Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Refugees. Health and hygiene, Zambia'
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Nanyangwe, Lenganji. "Location, dislocation and risk for HIV: a case study of refugee adolescents in Zambia." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2006. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
Full textmost poverty stricken continent than any other.
The implications of these displacements of people dislocated from their places of habitual residence create much concern, particularly in the wake of the HIV/AIDS pandemic. Such dislocations and displacements imply separation from family and communities, including socio-economic benefits that accrue to them. There is an apparent problem of accessing health services, educational services, sources of livelihood and protection from sexual and emotional abuse. Refugee children and women are said to be the most vulnerable, although until recently adolescents in armed conflict were not considered as a
special group of children requiring special attention. The main objective of this research was to investigate levels of risk for HIV among refugee adolescents in Zambia and to determine how location relates to risk. Of particular interest was the difference in risk experienced in rural and urban areas. The researcher&rsquo
s hypothesis was that refugee adolescents in rural camps of Zambia are at greater risk because they lack adequate sources of income, health, and education in comparison to urban areas. The research was located within two theoretical underpinnings namely the social cognitive theory and the AIDS Risk Reduction Model (ARRM). The theory posits that a reciprocal relationship exists between environmental contexts, personal factors and behavior. The model explains how people change behavior that reduces risk for HIV by changing perceptions on sexual activity and when they enact the knowledge obtained from HIV preventive programmes. The methodology was located within both the qualitative and quantitative research
approaches. Qualitative because firstly, the research is a comparative case study and secondly, it is the first time such a study is being conducted. The researcher also made use of the quantitative through the survey and secondary HIV/AIDS statistical data.
Davie, Mulenga. "The health related quality of life of refugees with disabilities in Zambia." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2010. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_8750_1305531939.
Full textThis study attests to the fact that disability is an issue in conflict-affected populations, in particular refugees. Refugees with disabilities living in Mayukwayukwa refugee camp also have poor HRQOL similar to other studies. Education was the only variable significantly correlated to the psychological and social domains of the HRQOL. The study highlighted that environmental and personal variables played a role in the determination of health related quality of life among refugees with disabilities.
Venable, Dianne Fae. "Soviet Pentecostal Refugees' Health and Their Religious Beliefs: An Exploratory Study." PDXScholar, 1992. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4567.
Full textChanda, Emmanuel. "Optimizing impact assessment of entomological intervention for malaria control in an operational setting in Zambia." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2011. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3413/.
Full textHanyinda, Kelvin. "The availability and adequacy of water, sanitation and hygiene (wash) infrastructure in 13 mission hospitals in rural Zambia." University of the Western Cape, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6939.
Full textBackground and Rationale The World Health Organization (WHO) has shown that the provision of Water Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) in Health Care Facilities (HCFs) of many low and middle-income countries is poor. This is compounded by the lack of national plans and consolidated data on WASH in HCFs. This study assessed the availability and adequacy of Water Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) infrastructure in 13 mission hospitals spanning 13 districts in Zambia. The objectives of this study were to identify the different kinds of WASH infrastructure available, and their adequacy, and factors influencing the status of WASH infrastructure and services in the selected hospitals. Methodology This study had a mixed methods design with semi-quantitative, descriptive and qualitative components. Assessments were conducted of the WASH infrastructure on the hospital property, and specifically in the male medical wards and outpatient facilities as two tracer areas, using a WHO checklist adapted and administered by the researcher. Checklist items were assigned scores (0=absent/bad to 2=on target/good) and total WASH scores for each facility compiled. For the qualitative component, individual semi-structured interviews using an interview guide were conducted, also by the researcher, with the facility managers and the head staff of the male medical wards. Results Overall coverage with an improved water source was reasonably good with 11 of the 13 hospitals reporting availability of improved water sources within the facilities. Hand washing basin coverage was similarly good. In contrast, coverage by well-functioning toilets was not as high, with 5 hospitals reporting toilets that were either broken, blocked, or having no running water and no toilet paper. Facility WASH scores varied from 22 (38%) to 57 (97%) out of a possible total of 58 points. Most of the Facility Managers indicated that the hospital WASH infrastructure was old, and with frequent breakdowns. This was worsened by lack of readily available spares and materials for repairing once there was a fault. Conclusion This study reveals an uneven coverage of WASH across facilities and elements, with poor sanitation a challenge across facilities. This is compounded by ongoing challenges in WASH infrastructure maintenance. Moving forward, there is need for government to develop a clear policy on WASH in HCFs. A national plan with resources and a monitoring framework need to be in place for streamlined support and tracking of progress by all stakeholders.
Tembo, Attracta C. "Exploring community participation in a diarrhoea prevention program in Kanyama, Lusaka, Zambia." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2007. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_5117_1257946425.
Full textThe program that was studied is part of the Child Health Program devised and supported by CARE International and implemented in Kanyama, a high density and low cost community found on the outskirts of Lusaka, Zambia. Diarrhoea was identified as one of the three most common diseases affecting the children under the age of five years. Through community participation, the program was implemented by the Kanyama residents to reduce the cases of diarrhoea, malaria and pneumonia among children aged five years and under. The main aim of this study was to explore the perceptions of the impact of community participation by the community leaders and community members in the diarrhoea prevention program and to establish constraints affecting participation.
Kabaso, Mushota. "Using simulation and survival analysis to forecast outcomes and economic costs of the antiretroviral therapy programme in Zambia." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2015. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/385233/.
Full textSturesson, Annika, and Sara Håkansson. "Oral hygiene experience, knowledge of oral health and oral diseases and attitudes about oral health care : A questionnaire study among students of nursing in Zambia." Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för Hälsa och Samhälle, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-7367.
Full textSyftet med studien var att undersöka sjuksköterskestudenters munhygienvanor, deras kunskaper om oral hälsa och orala sjukdomar samt attityder till munhälsovård. Ett frågeformulär med 29 frågor delades ut till 119 andra- och tredje års studenter på sjuksköterskeskolan i Livingstone, Zambia. Respondenterna var både kvinnor och män mellan 20 och 43 år. Resultatet visade att flertalet studenter borstade sina tänder dagligen. Däremot var det ovanligt med täta tandvårdsbesök och den vanligaste orsaken till besök var smärta. Majoriteten av studenterna hade goda kunskaper om HIV-relaterade orala lesioner och det vanligaste svaret de uppgav var oral candida. De generella kunskaperna om HIV/AIDS- relaterade orala lesioner var väldigt goda och majoriteten av respondenterna var intresserade av mer information i ämnet. Generellt hade respondenterna goda kunskaper om oral hälsa, orala sjukdomar och majoriteten hade en positiv attityd till munhälsovård. Flertalet ansåg att ett samarbete mellan tand- och sjukvård var betydelsefullt. Trots den höga kunskapsnivån om oral hälsa visar resultatet att respondenterna inte besöker tandvården regelbundet.
Isaacs, Anna. "Keeping healthy and accessing primary and preventive health services in Glasgow : the experiences of refugees and asylum seekers from Sub Saharan Africa." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2018. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/8971/.
Full textIboko, Ngidiwe. "Blaming the others: refugee men and HIV risk in Cape Town." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2006. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_5065_1184587136.
Full textThis study investigated the societal perception of refugee men as being a risk group, being polluted and the consequent risk of HIV infection they might face. It also determined the factors that could expose them to the risk of HIV infection while living in exile in South Africa.
Mpazayabo, Albert. "The personal perception of HIV and AIDS related infection risk among African refugee communities of Cape Town." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014.
Find full textENGLISH ABSTRACT: Political instability involving civil wars which had been prevailing mostly within the African Great Lakes Region caused great numbers since the 1990s of civilian populations to move to and fro within the borders and sometimes beyond its frontiers in search of both safer homes and better living conditions. Socio-economic hardships experienced by these people constrained them to engage in various migration movements, thus making them more vulnerable to a variety of diseases and pandemics, among which Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Sub–Saharan Africa has been bearing the brunt of HIV pandemic, and South Africa is believed to have the highest HIV prevalence. The present study was a quantitative survey exploring personal perception of HIV infection risk among African émigré communities of the Cape Metropolitan area. Only thirty four heterosexual active participants, who had joined their partners in South Africa after a certain period of temporary separation, were considered for final analysis using descriptive statistics. A relatively high perception of HIV infection risk was found among both males and females. However, the perceived risk did not necessarily determine sexual behaviour. No significant reciprocal relationship was found between the perceived risk and one important sexual risk behaviour. HIV and AIDS related stigma was found to be relatively high and the use of condoms prejudiced by tendencies of personal moralistic values. The present study has made relevant recommendations as to promote more preventive behaviours among the present African émigré community.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Politieke onstabiliteit wat burgeroorloë meebring kom sedert die 1990’s meestal in die Groot Mere-streek van Afrika voor en het veroorsaak dat groot groepe van burgerlike bevolkings heen en weer tussen grense beweeg en soms grense oorsteek op soek na beter en veiliger tuistes en beter lewensomstandighede. Die sosio-ekonomiese ontberings wat deur hierdie mense ervaar is het hulle verplig om by verskeie migrasiebewegings betrokke te raak. Dit het hulle kwesbaar gemaak vir ’n verskeidenheid siektes en pandemies, waaronder die menslike immuniteitsgebreksvirus (MIV) en verworwe immuniteitsgebreksindroom (Vigs). Sub-Sahara-Afrika het die ergste van die MIV-pandemie getrotseer en Suid-Afrika het na bewering die hoogste MIV-voorkoms. Hierdie studie is ’n kwantatiewe opname wat die persoonlike persepsie van die risiko van MIV-infeksie onder Afrika-uitgeweke gemeenskappe in die Kaapse Metropoolgebied ondersoek het. Slegs 34 heteroseksuele, seksueel aktiewe deelnemers wat na ’n tydperk van tydelike skeiding by hul (lewens) maats in Suid-Afrika aangesluit het, is vir die finale analise oorweeg met behulp van beskrywende statistiek. Onder mans sowel as vroue is ’n relatief hoë persepsie van infeksierisiko gevind. Die waargenome risiko het egter nie noodwendig seksuele gedrag bepaal nie. Geen beduidende omgekeerde verhouding is tussen die waargenome risiko en een belangrike seksuele risikogedragsaspek gevind nie. Daar is bevind dat MIV en Vigsverwante stigma relatief hoog is en dat daar weens tendense van persoonlike moralistiese waardes vooroordeel teen die gebruik van kondome bestaan. Hierdie studie het relevante aanbevelings gedoen om meer voorkomende gedragspatrone onder die huidige Afrika-uitgeweke gemeenskap te bevorder.
Singini, Mwiza Gideon. "Obstetric fistula among women aged 15-49 years in Zambia." Thesis, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/10539/24719.
Full textBackground An estimated 2,000 women in Zambia suffer from obstetric fistula. Suggestions are that more women could be suffering from the same condition but do not report it due to fear of stigmatization. Incidences of obstetric fistula in Zambia may indicate that most pregnant women do not access the much-needed maternal health services, especially at the time of delivery. Therefore, understanding the factors that lead to obstetric fistula is vital for developing primary preventive interventions. This study estimated the prevalence and investigated the factors associated with obstetric fistula among women in Zambia. Methodology The study used data from the 2013-14 Zambia Demographic and Healthy Survey (ZDHS). A sample of 16,411 women aged 15-49 years old took part in the fistula module of the ZDHS. Descriptive and Complementary log-log regression model were conducted to assess the relationship between the covariates and obstetric fistula. Results The prevalence of obstetric fistula was estimated at 5.91 obstetric fistulas per 1000 women of reproductive ages. Age at first sex (AOR=0.86, CI: 0.77-0.97) and being in households of rich wealth status (AOR=0.36, CI: 0.14-0.79) were negatively associated with obstetric fistula. Conclusion Evidence suggest that in order to eradicate obstetric fistula in Zambia, there is need to implement interventions that will focus on improving the socioeconomic, health status, reproductive status, access to health care and use of healthcare resources of women.
XL2018
Kruger, Zelda. "Gate-keeping, refugees and ethics." Thesis, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/10539/23921.
Full textMany asylum seekers and refugees in South Africa reportedly find it difficult to access basic health care services. The issue about foreign nationals in relation to health care can be considered from different angles. The concept of access, though, points to gate-keeping. Gate-keeping is the practice that guides decision making about who has access to what and to what extent they might enjoy benefits. In this essay, the question of whether gate-keeping is a morally justifiable practice in South Africa in relation to asylum seekers and refugees’ right to basic health care services is explored. It is concluded that carefully considered and consistently implemented gate-keeping might be a morally justifiable practice that could contribute to ensuring that resources are distributed fairly. It is also argued that the kind of gate-keeping often observed is inconsistent with human rights and Ubuntu precepts. These moral frameworks seem to be the main ones shaping the view of most South Africans as well as our institutional arrangements. Considering the current South African context in which asylum seekers and refugees have difficulty in accessing basic health care services, patriotic bias claims are considered. However, it is concluded that partiality towards compatriots ought not to hold sway when any human being’s basic needs are at stake.
MT2018
McNatt, Zahirah. "City Life: Three Papers Investigating the Healthcare Experience of Refugees With Noncommunicable Diseases Residing in Urban Settings Across the Middle East and North Africa." Thesis, 2019. https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-5mva-qw30.
Full textNgoma, Catherine Mubita Anayawa. "Sexual behaviour and HIV/AIDS knowledge among women in Zambia." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/5593.
Full textHealth Studies
D. Litt. et Phil. (Health Studies)
Sowane, Nkateko Proud. "Lived experiences of accessing healthcare services by refugees in South Africa." Diss., 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/25481.
Full textHealth Studies
M. P. H. (Health Studies)
Namakando-Phiri, Anne. "A phenomenological study of ageing amongst the older persons in Zambia." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/1924.
Full textHealth Studies
D. Litt. et Phil. (Health Studies)
Tshibumbu, Desire Dinzela. "Factors influencing men's involvement in prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV programmes in Mambwe district, Zambia." Diss., 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/1409.
Full textHealth Studies
M.A. (Public Health)