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Journal articles on the topic 'Refutation'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Swanson, Carrie. "Aristotle’s Expansion of the Taxonomy of Fallacy in De Sophisticis Elenchis 8." History of Philosophy and Logical Analysis 15, no. 1 (2012): 200–237. http://dx.doi.org/10.30965/26664275-01501009.

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In the eighth chapter of De Sophisticis Elenchis, Aristotle introduces a mode of sophistical refutation that constitutes an addition to the taxonomy of the earlier chapters of the treatise. The new mode is pseudo-scientific refutation, or “the [syllogism or refutation] which though real, [merely] appears appropriate to the subject matter” (τòν ὂντα μέν φαινóμενoν δέ ỏιϰειoν ιoῦ πράγμαιoς, 169b22–3). Against the grain of its most commonly accepted reading, I argue that Aristotle is not concerned in SE 8 to establish that both the apparent refutations of SE 4–7 and pseudo-scientific refutations

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Goranko, Valentin. "Hybrid Deduction–Refutation Systems." Axioms 8, no. 4 (2019): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/axioms8040118.

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Hybrid deduction–refutation systems are deductive systems intended to derive both valid and non-valid, i.e., semantically refutable, formulae of a given logical system, by employing together separate derivability operators for each of these and combining ‘hybrid derivation rules’ that involve both deduction and refutation. The goal of this paper is to develop a basic theory and ‘meta-proof’ theory of hybrid deduction–refutation systems. I then illustrate the concept on a hybrid derivation system of natural deduction for classical propositional logic, for which I show soundness and completeness

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Susilowati, Nur Endah, Nuzulira Janeusse Fratiwi, Mohd Zaidi Bin Amiruddin, and Nur Habib Muhammad Iqbal. "Refutation Texts in the Last Decade: A Bibliometric Exploration of Trends and Insights." Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika dan Sains (JPFS) 8, no. 1 (2025): 54–64. https://doi.org/10.52188/jpfs.v8i1.1263.

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This study aims to explore research and publication trends related to refutation texts over the past ten years using bibliometric analysis. Data was obtained from the Scopus database of 115 documents published in 2015-2024 for “refutation texts” or “refutational texts” or “rebuttal texts”. The data obtained showed fluctuations in the number of publications, with the highest peak occurring in 2022. The main authors in this field include Kendeou, Sinatra, and Danielson, with the largest contributions coming from the United States, followed by European countries such as Germany and Canada. The do

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Rudenko, Serhii,. "Redemption of «museum sins» T.Šola of engineering museology." Collection of scientific works “Notes on Art Criticism”, no. 34 (January 9, 2020): 24–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.32461/2226-2180.34.2018.184767.

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Purpose of the article. To reveal the theoretical consequences of the institutional critic of amuseum by T. Šola and to criticize hypothetic theories suggested by this scientist. Methodology.Criticism by K. Popper. Scientific novelty. Found out, that redemption of «museum sins» requiresinstitutional suicide of museum. Conclusions. T.Šola had fixed existential crisis of museum, whichappears in «museum sins». Scientist uses reduction of refutation of theory. This refutation based ondisaffection with the practice of some museum institutions (such as complicated explications, fakeapoliticality of

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Σκοπελίτη, Ειρήνη, та Στέλλα Βοσνιάδου. "Τα ανατρεπτικά κείμενα και η πληροφορία κατηγοριοποίησης ως παράγοντες προώθησης της εννοιολογικής αλλαγής". Psychology: the Journal of the Hellenic Psychological Society 18, № 4 (2020): 421. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/psy_hps.23731.

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We present the results of two empirical studies which investigated the effect of the type of information included in refutational texts in 3rd grade students’ comprehension of the spherical shape of the earth. In the first study we compared three kinds of refutational texts: the first refuted only the belief that the earth is flat, the second refuted in addition the belief in up/down gravity, and the third refuted all of the above and in addition the belief that the earth is a physical and not an astronomical object. In Experiment 2, four texts were used to compare text type (refutation vs. no

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Cornelis, Erlinde, Verolien Cauberghe, and Patrick De Pelsmacker. "The credibility of refutation in two-sided anti-drug messages." Journal of Social Marketing 5, no. 3 (2015): 241–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsocm-03-2014-0020.

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Purpose – This study aims to address the credibility effects of refutational versus non-refutational two-sided messages. Additionally, it aims to unravel the moderating role of issue ambivalence and argument type. Design/methodology/approach – A 2 × 2 × 2 between-subjects factorial experimental design (N = 853 adolescents) investigates the effect of eight anti-binge drinking and anti-marijuana messages on source and message credibility. Findings – The results show that refutation increases credibility compared to non-refutation. Additionally, a three-way interaction effect is found: credibilit

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Hutchens, Benjamin. "Gadamer's Gorgias: The Imperative of Self-Refutation." Labyrinth 24, no. 1 (2022): 192–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.25180/lj.v24i1.289.

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Gadamer has written several powerful studies of Platonic dialectic. His emphasis on shared understanding, the fusing of horizons and other hermeneutic notions are partially drawn from a study of Plato’s elenctic dialogues. However, Socrates in Gorgias makes a claim about the imperative of self-refutation that not only complicates our understanding of Socratic method, but Gadamer’s reading of it as well.  This article is meant to explore just how the imperative of self-refutation causes difficulty for Gadamer’s understanding of dialectic, especially his distinction between authentic and i

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Salvayre, Lydie, and Roxanne Lapidus. "Refutation." SubStance 33, no. 2 (2004): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3685398.

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Salvayre, L., and M. P. Huglo. "Refutation." SubStance 33, no. 2 (2004): 10–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sub.2004.0028.

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Amiruddin, Mohd Zaidi Bin, Achmad Samsudin, Andi Suhandi, Ida Kaniawati, and Bayram COŞTU. "The Impact of Refutation Texts in Scientific Conception: Meta-analysis." Jurnal Pendidikan MIPA 26, no. 1 (2025): 153–68. https://doi.org/10.23960/jpmipa.v26i1.pp153-168.

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This research aimed to analyze the role and impact of refutational text on student conceptions and learning outcomes. Utilizing meta-analysis methods, this study sourced articles from the Scopus and Web of Science databases, covering publications from 2001 to 2023. The article selection process adhered to the PRISMA technique, implemented systematically in several stages to ensure rigor and transparency. The meta-analysis used the random-effects model to account for variability among studies, offering a more generalized understanding of the effects of refutational text across different context

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Good, I. J. "Refutation of Another Seeming Refutation of Special Relativity." Physics Essays 15, no. 3 (2002): 350–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4006/1.3025537.

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Kim, John J. "A refutation of a refutation of universal grammar." Lingua 210-211 (July 2018): 122–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lingua.2018.04.005.

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Lobo, Carlos. "Relativity of Taste without Relativism. An Introduction to Phenomenology of Aesthetic Experience." Miscellanea Anthropologica et Sociologica 20, no. 1 (2019): 46–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.26881/maes.2019.1.03.

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The author explores Ingarden’s aesthetics taking as a leading thread his repeated attempts at a refutation of the common locus of relativity of taste. Ingarden’s position is summarized in four theses: (1) values do exist as the proper correlates of aesthetic experience, (2) aesthetic values must be distinguished from artistic values, (3) artistic and aesthetic values are founded in other ontic strata, and finally (4) acts of valuation in aesthetic experience are presupposed by value judgements. In the light of the philosophical and phenomenological interpretation of the physical theory of rela

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Gao, Chunhua, Yang Liu, Yufu Ning, and Fengming Liu. "Uncertain Refutation Information Propagation Model by Considering Multiple Realistic Constraints." International Journal of Uncertainty, Fuzziness and Knowledge-Based Systems 33, no. 04 (2025): 381–400. https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218488525500163.

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The online rumor refutation platform is an important channel for clarifying rumors, and the public obtains relevant debunking information and knows the truth through online rumor refutation platforms. Therefore, it is particularly important to reasonably select and utilize relevant online rumor refutation platforms, which can help the public participate in rumor governance and deepen network ecological governance. However, there are many uncertain factors in the entire process of debunking rumors, such as the promotional debunking abilities of different levels of online rumor refutation platfo

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Fadillah, Syarifah, and Utin Desy Susiaty. "Developing refutation text to resolve students’ misconceptions in addition and subtraction of integers." Beta: Jurnal Tadris Matematika 12, no. 1 (2019): 14–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.20414/betajtm.v12i1.160.

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Students’ misconceptions in addition and subtraction of integers need to be addressed since this topic is a prerequisite for students to learn advanced mathematics topics such as algebra. Having misconceptions in understanding the prerequisite concepts will hamper the acquisition and integration of new knowledge. The purpose of this study was to develop refutation text to resolve the misconception of students in addition and subtraction of integers. Refutation text was developed in the form of student worksheet adopting the development model from Borg and Gall (1983). Tryout of refutation text

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Trafford, James. "Co-constructive Logics for Proofs and Refutations." Studia Humana 3, no. 4 (2015): 22–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sh-2015-0004.

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Abstract This paper considers logics which are formally dual to intuitionistic logic in order to investigate a co-constructive logic for proofs and refutations. This is philosophically motivated by a set of problems regarding the nature of constructive truth, and its relation to falsity. It is well known both that intuitionism can not deal constructively with negative information, and that defining falsity by means of intuitionistic negation leads, under widely-held assumptions, to a justification of bivalence. For example, we do not want to equate falsity with the non-existence of a proof sin

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Li, Wanlian, and Xing Chen. "Differential Trust and Hierarchical Regulation: A Study of the Effectiveness of Rumor Refutation on Government Micro-Blogs—Analysis Based on 1290 Rumor Refutation Messages." Complexity 2022 (May 23, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7254051.

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Purpose/Significance. This study aims to explore the differences in the effectiveness of rumor refutation dissemination on government micro-blogs and to identify factors that may lead to such differences, so as to provide reference for the management of emergencies and to improve the effectiveness of rumor refutation. Methodology/Procedure. Using Octopus software to collect data from thirty government micro-blogs, the number of retweets, likes, and comments were used as indicators of the effectiveness of refutation dissemination and different levels of government micro-blogs were used as moder

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Wu, Tong. "A refutation of “a refutation of universal grammar”(Lin, f. 2017. Lingua 193. 1–22.)." Poznan Studies in Contemporary Linguistics 56, no. 1 (2020): 169–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/psicl-2020-0005.

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AbstractLin (2017), according to the author, “offers a refutation of Chomsky’s Universal Grammar (UG) from a novel perspective”. Unfortunately, “novel” does not mean logical or valid. On the contrary, as I will show in this refutation of Lin’s refutation, there is a profound and fundamental misunderstanding in Lin’s interpretation of UG. His refutation only proves his superficial understanding of the questions raised and discussed, which nevertheless are worth discussing and explaining. I take each of Lin’s arguments in turn and attempt to show why they are not well founded, either because of

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Adams, Don. "Refutation, Democracy and Epistemocracy in Plato’s Charmides." Méthexis 32, no. 1 (2020): 26–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24680974-03201002.

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Socrates’ refutational method in the Charmides is deliberately designed to allow non-experts to test proposals, even if those proposals are put forward by experts. As such, it cannot produce definitive refutations, but it can produce refutations that are worth taking seriously. This is important to Socrates because he thinks that non-experts have not only a right, but a duty to examine self-professed experts before entrusting themselves or their loved ones to them. So if the rulers in a polis are a cognitive elite—as Critias seems to suggest with his Delphic analysis of temperance—it will be e

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Turri, J. "Refutation by elimination." Analysis 70, no. 1 (2009): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/analys/anp138.

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21

HANKOVSZKY, Tamás. "Dawkins’ Unrebuttable Refutation." WISDOM 10, no. 1 (2018): 73–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.24234/wisdom.v10i1.204.

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In the whole fourth chapter of The God Delusion Richard Dawkins in a long and complicated argumentation attempts to prove that God’s existence is improbable and we have no reason to believe in Him. In my paper I am going to examine the basic structure of his train of thought first so that I present the detailed reconstruction of the single steps later on. Having scrutinized the reconstructed reasoning in the last section I am going to show that his main argument for atheism is unsuccessful.

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Tangri, Daniel. "Reflections On Refutation." Australian Archaeology 32, no. 1 (1991): 47–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03122417.1991.11681413.

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23

Skura, Tomasz. "A Refutation Theory." Logica Universalis 3, no. 2 (2009): 293–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11787-009-0009-y.

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Jain, Sanjay. "Learning with Refutation." Journal of Computer and System Sciences 57, no. 3 (1998): 356–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jcss.1998.1591.

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Lassonde, Karla A., Molly Kolquist, and Megan Vergin. "Revising Psychology Misconceptions by Integrating a Refutation-Style Text Framework Into Poster Presentations." Teaching of Psychology 44, no. 3 (2017): 255–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0098628317712754.

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Refutation-style texts have been considered a viable strategy for changing psychological misconceptions. The current study aims to integrate refutation-style texts into a classroom-based method of learning. Psychology students were administered a true/false misconception survey and then viewed several refutation-style poster presentations containing information describing a misconception as false. Posters were created with the intent to revise psychological misconceptions. After the poster presentations, participants took the same true/false posttest survey and then were asked to explain their

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Creager, Mark A. "Geometric Refutations of Prospective Secondary Mathematics Teachers." International Journal of Education in Mathematics, Science and Technology 10, no. 1 (2021): 74–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.46328/ijemst.1594.

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Increasing students’ exposure to mathematical reasoning (Lannin, Ellis, Elliot, 2011) has been a constant call from mathematics education reform efforts. However, studies have raised concerns about whether teachers are prepared to teach reasoning. This paper explores one aspect of reasoning, refutations, by examining the geometric refutations of thirteen pre-service secondary teachers (PSTs). Findings suggest that the PSTs did struggle to create culturally accepted refutation, but their results were less concerning than previous studies suggest. Primary challenges include that the PSTs separat

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Deng, Zhangyan, Jinyang Guo, Dong Wang, and Zuosong Chen. "A Supplementary Approach for Effective Anti-Doping Education: A Pilot Study Applying Refutation Texts to Modify Misperception of the Whereabouts System." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 4 (2022): 2097. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042097.

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Background: Over the past twenty years, a multifaceted anti-doping system was established to detect, deter, and prevent doping among athletes. However, perception of the whereabouts system has been a controversial issue. This pilot study aimed to evaluate the effects of refutation text intervention on the perception of the whereabouts system. Methods: In two studies, we tested whether (1) detailed refutation texts are perceived as more effective than simply refuting with a true or false claim among 132 athletes (47.73% female, mean age = 20.99 ± 2.11), and if (2) refutation text intervention c

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Al-Lahim, Ibrahim. "The Refutation of the Concept of Unanimity in the Arabic Grammar: A Genuine Study on the Refutation of Abu-Hayyan's on Ibn Malik's Unanimity." Journal of Umm Al-Qura University for Language Sciences and Literature, no. 25 (February 20, 2020): 85–127. http://dx.doi.org/10.54940/ll93492381.

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This research lies within the framework of theoretical grammar as it examines a fundamental intellectually theoretical issue; that is, the refutation of the narrative of consensus. Therefore, it explores the concept of consensus and its refutation, the invariability of consensus towards refutation, and the validity of consensus in the theoretical grammar framework. Moreover, it studies variations in terms of concept and differences in applications. Then, it illustrates some theoretical bases of the grammarians' procedures for the evidence of consensus. Later, it demonstrates some applications

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Fait, Paolo. "The “false validating premiss” in Aristotle’s doctrine of fallacies." History of Philosophy and Logical Analysis 15, no. 1 (2012): 238–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.30965/26664275-01501010.

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In Sophistical Refutations 8 Aristotle claims that every sophistical refutation depends on a false belief which is implicitly held by the victim of the fallacy and can normally be elicited from him as an explicit additional premiss. In this case the fallacious argument will be turned into a valid one, albeit with a false premiss (a FVP “False Validating Premiss”, as I call it). The paper discusses the nature of the FVP and tries to discover how it works when it tacitly causes the false appearance of a fallacious argument.

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Prinz, Anja, Julia Kollmer, Lisa Flick, Alexander Renkl, and Alexander Eitel. "Refuting student teachers’ misconceptions about multimedia learning." Instructional Science 50, no. 1 (2021): 89–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11251-021-09568-z.

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AbstractPrior research indicates that student teachers frequently have misconceptions about multimedia learning. Our experiment with N = 96 student teachers revealed that, in contrast to standard texts, refutation texts are effective to address misconceptions about multimedia learning. However, there seems to be no added benefit of making “concessions” to student teachers’ prior beliefs (i.e., two-sided argumentation) in refutation texts. Moreover, refutation texts did not promote the selection of appropriate multimedia material. This study suggests that refutation texts addressing multimedia-

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Noh, Mijin, and Yangsok Kim. "Measuring the Effect of Mental Health on Type 2 Diabetes." Applied Sciences 14, no. 12 (2024): 5184. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14125184.

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There are many putative risk factors for type 2 diabetes (T2D), and the causal relationship between these factors and diabetes has been established. Socio-environmental and biological approaches are increasingly used to infer causality, and research is needed to understand the causal role of these factors in diabetes risk. Therefore, this study investigated the extent to which the treatment factor of stress induces the risk of diabetes through socio-environmental and biological factors. We present machine learning-based causal inference results generated using DoWhy, a Python library that prov

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Aguilar, Stephen J., Morgan S. Polikoff, and Gale M. Sinatra. "Refutation Texts: A New Approach to Changing Public Misconceptions About Education Policy." Educational Researcher 48, no. 5 (2019): 263–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/0013189x19849416.

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Individuals often have misconceptions about education policy issues. Prior research has shown that refutation texts can address misconceptions in other areas (e.g., climate change, GMOs); this study is the first to explore whether participants’ views on controversial education policies—the Common Core State Standards and charter schools—are similarly malleable through refutation text interventions. Results of two experiments show that refutation texts reduced participants’ misconceptions and increased their correct conceptions about both policy issues. These impacts persisted for at least a we

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Larrosa, Javier, and Emma Rollon. "Augmenting the Power of (Partial) MaxSat Resolution with Extension." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 34, no. 02 (2020): 1561–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v34i02.5516.

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The refutation power of SAT and MaxSAT resolution is challenged by problems like the soft and hard Pigeon Hole Problem PHP for which short refutations do not exist. In this paper we augment the MaxSAT resolution proof system with an extension rule. The new proof system MaxResE is sound and complete, and more powerful than plain MaxSAT resolution, since it can refute the soft and hard PHP in polynomial time. We show that MaxResE refutations actually subtract lower bounds from the objective function encoded by the formulas. The resulting formula is the residual after the lower bound extraction.

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Huo, Liang’an, and Yuqing Zhang. "Effect of Global and Local Refutation Mechanism on Rumor Propagation in Heterogeneous Network." Mathematics 10, no. 4 (2022): 586. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10040586.

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In the process of rumors propagation, the behavior of individuals to propagation or refutation is not only influenced by the surrounding global environment but also the local environment. In this paper, a modified rumor propagation model is proposed considering the global and local effects of the rumor refutation mechanism and the activity rate of individuals in a heterogeneous network, and the dynamics process of the rumor propagation is derived by using the mean-field equation. Combining theoretical proving and simulation analysis, it shows that the critical threshold of rumor propagation ha

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Zhang, Yaming, Yanyuan Su, Weigang Li, and Haiou Liu. "Modeling rumor propagation and refutation with time effect in online social networks." International Journal of Modern Physics C 29, no. 08 (2018): 1850068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183118500687.

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Rumor propagation and refutation form an important issue for spreading dynamics in online social networks (OSNs). In this paper, we introduce a novel two-stage rumor propagation and refutation model with time effect for OSNs. The dynamical mechanism of rumor propagation and refutation with time effect is investigated deeply. Then a two-stage model and the corresponding mean-field equations in both homogeneous and heterogeneous networks are obtained. Monte Carlo simulations are conducted to characterize the dynamics of rumor propagation and refutation in both Watts–Strogatz network and Barabási

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Zhao, Laijun, Xiaoli Wang, Jiajia Wang, Xiaoyan Qiu, and Wanlin Xie. "Rumor-Propagation Model with Consideration of Refutation Mechanism in Homogeneous Social Networks." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2014 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/659273.

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In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to how to effectively manage rumor propagation. Based on previous studies of rumor propagation and some strategies used by the authorities to refute rumors and manage rumor propagation, we develop a new rumor-propagation model with consideration of refutation mechanism. In this paper, we describe the dynamic process of rumor propagation by accounting for the refutation mechanism in homogeneous social networks. And then, we derive mean-field equations for rumor-propagation process. We then analyze the stability of the model with respect to cha

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Zhang, Zhizhao. "Has Joel Feinberg Refuted Psychological Egoism?" Scientific Journal Of Humanities and Social Sciences 6, no. 12 (2024): 73–78. https://doi.org/10.54691/ant51d45.

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It’s roughly claimed by psychological egoism that all voluntary actions are driven by egoistic motives. Joel Feinberg is distinguished for his aggressive refutation against psychological egoism. In his article “Psychological Egoism”, he mainly establishes two arguments: one is against psychological hedonism. Feinberg asserts that pleasure is just by-product of satisfaction of other desires. Another view is that psychological egoism is only an analytical statement. In response to that, the paper intends to formulate two refutations against the arguments respectively to show that Feinberg doesn’

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Buss, Sam, Dmitry Itsykson, Alexander Knop, Artur Riazanov, and Dmitry Sokolov. "Lower Bounds on OBDD Proofs with Several Orders." ACM Transactions on Computational Logic 22, no. 4 (2021): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3468855.

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This article is motivated by seeking lower bounds on OBDD(∧, w, r) refutations, namely, OBDD refutations that allow weakening and arbitrary reorderings. We first work with 1 - NBP ∧ refutations based on read-once nondeterministic branching programs. These generalize OBDD(∧, r) refutations. There are polynomial size 1 - NBP(∧) refutations of the pigeonhole principle, hence 1-NBP(∧) is strictly stronger than OBDD}(∧, r). There are also formulas that have polynomial size tree-like resolution refutations but require exponential size 1-NBP(∧) refutations. As a corollary, OBDD}(∧, r) does not simula

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Syuhendri, Syuhendri, Sardianto M. Siahaan, and Abidin Pasaribu. "Lunar Phases Refutation Texts: Suplement Texts to Overcome Students’ Misconceptions." European Journal of Education and Pedagogy 3, no. 6 (2022): 157–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejedu.2022.3.6.504.

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The purpose of this research is to develop a set of refutation texts as supplement texts to overcome misconceptions and to improve conceptual understandings on the Lunar phases. The method used is research and development in education. Overall, the research consists of three stages, namely preliminary study, product development, and evaluation. The refutation text was developed based on Posner et al. (1982) conceptual change model. The results for the preliminary study stage obtained nine prototype of refutation texts, namely for the concepts of the Earth’s natural satellite, the source of moo

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Trevors, Greg, and Panayiota Kendeou. "The effects of positive and negative emotional text content on knowledge revision." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 73, no. 9 (2020): 1326–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747021820913816.

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Across three experiments, we sought to determine the effects of positive and negative emotional content in refutation texts on misconceptions about vaccines. The addition of negative emotional content to texts that identify, refute, and explain vaccine misconceptions improved knowledge revision observed during reading (Experiment 1). However, the addition of positive emotional content to refutation texts weakened this effect (Experiment 2). A direct comparison between negative and positive emotional content provided corroborating evidence for these findings (Experiment 3). Across experiments,

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Allison, Henry E. "Kant’s Refutation of Materialism." Monist 72, no. 2 (1989): 190–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/monist19897227.

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Katz, Jerrold J. "The Refutation of Indeterminacy." Journal of Philosophy 85, no. 5 (1988): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2026839.

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Payne, Andrew. "The Refutation of Agathon." Ancient Philosophy 19, no. 2 (1999): 235–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/ancientphil199919227.

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Walker, Ralph C. S., and A. C. Grayling. "The Refutation of Scepticism." Philosophical Quarterly 36, no. 145 (1986): 564. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2219885.

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Jackson, Roger. "Dharmakirti's Refutation of Theism." Philosophy East and West 36, no. 4 (1986): 315. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1398992.

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Rosen, Gideon. "The Refutation of Nominalism (?)." Philosophical Topics 21, no. 2 (1993): 149–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/philtopics199321221.

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Burchard, V. "Lincoln's Refutation of Secession." OAH Magazine of History 21, no. 1 (2007): 29–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/maghis/21.1.29.

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Rowbottom, D. P. "A refutation of foundationalism?" Analysis 67, no. 4 (2007): 345–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/analys/67.4.345.

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Oliver A. Johnson. "Hume's Refutation of — Wollaston?" Hume Studies 12, no. 2 (1986): 192–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/hms.2011.0498.

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Rowbottom, Darrell P. "A refutation of foundationalism?" Analysis 67, no. 296 (2007): 345–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8284.2007.00704.x.

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