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Academic literature on the topic 'Reference sources'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Reference sources"

1

Zell, Hans M. "Reference Sources." African Book Publishing Record 43, no. 2 (May 30, 2017): 120–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/abpr-2017-0004.

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Zell, Hans M. "Reference Sources." African Book Publishing Record 44, no. 2 (June 5, 2018): 116–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/abpr-2018-0008.

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Zell, Hans M. "Reference Sources." African Book Publishing Record 44, no. 4 (November 22, 2018): 363–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/abpr-2018-0012.

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Abstract No less than three international meetings on publishing in Africa have taken place recently, which have been followed with detailed action plawns. Among many other recommendations, calls for action to find solutions to perennial problems, as well as discussions focusing on sectorial innovation and revitalization of the African book industries, pwarticipants in all three meetings were strongly urged to start collecting and disseminating book industry data. It is true that reliable figures of book publishing output for the continent of Africa do not exist at the present time, with the exception of a very small number of countries, notably South Africa and Morocco. Meantime the state of African national bibliographies, which can form the groundwork of book industry data, presents a picture of neglect for the most part, with many national bibliographies seriously in arrears, currently dormant, or having ceased publication altogether. Only a small number are accessible in digital formats. Book publishing data and book production statistics are important elements in measuring the growth and vitality of indigenous publishing in any part of the world. In the absence of such data for most of the African continent, there is a need for research, analysis, documentation, and systematic gathering of current, reliable data and statistics on the whole book sector in Africa. However, there are huge challenges and complexities in the goal of collecting data for book industry surveys, which must not be underestimated. Many questions will need to be asked: for example, how is data going to be collected and analysed; what will be the parameters; and what are going to be the sources and the methods? Who should be responsible for undertaking the research and the compilation of such book industry data; and, crucially, who is going to fund the research and the data gathering process on a systematic and ongoing basis? Collecting book industry data is closely interrelated with the publication of national bibliographies and, in addition to examining the issues and challenges relating to the creation of book industry statistics, this paper also provides an analysis of the current state of national bibliographies in Africa, as well as linked matters such as legal deposit legislation, and compliance of legal deposit. Most national libraries and bibliographic agencies in Africa continue to operate under severe constraints, and have been chronically underfunded by their governments for the past four decades or more. An analysis of the current status of African national bibliographies sadly presents a dismal picture. It is unlikely that reliable data for the African book industries can be collected and published without the input and full cooperation of national libraries or bibliographic agencies. There is equally an urgent need for much more active collaboration and interaction between the agencies producing national bibliographies with publishers and book trade associations in each African country. Any attempts to revive the fortunes of African national libraries, and the resumption of publication of high quality and timely national bibliographies, will amount to a formidable task. This paper offers a range of suggestions and recommendations how the situation might be addressed and improved, but also points out that regular compilation of a national bibliography, and effective maintenance of legal deposit, necessitates adequate staff in terms of both numbers and expertise, which is not the case at this time.

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Zell, Hans M. "Reference Sources." African Book Publishing Record 45, no. 2 (May 29, 2019): 128–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/abpr-2019-0004.

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Zell, Hans M. "Reference Sources." African Book Publishing Record 46, no. 2 (May 29, 2020): 132–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/abpr-2020-0004.

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Wells, Veronica A. "Reference Sources." Notes 80, no. 1 (September 2023): 66–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/not.2023.a905316.

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Graveline, Laura. "Sources: Guide to Reference: Essential General Reference and Library Science Sources." Reference & User Services Quarterly 54, no. 4 (June 19, 2015): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/rusq.54n4.72b.

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ALA's classic print publication, Guide to Reference Books, was replaced in 2009 with the online Guide to Reference. As the online introduction states, the web subscription version of the Guide to Reference serves as a gateway with interactive features that the former print guide never could have replicated. Indeed, because print publications are by their nature hampered by size limitations, the online guide simply can provide more cross referencing, offer more extensive comparative evaluations and annotations of sources, and become more global in coverage.

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Hart, Sarah J. "Sources: Reference Sources and Services for Youth." Reference & User Services Quarterly 51, no. 3 (March 1, 2012): 302. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/rusq.51n3.302.2.

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Sassen, Catherine. "Culinary indexers’ reference sources." Indexer: The International Journal of Indexing 32, no. 4 (December 2014): C5—C8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/indexer.2014.59.

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Cummings, Lara. "Sources: Fundamentals of Reference." Reference & User Services Quarterly 53, no. 1 (September 1, 2013): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/rusq.53n1.78a.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Reference sources"

1

Raczkowycz, Julian. "Monolithic data converters and integrated voltage reference sources." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.290740.

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Mylonas, Georgios. "Programmable voltage reference generator for a SAR-ADC." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Elektroniksystem, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-98567.

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SAR-ADCs are very popular and suitable for conversions up to few tens of MHz with 8 to 12 bits of resolution. A very popular type is the Charge Redistribution SAR-ADC which is based on a capacitive array. Higher speeds can be achieved by using the interleaving technique where a number of SAR-ADCs are working in parallel. These speeds, however, can only be achieved if the reference voltage can cope with the switching of the capacitive array. In this thesis the design of a programmable voltage reference generator for a Charge Redistribution SAR-ADC was studied. A number of architectures were studied and one based on a Current Steering DAC was chosen because of the settling time that could offer to the Charge Redistribution SAR-ADC switching operation. This architecture was further investigated in order to spot the weak points of the design and try to minimize the settling time. In the end, the final design was evaluated and possible trimming techniques were proposed that could further speed up the design.

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Janez, Fabrice. "Fusion of information sources defined on different non-exhaustive reference sets /." Paris : ONERA, 1998. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb367050865.

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Marani, Tommaso. "Leiðarvísir : its genre and sources : with particular reference to the description of Rome." Thesis, Durham University, 2012. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/6397/.

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This thesis examines Leiðarvísir, a medieval itinerary from Iceland to the Holy Land. The itinerary indicates stops and distances, but is also rich in significant information on the places along the route. Leiðarvísir has been attributed to the twelfth-century Abbot Nikulás of the Benedictine abbey of Munkaþverá in Iceland and the text has been considered to be a travel account based on the direct experiences gained by the abbot during a journey. An analysis, however, of all the datable termini present in the itinerary demonstrates that the attribution of the whole itinerary to Nikulás cannot be maintained. Having taken into consideration the most relevant criteria and definitions required to categorise a text as ‘travel writing’ and as a ‘travel account’, this thesis will then show that Leiðarvísir does not share any of the distinguishing genre features typical of a travel account, and that it should rather be classified as an impersonal guide. Finally, the thesis focuses on the description of Rome in Leiðarvísir, putting it in the context of other medieval descriptions of Rome. Not only does this contextualization make evident that the description of Rome is largely based on written sources, but it also proves that some of its details are incompatible with a twelfth-century dating and with its attribution to Nikulás. It emerges that Leiðarvísir is a work composed by an erudite scholar using written sources, and that it was probably successively enriched and updated with relevant information by one or more later scribes.

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Radwan, Mokhtar Sayed. "Nutritional studies on rabbits and rats with special reference to sources of dietary fibre." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.314765.

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Gelder, Michael Sean. "An investigation into the location of vibration sources with reference to structural condition monitoring." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.325564.

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Tolley, Rebecca. "Review of Sociology: A Guide to Reference and Information Sources, by Stephen H. Aby, James Nalen, and Lori Fielding." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2005. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5630.

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Saturnino, Diana. "Une méthode d’observatoires virtuels pour décrire les variations temporelles du champ géomagnétique et applications aux mesures de la mission Swarm." Nantes, 2015. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=181308db-f221-4fd6-84dc-ccfc2af8e6cd.

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A description of the temporal variations of the main geomagnetic field (i. E. , the secular variation, or SV) is crucial to the understanding of core dynamo generation. It is known with high accuracy at observatory locations, which are globally unevenly located, hampering the determination of a global pattern of these variations. Satellites have allowed global surveys of the field and its SV. Their data has been used by global spherical harmonic models using data selection criteria to reduce external contributions. SV small spatial scales may not be well described by these models, and can show significant errors compared to ground measurements. This study attempts to extract temporal variation time series from satellite measurements as it is done at observatory locations. We follow a Virtual Observatories (VO) approach, defining a global mesh of VOs at satellite altitude. We apply an Equivalent Source Dipole (ESD) technique. For each VO and a given time interval all measurements are reduced to a unique location, leading to time series similar to those available at the ground. Synthetic data is first used to validate the approach. We then apply our scheme to Swarm mission measurements. We locally compare the VO-ESD derived time series to ground observations and to satellite-based model predictions. The approach is able to describe field's time variations at local scales. The global mesh of VO time series is used to derive global spherical harmonic models. For a simple parametrization the model well describes the trend of the magnetic field both at satellite altitude and at the surface. Nevertheless more complex modelling can be made to properly profit of VO-ESD time series
La description des variations temporelles du champ géomagnétique (variation séculaire ou SV) est cruciale pour la compréhension de la dynamo. La SV est connue avec une grande précision dans les observatoires magnétiques, qui ont une répartition spatiale inégale. Les satellites donnent des observations globales du champ et de sa SV. Leurs données sont utilisées par les modèles globaux en harmoniques sphériques. Les petites échelles spatiales de la SV décrites par ces modèles peuvent montrer des erreurs par rapport aux mesures des observatoires. Dans cette étude je tente d'extraire des séries temporelles avec des mesures satellitaires comme dans les observatoires. L'approche des observatoires virtuels (VO) est suivie. Un maillage global de volumes à l'altitude du satellite est défini. Pour cela, la technique des Equivalent Source Dipoles (ESD) est appliquée. Pour chaque VO et intervalle de temps donné, toutes les mesures sont réduites à un endroit unique, menant à des séries temporelles similaires à celles disponibles dans les observatoires à la surface. L’approche est validée avec des donnes synthétiques et puis appliquée aux mesures de la mission Swarm. Les séries temporelles VO-ESD sont comparées à celles à la surface et aux prédictions par un modèle. L'approche décrit correctement les variations temporelles du champ à l'échelle locale. Un maillage global de VO est construit et utilisé pour obtenir des modèles globaux. Les modèles sont capables de décrire l'évolution du champ magnétique à la fois à l'altitude du satellite et à la surface. Toutefois des modélisations plus complexes pourront être faites pour profiter des séries temporelles VO-ESD

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Barber, Barbara Jill. "Sources for family history: a case study with particular reference to Wales, The Parrys of Lidiardau." Thesis, Aberystwyth University, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.493725.

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Al, Hamad Zaid Fayez. "The Architecture of the Mosque with reference to the early Practice (622-720) and Traditional Sources." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.491237.

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The mosque is the principal house of worship in Islam. Though pre-eminently a place of congregational prayer, it is also a focus for education and social interaction. This makes it the most significant building-type in Islamic architecture. Current practice, however, reveals considerable confusion over the design principles that are considered applicable and appropriate to the contemporary mosque. The aim of the current research is to help resolve his confusion through systematic study of historic mosque buildings and their components.

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Books on the topic "Reference sources"

1

United States. Bureau of the Census., ed. Reference sources. [Washington, D.C: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, 1992.

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United States. Bureau of the Census, ed. Reference sources. [Washington, D.C: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, 1992.

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Sweetland, James H. Fundamental reference sources. 3rd ed. Chicago: American Library Association, 2001.

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Edwin, Day Alan, and Lea Peter W, eds. The Reference sources handbook. 4th ed. London: Library Association, 1996.

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University of the Philippines. Institute of Library and Information Science., ed. Filipiniana reference sources database. Quezon City: University of the Philippines-Diliman, Institute of Library and Information Science, 2003.

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Jones, Barbara. Reference sources in education. 4th ed. [Lawrence, Kan: Publications Office, University of Kansas Libraries, 1995.

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Bakewell, K. G. B. Information sources and reference tools. 2nd ed. [London]: Society of Indexers, 1993.

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Library, Enoch Pratt Free. Reference sources: A brief guide. 9th ed. Baltimore, Md: The Library, 1988.

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Edinburgh's Telford College. Department of Library and Information Science., ed. Sources of information: Quick reference. [Edinburgh]: [Edinburgh's Telford College], 1997.

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Bakewell, K. G. B. Information sources and reference tools. London: Society of Indexers, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Reference sources"

1

Rigaut, F. "Astronomical Reference Sources." In Adaptive Optics for Astronomy, 163–74. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8265-0_10.

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Haefeli, Sara. "Sources and Reference Materials." In John Cage, 44–77. New York ; London : Routledge, 2018. | Series: Routledge music bibliographies: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315681238-3.

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Plassche, Rudy. "Voltage and current reference sources." In Integrated Analog-To-Digital and Digital-To-Analog Converters, 341–65. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2748-0_9.

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Eargle, John M. "Octave Band Spectral Amplitude Distribution, Music Sources." In Electroacoustical Reference Data, 334–37. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2027-6_161.

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Blažević, Ivica, Sabine Montaut, Franko Burčul, and Patrick Rollin. "Glucosinolates: Novel Sources and Biological Potential." In Reference Series in Phytochemistry, 3–60. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25462-3_1.

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Rothon, Roger. "Fillers from Organic Sources." In Polymers and Polymeric Composites: A Reference Series, 1–12. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-37179-0_22-1.

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Kozłowska, Aleksandra, and Dorota Szostak-Węgierek. "Flavonoids – Food Sources, Health Benefits, and Mechanisms Involved." In Reference Series in Phytochemistry, 1–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54528-8_54-1.

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"Reference Sources." In Life Insurance in Asia, 223–26. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119199069.app1.

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Matthews, Clifford. "Reference sources." In Aeronautical Engineer's Data Book, 235–42. Elsevier, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-075065125-7/50015-7.

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"Reference Sources." In Diagnostic Medical Parasitology, 1254–56. Washington, DC, USA: ASM Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/9781555819002.app6.

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Conference papers on the topic "Reference sources"

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Nikanenka, Siarhey, Evgenii Lutsenko, D. V. Scums, Mikalai Rzheutski, Aliaksandr Kreidzich, Viacheslav Dlugunovich, and Aliaksandr Danilchyk. "REFERENCE UV LED SOURCES." In CIE 2017 Midterm Meetings and Conference on Smarter Lighting for Better Life. International Commission on Illumination, CIE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.25039/x44.2017.po43.

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Sarmento, T., D. Wünderlich, U. Fantz, R. Friedl, D. Rauner, K. Tsumori, L. Shenjin, et al. "NIBS 2020 reference sheets." In SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON NEGATIVE IONS, BEAMS AND SOURCES (NIBS 2020). AIP Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0057732.

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Barrat, Catherine, and Sébastien Violleau. "Evaluating uniformity of IR reference sources." In SPIE Security + Defence, edited by Gary Kamerman, Ove Steinvall, Keith L. Lewis, and John D. Gonglewski. SPIE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2194770.

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Tombez, L., S. Schilt, G. Di Domenico, D. Hofstetter, and T. Südmeyer. "Active linewidth narrowing of a mid-IR quantum cascade laser without optical frequency reference." In Mid-Infrared Coherent Sources. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/mics.2013.mth4b.3.

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Johnson, Bart C., Carlos Melendez, Walid Atia, Peter Whitney, Dean Tipple, and Ed Mallon. "Temperature stabilized phase reference for MEMS based swept sources." In Optical Coherence Tomography and Coherence Domain Optical Methods in Biomedicine XXIII, edited by Joseph A. Izatt and James G. Fujimoto. SPIE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2508746.

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Nikanenka, Siarhey, Aleksandr Danilchyk, and Eugene Lutsenko. "COMPACT REFERENCE UV-LEDS SOURCES WITH CONICAL DIFFUSE REFLECTOR." In Proceedings of the 29th Quadrennial Session of the CIE. International Commission on Illumination, CIE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.25039/x46.2019.po100.

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Khoo, Chong Ling, Han Chin How, Wei Wei Lo, and Man On Wong. "Low cost clock cleaner solution for reference clock sources." In 2009 1st Asia Symposium on Quality Electronic Design (ASQED 2009). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/asqed.2009.5206273.

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Crosbie, Michael J., Neil T. Gordon, David J. Hall, Janet E. Hails, Christopher J. Little, Stuart C. Ashley, and Christopher Axcell. "Improved MWIR reference sources for FPA non-uniformity correction." In SPIE Defense, Security, and Sensing, edited by Bjørn F. Andresen, Gabor F. Fulop, and Paul R. Norton. SPIE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.853337.

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Samin, Susanna Tuniung Sunanti, and Kurnia Setiawan. "The synthesis and certification of in-house monazite sand certified reference materials (CRM)." In Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Ion Sources. Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5054552.

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Raad, Joe, Aurelie Bertaux, and Christophe Cruz. "A survey on how to cross-reference web information sources." In 2015 Science and Information Conference (SAI). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sai.2015.7237206.

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Reports on the topic "Reference sources"

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Sorvari, J. M. A Proposed Astronomical Reference Catalog of Infrared Sources. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada226757.

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Haffner, D. R., and A. J. Villelgas. Technology, safety, and costs of decommissioning a reference large irradiator and reference sealed sources. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/197174.

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Luecke, Janice, and Kelly L. Shipley. Cost Analysis Sources and Documents Data Base Reference Manual (Update). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada234485.

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Sauerwein, Kelly. Bitemark Analysis Reference List. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.8352sup4.

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This report provides supplemental information to NISTIR 8352 Bitemark Analysis: A NIST Scientific Foundation Review. Publicly available resources relating to bitemark analysis were collected to assist in the review of the scientific foundations of bitemark analysis conducted by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). Over 400 sources were collected from literature searches and input from previous efforts by the National Institute of Justice Forensic Technology Center of Excellence, the American Board of Forensic Odontology (ABFO), and other public resources. This reference list is meant as a resource for the odontology community and interested stakeholders but does not represent an exhaustive compilation of the literature pertaining to bitemark analysis.

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Knox, Sally, Kïrsten Way, and Alex Haslam. Are identity leadership and shared social identity associated with the highly reliable behaviour of military personnel? Protocol for a systematic review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.5.0063.

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Review question / Objective: Are identity leadership and shared social identity associated with the highly reliable behaviour of military personnel? Information sources: Searches will be conducted in the following databases: PsychInfo, Web of Sciences, Proquest Social Science Database, PTSDpubs, PubMed, Business Source Complete, and SCOPUS. To ensure literature saturation, the eligible papers and reviews identified through the search will be used for reference mining. A bibliography of the eligible papers will be circulated to the systematic review team and social identity experts identified by the team to ensure all relevant material has been captured.

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Yang, Xinwei, Xiali Xue, Jie Wang, Jianli Huang, Yihua Xu, and Xianbo Wu. Herbal medicine Xiao-Yao-San and acupuncture for the treatment of post-stroke depression: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.1.0085.

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Review question / Objective: The purpose of this study is to systematically review and meta-analyze the effectiveness and scientific basis of Xiao-Yao-San and acupuncture in the treatment of post-stroke depression, hoping to provide a reference for future research in this field. Information sources: The following electronic databases will be searched from inception to January 2022: PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, Scopus, EBSCO, Web of Science, Medline, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WanFang Data, Weipu Electronics. In addition, reference lists of the included studies were manually searched to identify additional relevant studies.

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Rogers, Katherine, Karina Lovell, Peter Bower, and Christopher Armitage. “What are Deaf sign language users’ experiences as patients in healthcare services?”: A scoping review protocol. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.1.0102.

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Review question / Objective: A scoping review with specific reference to the context of Deaf populations, in relation to Deaf people’s experience of health and mental health services, including the use of a questionnaire regarding their experience as a patient, is needed in order to assess and synthesise the current knowledge. As this is an exploratory type of review drawing on qualitative as well as quantitative work, the PICo approach Population, (Phenomena of) Interest and Context, will guide the question formulation. Following the identification of the gap in the existing systematic reviews and scoping searches concerning patient experience and Deaf people’s experience of using healthcare services, the research question is as follows: “What are Deaf sign language users’ experiences as patients in healthcare services?”. Information sources: The bibliographic databases that will be searched for this review will includes PsycINFO, PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Medline. Grey literature sources (e.g., policy, practice, and guideline documents), including contacting the relevant investigators working in the field of Deaf populations, will be searched for this review study. Forward citation sources, from the relevant reference lists, will also be searched to ensure the process is thorough.

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Zhu, Xian-Kui, Brian Leis, and Tom McGaughy. PR-185-173600-R01 Reference Stress for Metal-loss Assessment of Pipelines. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), August 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011516.

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This project focused on quantifying the reference stress to be used in predictive models for assessing the effects of metal loss on pipeline integrity. The results of this project will work in concert with the outcomes of project EC-2-7 that examined sources of scatter in metal-loss predictions with respect to the metal-loss defect geometry. The methodology for developing a new reference stress included empirical and finite element analyses along with comparison of full-scale experimental results that indicate the failure behavior of defect-free pipe has dependence on the strain hardening rate, n, of the pipe steel. Since the strain hardening rate is often unreported in qualification test records and mill certification reports, the development of a new reference stress will seek to include the utilization of the ratio of yield-to-tensile strength (Y/T) as a surrogate for n. This approach ideally would be insensitive to pipe grade, and thus, allow broad application of the reference stress without increasing scatter or bias across grade levels. This work also compared the resulting metal-loss criterion with the new reference stress relative to the B31G and Modified B31G models using a dataset of approximately 75 full-scale burst test results for test vessels containing isolated defects. This comparison was performed by C-FER Technologies under sub-contract to EWI and quantified the prediction bias and prediction variability of the new criterion relative to those widely in use.

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Chepeliev, Maksym. Development of the Air Pollution Database for the GTAP 10A Data Base. GTAP Research Memoranda, June 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21642/gtap.rm33.

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The purpose of this note is to document data sources and steps used to develop the air pollution database for the GTAP Data Base Version 10A. Emissions for nine substances are reported in the database: black carbon (BC), carbon monoxide (CO), ammonia (NH3), non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOC), nitrogen oxides (NOx), organic carbon (OC), particulate matter 10 (PM10), particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) and sulfur dioxide (SO2). The dataset covers four reference years – 2004, 2007, 2011 and 2014. EDGAR Version 5.0 database is used as the main data source. To assist with emissions redistribution across consumption-based sources, IIASA GAINS-based model and IPCC-derived emission factors are applied. Each emission flow is associated with one of the four sets of emission drivers: output by industries, endowment by industries, input use by industries and household consumption. In addition, emissions from land use activities (biomass burning) are estimated by land cover types. These emissions are reported separately without association with emission drivers.

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Mejía-Guerra, José Antonio. An Inventory of Poverty Lines for Latin America and the Caribbean: 1985-1997. Inter-American Development Bank, October 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008918.

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The tables in this document present an inventory of some of the available poverty lines for all IDB member countries in Latin America and the Caribbean. The listed poverty lines are expressed as per capita monthly amounts of nominal local currency and are estimated based on the reference (fieldwork) period of the survey to which they apply. For example, Mexico's INEGI poverty line for 1994 is given in pesos for the 4th quarter of 1994. The only exceptions are the IDB/Poverty Targeted Investments (PTI) poverty lines, which are estimated by using the yearly average of the general consumption price index so that their reference period is mid-year. The appendix presents a more detailed explanation of how the IDB/PTI poverty lines are estimated. In order to review the origin of the rest of the lines, the reader is referred to their original sources, which are listed after each table. All sources are included as footnotes to the tables.

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