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Gjelsvik, Olav. "The token-token identity-theory and recent theories of reference." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1986. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:53146317-0be5-4ecb-bbb4-151588096f03.
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This thesis investigates a specific kind of criticism of the token-token identity-theory. This criticism is based on recent theories of reference. In the Introduction I argue that more than Davidson's three premisses is needed to establish that mental events are identical to physical events. One needs to invoke principles about what constitutes event-identity. In Part 1 I discuss event-identities. I lay down the constraints an adequate theory of event-identity must satisfy, and criticise the major theories in the literature. I suggest an alternative view, which I defend against some recent proposals. I end Part 1 by exploring a view which takes seriously the possibility of constitution-relations between events. In Parts 2 and 3 I discuss whether the identity-theory can be defended. Part 2 discusses sensations, and I concentrate on S. Kripke's arguments against the identity-view. I distinguish two versions of Kripke's argument, one epistemic, and one metaphysical. The epistemic version of the argument presupposes Kripke's views on content, but fails by its own standards. The metaphysical version is shown to be weak and implausible. Part 3 discusses cognitive events, and concentrates on de re beliefs. I produce an argument which apparently defeats the identity-view. I elaborate two main strategies in defence of the identity-theory. I argue that given a theory of de re beliefs or singular thoughts like G. Evans's, the theory of event-identities I have developed, and some plausible further premisses, the identity-theory seems to be defeated. A reasonable interpretation of this result is to view it as an argument for constitution-relations between mental and physical events. I return to the view I introduced in part 1, and conclude that the token-token identity-theory should probably be replaced by this constitution-view if theories of de re beliefs are accepted.
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Sauls, Roderick K. "Identity : a study of representation with reference to District Six." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/8009.
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Bibliography: leaves 76-86.Racism is a phenomenon of inferiority. Our blackness is a phenomenon of pride. We are not out to hate Whites. We are out to treat them simply as people. The point, however, is that we can no longer care whether or not Whites understand us. What we do care about is understanding ourselves and, in the course of this task, helping the Whites to understand themselves. Now we are rejecting the idea their idea which unfortunately has also become deeply embedded in the souls of many of us - the idea that we live by their grace. We may live by the grace of God, but we do not live by the grace of the Whites. (Small, 1971)
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Jackson, Clare. "Interaction, gender, identity : a conversation analytic examination of person reference." Thesis, University of York, 2011. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/2242/.
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This thesis reports the findings of a conversation analytic study exploring how gendered and sexual identities are made relevant in mundane interaction. Drawing on a dataset of over seventy telephone calls made or recieved by pre-teen or teenage girls, these studies explore how (hetero)sexual matters are oriented to and managed in talk between freinds (Chapter Four), as well as how gendered identities are sponateously produced (Chapters Five and Six). The main, but not sole, analytic tool involves an examination of practices for referring to persons. A distinction is made between referring terms that are linguistically marked for gender and those that make gender relevant in talk. The upshot of this distinction is that the gendered nature of English language does not necessarily make gender relevant interactionally for participants. Indeed, non-gender marked terms can be used to ‘do’ gender. The most striking example of this is occasioned uses of ‘I’, a presumed categorically empty term, in order to produce gendered self-references. A final empirical chapter (Chapter Seven) moves away from gender and language to explore the ways in which speakers can manipulate social distances implied between speaker, recipient and non-present referents by their selection of referring term. Overall, this thesis demonstrates the utility of conversation analysis for feminist researchers, and contributes to conversation analytic understanding of person reference.
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Poggi, Giovanni Corrado. "Identity, nationalism and successful governance: with reference to South Sudan." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020579.
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The study seeks to delineate the African socio-political environment through an analytical contextualisation of repetitive authoritative systems, which perpetuate exclusion and the formation of politicised identity. Through a process of historical evaluation of African politics since the majority of states became independent, the study attempts to test a constructed triangular supposition that explains why identity disputation persists at almost every level of African governance. Bearing in mind the almost natural progression of African politics towards identity contestation, the second overriding objective seeks to evaluate the secession of South Sudan as a possible preventative model for identity politicised conflict. In this fashion, the study delves into the politics of a previously unified Sudan; and the events that led South Sudan to eventually seek secession. The primary objective of the study is to evaluate the assumption that territorial secession in Africa is able to quell identity contestation and promote an opportunity for equitable democratic governance. To meet the above objectives, a comprehensive outlay of African socio-politics and governance will be utilised to frame the analysis. Firstly, the study seeks to elaborate on the historiography of African colonial legacy as providing the foundations of identity exclusive politics on the continent. In this way, considerable investigative reverence must be given to the respective policies of colonial administration, namely indirect rule and direct rule. The effects of either of these policies contend a type of socio-political conditioning of African elites and civil society that still persists at time of writing. The concentration of this endeavour will be focused towards indirect colonial policy most famously implemented by British colonialism. The effects of the British policy of ethnic and ethno-religious categorisation is vitally important to a greater understanding of the majority of examples studied in the literature, including the formation of identity contestation in the case of the Sudan. Secondly, to further understand the complex dynamism of African politics which lead to identity based disputation, the study will turn to an analysis of the rhetoric of African independent governance and ideology. The primary objective here will be to detail how differing enactments of African ideology, including the advent of Pan-Arabism to the case of Sudan, ultimately continued the tradition of exclusive citizenship and dominance of some groups over others on the continent. This leads the study to uncover the deeper reasons for why socio-political exclusion continues to the present day. The final dimension of the triangular process suggests that exclusion has been maintained in Africa to prevent access of subverted groups to governance structures and more importantly to the limited resources of African states. Finally, the case of the secession of South Sudan is interpreted through the analytical lens of politicised identity that forms in the face of inadequate state structures to provide legitimate democratic access to the state. The third facet of the proposed theoretical triangle suggests that conflict and contestation is a product of grievances expressed from political exclusion. In this way, it is pivotal to the study to assess whether secession, as in the case of South Sudan, provides a valid alternative platform for suppressing identity contestation and promoting effective democratic consolidation. By all accounts, there is overwhelming evidence already to suggest that secession may be a successful way to repress identity politicisation. However, there remain substantial hurdles for many African states, including a now autonomous South Sudan, in order to finally dissolve the enduring problems of socio-political exclusion. Propositions and possible solutions will be posited for these states as an ad hoc objective.
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陳啓恩 and Kai-yan Chan. "A critique of Kripke's theories of proper names and names of natural kinds: an application of the laterWittgenstein's methodology." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31236546.
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Onay, Ahmet. "Religious attitudes and Muslim identity, with reference to Turkish university students." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2000. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/532/.
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The thesis explores religious attitudes and Muslim identity in Turkey from a social psychological perspective with reference to university students. Religious attitudes are explored in relation to three components: cognitive, behavioural and affective religious attitudes, whereas Muslim identity is examined through macro and micro levels, and observations. In order to investigate these issues, qualitative and quantitative methods are employed. Research hypotheses are developed on the basis of a review of secondary materials related to Islam in the Turkish context, Muslim identity and the measurement of religious attitudes. Primary data for this study are gathered through standardised questionnaires, such as the Religious Attitude Scale, in-depth interviews and observations. The techniques of psychometrics are employed for the fieldwork of this study, carried out among 1149 students in two universities in Turkey. Using sophisticated statistical analyses, test variables are operationalised and research hypotheses are tested. In doing this, a number of demographic and contextual variations, namely gender, age, family incomes, social and educational backgrounds, supplementary religious education and orientations towards both the Diyanet and cemaats, are taken into account as independent variables. Conclusions are drawn on the basis of the results of statistical analyses, as well as using qualitative inferences from in-depth interviews. The thesis also investigates the predictors of religious attitudes. Using a stepwise multiple regression analysis, between about 55% and 75% of variance in religious attitudes of Turkish university students are explained. The greatest amount of variance in religious attitudes is explained by orientation towards the Diyanet, the formal religious institution in Turkey.
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Spitz, Roland. "Subject and person : an essay on self-reference and personal identity." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1992. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:52fc98df-408e-4c2e-b3b1-43edaa37cfd3.
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Sugino, Akihiro. "Work and the blind identity in Japan with reference to the British experience." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1997. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1492/.
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This thesis explores Japanese employment policy for blind people in the context of the current decline of their traditionally reserved occupations. The thesis presents an historical analysis of the rise and fall of the occupational guild of the blind since the thirteenth century. The study focuses on blind people's attempts to reinforce their traditionally reserved occupations in the context of the emergence of Japanese social policy in the early twentieth century. Archival research suggests that the government refused to restore blind people's monopoly of massage under the influence of Western medicine and fashionable British integrationist ideas, the latter of which increasingly influenced the postwar policy despite the absence of any significant success in employment of the blind in ordinary industries. In order to assess the credibility of the government's belief in open employment, the development of British employment policy for the blind is explored. The analysis focuses on blind people's commitment to sheltered workshops, and suggests that the shift to open employment was largely caused by the government's concerns over the financial cost of providing sheltered workshops. The historical analysis in Japan and Britain demonstrates that protected employment was gradually eroded despite blind people's demand for preferential treatment. It was in this context that some blind people began to seek employment within the sighted world, but, in both countries, the blind identity was maintained in separation from the sighted. Based on in-depth interviews with 38 blind people and two postal surveys involving 323 blind people in Japan, the second part of the thesis explores why and how the blind identity is generated in the employment field, and how blind people themselves perceive work and equality. The thesis concludes that whereas the blind identity is generated by separation at work, that separation is not only due to social oppression but also to voluntary disengagement from sighted society and engagement in the blind community.
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Brundrit, Jean. "Photographic representation of lesbian identity with special reference to the Southern African context." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/51873.
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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2000.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis presents a discussion of a photographic representation of lesbian identity in Southern Africa. Two photographic series, Does your lifestyle depress your mother? and the Dyke Career Series (collectively referred to/exhibited as Lavender Menace) produced during the period 1997 to 1999 form the practical component of this MA submission. Lavender Menace is considered in relation to lesbian identity, lesbian social visibility, stereotypes and the relationship between photography and 'reality'. The various readings that the works can be said to have, are discussed and an explanation of the purpose in photographing the 'ordinariness' of the lesbians who were imaged, is included. A historical overview of the concepts 'lesbian', and 'visibility'specifically in South Africa during the last 50 years, and how homophobia has affected lesbian life is presented in Chapter One. In Chapter Two, the notion of stereotypes is examined, particularly those of the 'butch' lesbian and the 'lipstick' or 'chic' lesbian. Neither of these stereotypes is entirely accurate and the role of stereotypes in potentially disseminating mis-information and prejudice, and how this influences potential ways of identity construction, is discussed. It can be seen that this influence of stereotypes on lesbians and lesbian visual representation cannot be ignored as the dominant stereotypes in society are too pervasive. The notion of readability is explored in Chapter Three. The constructed nature of photography, specifically with regard to Lavender Menace, is discussed in relation to truth, theatricality, the use of text and possible readings of the work. An explanation of my particular purpose in choosing to photograph in the way I did is included, concluding that although meaning is not fixed, the intention of the artist can be visually presented in a 'legible' manner (if desired) to assist possible interpretations. This thesis/research has been utilised to inform my own artistic production, by exploring the questions and issues raised while producing Lavender Menace, namely lesbian visibility, the use of stereotypes and how images are interpreted. This thesis and Lavender Menace should contribute to the general research area by promoting social visibility of lesbians in South Africa.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis bied 'n bespreking van 'n fotografiese voorstelling van lesbiese identiteit in Suid-Afrika. Die praktiese komponent van die voorlegging vir die Meestersgraad bestaan uit twee reekse fotos, Does your lifestyle depress your mother? en Dyke Career Series, wat in die periode vanaf 1997 tot 1999 geproduseer is (en gesamentlik as Lavender Menace uitgestal/beskou word). Lavender Menace word in verhouding tot lesbiese identitieit, lesbiese sosiale sigbaarheid, stereotipes en die verhouding tussen fotografie en 'werklikheid' beskou. Die verskillende lesings/beduidenisse wat die werk sou kon hê, word bespreek en 'n verduideliking van die doelstelling met die fotografering van die 'gewoonheid' van die lesbiese wat verbeeld is, word ingesluit. 'n Historiese oorsig van die konsepte 'lesbies' en 'sigbaarheid', veral in Suid-Afrika gedurende die afgelope 50 jaar, en hoe homofobie die lesbiese lewenswyse geaffekteer het, word in Hoofstuk Een aangebied. In Hoofstuk Twee word die idee van stereotipes ondersoek, veral die van die 'butch' en die 'lipstiffie-', of'sjiek' lesbiese vrou. Geeneen van hierdie stereotipes is geheel-en-al korrek nie en die rol van stereotipes in die potensiële verspreiding van verkeerde inligting en vooroordeel en hoe dit die potensiële wyses vir die konstruksie van identiteit affekteer, word bespreek. Daar word getoon dat die invloed van stereotipering op die lesbiese vrou en die lesbiese visuele voorstelling nie geïgnoreer kan word nie, aangesien die oorheersende stereotipes in die samelewing te deurdringend is. Die idee van leesbaarheid word in Hoofstuk Drie ondersoek. Die gekonstrueerde aard van fotografie, veral met betrekking tot Lavender Menace, word met betrekking tot die waarheid, die teatrale, die gebruik van teks en moontlike lesings/interpretasies van die werk bespreek. 'n Verduideliking van my besondere doelstelling met die keuse van hoé om te fotografeer word ingesluit, met die konklusie dat, alhoewel betekenis nie finaal vasgelê is nie, die bedoeling van die kunstenaar visueel op 'n 'leesbare' manier voorgestel kan word (indien dit verlang word) om moontlike interpretasies te ondersteun. Die tesis/navorsing is aangewend om my eie artistieke produksie in te lig deur die vrae en kwessies wat gedurende die produksie van Lavender Menace na vore gekom het, namens lesbiese sigbaarheid, die gebruik van stereotipes en hoe beelde geïnterpreteer word, te ondersoek. Hierdie tesis, tesame met Lavender Menace, behoort Inbydrae te lewer tot die navorsingveld in die algemeen deur die bevordering van die sosiale sigbaarheid van die lesbiese in Suid-Afrika.
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Laforet, Sylvie. "Determinants of corporate hierarchical branding strategies with reference to the fast moving consumer goods." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1995. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7052.
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Hassan, Ahmad Sanusi. "Tradition versus modernity in the rain forest environment with particular reference to peninsular Malaysia." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.243667.
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Julius, Hayley. "Internalised shame and racialised identity in South Africa, with specific reference to 'coloured' identity : a quantitative study at two Western Cape universities." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/7996.
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Bibliography: leaves 64-71.Drawing on Social Identity Theory, with particular reference to racialisation in South Africa, this study looked at the significance of shame for a group of people who identify with the racially ascribed group of 'coloured'. It was also the purpose of the study to determine whether there were significant differences in shame amongst three groups of respondents who identified themselves as 'black', 'white', and 'coloured', as an indication of institutional apartheid's bastardisation of certain identities and the consequences thereof in self-conscious emotions. The sample consisted of 444 students at the University of Cape Town and the University of the Western Cape, with a 'racial' demographic breakdown of 131 'black' respondents, 136 'white' respondents, 132 'coloured' respondents, 11 'Indian' respondents, and 15 respondents who chose the option of 'other'. As the three major groups of interest was 'black', 'white', and 'coloured', and sample sizes of other groups were small, information for these latter groups were discarded. The independent variable, strength of 'racial' identification across the 'race' categories of 'black', 'white', and 'coloured', was measured by a 24-item instrument comprising a 16-item Collective Self-Esteem Scale (Luhtanen and Crocker, 1992) that had been supplemented by 8 items from Bornman's (1988) racial identification scale. The dependent variable was shame and the Internalized Shame Scale (Cook, 2001) was used as a measure of this. A demographic questionnaire was compiled and respondents were asked to voluntarily respond to these three self-report measures in one sitting, administered in their lecture theatre during usual lecture times.
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Weber, J. Mark (Jonathan Mark). "Social identity, disidentification, and the at-risk student : an intergroup relations perspective." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=26767.
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The present study surveyed 644 (337 males, 306 females) high school students and found that social groups that were disidentified from schools, when compared to identified groups; (a) were perceived to be more distinctive, (b) were more sensitive to the number of competing outgroups, (c) had more closed and cohesive group structures, (d) were perceived to have more homogeneous memberships, and (e) were perceived to be more likely to enact behavioral sanctions against members who strayed from internal group norms. While members of school-identified groups had better self-esteem on average than members of disidentified (at-risk) groups, members of disidentified groups who felt closely connected to their groups had better self-esteem than those who felt more loosely associated, and, such disidentified group members had self-esteem comparable to even identified group members. The results of the present study suggest that the dominant individualistic paradigm fails to satisfactorily explain, or address the needs of socially connected at-risk students who rely on their anti-normative groups to buoy their self-esteem and define their identities.
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Le, Roux Janell. "A cut and paste identity : an investigation of reality TV's role in postmodern identity construction with special reference to ordinary people as celebrities." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1462.
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This study aimed to examine the construction of the identity of the participants within the reality TV programmes (Style Her Famous, My Celebrity Home and How Do I Look) as well as examined the representation of that identity as reflected in the change in participants from the beginning to the end of the program. Drawing on literature from fields such as postmodernism and its influence on culture, identity constructions and ordinary people as celebrities, an analysis of the three American reality TV shows Style Her Famous, My Celebrity Home and How Do I Look was conducted. An indepth content analysis with specific reference to comparative analysis further aided this study. A total of 18 episodes (six episodes for each programme) were collected and thoroughly analyzed where the ‘cut and paste identity’ of ordinary people as ‘celebrities’ constituted the hermeneutical key of the study. The episodes and programs have been scrutinized and have been systematically classified to enable an analysis of the observations. This study attempted to not only describe, but also to foster change in the representation of the identity of the participants of the above mentioned reality TV programmes. The study found that reality television plays a role in shaping the postmodern identity of ordinary people as celebrities. The study also found that the participants involved in the above mentioned programmes found it easy to make someone else’s identity their own. It appeared that the postmodern mind is easily influenced and willing to adopt an identity especially that of a celebrity. The participants involved in these programs claimed this identity as their own and then believed that the new identity was in fact who they ‘really are’ but in actual fact it is a beginning of a new sameness with somebody else. Hence the participants possessed a ‘cut and paste identity.’
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Kearney, Kirsten. "Constructing the nation : the role of the ballad in twentieth century German national identity, with special reference to Scotland." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/188.
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This thesis focuses on the importance of the ballad in constructing national identity in Germany during the 20th century from 1918-1978. It presents a comparative approach using Scotland as a comparator, based on three significant time periods throughout the century: the Weimar Republic, the Nazi era and the German folk revival. In each of these eras the issue of national awareness was most in evidence and national identity was being created or was a particular object of tension. The modern Scottish literary renaissance and the Scottish folk revival will be used for comparative purposes. The comparative approach will also aid a deeper understanding of the concept of national identity itself. The hypothesis is that the ballad has contributed to the development of national identity in specific and differing ways in the two countries. Selected artists; poets, singers and Liedermacher have been chosen as representatives for each particular stage. The ballad in the 20th century has previously received little critical attention, thus this period has been chosen as the time frame of the thesis in an attempt to redress this balance and create new knowledge. The 20th century is also a rewarding area of study because it saw specific developments in the notion of nationalism and evidenced both the devastating results of the abuse of national identity and the positive power of the concept for nation building. The foundation of this thesis is the recognition that national identity is not necessarily natural, inherent and straightforward, but is rather a deliberate construction, created by people or groups within the nation for distinct political, social and cultural ends.
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Bilal, M. M. "The Kuwaiti theatre : a search for identity (1939-1980), with special reference to the popular theatre." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.356219.
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Marvell, Alan D. "The construction of suburban residential identity in developers' promotional material : with specific reference to North Swindon." Thesis, University of Gloucestershire, 2016. http://eprints.glos.ac.uk/4175/.
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This thesis identifies the multiple meanings of the contemporary suburb by exploring the construction of suburban residential identities through an analysis of developers’ promotional literature. Special reference is made to a large housing development in North Swindon, which was regarded as Britain’s biggest housing scheme when construction first began in 1994 (Webb, 1994; Boddy et al., 1997; Marvell, 2004). Home to over 30,000 people, the final parts of the development are still awaiting completion at the time of writing. Using an approach inspired by Roland Barthes (1972; 1977), this thesis uncovers the multiple meanings of the contemporary suburb in terms of how it is portrayed by housing developers. Interviews with representatives from various housing developers, town planners and architects have helped to identify the process of brochure production and the representation of suburban identities. The findings suggest that meanings within the suburb are not static and change over time. The meanings are largely derived from a rural idyll, yet the constructed form is sub-urban rather than sub-rural. Interestingly, the terms ‘suburban’ or ‘suburb’ do not feature in any of the promotional material sampled. This thesis deconstructs the material using both text and image. Whilst some meanings coexist between text and image there are noticeable differences which are consistent with studies using applied social semiotics (Hodge and Kress, 1988; Kress and van Leeuwen, 2006). This thesis provides a contribution to knowledge because no recent studies have been published on this area of study since Eyles (1987) and Gold and Gold (1990). A deconstruction of text and image has reduced the promotional material to eight superordinate headings that reflect the importance of community, environment, family, heritage, financial incentives, lifestyle, location and design. The methodological approach developed in this thesis has the potential to be applied more widely to suburban developments in North America, Europe and Australia, which suggests that this research can contribute to a wider understanding of suburban form. This thesis widens the debate amongst policy makers, planners and government at both local and national level regarding the contemporary identity of the suburb. It defines what is being constructed today in preparation for tomorrow.
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Swart, Jan-Erik. "An exploratory study of South African choral identity with specific reference to three regional children's choirs." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1013205.
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This qualitative mini-treatise explores how South African choral identity is perceived by three regional children’s choirs, facing challenges of representing cultural diversity against the background of an ongoing process of social transformation. The study proposes that choirs from South Africa project a distinctly South African “choral” identity which they themselves have constructed by fabricating a mental representation of themselves, and which they project outwardly by means of a range of musical and extra-musical elements observable in the cultural product and artifacts generated over time. The researcher has analyzed a selection of cultural products and artifacts of the Eastern Cape Children’s Choir, the Cantare Children’s Choir and the Tygerberg Children’s Choir, in order to identify common practices among three subject choirs which sustain their continuity, in terms of Richard’s definition of identity (in Torres 2008: 3): “to name a set of practices which subjects may adopt in sustaining both the individual and, to varying degrees, collective continuity”. Research findings indicate that subject choirs are perceived, and project their choral identities, according to their musical ability to communicate and interact with other world-class choirs. Recurring practices undertaken by each subject choir, in order to maintain their international perspective, are identified as key to sustaining their continuity. Choral identity is furthermore strongly influenced by the choral tradition of the choir and the role of the conductor in developing their choral tone. This study is significant to regional children’s choirs seeking to overcome challenges of renegotiating cultural identity, as well as sustaining and expanding choral singing as an art form in South Africa.
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Viana, Cristina Amaro. "O enigma filosófico da identidade pessoal /." Marília : [s.n.], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/91766.
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Orientador: Antonio Trajano Menezes ArrudaBanca: Mariana Cláudia Broens
Banca: André Leclerc
Resumo: Este trabalho consiste num esforço para compreender a noção filosófica de identidade pessoal ao longo do tempo. O procedimento para atingir tal compreensão é o de analisar e discutir as principais soluções, encontradas na literatura, que foram propostas para o problema da identidade pessoal. Este problema é descrito como a dificuldade de fundamentar e explicar a nossa crença de que uma pessoa em um dado momento de sua vida e ela em um outro momento são a mesma pessoa, a despeito das grandes alterações biopsicossociais pelas quais ela passa. A primeira solução proposta para este problema é aquela que centra a identidade pessoal em critérios substanciais, que podem ser físicos ou metafísicos. A segunda solução analisada é aquela que recorre à noção de continuidade, seja física, seja psicológica, para buscar explicar como as pessoas permanecem as mesmas ao longo do tempo. Uma terceira solução investigada propõe o entendimento do problema em questão como um problema passível de ser resolvido pela análise linguístico-conceitual; nesta parte, discutimos as seguintes idéias: concepção cética de identidade pessoal, auto-referência, auto-consciência e perspectiva de primeira pessoa. E, por fim, utilizando as noções de auto-organização e de emergência, discutimos as possíveis contribuições da sistêmica na busca de uma solução para o problema.
Abstract: This work consists of an effort to understand the philosophical notion of personal identity over time. The means to reach this understanding is to analyse and to discuss the most important solutions found in the literature that were proposed to the problem of personal identity. This problem is described as the difficulty of grounding and explaining our belief that a person in a given moment of her life and herself in another moment are one and the same person, despite all the great biopsychosocial changes which she undergoes. The first proposed solution to this problem makes substantial criteria, whether physical or metaphysical, central to personal identity. The second solution appeals to the notion of continuity, whether physical or psychological, to explain how people remain the same over time. A third solution suggests that the problem can be solved through linguistic-conceptual analysis; here, we discuss such ideas as the sceptical conception of personal identity, selfreference, self-consciousness and the first-person perspective. And, finally, with the help of the notions of self-organization and emergence, we discuss possible contributions of systemic theory to solving the problem.
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Smith, Doris Jean. "Reference groups and ritualistic behavior: A cultural perspective on addiction." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1990. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/571.
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Cech, K. "The social and religious identity of the Tibetan Bonpos with special reference to North-West Himalayan settlement." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.383994.
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Viana, Cristina Amaro [UNESP]. "O enigma filosófico da identidade pessoal." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/91766.
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Este trabalho consiste num esforço para compreender a noção filosófica de identidade pessoal ao longo do tempo. O procedimento para atingir tal compreensão é o de analisar e discutir as principais soluções, encontradas na literatura, que foram propostas para o problema da identidade pessoal. Este problema é descrito como a dificuldade de fundamentar e explicar a nossa crença de que uma pessoa em um dado momento de sua vida e ela em um outro momento são a mesma pessoa, a despeito das grandes alterações biopsicossociais pelas quais ela passa. A primeira solução proposta para este problema é aquela que centra a identidade pessoal em critérios substanciais, que podem ser físicos ou metafísicos. A segunda solução analisada é aquela que recorre à noção de continuidade, seja física, seja psicológica, para buscar explicar como as pessoas permanecem as mesmas ao longo do tempo. Uma terceira solução investigada propõe o entendimento do problema em questão como um problema passível de ser resolvido pela análise linguístico-conceitual; nesta parte, discutimos as seguintes idéias: concepção cética de identidade pessoal, auto-referência, auto-consciência e perspectiva de primeira pessoa. E, por fim, utilizando as noções de auto-organização e de emergência, discutimos as possíveis contribuições da sistêmica na busca de uma solução para o problema.
This work consists of an effort to understand the philosophical notion of personal identity over time. The means to reach this understanding is to analyse and to discuss the most important solutions found in the literature that were proposed to the problem of personal identity. This problem is described as the difficulty of grounding and explaining our belief that a person in a given moment of her life and herself in another moment are one and the same person, despite all the great biopsychosocial changes which she undergoes. The first proposed solution to this problem makes substantial criteria, whether physical or metaphysical, central to personal identity. The second solution appeals to the notion of continuity, whether physical or psychological, to explain how people remain the same over time. A third solution suggests that the problem can be solved through linguistic-conceptual analysis; here, we discuss such ideas as the sceptical conception of personal identity, selfreference, self-consciousness and the first-person perspective. And, finally, with the help of the notions of self-organization and emergence, we discuss possible contributions of systemic theory to solving the problem.
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van, Tilburg Mirre. "Fashion Bloggers : And their ongoing journey to increase their capital." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Centrum för modevetenskap, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-77587.
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Ball, Karen. "Trois pieces en forme de poire the narrated self : creating identity as autobiographical narrative through appropriation and reference to the other /." Connect to full text, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/2249.
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Thesis (M.V.A.)--University of Sydney, 2008."Printmedia"--T.p. Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Visual Arts to the Sydney College of the Arts. Degree awarded 2008; thesis submitted 2007. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print form.
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Nanno, Edward. "The literary-theoretical influences on the thought of Hans Frei and Paul Ricoeur, with reference to narrative identity." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/1991.
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This thesis analyses those differences In interpretation which occur when separate literary-theoretical approaches are applied to biblical texts. Hans Frei suggests that the biblical texts describe the world in a way which he calls "realistic narrative". Paul Ricoeur's hermeneutic recognises the disclosive power of the text and translates the subject matter of the text into a "way-of- being-in-the-world". Thus, the primary identity disclosed by the biblical narratives differs. For Frei, it is the identity of Jesus which is disclosed; for Ricoeur, it is "our common human Christian identity". These two thinkers have usually been compared theologically. However, I contend that the theological investigations of both Frei and Ricoeur have been influenced by the literary approaches which guide their theological work. I give an exposition of this relationship in chapter one. In chapter two, I sketch out the implications of this relationship, focusing on the issue of narrative identity. In the final chapter, critiques of both systems are investigated as I attempt to deal with the force of these objections. This dissertation investigates Frei's and Ricoeur's construals of narrative identity (as constructed through the reading of Biblical texts). My working hypothesis is that the construals of identity formulated by Frei and Ricoeur rely upon formalist, narrative "interpretations". My thesis contends that in their respective approaches to the notion of narrative identity, neither thinker has completely abandoned his early literary-theoretical roots in his theological proposals.
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Mohamed, Tarek Abdelsalam. "Architectural identity in eastern Arab cities : developing an assessment method with particular reference to the Aga Khan awards." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.270437.
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James, Brian M. "Ethnic identity among people of Mexican descent : a comparison of self reference, perception of similarity, and interaction preference /." Thesis, This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06112009-063347/.
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Harmon, Tracy R. "Essays on multiple identities and motivated consumption : exploring the role of identity centrality on self-brand connections." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2007. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002228.
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Haokip, Jangkholam. "A theological study of identity among the tribal people of North-East India with a special reference to the Kukis of Manipur." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2010. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=166222.
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This thesis investigates the struggle for identity among the tribal people of North-East India with a special reference to the Kuki people of Manipur. It explores the cultural and religious traditions of the people and the changes brought to them in the process of western colonial administration and Christianization in the early part of the twentieth century. It also investigates the socio-political and cultural situation of the people under the Independent India. The thesis explores debates within sociology between primordialist and constructivist theoretical perspectives and concludes that, while identity is a social construct, it reflects the real socio-economic, cultural and political context within which it emerges and real struggles for justice and dignity on the part of marginalised peoples. It is in this light that the current ethnic movements in North-East India are understood and their limitations are described and shown to result from the lack of a critical theological reflection. This study demonstrates that Christianity, although playing an important role in the formation of the peoples’ identity in the new setting, neglected their traditional cultural values and hence became a factor contributing to the peoples’ identity crisis. Dalit theology is taken as a dialogue partner in search of relevant theological response to the issue, but it is pointed out that while they have much in common, the additional task for tribal theology is to take into consideration the primal religious past as well as the difficult and complex socio-political realities shaping their present experience in a post-colonial, globalised world. The thesis outlines aspects of Kuki tradition which may contribute to a local theology and, in that process, can shape a new sense of identity, restoring dignity to the Kuki, while respecting the freedom and humanity of other peoples.
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Chang, Bi-yu. "Cultural change and identity shift in relation to cultural policy in post war Taiwan, with particular reference to theatre." Thesis, City University London, 2002. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/7619/.
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The issue of identity has become increasingly important in the 21't century. Facing the dilemma of being tom between globalisation and indigenisation, our sense of identity is constantly changing and in turmoil. This dissertation engages with several questions: How does our sense of belonging come about? In what ways and to what extent can the state construct culture, regulate our behaviour, and formulate a sense of belonging through cultural policy? And, why cultural policy might fail? Because the politics of cultural policy has either been overlooked or considered only in general terms without thorough examination on a long-term basis, this thesis examinest he relationshipb etweenc ulturalp olicy and culturali dentityb y exploring the case of post-war Taiwan. The development and dramatic change of cultural identity in post-war Taiwan provides a good testing ground to examine the relationship between cultural policy and identity construction, especially during the volatile identity crisis in the 1990s. There are two parts in this dissertation. Part I focuses on textual research of a half-century of Taiwanese cultural policy, alongside the island's historical development; Part 11 records and analyses the fieldwork I carried out on Taiwanese theatre to substantiate the textual analysis in Part 1. This thesis deals with issues in two areas that no other research has explored before and tries to indicate the universal implications of the analysis of Taiwanese identity construction and cultural policy. Firstly, through the analysis of the politics of culture in Taiwan, this research demonstrates how a stable and deeply rooted China-centric identity was overturned within only two years. Furthermore, it highlights the politics of culture by displaying how an authoritarian regime was challenged, and how cultural hegemony could be won in order to grasp political power. Secondly, the case study provides evidence manifesting the changing nature of contemporary cultural policy, and its hidden politics. Under the name of 'supporting the arts', the state uses cultural policy to maintain its cultural hegemony. Although Taiwan has carried out a process of democratisation since the 1980s, the state has not loosened its control on culture, but has rather changed its strategy of how to control. A new alliance between regulation and market forces has formed, and becomes the nexus of modem cultural policy.
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James, Fiona. "An exploration of grounded theory with reference to self and identity of part-time, mature learners in higher education." Thesis, University of Hull, 2013. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:7163.
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This study explores ‘Constructivist’ Grounded Theory, a methodology advanced by Charmaz (2006) to serve as a redevelopment of Glaser and Strauss’ original version. The study’s focus is a group of mature learners on a part-time Higher Education programme in relation to ‘self’ and ‘identity’. Data from thirteen in-depth interviews are analysed, enabling the construction of a data-driven ‘Grounded Theorisation’. Commensurate with the methodology, no extant theoretical framework is applied to this analysis. The findings from the ‘Grounded Theorisation’ were that while participants encounter varying tensions relating to the accomplishment of their own particular goals, a unifying principle is ‘operating within constraints’. Expressions of how they manage the difficulties presented in these constraining circumstances are interlaced with particular ‘selves’. On an individual level, participants confront the various pressures they experience with ‘selves’ that coincide with their coping strategies. A self that resists a sense of being ‘channelled’ by the demands of the course may take precedence. Other presentations of self include one resigned to taking a patient stance as an explorer in an undulating journey. A further analytic concept developed concerns ‘containing’. This may involve monitoring the impact of studying upon one’s life; alternatively, ‘containing’ may pertain to a personal resolve to block out external impediments and remain on track. When the literature was consulted, the Grounded Theorisation resonated with the extant concepts: ‘identity work’ and ‘framing’ of self. ‘Identity work’ entails thinking of self as resistant, submitting only reluctantly. Further, to be ‘bloody minded’ and resist, rather than circumvent obstacles, might represent a student’s sense-making and their efforts to maintain a feeling of integrity amidst turbulence. Finally, participants’ collective commitment to clearing hurdles is glimpsed via particular constructs and shared phrases: participants ‘frame’, or ‘make sense of’ themselves and their actions with respect to navigating obstacles presented by the course.
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Salim, Mahbob Bin. "Aspects of urban design with special reference to image and identity in built form: case study of Kuala Lumpur." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.361433.
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Kartomi, Margaret. "New Directions in the Discourse on Cultural and National Identity, with Special Reference to Europe and the European Union." Bärenreiter Verlag, 2012. https://slub.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A71772.
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White, Russell Christopher. "Constructions of identity and community in hip-hop nationalism with specific reference to Public Enemy and Wu-Tang Clan." Thesis, University of Winchester, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.274442.
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The re-emergence of Black Nationalist thought in black popular culture is most evident in the music of such rap groups as Public Enemy and Wu-Tang Clan. Together with groups such as Brand Nubian, and X-Clan, Public Enemy and Wu-Tang Clan have played a central role in introducing the tenets of Black Nationalism to what Michael Eric Dyson has termed 'the hip-hop generation'. Public Enemy and Wu-Tang Clan utilise highly selective 'sampling strategies' that draw upon a wide variety of Black Nationalist ideologies. This thesis aims to examine the impact of these groups' pluralistic 'sampling strategies' on various monolithic traditions of Black Nationalism and to consider the effect of these strategies on the formation of nationalist communities in hip-hop music and culture. Chapter One provides a methodological context for understanding rap within the context of African American cultural criticism. This chapter begins by providing an overview of the assimilationist and separatist responses to and perspectives on black marginality in the United States. Discussion then moves to an analysis of the founding principles of African American Studies, before finishing with an examination of the way in which Black American critics have interpreted rap. Chapter Two provides a comparison of the different ways in which the key notions of appropriation and authenticity as they pertain to black music and to hip-hop are addressed within African American and Black British cultural criticism. This chapter argues that the Black British approach, rooted as it is in `diaspora aesthetics' provides a more useful approach both for the globalisation of rap and the globalisation of blackness than the essentialism of African American critics. Chapter Three offers a comparative analysis of the respective linguistic and discursive strategies employed by hip-hop nationalists and their gangsta counterparts in their construction of community and identity. These hip-hop communities are highly selective in the language they use to describe themselves and others. The choices that these artists make, moreover, say a great deal about their specific takes on notions of identity. Chapters Four and Five provide detailed case studies of Public Enemy and Wu-Tang Clan's distinctive takes on Black Nationalism. These chapters contrast Public Enemy's 'sixties-inspired nationalism', which is steeped in well-established histories of black resistance, with the Wu- Tang's playful postmodern approach to Post-Nationalism expressed most obviously in their use of Hong Kong-made kung fu cinema of the late 1970s and early 1980s. Chapter Six provides a summary of the points outlined in previous chapters and considers the potential futures for Black Nationalism(s) in the wake of the destruction of the World Trade Center on September 11, 2001.
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Okombo, G. A. "Stereotypes, advertising and social identity : a theoretical study with reference to the university as a space of cultural negotiation." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/981.
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This study is an investigation into the stereotypes used in advertisements designed to appeal to university students’ sense of having a social identity, taking the situation at Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University (NMMU) as being representative of university campuses as, among other things, social and cultural space. The study assumes that a university is a site of cultural negotiation, and as such may be viewed as a place where identities are formed and readjusted to conform to stereotypes popularised by influential social models as portrayed in the media. Moreover, with the process of globalization, which distributes stereotypical images globally, one would assume that advertising at NMMU functions in a similar way to its mode of functioning in most parts of the world. Although such media (advertisements) exist in various forms, the scope of the research for this study was limited to print advertisements. Advertisements relevant to the concerns of this study are found everywhere at South African universities. Today, the latest trend for companies like Mr. Price, Standard Bank, Truworths, Red Bull, and Axe, among others, is to sponsor university events, that way creating the opportunity to advertise their products or services to students. Moreover, the notice boards of South African universities are filled with posters advertising new products in the market. In addition to all this, the general South African goods and services market is flooded with magazines that contain stereotype-promoting advertisements targeting students or, in general, young adults. For the purposes of this study, a ‘stereotype’ is understood as an iconic site of identification which functions as a generalized model for social behaviour. In this sense, a ‘stereotype’ may also be understood as a representation of an ‘ideal self’. The purpose of this study is threefold: firstly, to show how and why students may be vulnerable to the stereotypes identified in terms of Lacan’s theory of the ‘mirror stage’; secondly, to identify and categorize the various stereotypes used in advertising to appeal to the student’s sense of social identity, and thirdly, to show that advertisements can be misleading in so far as stereotyping ignores the specificity of every student’s personal social situation and creates false expectations on the part of the target students.
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Vargas, Marcelo. "The Aimara identity of Neopentecostals in urban La Paz, Bolivia : with specific reference to the Power of God Church." Thesis, Oxford Centre for Mission Studies, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.732970.
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Windsor, Lionel James. "Paul and the vocation of Israel : how Paul's Jewish identity informs his apostolic ministry : with special reference to Romans." Thesis, Durham University, 2012. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/3920/.
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This dissertation argues that Paul’s apostolic mission to the Gentiles was the definitive expression of his divine vocation as an Israelite, and thus of his Jewish identity. For many of Paul’s Jewish contemporaries, Israel’s divine vocation was to keep and to teach the precepts of the Law of Moses as an exemplary witness to God’s power and wisdom. For Paul, however, Jewish identity was expressed primarily by preaching the gospel of Christ, as the fulfilment of the Law of Moses, to the Gentiles. This is seen most clearly in Paul’s letter to the Romans. In chapter 1, we summarize our methodology: we are seeking to examine Paul’s Jewish identity by reading Paul’s letters (especially Romans), in light of other second-temple Jewish texts, using certain insights from social identity theory. We show that the concept of vocation is an important dimension of Jewish identity, especially in Paul’s letters. We also discuss some prior approaches to the question of Paul’s Jewishness, demonstrating both their value and also their limitations for our purposes. In chapter 2, we survey three key aspects of Paul’s explicit language of Jewish identity in his letters: Jewish distinctiveness, divine revelation and divine vocation. In chapter 3, we demonstrate that Paul deliberately frames his letter to the Romans (Rom 1:1–15, 15:14–33) by presenting his apostolic ministry as the fulfilment of positive scripturally-based eschatological expectations concerning Israel’s divine vocation with respect to the nations. We also compare Paul’s self-presentation in the outer frame of Romans with other first-century expressions of Jewish vocation. In chapter 4, we concentrate on Rom 2:17–29. Contrary to most interpretations which read this passage as a discussion about the nature of (Jewish or Christian) salvation, we argue that Paul deliberately sets this passage in the context of the mainstream Jewish synagogue, in order to contest the nature of Jewish vocation. In chapter 5, we examine Rom 9–11 from the perspective of Jewish vocation. We demonstrate that in Rom 9–11, Paul presents his own apostolic vocation, in various ways, as a contrast to, a fulfilment of, and a means of hope for Israel’s place and role in God’s worldwide purposes.
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Ntsonda, Manini Wilhelmina. "An analysis of selected poems from Sefalana sa menate by L.D. Raditladi with reference to Riffaterre's and Lotman's semiotics / Manini Wilhelmina Ntsonda." Thesis, North-West University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/2323.
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Gasparri, Luca. "Six Pieces on Linguistic Sameness." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0091.
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Le thème général de cette thèse est l’identité linguistique: la relation qui fait que différents éléments linguistiques comptent comme "un même élément" ou comme “identiques” même s'ils sont hétérogènes d'un point de vue interne ou présentent des propriétés de surface différentes. Je traite de six questions sur ce thème.Le chapitre 1 concerne les segments phonétiques. La phonétique traditionnelle modélise la parole continue comme une concaténation de segments discrets de durées temporelles non spécifiées. Cependant, au cours des dernières années, les idéalisations segmentales de la parole ont été remises en question par des approches éliminativistes à l’égard des segments phonétiques. Le chapitre tente de justifier la phonétique segmentale face aux arguments éliminativistes.Le chapitre 2 concerne les objets phonologiques. Les énoncés phonologiques quantifient sur les phonèmes, qui sont des entités controversées. Aucune ontologie standard n'accepte de les faire figurer parmi l’“ameublement du monde”. Par conséquent, se pose la question suivante: comment les énoncés de règles phonologiques parviennent-ils à recevoir les valeurs de vérité attendues ? Le chapitre propose d'aborder la question en appliquant le non-factualisme de Stephen Yablo aux objets phonologiques.Le chapitre 3 traite du problème type-token. Il existe plusieurs théories concurrentes de la relation spécifique désignée par le prédicat “est un token de”, tel qu’on l'emploie dans le domaine linguistique. La théorie dominante est que les tokens instancient les types, mais cette thèse fait face à plusieurs difficultés conceptuelles. S'appuyant sur des travaux antérieurs de Zoltan Szabó, le chapitre propose une nouvelle approche du problème type-token, basée sur l'idée que les sons et les inscriptions du langage représentent des formes phonologiques et orthographiques.Le chapitre 4 traite du comptage de mots. Selon certains, l'identité des mot-types dépend de leur similarité en matière d'attributs structurel-fonctionnels. Selon d'autres, l'identité des mot-types dépend de leur lignée historique-causale. Les deux cadres donnent lieu à des manière différentes de compter les mots. Lequel d'entre eux est métaphysiquement adéquat ? Le chapitre propose une théorie quiétiste du comptage de mots, en soutenant qu'il n'y a pas de réponse factuelle et non-théorique à la question de “combien de mot-types existent” dans un monde ou scénario linguistique.Le chapitre 5 porte sur un problème dans la théorie de l'anaphore. On pense habituellement que l'anaphore implique la coréférence. Ce principe général, cependant, semble être contredit par des phrases où un pronom non lié hors-citation dépend d'un antécédent dans une citation. Le chapitre soutient que les phrases présentant les caractéristiques décrites ci-dessus n'invalident pas le principe général, et articule une analyse des cas problématiques axée sur la notion de "saillance".Le chapitre 6 porte sur la coréférence de jure. La coréférence de jure est un type particulier de relation de coréférence qui a attiré beaucoup d'attention dans la littérature récente. Cependant, son autonomie par rapport à d'autres variétés de coréférence (notamment la coréférence accidentelle) et ses propriétés distinctives font l'objet de controverses. Le chapitre fournit une présentation systématique des motivations sous-jacentes à l'introduction de la notion de coréférence de jure et défend une approche conservatrice de sa relation avec la grammaire de la phrase: la distinction entre coréférence accidentelle et coréférence de jure est réelle mais invisible du point de vue de la structure linguistiqueThe overarching theme of this dissertation is linguistic sameness: the feature by which different bits of language are able to count “as a unit” or as “the same” even if they are internally heterogeneous or exhibit different surface properties. I pursue six issues within this theme.Chapter 1 is about phonetic segments. Mainstream phonetics models continuous speech as a concatenation of discrete, letter-sized segments of unspecified temporal duration. In recent years, however, segment-based idealizations of speech have been called into question by eliminativist approaches to phonetic segments. The chapter attempts to vindicate segmental phonetics in face of the eliminativist arguments.Chapter 2 is about phonological objects. Phonological statements quantify over phonemes, which are controversial particulars. No standard ontology accepts them as part of the furniture of the world. Hence, the question arises of how phonological statements manage to exhibit their perceived distribution of truth values. The chapter proposes to address the issue by applying Stephen Yablo’s non-factualism to phonological objects.Chapter 3 is about the type-token problem. There are competing accounts of what specific relation is designated by the predicate “is a token of” as applied to the linguistic domain. The mainstream view is that tokens instantiate types, but this thesis presents several conceptual difficulties. Building on previous work by Zoltan Szabó, the chapter proposes a novel approach to the type-token problem, one based on the notion that speech sounds and inscriptions represent phonological and orthographic forms.Chapter 4 is about word counting. According to some, word type identity is established by similarity in structural-functional attributes. According to others, word type identity is established by sameness of causal-historical lineage. The two frameworks yield competing word counting policies. Which of them is metaphysically adequate? The chapter articulates a quietist take on word counting, one arguing that there is no non-theoretical fact of the matter about “how many word types exist” in any given language-infused world or scenario.Chapter 5 is about a puzzle in the theory of anaphora. Anaphoric dependency is commonly thought to entail coreference. This mainstream principle, however, appears to be violated by sentences where an off-quote unbound pronoun depends on an antecedent within closed quotation marks. The chapter argues that sentences exhibiting the described pattern do not invalidate the mainstream principle, and articulates a salience-based analysis of the problematic cases.Chapter 6 is about de jure coreference. De jure coreference is a peculiar kind of coreference relation that has attracted much attention in recent research. However, its autonomy from other varieties of coreference (most notably, accidental coreference) and its signature properties are the subject of controversy. The chapter provides a systematic presentation of the motivations underlying the introduction of de jure coreference, and defends a conservative account of its relationship to sentence grammar: the de jure vs. accidental divide is real but invisible from the standpoint of linguistic structure
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Young, Joseph Jr. "Allegiance by Design: Visual Identities in Reference to Political Ideology and Brand Loyalty." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1626257876186202.
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Klerides, Loris Eleftherios. "The discursive (re)construction of national identity in Cyprus and England, with special reference to history textbooks : a comparative study." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2008. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10020578/.
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This thesis is an analysis of national identity construction in Cyprus and England in two historical times: the period following the Greek and Turkish military offensives in Cyprus (1974-93), and the period of the Conservative administration in Britain (1979-97). It examines identity formations in history textbooks across the two settings and addresses their relationship with intellectual and political constructs of identity. These periods were moments of a metamorphosis of identity in both settings. This identity reconstruction was firstly materialised in the signifying practices of politicians and intellectuals. As an effect of the emergence ofnew nationalist discourses in the political and intellectual fields was the production of new history textbooks, making it possible for the national image to be also reconstituted in and through them. New identities were articulated in the field of school history but their redefinition varied within and across the two settings. Variations within each setting were primarily determined by the particular features of the social domain in which the construction of identity took place. Across the settings, they were mainly shaped by different genres of school history writing. Despite their differences, the new identities across the two cultural settings and social fields shared certain similar motifs - fragmentation, hybridity and ambivalence. It is therefore suggested that the making of identity in history textbooks cannot be understood by focusing solely on textbooks. Knowledge of the specificities of the historical, the intellectual, the political and the educational layers of the context in which they are embedded as well as the complex linkages between identifications articulated in these layers, is required. Based on this finding, this thesis attempts to formulate a theoretical model that enhances the understanding ofhow national identity is produced, sustained, transformed and dismantled discursively in history textbooks.
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Davey, Gareth. "Identity and quality of life among Badagas in South India with reference to rural-to-urban migration and new media." Thesis, University of Kent, 2017. https://kar.kent.ac.uk/61850/.
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The thesis is about the experiences of Badagas living in contemporary India as they navigate a society in flux, the extent to which change permeates and influences understandings of self and life. Badagas, like others in India, have been experiencing profound changes as new ideas, products, and ways of living have become widespread. An increasing number of people are migrating to cities in search of education and employment, and technologies such as new media now influence communication and interaction. To understand these new circumstances, the primary concern of the thesis is an investigation of the identities and life quality of Badagas in South India with reference to rural-to-urban migration and new media, an important case study of the impact of India's social and economic transformation on its people, and a timely update of the antiquated picture of Badagas in the literature. At an empirical level, the thesis unpacks how Badagas understand themselves and their lives in today's India. However, it is also about changing the ways they have been understood and represented in the literature. At a theoretical level, therefore, the thesis deconstructs and redefines the meaning of 'Badaga' portrayed in the academic literature, and rebalances inequalities of representation. The thesis, then, is an empirical and theoretical investigation of the meaning of being Badaga, a critical appraisal of previous writings combined with empirical research to advance new ideas. To set the scene of the thesis, the first chapter introduces the Nilgiri and its peoples and their general depiction in the literature, and teases out some of the themes and styles which characterise writings. It also endeavours to identify what is already known about Badagas, and gaps in knowledge, to make a case for the empirical research in subsequent chapters. Chapter one highlights the numerous markers which have been used to differentiate Badagas based on the assumption in the literature that they are a distinct social group sharing a common history and culture. It also reveals the limitations of their portrayal based on the style and trends of social science in the first and latter halves of the twentieth century which reify a simple Badaga identity, an artefact which has since become a staple of the literature. Building on this introduction, chapter two reviews in further detail the diverse ways identity has been deployed in social science generally and the Nilgiri specifically, and the varied, loose, and contradictory ways the identities of Badagas have been documented. Similarly, chapter two also explores the varied meanings of quality of life and previous studies concerning Badagas. The chapter shows the majority of writings align with classical essentialist conceptualisations of fixity and rigidity, and 'the Badagas' as a category of difference has been framed in terms of homogeneity as a bounded group, isolation in a unique region, and speculations of identity change which mirror old-fashioned views of bounded undifferentiated cultures coming into contact, namely a minority group adopting the culture of the majority, as if change among Badagas is a product of the colonial experience. Similarly, regarding their quality of life, the majority of writings are concerned with imperial history and Western culture to speak for Badagas, which positions the changed way of life in the Nilgiri after the arrival of the British as important and superior to the past. Collectively, chapters one and two show previous representation of Badagas, although a rigorous and meticulous attempt at documenting their rich culture and history, is unsatisfactory in both theoretical and practical terms when it comes to understanding identity and life quality, a failure to offer terms with which to understand their complexity and diversity. The methodology of the monograph, outlined in chapter three, provides a contemporary social constructionist approach to iron out the epistemological problems discussed above. It begins with an overview of the multi-site approach of the research, designed to overcome the limitations of previous studies which regard Badagas and the Nilgiri as local and bounded in an isolated region, essentially the removal of geographical barriers to appreciate Badagas as dynamic and mobile and to capture new forms of identities in flux in multiple situations, namely rural-to-urban migration and new media, that transcend bounded spaces. The next section of the chapter introduces the thesis's theoretical orientation, symbolic interactionism, employed to examine the shared subjective experiences, meanings, and lived experiences of Badagas in contemporary India with emphasis on agency, social process, and subjective experience, a deliberate move away from previous macro-level deterministic and functionalist trends in the literature. The remaining sections of chapter three describe the operationalization of identity in the thesis, data collection from forum posts and face-to-face interviews, data analysis involving coding and thematic analysis, and ethical considerations. The thesis's methodology, then, is an interpretative group of complementary methods-multisite ethnography, symbolic interactionism, thematic analysis, and reflexivity-focused on analytically disclosing the subjective knowledge and meaning-making of Badagas, and thus providing greater flexibility in understanding their identities and quality of life. Grounded on this methodology, chapters four and five empirically investigate the identities and life quality of Badagas in two connected locations in a multi-site approach, the first online with Internet forum users, and the second in the real world with rural-to-urban migrants in Bangalore. Specifically, chapter four examines online portrayals and understandings of identity and life among Badagas in a virtual forum community, an online website with discussions in the form of posted messages, and the nature of the new type of community. It begins with a discussion of the paucity of media and visual studies of the Nilgiri and its peoples, the need for further research, and the role of media as a prime information source and facilitator of cultural change. Next is an analysis of the content of the virtual forum, a source of information about the goings-on of Badagas including their past and current circumstances which contain new material hitherto undocumented in the literature. As the first study of new media usage among Badagas, it shows they now have an online presence, a new type of Badaga social collective connected by online social interaction and notions of culture. Regarding identity, a strong sense of being Badaga was revealed in forum dialogues, as the study analysed how forum members articulated and expressed different understandings of their caste, reasserted perceptions of distinctiveness, and deployed identity strategically in activism when they constructed images of Badagas as victims of marginalization. While the findings seem to support, at least from the perspective of forum members, the reification of an overarching Badaga identity as something tangible, the forum discussions also revealed their abstractness and diversity, a heterogeneity of Badaga identities, particularly in lively debates and discussions in which images were contested, defended, and negotiated. Regarding quality of life, a negative depiction was a salient theme in forum discussions which centred on the demise and low profitability of agriculture, and there were also concerns about education and healthcare provision.
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El, Bouazzaoui Ahmed. "Systèmes de références, rapport à l’autre et construction de l’identité individuelle : le cas des enfants de 7-8 ans issus de l’immigration maghrébine accueillis en centre de loisirs." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOU20095.
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L’immigration ne cesse d’intéresser les chercheurs par la diversité des situations qu’elle recouvre et la multiplicité de réflexions qu’elle alimente. Elle est considérée de ce fait comme un champ d’investigation opportun pour explorer la problématique identitaire à travers différents aspects. Les enfants issus de l’immigration maghrébine constituent l’une des plus importantes communautés étrangères installées en France. De plus, nous ne pouvons pas concevoir la construction de l’identité individuelle de ces enfants sans étudier les spécificités des milieux sociaux à l’intérieur desquels ils sont amenés à se réaliser. Nous rappelons que notre thèse s’inscrit en psychologie du développement. Notre travail se veut une contribution au modèle théorique d’une socialisation plurielle, active et prospective qui s’appuie sur les travaux fondateurs de Malrieu en articulant les processus de la construction de la personne et les processus du changement social, de l’interstructuration du sujet et des institutions. Dans ce sens, nous avons analysé la confrontation des systèmes de références (représentations mutuelles et valeurs) de ces enfants ainsi que les animateurs socioculturels qui les accueillent dans le centre de loisirs. Nous avons choisi une démarche compréhensive et une méthode qualitative qui s’appuie sur une analyse thématique : des entretiens semi-directifs avec les enfants et les animateurs et des observations individuelles et collectives des enfants. Nous avons interviewé 15 animateurs répartis sur 3 centres de loisirs et interviewé et observé 15 enfants de ces mêmes centres.Nos résultats montrent que les enfants de 7-8 ans issus de l’immigration maghrébine ont une représentation positive des valeurs de l’animateur et de l’institution. Ils s’approprient généralement les valeurs universelles véhiculées dans le centre (le respect, l’écoute, le partage) qui recoupent des valeurs transmises par leurs familles. Cependant cela n’exclut pas certaines sensibilités au cadre institutionnel, jugé plus ferme que le cadre familial par les enfants. Ces représentations des valeurs de l’autre et de l’institution influencent la construction de l’identité individuelle de ces enfants. En définitive, nous avons pu montrer un processus de métissage des modèles proposés aux enfants, conduisant ainsi à des images de soi nouvelles intégrant celles attendues ou proposées par les modèles des milieux en interaction et d’autres testées, expérimentées, inventées et co-construites à l’intérieur de nouveaux modes de penser et d’agir (celles liées aux interactions avec les pairs par exemple)Immigration continue to be of interest to researchers in the variety of the situations which recovers and the multiplicity of the reflections which it feeds It is thus regarded as a field of investigation appropriate to explore the issue of identity through various aspects. Children of North African immigration are one of the largest foreign communities in France. Moreover, we can not conceive of a construction of an individual identity of these children without considering the specificities of the social environments within which they are required to fulfill themselves. We remind that our thesis joins in psychology of the development. Our work is a contribution to the theoretical model of a plural socialisation based on the seminal work of Malrieu, articulating the process of building the individual and the process of social change, the mutual structuring of the subject and institutions.Hence, we analysed the reference systems of these children and their relationship with their sociocultural host in the leisure centre. We chose a qualitative method that focuses on a thematic analysis: semi-structured interviews with children and the facilitators, and individual and collective observations of the children. We interviewed 15 leaders from 3 leisure centres and interviewed and observed (individually and collectively) 15 children from these same centres.Our results show that children of 7-8 year olds from North African immigration have a positive representation of the values of the facilitator and the institution. They usually appropriated the universal values promoted in the centre (respect, listening, sharing ...) that intersect with the values passed on by their families. However, this does not exclude certain sensitivities towards the institutional framework, firmer than that of the children’s family, considered more flexible by children themselves. This representation of other's values and the institution affects the children's individual identity construction. After all we were able to show a process of interbreeding of the models proposed to the children so leading to new images of one integrating those waited or proposed by models of backgrounds in interactions and others tested, experimented, invented and co-built inside new modes to think and to act (those involved to the interactions with the peers for example)
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Chan, Kai-yan. "A critique of Kripke's theories of proper names and names of natural kinds : an application of the later Wittgenstein's methodology /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19019385.
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Rashed, Ebrahim. "The impacts of Western modernity upon identity in an Islamic society : a case study of the United Arab Emirates, with special reference to the impact of media & technology upon identity." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.430357.
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The aim of this thesis is to examme different hypotheses about a crisis of identity in an Islamic society, especially examining the impact of Western modernity from different perspectives - social, personal, national, cultural, political and economic. To achieve this aim the researcher has depended on Weberian conceptions and categorisations about what constitutes modernity, and his opinions about Islamic society developing such a process, especially the shortcomings of such a society in developing the prerequisite conditions for the modernisation that has happened in Europe. Furthermore, other theories about the crisis of identity in Islamic society have been used, such as Al Ahsan's theory in distinguishing the Islamic Ummah from the Western concept of nation, and the historic perspective of the crisis in the Arab societies enunciated by Ghalioun. This work also seeks to test assumptions about the impact of technology and the media, especially since these are Western derived, upon the Arab and Islamic identities. In order to examine such hypotheses the researcher has sought to use a variety of methods, such as studying the UAE society as a case study, complemented with in-depth interviews, and observation, using other quantitative methods such as questionnaires and content analysis to consolidate the qualitative methods. The researcher's objectives are to ascertain whether the opmIOns of intellectuals and personalities within the elite of UAE society reflect the opinions or points of view of the common man with regard to the above hypotheses. Secondly, as observations are capable of being accused of being somewhat subjective, other opinions from a broader base are needed to strengthen the reliability and validity of the results collected before. Thirdly, by assessing and counting the Western material of a Western origin within the content of three Arab newspapers in the UAE I sought to gauge the influence of the Western media on the Arab media and, by extension, of Western culture on the Arab and local readers' perceptions of the world - as shaped by the print media in the UAE.
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Hitching, Roger Dennis. "The church and deaf people : a study of identity, communication and relationships with special reference to the ecclesiology of Juergen Moltmann." Thesis, Brunel University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.393594.
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Scopelitis, Evangelos-Maximos A. "Identity, foreign policy and European integration : a contribution to the study of international relations, with special reference to the case of Greece." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.288954.
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Chaundy, Janet A. "Place identity and the sea : a visual investigation into sea space and the land/sea interface with special reference to Cowes Week." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.323969.
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De, Boer Kyle Dylan. "Queer transgressions : the choreographing of a male homosexual presence with reference to selected choreographers." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1009442.
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Queer Transgressions: The choreographing of a male homosexual presence with reference to selected choreographers explores queer identity and in particular representations of a male homosexual presence in dance. Within the methodological framework of dance studies and queer theory I explore the ―self fashioning‖ of my male homosexual presence in dance. This is achieved by critically deconstructing my choreographic process when making choreography. Therefore this thesis is informed by both academic research and my self-reflexive experience of choreography and dance performance. The deconstruction of my autobiography and choreographic process is discussed with reference to both international and South African queer choreographers. This means that by accounting for my own experiences and approaches toward representing a male homosexual presence in dance, I explore the history and engagements of other queer choreographers also creating such representations. I therefore examine the works of selected choreographers and chart the development of the representation of a male homosexual presence in dance. By exploring the choreographic process of other queer choreographers I identify choreographic tactics that queer choreographers are using when making work. From this point of departure I shift the focus away from international queer choreographers and provide insight into the choreographic processes of South African queer choreographers. By accounting for the works and choreographic processes of South African choreographers, I provide a context in which my choreographic explorations on the subject matter can take place. This choreographic exploration manifests itself through a self-reflexive/autobiographic account on the research and practice of my choreographic process. During my choreographic exploration I set the challenge to both engage with and explore further, established ―queering tactics. This is done with the intention to reveal and create representations of a male homosexual presence in dance.
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Morelli, Angela R. "Representation of gender and sexuality in Roman art, with particular reference to that of Roman Britain." Thesis, University of South Wales, 2005. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/representation-of-gender-and-sexuality-in-roman-art-with-particular-reference-to-that-of-roman-britain(fb4e7985-7ef0-4c8c-b8ce-5da20d010d2c).html.
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The subject matter for this research is the representation of femininities and masculinities in Roman art with particular reference to that of Roman Britain. The study focuses on the visual presentation of gender for specific deities, personifications and figural images in funerary art; this includes concepts of sexuality that in some cases become entwined with the study of gender. I have endeavoured to demonstrate how socially constructed values add to the understandings of gender and Roman art. The first chapter concentrates on Roman concepts relating to masculinities and femininities, detailing how these are portrayed in visual culture. This entails the identification of gender markers in various forms including clothing (for example the toga and stola), jewellery (such as the bulla) and distinct objects (for instance, military paraphernalia, weaving combs and spinning equipment). Following this broad introduction to gender in Roman art, the study then centres on specific deities, commencing with Venus and Mars, then Diana and Apollo, and Minerva and Hercules - each one has a particular gender ascription. I examine these in terms of visual representation and how their specific femininities and masculinities were presented. Personifications and figural funerary art, respectively, are the following and final chapters of the research. The former deals with the use of personifications in Roman art and the latter with patronage and presentation of figural tombstones and inscriptions. Both chapters observe these issues with preference towards the demonstration of gender allocation and any undertones implicated.