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1
Chiconela, Domingos Rubão. "Geochemical exploration in tropical terrains with special reference to base metals." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005565.
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In tropical areas, the high rainfall induces severe-and pervasive weathering, producing a thick soil cover. The lithologies underneath may b~ recognised using geochemical mapping, which is based on certain elements that have the ability to differentiate between various lithologic units. Elements that are independent of the weathering process are normally selected for this purpose. The chemistry of mobility of base metals is an important factor to take into account when evaluating the mobility and distribution of these elements in a soil profile. Factors such as pH, Eh, organic material, clay minerals, Fe and Mn oxides are normally key aspects to be considered. When iron-rich rocks undergo deep weathering, lateritic profiles are developed. These are widespread in a belt bordering the equatorial zone, including the Brazilian shield, West and East Africa, parts of India and Northern Australia. In these profiles, the high rainfall promotes intense leaching of the different horizons. Where the pre-existing profiles are mostly preserved, the base metals are distributed throughout the profile: in the upper ferruginous horizon, goethite and hematite can adsorb large amounts of Mo, resulting in large dispersion halo. Other base metals such as Cu and Zn are less resistant in these freely-drained profiles and, therefore, they may be partly leached from the profile. In the lower horizons, Cu, ,zn, Ni and Co are retained, hosted in kaolinite and smectite, and thus, a high geochemical contrast will be identified in this horizon at the expense of a decline in the size of the dispersion haloes. The pre-existing profiles can be truncated, with a thin stone line developing at the contact between the lateritic profile and the recent soil. The conditions in these environments favour the retention of most of the pathfinder and target elements in all soil horizons, with the B horizon showing the highest contrast. If the primary rock is rich in AI, a bauxitic profile will be developed. The world distribution of bauxites closely resembles that of laterites. The behaviour of Co and Ni is very similar to that of iron during the bauxitization. Furthermore, the factors that induce residual enrichment of Al with removal of Fe in the soil profile will cause significant depletion of Co and Ni in these profiles. These metals are then concentrated at the base of the profile because of precipitation from downward percolating solutions. Many karst bauxite deposits in Southern Europe are enriched with Ni and Co in the basal horizon. Such horizon is mined as nickel ore in the bauxites of the Lokris region in Greece. Copper and molybdenum are strongly enriched.in bauxitic profiles. Concentration ratios are 8 and 3.2 for Cu and Mo respectively. Molybdenum is closely related to goethite and hematite, and therefore, the high concentration of Mo in a bauxitic profile will be consistent with the horizon where iron is concentrated. Copper concentrates at the base of the iron rich-horizon but also appears enriched in the saprolite together with Co. When sulphide bodies occur, in this environment, deep and penetrative weathering has resulted in considerable near-surface mobilization of iron and silica. The supergene alteration commonly obscures the identity of the primary sulphides at the surface. In this case, geochemical assessment of the resulting gossan has proved to be crucial in mineral exploration. A search in the secondary mineral assemblage, volatile and precious metals may lead to the information on the composition of the primary sulphide assemblage. The conclusion that will be reached is that if the geochemical properties (mobility, affinities with Fe or Mn oxides and/or clay minerals) of each of the base metals are understood, an appropriate sampling (optimum size-depth combination) will then be done. In such cases, a subdued, weak, but significant, geochemical response will be identified in the surface horizon.
2
Yitayew, Muluneh. "Reference Evapotranspiration Estimates for Arizona." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/602135.
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Yongo, Habakkuk Terna Agabi. "The management of agricultural research with specific reference to Nigeria." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.333905.
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4
Bisengo, Kumbu. "Energy in Central Africa : with special reference to Zaire." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/17226.
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Includes bibliographical references.<br>In this thesis, the energy sector of the Central Africa region is investigated with a special attention to Zaire. The region's political trends, economic performance, demographic and social patterns as well as their implications in the development of the energy sector are presented. For each country of the region the resource potential and the ability to produce, distribute and use these energy resources, are analyzed. The potential for the development of energy resources of the region is examined and its future energy demand forecast. The scope for energy interchange inside and outside the region is analyzed and regional integration in the energy sector discussed. The findings of this thesis are: * there is an abundance of energy resources though not evenly distributed throughout the region, * there is a heavy reliance on woodfuel, and * there are many problems constraining the development of the energy sector. The principal issues facing the energy sector are: *the shortage of woodfuel due to the non-sustainability of supply, *the low reliability of power supply and the existence of surplus capacity in some countries, *the high supply cost of petroleum products, *the limited size of the local commercial fuel market and the lack of finance to develop domestic energy resources, *the low level of management and financial autonomy for energy utilities, *the lack of energy trade because of political instability, and institutional shortcomings. Forecasts of future energy consumption in the region indicate that woodfuel will continue to be the dominant energy form, followed by oil and electricity, and that electricity will play an increasing role. Recommendations for the woodfuel subsector relates to improving the production and utilization efficiency - valid also for the other energy carriers, increasing the supply through reforestation programmes and accelerating electrification. Other recommendations to improve the development of the energy sector include: * recovering energy supply cost through adequate pricing and improved collection practices, * reducing government interference and introducing private participation in the energy sector with the subsequent benefit of the transfer of new technology and managerial competence, and * strengthening energy institutions to enable them to improve planning, implementations, operations, and ensure the integration of traditional and commercial energy structures . The possibilities of energy interchange are large for oil and electricity, and energy trade could improve energy utilization, lower supply costs, etc. Under prevailing socio-economic conditions, regional integration is thought to be the only realistic strategy leading to the economic exploitation of energy resources and the adequate supply of energy to support industrial development of the region and to meet the social needs of its people. In this connection, major efforts should be directed towards the establishment of appropriate regional energy institutions, but political stability is a prerequisite to any effective energy integration.
5
Miettunen, J. (Jouko). "Statistical methods in psychiatric research, with special reference on factor analysis." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2004. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514273672.
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Abstract This interdisciplinary study describes in the first part the frequency with which various statistical research designs and methods are reported in psychiatric journals, and investigates how the use of these methods affect the visibility of the article in the form of received citations. In the second part focus is specifically on factor analysis, and the study presents two applications of this method. Original research articles (N = 448) from four general psychiatric journals in 1996 were reviewed. The journals were the American Journal of Psychiatry, the Archives of General Psychiatry, the British Journal of Psychiatry and the Nordic Journal of Psychiatry. There were differences in the utilisation of statistical procedures among the journals. The use of statistical methods was not strongly associated with the further utilisation of an article. However, extended description of statistical procedures had a positive effect on the received citations. Factor analysis is a statistical method based on correlations of the variables, which is often used when validity and structure of psychiatric instruments are studied. Exploratory factor analysis is designed to explore underlying latent factors, and in confirmatory factor analysis the aim is to verify the factor structure based on earlier findings in other data sets. Using data from the 31-year follow-up of the Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort Study this study aimed to demonstrate the validity and factor structure of scales measuring temperament (Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire, TPQ, and Temperament and Character Inventory, TCI) and alexithymia (20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale, TAS-20). The results of exploratory factor analysis indicated good performance of the TCI and TPQ, though the results suggested that some developmental work is still needed. Of the two scales, the TCI worked psychometrically better than the TPQ. A confirmatory factor analysis showed that the three-factor model of TAS-20 was in agreement with the Finnish version of the scale. To conclude, future authors of psychiatric journals might apply these results in designing their research to present intelligible and compact analysis combined with a high quality presentation technique. Results of the factor analyses showed that the TPQ, TCI and TAS-20 can be used also in their Finnish versions<br>Tiivistelmä Tämä poikkitieteellinen tutkimus kuvaa erilaisten tilastotieteellisten menetelmien yleisyyttä ja merkitystä psykiatriassa. Tutkimuksen ensimmäisessä osassa tutkitaan erilaisten tilastomenetelmien ja tutkimusasetelmien osuutta psykiatrisissa artikkeleissa ja lisäksi käytettyjen menetelmien vaikutusta artikkelien saamien viittausten lukumäärään. Tutkimuksen toisessa osassa keskitytään faktorianalyysiin ja esitetään kaksi siihen liittyvää sovellusta. Aineiston muodostavat alkuperäistuloksia esittelevät artikkelit (N = 448) neljästä eri psykiatrian tieteellisestä yleislehdestä vuodelta 1996. Kyseiset lehdet ovat American Journal of Psychiatry, Archives of General Psychiatry, British Journal of Psychiatry ja Nordic Journal of Psychiatry. Lehdet erosivat toisistaan tilastotieteellisten menetelmien käytössä ja tulosten esittämisessä. Tilastotieteellisten menetelmien käytöllä ei ollut suurta vaikutusta artikkelien saamien viittausten lukumäärään, mutta laajalla menetelmien kuvauksella oli positiivinen vaikutus viittausten lukumäärään. Faktorianalyysi on tilastotieteellinen tutkimusmenetelmä, jota käytetään tutkittaessa millaisista osatekijöistä erilaiset monimutkaiset ilmiöt koostuvat. Erityisesti tutkittaessa psykiatristen mittareiden validiteettia ja rakennetta faktorianalyysi on osoittautunut hyödylliseksi. Eksploratiivisessa faktorianalyysissa tarkoituksena on etsiä taustalla olevia piileviä muuttujia ja konfirmatorisessa faktorianalyysissa tarkoitus on vahvistaa aiemmissa tutkimuksissa todettu mittarin faktorirakenne. Tässä tutkimuksessa hyödynnetään aineistoa Pohjois-Suomen vuoden 1966 syntymäkohortin 31 vuoden seurannasta. Aineiston avulla tutkitaan temperamenttia (Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire, TPQ, ja Temperament and Character Inventory, TCI) ja aleksitymiaa (20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale, TAS-20) tutkivien mittareiden suomenkielisten käännöksien validiteettia ja faktorirakennetta. Eksploratiivisen faktorianalyysin tulokset kertoivat, että TPQ ja TCI toimivat hyvin myös suomenkielellä. Kuitenkin mittareissa on vielä kehittämisen varaa. TCI:n psykometriset ominaisuudet olivat paremmat kuin TPQ:n. Aleksitymiamittarin TAS-20 konfirmatorinen faktorianalyysi osoitti että aiemmin julkaistu kolmen faktorin malli toimi hyvin myös suomalaisella versiolla. Psykiatristen artikkelien kirjoittajat voivat hyödyntää tämän tutkimuksen tuloksia suunnitellessaan psykiatrista tutkimusta suuntaan, jossa selkeä ja tiivis tulosten analysointitapa ja korkealaatuinen tulosten esitystapa korostuu. Faktorianalyysi soveltuu hyvin mittarin validiteetin tutkimiseen. Tutkimus osoitti TPQ-, TCI- ja TAS-20-mittareiden suomenkielisten versioiden validiteetin
6
Shachaf, Pnina, and Sarah Horowitz. "Are virtual reference services color blind?" Elsevier, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/106524.
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This study reports an experiment that examines whether librarians provide equitable virtual reference services to diverse user groups. The relative absence of social cues in the virtual environment may mean greater equality of services though at the same time greater inequalities may arise as librarians can become less self-aware online. Findings indicate that the quality of service librarians provide to African Americans and Arabs is lower than the quality of service they provide to Caucasian, Hispanic, Asian, and Jewish students. This study adds to the knowledge of subjective bias in the virtual environment by specifying those that are discriminated against online, identifying the kinds of discriminatory actions of virtual reference librarians, and identifying the type of queries that more frequently result in unbiased service.
7
Bond, P. M. "Diversity in Plasmodium falciparum with particular reference to the infected erythrocyte." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.234840.
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Zhou, Sijia. "Research on entrapment in China--with reference to the experience in Canada." Thesis, McGill University, 2014. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=121597.
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Entrapment, as a behavior of abusing of the power by the police, should be prohibited by the law. However, in China, entrapment is read as legal and appropriate detective measure and the police or agent use it universally while recent legal regulation has begun to restrict its application. There are three reasons which contribute to its existence: firstly, insufficient understanding of the relationship between the human nature and entrapment; secondly, lacking the awareness of protecting the human rights and lastly overemphasizing on national accusatorial function. In terms of legal system, there is defectiveness in it. Specifically speaking, the defectiveness includes the law acquiesces in using entrapment by the police or agent; there is no regulations about whether the Judge could exclude the evidence that obtained because of entrapment and other procedural remedies for the accused are incomplete and ineffective. By comparing with the Canadian theory and legal system, the Chinese legal system in regulating entrapment might be improved to an extent.<br>La provocation policière, un abus du pouvoir de la police devrait être interdit par la loi. Cependant, estimée légale et comme une mesure détective approprié, cette pratique est universellement procédée par la police et son agent en Chine. Toutefois, la régulation légale est récemment venue restreindre de plus en plus son application dans la société. Trois raisons contribuent à son existence : une compréhension insuffisante du rapport entre la nature humaine et la provocation policière ; un manquement de conscience pour la protection des droits de l'homme ; et une importance exagérée accordée à la fonction accusatoire nationale. Par rapport au système juridique, il y en a des défectuosités qui, précisément, incluent l'acquiescement tacite de la loi sur la provocation par la police ou l'agent, l'absence des règlements en vertu desquels le juge pourrait exclure la preuve provenant de la provocation policière et, l'imperfection et l'inefficacité des autres remèdes procéduraux pour l'accusé. En comparaison avec la théorie et le système juridique du Canada, le système juridique chinois portant sur la provocation policière pourrait être amélioré dans une certaine mesure.
9
Watson, Sally. "Spatial variation in agricultural research, with particular reference to spaced plant experiments." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.282342.
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Ling, Zhang, Cong Wang, and Austin McCarthy. "Knowing our users and responding to their needs-The impact of research on services in two university libraries." School of Communication & Information, Nanyang Technological University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/106105.
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In an earlier paper the authors discussed reference services in two university libraries and suggested changes to the services based on a user survey. They also quoted research into staff and student use of information resources. Although libraries have no difficulty in compiling quantitative data, the use of such qualitative research to delve beyond the statistics, in order to better understand user needs, perceptions and behaviours, is a recent development at Harbin Engineering University Library, China. However, at the Library of the University of Northumbria in England there is a long history of using research to evaluate services. This paper gives a very brief introduction to the value of qualitative re-search in evaluating services and providing a sound basis for management decisions about staffing and service delivery. Some of the methods used at the two universities are outlined. Finally, two case studies of research projects, one from each university, will be described and the extent to which they have resulted in changes to policies or practices will be examined.
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Iivonen, Mirja, and Diane H. Sonnenwald. "From Translation to Navigation of Different Discourses: A Model of Search Term Selection during the Pre-Online Stage of the Search Process." John Wiley and Sons, Inc, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/106512.
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We propose a model of search term selection process based on our empirical study of professional searchers during the pre-online stage of the search process. The model characterizes the selection of search terms as the navigation of different discourses. Discourse refers to the way of talking and thinking about a certain topic; there often exists multiple, diverse discourses on the same topic. When selecting search terms, searchers appear to navigate a variety of discourses, i.e., they view the topic of a client's search request from the perspective of multiple discourse communities, and evaluate and synthesize differences and similarities among those discourses when selecting search terms. Six discourses emerged as sources of search terms in our study. These discourses are controlled vocabularies, documents and domains, the practice of indexing, clients' search requests, databases and the searchers' own search experience. Data further suggest that searchers navigate these discourses dynamically and have preferences for certain discourses. Conceptualizing the selection of search terms as a meeting place of different discourses provides new insights into the complex nature of the search term selection process. It emphasizes the multiplicity and complexity of the sources of search terms, the dynamic nature of the search term selection process, and the complex analysis and synthesis of differences and similarities among sources of search terms. It suggests that searchers may need to understand fundamental aspects of multiple discourses in order to select search terms.
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Stringer, M. D. "An anthropological study of liturgy in performance with reference to four christian congregations in Manchester." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.384035.
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Talwalkar, Akshat, University of Western Sydney, of Science Technology and Environment College, and of Science Food and Horticulture School. "Studies on the oxygen toxicity of probiotic bacteria with reference to Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium spp." THESIS_CSTE_SFH_Talwalkar_A.xml, 2003. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/629.
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Oxygen toxicity is considered significant in the poor survival of probiotic bacteria such as Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium spp. in yoghurts. This study investigated methods to protect these bacteria from oxygen exposure. To confirm the accuracy of the reported survival estimates of L. acidophilus or Bifidobacterium spp. in yoghurts, the reliability of several enumeration media was evaluated with different commercial yoghurts. None of the media however, was found reliable thereby casting doubts on the reported cell numbers of probiotic bacteria in yoghurts. After much research,it was found that although oxygen can be detrimental to L. acidophilus and Bifidobacterium spp.in culture broths, it may not be significant for their poor survival in yoghurts. Nevertheless, techniques such as oxidative stress stress adaption, alternative packaging materials and microencapsulation as investigated in this study, can serve as general protective techniques to help yoghurt manufacturers in maintaining the recommended numbers of probiotic bacteria in their products. This would eventually assist in the efficient delivery of probiotic health benefits to yoghurt consumers.<br>Doctor of Philosphy (PhD)
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Vähänikkilä, H. (Hannu). "Statistical methods in dental research, with special reference to time-to-event methods." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2015. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526207933.
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Abstract Statistical methods are an essential part of the published dental research. It is important to evaluate the use of these methods to improve the quality of dental research. In the first part, the aim of this interdisciplinary study is to investigate the development of the use of statistical methods in dental journals, quality of statistical reporting and reporting of statistical techniques and results in dental research papers, with special reference to time-to-event methods. In the second part, the focus is specifically on time-to-event methods, and the aim is to demonstrate the strength of time-to-event methods in collecting detailed data about the development of oral health. The first part of this study is based on an evaluation of dental articles from five dental journals. The second part of the study is based on empirical data from 28 municipal health centres in order to study variations in the survival of tooth health. There were different profiles in the statistical content among the journals. The quality of statistical reporting was quite low in the journals. The use of time-to-event methods has increased from 1996 to 2007 in the evaluated dental journals. However, the benefits of these methods have not been fully adopted in dental research. The current study added new information regarding the status of statistical methods in dental research. Our study also showed that complex time-to-event analysis methods can be utilized even with detailed information on each tooth in large groups of study subjects. Authors of dental articles might apply the results of this study to improve the study protocol/planning as well as the statistical section of their research article<br>Tiivistelmä Tilastolliset tutkimusmenetelmät ovat olennainen osa hammaslääketieteellistä tutkimusta. Menetelmien käyttöä on tärkeä tutkia, jotta hammaslääketieteen tutkimuksen laatua voitaisiin parantaa. Tämän poikkitieteellisen tutkimuksen ensimmäisessä osassa tavoite on tutkia erilaisten tilastomenetelmien ja tutkimusasetelmien käyttöä, raportoinnin laatua ja tapahtumaan kuluvan ajan analysointimenetelmien käyttöä hammaslääketieteellisissä artikkeleissa. Toisessa osassa osoitetaan analysointimenetelmien vahvuus isojen tutkimusjoukkojen analysoinnissa. Ensimmäisen osan tutkimusaineiston muodostavat viiden hammaslääketieteellisen aikakauslehden artikkelit. Toisen osan tutkimusaineiston muodostivat 28 terveyskeskuksessa eri puolella Suomea hammashoitoa saaneet potilaat. Lehdet erosivat toisistaan tilastomenetelmien käytön ja tulosten esittämisen osalta. Tilastollisen raportoinnin laatu oli lehdissä puutteellinen. Tapahtumaan kuluvan ajan analysointimenetelmien käyttö on lisääntynyt vuosien 1996–2007 aikana. Tapahtumaan kuluvan ajan analysointimenetelmät mittaavat seuranta-ajan tietystä aloituspisteestä määriteltyyn päätepisteeseen. Tämän väitöksen tutkimukset osoittivat, että tapahtumaan kuluvan ajan analysointimenetelmät sopivat hyvin isojen tutkimusjoukkojen analysointiin. Menetelmien hyötyä ei ole kuitenkaan vielä saatu täysin esille hammaslääketieteellisissä julkaisuissa. Tämä tutkimus antoi uutta tietoa tilastollisten tutkimusmenetelmien käytöstä hammaslääketieteellisessä tutkimuksessa. Artikkelien kirjoittajat voivat hyödyntää tämän tutkimuksen tuloksia suunnitellessaan hammaslääketieteellistä tutkimusta
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Gous, Johannes Hendrik. "Towards a reference architecture for integrated knowledge networks." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/95799.
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Thesis (PhD) -- Stellenbosch University, 2014.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis has as its focus the engineering of integrated knowledge networks (IKNs) through the use of a
reference architecture. The purpose of the study is to gain a deeper understanding of the constructional
principles underlying this class of collaborative networks. Although IKNs and enterprise engineering are both
seen as promising approaches to the challenges of the Information Age, significant challenges still exist in the
engineering of IKNs.
Our globalised and commercialised society may currently be characterised by both extreme complexity and
extreme rates of change. Enterprise engineering is seen as a promising approach to equip enterprises with the
characteristics that are desirable in the modern economy, including flexibility and agility. Enterprise architecture
contributes to this endeavour by providing a high-level design of the enterprise that allows for integrated
engineering of the enterprise.
From a commercial point of view, it has been widely recognised that the ability to innovate and generate new
knowledge through the development of new products, services and processes is a key factor in the survival of
enterprises. The latest trends in innovation management, however, show that the innovation process is no longer
one that is executed inside a single enterprise, giving rise to the development of inter-organisational innovation
networks. Furthermore, the importance of knowledge as a dynamic enabler of this networked innovation
approach is highlighted. This has lead to the emergence of IKNs in which knowledge is created and shared
between network stakeholders in order to foster sustainable innovation.
The increasing rate of change means that enterprises, including IKNs, have progressively less time to react to
market changes and opportunities. The emphasis is therefore on the potential of the EE and EA disciplines as
tools to adapt to the dynamic landscape of the Information Age. At present, the ability to apply comprehensive
enterprise engineering to IKNs is hampered by the lack of resources that describes sound constructional
principles for these networks. The focus of this study is therefore on the application of the enterprise engineering
discipline to IKNs through the development of a reference architecture.
The reference architecture for IKNs is developed through design science research within a pragmatic and
qualitative research strategy. The research problem is first identified and motivated. Various solution objectives are
subsequently defined. This is followed by the design and development of the reference architecture through four
iterative design cycles. A qualitative systematic review is conducted and serves as the foundation for the
development of various reference models. The reference architecture for IKNs is demonstrated and evaluated
through a series of illustrative scenarios, after which the utility, novelty and design rigour of the artefact is
communicated. It was found that the reference architecture provides constructional principles in the engineering of IKNs, thus
enabling the design, operation and research of this class of collaborative networks. The study therefore takes a
first step toward extending the concept of EE to IKNs, and collaborative networks in general. This enables the
greater adaptability of these networks to the dynamic environment of the Information Age.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis ondersoek die ontwikkeling van geïntegreerde kennisnetwerke (GK’s) aan die hand van ‘n
verwysingsargitektuur. Die doel van die studie is om ’n beter begrip van die onderliggende ontwerpbeginsels van
hierdie klas kollaborasie netwerke te kry. Alhoewel beide GK’s en ondernemingsingenieurswese beskou word as
belowende benaderings tot die uitdagings van die Inligtingsera, bestaan beduidende uitdagings steeds in die
ontwikkeling van GK’s.
Ons geglobaliseerde, gekommersialiseerde samelewing word tans gekenmerk deur beide buitengewone
kompleksiteit en buitengewone tempo-verandering. Ondernemingsingenieurswese word beskou as ’n belowende
benadering om ondernemings toe te rus met die eienskappe wat in aanvraag is in die moderne ekonomie,
insluitend aanpasbaarheid en vlugheid. Ondernemingsargitektuur dra by tot hierdie poging deur ’n hoëvlak
ontwerp van die onderneming te voorsien wat geïntegreerde ontwikkeling van die onderneming toelaat.
Vanuit ’n kommersiële oogpunt word dit ruim aanvaar dat die vermoë om te innoveer en nuwe kennis te ontwikkel
deur die ontwikkeling van nuwe produkte, dienste en prosesse ’n kernfaktor in die oorlewing van ondernemings
is. Die jongste benadering in innovasiebestuur toon aan dat die innovasieproses nie meer slegs in een
onderneming uitgevoer word nie. Dit lei dan tot interorganisasie-innovasienetwerke. Die belangrikheid van kennis
as ’n dinamiese instaatsteller van hierdie netwerk-innovasiebenadering word verder beklemtoon. Dit het gelei tot
die ontstaan van GK’s waarin kennis tot stand gebring en gedeel word tussen netwerk belanghebbendes om
sodoende volhoubare innovasie te bevorder.
Die toenemende tempo in verandering beteken dat ondernemings, insluitende GK’s, toenemend minder tyd het
om op markveranderings en -geleenthede te reageer. Die klem val daarom op die ondernemingsingenieursweseen
ondernemingsargitektuur-dissiplines as hulpmiddels om by die dinamiese landskap van die Inligtingsera aan
te pas. Tans word die vermoë om omvattende ondernemingsingenieurswese in GK’s te beoefen, gekniehalter
deur die tekort aan hulpbronne wat grondige konstruksie-beginsels vir hierdie netwerke beskryf. Die fokus van
hierdie studie is daarom die toepassing van die ondernemingsingenieurswese-dissipline op GK’s deur die
ontwikkeling van ’n verwysingsargitektuur.
Die verwysingsargitektuur vir GK’s word ontwikkel deur ontwerpwetenskapnavorsing binne ’n pragmatiese en
kwalitatiewe navorsingstrategie. Die navorsingsprobleem word eers geïdentifiseer en gemotiveer. Verskeie
oplossingsdoelwitte word vervolgens bepaal. Hierna geskied die ontwerp en ontwikkeling van die
verwysingsargitektuur deur middel van die vier herhalende ontwerpsiklusse. Die verwysingsargitektuur vir GK’s
word gedemonstreer en geëvalueer deur ’n reeks beeldende scenario’s, waarna die bruikbaarheid, nuutheid en
ontwerpstrengheid van die artefak gekommunikeer word. Dit is bevind dat die verwysingsargitektuur konstruksiebeginsels in die ontwikkeling van GK’s voorsien en
sodoende die ontwerp, werk en navorsing in hierdie klas kollaborasie netwerke moontlik maak. Dié studie neem
‘n eerste tree in die rigting om die konsep van ondernemingsingenieurswese tot GK’s uit te brei. Dit maak die
groter aanpasbaarheid van hierdie netwerke by die dinamiese omgewing van die Inligtingsera moontlik.
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Jebadurai, Jeshoor Kumar. "Qualitative research of online drug misuse communities with reference to the novel psychoactive substances." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/11352.
Full textAbstract:
Objective: This research aimed at reviewing the information provided by the online drug misuse communities with reference to the available evidence-based literature on the novel psychoactive substances. Methodology: Among hundreds of novel psychoactive substances, four groups (phenethylamines, tryptamines, piperazines and miscellaneous) were selected for the study. Various website drug fora were identified by Google and Yahoo search engines using a set of specific key words. The methods consisted of extracting and analysing qualitative data from the identified website fora. This was also supplemented by critical reviewing the existing evidence-based literature search for each of the selected psychoactive compounds. Results: The combined search results identified 84 unique website fora from which qualitative data were extracted for thirty novel psychoactive substances and organised into technical folders. This data extracted from online communities has thrown some light on factors such as the mode of purchase, subjective experiences, reasons for use, combinations, legislation, mechanisms of action in the CNS, side effects, toxicity and its management. This would enable the clinicians to be obtain full history when assessing and would inform better treatment choices. Conclusions: A range of novel psychoactive substances have been made recently available across the globe. The sale is easily achieved through the Internet. New legislations are made to control some recreational substances whilst newer substances appear. Furthermore, the distributors sell the backlog of products even after controlling of the substance has occured and hence are liable to potentiating criminal investigations. It is here suggested as well that the 'genuinity' of each onlince susbtance is questionable. Evidence-based literature is scant for the vast majority of these substances. Accidental overdoses are common occurences and some of the potential life-threatening clinical situations include sympathomimetic toxidrome and serotonin syndrome. Benzodiazepines appear to help with agitation and neuropsychiatric manifestations. Better levels of international cooperation and rapid share of available information may be needed to tackle the emerging problem of the novel psychoactive substances.
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Zamankhani, Shahram Salek. "Research and development of a reference model for intrusion handling systems in wireless LANs." Thesis, London Metropolitan University, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.542798.
Full textAbstract:
Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) are different from the traditional wired LANs in terms of their easy exposure to potential threats and vulnerability to exploitation. Hence, there is an urgent need for effective Intrusion Handling Systems (IHSs) and the methods for their evaluation. Analyses of the IHSs (Snort Wireless, Bro and Kismet) for WLANs performed in this work have shown that they are all built as proprietary systems. These IHSs do not consider the existence of other IHSs nor do they try to determine ways to establish inter-IHS collaboration in order to achieve a better security for WLANs. Based on these analyses the unified presentation of the features and architectures of these IHSs have been developed. In this thesis, it has been identified a distinct absence of a standardised reference model for IHSs. Hence, a novel reference model is proposed for a scalable distributed IHS that defines system architecture, specifying the need for identification and response systems with associated sets of methods and inter-IHS communications protocol. A model of IHS description for ad hoc networks with a present intruder has been developed and a need for Unified Intrusion Handling Report Format, Inter IHS Message and Inter IHS Communication Subsystem for inter IHS communications has been identified. Ontologybased approach for modelling of IHS has been suggested and formally adopted throughout. IHS Modeling Ontology (IHSMO) has been developed based on the previous analyses of IHSs. This IHSMO is unique because it has components specifically addressing WLANs. The IHSMO is built using the Hozo ontology editor that allows both specification and verification of the model's integrity, which established a common framework for comparison and benchmarking. For evaluation purposes the ontologybased models of the same IHSs (Snort Wireless, Bro and Kismet) have been built using Hozo ontology editor. Comparison of their ontologies was undertaken in a unified way using IHSMO as a reference. This enabled the functionality gap analysis to be performed using IHSMO concepts and slots in order to demonstrate lack of essential functionalities in some systems. This further informed in the evaluation of the proposed model. The approach allows adopting and extending the IHSMO if knowledge changes in future.
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Boca, Madalina Brindusa. "Research into process validation in pharmaceutical companies, with specific reference to Roche, South Africa." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2009. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-10132009-181630/.
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Tuffley, David John. "A Design Research approach to developing a Process Reference Model for leadership of integrated teams in virtual environments." Thesis, Griffith University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/365310.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose: the aim of this thesis is to determine the qualities and characteristics of effective leaders of integrated teams operating in virtual environments.
Research paradigm and methodology: The study was conducted using the Design Research paradigm in which a series of six review cycles were conducted using a combination of qualitative and quantitative data collection methods.
Findings: The study establishes:
1. the qualities and characteristics of effective leaders of integrated teams operating in virtual environments can be identified,
2. that these characteristics of leadership can be expressed in a Process Reference Model (PRM) or Reference Model of Organisational Behavior,
3. that Design Research can effectively be used to develop a PRM, and
4. that Behavior Engineering is an effective formal method for validating PRMs.
Research limitations: The project uses Design Research to determine leadership factors. These are then synthesised into a Process Reference Model, yet there is little or no theory base for applying Design Research in this way. The usefulness of this approach should be confirmed by follow-up research.
Practical implications: Project managers in the Software Engineering sector specifically, and more generally in other sectors using virtual teams to perform projects will benefit from using this Process Reference Model to better coordinate their teams to achieve objectives.
Originality & value: The project is original and valuable in it’s:
1. application of Design Research to develop a Process Reference Model,
2. formulation of leadership qualities into a PRM,
3. application of Behavior Engineering to the validation of a PRM, and
4. development of a practical and academically rigorous approach to PRM-development.
Keywords: Leadership, Process Reference Model, Design Research, Behavior Engineering.<br>Thesis (PhD Doctorate)<br>Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)<br>School of Information & Communication Technology<br>Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology<br>Full Text
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Peden, Margaret Mary. "Adult pedestrian traffic trauma in Cape Town with special reference to the role of alcohol." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/25841.
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This research is a prospective, descriptive survey of adult pedestrian injuries in Cape Town. It profiles 'at risk' pedestrians and describes their injuries, injury severity and outcome. The role which alcohol plays in these collisions is threaded through the thesis. Since no study of this nature has been done in South Africa, it provides baseline data on the epidemiology, alcohol-relatedness, clinical presentation and prevention of adult pedestrian collisions in the metropole. Data were collected prospectively on all injured pedestrians who presented consecutively, within six hours of being injured, to the Trauma Unit of Groote Schuur Hospital over a nine week period in 1993. Data were also gathered retrospectively from the state mortuary on all pedestrians who died before reaching hospital during the same time period. A total of 227 patients were included in the study. Data gathered included demographics, physiological response to injury, anatomical nature and severity of injuries as well as progress and outcome. Injuries were assessed and scored using the Abbreviated Injury Score (1990 revision) and the New Injury Severity Score. Alcohol consumption was assessed using four measures, viz. self-evaluation, clinical assessment, breath alcohol analysis and blood alcohol concentration (SAC). Data were analysed using SAS version 6. The study recorded a very high incidence of alcohol intoxication among injured pedestrians in Cape Town. This is highly suggestive of a causal link. One hundred and forty-one patients (62.1%) were found to have positive BACs; more than 40% had BACs in excess of 0.20 g/100ml. SAC positive pedestrians were found to have more severe injuries, to require longer hospitalisation periods and to need more complex management. They consequently cost more to treat than their sober counterparts. The comparison between the four methods of alcohol assessment revealed that self-evaluation and clinical assessment were poor screening tools. Breath alcohol analysis, using a Lion Alcolmeter S-D2, had a high degree of accuracy when compared to the SAC, which remains the 'gold standard'. It is therefore recommended that all traffic trauma patients be subjected to breath analysis. The study also generated recommendations for the prevention of pedestrian collisions. These address pre-crash, crash and post-crash factors. Control of drunken driving and walking, as well as road safety education, particularly to pedestrians, are key issues. However, there remains a need for improved road engineering and better monitoring of the roadworthiness of vehicles. This thesis highlights the severity of alcohol-related pedestrian injuries and the importance of preventative strategies.
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Macharia, J. N. M. "Growth and photosynthesis of maize (Zea mays L.) in sub-optimal environments with particular reference to Britain and Kenya." Thesis, University of Essex, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.234197.
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Rothman, Harry. "Insect pest control research : the analysis of historical trends with special reference to scientometric analysis." Thesis, Aston University, 1987. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/15187/.
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The thesis investigates the value of quantitative analyses for historical studies of science through an examination of research trends in insect pest control, or economic entomology. Reviews are made of quantitative studies of science, and historical studies of pest control. The methodological strengths and weaknesses of bibliometric techniques are examined in a special chapter; techniques examined include productivity studies such as paper counts, and relational techniques such as co-citation and co-word analysis. Insect pest control is described. This includes a discussion of the socio-economic basis of the concept of `pest'; a series of classifications of pest control techniques are provided and analysed with respect to their utility for scientometric studies. The chemical and biological approaches to control are discussed as scientific and technological paradigms. Three case studies of research trends in economic entomology are provided. First a scientometric analysis of samples of chemical control and biological control papers; providing quantitative data on institutional, financial, national, and journal structures associated with pest control research fields. Second, a content analysis of a core journal, the Journal of Economic Entomology, over a period of 1910-1985; this identifies the main research innovations and trends, in particular the changing balance between chemical and biological control. Third, an analysis of historical research trends in insecticide research; this shows the rise, maturity and decline of research of many groups of compounds. These are supplemented by a collection of seven papers on scientometric studies of pest control and quantitative techniques for analysing science.
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Hiew, Alexandra T. "Towards a Pedagogical Reference Work for Violinists Informed by Current Music Psychology ResearchTowards a Pedagogical Reference Work for Violinists Informed by Current Music Psychology Research." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1380619860.
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Holmes, Keith Philip. "Whose knowledge for educational development? : research capacity in small states with special reference to St. Lucia." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.392954.
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Mbatha, Cyril. "A case for institutional investigations in economic research methods with reference to South Africa's agricultural sector." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002706.
Full textAbstract:
Economic development remains elusive for many world economies, but especially those of African countries. The current global inequalities in terms of GNP per capita and human living standards between developed and developing nations have ensured that the challenges of food insecurities are only some of the many negative experiences of underdevelopment in the African continent. Hence, delivery pressures are increasing on policy makers and researchers to provide tangible and timely economic solutions to the resilient state of underdevelopment. In the policy fights against the challenges posed by a lack of development in South Africa, the agricultural sector has in the past and continues in the present to play a central role. Such is the case because the majority of citizens rely on agricultural production activities for their livelihoods. For instance, even though the sector only contributed four percent towards the national Gross Domestic Product in 2006, in the Eastern Cape Province, more than seventy percent of the total population resided in rural areas. Moreover, in 2004 more than sixty percent of the national formal and informal employment levels were found in the sector. These economic indicators do not only reinforce the assertions that high levels of geographical and sectoral inequalities exist in the country’s economy, but they also illustrate the importance of the agricultural sector in public policy attempts, which are aimed at achieving food security alongside long-term developmental objectives. Some economists, especially the proponents of institutionalism, have argued that most of the recommendations to public policy interventions from mainstream economic research endeavours are not adequately helpful. The recommendations generally lack well considered and socially effective ideas, mainly because there remains some level of ignorance about the impacts that institutions have on economic and social systems. Some argue that this ignorance is reflected in (flawed) hedonistic and rationalist assumptions made about economic actors and in the methodological thinking of many research designs and economic analyses. The misuse of formal tools and statistical methods, for example, are some of the important factors, which have led to failures of the discipline of economics to provide effective policy solutions to problems of underdevelopment and poverty, especially in poor country environments. The thesis, having taken account of the majority of criticisms levelled against the classical and new-classical economic schools of thought, argues that the discipline as a whole lacks a paradigmatic integration of institutional and new-classical economic perspectives to offer appropriate guidelines for a methodology aimed at achieving socially responsive research outputs. The lack of this integration has resulted in a skewed selection of methods by economists, which are employed in research without a supportive and in-depth understanding of institutional and social factors. To support the thesis, a more effective and integrated framework for economic research is developed and presented with case study illustrations in a cumulative manner. The 20th century history of agricultural policies in South Africa, the agricultural and institutional case studies from the Eastern Cape Province alongside reviews of other agricultural studies are all used in presenting a case for rigorous institutional investigations in general economic research. These are also used in developing the proposed integrated framework, which aims to give guidance in developing research methods, which are more socially responsive. Having shown the usefulness of the proposed research framework, the thesis recommends that public policy interventions (at national and local levels) should aim to eliminate all types of institutions which have high associated transactional costs. The interventions should also encourage the emergence and growth of the types of institutions, which present the lowest costs to initiatives of economic development. In the primary case studies from the Eastern Cape Province, the insecurity of land tenure and the various local initiatives of business ventures are highlighted as two examples of the types of institutions, which respectively present high and low transactional costs to local initiatives of agricultural and economic development.
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Ortega, Priego Jose Luis. "REFERENCE ANALYSIS BASE ON A VECTORIAL SPACES MODEL: CONTEMPORANY HISTORY IN JAEN RESEARCH FOR 1990-1995." CINDOC, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/105497.
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Bibliometry; Citation analysis; Vectorials Spaces Model (VSM); Multidimensional Scaling (MDS); Mapping of Science; Contemporany History<br>The spatial perfomance of the relationships there are among researchers in Contemporany History of Jaén for 1990-1995 through their behaviour in citing process is the objetive of this work. Through reference analysis bases on Vectorial Spaces Model (VSM) and displayed in a graphic thanks to Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) are obtained results about research fronts, who lead them, who made up them, and the "disciple/master" relationships there are among researchers.
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Fowler, Brigid. "Political parties and EU accession : towards a new research agenda, with particular reference to Hungary, 1998-2002." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.442638.
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Wong, Wai Yoke V. "The role of scientific research in the development of exported cash crops with particular reference to Malaysia." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.354359.
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Mårtensson, Jörgen. "Är frågan färdigformulerad? : En referenskritisk undersökning av 118100 Svar På Allt och Fråga Bibliotekets e-posttjänst." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för ABM, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-160068.
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This two years master’s thesis in Library and Information Sciences aims to investigate and put the services of 118100 Svar På Allt (SPA, an SMS mobile question and answer service) and Fråga biblioteket (FB, a library operated e-mail reference service) into the context of the reference encounter. Questions sent to SPA and their subsequent answers are analysed, and part of these questions are forwarded to FB for comparative studies. Both of the formats are compared to the reference encounter as a whole. The framing of the question originates in the assumption that there may be a need for further negotiation of the questions submitted to the aforementioned formats. Do SPA and FB constitute formats different enough from the reference encounter to imply that the question at hand already has gone through the apropiate negotiations? These compressed and asynchronous reference services are not only compared to the synchronous reference, but are also examined as reference services in their own right. How does the e-mail reference and the SMS services fare against each other and the “regular” reference encounter? Findings in the analysis are subjected to appliable INSU theories, especially Robert S. Taylors thoughts on question negotitation and Nicholas Belkins et al regarding anomalous states of knowledge. Further major contributors are Marie L. Radford concerning the reference encounter and Reijo Savolainen on everyday information practices. The study found several occasions where a personal, or at least synchronous, reference encounter would have been decidedly more helpful than that of the electronic services. However, the larger majority of the questions analysed turned out to be completed in formulation for the compressed, asynchronous format. The e-mails of FB can to some extent work as an intermediary service since it is more allowing lengthwise than SPA and gives more of an opportunity to redirect towards more exhaustive sources.
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Talwalkar, Akshat. "Studies on the oxygen toxicity of probiotic bacteria with reference to Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium spp." Thesis, View thesis, 2003. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/629.
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Oxygen toxicity is considered significant in the poor survival of probiotic bacteria such as Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium spp. in yoghurts. This study investigated methods to protect these bacteria from oxygen exposure. To confirm the accuracy of the reported survival estimates of L. acidophilus or Bifidobacterium spp. in yoghurts, the reliability of several enumeration media was evaluated with different commercial yoghurts. None of the media however, was found reliable thereby casting doubts on the reported cell numbers of probiotic bacteria in yoghurts. After much research,it was found that although oxygen can be detrimental to L. acidophilus and Bifidobacterium spp.in culture broths, it may not be significant for their poor survival in yoghurts. Nevertheless, techniques such as oxidative stress stress adaption, alternative packaging materials and microencapsulation as investigated in this study, can serve as general protective techniques to help yoghurt manufacturers in maintaining the recommended numbers of probiotic bacteria in their products. This would eventually assist in the efficient delivery of probiotic health benefits to yoghurt consumers.
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Hendricks, Katherine Elizabeth May. "Reproductive strategies in the postpartum dairy cow with reference to anovulation and postpartum uterine health." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0007013.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Florida, 2004.<br>Typescript. Title from title page of source document. Document formatted into pages; contains 176 pages. Includes Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Wilson-Roberts, Guy. "Nuclear arms control negotiation with special reference to New Zealand and the comprehensive Test Ban Treaty." Thesis, University of Auckland, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/2274.
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In 1996, at a special session of the United Nations General Assembly, the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT) was opened for signature. Within one week, seventy states, including all five nuclear-weapon states, signed the Treaty. This brought to an end fifty years of both nuclear tests and nuclear test-ban negotiations. For many states, the achievement of the CTBT was a major success for nuclear arms control. New Zealand played an important role in the early stages of the CTBT negotiation. Every year from 1972, New Zealand and Australia tabled a resolution in the General Assembly calling for a CTBT. After two decades of diplomacy, the resolution was adopted by consensus in 1993, allowing negotiation for a CTBT to take place in the Conference on Disarmament. Substantive negotiation for a CTBT began in 1993, but test-ban negotiations had been taking place almost since the start of nuclear testing in 1945. Like many other nuclear arms control issues, the negotiations had been dominated by the United States and the Soviet Union. Engaged in their own nuclear arms race, the two superpowers pursued their own bilateral nuclear arms control negotiations to manage their strategic relationship. Until the CTBT negotiation, multilateral nuclear arms control was mostly limited to the Treaty for the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT). The NPT reflected the desire of many non-nuclear states to become involved in nuclear arms control and use multilateral agreements to place obligations on the nuclear-weapon states. While both bilateral and multilateral nuclear arms control often languished due to disagreements, multilateral nuclear arms control negotiation has also dealt with the complexity of reconciling the perspectives of many states. This complexity has made the use of negotiation theories difficult, although if used pragmatically, theory can be a useful tool for the study of negotiation events. Through the test-ban resolution, New Zealand was able to contribute to the process of reaching consensus by acting as a facilitator. New Zealand is a good example of how a small non-nuclear state can make a useful contribution in multilateral nuclear arms control negotiation, typically dominated by large nuclear-weapon states, and still advance its national interests.
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Bloch, Joan R., Maureen R. Courtney, and Myra L. Clark. "Practice-based Clinical Inquiry in Nursing for DNP and PhD Research: Looking Beyond Traditional Methods." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://www.amzn.com/0826126944.
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Meticulously compiled to serve the specific needs of APRNs and nurse executives engaged in doctoral-level research, this text provides evidence-based and practice-based scholarly methods not traditionally taught in PhD or DNP programs. Building on and expanding traditional nursing research methods, the bookfocuses on both existing and evolving methods of clinical inquiry, some of which incorporate technology and knowledge from other disciplines. These are approaches that can be translated into clinical practice, providing the nursing profession with unprecedented opportunities for collaboration in improvinghealth and health care systems. Methods include quality improvement, implementation science, logic models, program planning and evaluation, patient-engaged and community participatory research, dissemination research, big data, comparative effectiveness research, secondary analysis, and systematic reviews.
Chapters provide clear guidance on why and how to use a particular method, and are consistently organized to enable a comparison and contrast of different approaches in order to select the one that best fits a particular research need. The text highlights the importance of each approach, and discusses why touse a particular method for doctoral nursing work. Chapters describe how to apply the method along with how to interpret findings and disseminate them. Thedescription of each method concludes with examples from the published literature. Practical tips for impact and success in research and program proposals increase the text value.
Key Features: Presents research methods specifically for doctoral-level evidence-based and practice-based clinical research Describes interdisciplinary health care methodologies focused on evidence-based improvement in health care Offers practical information on benefits and use of each method Provides examples of each method from published literature Written by experienced academic and practice scholars from across the United States<br>https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu_books/1137/thumbnail.jpg
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Sedlack, Derek J. "Reducing Incongruity of Perceptions Related to Information Risk: Dialogical Action Research in Organizations." NSUWorks, 2012. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/299.
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A critical overreliance on the technical dimension of information security has recently shifted toward more robust, organizationally focused information security methods to countermand $54 billion lost from computer security incidents. Developing a more balanced approach is required since protecting information is not an all or nothing proposition. Inaccurate tradeoffs resulting from misidentified risk severity based on organizational group perceptions related to information risk form information security gaps. This dissertation applies dialogical action research to study the information security gap created by incongruent perceptions of organizational members related to information risk among different stakeholder communities. A new model, the Information Security Improvement model, based on Technological Frames of Reference (TFR), is proposed and tested to improve information security through reduced member incongruity. The model proved useful in realigning incongruent perceptions related to information risk within the studied organization. A process for identifying disparate information characteristics and potential influencing factors is also presented. The research suggested that the model is flexible and extensible, within the organizational context, and may be used to study incongruent individual perceptions (micro) or larger groups such as departments or divisions.
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Cane, Susan Eileen. "'How do Open University students learn from feedback?' : a case study research with particular reference to Continental Europe." Thesis, Open University, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.520736.
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Grewal, Dhruv. "The effect of intrinsic, extrinsic cues and reference prices on buyers' perceptions of quality and value." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/54785.
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This dissertation research synthesizes knowledge from consumer behavior, psychology and applied economics to address a fundamental issue in marketing regarding how buyers evaluate products. Classical economic theory has assumed that buyers have perfect information about products and prices and that buyers are capable of processing this information. However, in reality, buyers face an increasingly complex marketplace with numerous products, incomplete and imperfect information, and a limited capability of processing this information. Hence, this complex market place creates an uncertain environment in which buyers have to make purchase decisions. To reduce uncertainty, buyers tend to use available information cues to make inferences about the products being evaluated. Among these cues are the product’s price, reference price (e.g., price last paid, advertised reference price), and certain attributes intrinsic to the product.
The research question addressed in this dissertation is, “how do information cues affect buyers’ product evaluations, behavioral intentions and price estimates?”
Conceptually, this research develops a model incorporating the research objectives by describing how buyers select specific information cues, evaluate them, and arrive at an overall assessment of the value or worth of the product to them. Specifically, the model proposes that the price cue is used both as an indicator of product quality as well as an indicator of monetary sacrifice. It is proposed that buyers initially trade-off these opposite indicators to make an assessment of the value of acquiring the product. However, complicating this model is the notion that some product attributes produce benefits quite apart from quality, and that some price offers represent a short-term deal or bargain. Since buyers are assumed to have an internal reference price that may be used to evaluate a price offer, additional value, called transaction value, may be perceived if the offer price is below this reference price. Further, additional value may occur because, intrinsic attributes of the product may provide additional benefits. Furthermore, the model conceptualizes that the perceived value of the offer has a positive effect on buyers purchase intentions and the greater the transaction value, the less their search intention for a lower price. The model proposes specific linkages between these variables and suggests a process of how buyers evaluate product alternatives.
To test this model and its propositions, an experiment was conducted. Respondents evaluated a 35mm compact camera given variations in the amount and type of information available for this evaluation. To enhance the reliability of the measures and manipulations, multiple items were used to measure the theoretical constructs. Because of the laboratory setting for the research, emphasis was placed on the precision and control of the procedures and on maximizing the internal validity of the study. A confirmatory factor analytical computer program was used to assess the measurement properties of the scales. Certain relationships were tested utilizing analysis of variance procedures and contrast analysis. The structural model specifying the causal relationships among the variables was analyzed using LISREL VI (a linear structural equation computer analytic program). The LISREL output statistics provided parameter coefficients for the individual relationships, as well as goodness-of-fit of the structural/causal model.
The results of this research contribute to our understanding of the way imperfect information affects the efficiency of market operations. Understanding how buyers utilize imperfect information to make economic evaluations provides important information on how they make actual purchase decisions. Additionally, it provides information of how price offers affect buyers’ buyers’ product evaluation and purchase intention. Such knowledge will be useful to managers.<br>Ph. D.
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Deans, Tom. "The relationship between charity and the state in Britain and Canada : with particular reference to the case of medical research." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1988. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/99191/.
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This thesis examines relations between charities and the state in Britain and Canada: it challenges a common view that government responsibility for welfare provision in this century has rendered charities relatively insignificant and isolated from the political process in both countries. By focusing specifically on medical research charities, evidence is presented to show that lobbying has become an increasingly important aspect of their activity, in spite of legal limitations restricting much of their involvement in the policy process. It is concluded that the law restricting charities from engaging in political activities has had limited success both because of its 'vagueness' and poor enforcement. The only countervailing force keeping medical research charities 'out of politics' to any significant degree has come from volunteers and the donating public, but, even they have had only a limited impact. The degree of political involvement by a charity is now contingent on the policy area in which it operates, the degree of 'hostility' of government policy towards the organisation and its objectives as well as the charity's financial resources. In light of cut-backs in government expenditure to medical research in the 1980s, of the need to co-ordinate scientific investigations, and of pressures from some volunteers to represent the interests of disease sufferers, as well as a number of other factors, British and Canadian medical research charities have been drawn increasingly into the political process. This evidence suggests that charity-state relations have changed dramatically since the 19th century when charities not only resisted state encroachment into many areas of social welfare, but devoted much of their resources towards encouraging state withdrawal from areas where tax revenues were already being applied. Now charities frequently criticize government policies aimed at cutting-back state funding for programmes in policy areas where charities are operating and also propose new legislation to ensure minimum levels and quality of state-funded services. Given this, the nature of charity-state relations has changed dramatically and has created difficulties for legislators who have had to reconcile the non-political qualities of philanthropy- including altruism, and community participation - with the reality that much charitable activity is devoted to participating in the policy process. In conclusion the blurring of the distinction between philanthropy and politics has meant that charities have begun to resemble more traditional forms of interest groups while at the same time maintaining their privileged 'tax exempt status'. This is a particularly interesting development given that many British and Canadian medical research charities have been co-opted by pharmaceutical companies to participate in a number of that industry's lobbying campaigns in return for corporate donations.
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au, kpanten@murdoch edu, and Kenneth Panten. "A history of research on Codex Bezae, with special reference to the Acts of the Apostles: evaluation and future directions." Murdoch University, 1995. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20040624.93526.
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Considering the amount of material written on Codex Bezae down through the centuries a detailed history of research into the codex has long been overdue. Such a history is important not only to give future researchers an understanding of what has gone on before,. but also to facilitate an understanding of the development of ideas and their outcome. As Codex Bezae is the principal witness of the so-called Western text, much of what has been written centres upon its text. Nevertheless from the end of the last century there has been a growing awareness among scholars of the need to give the other details contained within the codex far more attention than hitherto.
Inasmuch as the D text is the main rival to the Alexandrian text as the best representative of the otiginal exemplar, it is of no surprise that Codex Bezae and its text have been of interest to the textual critics. Over the last century and a half there have always been those advocating the supremacy of the D text, and such claims have attracted much attention. For this reason, Codex Bezae has never been far from the focus of scholarly debate. This debate would be greatly helped if Codex Bezae could be accurately located historically, for this, briefly, is the nub of the problem - where and when was it written? Any avenue of inquiry ever pursued, any investigation ever embarked upon, has the answer to this question as its prime objective. Hence the importance of this history, for we need to know how the debate has progressed if we are to avoid repeating previous fruitless enterprises and if we wish to build upon previous fruitful endeavours.
Having established the history of research on Codex Bezae it was opportune to assess the claims and counterclaims, to sift the data, and to separate the more factual evidence from the many hypotheses, in order to establish a solid base from which to launch future inquiries.
Consequently this thesis provides:
1. a detai]ed history of the research on Codex Bezae;
2. an analysis of the existing evidence;
3. a detailed catalogue of scholars who have contributed to the debate;
4. details of my own investigations into the historical use of unusually spelled words in the Bezan text; and
5. suggested avenues for future research.
39
Varisco, Andrea Edoardo. "The influence of research on state building policy with special reference to security sector reform : the case of Sierra Leone." Thesis, University of York, 2014. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/6712/.
Full textAbstract:
Over the last few decades, international organisations and bilateral donors have progressively promoted externally-led state building and Security Sector Reform (SSR) as two of the principal policy approaches to enhance state legitimacy and promote stability and security in countries emerging from conflicts. At the same time, the state building and SSR research agendas have grown exponentially and the quest for evidence-based policies has increasingly become an important aspect for international and British decision-makers working in fragile, conflict-affected countries. Nonetheless, the use and uptake of state building and SSR-oriented research findings by those involved in policy-making has remained a largely under-studied field of research, and enquiry into the research-policy nexus has rarely approached the issues of state building and SSR. This PhD research seeks to compensate for this gap in the literature by investigating the extent to which research has influenced and interacted with SSR policies, programmes and activities implemented by the United Kingdom (UK) in conflict-affected Sierra Leone. The thesis uses concepts and notions from the literature on the policy process and research utilisation to explore the ways in which research has influenced UK-led SSR policy. It analyses the evolution of the network of policy-makers, street-level bureaucrats, and researchers working on SSR in Sierra Leone, and argues that two main variables – an increased stability in the country and a progressive evolution of SSR in policy and research – contributed to the expansion of the policy network over time and to a better use of research by street-level bureaucrats on the ground. The thesis tests the applicability of the literature on the research-policy nexus to the challenge of state building and SSR in conflict-affected environments, deriving from the Sierra Leone case study a series of recommendations to improve the use of research by international organisations and bilateral donors working in fragile states.
40
Panten, Kenneth. "A history of research on Codex Bezae, with special reference to the Acts of the Apostles: evaluation and future directions." Thesis, Panten, Kenneth (1995) A history of research on Codex Bezae, with special reference to the Acts of the Apostles: evaluation and future directions. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 1995. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/244/.
Full textAbstract:
Considering the amount of material written on Codex Bezae down through the centuries a detailed history of research into the codex has long been overdue. Such a history is important not only to give future researchers an understanding of what has gone on before,. but also to facilitate an understanding of the development of ideas and their outcome. As Codex Bezae is the principal witness of the so-called Western text, much of what has been written centres upon its text. Nevertheless from the end of the last century there has been a growing awareness among scholars of the need to give the other details contained within the codex far more attention than hitherto.
Inasmuch as the D text is the main rival to the Alexandrian text as the best representative of the otiginal exemplar, it is of no surprise that Codex Bezae and its text have been of interest to the textual critics. Over the last century and a half there have always been those advocating the supremacy of the D text, and such claims have attracted much attention. For this reason, Codex Bezae has never been far from the focus of scholarly debate. This debate would be greatly helped if Codex Bezae could be accurately located historically, for this, briefly, is the nub of the problem - where and when was it written? Any avenue of inquiry ever pursued, any investigation ever embarked upon, has the answer to this question as its prime objective. Hence the importance of this history, for we need to know how the debate has progressed if we are to avoid repeating previous fruitless enterprises and if we wish to build upon previous fruitful endeavours.
Having established the history of research on Codex Bezae it was opportune to assess the claims and counterclaims, to sift the data, and to separate the more factual evidence from the many hypotheses, in order to establish a solid base from which to launch future inquiries.
Consequently this thesis provides:
1. a detailed history of the research on Codex Bezae;
2. an analysis of the existing evidence;
3. a detailed catalogue of scholars who have contributed to the debate;
4. details of my own investigations into the historical use of unusually spelled words in the Bezan text; and
5. suggested avenues for future research.
41
Panten, Kenneth. "A history of research on Codex Bezae, with special reference to the Acts of the Apostles: evaluation and future directions." Panten, Kenneth (1995) A history of research on Codex Bezae, with special reference to the Acts of the Apostles: evaluation and future directions. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 1995. http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/244/.
Full textAbstract:
Considering the amount of material written on Codex Bezae down through the centuries a detailed history of research into the codex has long been overdue. Such a history is important not only to give future researchers an understanding of what has gone on before,. but also to facilitate an understanding of the development of ideas and their outcome. As Codex Bezae is the principal witness of the so-called Western text, much of what has been written centres upon its text. Nevertheless from the end of the last century there has been a growing awareness among scholars of the need to give the other details contained within the codex far more attention than hitherto.
Inasmuch as the D text is the main rival to the Alexandrian text as the best representative of the otiginal exemplar, it is of no surprise that Codex Bezae and its text have been of interest to the textual critics. Over the last century and a half there have always been those advocating the supremacy of the D text, and such claims have attracted much attention. For this reason, Codex Bezae has never been far from the focus of scholarly debate. This debate would be greatly helped if Codex Bezae could be accurately located historically, for this, briefly, is the nub of the problem - where and when was it written? Any avenue of inquiry ever pursued, any investigation ever embarked upon, has the answer to this question as its prime objective. Hence the importance of this history, for we need to know how the debate has progressed if we are to avoid repeating previous fruitless enterprises and if we wish to build upon previous fruitful endeavours.
Having established the history of research on Codex Bezae it was opportune to assess the claims and counterclaims, to sift the data, and to separate the more factual evidence from the many hypotheses, in order to establish a solid base from which to launch future inquiries.
Consequently this thesis provides:
1. a detailed history of the research on Codex Bezae;
2. an analysis of the existing evidence;
3. a detailed catalogue of scholars who have contributed to the debate;
4. details of my own investigations into the historical use of unusually spelled words in the Bezan text; and
5. suggested avenues for future research.
42
Ruscheniko, Iona Helen Felicity. "Perceptions of academic workload with particular reference to research : a cross sectional survey of lecturing staff at the Port Elizabeth Technikon." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52399.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MPhil)--University of Stellenbosch, 2001.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Change characterises life in the early twenty first century and higher education is no
exception. Higher education in South Africa is currently in a considerable state of flux which
ultimately is actualised at institutional level. It is academic staff who encounter these changes
first hand. Technikon lecturers, in particular, are faced with additional challenges not faced by
their university counterparts - they have been called upon to change from a primarily
vocational to an academic alignment as a result of technikons being given the right to award
degrees.
This study conducts a cross sectional survey of academic staff at the Port Elizabeth
Technikon to identify their academic workload, with particular reference to their research
function. It also seeks to establish whether lecturers consider themselves to be adequately
prepared for their research function.
A review of the literature reveals that lecturers in higher education are involved in a wide
variety of activities, the main ones being teaching, research, service, and scholarship. The
literature review also shows that in overseas institutions with missions similar to the
technikons, lecturers experienced changes to their workload as a result of the restructuring of
higher education.
The empirical study shows that academic staff at the Port Elizabeth Technikon have much in
common with their international peers in terms of the changes and pressures that have been
experienced. The work reality for lecturers at the named institution includes all the traditional
elements associated with being academic: teaching, research, service and scholarship.
Although research is a new function, this has been positively embraced by most staff and that
in most cases lecturers consider themselves to be adequately prepared for this function. The empirical study also shows that more than one third of the respondents do not support the
institutional vision of becoming "the first choice technological university of South Africa".
Further, the study shows that, in common with other studies, staff were of the opinion that the
institution undervalues teaching and that research attracts more recognition and rewards.
Finally, it shows that significant numbers of staff work in excess of 50 hours per week and
carry teaching loads that are greater than the institutional guidelines.
Recommendations are made on the basis of these findings and a further avenue of research is
suggested.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Verandering is 'n kenmerk van die lewe in die vroee een-en-twintigste eeu en hoer onderwys is
geen uitsondering nie. Hoer onderwys in Suid-Afrika ervaar tans 'n besonderse toe stand van
veranderlikheid, maar dit is uiteindelik op onderwysinrigtingvlak wat did tot verwerkliking
kom. Dit is akademiese personeel wat hierdie veranderings eerstehands ondervind. In die
besonder word Technikonpersoneel gekonfronteer met uitdagings waaraan hulle
universiteitsewekniee nie blootgestel word nie - daar word van hulle vereis om van 'n primere
beroeps-orientering oor te skakel na 'n akademiese ingesteldheid as gevolg van die feit dat
technikons die mandaat verkry het om grade toe te ken.
Hierdie studie het 'n opname onder akademiese personeel aan die Port Elizabethse Technikon
gedoen om vas te stel wat die personeel se akademiese werkslading is, met besondere
verwysing na hulle navorsingsfunksie. Die ondersoek poog ook om vas te stel of lektore van
mening is dat hulle genoegsaam voorberei is vir hulle navorsingsfunksie.
'n Literatuuroorsig toon dat lektore in hoer onderwys betrokke is by 'n bree verskeidenheid
aktiwiteite, waarvan die belangrikste onderrig, navorsing, dienslewering en vakkundigheid
(scholarship) is. Die literatuurstudie toon ook dat in ander lande aan inrigtings met
soortgelyke doelstellings as die technikons, lektore veranderings in hulle werksladings
ondervind het as gevolg van die herstrukturering van hoer onderwys wat teen die einde van
die twintigste eeu plaasgevind het.
Die empiriese studie toon dat akademiese personeel aan die Port Elizabethse Technikon met
betrekking tot die veranderings en druk wat ondervind word veel in gemeen het met hulle intemasionale ewekniee, Die realiteit in die werkplek vir lektore by genoemde inrigting sluit
al die tradisionele elemente in wat verband hou met die akademie: onderrig, navorsing, diens
en vakkundigheid (scholarship). Alhoewel navorsing 'n nuwe funksie is, is dit deur die
meerderheid personeel positief aanvaar en in die meeste gevalle is lektore van mening dat
hulle vir hierdie funksie voldoende voorberei is. Die empiriese studie toon ook dat meer as
een derde van die respondente nie die institusionele visie om "die eerste-keuse tegnologiese
universiteit van Suid-Afrika te wees" ondersteun rue. Voorts toon die studie soos ook in
ander studies, dat personeel van mening was dat die inrigting onderrig geringskat en dat
meer erkenning en belonings aan navorsing gegee word. Laastens toon dit dat 'n
beduidende aantal personeellede meer as 50 uur per week werk- en onderrigladings dra wat
meer is as die riglyne van die inrigting.
Op grond van hierdie bevindings word aanbevelings gemaak en 'n verdere navorsingsrigting
voorgestel.
43
Bernroider, Edward, José-Rodrigo Córdoba, and Alan Pilkington. "Research in Information Systems: A Study of Diversity and Inter-Disciplinary Discourse in the AIS Basket Journals between 1995 and 2011." Palgrave Macmillan, 2013. http://epub.wu.ac.at/3915/1/2013%2Djit20135a%2Dpostprint.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
The paper investigates how Information Systems (IS) has emerged as the product of interdisciplinary
discourses. The research aim in this study is to better understand diversity in IS research,
and the extent to which the diversity of discourse expanded and contracted from 1995 to 2011.
Methodologically, we apply a combined citations/co-citations analysis based on the eight Association
for Information Systems (AIS) basket journals and the 22 subject-field classification framework
provided by the Association of Business Schools (ABS). Our findings suggest that IS is in a state of
continuous interaction and competition with other disciplines. General Management was reduced from
a dominant position as a reference discipline in IS at the expense of a growing variety of other
discourses including Business Strategy, Marketing, and Ethics and Governance among others. Over
time, IS as a field moved from the periphery to a central position during its discursive formation. This
supports the notion of IS as a fluid discipline dynamically embracing a diverse range of adjacent
reference disciplines, whilst keeping a degree of continuing interaction with them. Understanding
where IS is currently at allows us to better understand and propose fruitful avenues for its development
in both academia and practice.
44
Simons, Kevin J. "The Work Process of Research Librarians: Implementation of the Abstraction-Decomposition Space." Connect to this document online, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1113847496.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Miami University, Dept. of Psychology, 2005.<br>Title from second page of PDF document. Document formatted into pages; contains [2], vi, 72, [22] p. : ill. Includes bibliographical references (p. 35-37).
45
lou, litin, and 羅怡婷. "Sales and Reference Group-Extloratory Research." Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/82218335285381405872.
Full text
46
Lu, Chia-Huai, and 呂家懷. "Research of Internet Self-Reference Advertising Effects." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/64fkng.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>國立臺北科技大學<br>商業自動化與管理研究所<br>97<br>The concept of self-reference has been widely studied in the field of psychology, but it does not have much research in advertisement area. The purpose of this study is to apply self-reference to internet advertisement and measuring the advertisement effects. The two moderator variables, argument strength and vividness of visual imagery, had also been discussed. The lab experiment was conducted, and 260 subjects participated in the experiment. The results indicate that the advertisement effect in self-reference advertising is better than no self-reference advertising. Furthermore, argument strength has moderate effect to advertisement attitude and purchase intention in analytical self-reference ad and vividness of visual imagery has moderate effect to purchase intention in narrative self-reference ad too.
47
Feng, Shaoyong. "Reference Radiation for Cosmic Rays in RBE Research." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-08-8530.
Full textAbstract:
When astronauts travel in space, they are exposed to high energy cosmic radiations. The cosmic ray spectrum contains very high energy particles, generally up to several GeV per nucleon. Currently NASA is funding research on the effects, such as acute radiation sickness, of cosmic radiation. Animal models are used to conduct the studies of radiation effects of particles in the range of several MeV/nucleon to about 1000 MeV/nucleon. In order to compare different radiations, the biological effectiveness relative to a specific radiation is usually used. For low energy heavy ions and neutrons 250 keV photons are usually used for the reference radiation but their depth dose distribution is very different from that for cosmic rays. In this research, the advantages of using high energy electrons as the reference radiation for research on cosmic radiation were demonstrated. The conclusion is based on the evaluation of the dose distributions and microdosimetric spectra of the electrons and high energy protons as a function of depth in a tissue equivalent absorber as determined by Geant4 simulation.
48
JIAN, SHR-SHIUNG, and 簡世雄. "EMPIRICAL RESEARCH OF PROPOSITIONS IN STRATEGIC REFERENCE POINT MATRIX THEORY." Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/18129438342531971908.
Full text
49
Liu, Hui-Ling, and 劉慧玲. "The Research in Alien''s Human Rights -Reference to Japanese Constitution." Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/58790640584253910171.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>淡江大學<br>日本研究所<br>84<br>A country''s trend of thoughts and level of legalprotection on
human rights can be better realized by observing how it
protects the rights of aliens residing within its,territory,
and the more advancing the country, the higher the ratio the
alien residents there is. In the past few years, our country
has been trying to be internationalzed in every respects. And
the economic development is accordingly very rapid and
impressive. The number of aliens has increased tremendousiy
after foreign labors were allowed to be imported since several
years ago.For those aliens, the problem of human rights has
been often ignored, and incidents against which have also
frequently seen on media reports. In order to better handle
the human-right problems of the aliens residing here in the
future,the ways and methods of how our neighboring state,Japan,
treats its domestic aliens and their consequences should be
observed and studied. The aliens'' human-right problems were
used to be governed by private internal or domestic laws. Due
to the increasing importance and internationalization of the
human-right protection,however, that issue today seems need to
be raised to anothed dimension, i.e., the dimension of
constitution and international laws. This thesis,therefore, by
using the theories of constitutional protection on human right
as well as relevant international legal rules, tries to study
he scope and limitation on alien'' human-right protection under
the Japanese Constitution, and whether in reality the
protection rendered by Japan comples with the established legal
principles. The main purposes of this thesis are trying to
identify the issues of the problem as well as their proper
solutions. The research methods em- ployed are historical
method and documentation analysis. The thesis has five
chapters, totaled eighty thousand Chinse Characters.
50
WENG, YUN-HAN, and 翁韻涵. "Research on Image Reference System Impact of Learning Style and behavior." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/n25pwj.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>國立臺北科技大學<br>工業設計系創新設計碩士班（碩士在職專班）<br>107<br>In the digital era, technology skill is more important than before, Searching and sharing information from the internet are gradually changing people's behavior. For the design students often use digital search technology to develop the foundation of the creativity. Different kind of the image reference system may give students with different levels of inspiration to students' output. This study invited 41 high school students in an experimental control group for the research of the image reference system to the learning style and behavior. First of all, this study divides the students into an experimental group and a control group in the quasi-experimental research and questionnaire method, and with signal sample t verification and one way Anova for statistical data analysis.
The result shows that when students making creative new idea, The systematic image reference system is better than non-systematic image reference system, to improve the creativity of the work, and can provide better information quality and learning quality of the design results. The systematic image reference system is suitable for the divergent students. And Accommodative, Convergent and Assimilation students are suitable for using non-systematic image reference system. In addition, through the discussion of different learning styles and behaviors, in order to understand students ' learning behavior and put forward design teaching strategies, teacher should pay attention to teaching preparation, teaching guidance, attention to differences and post-course review in the process of creative design teaching, which can make creative design teaching smoother.