei. "Intertemporal utility models for asset pricing : reference levels and individual heterogeneity." Thèse, [Montréal] : Université de Montréal, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/umontreal/fullcit?pNQ92724.
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Thèse (Ph.D.) -- Université de Montréal, 2004."Thèse présentée à la Faculté des études supérieures en vue de l'obtention du grade de Philosophiae Doctor (Ph.D.) en sciences économiques" Version électronique également disponible sur Internet.
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Bopape, Susan Mothekoa. "The management of dyslipidemia in a private health care setting : a managed pharmaceutical care approach / Susan Mothekoa Bopape." Thesis, North-West University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/483.
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The global anti-dyslipidemic market grew by 19% from 2000 to 2001, achieving sales of over
$21 billion (Smith, 2004: 2). This market is currently well sewed by a number of effective and
well-tolerated treatments. Lipid-lowering drugs are considered as the first choice drugs in control
of dyslipidemias and they are well tolerated by most patients. As with many drug therapies, there
should be a balance between the benefits of cholesterol lowering agents, increased medication
cost and the overall risk of adverse drug reactions. According to Ballesteros (2001: 514),
hypolipidemic drugs are consumed on a large scale and most consumers are elderly. This
warrants a study of expenditure incurred because of inadequate prescribing of these agents.
The general objective of this study was to determine the utilisation and cost of hypolipidemic
drugs in the private health care environment in South Africa. A quantitative retrospective drug
utilisation review was performed using a medicine claims database. Data for twenty-four
consecutive months (May 1, 2001 to April 30, 2003) were used to determine and compare the
utilisation patterns and cost of drugs associated with the management of dyslipidemia a year
before (1st May 2001 to 30 April 2002) and a year after (1st May 2002 to 30 April 2003) the
implementation of a medicine reference price system (MPL). Data analysis was done by
calculating the average value, the standard deviation, effect size, and cost-prevalence indices.
The results of this study revealed that hypolipidemic drugs constituted 2.70% (n = 21820911)
and 2.78% (n =27277825) of the total number of all medicine items for the first and the second
study years respectively. On the other hand, the total cost of all hypolipidemic drugs accounted
for 6.33% (n= R3 097 604 602) and 6.23 % (n= R 4 053 280 295) of the total cost of all
medicine items claimed during the first and the second study years respectively. The prevalence
of generic hypolipidemic drugs accounted for 0.89% (n=589036) and 4.88% (n=759675) of the
total number of hypolipidemic drugs claimed during the first and second study year respectively.
Innovator drugs, on the other hand, constituted 99.1 1% (n=589036) and 95.11% (n=759675) of
the total number of hypolipidemic drugs claimed during the first and second study years
respectively. It was found that R23 694.5 and R603 277.36 could have been saved for generic
bezafibrate and generic simvastatin respectively if they had been sold at ME'L prices. The total
cost of generic hypolipidemic drugs accounted for 0.60% and 2.94%. The total cost of innovator
hypolipidemic drugs accounted for 99.40% and 97.06% of the total cost of hypolipidemic drugs
claimed during the first (n=R 196 076 050) and second (n=R 252 919 285) study year
respectively. With respect to the prescribed daily dose, it was found that most prescriptions for
individual hypolipidemic drugs did not conform to the defined daily dose. It was, however,
found that most prescriptions whose prescribed daily dose was for one tablet once daily and
whose strength was similar to the defined daily dose conformed to the defined daily dose.
The conclusion is that there was an insignificant difference in both the prevalence and cost of
hypolipidemic drugs a year before and after the implementation of MPL. It was further
concluded that increased utilisation of generic hypolipidemic medicine items a year after the
implementation of the MPL, could have been brought about by the introduction of generic
simvastatin into the market as opposed to the implementation of the MPL. Recommendations for
further studies will be formulated.Thesis (M.Pharm. (Pharmacy Practice))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2005.
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Bochel, Margaret. "Geographical perspectives on residential provision for the elderly : with special reference to the voluntary sector." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/1929.
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Stein, Jorama de Quadros. "Alegria tem bem a cara do Onda: um estudo enunciativo da participação em grupo de jovens." Universidade do Vale do Rio do Sinos, 2010. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/2590.
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Previous issue date: 25Banco Santander / Banespa
Este trabalho focaliza a participação de jovens em um grupo religioso de orientação católica, o ONDA, pertencente a uma pastoral de paróquia da região do Vale do Rio dos Sinos. Através da forma como vinte jovens participantes constroem o referente ONDA, em oficinas e entrevistas, a pesquisa investiga que representações os jovens constroem do trabalho realizado no grupo e quais as possíveis repercussões desse trabalho em relação à estruturação da vida em sociedade. Consideramos, enfim, bastante relevante buscar compreender como o sujeito constrói sua subjetividade a partir do reconhecimento de si na relação com o outro. A teoria da enunciação de Benveniste, apresentada como um quadro teórico pertinente para transcender a análise intralinguística e permitir o estudo da intersubjetividade como condição para a constituição da subjetividade, fundamenta a pesquisa. Considerações feitas no campo dos estudos psicanalíticos a respeito da adolescência auxiliam-nos a compreender os atravessamentos que perpassam a consti
This study focuses on the participation of young people in a religious group of Catholic orientation, called ONDA, which belongs to a parish pastoral in the region of the Vale do Rio dos Sinos. Based on the way twenty young participants build the referent ONDA, at workshops and interviews, this research analyzes the role of this activity in the process of appropriation of a place in the symbolic space by these young people. Benveniste’s enunciation theory, presented as a meaningful theoretical frame in order to transcend the intra-linguistic analysis and allow the study of intersubjectivity as a condition for the construction of subjectivity, bases this research. Discussions realized in the field of psychoanalytic studies on adolescence helped us understand factors that are part of the constitution of young people as a subject of/in language. Results of this study reveal that these young people find support in the relation with their peers and with the leader and, also, that being part of a group favors the s
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Philander, Graig Henry. "How can Africa attract foreign direct investment, with specific reference to an investment strategy within Africa." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2004. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
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This research focused primarily on certain bilateral agreements as well as relevant multilateral agreements that govern the world's investment system. Attention is given to governance in the world of foreign direct investment and the aims and objectives of the integration initiative, as well as to the centrality of investment law in the scheme. The role of investment and the effect this have on the development of Africa is also a focal point of this paper. The central objective of the integration initiative is also looked at against the backdrop of investment-rating agencies and investment flows around the world.
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Gidi, Banele Anthony. "Developing assessment criteria for successful poverty alleviation with special reference to the Nomzamo Special Care Centre." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1601.
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While this study is partly theoretical it includes an exploratory case study in which theoretical insights are applied. In the theoretical part of this study, criteria for a successful poverty alleviation project were developed, guided by sustainability theory and complexity theory. It was proposed that researchers could assess existing projects according to these criteria to show where they were successful and where they could improve. The second part of this research consists of a case study, where an actual poverty alleviation project (The Nomzamo Special Care Centre, Peddie, Eastern Cape) was assessed according to the criteria developed in the first part. For this exploratory case study a non-random sample of 9 participants was drawn from the Nomzamo Special Care Centre and other stakeholders in the Ngqushwa Local Municipality in the Eastern Cape. Data was collected using questionnaires, observation and interviews. The results obtained from analysis indicate that project members particularly experience challenges pertaining to financial resources, infrastructure and maintenance. It is recommended that project members receive assistance from the government departments in order for the project to remain sustainable.
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Engström, Joakim. "Patient safety in the Intensive Care Unit : With special reference to Airway management and Nursing procedures." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Anestesiologi och intensivvård, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-275170.
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The overall aim of the present thesis was to study aspects of patient safety in critically ill patients with special focus on airway management, respiratory complications and nursing procedures. Study I describes a method called pharyngeal oxygen administration during intubation in an experimental acute lung injury model. The study showed that pharyngeal oxygenation prevented or considerably increased the time to life-threatening hypoxemia at shunt fractions by at least up to 25% and that this technique could be implemented in airway algorithms for the intubation of hypoxemic patients. In study II, we investigated short-term disconnection of the expiratory circuit from the ventilator during filter exchange in critically ill patients. We demonstrated that when using pressure modes in the ventilator, there was no indication of any significant deterioration in the patient's lung function. A bench test suggests that this result is explained by auto-triggering with high inspiratory flows during the filter exchange, maintaining the airway pressure. Study III was a clinical observational study of critically ill patients in which adverse events were studied in connection with routine nursing procedures. We found that adverse events were common, not well documented, and potentially harmful, indicating that it is important to weigh the risks and benefits of routine nursing when caring for unstable, critically ill patients. In study IV, we conducted a retrospective database study in patients with pelvis fractures treated in the intensive care unit. We found that the incidence of respiratory failure was high, that the procedure involved in surgical stabilization affected the respiratory status in patients with lung contusion, and that the mortality was low and probably not influenced by the respiratory condition. In conclusion, the results obtained in the present thesis have increase our knowledge in important areas in the most severely ill patients and have underlined the need for improvements in the field of patient safety.
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Chau, Man-ki Mabel. "Integration of the preschool disabled children : an analysis of the concept with reference to integrated child care centre services /." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1986. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B12325740.
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Rajakumar, Selvaraj Samuel John. "A study of pastoral care to the terminally ill in a multi-cultural context with specific reference to India." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/17355.
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Includes bibliographies.In the circumstances prevailing in contemporary India, and certainly since AIDS, it is hardly possible for Christian Pastors to limit their hospital ministry, especially their ministry to the terminally ill, to members of their own denomination or religion. India is notoriously rich in its variety of religious traditions and, as we will see, there is a universal Indianness which seems to stamp itself upon even the representatives of the Abrahamic faiths present on that Continent. It is therefore vital that the Pastor should be able to enter gently and swiftly into a patient's religious world-view. To do this we need to see if the teeming chaos cannot be reduced to some conceptual categories and ways found to describe those categories and locate individuals within them. For this purpose we employed Cumpsty's General Theory of Religion. The theory establishes three coherent ideal types and sub-types of religious tradition in relation to which all actual traditions can be located. Central to the distinctions between them is that immediate experience can be real and ultimate, not real, or real but not ultimate, that is, reality can be monistic (in corporate or individual style) or dualistic. There are consequences of these, for example, the powers-that-be can be essentially personal or neither clearly personal nor impersonal; time is conceived as circular, rhythmical or linear. Sometimes life events are partially predictable and/or partially controllable or they are not. It is the mixing and matching of these, and similar, possibilities together with the affirmation that experience is chaos (the only overtly non-religious position) which provides a number of theoretical but recognizable profiles within the Indian situation. The crucial stage of the project was that in which these theoretical possibilities had to be operationalized in a set of questions meaningful within the context being investigated. The questionnaire which resulted was used to structure interviews in a pilot study in the Hindu, Muslim and Christian communities of Tamilnadu State, in response to which the questionnaire was accepted, but slightly extended for use in the main survey. The data obtained from both surveys allowed a number of actually existing profiles of different kinds to be identified and described, and also identified those questions which were the most discriminating in the location of respondents within these profiles. The instrument was then used in interviews with a, necessarily smaller, sample of terminally ill patients. The data from this study showed that in general the terminally ill fitted into the profiles identified for the "healthy". It also provided interesting information on the similarities and differences between the "healthy" sample and the terminally ill and (unexpected in its level of distinctiveness) differences between AIDS and cancer patients. The data also enabled the questions to be prioritized for use with terminally ill patients who had been located in a particular profile. Finally, a suggestion for an approach to pastoral care in each profile, based on an understanding of the "logic of belonging" operative in that profile, is offered.
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Percebo, Fernando de Castro. "O sistema de referência e contrarreferência em saúde bucal segundo a percepção de profissionais e usuários." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/108/108131/tde-03082016-111005/.
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Os serviços oferecidos pelo Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) estão organizados em rede, de forma a oferecer a seus usuários uma atenção integral. Com esse propósito, a configuração desta rede de serviços deve privilegiar o acesso do usuário ao nível de atenção que possa oferecer resolução ao seu caso, disponibilizando um adequado sistema de referência e contrarreferência para o usuário que necessite ser encaminhado de um nível de atenção a outro. Sendo assim, este estudo tem por objetivo avaliar a percepção dos profissionais e usuários referente ao sistema de referência e contrarreferência, e como este sistema funciona no cotidiano das unidades envolvidas neste estudo. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, cujos dados foram coletados através da aplicação de um questionário que visava obter as representações sociais de profissionais e usuários sobre o tema proposto, bem como alguns aspectos operacionais sobre o funcionamento deste sistema nestas unidades. Posteriormente os resultados foram apresentados e analisados na forma do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo e permitiram concluir que profissionais e usuários têm a mesma percepção a respeito dos problemas que afetam o bom funcionamento deste sistema, tais como falta de profissionais, demora no atendimento, falta de resolutividade da atenção básica, disponibilidade de serviços na atenção secundária em desacordo com as necessidades da população, dificuldades na comunicação entre os profissionais dos diferentes níveis de atenção, e uma deficiência no controle do fluxo dos usuários, fazendo com que o sucesso dos encaminhamentos dependa muitas vezes do empenho pessoal dos profissionais e do esforço pessoal dos próprios pacientes.The services offered by the Unified Health System (SUS) are organized in a network in order to offer its users an integral attention. For this purpose, the configuration of this services network should prioritize the users access to the health care level that can provide the solution to his case, and a suitable reference and counter reference system to the user that needs to be sent from a health care level to another. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the perception of professionals and users concerning the reference and counter reference system, and how this system works daily in the health units involved in this study. This is a qualitative study, where data were collected through the application of a questionnaire aimed to obtain the social representations of professionals and users about the proposed subject, as well as some operational aspects about the operation of this system at these health units. Subsequently the results were presented and analyzed in the form of Collective Subject Discourse and allow us to conclude that professionals and users have the same perception about the problems that affect the proper functioning of this system, such as lack of professionals, delay in treatment, lack of resoluteness of the primary health care, availability of services in secondary care at odds with people\'s needs, difficulties in communication between professionals of different health care levels, and a deficiency in controlling the flow of users, making the success of referrals dependent often on personal commitment of the professionals involved and of the patient\'s own efforts.
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Herholdt, Marius Daniel. "Well-being : a paradigmatic contribution to community health care with special reference to herbalism / Marius Daniel Herholdt." Thesis, North-West University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/2357.
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Demjén, Zsófia. "Language and mind : how language can convey mental states, with special reference to Sylvia Plath's Smith Journal." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.588500.
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This thesis investigates how the language of written texts of a personal nature (especially diaries/journals) can convey the writer's mental states. Sylvia Plath's so-called Smith Journal, as published in The Unabridged Journals of Sylvia Plath (Kukil, 2000), is examined as a special case-study. A better understanding of the link between language use and various mental states may be useful in developing more sophisticated automated analytical tools and, on a more practical level, in the timely recognition of mental health issues. Mental state, for the purposes of this thesis, refers to those aspects of cognition that are intrinsically valenced, i.e. can be placed on a cline of positive - negative. The focus is on self-descriptions, direct and metaphorical references to mental states, self- references, especially the use of personal pronouns. In conjunction, temporal orientation and negation are also explored. Halliday's (1994) notion of transitivity, as well as literature on the communication of emotions in linguistics and psychology, is drawn on in the process of these analyses. This involves both automated corpus analyses of the whole text and manual intensive investigations of sample sections. A corpus comparison between the Smith Journal and an autobiography corpus reveals the key characteristics of the data. Those relevant for the investigation of mental states are selected and investigated further later in the thesis. In this process, the author proposes a model of temporal orientation for the differentiation of types of second-person narration. Overall the thesis suggests strong evidence for a negative self-image and extreme self-focus in the Smith Journal. There is also evidence of a general lack of agency and that the negative mental states are not within the experiencer's control. They also seem to be experienced intensely and painfully - sometime suggesting a sense of inner split.
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Kadhom, Hana M. "Prevention of pressure sores in hospital and community with special reference to the time spent for care." Thesis, University of Hull, 1989. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:3632.
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The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the amount of time which was spent in giving preventive pressure area care in both a sample of hospital patients and a sample of community patients. A pilot study was carried out to test the methodology, which was subsequently used with only minor modifications, for the main study. Bedfast or chairfast patients were studied from admission to the selected hospital wards or community nursing areas for a period of six weeks or until they were discharged from care, developed pressure sores, died, or became mobile. Data was collected by means of interviews and observations made of patients, nurses and relatives. A diary sheet was designed for use by nurses in hospital and by nurses and relatives in the community, on which they were asked to record pressure area care as it was given. Information collected by this means included the time spent in care, the method used and observation of the skin areas. The researcher also collected data about the patient's appetite, Norton Score, age, sex and diagnosis. The outcome measure used was whether or not the patient developed a pressure sore which was defined for this study as a break in the skin due to pressure. Due to geographical dispersion of patients within the community in the health district used for that part of the study, fewer community patients (n = 30) were included in the study than the number of hospital patients studied (n = 88). Discriminant analysis was used on the results to distinguish between groups of patients. Results of this study showed that a higher percentage (29%) of the hospital patients developed pressure sores than among the community patients studied (20%). The average total time spent on pressure area care daily was higher for the community patients than for the hospital patients. Interestingly, of the six community patients who developed pressure sores, five were dependent entirely upon the nursing service for pressure area care, whilst the usual pattern at home was that relatives and nurses shared the care. Frequency of pressure area care given showed a significant relationship with outcome for both hospital and community patients. It should be noted that whilst the number of patients who developed sores is reported here, and this is related to the total number of patients studied, this study is not an incidence or a prevalence study, and should not be considered as such. The study appears to show that nursing care devoted to the prevention of pressure sores in terms of time and frequency is significantly related to outcome and thus to effectiveness.
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Timothy, James John. "Pastoral care and counselling in the black churches in Britain : with special reference to those in Leeds." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1990. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/652/.
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The purpose of this thesis is to explore various aspects of pastoral care and counselling in the black churches in Britain. The first aspect of caring that has been explored is acceptance. When people are genuinely accepted by others there is the possibility for personal growth and development to take place. Such acceptance can be therapeutic. It contains health-giving qualities and is a means towards greater self-acceptance, especially by those who may be affected by a sense of poor value in the way they see themselves. The second aspect is understanding. Part of what is discussed here is that people who are connected by and share similar life experiences, are equipped to care for each other in ways that those who are detached outsiders may not be able to. In other words, caring which is based on understanding is enhanced when the relationship is between persons who are party to the same difficulties. The third and fourth categories consist of an examination of pastoral care within the context of housing and unemployment conditions. Aspects of care which are featured are those that entail sharing, support, and the promotion of self-help endeavours such as repairs done to the homes of church members. There is caring through the personal presence of individuals in the form of visits to homes, prayers offered and encouragement given. Ways in which such responses contribute to the affirmation of worth and the empowering of individuals so that they are able to take control of the adverse circumstances which affect them, are caring factors which have been explored as well. The fifth area looks at the black family. Caring under the aegis of a network of support systems that nurtures and sustains individuals is featured. The sixth category is worship. Most of the ritual aspects and component features which combine to make worship a fulfilling and satisfying experience are assessed. Finally, the conclusion points to other related areas which might be looked at.
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Blisard, Samuel N. "Modeling spatial references for unoccupied spaces for human-robot interaction /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p1426048.
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Rhodes, Maxine. "Municipal maternity services : policy and provision 1900-1939 with particular reference to Kingston upon Hull and its Municipal Maternity Home." Thesis, University of Hull, 1996. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:4620.
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Morato, Márcia Gasparini Canuto. "Análise de estratégia para aplicação de sistema eletrônico na referência e contrarreferência nos serviços de saúde." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2013. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/3540.
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Introduction: In recent times, the Brazilian Unified Health System has undergone several innovations in management, organizing, financing and services. In this context, looms as a major strengthening of the system of Primary Health Care, which has demonstrated the essence of the effectiveness of care, enabling a holistic approach to people. In this sense, it is necessary an efficient monitoring of the patient by means of the reference and counter reference. Objective: To analyze strategies to implement the Electronic System Reference and counter reference in the Family Health Unit (FHU) in the city of Anápolis, Goiás. Material and Methods: The study was a prospective, nonrandomized intervention, developed in two of the three FHU research. The experimental and control groups were chosen on the basis of convenience. Visits were made by the researcher to the health units, explanations about the research and requests for assistance to the professionals. The interventions were performed by means of encouragement and guidance to professionals and patients. It was used among the instruments: Sheets Guidelines and Flow and Letter Search. In one of FHU Intervention was made available the Electronic Reference and counter reference. We carried out the monitoring, the FHU study and the National Regulatory System (SISREG), the flow of patients referred to specialists in the period from 1 August 2012 to 1 December 2012. Visits to medical specialists were made who treated the patients referred and also active search for patients who have not returned or returned without the counter reference - FHU source. It was evaluated the number of references, counter reference and reasons for non-return of patients and counter reference to the three FHU from study. Data were analyzed using STATA version 11.0. Results: Of the total of 6,218 medical consultations, it was performed 532 accompaniments to specialists physicians and 492 patients accompaniments. The referral rate was 8.56 %. They were requested and scheduled more appointments in FHU intervention. Of referrals made, 54.27 % were scheduled consultations. Of these, 11.61 % patients returned to FHU source routing. The time of the patient's return home to FHU, after issuing the referral reference ranged from 6 to 110 days. The patients return home at FHU occurred only in Intervention, and of these patients, almost half returned to the counter reference manually. Conclusions: The study demonstrated rate of referrals in accordance with international standards; difficulties of access to specialized consultations, low number of patients returns to FHU source routing, as well , that guidance and encouragement to professionals and patients positively affect the patients return to the FHU and counter reference source. It was believed to be feasible to implement the referral system and counter reference electronically, allowing better communication between professionals safely and quickly and greater integration between services.
Introdução: Nos últimos tempos, o Sistema Único de Saúde brasileiro vem passando por várias inovações na gestão, na organização, no financiamento e em seus serviços. Nesse contexto, avulta como importante o fortalecimento do sistema de Atenção Primária à Saúde, que tem demonstrado a essência da efetividade do cuidado, viabilizando uma abordagem integral às pessoas. Nesse sentido, é necessário um eficiente acompanhamento do paciente, por meio dos instrumentos de referência e contrarreferência. Objetivo: Analisar estratégias para implantação de Sistema Eletrônico na Referência e Contrarreferência em Unidade de Saúde da Família (USF) no município de Anápolis-Goiás. Material e Métodos: O estudo realizado foi prospectivo, de intervenção não randomizada, desenvolvido em duas das três USF da pesquisa. Os grupos experimentais e de controle foram escolhidos com base em critérios de conveniência. Foram feitas visitas pela pesquisadora às unidades de saúde, explanações sobre a pesquisa e solicitações de auxílio aos profissionais. As intervenções foram realizadas por meio de estímulo e orientações aos profissionais e aos pacientes. Utilizaram-se entre os instrumentos: Fichas de Orientações e de Fluxo e Carta da Pesquisa. Em uma das USF Intervenção, foi disponibilizado o Sistema Eletrônico de Referência e Contrarreferência. Realizou-se o acompanhamento, nas USF do estudo e no Sistema Nacional de Regulação (SISREG), do fluxo dos pacientes referenciados aos médicos especialistas no período de 1º de agosto de 2012 a 1º de dezembro de 2012. Foram feitas, visitas aos médicos especialistas que atenderam os pacientes referenciados e, ainda, busca ativa de pacientes que não retornaram ou retornaram sem a contrarreferência à USF de origem. Avaliou-se o número de referências, contrarreferências e os motivos do não retorno dos pacientes e de contrarreferências às três USF do estudo. Os dados obtidos foram analisados por meio do programa STATA, versão 11.0. Resultados: Do total de 6.218 atendimentos médicos, foram realizados 532 encaminhamentos aos médicos especialistas e 492 acompanhamentos de pacientes. A taxa de encaminhamentos foi de 8,56%. Foram solicitadas e agendadas mais consultas nas USF Intervenção. Dos encaminhamentos realizados, 54,27% consultas foram agendadas. Destas, retornaram 11,61% pacientes às USF de origem do encaminhamento. O tempo do retorno do paciente à USF de origem, após a emissão do encaminhamento de referência variou de 6 a 110 dias. O retorno dos pacientes à USF de origem ocorreu apenas nas USF Intervenção, e destes pacientes, praticamente a metade retornou com a contrarreferência de forma manual. Conclusões: O estudo evidenciou taxa de encaminhamentos de acordo com os parâmetros internacionais; dificuldades de acesso às consultas especializadas; baixo número de retornos de pacientes às USF de origem do encaminhamento; como também, que orientações e estímulo aos profissionais e aos pacientes influenciaram positivamente no retorno dos pacientes e de contrarreferências às USF de origem. Acredita-se ser factível implantar o sistema de referência e contrarreferência por meio eletrônico, que permite uma melhor comunicação entre os profissionais de forma segura e rápida e uma maior integração entre os serviços.
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Espíritu, Aranda Walter Augusto, and Nieva Christian Fernando Machuca. "Modelo de Referencia para la Gestión de la Seguridad de Datos de Salud Soportado en una Plataforma Blockchain." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/655799.
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En la actualidad, los centros de salud tales como hospitales y clínicas necesitan guías específicas que ayuden en la creación de controles para administrar y salvaguardar la confidencialidad, disponibilidad e integridad de la información de sus sistemas. En consecuencia, se utiliza como guía la ISO/IEC 27002 que sirve para la administración de la información que cuenta con controles generales que pueden ser tomados como ejemplo. Sin embargo, ante la necesidad de aplicar controles específicos en el sector salud, se creó la ISO/IEC 27799 que tiene con objetivo brindar controles de seguridad para proteger la información personal (pacientes) en cuanto a los temas de salud.
Este proyecto consiste en implementar un modelo de referencia para entidades del sector salud que permita gestionar la seguridad de los datos sensibles y confidenciales soportado en una plataforma Blockchain integrando la norma ISO/IEC 27799. Además, para el sector salud tienen que cumplirse los principios fundamentales de seguridad de la información, si uno de ellos se incumple, podría traer repercusiones negativas hacia el paciente.
Los resultados obtenidos indican que al utilizar la tecnología Blockchain, los datos de salud de los pacientes están mejor resguardados ante cualquier incidente como por ejemplo un Ciberataque o manipulación mal intencionada de datos. Se espera que nuestro modelo de referencia ayude en la gestión de la seguridad de datos de salud en los hospitales y clínicas, con el fin de reducir el impacto de riesgos encontrados durante el proceso de validación.Currently, health centers such as hospitals and needs need specific guidelines that help in creating controls to manage and safeguard the confidentiality, availability, and integrity of the information in their systems. Consequently, ISO / IEC 27002 is used as a guide, which is used for the management of information that has general controls that can be taken as an example. However, given the need to apply specific controls in the health sector, ISO / IEC 27799 was created, which aims to provide security controls to protect personal information (patients) regarding health issues. This project consists of implementing a reference model for entities in the health sector that allows managing the security of sensitive and confidential data supported on a Blockchain platform integrating the ISO / IEC 27799 standard. In addition, the three principles must be met for the health sector basic information security, if one of them is breached, it could have negative repercussions for the patient. The results obtained indicate that by using Blockchain technology, patients' health data is better protected against any incident such as a cyber-attack or malicious manipulation of data. Our reference model is expected to assist in the management of health data security in hospitals and clinics, in order to reduce the impact of risks found during the validation process.
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Saunders, Joy Kathleen. "Null and overt references in Spanish second language acquisition : a discourse perspective /." Digital version accessible at:, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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