Relevant bibliographies by topics / Refrigeration plant

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Refrigeration plant'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 14 February 2022

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Refrigeration plant.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Journal articles on the topic "Refrigeration plant"

1

La Rocca, Vincenzo, Antonio Messineo, Massimo Morale, and Domenico Panno. "Analysis of Air Cycle and Efficiency Evaluation for a Blast Freezing Tunnel Plant." Applied Mechanics and Materials 291-294 (February 2013): 1631–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.291-294.1631.

Full text
Abstract:
Air refrigerating systems offer a suitable alternative to vapour compression systems. Air can be used as working fluid in gas compression cycles for refrigeration, air conditioning and heat pump systems. This paper gives some results of theoretical investigation into improved air cycles for refrigeration systems and a comparison is made with their performances. The case-study relates to a dual purpose refrigerating plant. A blast freezing tunnel gives the coldest air stream and, in cascade, the air coming out from the tunnel is used in a channel network for feeding a lot of chilling cells. The case-study analysed indicates that there is a real possibility to build plants which will be equipped with air inverse cycles.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

KANAZAWA, Masayoshi. "Refrigeration by a Small Liquefaction Plant." TEION KOGAKU (Journal of Cryogenics and Superconductivity Society of Japan) 28, no. 4 (1993): 191–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2221/jcsj.28.191.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Złoczowska, Ewelina. "Maritime Containers Refrigeration Plant Faults Survey." New Trends in Production Engineering 1, no. 1 (October 1, 2018): 589–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ntpe-2018-0074.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract Container transport is the most popular type of sea shipping around the world. The share of reefers (refrigerated container) in the total number of containers transported is about 15%.The worldwide stock of refrigerated containers used for transportation of perishable goods is still growing, while the conventional reefer fleet is shrinking. Still, despite of clean advantages they also carry some risks. Difficult operating conditions of refrigerated containers instigate very high risk of malfunctions, including permanent damage. The majority of articles about refrigerated systems failures, focus mainly on the onshore ones. Publications describing damage of reefers are limited. Therefore, this article attempts to classify and analyze the most frequent failures of container’s refrigeration units. This issue is very important for the crew safety, natural environment and high quality product preservation. The data necessary to perform the analysis come from reports on units damaged over two years. Introduction presents the characteristic of refrigerated containers and problems which occur during their exploitation. Next, the research methodology is presented. Eventually, the research results are presented and discussed. The summary and conclusions close the work.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

d'Accadia, Massimo Dentice, and Filippo de Rossi. "Thermoeconomic optimization of a refrigeration plant." International Journal of Refrigeration 21, no. 1 (January 1998): 42–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-7007(97)00071-6.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Njoku, Ifeanyi Henry, Chika Oko, and Joseph Ofodu. "Performance Analysis of a Combined Cycle Power Plant with Simultaneous Cooling of Inlet Air Streams to the Compressor and Condenser." No 1 4, no. 1 (June 1, 2018): 2–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.51141/ijatr.2018.4.1.1.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract: This paper presents the thermodynamic performance analysis of an existing combined cycle power plant to be retrofitted with a waste heat driven aqua lithium bromide absorption refrigerator for cooling the inlet air streams to the compressor and air-cooled steam condenser. The power plant is located in the hot and humid tropical region of Nigeria, latitude 4°45′N and longitude 7°00′E. This was achieved by performing energy and exergy analysis of the integrated system. Using the operating data of the existing combined cycle power plant, the results of the analysis showed that by cooling the inlet air streams to 15oC at the compressors, and to 29oC at the air-cooled steam condenser, the net power output, thermal and exergy efficiencies of the combined cycle plant increased by 7.7%, 8.1% and 7.5% respectively while the plant total exergy destruction rate and specific fuel consumption dropped by 10.8% and 7.0% respectively. The stack flue gas exit temperature reduced from 126oC to 84oC in the absorption refrigerator, thus reducing the environmental thermal pollution. The COP and exergy efficiency of the refrigeration cycle was 0.60 and 27.0%, respectively. Results also show that the highest rate of exergy destruction in the combined cycle power plant occurred in the combustion chamber while the highest rate of exergy destruction in the absorption refrigeration cycle occurred in the evaporator followed by the absorber.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Ovcharenko, Igor, Valeriy Yenivatov, and Alexei Vyngra. "Analysis of methods to increase the efficiency of ship refrigeration plants." MATEC Web of Conferences 239 (2018): 04017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201823904017.

Full text
Abstract:
The review of the applicable methods for increasing the efficiency of ship refrigeration plants is made. For the presented methods, such as refrigerant subcooling and automatic control of compressors in refrigeration plant, the expediency of application is discussed on the assumption of marine operational conditions and using R22 and R717 refrigerants.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Radchenko1, Mykola, Andrii Radchenko1, Dariusz Mikielewicz2, Serhiy Forduy1, Anatolii Zubarev 1, and Viktor Khaldobin1. "Enhancing the exhaust heat recovery in integrated energy plant." Joupnal of New Technologies in Environmental Science 7, no. 4 (December 15, 2020): 3–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.30540/jntes-2020-4.1.

Full text
Abstract:
The efficiency of exhaust heat recovery in typical integrated energy plant on the base of reciprocating gas engines with absorption lithium-bromide chiller for combined electricity, heat and refrigeration supply of the factory "Sаndorа"–"PepsiCо Ukraine" is analyzed. The reserves of decreasing the heat exhausted into atmosphere are revealed on the base of monitoring data and their realization through conversion into refrigeration for cooling the engine cyclic air is proposed. Some scheme decisions of improved and innovative exhaust heat recovery systems providing deep heat conversing into refrigeration for engine cyclic air cooling are developeded.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Liang, Youcai, Zhibin Yu, and Wenguang Li. "A Waste Heat-Driven Cooling System Based on Combined Organic Rankine and Vapour Compression Refrigeration Cycles." Applied Sciences 9, no. 20 (October 11, 2019): 4242. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9204242.

Full text
Abstract:
In this paper, a heat driven cooling system that essentially integrated an organic Rankine cycle power plant with a vapour compression cycle refrigerator was investigated, aiming to provide an alternative to absorption refrigeration systems. The organic Rankine cycle (ORC) subsystem recovered energy from the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines to produce mechanical power. Through a transmission unit, the produced mechanical power was directly used to drive the compressor of the vapour compression cycle system to produce a refrigeration effect. Unlike the bulky vapour absorption cooling system, both the ORC power plant and vapour compression refrigerator could be scaled down to a few kilowatts, opening the possibility for developing a small-scale waste heat-driven cooling system that can be widely applied for waste heat recovery from large internal combustion engines of refrigerated ships, lorries, and trains. In this paper, a model was firstly established to simulate the proposed concept, on the basis of which it was optimized to identify the optimum operation condition. The results showed that the proposed concept is very promising for the development of heat-driven cooling systems for recovering waste heat from internal combustion engines’ exhaust gas.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

deL. Musgrove, A. R., and K. J. Maher. "Optimum cogeneration strategies for a refrigeration plant." Energy 13, no. 1 (January 1988): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0360-5442(88)90072-2.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Zhang, Jian Yi. "Optimal Configuration of Evaporative Condensers in Refrigerating Plants Based on Part Load." Advanced Materials Research 516-517 (May 2012): 1176–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.516-517.1176.

Full text
Abstract:
The operating records of a typical industrial refrigeration plant in Xiamen, China are analyzed. Based on the results, the ratio of the heat exhaust of the operating condensers to that of the total condensers is calculated over each time period to obtain the regulation of part load. The energy consumption and the payback period are calculated for two typical refrigerating plants under different schemes based on the regulation of part load. Results show that energy savings will be 53.6% when condensers are optimally configured based on such regulation. The payback period is 0.8-1.7 years in some cases, whilst in other cases there is actually no additional investment required.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Refrigeration plant"

1

Stanton, David Jeffery. "Development and testing of an underground remote refrigeration plant / David Jeffery Stanton." Thesis, North-West University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/225.

Full text
Abstract:
The objective of this study was to develop, install, and test a small underground mobile refrigeration plant (M.R.P.) to deal with some of the real problems associated with mine cooling in an operating mine. The requirement for cooling the underground environment is discussed with particular emphasis on the need for this method of cooling, with the concomitant benefits. The research investigated current methods of cooling and reasons for previous failures in (M.R.P.). Both static and dynamic simulations were conducted to increase the confidence level under operating conditions. Implementation and testing, resulted in "lessons learnt" requiring modifications, which are documented. Actual results have been recorded. These results have proved that significant cooling via (M.R.P) is feasible. Main benefits include positional efficiency, cost per kilowatt of cooling and cooling opportunities for remote areas of a mine. Finally, a proven technology is now available for large-scale implementation into the mining industry. Now the ventilation engineer has another system of cooling, which can be utilized in the quest to create an occupational environment, which meets the physical and mental health requirements of the worker.
Thesis (M.Ing.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2003.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Hamilton, Joel A. W. "Investigation into discontinuous low temperature waste heat utilisation from a renewable power plant in rural India for absorption refrigeration." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2017. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/41286/.

Full text
Abstract:
This research focusses on utilising low temperature waste heat from a rural renewable power plant for absorption refrigeration. It forms part of a collaborative "Bridging the Urban Rural Divide" (BURD) research group across the United Kingdom and India investigating rural sustainable development through the provision of renewable electricity. The group is tasked with improving the educational environment and healthcare of a 45 household community (which is part of a larger village) in West Bengal, India. Working in collaboration with the Indian Institute of Technology Bombay as part of this thesis, a projected daily electrical demand for the community of 55 kW∙h per day was calculated, providing: lighting, fans and an electrical device charging station. To allow in excess of the daily electrical demand as well as for system ancillaries at 12 kW∙h, solar trackers at 14 kW∙h and 7 kW∙h for hydrogen production, a power plant producing 90 kW∙h was specified. This included daily electricity production of 70 kW∙h during the daytime from solar via a 10 kW concentrated photovoltaic (CPV) system and 20 kW∙h in the evening from a 5 kW biogas and hydrogen internal combustion engine electrical generator (genset). The biogas is produced from anaerobic digestion of food waste and aquatic weeds, and the hydrogen is produced from the electrolysis of water in an electrolyser powered by excess solar power. An energy and exergy analysis identified the daily quantity and quality of recoverable waste heat sources at 25°C. These are the CPV with an energetic value of 109 kW∙h and an exergetic value of 32 kW∙h at 60°C and the genset radiator with an energetic value of 32 kW∙h and an exergetic value of 5 kW∙h at 80°C. The exhaust heat from the genset has been allocated for other uses and, though calculated, is outside the scope of this research. The thesis then focusses on using these low temperature waste heat sources for absorption refrigeration. The working fluids selected are acetone and zinc bromide as these had been proven in the literature to operate at temperatures below those of the expected waste heat sources without the need for rectification (the process of separating two fluid vapours from each other). Due to the local climate with high ambient temperatures, averaging 24°C to 35°C, and the relatively low waste heat source temperatures, a number of configurations of absorption refrigerator were investigated to achieve lower, and therefore more versatile, evaporator temperatures. Some of these involve utilising some of the cooling produced from either or both of the heat sources to cool the absorber and condenser. The findings were that the most energy effective way of providing low evaporator temperatures was to use a small (2%) difference in weak and strong solution concentrations and not use a proportion of the cooling generated for the absorber or condenser. By operating two independent refrigerators powered by each heat source independently, the solution concentrations could be optimised to provide the lowest possible evaporator temperatures at a given ambient temperature. At the 25°C reference ambient temperature used for the energy and exergy analysis, the CPV waste heat can provide 33.4 kW∙h of continuous cooling per day at 6°C and the genset radiator 6.3 kW∙h at 0°C. This cooling energy collectively is sufficient to replace 12.7 kW∙h of electricity that would have been used to power a vapour compression refrigerator to provide the same amount of cooling, which is equal to 22% of the electrical power provided to the village. The genset waste heat source used for absorption refrigeration can provide cooling for food and medicine storage equivalent to 6 to 8 domestic refrigerators. The CPV waste heat source can provide space cooling for a room in a health centre for 6 to 9 hours per day. The investigations within this thesis highlighted the need for intelligent control systems to optimise the availability and temperatures of the refrigerators during unfavourable ambient conditions.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Sakamoto, Nelson Mamoru. "Sazonalidade, refrigeração e diferentes tipos de recobrimento na conservação pós-colheita de estacas de cordiline (Cordyline rubra Hügel)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11136/tde-02082005-123521/.

Full text
Abstract:
O mercado mundial de floricultura gera um fluxo de quase US$ 7bilhões anuais, atualmente concentrado em países como Holanda, Alemanha, Itália, Colômbia, Costa Rica, Equador, Quênia, Tailândia, Malásia, Israel e EUA. O Brasil ainda contribui pouco, aproximadamente 0,3% do total, sendo a participação brasileira concentrada na exportação de mudas, bulbos, flores e folhagens tropicais. O Brasil possui grande potencial exportador de flores e plantas ornamentais através da organização dos produtores, profissionalização do setor, apoio governamental e desenvolvimento técnico. O emprego de técnicas simples de armazenamento poderia viabilizar o transporte por modais que não o aéreo, reduzindo custos e podendo prolongar a vida útil dos produtos, criando um diferencial de qualidade em relação aos concorrentes. Este trabalho compara cinco diferentes tipos de recobrimento em estacas de Cordyline rubra Hügel (película amilácea, pasta de parafina no ápice, pasta de parafina no ápice e vermiculita umedecida na base, saco plástico ou sem recobrimento), sazonalidade (estacas coletadas durante primavera ou outono), dois ambientes de armazenamento (ambiente refrigerado a 10ºC ou temperatura ambiente 22-32ºC) e diferentes períodos de armazenamento (30, 60, 90 ou 120 dias), a fim de reduzir sua atividade biológica, perda de água e ataque de patógenos. Foi escolhida esta espécie por ser muito apreciada como planta ornamental devido à beleza de suas folhas, e exportada na forma de estacas de diferentes tamanhos. O experimento foi conduzido nas dependências do Departamento de Produção Vegetal da Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz”, Universidade de São Paulo, no município de Piracicaba, Estado de São Paulo. Foram utilizadas 615 estacas com 30 cm de comprimento por 3 cm de diâmetro. Um lote testemunha sem armazenamento de 15 estacas foi colocado em leito de enraizamento. Cada tratamento foi composto por 30 estacas pré-tratadas (tipos de recobrimento), submetidas a diferentes períodos de armazenamento (30, 60, 90 ou 120 dias), sendo divididos em 2 sub-tratamentos de 15 estacas (temperatura ambiente ou refrigerada), totalizando 120 estacas. Após o armazenamento foram cortados 3 cm da base de cada estaca, em seguida tratadas com IBA a 10.000 mg/L e colocadas em leito de enraizamento. Após 90 dias foram avaliados os seguintes parâmetros: porcentagem de desenvolvimento, número e massas de matéria fresca e seca de brotos, raízes e rizomas. Observou-se que as estacas colhidas na primavera apresentaram melhor enraizamento e produção de massas secas e frescas. Os menores períodos de armazenamento proporcionam melhor desenvolvimento das estacas, bem como estacas armazenadas em ambiente refrigerado apresentaram melhores resultados do que as mantidas em temperatura ambiente. Os tipos de recobrimento que melhor conservaram as estacas, em ordem decrescente de resultados, foram o saco plástico, parafina no ápice e vermiculita umedecida na base, parafina no ápice, película de amido e sem recobrimento. Conclui-se que o método mais prático foi embalar as estacas em sacos plásticos por não necessitar de fonte de calor para o preparo da película. Quanto maiores os períodos de armazenamento, menores desenvolvimentos de brotos, raízes e rizomas; os melhores resultados foram obtidos com estacas colhidas na primavera e armazenadas em ambiente refrigerado.
The world market of floriculture, generates an annual flow of US$ 7billion, is currently based on countries like The Netherlands, Germany, Italy, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Kenya, Thayland, Malaysia, Israel and the USA. The Brazilian contribution to the total world market is approximately 0.3%, where the mains exports are cuttings, bulbs, tropical fresh cut flowers and foliages. Brazil, however, has a great potential to increase its export of flowers and other ornamental plants through the better organization of producers, professionalization of the sector, government support and technical development. The use of simple storage techniques, would enable the transport through other means than airplanes, consequently reducing costs and adding extra shelf life to the product, creating a quality differentiation in relation to competitors. This work was aimed at comparing five types of coating of Cordyline rubra Hügel cuttings (starch film, paraffin paste at the apex, paraffin past at the apex associated with moist vermiculite at the base of the cuttings, plastic bags or no coating), seasonality (cuttings harvested during spring or autumn), two types of enviromental temperatures (refrigeration under 10ºC or environmental temperature between 22-32ºC) and different lengths of time on storage (30, 60, 90 or 120 days), in order to reduce their biologycal activity, water loss and pathogen attacks. This specie is very appreciated as an ornamental plant due to the beauty of their foliage and is exported as cuttings of different sizes. The experiment was carried out at the Departament of Plant Production at “Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture, University of Sao Paulo, in Piracicaba City, Sao Paulo State, Brazil. A total of 615 cuttings were used, each measuring 30 cm by 3 cm diameter. A control group of 15 cuttings without storage was planted on rooting bed. Each treatment was comprised of 30 pre-coated cuttings (types of coating), stored at different periods (30.60, 90 or 120 days) and split into 2 sub-treatments of 15 cuttings, either stored at room temperature or under refrigeration, summing up 120 cuttings. After storage, each cutting had 3 cm excised from its base, prior to being treated with IBA 10.000 mg/L and placed at rooting beds. After 90 days, the following parameters were assessed: percentage of cuttings showing growth and development, number and fresh and dry matter of the shoots, roots and rhizoms. It was observed that cuttings obtained during the spring, showed better rooting and production of biomass. The shorter the storage periods the better the cutting sprouting. Cuttings stored under refrigeration showed better results than kept under room temperature. The types of coatings which best supported the longevity of the cuttings, in decrease order, were: plastic bag, paraffin paste at the apex and moist vermiculite at the base, paraffin on the apex, starch film and no coating. Such results allow to conclude that the most practical coating technique was found to be the use of plastic bags, which did not need heating for the prepare of the film. The longer the storage time the smallest the number of viable cuttings; best results where observed for cuttings harvested during the spring and kept under refrigeration storage.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Franco, Ivan Carlos 1976. "Controle preditivo baseado em modelo neuro-fuzzy de sistemas não-lineares aplicado em sistema de refrigeração = Model predictive control based on neuro-fuzzy nonlinear systems applied to a refrigeration plant." [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/266817.

Full text
Abstract:
Orientador: Flávio Vasconcelos da Silva
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Química
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-20T15:14:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Franco_IvanCarlos_D.pdf: 30656846 bytes, checksum: 73b0216f94ce7393fb51d78cc6e4ea7f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012
Resumo: Os sistemas de refrigeração estão presentes em diferentes ramos da indústria e caracterizam-se como grandes consumidores de energia com considerável comportamento não-linear. Inúmeros trabalhos vêm sido desenvolvidos para promover a redução dos gastos energéticos e a minimização dos efeitos das não-linearidades nestes sistemas. A aplicação da automação e do controle de processos, particularmente o uso de técnicas avançadas de controle, são estratégias amplamente utilizadas para esta finalidade. O Controle Preditivo baseado em Modelos (MPC) é capaz de estabilizar processos onde há não-linearidades, sendo promissora a sua aplicação em sistemas de refrigeração. Neste trabalho, foi desenvolvido um SIStema de MOnitoramento e Controle Avançado para Refrigeração (SISMOCAR) capaz de monitorar, em tempo real, através da comunicação OPC (OLE for Process Control), todas as variáveis envolvidas no ciclo de refrigeração e também realizar o controle das variáveis de interesse. Modelos Takagi-Sugeno (SISO) para a predição das temperaturas de evaporação (Te) e do fluido secundário (Tp) foram desenvolvidos e validados, a partir da técnica ANFIS (Adaptative Network based Fuzzy Inference Systems), com análise de desempenho baseado no cálculo do VAF (Variance accounted for). Os modelos Takagi-Sugeno validados foram utilizados como base para Controladores Preditivos, mais especificamente um Controlador Preditivo Generalizado (GPC). Os controladores GPC's foram desenvolvidos sem restrições na função objetivo da ação do controlador. Foram projetados diferentes controladores preditivos para diferentes regras locais (Regras Fuzzy), sendo a ação global do controlador a integração ponderada dos modelos locais. Foram desenvolvidos três diferentes controladores: GPC1 (controle da temperatura de evaporação utilizando modelo de predição da Te em função da frequência do compressor); GPC2 (controle da temperatura do propilenoglicol utilizando modelo de predição da Tp em função da frequência do compressor) e GPC3 (controle da temperatura do propilenoglicol utilizando o modelo de predição da Tp em função da frequência da bomba do evaporador). Os testes realizados para rastreamento do set-point (±1 °C), com carga térmica constante de 3000 W, mostraram-se satisfatórios sendo os melhores desempenhos apresentados pelos controladores GPC1 e GPC2 onde o desvio da variável controlada em relação ao set point, dos respectivos controladores, ficou em torno de ± 0,3 °C
Abstract: Refrigeration systems can be found in many different branches of industry and are characterized as great energy consumers with considerable non-linear behavior. Several studies have been developed to promote the reduction of energy costs and to minimize the effects of nonlinearities in these systems. The use of automation and process control, particularly the use of advanced control techniques, is a widely used strategy for this purpose. The Model Predictive Control (MPC) is capable of stabilizing processes in which there are nonlinearities, and it is a promising application in refrigeration systems. In this work, a System for Monitoring and Advanced Control in Refrigeration (SISMOCAR) was developed using OPC (OLE for Process Control) communication. This feature allowed beyond real time monitoring for all variables involved in the refrigeration cycle, the control of the relevant variables. Furthermore, to predict the evaporating (Te) and the secondary fluid (Tp) temperatures, Takagi-Sugeno models (SISO) were developed and validated using the ANFIS (Adaptive Network-based Fuzzy Inference Systems) technique, with performance analysis based on the VAF (Variance accounted for) calculation. The validated Takagi-Sugeno models were used as basis for Predictive Controllers, specifically using Generalized Predictive Controller (GPC) strategy. The GPC controllers were developed without constraints in the objective function of the controller action. Different predictive controllers were designed for different local rules (Fuzzy Rules), being the weighted integration of the local models the controller global action. Three different controllers were developed: GPC1 (evaporating temperature control using the Te predictive model as a function of compressor frequency); GPC2 (control of propylene glycol temperature using the Tp predictive model as a function of compressor frequency) and GPC3 (control of propylene glycol temperature using the Tp predictive model as a function of the frequency of the evaporator pump). The tests performed for the set-point tracking (± 1 °C), with constant thermal load of 3000 W, were considered satisfactory and best performances were those obtained by GPC1 and GPC2 controllers, in which the controlled variable was around ± 0,3 °C
Doutorado
Sistemas de Processos Quimicos e Informatica
Doutor em Engenharia Química
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Terra, Felipe de Angelis Monteiro. "Métodos combinados para destanização e conservação pós-colheita de caquis \'Giombo\'." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11136/tde-26112010-111608/.

Full text
Abstract:
O presente trabalho teve como objetivo verificar a possibilidade de combinação de diferentes técnicas de pós-colheita em caquis cv. Giombo destanizados com álcool etílico, visando o aumento da conservação pós-colheita desses frutos através da manutenção da firmeza de polpa durante o armazenamento. Para tanto, aplicou-se o armazenamento refrigerado, associado à aplicação de 1-metilciclopropeno e destanização através de vapores de álcool etílico. No primeiro experimento os frutos foram acondicionados em câmaras de destanização, sendo submetidos à dosagem fixa de álcool etílico (3,50 mL Kg-1) durante 12 horas e a aplicação de uma dosagem fixa de 1000 nL L-1 de 1-metilciclopropeno (1-MCP) também durante 12 horas, sendo que a diferenciação entre os tratamentos foi obtida de acordo com o momento da destanização, da aplicação de 1-MCP e da combinação entre eles. Todos os frutos foram armazenados durante 30 dias sob refrigeração a 5 ± 1°C e 90 ± 5% UR e, posteriormente, em temperatura ambiente (25°C e 90 ± 5% UR) durante 15 dias. No segundo experimento, os frutos de caqui foram acondicionados em câmaras de destanização e submetidos aos mesmos processos do primeiro experimento. Os tratamentos foram obtidos através da combinação entre o momento da destanização e aplicação do 1-MCP e após serem submetidos aos tratamentos, sendo que a aplicação do 1-MCP foi realizada antes, durante ou após a destanização. Os frutos foram armazenados a temperatura ambiente (25 ± 1°C e 90 ± 5% UR) durante 15 dias. As determinações realizadas foram: firmeza de polpa, índice de adstringência, pH, teor de sólidos solúveis, teor de taninos solúveis, cor de casca e cor de polpa. As avaliações foram realizadas antes da aplicação dos tratamentos (caracterização do fruto), 1 dia após o tratamento e a cada 2 dias sucessivamente, durante 15 dias. No primeiro experimento os frutos tratados com 1-MCP e os frutos do controle apresentaram maior firmeza de polpa no final do período de análises em relação aqueles tratados apenas com etanol. Em contrapartida, os frutos que foram submetidos ao etanol apresentaram rápida perda de adstringência enquanto os frutos não tratados e aqueles tratados apenas com 1-MCP se mantiveram adstringentes durante os 15 dias de análises. No segundo experimento, resultados semelhantes aos do primeiro experimento foram obtidos em relação à diminuição da adstringência, com a ressalva de que essa diminuição ocorreu mais lentamente. Em relação à firmeza de polpa dos frutos poucas diferenças foram observadas até o final do período de armazenamento, quando os frutos tratados com 1-MCP se mostraram um pouco mais firmes que os outros. A aplicação de 1-MCP (1000 nL L-1) não interfere na remoção de adstringência com etanol em caquis Giombo armazenados sob refrigeração e a temperatura ambiente, além de permitir a manutenção da firmeza dos frutos. O 1-MCP, quando aplicado isoladamente, retarda o amadurecimento e a remoção natural da adstringência.
The present work had aimed to verify the possibility of combine different postharvest techniques in Giombo persimmon, submitted to astringency removal process with ethyl alcohol, aiming to enhance de postharvest conservation of these fruits trough the maintenance of flesh firmness during storage. To achieve this, different kinds of technologies already in use in postharvest of vegetables products, as cold storage, application of 1-methylcyclopropene and astringency removal using ethyl alcohol, were combined. In a first experiment persimmon were packed in astringency removal chambers, being undertaken to an unchanged dose of ethyl alcohol (3.50 mL Kg-1) during 12 hours and to an application of an unchanged dose of 1,000 nL L-1 of 1- methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) also during 12 hours. The differentiation between treatments was obtained according to the moment of astringency removal process, of 1- MCP application and the combination among them. All fruit were stored during 30 days under refrigeration at 5 ± 1°C e 90 ± 5% RH and after this period the fruits were stored at room temperatures (25°C and 90 ± 5% RH) during 15 days. In the second experiment, as in the previous experiment, fruit were packed in astringency removal chambers and were undertaken to the same procedures already described above, being utilized the same dosages. The treatments were obtained according the moment of astringency removal process and 1-MCP application, being that the 1-MCP application were made before, during or after the astringency removal process. After being undertaken to the treatments, fruit were stored at room temperature (25 ± 1°C and 90 ± 5% RH) during 15 days. The parameters analyzed were pulp firmness, astringency index, pH, soluble solids content, soluble tannins content, peel color and pulp color. The evaluation was performed before treatments application (fruit characterization), at the first day after treatments application and then every other day during 15 days. In the first experiment fruits treated with 1-MCP and fruit from control presented higher flesh firmness at the end of analyses period in relation to those treated only with ethanol. However, fruit undertaken to ethanol presented quick astringency loss while not treated fruits and fruits treated only with 1-MCP maintained astringency during the 15 days of analyses. In the second experiment, the results obtained were similar to those of the first experiment in relation to astringency losses, but in this experiment, astringency loss took a few more days to happen. In relation to fruit flesh firmness few differences were observed until the end of storage period, when fruit treated with 1-MCP were a little firmer than the others. The application of 1-MCP (1,000 nL L-1) does not interfere on ethanol astringency removal of Giombo persimmons previously stored in cold temperatures or not and it decelerate firmness losses on these fruits. The 1-MCP, when applied alone, slows ripening and natural astringency loss.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Tambovtsev, Alexander. "Energieeinsparung in Kälteanlagen durch Kombination von thermostatischem Expansionsventil und innerem Wärmeübertrager." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2008. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-ds-1218482331656-43301.

Full text
Abstract:
Die Erfindung der Kältemaschine macht es möglich, dass heute zu beliebiger Zeit Kälte in benötigter Menge und gewünschter Temperatur erzeugt werden kann. Aber für die Kälteerzeugung braucht man Antriebsenergie. Das Ziel dieser Doktorarbeit besteht darin, mit einer intelligenten Kombination von thermostatischem Expansionsventil (TEV) und innerem Wärmeübertrager (IWÜ) den Energieverbrauch von Kälteanlagen deutlich zu verringern, ohne dass dies zu einer Verschlechterung der Zuverlässigkeit oder wesentlichen Mehrkosten führt. Bis heute gelten die beiden bekannten Komponenten TEV und IWÜ als inkompatibel miteinander, weil die einfache Aneinanderreihung zu einem instabilen Regelverhalten führt. Nach detaillierter Analyse der Ursachen dieser Instabilität wird die Hypothese aufgestellt, dass durch eine absichtliche „Verschlechterung“ des IWÜ ein stabiler Arbeitsbereich gefunden werden kann. Bei dieser „Verschlechterung“ kann es sich z. B. um den Bypass eines Teils des Hochdruckstromes oder um eine Gleichstromanordnung der Ströme im Wärmeübertrager handeln. Diese Hypothese wurde primär durch Experimente, aber zusätzlich auch durch Simulationsrechnungen bestätigt. Dafür wurde ein Versuchsstand aufgebaut, mit welchem verschiedene Konfigurationen und Regelstrategien getestet wurden. Es wurde eine deutliche Verringerung des Energieverbrauchs gegenüber herkömmlichen Anordnungen erreicht.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Tambovtsev, Alexander. "Energieeinsparung in Kälteanlagen durch Kombination von thermostatischem Expansionsventil und innerem Wärmeübertrager." Doctoral thesis, Technische Universität Dresden, 2007. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A23656.

Full text
Abstract:
Die Erfindung der Kältemaschine macht es möglich, dass heute zu beliebiger Zeit Kälte in benötigter Menge und gewünschter Temperatur erzeugt werden kann. Aber für die Kälteerzeugung braucht man Antriebsenergie. Das Ziel dieser Doktorarbeit besteht darin, mit einer intelligenten Kombination von thermostatischem Expansionsventil (TEV) und innerem Wärmeübertrager (IWÜ) den Energieverbrauch von Kälteanlagen deutlich zu verringern, ohne dass dies zu einer Verschlechterung der Zuverlässigkeit oder wesentlichen Mehrkosten führt. Bis heute gelten die beiden bekannten Komponenten TEV und IWÜ als inkompatibel miteinander, weil die einfache Aneinanderreihung zu einem instabilen Regelverhalten führt. Nach detaillierter Analyse der Ursachen dieser Instabilität wird die Hypothese aufgestellt, dass durch eine absichtliche „Verschlechterung“ des IWÜ ein stabiler Arbeitsbereich gefunden werden kann. Bei dieser „Verschlechterung“ kann es sich z. B. um den Bypass eines Teils des Hochdruckstromes oder um eine Gleichstromanordnung der Ströme im Wärmeübertrager handeln. Diese Hypothese wurde primär durch Experimente, aber zusätzlich auch durch Simulationsrechnungen bestätigt. Dafür wurde ein Versuchsstand aufgebaut, mit welchem verschiedene Konfigurationen und Regelstrategien getestet wurden. Es wurde eine deutliche Verringerung des Energieverbrauchs gegenüber herkömmlichen Anordnungen erreicht.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Al-Dadah, Raya Khalil. "Electrohydrodynamic boiling heat transfer enhancement at the evaporator of refrigeration plants." Thesis, London South Bank University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.386293.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Rocha, Márcio Andrade. "Estudo teórico - experimental de um sistema de refrigeração por absorção de duplo efeito em série usando o par água / brometo de lítio." Universidade Federal da Paraí­ba, 2010. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/5422.

Full text
Abstract:
Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-08T15:00:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 2486004 bytes, checksum: 58c7f8984b6313c965d4ab70e1483555 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-09-30
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
The present paper describes an theoretical-experimental study of an double effect absorption refrigeration machine in series that uses the waste heat from the exhaust fumes of an internal combustion engine as an energy source for the steam generator. Stress that the machine being used was designed and built on the premises of the Federal University of Paraíba in the Institute of Sustainable Energy and recog-IES laboratory, Cooperative Research Network North / Northeast Natural Gas. This study aims to describe the constructive aspects of a pilot plant with cooling capacity of around 0.5 TR, emphasizing discussion relation to the accuracy, errors, difficulties, problems identified and solutions found during the construction processes, testing, operation, data acquisition and evaluation of the pilot plant.
O presente trabalho descreve um estudo teórico-experimental de uma máquina de refrigeração por absorção de duplo efeito em série usando o par água brometo de lítio e que utiliza o rejeito de calor proveniente dos gases de escapamento de um motor de combustão interna como fonte energética para o gerador de vapor de vapor de alta. A máquina está sendo desenvolvida nas próprias instalações da Universidade Federal da Paraíba no laboratório do Instituto de Energia Sustentável IES e RECOGÀS, Rede Cooperativa de Pesquisa Norte/Nordeste de Gás Natural. Este estudo visa descrever os aspectos construtivos de uma unidade piloto com capacidade frigorífica em torno de 0,5 TR, dando ênfase a discussões em relação aos acertos, erros, dificuldades obtidas, problemas identificados e soluções encontradas durante os processos de construção, testes, funcionamento, aquisição de dados e avaliação da unidade piloto. É feito também uma comparação dos dados experimentais com os resultados obtidos de um modelo termodinâmico baseado nos conceitos de energia e exergia. O código computacional é desenvolvido em plataforma EES (Engineering Equation Solver), aproveitando a facilidade de obtenção das propriedades, sobretudo, da solução água brometo de lítio.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Lagos, Arcangel. "Heat transfer enhancement in DX evaporators." Thesis, London South Bank University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.311210.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Books on the topic "Refrigeration plant"

1

Analysis of engineering cycles: Power, refrigerating, and gas liquefaction plant. 4th ed. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1991.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Analysis of engineering cycles, worked problems: Power, refrigerating, and gas liquefaction plant. Oxford [Oxfordshire]: Pergamon Press, 1986.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Johnson, Ronald A. A feasibility study for waste-heat driven absorption refrigeration plants in Alaska. [Alaska]: The Authority, 1990.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Office, Energy Efficiency. The economic use of refrigeration plant. 1993.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Great Britain. Energy Efficiency Office., ed. The Economic use of refrigeration plant. London: Energy Efficiency Office, 1986.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Great Britain. Energy Efficiency Office., ed. The Economic use of refrigeration plant. London: Energy Efficiency Office, 1994.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Great Britain. Energy Efficiency Office. and Atomic Energy Research Establishment. Energy Technology Support Unit., eds. Refrigeration plant: The scope for improving energy efficiency. Newmarket: Energy Publications, 1985.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Refrigeration plant: The scope for improving energy efficiency. Newmarket, England: Energy Publications, 1985.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Great Britain. Energy Efficiency Office., Atomic Energy Research Establishment. Energy Technology Support Unit., and March Consulting Group, eds. Industrial refrigeration plant: Energy efficient operation and maintenance. Harwell: ETSU and March Consulting Group, 1994.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Grimmelius, Hugo. Condition Monitoring for Marine Refrigeration Plants: Based on Process Models. IOS Press/Delft University Press, 2005.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Book chapters on the topic "Refrigeration plant"

1

Pitt, A. J. "Refrigeration plant." In Cold and Chilled Storage Technology, 211–37. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1127-0_7.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Koelet, P. C., and T. B. Gray. "Plant Maintenance." In Industrial Refrigeration, 396–418. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-11433-7_13.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Gistau Baguer, Guy. "Operation of a Helium Refrigeration Plant." In Cryogenic Helium Refrigeration for Middle and Large Powers, 497–521. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51677-2_10.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Gistau Baguer, Guy. "Maintenance of a Helium Refrigeration Plant." In Cryogenic Helium Refrigeration for Middle and Large Powers, 523–56. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51677-2_11.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

McPherson, Malcolm J. "Refrigeration plant and mine air conditioning systems." In Subsurface Ventilation and Environmental Engineering, 651–738. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1550-6_18.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Powell, R., and H. Quack. "A Refrigeration Plant Concept for the SSC." In Supercollider 2, 199–208. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3728-1_17.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Gistau Baguer, Guy. "Commissioning Tests of a Refrigeration-Liquefaction Plant." In Cryogenic Helium Refrigeration for Middle and Large Powers, 585–612. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51677-2_14.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Gistau Baguer, Guy. "A Helium Plant (System) Technical Specification." In Cryogenic Helium Refrigeration for Middle and Large Powers, 577–83. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51677-2_13.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Shinde, A. B., and S. N. Sapali. "Waste Heat Recovery from Walls of the Combustion Chamber of a New Portable Jaggery Plant to Dry Bagasse." In Advances in Air Conditioning and Refrigeration, 427–36. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6360-7_39.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Clausen, M., C. Gerke, G. Horlitz, H. Lierl, K. D. Nowakowski, S. Rettig, W. Stahlschmidt, et al. "Performance Test of the Hera 3 × 6500 w Helium Refrigeration Plant." In A Cryogenic Engineering Conference Publication, 559–67. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-9874-5_68.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Conference papers on the topic "Refrigeration plant"

1

Urbin, J., and R. D. Nolte. "Large helium refrigeration plant operating experience." In 2007 IEEE Particle Accelerator Conference (PAC). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pac.2007.4440356.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Rasmussen, Henrik, and Lars F. S. Larsen. "Energy efficient control of a refrigeration plant." In 2009 IEEE International Conference on Control Applications (CCA). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cca.2009.5281156.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Green, Torben, Roozbeh Razavi-Far, Roozbeh Izadi-Zamanabadi, and Henrik Niemann. "Plant-wide performance optimisation - The refrigeration system case." In 2012 IEEE International Conference on Control Applications (CCA). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cca.2012.6402667.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Rasmussen, Henrik. "Nonlinear superheat and capacity control of a refrigeration plant." In 2008 IEEE International Conference on Control Applications (CCA) part of the IEEE Multi-Conference on Systems and Control. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cca.2008.4629577.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Rasmussen, Henrik. "Adaptive superheat control of a refrigeration plant using backstepping." In 2008 International Conference on Control, Automation and Systems (ICCAS). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccas.2008.4694582.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Rasmussen, H. "Nonlinear superheat control of a refrigeration plant using backstepping." In IECON 2008 - 34th Annual Conference of IEEE Industrial Electronics Society. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iecon.2008.4757967.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Rasmussen, Henrik, and Lars F. S. Larsen. "Nonlinear superheat and capacity control of a refrigeration plant." In 2009 17th Mediterranean Conference on Control and Automation (MED). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/med.2009.5164688.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Ellerbrock, Dean. "Ammonia Refrigeration Automation and Efficiencies." In ASME 2001 Citrus Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/cec2001-4702.

Full text
Abstract:
Not so long ago most compressor rooms were operated manually. They utilized people to turn the refrigeration equipment on/off. In that case, refrigeration ran whether it was needed or not. Recently, several plants have installed centralized automated refrigeration systems that have increased their operating efficiencies. However, there is still a tendency to overlook the refrigeration requirements for optimum efficiencies. Plants keep growing, more production, additional storage and then get by with their existing refrigeration equipment. One of the first question’s that comes to mind. How much of the electrical bill is consumed for refrigeration in my plant? Some of you might have that answer. After speaking with engineers in Citrus, Dairy, Meat, and Cold Storage Warehousing, we found that their refrigeration electrical bill was 60% to 85% of the total bill. So where do we go from here? Paper published with permission.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Kuosa, Maunu, Jari Backman, Timo Talonpoika, Petri Sallinen, Jaakko Larjola, and Juha Honkatukia. "Refrigeration Process With High Speed Technology." In ASME 1998 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/98-gt-532.

Full text
Abstract:
The aim of this study was to make a computer program that simulates a standard refrigeration process, and a process provided with a bubble intercooler. A further object of the study was to establish the suitability of a turbocompressor for small refrigeration plants. Firstly the fundamentals of refrigeration machines and industrial refrigeration systems are discussed. An iteration procedure of steady state refrigeration process calculation is introduced. Fluid properties are calculated with the program units created for the modelling of an ORC power plant. Specific input files were made for 6 process fluids R134a, R123, isopentane, isobutane, toluene and ammonia. The compressor program is linked to the refrigeration process simulation program in order to model single stage and two stage radial compressors. The Turbo Pascal program made for microcomputers is modular, which makes it possible to develop and test the program unit by unit. The maximum deviations of fluid properties from those in tables was found to be less than 1 per cent. To simulate tailor-made refrigeration plants, a simple model is required. On nominal loads the program estimates an optimum intermediate pressure for the bubble process and optimum rotational speed for the radial compressor(s). The lowering of the rotational speed by an inverter gives high COP-values on partial loads of the plant. Based on the example calculation, a two stage turbocompressor calculated with isopentane as the working fluid, a cooling capacity of 1200 W seems to be feasible.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Leiva, Roberto, Rodrigo Escobar, José Cardemil, Diego-Cesar Alarcón-Padilla, Javier Uche, and Amaya Martinez. "Exergy Cost Decomposition and Comparison of Integrating Seawater Desalination Plant, Refrigeration Plant, Process Heat Plant in a Concentrated Solar Power Plant." In ISES Solar World Conference 2017 and the IEA SHC Solar Heating and Cooling Conference for Buildings and Industry 2017. Freiburg, Germany: International Solar Energy Society, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18086/swc.2017.04.09.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Reports on the topic "Refrigeration plant"

1

Brown, D. R., D. R. Dixon, and G. E. Spanner. Impact evaluation of a refrigeration control system installed at Vitamilk Dairy, Incorporated under the Energy $avings Plan. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/50901.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Hutchinson, M. L., J. E. L. Corry, and R. H. Madden. A review of the impact of food processing on antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in secondary processed meats and meat products. Food Standards Agency, October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.bxn990.

Full text
Abstract:
For meat and meat products, secondary processes are those that relate to the downstream of the primary chilling of carcasses. Secondary processes include maturation chilling, deboning, portioning, mincing and other operations such as thermal processing (cooking) that create fresh meat, meat preparations and ready-to-eat meat products. This review systematically identified and summarised information relating to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) during the manufacture of secondary processed meatand meat products (SPMMP). Systematic searching of eight literature databases was undertaken and the resultantpapers were appraised for relevance to AMR and SPMMP. Consideration was made that the appraisal scores, undertaken by different reviewers, were consistent. Appraisal reduced the 11,000 initially identified documents to 74, which indicated that literature relating to AMR and SPMMP was not plentiful. A wide range of laboratory methods and breakpoint values (i.e. the concentration of antimicrobial used to assess sensitivity, tolerance or resistance) were used for the isolation of AMR bacteria.The identified papers provided evidence that AMR bacteria could be routinely isolated from SPMMP. There was no evidence that either confirmed or refuted that genetic materials capable of increasing AMR in non-AMR bacteria were present unprotected (i.e. outside of a cell or a capsid) in SPMMP. Statistical analyses were not straightforward because different authors used different laboratory methodologies.However, analyses using antibiotic organised into broadly-related groups indicated that Enterobacteriaceaeresistant to third generation cephalosporins might be an area of upcoming concern in SPMMP. The effective treatment of patients infected with Enterobacteriaceaeresistant to cephalosporins are a known clinical issue. No AMR associations with geography were observed and most of the publications identified tended to be from Europe and the far east.AMR Listeria monocytogenes and lactic acid bacteria could be tolerant to cleaning and disinfection in secondary processing environments. The basis of the tolerance could be genetic (e.g. efflux pumps) or environmental (e.g. biofilm growth). Persistent, plant resident, AMR L. monocytogenes were shown by one study to be the source of final product contamination. 4 AMR genes can be present in bacterial cultures used for the manufacture of fermented SPMMP. Furthermore, there was broad evidence that AMR loci could be transferred during meat fermentation, with refrigeration temperatures curtailing transfer rates. Given the potential for AMR transfer, it may be prudent to advise food business operators (FBOs) to use fermentation starter cultures that are AMR-free or not contained within easily mobilisable genetic elements. Thermal processing was seen to be the only secondary processing stage that served as a critical control point for numbers of AMR bacteria. There were significant linkages between some AMR genes in Salmonella. Quaternary ammonium compound (QAC) resistance genes were associated with copper, tetracycline and sulphonamide resistance by virtue of co-location on the same plasmid. No evidence was found that either supported or refuted that there was any association between AMR genes and genes that encoded an altered stress response or enhanced the survival of AMR bacteria exposed to harmful environmental conditions.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
You might also be interested in the extended bibliographies on the topic 'Refrigeration plant' for particular source types:
Journal articles Dissertations / Theses
We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!

To the bibliography