Academic literature on the topic 'Refractive index'

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Journal articles on the topic "Refractive index"

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Koike, Yasuhiro. "Refractive index, refractive index distribution, birefringence." Kobunshi 37, no. 10 (1988): 768–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1295/kobunshi.37.768.

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Supriyadi, Supriyadi, Misto Misto, and Yulia Hartanti. "Palm Cooking Oil Refraction Index Measurement Using Single Slit Fraunhofer Diffraction Method." Jurnal ILMU DASAR 15, no. 2 (August 7, 2015): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/jid.v15i2.632.

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Palm cooking oil refraction index measurement has been done in several temperature using single slit Fraunhofer diffraction method. Ratio between diffraction patterns at the air dan solution medium can be used to determine its refraction index. Using aquades as sample, was obtained refractive index 1.331 with the discrepancy 0.038%. Based on the refractive indexs measured for each temperature were obtained linear equation model: Y=-(0,00145±0,00021)X+(1,54232±0,01757)where R = -0,97266 and R^2=0,94606. Temperature changes influence strongly to refractive index changes of palm cooking oil sample, changes both inversely. Gradient of 0.00145 indicate that refractive index of palm cooking oil sample decrease slowly, so the quality is still good. Keywords : Palm Coocing oil, refractive index, temperature, Fraunhofer diffraction method
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Qin, Yonggang, Xiaobo Feng, and Yu Liu. "Nonlinear Refractive Index in Rectangular Graphene Quantum Dots." Applied Sciences 9, no. 2 (January 17, 2019): 325. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9020325.

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Alongside its other favorable properties, the large refraction nonlinearity of graphene-related material makes it ideal for use in optoelectronics applications. Numerous experimental studies about nonlinear optical refraction have been conducted, but theoretical verification is lacking. In this paper the nonlinear refractive index for rectangular graphene quantum dots (RGQDs) was calculated using the relationship between nonlinear refractive index and the third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility. The third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility for third harmonic generation was derived employing the electronic states obtained from the Dirac equation around K point in RGQDs under hard wall boundary conditions. Results revealed that the calculated nonlinear refractive index, n 2 , was in the magnitude of 10−14 m2/W in the visible region, which is nearly five orders larger than conventional semiconductor quantum dots, while in the infrared region the nonlinear refractive index reached up to the magnitude of 10−11 m2/W for M = 3M0 sized RGQDs where the resonance enhancement occurred. The nonlinear refractive index could be tuned both by the edges and sizes.
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Trofimov V., Rosanov N. N., Yang Y., Fedorov S. V., Yu J., and Veretenov N. A. "Refraction by gas inhomogeneities during laser heating of a metal." Optics and Spectroscopy 130, no. 4 (2022): 469. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/eos.2022.04.53739.55-21.

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An analysis is made of the distribution of the refractive index near the boundary of a metal heated by laser radiation. The gradient of the refractive index of the gas, caused by the heat flux, and the distribution of the refractive index in the inhomogeneously heated gas are found. The drift of the laser beam due to the refraction of radiation in a gas is estimated, which shows an increase in the drift for narrow laser beams. Keywords: refraction in gas, gas heating, metal laser heating.
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Gutiérrez, Cristian E., and Eric Stachura. "Uniform refraction in negative refractive index materials." Journal of the Optical Society of America A 32, no. 11 (October 20, 2015): 2110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/josaa.32.002110.

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Maru, Koichi. "Design of Transmission-Type Refractive Index Sensor, Based on Silica Planar Lightwave Circuit Using Combination of Refractive Angle and Phase Measurements." Sensors 19, no. 19 (September 22, 2019): 4095. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19194095.

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A transmission-type refractive index sensor, based on planar lightwave circuit (PLC) technology is proposed. In the proposed structure, we introduce a combination of coarse measurements, using the dependence of the angle of refraction and fine measurement, and the dependence of the phase on the refractive index to measure the absolute refractive index precisely, without expensive optical measurement equipment. The theoretical model of the proposed refractive index sensor is derived based on Fourier optics and transfer function to simulate its performance. The simulation results for the use of the 2.5%-Δ silica-based PLC technology indicate that the proposed structure has the potential to achieve a refractive index error of approximately 1 × 10−6 RIU or less when a monitored power deviation of ±0.05 dB is accepted.
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ZHANG, YONG, and A. MASCARENHAS. "TOTAL AND NEGATIVE REFRACTION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES." Modern Physics Letters B 19, no. 01n02 (January 20, 2005): 21–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984905008074.

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Recently there has been a great deal of interest in an unusual category of material, that is, a material that exhibits negative refractive index or more generally negative group velocity. Perhaps the most immediate application of this type of material is in an area known as total and negative refraction, which may potentially lead to many novel optical devices. The reason that the phenomenon of total and negative refraction has become so interesting to the physics community is also due largely to the notion that this phenomenon would never occur in conventional materials with positive refractive index. It turns out that total and negative refraction can be realized even in natural crystalline materials or in artificial materials (e.g. photonic crystals) without negative (effective) refractive index. In this brief review, after providing a brief historic account for the research related to finding materials with negative group velocity and achieving negative refraction, we discuss the three primary approaches that have yielded experimental demonstrations of negative refraction, in an effort to clarify the underlying physics involved with each approach. A brief discussion on the subwavelength resolution application of the negative (effective) refractive index material is also given.
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Zheng, Yuan, Kexun Shen, Xianghe Wang, and Xing-Xing Yao. "Rainbows in Different Refractive Indices." Physics Teacher 61, no. 5 (May 1, 2023): 351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/5.0086915.

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The rainbow is a natural optical scattering and dispersion phenomenon that reveals the visible spectral composition of sunlight in the shape of an arc. People are instinctively attracted by its colorful appearance and curved shape. Hence, there are many serious studies about the rainbow with a long history. Recently, several simple experiments, adopting glass balls, acrylic spheres, spherical flasks, or sessile water drops, have been devised to demonstrate how the rainbow is formed. These works demonstrate the colors and shapes of the rainbow well and explain how the dispersive spectrum is produced by the refraction–reflection–refraction process. However, the influence of the refractive index is rarely illustrated. It is not difficult to see that the refractive index of raindrops and the atmosphere is closely related to the rainbow, especially the viewing angle of it. In this paper, we use spherical lenses with different materials and in different solutions to change the refractive index. Under a collimated light source, the evolution of the viewing angles of primary and secondary rainbows with respect to the refractive index is demonstrated. Experiments with refraction conditions similar to a natural rainbow are also conducted.
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Rogers, John R., and Mark D. Hopler. "Conversion of group refractive index to phase refractive index." Journal of the Optical Society of America A 5, no. 10 (October 1, 1988): 1595. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/josaa.5.001595.

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Zhao, Xin Yi, Yu Feng Peng, Cong Cong Zhai, Xue Yun Han, and Yi Zhang. "Influence of Inorganic Salts on the Refraction Index of Water." Applied Mechanics and Materials 716-717 (December 2014): 118–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.716-717.118.

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The refractive index of double-distilled water and inorganic salt solutions of concentrations varying from 0.4 to 100 ppt (‰) have been measured at 20 Celsius degrees using Abbe refractometer, respectively. The inorganic salts such as NaCl, MgSO4, KCl and MgCl2,these forming the major constituents of seawater are used as solutes of the water solution. The effect of the concentration of these constituents on the refractive index of the solution is experimentally investigated. And meanwhile, the index of refraction studies are carried out for the laser wavelength of 405nm, 450nm, 532nm and 633nm under the case of varying concentration. The results show that the refractive index of the solution will be linearly increased with the increase of the concentration of these constituents. The index of refraction differs for the different solutes when their concentration is same at a certain wavelength.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Refractive index"

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Li, Tsan Hang. "Theoretical study of negative refractive electromagnetic and acoustic media /." View abstract or full-text, 2004. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?PHYS%202004%20LIT.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 2004.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 124-126). Also available in electronic version. Access restricted to campus users.
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Kennedy, G. R. "Airborne measurement of radio refractive index." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.374888.

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Haigh, Neil Richard. "Holographic measurement of gradient refractive index profiles." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/47095.

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James, Jemy. "Refractive index engineering using polymer nanocomposites Surface engineering of polystyrene–cerium oxide nanocomposite thin films for refractive index enhancement." Thesis, Lorient, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORIS552.

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À travers l’histoire, la lumière a suscité le plus vif intérêt chez de nombreuses personnes curieuses, qu’il s’agisse de philosophes questionnant sa nature ou de scientifiques cherchant à interpréter les phénomènes qui lui sont associés. L’optique joue un rôle essentiel dans nombre de nos applications quotidiennes. L’indice de réfraction est l’un des facteurs les plus importants en photonique. Il est possible d’améliorer l’efficacité des dispositifs photoniques, comme les diodes électroluminescentes, les cellules photovoltaïques, etc., en réduisant la disparité des indices de réfraction des matériaux utilisés dans les dispositifs optiques. Cette thèse apporte quelques éclaircissements sur l’adaptation de l’indice de réfraction des matériaux, détaillant des aspects de l’indice de réfraction et de son ingénierie à l’aide de nanocomposites de polymère. Ce chapitre d’introduction évolue vers une discussion plus large sur l’indice de réfraction, ses différentes valeurs, et les avantages potentiels que son ingénierie pourrait générer. De minces films polymères ont été préparés et les nanoparticules ont été introduites de façon à modifier l’indice de réfraction. De la même manière, des films épais ont été préparés en utilisant du PMMA et du polystyrène, ceux-ci ayant été utilisés pour caractériser optiquement et morphologiquement les échantillons préparés. De nombreuses méthodes ont été employées pour préparer les films polymères. Des films polymères ultraminces ont également été préparés en utilisant la technique de revêtement par centrifugation, puis l’épaisseur du film de polystyrène a été modifiée afin d’étudier son impact sur l’indice de réfraction. Il a fallu surmonter plusieurs obstacles lors des recherches, comme la préparation d’un substrat ultra pur, l’uniformité du film polymère mince préparé, l’adhérence du film polymère mince sur les substrats après le coulage au solvant, etc. Tous ces défis ont été relevés grâce aux innovations détaillées dans cette thèse
Historically, light was a centre of interest for numerous inquisitive people: the philosophers who were interested in its nature and the scientists who wanted to interpret its associated phenomena. Optics is playing a pivotal role in many of our day to day applications.The refractive index is one of the most significant parameters in photonics. An increase in the efficiency of the photonic devices, like Light Emitting Diodes, Solar Cells, etc., can be achieved by reducing the refractive index mismatch of materials used in the optical devices.This thesis throws some light into the tailoring the refractive index of materials, by giving detailed aspects of refractive index and engineering of the refractive index using polymer nanocomposite. This introductory chapter evolves into a wider discussion on the refractive index and the types of refractive index and the potential leverage that can be obtained by engineering the refractive index. Polymer thin films were prepared and the nanoparticles were introduced so as to modify the refractive index. Similarly, thick polymer films were prepared using PMMA and Polystyrene and these were utilized to optically and morphologically characterize the prepared samples. Multiple methods have been utilized to prepare the polymer films. Ultra thin polymer films were also prepared using the spin coating technique and later the thickness of the polystyrene film was changed so as to understand its impact on the refractive index. There were multiple challenges to overcome while carrying out the research like the preparation of ultra pure substrate, uniformity in the prepared polymer thin film, adherence of the polymer thin film on to the substrates after solvent casting etc. All the challenges were overcome using the innovations, which are detailed in the thesis
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Eggeman, Alexander Stuart. "Design and fabrication of extreme refractive index materials." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.433250.

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Strunk, Evelyn. "Periodic Nonlinear Refractive Index of Carbon Disulfide Vapors." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2014. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/1642.

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The purpose of this thesis is to explore the nonlinear refractive index of carbon disulfide vapors as opposed to its liquid form. With CS[sub2] vapors, the vapors are less dense so they will rotate longer than liquid CS[sub2] because there are less intermolecular interactions. The electric field of the beam causes the molecules to align with the electric field and applies a torque to the molecules. After this excitation, the molecules continue rotating. The rotations change the index of refraction of the material. Continuous rotation of the molecules causes the index of refraction to be periodic which means the molecules are going through multiple revivals. I will analyze this periodic nonlinear index of refraction. However, some problems occurred while the experiment was being done as well as some issues of measuring CS[sub2] because of white light continuum generation in the cell walls. To avoid these issues we measured the air in the lab and were able to observe the periodic change of index of refraction for O[sub2] and N[sub2].
B.S.
Bachelors
Physics
Sciences
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Xiao, Yanfen [Verfasser], and Hans [Akademischer Betreuer] Zappe. "Polymer Mach-Zehnder interferometers for refractive index sensing." Freiburg : Universität, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1137466162/34.

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Barley, Susan Helen. "Photo-induced refractive index changes in siloxane polymers." Thesis, University of Reading, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.357130.

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Ubed, Muin F., Mohammed M. Shabat, and Mohammed O. Sid-Ahmed. "Numerical study of negative-refractive index ferrite waveguide." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2011. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/20572.

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Consider a magnetized ferrite-wire waveguide structure situated between two half free spaces. Ferrites to provide negative permeability and wire arrays to provide negative permittivity. The structure form left-handed material (LHM) with negative refractive index. The transmission of electromagnetic waves through the structure is investigated theoretically. Maxwell's equations are used to determine the electric and magnetic fields of the incident waves at each layer. Snell's law is applied and the boundary conditions are imposed at each layer interface to calculate the reflected and transmitted powers of the structure. Numerical results are illustrated to show the effect of frequency, applied magnetic fields, angle of incidence and LHM thickness on the mentioned powers. The analyzed results show that the transmission is very good when the permeability and permittivity of the structure are both simultaneously negative. The frequency band corresponding to this transmission can be tuned by changing the applied magnetic fields. The obtained results are in agreement with the law of conservation of energy. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/20572
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Tian, Zhaobing. "In-line optical fiber interferometric refractive index sensors." Thesis, Kingston, Ont. : [s.n.], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/1358.

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Books on the topic "Refractive index"

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Kennedy, Gerald Robert. Airborne measurement of radio refractive index. Portsmouth: Portsmouth Polytechnic, Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 1987.

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Ochs, G. R. A refractive-index structure parameter profiling system. Boulder, Colo: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Environmental Research Laboratories, Wave Propagation Laboratory, 1989.

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Ochs, G. R. A refractive-index structure parameter profiling system. Boulder, Colo: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Environmental Research Laboratories, Wave Propagation Laboratory, 1989.

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Ochs, G. R. A refractive-index structure parameter profiling system. Boulder, Colo: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Environmental Research Laboratories, Wave Propagation Laboratory, 1989.

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Ochs, G. R. A refractive-index structure parameter profiling system. Boulder, Colo: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Environmental Research Laboratories, Wave Propagation Laboratory, 1989.

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Ochs, G. R. A refractive-index structure parameter profiling system. Boulder, Colo: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Environmental Research Laboratories, Wave Propagation Laboratory, 1989.

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Ochs, G. R. A refractive-index structure parameter profiling system. Boulder, Colo: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Environmental Research Laboratories, Wave Propagation Laboratory, 1989.

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Williams, M. D. Influence of refractive index and solar concentration on optical power absorption in slabs. [Washington, D.C.]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Scientific and Technical Informationn Division, 1988.

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Ochs, G. R. Folded-path optical Cn. Boulder, Colo: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Environmental Research Laboratories, 1985.

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Ochs, G. R. Folded-path optical Cn?□instrument. Boulder, Colo: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Environmental Research Laboratories, 1985.

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Book chapters on the topic "Refractive index"

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Gooch, Jan W. "Refractive Index." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 615–20. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_9871.

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Tanio, Norihisa, and Yasuhiro Koike. "Refractive Index." In Encyclopedia of Polymeric Nanomaterials, 1–6. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36199-9_166-1.

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Weik, Martin H. "refractive index." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 1450. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_15868.

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Tanio, Norihisa, and Yasuhiro Koike. "Refractive Index." In Encyclopedia of Polymeric Nanomaterials, 2141–45. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29648-2_166.

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Fernandes da Silva, E. C. "AlAs: refractive index." In New Data and Updates for I-VII, III-V, III-VI and IV-VI Compounds, 179. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-48529-2_72.

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Fernandes da Silva, E. C. "GaAs: refractive index." In New Data and Updates for I-VII, III-V, III-VI and IV-VI Compounds, 216–17. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-48529-2_94.

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Gutowski, J. "CdTe: refractive index." In New Data and Updates for IV-IV, III-V, II-VI and I-VII Compounds, their Mixed Crystals and Diluted Magnetic Semiconductors, 333–34. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14148-5_184.

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Weik, Martin H. "surface refractive index." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 1693. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_18628.

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Weik, Martin H. "graded refractive index." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 686. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_8013.

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Panigrahi, Pradipta Kumar, and Krishnamurthy Muralidhar. "Refractive Index Methods." In Imaging Heat and Mass Transfer Processes, 1–6. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4791-7_1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Refractive index"

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Xu, Xiaojie J., and Michael E. Savard. "The Preparation of Macro Axial Gradient Index Glasses for F/3 Singlet Lenses." In Gradient-Index Optical Imaging Systems. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/giois.1994.gwa2.

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Macro-size axial gradient index glasses with different refractive index profiles have been produced by fusing together layers of glasses of progressively different indices of refraction. Smooth, step-free gradients are formed by controlled diffusion within and across the layers. The refractive index profiles and wavefront distortions of the lens blanks made from these materials were characterized. Different F/3 singlet lenses were designed and fabricated using these gradient glasses. The performance of these gradient lenses were tested using MTF and interferogram methods. These lenses, having only spherical surfaces, have practically no spherical aberration, and the on-axis performance reached diffraction limit. The methods of preparation of the gradient materials are discussed as well as the advantageous properties of macro gradients in optics.
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Tagantsev, D. K., G. I. Kurbatova, and Yu G. Korolyov. "Technology of Ultra-Thin Graded-Index Objective." In Gradient-Index Optical Imaging Systems. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/giois.1994.gtue4.

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It is known1 that the cylindrical glass sample π/2g long with the radial distribution of refractive index works as an objective, where n is the refractive index, no is the refractive index at the objective axis, g = 2 n 0 Δ n is a constant which characterizes the optical power of the objective, Δn is the refractive index drop between the side surface of the objective and its axis, h i are aberration coefficients, r is the current radius. One of the most wide-spread methods of creating the racial refractive index distribution is an ion-exchange diffusion2. The basis of such technology is the ability of alkali cations of glasses to exchange with the alkali cations of salt melts. The exchange is carried out at temperatures near glass transition ones.
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Oberson, Philippe. "Refractive-index measurement of high-refractive-index integrated-optic components." In Photonics North, edited by John C. Armitage, Simon Fafard, Roger A. Lessard, and George A. Lampropoulos. SPIE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.568332.

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Pagano, Robert J., Paul K. Manhart, and Paul T. Sherman. "Measurement of refractive index and dispersion in axial gradient material using prism refractometry." In Gradient-Index Optical Imaging Systems. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/giois.1994.gwa3.

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Axial gradient material is now fabricated via controlled diffusion of glass plates for a wide variety of optical applications. The variation in both refractive index and dispersion, through this new optical material, challenges current refractive index measurement techniques. To provide accurate characterization of refractive index, as a function of thickness, at multiple wavelengths, a prism refractometer was constructed. Multiple laser lines are spatially filtered and passed through a right-angle prism of gradient material. A movable exit slit selects the region under test along the angled back face of the prism. The selected slit of radiation is then retro-reflected back through the prism and the refracted angle is measured directly. By scanning the exit slit along the prism back face, the refractive index variation through the prism is measured at multiple wavelengths. This paper describes, in detail, the test method summarized above and reports on the precision and accuracy of this laboratory test.
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Naughton, Denis P., and Joseph J. Miceli. "Measurement of the Refractive Index Profile in Polycrystalline Germanium-Silicon Alloy GRIN Crystals." In Gradient-Index Optical Imaging Systems. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/giois.1987.thd6.

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The optical path or equivalently the refractive index as a function of spatial coordinate in gradient index germanium-silicon alloy crystals has been measured using A.C interferometric techniques. The interferometer is capable of high phase resolution and is computer controlled for real time data processing. Three crystals grown via the Czochralski method were measured. These results were compared to a theoretical model of the refractive index profile which is based on the dynamics of the growth process and the physical properties of germanium/ silicon alloys [1,2].
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Kiezun, Aleksander, Leszek R. Jaroszewicz, Jerzy Ostrowski, and Mieczyslaw Szustakowski. "Refractive-index phase transducer." In International Conference on Interferometry '94, edited by Eric Udd and Ralph P. Tatam. SPIE, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.195543.

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Acosta, Eva, Susana Rios, M. Oikawa, and K. Iga. "General Method to Fit Refractive Index of Planar Microlenses to Simplified Formula." In Gradient-Index Optical Imaging Systems. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/giois.1994.pd1.

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We present a general method to find a simplified formula for the refractive index profile of planar microlenses in terms of functional expressions containing a lower number of coefficients compared to the usual matrix fit.
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Chen, L., T. H. Pham, S. Haumont, P. C. Noutsios, and G. L. Yip. "Refractive Index Profile Determination of Graded-index (GRIN) Waveguides from Near-Field Measurements." In Gradient-Index Optical Imaging Systems. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/giois.1994.gtud4.

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Knowledge of the refractive index profile (RIP) of graded-index (GRIN) waveguides can yield important characteristics necessary for photonic device design involving ion-exchanged waveguides in glass, proton-exchanged guides in LiNbO3, or other GRIN fabrication techniques. Thus, it is very important to establish an efficient, non-destructive and accurate method to determine the RIP. In the literature, many such methods have been proposed [1, 2, 3] one of which includes the well-established inverse method of RIP reconstruction from near-field measurements of the fundamental mode intensity distribution [4, 5]. Profiles for planar and channel guides have been determined by measuring the near-field intensity with infrared vidicon tubes that need to be corrected for their non-linear response. In this paper, we propose a more accurate approach using a CCD camera to image the near-field pattern and a frame grabber to capture it pixel-by-pixel. Once this pattern is measured, a simple numerical solution of the Helmholtz equation is carried out to determine the RIP from its digitized near-field image.
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9

Miceli, Joseph J., and Denis P. Naughton. "A Model for Gradient Formation in Polycrystalline Germanium - Silicon Alloy Crystals via Czochralski Crystal Growing." In Gradient-Index Optical Imaging Systems. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/giois.1987.thd5.

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A mathematical model has been developed that describes the silicon composition gradient produced in germanium-silicon alloy crystals which have been formed via Czochralski crystal growing. This model is based on the naturally occuring segregation effect of silicon in germanium. In addition the refractive index of the alloy is described in terms of its relation to the band gap energy, which is itself dependent on the silicon concentration. A relationship between refractive index and the silicon compositon of the alloy is then derived.
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10

Rotari, Eugeniu, Larissa Glebova, and Leonid Glebov. "Refractive index modulation in photo-thermo-refractive fibers." In Lasers and Applications in Science and Engineering, edited by L. N. Durvasula, Andrew J. W. Brown, and Johan Nilsson. SPIE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.591217.

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Reports on the topic "Refractive index"

1

Yavuz, Deniz D., Nick Proite, Tyler Green, Dan Sikes, Zach Simmons, and Jared Miles. Refractive Index Enhancement in Gases. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada564016.

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2

Hart, Sean J., and Tomasz A. Leski. Refractive Index Determination of Biological Particles. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada454180.

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3

Sasan, K., R. Dylla-Spears, J. Ha, and T. Yee. Refractive Index of 3D Printed Glasses. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1829014.

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4

Yang, Chen-Jen, and Samson A. Jenekhe. Group Contribution to Molar Refraction and Refractive Index of Conjugated Polymers. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada314812.

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5

Adams, S. C., B. Dunn, and O. M. Stafsudd. Refractive Index Measurements of the Beta Aluminas. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada198237.

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6

Erskine, D. J. Refractive index change in dissociating shocked benzene. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10182801.

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7

Friehe, Carl A. Refractive Index Effects in the Marine Boundary Layer. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada627347.

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8

Guha, Shekhar, Joel M. Murray, Jean Wei, Jacob O. Barnes, and Jonathan E. Slagle. Measuring Refractive Index Using the Focal Displacement Method (Postprint). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada611871.

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9

Malowicki, John. Effective Non-Linear Refractive Index of Various Optical Materials. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada299475.

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10

Giebink, Noel. LOW REFRACTIVE INDEX OLEDS FOR PRACTICAL HIGH-EFFICIENCY OUTCOUPLING. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1877182.

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