Journal articles: 'Reformed Church in Zambia – History'

1

Ragsdale, John P., and Gerdien Verstsrdelen-Gilhuis. "From Dutch Mission Church to Reformed Church in Zambia." International Journal of African Historical Studies 18, no. 3 (1985): 566. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/218680.

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Garvey, Brian, and Geurdina Margaretha Maria Verstaelen-Gilhuis. "From Dutch Mission Church to Reformed Church in Zambia. The Scope for African Leadership and Initiative in the History of a Zambian Mission Church." Journal of Religion in Africa 16, no. 1 (February 1986): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1580981.

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Kroesbergen-Kamps, Johanneke. "Horizontal and Vertical Dimensions in Zambian Sermons about the COVID-19 Pandemic." Journal of Religion in Africa 49, no. 1 (December 22, 2020): 73–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700666-12340159.

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Abstract In the contemporary literature about the relationship between religion and COVID-19, vertical as well as horizontal responses can be distinguished. Much of the current literature is based on personal reflection or on quantitative research. This article adds a qualitative research perspective and offers a preliminary analysis of the religious frameworks used by pastors in the Reformed Church in Zambia. Although the pastors acknowledge the need for communal action, their livestreamed services show an emphasis on the vertical dimension, i.e., the relation with God. As this article argues, this can be understood from an African worldview. There is also evidence that the initial vertical dimension of the services shifts to more horizontal concerns as the pandemic progresses.

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Murray, Jocelyn. "Andrew Prior (ed.), Catholics in Apartheid Society. Cape Town and London: David Philip, 1982, 208 pp., R12, paperback. - Gerdien Verstraelen-Gilhuis, From Dutch Mission Church to Reformed Church in Zambia: the scope for African leadership and initiative in the history of a Zambian Church. Franeke: Wever, 1982, 366 pp., F49.50, paperback." Africa 55, no. 2 (April 1985): 234–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1160317.

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GRAY, RICHARD. "From Dutch Mission Church to Reformed Church in Zambia." African Affairs 85, no. 340 (July 1986): 472–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a097810.

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Crafford, D. "Uitdagings vir die Ned Geref Kerk in Suidelike Afrika met Malawi en Zambië as illustrasiegebiede." Verbum et Ecclesia 11, no. 1 (July 18, 1990): 17–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/ve.v11i1.1009.

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Challenges for the Dutch Reformed Church in Southern Africa with Malawi and Zambia as illustration areas What will be the challenges for the Dutch Reformed Church in South Africa if in the coming decades its isolation from Africa could be ended because of political developments in a post-apartheid era? The Dutch Reformed Church planted indigenous churches in many African Countries like Botswana, Malawi, Zimbabwe, Zambia, Mozambique and Namibia. The role of the church in Africa will be determined by its relations with these younger churches. The challenges in the fields of evangelism, church ministry, the youth and in the socioeconomic and political areas are illustrated specifically in the cases of Malawi and Zambia.

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Zulu, William, and Henry Mbaya. "SOME MISSIOLOGICAL IMPERATIVES OF THE “CHRISTIANISATION” OF CINAMWALI AS CILANGIZO IN THE REFORMED CHURCH IN ZAMBIA." Studia Historiae Ecclesiasticae 42, no. 3 (March 7, 2017): 178–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/2412-4265/2066.

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This study deals with the adaptation of the traditional Ngoni girls’ initiation rite of Cinamwali into Christian Cilangizo in the Women’s Guild in the Reformed Church in Zambia. It highlights the role of the Women’s Guild in transforming the traditional values and structures of Cinamwali into the Christian Cilangizo, with a view to determine which carries Christian values and meaning amongst girls and women in the Reformed Church in Zambia.

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Carr, Burgess. "Book Review: From Dutch Mission Church to Reformed Church in Zambia." International Bulletin of Missionary Research 9, no. 3 (July 1985): 126–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/239693938500900312.

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Xu, Ximian. "The Scientific Calling of the Church: Herman Bavinck's Exhortation for the Churches in Mainland China." Studies in World Christianity 27, no. 2 (July 2021): 145–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/swc.2021.0340.

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Herman Bavinck (1854–1921) describes the twofold scientific calling of the Church. First, the Church needs to read the historic Reformed confessions contextually and distill the Reformed principles to meet its contemporary needs. Second, the Church should pursue a scientific ( wetenschappelijke) life, particularly in the university. Bavinck's twofold theological insight can be applied to the churches in mainland China. The first reminds Chinese Reformed churches of the necessity of composing a Sino-Reformed confession. The second insight exhorts churches to develop scientific life publicly. In this sense, the scientific calling of the church, which Bavinck envisaged more than a century before, can be fulfilled in the twenty-first-century mainland China. 1

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Parker, Charles. "The Moral Agency and Moral Autonomy of Church Folk in the Dutch Reformed Church of Delft, 1580–1620." Journal of Ecclesiastical History 48, no. 1 (January 1997): 44–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022046900011970.

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The rigorous enforcement of religious discipline was a hallmark of Calvinist Churches in Reformation-era Europe. Wherever Calvinism took hold, ministers and elders went to extraordinary lengths to inculcate a Reformed morality among the members of local congregations. Since Calvinists identified the eucharistic community as the pure assembly of saints, it was necessary for Reformed consistories to defend the sanctity of the Lord's Table from all human corruption.

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Parker, Charles. "Pilgrims' Progress: Narratives of Penitence and Reconciliation in the Dutch Reformed Church." Journal of Early Modern History 5, no. 3 (2001): 222–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157006501x00186.

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AbstractHistorians over the past twenty years have utilized consistory records to analyze long-term patterns of illicit behavior and church punishment in Reformed congregations across Europe. Despite the value of these studies, a narrative approach to consistory records offers an opportunity to penetrate the assumptions of local church leaders and to discover real men and women in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Using examples from the pivotal moments in the discipline process in the Dutch Reformed Church at Delft, this article reconstructs the narrative framework of discipline there. The author argues that consistory secretaries recorded discipline cases as ongoing stories of penitence and reconciliation in the lives of all sorts of church members.

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Léonard, Julien. "The French Church of Maastricht." Church History and Religious Culture 100, no. 4 (October 19, 2020): 463–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18712428-bja10009.

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Abstract The French Reformed church of Maastricht, founded in 1632 following the Dutch takeover of the city, was a geographically isolated institution within the Dutch Republic. This isolation was reinforced by the city’s unique status, which allowed the public exercise of Catholicism. Within this context, and situated next to the hostile Principality of Liège, the French church had to develop survival strategies and establish relations not only with the States-General and the Walloon synod, but also with the urban authorities and the Dutch Reformed church, in order to withstand the influence of Catholicism. Yet even though Maastricht was on the confessional and military front line—a place of passage for merchants, refugees, and Catholic clergymen—the French Protestant community survived the French occupation of 1673–1678 and managed to absorb the massive influx of Huguenot refugees from 1686 onwards.

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Sigg, Michèle Miller. "Carrying Living Water for the Healing of God's People: Women Leaders in the Fifohazana Revival and the Reformed Church in Madagascar." Studies in World Christianity 20, no. 1 (April 2014): 19–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/swc.2014.0069.

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For over one hundred years the Fifohazana Revival has played a key role in the spread of Christianity in Madagascar. The Fifohazana is an indigenous Christian movement that seeks to serve Malagasy society through the preaching of the Gospel and a holistic ministry of healing in community. This article summarises the findings of a study that explored the role of women leaders as holistic healers in the Fifohazana revival movement and the Reformed Church (FJKM) in Madagascar. Based on interviews with four women ministering in the Fifohazana or the Reformed Church, including a rising leader in the revival movement, this study highlights the importance of women leaders as radical disciples and subversive apostles in the Fifohazana revival movement and in the Reformed Church. As such, these women have been instrumental in bringing renewal into the church through the work of the Holy Spirit in the holistic healing ministry of the Fifohazana.

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Selderhuis, Herman J. "Die Bedeutung der Reformation Luthers für die kirchenrechtliche Entwicklung in den Niederlanden." Zeitschrift der Savigny-Stiftung für Rechtsgeschichte: Kanonistische Abteilung 102, no. 1 (September 1, 2016): 381–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.26498/zrgka-2016-0115.

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Abstract The Impact of Luther’s Reformation on the development of Church Law in the Netherlands. This essay describes how essential the specific history of the reformation in the Netherlands was for the developments of reformed church law in that country. The Dutch reformation was relatively late and was more Calvinistic than Lutheran. Calvin’s model of structuring the church, the essential effect of the refugee situation of many reformed believers and the fact that the revolt as well as the reformation were movements mainly ,from below‘, result in a church polity with the following characteristics: self-government of each individual congregation, active involvement of all church members, independence towards political authorities and a presbyterial-synodical church organisation. This church model was reached through a series of synodical meetings that started in the 1560ies and came to a conclusion at the Synod of Dordt in 1618/1619.

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Lányi, Gábor. "“Ecclesiastical Authority Terror”. The Downgrading of the Szigetszentmiklós Reformed Parish to Mission Parish in 1956." Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Theologia Reformata Transylvanica 65, no. 2 (September 20, 2020): 53–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbtref.65.2.03.

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"On 24 May 1956, Délpest Reformed Diocese – by the consent of the Danubi-an Reformed Church District– downgraded the Szigetszentmiklós Reformed Parish to the status of mission parish. The 700 members strong, almost 400 hundred years old parish’s chief elder was also relieved of his duties whilst the consistory was dis-solved. The downgrading of the long-standing parish, the dissolution of the elected consistory, and the deprivation of its right to elect its minister gave rise to protests both inside and outside the parish. An array of scandals, disciplinary issues, and dif-ficult as well as intricate lawsuits followed. The matter also generated waves in the entire Reformed Church since the presidium of the diocese overlooked the ecclesias-tic rules and regulations, ordering the downgrade without the consent of the dioce-san assembly –also assisted by the presidium of the church district–, accepting the new situation and appointing the mission minister. The case of Szigetszentmiklós is a great example to understand the global pic-ture of the actions taken against the disloyal ministers and consistories by the ecclesi-astic governance intertwined with the one-party state. Keywords: Hungarian Reformed Church during communism, church–state relations during communism, 20th-century history of the Reformed Church in Hungary, cold war, Albert Bereczky, Szigetszentmiklós."

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Van Aarde, R. B. "Die Barmhartigheidsbediening van die NG Kerk van Natal - afhanklik en eksklusief?" Verbum et Ecclesia 21, no. 2 (September 9, 2000): 371–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/ve.v21i2.1265.

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The ministry of compassion of the Dutch Reformed Church in Natal - dependent and exclusive?This study highlights two major concerns in the history of the Dutch Reformed Church of Natal’s ministry of compassion. The church’s work became financially too dependent on government subsidies. The work originally started off with church finances, but was later financed by government. In principle there is nothing wrong with such a partnership, but the present financial dependency will have to make room for an independent ministry of compassion. The church’s ministry of compassion was also mainly focussed on the Afrikaner nation. In this the church supported the apartheid system of the day and started the perception that services of compassion are for the White community while missionary work is focussed on the Black communities. What history teaches us in this field of compassion and caring can help to rectify the ministry of compassion of the Dutch Reformed Church in KwaZulu/Natal and help the church to avoid the same mistakes in future

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Togarasei, Lovemore. "The 'Birth' of a Prophet: Andrew Wutawunashe's Break from the Reformed Church in Zimbabwe (Formerly Dutch Reformed Church)." Exchange 35, no. 2 (2006): 215–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157254306776525717.

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AbstractThe examples of Old Testament prophets like Amos show that the call to prophecy is a life changing experience. This paper demonstrates that by looking at the 'birth' of Andrew Wutawunashe as a prophet. It opens with a brief history of the life of Wutawunashe showing how he was 'called' from pursuing university education to founding the Family of God church. It then discusses the possible reasons that led Wutawunashe to break from the Reformed Church in Zimbabwe. Although several reasons are suggested it is concluded that chief among them was his claim to prophetic inspiration.

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Fubara-Manuel, Benebo Fubara. "In Communion with the Trinitarian God." Exchange 44, no. 3 (September 11, 2015): 284–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1572543x-12341369.

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This paper is a Reformed reflection on The Church: Towards a Common Vision (ctcv). It seeks to explore an aspect of the rich contribution of ctcv to the understanding of the depth of the unity that the church has received from the Trinitarian God as a gift, and to which it has been called to witness, namely, the communion that exists between God and creation. It shall argue that, whereas ctcv has worked upon several years of ecumenical labour, and whereas it is a most invaluable work in ecumenical understanding of church unity, it fails to develop a robust theology of creation and, as such, fails to do justice to the richness of communion that the church and creation has with the Trinitarian God. This reflection shall be informed by some of the historic Reformed confessions, some modern Reformed confessions and the rich history of Reformed participation in ecumenical conversations.1

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Krabbendam, Hans. "Divided by a Common Heritage: The Christian Reformed Church and the Reformed Church in America at the Beginning of a New Millennium." Church History and Religious Culture 88, no. 1 (2008): 107–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187124108x316639.

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Van der Merwe, J. M. "Hervormers wat ons nie mag vergeet nie." Verbum et Ecclesia 18, no. 2 (July 4, 1997): 356–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/ve.v18i2.569.

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Church Reformers we should not forget. On thefifth of November 1980, the Reformed Day Witness was published in Die Kerkbode by eight theologians of the Dutch Reformed Church. The Witness, as it became known, soon had storm clouds gathering in the church, because of it's content. It was a wakeup call to the church about it's prophetic call, it's guidance to government and it's role in reconciliation. Many ministers and members of the church supported The Witness while church leadership was mainly against it. In the end The Witness was silenced but the seed were sown. Many ministers and church members now knew that the Dutch Reformed Church had to take a new approach with regard to it's prophetic call and it's role in society. When we look back over what happened in the past seventeen years, history tells us that these men were prophets of their time, men that we must not forget.

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FULOP, TIMOTHY E. "The Third Mark of the Church? - Church Discipline in the Reformed and Anabaptist Reformations." Journal of Religious History 19, no. 1 (June 1995): 26–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9809.1995.tb00243.x.

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Somogyi, Alfréd. "„Úgy veszem, hogy itt jártak…” Egy elmaradt püspöki látogatás margójára." Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Theologia Reformata Transylvanica 66, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 153–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbtref.66.1.08.

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"“I Take It as If They Were Here…” A Side-Note on a Cancelled Episcopal Visitation. The study examines a letter which has extraordinary importance for the Reformed community in Czechoslovakia. It was written on behalf of President Tomáš Garrique Masaryk to the bishops of the Reformed Church in 1922. At that point in history, the Hungarian Reformed people, who came under the new rule of an entirely new state, Czechoslovakia, were able to form their new ecclesiastical dioceses. However, an independent Reformed Church of Czechoslovakia had not yet been proclaimed since they were not able to convene a synod. The leaders of the church tried to make use of all kinds of political connections to serve the need of the church. Therefore, they initiate a meeting with President Masaryk, who was having a holiday in Kistapolcsány (Topolčianky) during the autumn of 1922. All preparations made seemed to be organized well and go smoothly, even the lobby executed in the political arena indicated that the much-expected meeting would take place. However, the audience was cancelled by the office of the head of the state during the very last meeting. This study investigates the preparations of the meeting, tries to assess on the basis of historical sources its assumed significance, and offers a reflection about the possible reasons why the hearing had been cancelled. Keywords: Czechoslovakia, Reformed Church, ecclesiastical policy, audience of the president of the state, state and church relations, Tomáš Garrique Masaryk, István Pálóczi Czinke "

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Murdock, Graeme. "Responses to Habsburg Persecution of Protestants in Seventeenth-Century Hungary." Austrian History Yearbook 40 (April 2009): 37–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0067237809000046.

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This article considers responses to Habsburg persecution of Protestants in Hungary during the 1670s. Focusing on the Reformed church, it will first assess how long-established contacts with Reformed co-religionists in northwestern Europe came to provide support for Hungarians in the face of violent state repression. This will concentrate in particular on the trial and imprisonment of Protestant clergy after 1674 and on the liberation of one group of ministers in 1676, thanks to Dutch intervention. It will then consider the diverse ways in which Habsburg persecution of Hungarian Protestants was represented in the Dutch Republic, England, France, and in Hungary, and what this reveals about the international Reformed community toward the end of the confessional age. It will then assess the role of persistent but shifting memories of this era of martyrs and liberators in the later development of Hungarian Reformed identity.

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Kiss, Réka. "Identity forging in the Hungarian Reformed press in the first part of the 20th century. The example of the Református Figyelő journal." Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Theologia Reformata Transylvanica 65, no. 2 (December 20, 2020): 279–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbtref.65.2.15.

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"In my study, I am examining a significant step in the history of the national Re-formed press between the two world wars, i.e., the weekly paper Református Figyelő (1928–1933). It is well known that the interwar period which was also called a “religious renaissance” or the “period of the second confessionalization”, is considered to be a period of renewal of religious and ecclesiastical life, deepening of faith and strengthening of denominational identity for each historical church. My study approaches the issue of church press between the two world wars from the perspective of the process of community identity building of the Hungari-an Reformed people. On the one hand, I am looking for an answer to how the con-tent of the Reformed identity changed during the century, which were the defining phenomena, historical experiences that decisively influenced the Reformed self-awareness, which were its main problems, the central topics of church public dis-course. On the other hand, my research focuses on the role of the ecclesiastical press in shaping public discourses, in building identity, the way its organizational back-ground and internal system of relations developed. Keywords: religious ideintity, Reformed Church, interwar period, church press, Ravasz László. "

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Van er Watt, P. B. "Herlewing in die Ned. Geref. Kerk — 'n historiese blik." Verbum et Ecclesia 8, no. 1 (July 17, 1987): 85–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/ve.v8i1.966.

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Revivalism in the Dutch Reformed Church — an historic overview In the course of the history of the Dutch Reformed Church the phenomenon of revivalism is by no means an isolated occurrence — on the contrary — revivalism of this nature was triggered by similar situations throughout the world. This situation was greatly the result of the aspirations of the faithful towards a special interaction with the Holy Spirit of God together with the persistent prayer of the devout.

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Bezzina, Edwin. "Where Two Crosses Met: Religious Accommodation between a Reformed Protestant Community and a Commandery of the Order of Malta (Loudun, circa 1560–1660)." Church History 81, no. 4 (December 2012): 815–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009640712001916.

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This article represents a local study investigating the relations between the commandery of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem and a Reformed Protestant community from about 1560 to 1660. The chosen locality is the French provincial town of Loudun and the article spans the French Wars of Religion and the period of recovery and reconstruction beyond. The relationship between Loudun's commandery and Reformed community manifests the sometimes astonishing interplay of conflict, accommodation, and necessity. The Protestant use of the commandery's church enabled the Reformed community to entrench itself in Loudun and remain there until the Crown revoked all the civil and religious prerogatives that it had granted to this religious minority. For its part, the commandery's fortunes and misfortunes became tied to that Reformed Protestant presence. The commandery's recovery in the first half of the seventeenth century in part drew upon the momentum of the Catholic resurgence, but the earlier Protestant use of the commandery's church and the repairs that the Protestants effectuated on the edifice gave the commandery a foothold in that process of recovery. This at times begrudged interdependence between commandery and Reformed community allowed for something resembling cross-confessional relations where one would least expect to find them.

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Benedict, Philip. "Of Church Orders and Postmodernism." BMGN - Low Countries Historical Review 136, no. 1 (March 30, 2021): 59–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.18352/bmgn-lchr.10897.

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Self-avowedly influenced by the postmodernist critique of nineteenth-century ‘positivism’, Jesse Spohnholz's ambitious and multiple prize-winning 2017 The Convent of Wesel: The Event that Never was and the Invention of Tradition speaks at once to the political and institutional history of the Reformed churches of the Netherlands and northwestern Germany, to the role of archiving practices in shaping historical understanding, and to the nature of historical study. This review offers both an extended synopsis and a critique of the book. While recognizing its considerable achievement, it questions its framing of its findings about the Reformation era with reference to the ‘confessionalization’ debate, its reliance on a prefabricated narrative about archives as instruments of power and marginalization, and its mischaracterizations of post-Rankean historical practice and theory. Implications of the book’s findings for further research into the politics and personalities of the Reformation in the Low Countries are also suggested.

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Frijhoff, Willem. "A Misunderstood Calvinist: The Religious Choices of Bastiaen Jansz Krol, New Netherland's First Church Servant." Journal of Early American History 1, no. 1 (2011): 62–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187707011x552736.

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AbstractIn the history of New Netherland the comforter of the sick Bastiaen Jansz Krol (1595-1674) is known as the first servant of the Reformed Church, before the establishment of a formal congregation with an ordained minister. Until recently, his reputation as such was quite mediocre, and the quality of his faith was questioned by the historians of the Reformed Church. In this article, the author revises this negative image thoroughly. Completing the biographical data he interprets them in the context of the early ambitions of the WIC. Arguing, moreover, that Krol was born in a Mennonite family and converted to Calvinism after his first marriage, he presents (with a full translation) the pamphlet which shows his new commitment to orthodox Calvinism. Krol's pamphlet was published previously to his appointment as comforter of the sick and may have motivated his choice by the Amsterdam consistory.

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Hofmeyr, J. W. "Kerkvereniging en Kerkreg: Geskiedenis, beginsel en praktyk." Verbum et Ecclesia 17, no. 2 (April 21, 1996): 329–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/ve.v17i2.521.

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Church unity and church polity: History, principle and practice In this article the need for a clearer focus on the history, principles and practice of church polity in the process of church re-unijication is addressed. This is specijically focused on the process currently under way in the Dutch Reformed Church family. After an extensive discussion of issues pertaining to the history, principl~s and practice of church polity within this church family, it is concluded that the process of re-unijication need to be implemented with the necessary urgency, but also with patience.

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최윤배. "A Study on the Office of the Dutch Reformed Church in the Background of Church History." Studies in Systematic Theology 31, no. ll (April 2019): 46–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.31777/sst.31..201904.002.

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Rooden, Peter Van. "Dutch Protestantism and its pasts." Studies in Church History 33 (1997): 393–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s042420840001336x.

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The Dutch Reformed Church acquired its modern past fairly recently, at the beginning of the nineteenth century, during the first years of the new Kingdom of the Netherlands. From 1819 to 1827 the four volumes of Ypeij and Dermout’s History of the Dutch Reformed Church appeared, some two and a half thousand pages all together. The work has not fared well. Its garrulous verbosity, weak composition, and old-fashioned liberalism have been rightly denounced. Only the four accompanying volume with notes, more than a thousand dense pages full of facts and quotations, have been admired for their scholarship. Protestant academic ecclesiastical history prefers to trace its origin to the founding in 1829 of its scholarly journal, the Nederlands Archief voor Kerkgeschiedenis, by the two first occupants of the newly founded chairs for Church history at the universities of Leiden and Utrecht.

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Kangwa, Jonathan. "The Legacy of Peggy Hiscock: European Women’s Contribution to the Growth of Christianity in Zambia." Feminist Theology 28, no. 3 (May 2020): 316–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0966735020906940.

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The history of Christianity in Africa contains selected information reflecting patriarchal preoccupations. Historians have often downplayed the contributions of significant women, both European and indigenous African. The names of some significant women are given without details of their contribution to the growth of Christianity in Africa. This article considers the contributions of Peggy Hiscock to the growth of Christianity in Zambia. Hiscock was a White missionary who was sent to serve in Zambia by the Methodist Church in Britain. She was the first woman to have been ordained in the United Church of Zambia. Hiscock established the Order of Diaconal Ministry and founded a school for the training of deaconesses in the United Church of Zambia. This article argues that although the nineteenth- and twentieth-century missionary movement in Africa is associated with patriarchy and European imperialism, there were European women missionaries who resisted imperialism and patriarchy both in the Church and society.

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Žeňuch, Vavrinec. "History of the Reformed Church in Ung County in the Seventeenth Century." Studia theologica 22, no. 3 (December 1, 2020): 77–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5507/sth.2020.018.

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Park, Sung Kon. "The History and Missiological Tasks of the Reformed Christian Church in Slovakia." Mission and Theology 53 (February 28, 2021): 127–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.17778/mat.2021.02.53.127.

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Stephen, Jeffrey. "Defending the Revolution: The Church of Scotland and the Scottish Parliament, 1689–95." Scottish Historical Review 89, no. 1 (April 2010): 19–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/shr.2010.0002.

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With particular emphasis upon the revolution and the early years of William's reign, this article aims to shed some light on the nature of the relationship between church and parliament, in particular its importance to the church in promoting its vision for a reformed church in Scotland. The article focuses on the strategies used by the church to achieve their objectives. Effective organisation, careful and diligent lobbying of parliament and forthright presentation of their position through preaching, enabled them to galvanise their support within parliament and secure a settlement that not only disappointed their opponents but went beyond what William and erastian inclined Presbyterians would have preferred. It is quite clear that the church significantly influenced the nature and extent of the final ecclesiastical settlement. Consequently, the revolution provided the template for relations between church and parliament until the latter's dissolution in 1707.

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Julius, Elize. "Identity, Unity and Historiography: The Piketberg Ecclesial Narrative Revisted." Religion and Theology 16, no. 1-2 (2009): 53–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156973109x450000.

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AbstractThe aim of this essay is to develop a critical assessment of the history of the family of Dutch Reformed churches in Piketberg. The purpose of this is to determine a more adequate theological framework for the deconstruction of the traditional ecclesiological and socio-cultural anthropologies as a first step in the process of establishing sound ecclesiological and socio-cultural relations in the ongoing process of being church. Within this ecclesiological exploration, the focus will be on the schism within the once one Reformed congregation of Piketberg into three separate congregations and specifically on the unique understandings of the reasons for the divide along racial lines. The emphasis for this study is on the theological accountability of the church and all her members, with a specific emphasis on theological identity within the Reformed church in South Africa. The case study will thus focus on the stories of one particular place in the hope of raising more general ecclesiological questions of identity, culture and race.

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Sweetnam (book author), Mark S., and Christopher Warley (review author). "John Donne and Religious Authority in the Reformed English Church." Renaissance and Reformation 37, no. 3 (March 5, 2015): 320–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.33137/rr.v37i3.22488.

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Modise, Leepo Johannes. "THE UNIFICATION PROCESS IN THE DUTCH REFORMED CHURCH (DRC) FAMILY AND UNITING REFORMED CHURCH IN SOUTHERN AFRICA (URCSA): THE CONFESSIONAL BASIS OF THE BELHAR CONFESSION." Studia Historiae Ecclesiasticae 42, no. 2 (November 15, 2016): 30–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/2412-4265/388.

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This article consists of five mains parts. Firstly the author gives a brief overview of the history and origin of the Belhar Confession as a corner stone for URCSA’s arguments for church unity. Secondly, the discussion focuses on church unity in general in relation to the Trinity, Eucharist and the Word of God. Church unity is a given, as a fruit of the cross of Christ. Thirdly, the article discusses the unification process within the DRC and URCSA. Fourthly, the author explores the Belhar Confession as the corner stone of church unity from URCSA’s perspective, and the challenges around accepting this confession by the DRC. Fifthly, the author deliberates URCSA’s position on the Belhar Confession as fundamental to URCSA’s identity and life.

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Kooi, C. "The March of the Libertines: Spinozists and the Dutch Reformed Church, 1660-1750." English Historical Review CXXII, no. 498 (September 1, 2007): 1093–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ehr/cem246.

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Van der Merwe, Johan M. "Versoening en die Nederduitse Gereformeerde Kerk: Die Algemene Sinode van 1994 as baken vir ’n lewe van volheid." Verbum et Ecclesia 38, no. 3 (October 6, 2017): 105–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/ve.v38i3.1626.

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The Faculty of Theology at the University of Pretoria chose oikodome as a Faculty Research Theme (FRT) in 2014. This term refers to life in its fullness. The Dutch Reformed Church, as one of the partners of the Faculty, contributed to life in its fullness through the important role it played in the reconciliation in South Africa since 1986. One of the beacons on this road of reconciliation was the General Synod of 1994. It became known as the ‘Synod of reconciliation’ as a result of the visits of Mr Nelson Mandela, Prof. B.J. Marais and Dr Beyers Naudé, and the important decisions that the meeting took. It was however, not only the visits of these important roleplayers in history which made the meeting a beacon on the road to reconciliation. This chapter shows that it was imbedded in a much larger context of reconciliation in South Africa in which the Dutch Reformed Church played an important role. By participating in the process of reconcilation in the country, the Dutch Reformed Church contributed to oikodome – life in its fullness for all.

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van Asselt, Willem J. "“Quid est homo quod memor es ipsius?” Calvin and Cocceius (1603–1669) on Psalm 8." Church History and Religious Culture 91, no. 1-2 (2011): 135–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187124111x557818.

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This article addresses a controversy between Reformed theologians on the exegesis of Psalm 8 which arose in the Dutch Reformed Church during the late seventeenth century. The followers of the Leiden theologian Johannes Cocceius proposed an eschatological (even apocalyptic) reading of this Psalm which was vehemently contested by the followers of the Utrecht professor Gisbertus Voetius. Both parties appealed to Calvin’s exegesis of this Psalm and argued that their opinions were in continuity with those of Calvin. By comparing Calvin’s exegesis of this Psalm to Cocceius’s explanation, it is possible to illuminate the seventeenth-century debate on this issue. This may also be instructive for explaining the variegated views on Biblical prophecy within the Reformed tradition. At the same time, an investigation of the sources of both theologians enables us to locate them in the history of exegesis.

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Tamm, Ditlev. "Law and Protestantism in Denmark." Zeitschrift der Savigny-Stiftung für Rechtsgeschichte: Kanonistische Abteilung 102, no. 1 (September 1, 2016): 406–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.26498/zrgka-2016-0116.

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Abstract This contribution deals with the influence of the Reformation on the law in Denmark. The Reformation was basically a reform of the church, but it also affected the concept of law and state in general. In 1536, King Christian III dismissed the catholic bishops and withheld the property of the church. The king, as custos duarum tabularum, guardian of both the tablets of law, also took over the legislation for the church. Especially in subjects of morals and criminal law new principles and statutes were enacted. Copenhagen University was reformed into a protestant seminary even though the former faculties were maintained. For that task Johannes Bugenhagen was summoned who also drafted the new church ordinance of 1537. In marriage law protestant principles were introduced. A marriage order was established in 1582.

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Meijers, Erica. "White Brothers–Black Strangers: Dutch Calvinist Churches and Apartheid in South-Africa." Exchange 38, no. 4 (2009): 365–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/016627409x12474551163691.

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AbstractAfter apartheid was abolished in 1994, fierce discussions within the Dutch churches on the theme of apartheid were quickly forgotten. However, we could still learn from this important chapter of church history. Erica Meijers argues that the debates during the 1970s and 1980s have their roots in the changes which the churches underwent in the 1950s and 1960s. Apartheid confronted protestant churches with their own images of black and white, their role in the colonial area and their view of the role of the church in society. All this led to a decreasing solidarity with the Afrikaners and a growing focus on black reality in South Africa. White brothers became strangers and black strangers became allies. This is in essence the transformation of attitude which both the Netherlands Reformed Church and the Reformed Churches in the Netherlands underwent between 1948 and 1972.

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Ernst, J. H. "Die Nederduits Gereformeerde Kerk en die menseregtevraagstuk: 1910-1990." Verbum et Ecclesia 16, no. 2 (September 21, 1995): 334–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/ve.v16i2.455.

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The Dutch Reformed Church and the human rights issue: 1910-199 Research in the field of church history reveals that the Dutch Refonned Church disposes its own human rights tradition that should be viewed and judged alongside and not in opposition 10 its apartheid tradition. As common factor "Human Rights" proved to be a suitablkey to unlock the history of the theology of apartheid ("evangelie van volksvryhede") of the Afrikaans churches, the theology of civilisation ("gospel of co-operation") of the English churches and the theology of liberation ("gospel of humanisation") of the Black church movement in an impartial and systematical way.

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Oakley, Robin. "The Nederduitse Gereformeerde Sendingkerk and the Nama Experience in Namaqualand, South Africa." Itinerario 27, no. 3-4 (November 2003): 189–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165115300020829.

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In Steinkopf, a former coloured Reserve in the Northern Cape Province, the Nederduitse Gereformeerde Sendingkerk (NGS; Dutch Reformed Mission Church), a former sub-branch of the Nederduitse Gereformeerde Kerk (NGK; Dutch Reformed Church) forged a legitimate public space for the expression of Nama identity in the 1960s. The legitimisation of aboriginal identity was not accidental, but very much an expression of apartheid policies of the day. I hope to demonstrate both the content and the consequences of this particular episode in Steinkopf, and thereby contribute to an understanding of the links between a crumbling capitalist infrastructure and the ideological efforts to reinforce that infrastructure through processes of ethnic strengthening. My claim is that the NGK played an ideological role supporting the capitalist interests as it strengthened the super-structural pillars of the segregation and apartheid eras.

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Heitink, G. "Het publieke karakter van de kerk." Verbum et Ecclesia 21, no. 2 (September 9, 2000): 260–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/ve.v21i2.1258.

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The public character of the churchThe subject of this article is the public character of the church. In the Netherlands one can make a distinction between three actual models. Each of them has had influence on the relationship between church and society in a particular time of history. The first model of A Kuyper, has its roots in the Reformed Churches in the Netherlands (Gereformeerde Kerken) and was important in the first half of the 20th Century. The second model is rooted in the Reformed Church (Nederlandse Hervormde Kerk) of the Netherlands in the period after World War 2. The third model is the ecumenical model of the "church for others", related to the secularized society. In each of these models we can find building blocks for the fourth model, called "open church", which has to be developed in this time of rapid social changes. In this article, the author tries to develop a design for the fourth model. This article is written out of the context of Western Europe. I hope it also can be helpful in the context of South Africa.

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van den Broeke, Leon. "Petrus Hofstede de Groot: een hervormd dominocraat?" DNK : Documentatieblad voor de Nederlandse kerkgeschiedenis na 1800 43, no. 92 (June 1, 2020): 3–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/dnk2020.92.001.vand.

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Abstract This article tries to find an answer to the central question whether the Dutch Reformed pastor and professor Petrus Hofstede de Groot (1802-1886) was a dominocrat. Hofstede de Groot was pastor in Ulrum and professor at the university in Groningen. My contribution is an elaboration of the oral book review I held in 2017 at the presentation of Jasper Vree’s book Kerk, huis, school en staat: Leven, werk en vriendenkring van P. Hofstede de Groot (1844-1886). In my article I explain the meaning of ‘dominocrat’ and also ‘Dominocrat’ and explore the synodical acts of the Dutch Reformed Church (Nederlandse Hervormde Kerk) between 1830 (Hofstede de Groot’s first appearance in the general synod as professor) and 1886 (his death), and Hofstede de Groot’s role in synodical meetings. He was indeed a dominocrat. He favored the leadership of the pastors. At the same time, he was a Dominocrat. In his life and in his work, he was focussed on the Dominus, Jesus Christ, for the church (kerk), at home (huis), school and state (staat).

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Geraerts, Jaap. "Competing Sacred Spaces in the Dutch Republic: Confessional Integration and Segregation." European History Quarterly 51, no. 1 (January 2021): 7–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0265691420981844.

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In the Dutch Republic, the Reformed Church enjoyed the exclusive religious use of church buildings. Formerly, these churches had belonged to Catholics, who were forced to establish their own (semi-clandestine) places of worship known as schuilkerken or huiskerken. As such, Reformed Protestant and Catholics each had their own religious infrastructure and competing sacred spaces. Employing a comparative perspective and a conceptual distinction between churches as legal, sacred and social spaces, this article studies the myriad of relationships between Catholics, their former (parish) churches, and their schuilkerken. It argues that clandestine Catholic churches were never able to replace parish churches completely since the latter continued to be used by Dutch Catholics to exercise legal rights, express and forge social hierarchies, and at times even to practise their faith. While the existence of competing sacred spaces could cause confessional strife and signifies a degree of segregation, at the same time the enduring ties between Catholics and their former churches indicate a level of confessional integration in seventeenth-century Dutch society.

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Adkins, Brent, and Michiel Wielema. "The March of the Libertines: Spinozists and the Dutch Reformed Church (1660-1750)." Sixteenth Century Journal 37, no. 2 (July 1, 2006): 635. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20477976.

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Littleton, Charles G. D., and Andrew Spicer. "The French-Speaking Reformed Community and Their Church in Southampton, 1567-c. 1620." Sixteenth Century Journal 30, no. 4 (1999): 1183. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2544700.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Reformed Church in Zambia – History'

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