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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Reflection of objects

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Academic literature on the topic 'Reflection of objects'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 13 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Reflection of objects"

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Жихарев, Л., and L. Zhikharev. "Reflection from Curved Mirrors in a Plane." Geometry & Graphics 7, no. 1 (April 8, 2019): 46–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5c9203adb22641.01479568.

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Reflection from a certain mirror is one of the main types of transformations in geometry. On a plane a mirror represents a straight line. When reflecting, we obtain an object, each point of which is symmetric with respect to this straight line. In this paper have been considered examples of reflection from a circle – a general case of a straight line, if the latter is defined through a circle of infinite radius. While analyzing a simple reflection and generalization of this process to the cases of such curvature of the mirror, an interesting phenomenon was found – an increase in the reflection dimension by one, that is, under reflection of a one-dimensional object from the circle, a two-dimensional curve is obtained. Thus, under reflection of a point from the circle was obtained the family of Pascal's snails. The main cases, related to reflection from a circular mirror the simplest two-dimensional objects – a segment and a circle at their various arrangement, were also considered. In these examples, the reflections are two-dimensional objects – areas of bizarre shape, bounded by sections of curves – Pascal snails. The most interesting is the reflection of two-dimensional objects on a plane, because the reflection is too informative to fit in the appropriate space. To represent the models of obtained reflections, it was proposed to move into three-dimensional space, and also developed a general algorithm allowing obtain the object reflection from the curved mirror in the space of any dimension. Threedimensional models of the reflections obtained by this algorithm have been presented. This paper reveals the prospects for further research related to transition to three-dimensional space and reflection of objects from a spherical surface (possibility to obtain four-dimensional and five-dimensional reflections), as well as studies of reflections from geometric curves in the plane, and more complex surfaces in space.

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Pulyaev, Valerii, Leonid Emelyanov, and Artem Miroshnikov. "The speed of movement of piece space objects along the Earth's surface and its determination using incoherent scatter radar." PHYSICS OF ATMOSPHERE AND GEOSPACE 1, no. 1 (December 31, 2020): 56–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.47774/phag.01.01.2020-5.

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Methodological features of registration and separation of coherent radar reflections from space objects and elements of “space debris” operating in orbit are considered. Registration occurs against the background of signals that are scattering of the probe radio wave on particles of the ionospheric plasma. Methods of how to obtain information about the components of the velocity vector of these objects in near-earth space with the help of specialized ground-based radar facilities are analyzed. Their disadvantage is the unreliable control of weak reflections from the elements of “space debris” if they have a small (up to centimeters) scattering cross section. The authors proposed to use the existing high-energy radar installations. Using the signals after the analog-to-digital conversion generated in quadrature, it is proposed to calculate the phase characteristics of the coherent reflection. The radial velocity of the objects along the radar beam is calculated by isolating the Doppler phase difference and statistically averaging these values in the time of reflection. Similarly, by analyzing the time spent in the radar beam, the velocity component associated with the horizontal movement along the Earth’s surface is calculated. Real examples are given, when in one of the observation sessions on the reflection of a signal from a space object, the phase shift in each of its periods is calculated, and then, using the formula, proposed by the authors, the vertical component of the velocity of this object is calculated. Analyzing the observation time of this object in the beam of the transmitter antenna, an example of the calculation and the component of its horizontal velocity is shown. The block diagram of the radar used to calculate the specified parameters of the movement of space objects is presented. The developed approach is an effective solution of many practical problems in those industries that ensure the operation of spacecraft, ensuring the safety of space stations, optimal placement of objects in orbit, etc. Keywords: Incoherent scatter radar, space objects, coherent reflection, signal phase characteristics, radial and horizontal speed

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Tomoyuki, Tanaka. "Actor reflection without meta-objects." ACM SIGPLAN OOPS Messenger 2, no. 2 (April 1991): 114–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/127070.127097.

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Baclig, Westover, and Adeeb. "Categorizing Three-Dimensional Symmetry Using Reflection, Rotoinversion, and Translation Symmetry." Symmetry 11, no. 9 (September 5, 2019): 1132. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym11091132.

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Symmetry is a property that has been widely examined clinically as a measurement of health and aesthetic appeal. Many current techniques that assess geometric symmetry rely on interpretation from a trained operator or produce two-dimensional measurements that cannot express the three-dimensional character of an object. In this article, we propose a comprehensive markerless method that describes an object’s symmetry using three types of fundamental symmetry, reflection, rotoinversion a combination of reflection and rotation and translation a process of reflection and rigid movement. This is done by mirroring an object over an arbitrary plane and aligning the mirrored image with the original object in a position that minimizes deviation between both objects. Each object’s symmetry can be displayed in two ways, numerically, with a best plane of symmetry or “Psym”, a fixed point and the mirrored objects rotation and magnitude of translation in relation to the original object, and visually, through a 3D deviation contour map. Three examples were made: Model 1 showed reflection symmetry and resulted in a standard deviation of 0.002 mm, Model 2 expressed rotoinversion symmetry and produced a standard deviation of 0.003 mm and Model 3 expressed translational symmetry which resulted in a translation magnitude difference of 0.015% with respect to model height. This simple procedure accurately recognizes reflection, rotoinversion and translation symmetry, takes minimal time and expertise and has the ability to expand previous case specific methods to a global application of symmetry analysis.

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Sheng, Hong, Fang Ju Li, and Yong Qin Liu. "Analysis for the Reflection of Objects in the Water Based on MATLAB." Advanced Materials Research 529 (June 2012): 125–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.529.125.

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The relationship between the length of the objects reflections on the water surface and the following factors including the spacing of objects and people，height of objects，observers’ height and the size of wave are discussed. According to the law of light reflection, a parametric equation is established among them. Secondly, the numerical solutions of the equation can obtained by MATLAB and draw the virtual image of the material point in the water. Besides, the objects reflection on the water surface with slight wave was simulated. Finally, a detailed qualitatively analysis for the relevant factors which affect the length of reflection are made and explains the physical phenomenon successfully.

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Tuzova, Tamara. "Kasdienė refleksija ir filosofo refleksijos radikalumas." Problemos 66, no. 1 (September 30, 2014): 127–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/problemos.2004.66.7250.

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The object of the investigation is the specificity of philosophical and everyday reflections, their interrelations. The author makes an attempt to reveal the invariant constitutive characteristics of the structure of the reflective space of philosophy, to define the sense of specific radicalism of philosophical reflection. The radicalism as effort and way to extend presence of us in one's own experience and as self-aware transformation of own experience which presuppose the unity of the factual and the due as possible (and necessary) for man is revealed. The variant of the “metaphysics of presence” of man in the objects and relations of his experience as the way of historical and logical identification of philosophical reflection is developed. The “metaphysics of presence” is introduced as common dimension of the intelligibility, which permits the author to compare competitive modes of reflection of human experience (reductive and nonreductive, deterministic and transcendental) and to interpret them as irreplaceable and mutually supplementary ways of broadening the limits of self-consciousness of human experience.

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Gaumond, Charles F., and Phillip B. Abraham. "Reflection tomography imaging of submerged objects." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 80, S1 (December 1986): S100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.2023499.

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Inkermann, D., M. Gürtler, and A. Seegrün. "RECAP – A FRAMEWORK TO SUPPORT STRUCTURED REFLECTION IN ENGINEERING PROJECTS." Proceedings of the Design Society: DESIGN Conference 1 (May 2020): 597–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dsd.2020.99.

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AbstractReflection is understood as an integral part of designing and design processes. Despite the high relevance and an ongoing discussion about agile engineering, we found that reflection is rarley established in industrial practice. There is a need for an approach structuring the wide range of levels, stakeholders, objects and timing of reflections. The introduced RECAP framework is an important step towards a guideline (heuristic) for reflection in engineering projects. Based on the four dimensions objectives, stakeholders, objects, and processes it supports structured planning of reflection.

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Jooste, E. T., and Glenda Cleaver. "Metaphors and Metaphoric Objects." Journal of Phenomenological Psychology 23, no. 2 (1992): 136–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156916292x00108.

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AbstractThis article reports on an exploratory study that used metaphoric objects as a therapeutic aid. During Rogerian therapy sessions, a metaphoric object was handed to clients. The metaphoric object was used as a reflection of an aspect of the client's being. The clients were asked to describe the effect the object had on them. The protocols obtained were subjected to a phenomenological analysis. The study indicates that metaphoric objects can be a useful therapeutic aid.

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Mint Mohamed Mostapha, Aye, Gamil Alsharahi, and Abdellah Driouach. "Study Effect of Objects Orientation in the Mediums On GPR Signal Reflections Using FDTD Simulation." European Journal of Engineering Research and Science 3, no. 11 (November 30, 2018): 73–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejers.2018.3.11.976.

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Ground penetrating radar (GPR) is a very effective tool for detecting and identifying objects below the ground surface. based on the propagation and reflection of high-frequency electromagnetic waves. The GPR reflection can be affected by many things like the type of objects orientation, their shapes ..ect. The purpose of this paper is to study by simulation the effect of objects orientation in two different mediums (dry and wet sand) on the GPR signal reflection using Reflexw software which is based on a numerical method known as finite difference in time domain (FDTD). The simulations that have been realized included a conductor and dielectric objects. The results obtained have led us to find that the propagation path, the reflection strength and the signal form change with the change of object orientation and nature. To confirm the validity of the results, we compared them with experimental results previously published by researchers under the same conditions.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Reflection of objects"

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Reis, Rubens Calipo. "X-Ray reflection around accreting compact objects." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609674.

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Simmert, Steve, and Erik Schäffer. "Interference reflection microscopy to visualize sub-diffraction limited objects in 3D." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-183633.

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Simmert, Steve, and Erik Schäffer. "Interference reflection microscopy to visualize sub-diffraction limited objects in 3D." Diffusion fundamentals 20 (2013) 75, S. 1, 2013. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A13662.

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Reynolds, John Melton. "Neutron diffraction and reflection studies of superconductors." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1998. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:bab01bde-f42e-41ca-830e-655d41499408.

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I have studied two magnetic properties of superconductors using different neutron scattering techniques. Due to their magnetic moment and lack of electrical charge, neutrons can provide an extremely sensitive probe into magnetism on a small scale. Unusual magnetic structures have previously been observed in the non-superconducting PrBa₂Cu₃O₆+_δ, in particular showing a coupling between the rare-earth and the Cu-O₂ planes. For comparison, I have used elastic neutron scattering to measure the temperature dependent magnetic structure of the high-T_c superconductor NdBa₂Cu₃O₇, and its nonsuperconducting reduced form NdBa₂Cu₃O₆. The magnetic structures of both the Nd and Cu sub-lattices are presented. Measurements are shown for single crystals of both the oxygenated and reduced form, and also for a non-stoichiometric single crystal with Nd substituted on the Ba sites. I present a quantitative analysis of the magnetic moments, with account taken of the instrumental resolution including sample mosaicity and intrinsic peak shapes. No evidence was found for any coupling of the type seen in PrBa₂Cu₃O₆+_δ. Many of the underlying properties of superconductors are evidenced in the way magnetic fields are excluded in the different states. I have used polarized neutron reflectometry to measure the magnetic field profile in thin film superconductors. I present measurements for pure niobium and preliminary measurements for YBa₂Cu₃O₇. The samples studied are much thicker than those previously measured, to provide a closer match to the bulk superconductor properties and allow meaningful measurements of the higher field states. For niobium, the applied field dependence is measured for fields covering the Meissner and mixed states, and models are compared for these states and the surface superconductivity state.

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Ma, Kun. "Neutron reflection study on surfactant systems at different interfaces." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:cb28975f-8321-4856-b768-6dacec4fb480.

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The interfacial behaviour of several surfactant mixtures containing zwitterionic surfactants has been studied employing surface tension measurements and neutron reflection experiments. The mixing of surfactants at air-liquid interface could not be well understood using the pesudophase approximation and the regular solution model. By introducing the expansion of excess free energy to analysis the surface tension and neutron reflection data simultaneously, it is found that the mixing deviates strongly from ideal and the excess free energy is asymmetric. It is observed that the presence of ionic surfactant at solid-liquid interface enhanced the adsorption of zwitterionic surfactants. The configuration of the surfactant molecule in the inner layer adjacent to the surface is invoked to explain the underlying mechanism. Maxima in the adsorption just above the CMC occurred at all three compositions studied for the mixed system SDS with dodecyl dimethylammonium propanesulfonate (DSB). The neutron reflection experiments suggest that the phenomenon may result in part from the mixture and in part from ion segregation in the micelles. Structural studies on a series of dodecyl dimethylammonium acetate with different inter-charge spacer revealed that the configuration of the surfactants changes dramatically as the headgroup gets larger. Combined with the higher pKa value, it is highly possible that the carboxybetaine with longer spacer is adsorbed in its undissociated form, and the headgroup is oriented towards the air. This configuration might explain why the saturated monolayer structure is favoured over the micellization.

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Török, P. "Development, theory and application of the reflection confocal scanning infra-red microscope." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1994. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:cf94a26c-aedc-46cc-b179-542627f59ccd.

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Czochralski (Cz) silicon wafers are used almost exclusively for the fabrication of VLSI devices. Such silicon contains excess oxygen which precipitates as oxide particles either when the initial ingot is grown or subsequently during the wafer device fabrication. Such oxide particles can produce reduced device performance or failure if they occur within the active device regions. However, they can be used to improve the device performance by a process known as internal oxide gettering. The wafers are given a series of preanneal treatments to produce controlled precipitation in which a surface zone of the wafer to a depth of typically in the range of 10 to 50 μm is denuded of oxide particles, while the remainder of the wafer contains large numbers of well formed particles. The devices are fabricated in the surface denuded zone and harmful contaminating metal impurities are attracted during the heat treatment stages away from the device regions to precipitate at the underlying oxide particles or their associated dislocations. In this way device yields can be significantly increased. Because of the importance of these oxide particles and the oxygen precipitation process for VLSI fabrication, considerable efforts have been made to develop methods to assess the numbers and distributions of such particles within the wafers. The number density range of most interest is 10⁷ to 10¹⁰ cm^-3, and the particle size range is typically 30 to 300 nm. The method that has mostly been used is surface etching followed by optical microscopy to obtain etch pit densities. Transmission electron microscopy is a research method used for obtaining detailed information concerning a small number of individual particles. However, because these methods are destructive, much attention has been given during the last few years to the development of infra-red microscopy methods to directly image the particles within the silicon wafers. Although the particles are smaller than the resolution of these methods, individual particles can nevertheless be imaged. This is because the particles are mostly further apart than the resolution limit, and the sensitivity can be sufficient high that adequate contrast occurs. The contrast arises from scattering or absorption of the light by the particle. Infra-red imaging methods developed include infra-red microscopy (IRM), laser scattering tomography (LST), optical precipitate profiler (OPP) and scanning infra-red microscopy (SIRM), all described more fully in Chapter 2. The SIRM has been developed and used to investigate a variety of semiconductor specimens in the Materials Department, Oxford University, during the last ten years. The SIRM has a good performance and flexibility making it especially suitable as a research instrument. Although all of these infra-red imaging methods have been successful to different degrees in assessing oxide particles in Cz silicon wafers, their performance has at least initially been assessed by comparing the number densities and distributions thus obtained with the corresponding results produced by etch pit studies. Furthermore, no serious attempt has yet been made to develop a rigorous theory of the imaging process and to compare the predictions with the experimental images. One of the main objectives of the present work is to do this or at least to make a significant start to such a project based on the SIRM. The outline of an ideal project which aims at a full understanding of the imaging process and the contrast mechanisms is as follows. The performance of the present Oxford SIRM should be improved and the number of imaging modes increased. The improved performance, i.e. better lateral and depth resolutions and higher sensitivity, would enable smaller particles and higher number densities to be imaged, and hence better quantitative data obtained. The larger number of imaging modes would enable the optimum method to be used to image different types of particle. A rigorous theory should be developed that can describe the imaging process and the contrast mechanisms. First, the illumination system should be studied, and in particular the structure of the focussed probe within the specimen and how the structure changes on focussing deeper into the specimen. Second, the interaction of the light with the specimen should be investigated and especially how light is scattered by individual oxide particles in silicon for the case of the particle size being smaller than the light wavelength. Third, the detection system should be considered. For example, for the reflection confocal SIRM, how the light back scattered by the particles is collected by the probe forming lens and imaged at a pin-hole aperture placed in the front of the detector. Well designed experiments are required to determine the imaging properties of the different modes and comparisons should be made between the experimental and theoretical data. The successful conclusion of such a project would enable SIRM images of the particles to be more fully interpreted and hence more detailed information obtained concerning the particles. Furthermore, the images expected from different types of particle could be more closely predicted, e.g. whether they are detectable or not, and hence materials projects could be better planned at the outset. In this thesis we describe the methods that are presently being used to assess oxide particles in bulk silicon (Chapter 2). We review the literature on scanning optical microscopy covering both visible and infra-red light, present some considerations regarding the design of a high performance and versatile SIRM, and describe the various microscope modes that have been or could be used to image particles in semiconductors with infra-red light (Chapter 3). We give a detailed rigorous theoretical analysis of the energy distributions in the probe for the case when the light is focussed by a high numerical aperture lens from air into silicon (Chapters 4, 5). Numerically computed distributions are obtained to illustrate how the probe changes under different conditions, e.g. different focussing depths (Chapter 6). The relationship between the penetration depth of the probe and the spherical aberration coefficient arising from the silicon specimen is determined (Chapter 7). The classical theory of light scattering is applied to individual spherical silicon dioxide particles embedded in silicon. Numerical results are presented and a contrast mechanism is proposed to describe how the scattered intensity depends on particle size (Chapter 8). A formal solution relevant to the reflection confocal SIRM is given to treat the backward propagation of light using a model which takes into account the polarisation state of the incident light, the spherical aberration introduced by the silicon wafer, the polarisation state of the scattered light and the size of the pin-hole (Chapter 9). Experimental results are obtained for most of the imaging modes described in Chapter 3, specimens being selected so that the wide range of the imaging capabilities of the SIRM is shown, and experimental contrast values are compared with theoretical values (Chapter 10). Finally, overall conclusions are drawn and suggestions are made for completing the work started here (Chapter 11).

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Kuorelahti, J. (Juri). "On the motion of objects immersed in Fermi liquids." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2019. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526223056.

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Abstract Interacting many-body problems are central to most fields of physics. In condensed matter physics, the systems of interest consists of a number of bodies on the order of Avogadro's constant, ~10²³. The precise modeling of such systems is usually impossible. Under certain circumstances however, even these problems can become tractable. One such circumstance is that of a Fermi liquid. At sufficiently low temperatures, in describing the dynamics of a system of interacting fermions, it is possible to forgo description of the fermions themselves, and instead concentrate on the collective excitations of the entire fermion system. These collective excitations are called quasiparticles. In this thesis we study two phenomena related to the motion of objects in a Fermi liquid. First, we study the transmission of transverse oscillations through a thin film of normal Fermi liquid. The dynamics of normal Fermi liquid are described by Landau's Fermi liquid theory. Landau's theory predicts the existence of new modes of sound under conditions where sound ordinarily would not propagate. Using the equations of motion for the Fermi liquid quasiparticles, we calculate the linear response of a Fermi liquid film to the transverse oscillations of a planar substrate under a wide range of conditions. We present the linear response in terms of the film's acoustic impedance and study the effects of quasiparticle collisions and of the Fermi liquid interactions. The second phenomenon we study is the supercritical motion of a wire in a superfluid Fermi liquid. The prevailing assumption is that if the velocity of an object moving in a superfluid Fermi liquid surpasses a characteristic critical velocity, the object experiences a sudden onset of viscous forces. This viscosity is caused by the escape of quasiparticles, produced by pair breaking on the surface of the object, into the surrounding superfluid. We study Andreev reflection of the quasiparticles by the surrounding superfluid flow field, and modifications to the flow caused by pair breaking, as possible mechanisms for low-dissipation motion above the critical velocity
Original publications The original publications are not included in the electronic version of the dissertation. Kuorelahti, J. A., Tuorila, J. A., & Thuneberg, E. V. (2016). Fermi liquid theory applied to a film on an oscillating substrate. Physical Review B, 94(18). https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.94.184103 Kuorelahti, J. A., & Thuneberg, E. V. (2018). Two-parameter boundary condition applied to transverse acoustic impedance of a Fermi liquid. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 969, 12010. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/969/1/012010 http://jultika.oulu.fi/Record/nbnfi-fe2018060425173 Kuorelahti, J. A., Laine, S. M., & Thuneberg, E. V. (2018). Models for supercritical motion in a superfluid Fermi liquid. Physical Review B, 98(14). https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.98.144512 http://jultika.oulu.fi/Record/nbnfi-fe2018112148794

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Maccari, Neto Alfredo. "Análise de ocorrência de metamerismo em revestimentos cerâmicos." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/28929.

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Um dos problemas técnicos que ocorrem nos revestimentos cerâmicos é a possibilidade de duas peças serem da mesma cor sob a luz do dia, mas de cores diferentes sob outra iluminação. Tal fenômeno é chamado metamerismo. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo realizar um estudo sobre a influência de variáveis do processo de fabricação de revestimentos cerâmicos na ocorrência do fenômeno de metamerismo, tendo como objeto de estudo uma peça monoporosa de esmalte branco-brilhante, e um porcelanato mate. Para tanto, avaliou-se o efeito da variação de iluminante, correlacionado com as seguintes características dos revestimentos cerâmicos investigados: i) tipologia de esmalte; ii) base, engobe esmaltes; iii) variação de camada; iv) utilização de quartzo, caulim e zirconita; v) variação de corantes. Os resultados mostraram que esmaltes, como o branco-brilhante, se destacam no aparecimento da característica metamérica, tanto mais quanto mais espessa a camada. Já, quando se aumenta a camada do mate, este fenômeno ameniza. A zirconita, por ser um opacificante, ameniza a reflexão da luz, gerando uma diminuição do metamerismo. O quartzo promove o metamerismo, já que influencia no aparecimento do brilho. Quanto aos corantes, pigmentos que amenizam o reflexo da luz, como o preto e cinza, possuem um valor metamérico baixo, já pigmentos que tendem ao reflexo maior da luz, promovem o metamerismo. Com base nisso, o suporte do porcelanato esmaltado que se apresenta em uma base cinza, possui um valor metamérico menor que a base da monoporosa, que possui uma cor bege. Ficou evidenciada a influência das curvas espectrais e do reflexo no aparecimento do metamerismo, podendo ser um ponto crucial para que empresas trabalhem em cima deste problema, a fim de ser um diferencial para seus clientes no mercado competitivo como o de hoje.
One of several problems that occur in ceramic tiles, is the possibility that two objects are the same color in the light of day, but of different colors in a different light. This phenomenon, in which two colors are similar under a light source but different under another, is called metamerism. Seeking a study on this phenomenon was analyzed the influence of some variables on the metamerism in a white enamel-bright monoporosity, and a matte porcelain. Some of the variables selected for the study of the influence of the media, and enamel on engobe metamerism, the addition of opacifier material, in suspension and bright enamels in different percentages, the analysis with the addition of pure colors and mixtures of the same in glazes; variations in the enamel layer, among other factors. Before, it was noticed that the enamel provide a high spectral curve, ie, materials that reflect the highly light, tend to influence the onset of this phenomenon. Thus, materials that influence the formation of brightness as quartz help this phenomenon to emerge since opacifying materials that have the feature to break it brightness, ie, which have lower spectral curves, decreases the appearance of this phenomenon. In the matter of color is the same as explained above, ie, pigments that mitigate the reflection of light as the black and gray, have a low value metameric because colors tend to reflect more light, raise this value. On this basis, the support of porcelain enamel that comes in on a gray metameric has a value less than the base of monoporosity, which has a beige color. Having knowledge of these factors, it is clear the influence of spectral curves and reflex formed by these variables in the emergence of this phenomenon and may be a crucial point for companies to work upon this problem, in order to be a differentiator for its customers in competitive market which is today.

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Chaudhury, Suman. "Marine geophysical studies of the southern margins of the Iberian Peninsula." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1999. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:1ee8721f-9324-48bd-8d57-b645e02d75fd.

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A wide variety of tectonic settings are juxtaposed at the southern margins of the Iberian Peninsula. The regional geology comprises an Atlantic passive margin in western Iberia, the convergent eastern part of the Azores-Gibraltar plate boundary zone between Africa and Eurasia, and an orogenic arc (the Betic-Rif mountains) surrounding an extensional basin (the Alboran Sea). The complex tectonic history of the southern Iberian margins is recorded in its sediments and structure, and these were investigated in this study using multichannel seismic reflection techniques in conjunction with other marine geophysical data. Multichannel seismic reflection and well data from the Gulf of Cadiz have shown that the earliest sediments are Triassic evaporites, followed by Jurassic carbonates, which form rotated fault blocks in the Gulf of Cadiz. Backstripping and thermal modelling has indicated that a rifting event took place in the Late Jurassic, which stretched the crust by ~20-50%. Gravity modelling, and mapping of stretching factors, has suggested that two zones of thinning underlie the Gulf of Cadiz, which are related to the original rifting event. Backstripped subsidence curves indicate passive margin thermal subsidence until the Miocene, when westward-directed thrusting and loading from the Betic-Rif mountain belt is reflected in a typical foreland basin tectonic subsidence signature of accelerated subsidence with time. A giant, chaotic body of allochthonous sediment was emplaced into the central Gulf of Cadiz as westward migration of the Gibraltar Arc led to oversteepening of the margin west of the Gibraltar Straits, while the Alboran Sea was simultaneously undergoing active extension. These allochthonous deposits are composed mainly of Triassic evaporites and Palaeogene shales. In the Gulf of Cadiz and Seine Abyssal Plains this body has the appearance of an accretionary wedge, but a 300 km long northern lobe of the body extends into the Horseshoe Abyssal Plain. This lobe is interpreted as being a cumulative mass wasting feature, formed by the gravity-driven downslope transport of large allochthonous masses as debris flows and slides and slumps, encouraged by a regional gradient and a pre-existing trough in the Horseshoe Abyssal Plain. The total volume of sediments involved was of the order of 72 000 km 3 , and the time of emplacement has been estimated as being Tortonian on the basis of seismic correlation with core data at DSDP site 135. This chaotic unit has formed a series of longitudinal diapiric ridges in the northern Gulf of Cadiz, which have been interpreted to act as a transport system for gas generated in the lower slope area to migrate to the upper slope where gas-related features are seen. Gas hydrates are present beneath the lower continental slope, as inferred from a bottom-simulating reflection on seismic reflection profiles.

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Fournier, Charlotte. "The spatial organization of the epidermal growth factor receptor on the surface of colorectal carcinoma cells." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:350ade6e-514c-4b1d-98b9-7d440620c9a7.

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The discovery of the existence of the cell membrane has led to a search for its organization on a molecular scale. The advent of artificial lipid bilayers and the development of electron microscopy in the 1930's provided direct visual evidence for the existence of the cell membrane and drove forward models of membrane structure based its known composition of proteins, lipids and carbohydrates. The fluid mosaic model of membrane structure, based on thermo- dynamics and newly developed protein structural studies of the time, placed integral globular membrane proteins within a fluid phospholipid bilayer. This model allowed for the association of proteins into groups and the possible mobility of proteins within the lipid bilayer. At the the same time fluorescence microscopy demonstrated movement of proteins in the plane of the lipid bilayer. Since then experimental techniques have been developed that show protein complexes of varying sizes do exist and so this gives us the opportunity to ask how receptor proteins fit into the molecular organization of the cell membrane. This thesis presents an investigation into how the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) organizes in the cell membrane of colorectal carcinoma cells. First a new cell line for studying the receptor by stably expressing the epidermal growth factor receptor conjugated to enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFR-eGFP) in SW620 cells was developed. This is an interest- ing cell line because it originates from a colonic adenocarcinoma that during the process of metastasis has lost the ability to express the EGFR. It therefore provided an environment for the expression of the fluorescent form of the receptor more in keeping with its natural environment. The technique of total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy was used to visualize the fluorescently tagged receptor in the cell membrane. This technique uses the principles of total internal reflection to excite fluorescence in molecules located only 100 nm into the cell. Because sources of fluorescence from outside the illuminated area are minimized individual fluorescent molecules can be imaged. The spots in the images, produced by the fluorophores, were detected using a single molecule detection and tracking algorithm. The intensities of these detected spots were analysed and compared with that from a single molecule of enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP). This gave an estimate of the number of receptors contained within each receptor complex. Before ligand binding most of the receptors were found to be located in complexes containing up to eight molecules and most frequently they were found in complexes of two molecules. Larger complexes of receptors were found to have formed after activation of the receptor by its ligand.

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Books on the topic "Reflection of objects"

1

Lockhart, Annie. Objects of reflection. Cincinnati, Ohio: North Light Books, 2010.

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Zuni fetishes: Using Native American objects for meditation, reflection, and insight. [San Francisco]: HarperSanFrancisco, 1993.

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Common objects of love: Moral reflection and the shaping of community : The 2001 Stob lectures. Grand Rapids, Mich: William B. Eerdmans Pub., 2002.

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Urry, Claudia Megan. Final status report, testing the pairs-reflection model with X-ray spectral variability and X-ray properties of complete samples of radio-selected BL lacertae objects: NASA grant NAG5-2510 : period covered: February 1994 through May 1997. [Washington, D.C: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1997.

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Lerner, Rokelle. The object of my affection is in my reflection. Deerfield Beach, Fla: Health Communications, 2009.

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Randle, Kevin D. Reflections of a UFO investigator. San Antonio: Anomalist Books, 2012.

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Gary, Winship, and United Kingdom Council for Psychotherapy, eds. Attachment and new beginnings: Reflections on psychoanalytic therapy. London: Karnac Books, 2010.

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Dagger blessing: The Tibetan Phurpa cult : reflections and materials. Delhi: B.R. Pub. Corp., 1987.

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R, Saunders William, ed. The Martian codex: More reflections from Mars. Berkeley, Calif: North Atlantic Books, 2009.

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Haas, George J. The Martian codex: More reflections from Mars. Berkeley, Calif: North Atlantic Books, 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "Reflection of objects"

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Tisato, Francesco, Andrea Savigni, Walter Cazzola, and Andrea Sosio. "Architectural Reflection Realising Software Architectures via Reflective Activities." In Engineering Distributed Objects, 102–15. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45254-0_10.

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Pirsig, Robert M. "Subjects, Objects, Data and Values." In Einstein Meets Magritte: An Interdisciplinary Reflection, 79–98. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4704-0_5.

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Tan, Robby T., and Katsushi Ikeuchi. "Separating Reflection Components of Textured Surfaces using a Single Image." In Digitally Archiving Cultural Objects, 353–84. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-75807_17.

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Bray, L., J. P. Arcangeli, and P. Sallé. "Experimenting reflection for programming concurrent objects scheduling strategies." In High-Performance Computing and Networking, 1227–30. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0100696.

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Park, Hanhoon, Jong-Il Park, and Sang Hwa Lee. "Image-Based Relighting of Moving Objects with Specular Reflection." In Image Analysis and Processing – ICIAP 2005, 519–26. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11553595_64.

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Chen, Xin, Yilun Shao, Di He, and Wenxian Yu. "Reflection Objects Sensing and Localization with GNSS Multipath Signals." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 203–14. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-3146-7_20.

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Artyukov, I. A., A. N. Mitrofanov, A. V. Popov, N. L. Popov, and A. V. Vinogradov. "Theory and computation towards coherent reflection imaging of tilted objects." In Springer Proceedings in Physics, 329–40. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1186-0_37.

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Artyukov, I. A., A. S. Busarov, N. L. Popov, and A. V. Vinogradov. "X-Ray Reflection Imaging of Inclined and Obliquely Illuminated Objects." In Springer Proceedings in Physics, 243–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73025-7_36.

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Tarau, Paul. "Fluents: A Refactoring of Prolog for Uniform Reflection and Interoperation with External Objects." In Computational Logic — CL 2000, 1225–39. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-44957-4_82.

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Yan, Lei, Bin Yang, Feizhou Zhang, Yun Xiang, and Wei Chen. "Remote Sensing of Ground Objects 2: Multispectral Chemical Characteristics of Surface Polarization Reflection." In Polarization Remote Sensing Physics, 67–100. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2886-6_3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Reflection of objects"

1

Tomoyuki, Tanaka. "Actor reflection without meta-objects." In the workshop. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/127056.127097.

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Miniutti, Giovanni, Ye-Fei Yuan, Xiang-Dong Li, and Dong Lai. "X-ray reflection: spectra and variability in accreting black holes." In ASTROPHYSICS OF COMPACT OBJECTS: International Conference on Astrophysics of Compact Objects. AIP, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2840413.

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Berginc, Gérard. "Laser scattering from arbitrarily shaped large objects with randomly rough surfaces." In Reflection, Scattering, and Diffraction from Surfaces VI, edited by Leonard M. Hanssen. SPIE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2320108.

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Karas, Oleksandr V., Natalia I. Zabolotna, Serhii V. Pavlov, and Vladyslava V. Sholota. "Processing and analysis of images in the multifunctional classification laser polarimetry system of biological objects." In Reflection, Scattering, and Diffraction from Surfaces VI, edited by Leonard M. Hanssen. SPIE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2320209.

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Zhang, Pingping, Wei Liu, Huchuan Lu, and Chunhua Shen. "Salient Object Detection by Lossless Feature Reflection." In Twenty-Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-18}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2018/160.

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Salient object detection, which aims to identify and locate the most salient pixels or regions in images, has been attracting more and more interest due to its various real-world applications. However, this vision task is quite challenging, especially under complex image scenes. Inspired by the intrinsic reflection of natural images, in this paper we propose a novel feature learning framework for large-scale salient object detection. Specifically, we design a symmetrical fully convolutional network (SFCN) to learn complementary saliency features under the guidance of lossless feature reflection. The location information, together with contextual and semantic information, of salient objects are jointly utilized to supervise the proposed network for more accurate saliency predictions. In addition, to overcome the blurry boundary problem, we propose a new structural loss function to learn clear object boundaries and spatially consistent saliency. The coarse prediction results are effectively refined by these structural information for performance improvements. Extensive experiments on seven saliency detection datasets demonstrate that our approach achieves consistently superior performance and outperforms the very recent state-of-the-art methods.

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Geng, J., and K. Thomas. "Reflection of Blast Waves Off Cylindrical Pipes." In ASME 2007 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2007-26692.

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In this paper, the interaction between a blast wave and an array of cylindrical objects (pipe or vessel) has been numerically investigated to evaluate blast load distribution around the objects. It was found that the interaction leads to a blast focusing within the gap between two adjacent pipes, and that the focused overpressure may exceed a fully reflected overpressure. This paper examines the effects of a combination of the arrangement of pipes (diameter, gap distance) and incident blast wave characteristic parameters (positive phase duration) on the focusing phenomena and the resultant blast load distribution.

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Kadu, Ajinkya, Hassan Mansour, Petros T. Boufounos, and Dehong Liu. "Reflection Tomographic Imaging of Highly Scattering Objects Using Incremental Frequency Inversion." In ICASSP 2019 - 2019 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2019.8682393.

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Akbar, H., and N. S. Herman. "Removal of highlights in dichromatic reflection objects using segmentation and inpainting." In 2016 International Conference on Robotics, Automation and Sciences (ICORAS). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icoras.2016.7872632.

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Gerasimenko, I. V., and A. S. Rydchenko. "Reflection of culture in American political discourse." In XXV REGIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE STUDENTS, APPLICANTS AND YOUNG RESEARCHERS. Знание-М, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.38006/907345-63-8.2020.128.134.

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The article examines certain phenomena, concepts, objects that are inherent in the cultures of different peoples, they are associated with clear historical, geographical, socio-political and other conditions of their existence. The authors analyzed the pre-election, inaugural and post-election types of political speeches of Donald Trump and Barack Obama and described the features of the manifestation of cultural values in the speeches of these politicians. An analysis of the material shows that the speeches of political figures directly reflect the cultural values of the people.

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Coe, Joseph, and Scott Brandenberg. "CPT‐Based Ultrasonic Probe for P‐Wave Reflection Imaging of Embedded Objects." In Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems 2011. Environment and Engineering Geophysical Society, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4133/1.3614143.

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Reports on the topic "Reflection of objects"

1

Zinenko, Olena. THE SPECIFICITY OF INTERACTION OF JOURNALISTS WITH THE PUBLIC IN COVERAGE OF PUBLIC EVENTS ON SOCIAL TOPICS. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.49.11056.

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Consideration of aspects of the functioning of mass media in society requires a comprehensive approach based on universal media theory. The article presents an attempt to consider public events in terms of a functional approach to understanding the media, proposed by media theorist Dennis McQuayl in the theory of mass communication. Public events are analyzed, on the one hand, as a complex object of journalistic reflection and, on the other hand, as a situational media that examines the relationship of agents of the social and media fields in the space of communication interaction. Taking into account philosophical approaches to the interpretation of the concept of event, considering its semantic spectrum, specificity of use and synonyms in the Ukrainian language, a working definition of the concept of public event is given. Based on case-analysis of public events, In accordance with the functions of the media the functions of public events are outlined. This is is promising for the development of study on typology of public events in the context of mass communication theory. The realization of the functions of public events as situational media is illustrated with such vivid examples of cultural events as «Gogolfest» and «Book Forum in Lviv». The author shows that a functional approach to understanding public events in society and their place in the space of mass communication, opens prospects for studying the role of media in reflecting the phenomena of social reality, clarifying the presence and quality of communication between media producers and media consumers.

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Merkulova, Yuliya. Система цифровых моделей - новая технология для баланса данных. Yuliya Merkulova, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/er0430.26042021.

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Use of the digital technologies is new and very productive approach for balance of different data. It is very important for balance of supply and demand and for increase of competitiveness of products. Various types of digital models were developed as a result of scientific research, they found reflection in article. Digital models for the description of the list of the sequences of steps and operations of various stages and process in general allow to install system of interrelations between operations and steps and to reach necessary log-ic, increase of effectiveness of any process. Object-relational models for establishment of communications between data of various blocks of databases and functional models of the choice of strategy of data balance form analytical base for justification of the choice of the direction of transformation of data. Models of a combination of a plurality of various data of the offer of products in the form of matrixes of multi-purpose optimization have double effect, because they allow not only to develop various options of data combina-tion, taking into account opportunities of change of location of products over the markets and temporary phases, but also to estimate aggregate useful effect from products. These models together with models of comparison of various options and the choice of optimal solutions allow to generate compatible strategic and current programs of the offer of products as a plurality of the output data balanced with each other and with data of demand. It is providing the best synergetic result. The developed methodology of creation of system of the interconnected digital models for transformation of data and generation of the output data of the situational-strategic program of the offer of products is a cornerstone of formation of new digital econ-omy – of economy of balanced data.

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Mayas, Magda. Creating with timbre. Norges Musikkhøgskole, August 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.22501/nmh-ar.686088.

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Unfolding processes of timbre and memory in improvisational piano performance This exposition is an introduction to my research and practice as a pianist, in which I unfold processes of timbre and memory in improvised music from a performer’s perspective. Timbre is often understood as a purely sonic perceptual phenomenon. However, this is not in accordance with a site-specific improvisational practice with changing spatial circumstances impacting the listening experience, nor does it take into account the agency of the instrument and objects used or the performer’s movements and gestures. In my practice, I have found a concept as part of the creating process in improvised music which has compelling potential: Timbre orchestration. My research takes the many and complex aspects of a performance environment into account and offers an extended understanding of timbre, which embraces spatial, material and bodily aspects of sound in improvised music performance. The investigative projects described in this exposition offer a methodology to explore timbral improvisational processes integrated into my practice, which is further extended through collaborations with sound engineers, an instrument builder and a choreographer: -experiments in amplification and recording, resulting in Memory piece, a series of works for amplified piano and multichannel playback - Piano mapping, a performance approach, with a custom-built device for live spatialization as means to expand and deepen spatio-timbral relationships; - Accretion, a project with choreographer Toby Kassell for three grand pianos and a pianist, where gestural approaches are used to activate and compose timbre in space. Together, the projects explore memory as a structural, reflective and performative tool and the creation of performing and listening modes as integrated parts of timbre orchestration. Orchestration and choreography of timbre turn into an open and hybrid compositional approach, which can be applied to various contexts, engaging with dynamic relationships and re-configuring them.

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Stelmakh, Marta. HISTORICAL CONTEXT IN THE COLLECTION OF ARTICLES BY TIMOTHY SNYDER «UKRAINIAN HISTORY, RUSSIAN POLITICS, EUROPEAN FUTURE». Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.50.11098.

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The article examines the problem of the image formation of Ukraine in the international arena in the historical journalism of Timothy Snyder. The subject of the research is the historical context in the journalistic collection «Ukrainian History, Russian Politics, European Future». It identifies the main considerations of the author on the past of Russian-Ukrainian relations and the need to develop historical consciousness in the fight against Russian manipulation. Methodology: the comparative, historical, system analysis and other methods are used in the process of scientific research. The results of the study were obtained by analysing the author’s journalistic works and by considering the main historical themes raised by Timothy Snyder. Main results: The historical context in Timothy Snyder’s journalism is often focused on the Holodomor and the events of World War II. After all, these events are connected with the beginning of the image formation of the Ukrainian people as supporters of Nazism by the Russian authorities and the devaluation of the Ukrainians’ contribution to the establishment of peace during the Second World War. It is determined that the non-reflective attitude to history, the inability to draw parallels between the events of the past and the future leads to an ineffective response to manipulation and propaganda, which can threaten world peace. Conclusions: the realization that Russian aggression against Ukraine has its own history is a necessary aspect in the elucidation of this issue. The Eurasian Union and cooperation with the European far-right are Russian propaganda tools that discredit the Ukrainian state in the world community. Publicist Timothy Snyder points out that Europe’s future interconnects with the past, so he emphasizes the need to study and rethink history, which today has become the object of propaganda and manipulation. Significance: The results of our study will help journalists who study the historical aspect of journalistic materials and research foreign materials on Ukrainian issues. In addition, our research is necessary for Ukraine, because Russia’s aggression continues, as well as the aggressor’s propaganda, which is based on the distortion and falsification of historical events.

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