Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Réflexion et conversion de modes'
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Wilkie-Chancellier, Nicolas. "Réflexion et conversion d'une onde de Lamb à l'extrémité biseautée d'une plaque." Phd thesis, Université du Havre, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00006282.
Full textHamitouche, Zahia. "Études expérimentales et numériques de la propagation dans des guides d'onde à section linéairement variable." Le Havre, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LEHA0003.
Full textThe aim of this work is to provide the experimental and numerical results on the behaviour of a Lamb wave in duraluminium elastic waveguides. These waveguides include an area of linearly varying section, located between two areas of constant thickness of 2 mm and 5 mm. These waveguides are only differing by the slope of their varying section domain. Several phenomena were observed : the adiabaticity of the Lamb modes in the area of varying section, the reflexion of an incident Lamb mode when it reaches its thickness cut-off in the varying section area and its transmission outside this zone by tunnel effect. The experimental and numerical results obtained show the existence of adiabatic waves in all the studied guides. In particular, the amplitude of normal displacements of the adiabatic S0 mode on the plane surface varies according to the thickness and shows a number of resonances located in this zone. The number and the positions of resonances are strongly depending of the varying section slope. If the same mode is propagated towards the decreasing thicknesses in a waveguide of strong slope, a transmission of this incident wave is observed at the end of the varying section domain into other modes. When the Lamb modes having cut-off are propagated towards the decreasing thicknesses, a reflexion at their thickness cut-off is observed. Nevertheless, a small part of their energy is transmitted by tunnel effect into other Lamb modes in the thinner part of the waveguide. The energy of the transmitted modes have been measured and represents a maximum of 2% of the energy of the incident mode. In addition, the varying section area shows a phenomenon of frequency filtering for the Lamb modes having cut-off. The experimental results are in good agreement with the numerical results. The numerical study allowed the obtention of a reliable predictive model and helped to highlight the physical meaning of the observed phenomenon
Wilkie-Chancellier, Nicolas. "Réflexion et conversion d'une onde de Lamb à l'extémité biseautée d'une plaque." Le Havre, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LEHA0006.
Full textThis study deals with the Lamb wave interaction on a bevel. The aim is to identify the different reflected modes which exist when a wave is incident on the bevelled end of a plate and to evaluate the respective energy of each mode. In a first time, the study is experimentally realised on a stainless steel plate. Energy balances are performed from the displacement measurements on the surface by laser interferometry. They are corrected to take into account wave diffraction. A theoretical model, based on a modal decomposition, is also done in order to justify the previous results. Computations of the energy reflection coefficients have been realised when the A0, S0 and A1 Lamb modes are incident on plate ends bevelled from 65 to 90°, for a frequency-thickness product included between 1 and 4 MHz mm. The quantitative balances obtained by this method agree with the experimental results. The theoretical computation reveals the importance of "complex modes" at the plate extremity. A finite element simulation confirms their effect on the reflections and allows to evaluate the distance from the bevel where the reflected Lamb waves are alone. Finally, a study is done to know the influence of a bevel on the "edge mode" behaviour - the "edge mode" is a particular phenomenon which appears in a narrow frequency band when the S0 Lamb mode is incident
Civiale-Santraille, Anne-Christine. "Réflexion sur les différents modes de regroupement de professions juridiques." Thesis, Pau, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PAUU2048/document.
Full textHave lawyers solicitors and bailiffs the structural ways to group together while maintaining their specificities?Such is the stake in a certain reflection on the various modes of regroupement of law occupations. Because these professionals have different but complementary functions and certainly compatible statutes in view of their common denominator which is the regulations of their occupations. The heart of their jobs lives for each in the respect for strict rules - in particular of a business ethics - and the service to the customers.The classic structures that are the groupings of people as the association, the civil society of ways, or the economic interest group, can correspond to a first objective of pooling of ways, but real societies of capital were put at the disposal of law occupations to favor their growth, by the creation of the societies of liberal exercise in 1990, then the real holding companies that are the societies of financial participation of liberal professions in 2001, and finally pluriprofessionnelles societies of exercise in 2015.The legislative evolution on the subject was long and finally hesitating so much the role of law occupations is far from trade. The legislator attempted since 1990 to protect the independence of the professionals of the right, but little by little, the necessary bolts broke to give way to a financial opening and of exercise today which seems unsuitable for the respect for the gasoline of these occupations.The recurring will to constitute a " big profession of the law " or a unified profession did not succeed, but tools have just been given without "instructions for use" to reach insidiously that the finance encourages the birth of a unique profession on behalf of a grouping necessary for the survival of the structures. The interprofessionalism is underway, but at what price ?
Nonnon, Élisabeth. "Mouvements discursifs et modes de réflexion en commun dans des discussions d'adolescents en échec scolaire." Paris 5, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA05H031.
Full textOn the basis of corpus of sem-free discussions recorded in school environment among adolescents of teaching classes, bearing on situations and notions in connection with their own social experience, it is attempted to analyze the original modalities of discourse activity and certain non-formal procedures of common reflexion implilmented in spontaneaous verbal interactions. This analysis lies within the framework of a more general reflexion on the norm, on the necessity of diversiphing the usual indicators of complexity retained in evadating language and cognitive behauviors, and on the cognitive dynamics of dialogue and social interactions in the conceptualisation, structuration and complexification of points of view
Roudet, James. "Analyse et comparaison des divers modes de conversion statique CC-CC : modes de commutation et sûreté de fonctionnement, performances CEM." Grenoble INPG, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990INPG0139.
Full textStopin, Alexandre. "Détermination de modèle de vitesse anisotrope par tomographie de réflexion des modes de compression et de cisaillement." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001STR13203.
Full textCrussol, Yolande de. "Le rôle de la raison dans la réflexion éthique d'al-Muhāsibī : ʿaql et conversion chez al-Muhāsibī." Lyon 2, 2001. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2001/de-crussol_y.
Full textThis research aims to analyse the role of reason in the moral quest of what is good according to al-Muhâsibî. So, its object is an author of the classical period (third century of hegira), through a question which caracterises his way of thinking as he was at the same time a "Kitâb al-caql"'s author and one of the most famous moralists and spiritual guides in Bagdad. Despite some of his writings about "caql", reason is not at all emancipated from faith in his thinking, and Josef Van Ess considers him as belonging to the "mutawarri cîna" (those who fear God). The important but limited role of reason in the moral quest of good according to al-Muhâsibî is what this research would like to establish, relying for that upon his "Kitâb al-caql" and all his other published works
Bonnelle, Denis. "Tour solaire, tour à vaporisation d'eau, et modes de conversion d'énergie renouvelable : présentation, critiques et suggestions." Lyon 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004LYO10129.
Full textRuau, Olivier. "Applications de la microspectroscopie IRTF en modes transmission et réflexion spéculaire à la caractérisation chimique des matières organiques." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPL146N.
Full textSaquet, Cathy. "Sans-abri dans "le Times", "le Sunday Times" et "le Monde" : 1988-2001 : réflexion sur les modes d'oblitération du politique." Aix-Marseille 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AIX32059.
Full textUsing an interactionnist approach of social problems and an analysis of content, the thesis compares the press coverage of the homeless issue in "The Time", "The Sunday Times" and "Le Monde" during the period 1988-2001. It examines the emergence of the theme in the newspapers, its quantitative importance and the various angles which are privileged. Various tables sum up the specificities of each newspaper ; they classify the articles according to their genre, their sources, the type of illustrations used. The newspapers social discourse is analysed through their reactions to mendicity and through their conceptions of social aid. The thesis also compares their explanations for housing issues, of situations of poverty and their expectations toward politics. It distinguishes different forms of neglect from politics which can bring the newspapers to privilege the evocation of the "roofless" to the detriment of structural difficulties. The research asks the question of the place of the homeless as persons with full citizenship status. Are they considered only as persons who have to be helped and pitied upon or as individuals who have political opinions and claims to uphold ?
Sitel, Azzedine. "Méthodes de mesure des matrices acoustiques des discontinuités à un ou deux ports en présence des modes élevés." Compiègne, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005COMP1603.
Full textThis study presents the development of experimental methods to characterise a two-port discontinuity by measurement of its scattering and transmission matrices and its power dissipation, and a one-port discontinuity by measurement of its reflection matrix in higher order modes propagation conditions. This method is applied to the measurement of a scattering matrix of a straight cylindrical duct and a reactive chamber. Reflection and transmission matrices are measured for an open end coupled with a straight duct. With the use of the overdetermination on the number of loads, a good agreement was found between analytical and experimental scattering-matrix coefficients measured for the straight duct except near of eut-off frequencies. The test with the reactive type muffler shows that the load method fails in determining the coefficients associated to the wave coming in the discontinuity from the open side because modes are filtered by the reactive chamber. To characterise completely an asymmetrical section, an additionnel test after its inversion is therefore necessary. Results of transmission and reflection matrices shows that the overdetermination procedure on the number of source configurations improves the results. Ln another side, and in order to estimite the sensitivity of various methods to measurement errors, an analytical procedure of simulation of the experience is developed
Favraud, Gael. "Acoustique dans les écoulements cisaillés : conditions limites de géométries complexes, application à l’acoustique et aux couches limites visqueuses." Thesis, Le Mans, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LEMA1024/document.
Full textThe first part is a study of the interactions between acoustic and vorticity perturbations in linear incompressible shear flows, which can decomposed as a sum of a hyperbolic part and of a rigid rotation part. The plane Couette flow is an example of such flows. By using the non-modal approach, the equations governing the evolution of compressible perturbations reduce to an ODE of dimension three in time, which depends on a dimensionless parameter ε representing the ratio between the shear rate of the flow and the frequency of the perturbations. For small ε values, the WKB method allows us to exhibit naturally three modes (two acoustic modes and one vorticity mode) and to highlight couplings between these modes. These couplings are exponentially small in 1/ε, and cannot be taken into account by an asymptotic method. They seem to be linked to the hyperbolic part of the flow.The second part deals with the reflection of a wave by a geometrically complex surface. A conformal mapping allows us to transform a complex boundary into a plane boundary, but makes appear varying coefficients in the bulk equations. These equations are then solved with the multimodal impedance matrix method, which reduce the problem to a Riccati equation for the impedance matrix. A method to find geometries allowing for the existence of trapped modes is proposed. Then the solving method is applied to the modeling of the viscous boundary layer of a fluid oscillating near a periodical rough surface. A perturbative solution is proposed. The presence of recirculation areas is studied
Diblanc, Frédérique. "Conversion de fréquences optiques appliquée au blocage de modes d'un laser Nd/YAG impulsionnel et à l'analyse spectrale large bande." Limoges, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LIMO0012.
Full textBjork, David Eugène. "Logiques de conversion individuelle et logiques confessionnelles : les modes d'évangélisation mises en oeuvre par les pasteurs anglo-américains présents en France." Paris, EPHE, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EPHE5035.
Full textThe question examined by this thesis is that of the experience of conversion in the Protestant Evangelical context and its role in the construction of a unique worldview. The study of several Evangelical groups, fruit of the work of Anglo-American missionaries in France, permits us to observe the variety and religious vitality of this transatlantic movement. It also reveals the dynamics by which these groups maintain the plausibility of their beliefs and their collective and individual sense of belonging. The experience of conversion, and of witnessing, is mot important among theses dynamics. Around this central question we privilege three orientations: the understanding of the mindset and religious experience of the North American Evangelical Missionaries, the examination of what is that these missionaries hope to accomplish and the ways in which they and their communities have been received by the French, the exposition of the influence of recent transformations in religious experience of the French on their work. By studying these Evangelical groups we wish to test, in the French context, the hypothesis of Christian Smith which suggests that a religious movement that unites both clear cultural distinction and intense social engagement will be capable of thriving in a pluralistic, modern society. We conclude that the Anglo-Saxon Evangelical missionaries have indeed been able to start communities in France which draw from their reading of the Bible, from their experience of conversion, and from their religious pilgrimage, convictions, perspectives, values and distinctive commitments which distinguish them in a positive and energizing way from their fellow citizens
Zou, Xiao-Lan. "Conversion linéaire de mode et diffusion d'ondes électromagnétiques par des fluctuations magnétiques dans un plasma." Paris 11, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA112282.
Full textFavraud, Gael. "Acoustique dans les écoulements cisaillés : conditions limites de géométries complexes, application à l'acoustique et aux couches limites visqueuses." Phd thesis, Université du Maine, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00821059.
Full textObeid, Hussein. "Contribution à la commande et à l'observation adaptatives par modes glissants d'ordres supérieurs : Application aux systèmes de gestion de l'énergie." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCA023/document.
Full textThis thesis deals with the development of novel strategies to adapt higher order sliding mode controllers and observers. The implementation of classics first order and higher order sliding mode controllers requires the knowledge of the upper bound of the disturbance or its derivative, which are often not known. The first contribution of this thesis is the design of an adaptive strategy that can ensure the convergence of the sliding variable to a predefined neighborhood of zero without requiring any information of the disturbance or its derivative and without overestimating the adaptive gain. This adaptive strategy is then declined for the design of the first order, second order and integral sliding mode controllers, and for the Levant's differentiator. The second contribution of the thesis is the development of two adaptive strategies for discontinuous higher order sliding mode control. The proposed two algorithms can provide the achievement of n-order sliding mode despite disturbances with unknown upper bounds or with unknown upper bounds of their derivatives. Finally, in order to show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms, they are successfully applied through simulations to control the wind energy conversion system and the linear induction motor system for cogeneration
Romagny, Bruno. "Développement durable, bioéconomie et ressources renouvelables : réflexion sur les modes d'appropriation et de gestion de ces ressources : une remise en cause de la formalisation de la "tragédie" de l'accès libre par le dilemme du prisonnier." Nice, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996NICE0035.
Full textThis thesis questions the theoretical foundations of the major economic models that lead to the recommendation of particular renewable resources appropriation modalities, with vital consequences for mankind's future. Indeed, according to the mainstream, it is the collective nature of these resources appropriation schemes which drive the individual tenants to exploit them, without considering the negative consequences of their activities. The dominant theoretical framework for the treatment of these questions of coordination between players in a renewable resource exploitation is linked to the question of externalities internalisation through the attribution of ownership rights. Thus, the "tragedy of the commons", often formalised trough the prisoner's dilemma game, is considered as a true paradigm by numerous economists, but also at the level of international organisations. In the first part of this thesis, the author analyses the genesis of sustainable development and of bioeconomics notions, going back to the evolution of the relations between economy and nature in the economic theory. In the second part, questioning the conventional analysis of resources over-exploitation in economy, and proposing a rehabilitation of appropriation schemes other than private and public, the author comes back to the initial model of the prisoner's dilemma, in order to propose a new development, based upon a bioeconomic model where the renewable resource itself reacts to the players strategies. This research leads to a fundamental challenge of the prisoner's dilemma as a pertinent metaphor of a renewable resource exploitation by two players
Arbouz, Hamida. "Étude des modes de vibration de basses fréquences du phosphate diacide d'ammonium et du phosphate diacide de potassium deutéré." Nancy 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986NAN10024.
Full textLienhardt, Anne-Marie. "Étude de la commande et de l'observation d'une nouvelle structure de conversion d'énergie de type SMC (Convertiseur Multicellulaire Superposé)." Toulouse, INPT, 2006. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000335/.
Full textDedicated to medium voltage high power applications, the Stacked Multicell Converter was developed and validated within the LEEI at the beginning of years 2000. The first part of this manuscript consists in a comparative study of the losses, performances and costs of IGBT-based 2 and 3-level topologies. The main objective is to legitimate the use of the SMC structure for low voltage/high power applications. The second part is dedicated to the observation of the SMC flying capacitor voltages. An active control of those voltages has to be introduced to ensure a good balancing of the voltage constraint over the power switches. Three estimation methods are presented: a voltage reconstruction, a digital real time simulation of the converter combined with a voltage measure and a sliding mode observer. The aim is to reduce the number of sensors and thus the SMC industrial cost. They were validated by simulation for a 7-level SMC. The sliding mode observer is confirmed experimentally
Sengele, Loic. "Etude des modes octupolaires dans le noyau atomique de 156Gd : recherche expérimentale de la symétrie tétraédrique." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAE038/document.
Full textGeometrical symmetries play an important role in the understanding of all physical systems. In nuclear structure they are linked to the shape of the mean-field used to describe the atomic nuclei properties. In the framework of this thesis, we have used the predictions obtained with the help of the nuclear mean-field Hamiltonian with the Universal Woods-Saxon potential to study the effects of the so-called “High-Rank” symmetries. These point-group symmetries lead to a nuclear state degeneracy of the order of 4. It is predicted that the tetrahedral symmetry affects the stability of nuclei close to the tetrahedral magic numbers [Z,N]=[32,40,56,64,70,90-94,136]. We have selected the Rare-Earth region close to the tetrahedral doubly magic nucleus 154Gd for our study. In this region, there exists negative parity structures poorly understood. Yet the tetrahedral symmetry, as related to a non-axial octupole deformation, breaks the reflection symmetry and leads to the negative parity states. Following a systematics of experimental properties of the nuclei in this region, we have selected 156Gd as the object of our study for the octupole excitation modes. We have used the reduced transitions probabilities to discriminate between these modes. To achieve this goal, we have performed three gamma spectroscopy experiments at the ILL in Grenoble with the EXILL and GAMS detectors to measure the lifetimes and the gamma transition intensities from the candidate states. The analysis of our results shows that including the tetrahedral shape helps to understand the dipole transition probabilities. This result will open new experimental and theoretical perspectives
Pelletier-Huot, Maxime. "Modes et approches du cinéma documentaire : réflexion autour du projet American Utopias." Thèse, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/13774.
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