Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Régie autonome des transports parisiens (RATP)'
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Bouchikhi, Hamid. "Eléments d'une approche constructiviste des structures organisationnelles : cas de la structuration d'un champ micro-informatique à la RATP." Paris 9, 1988. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1988PA090034.
Full textIn the recent years, the constructivist approaches have been widely adopted in numerous fields of social sciences : epistemology, cognitive psychology and sociology. This has not been the case as far as the management science field is concerned - except of some isolated trials. This observation is easily confirmed by the lasting domination of the mechanism and organism models among the works of organizational theorists. The thesis - a result of a more than two years field research in a large organisation - contains a critical discussion of works representative of the mechanism and organism models. It also tries to bring a contribution to the building of a constructivist perspective in the study of organizations. The main ideas of Jean Piaget and Anthony Giddens - two famous representatives of the constructivist paradigm - are presented and used together to state the elements of a constructivist model of organizations. The explaining capability of the constructivist perspective is shown through the analysis of the structuring process of a micro-computing field in the RATP. Different stages of structuring are clearly identified. The factors contributing to the structuring at each stage are analysed as well as the relationship between successive stages
Thibault, Martin. "Une jeunesse ouvrière : sédimentation des identités sociales de jeunes ouvriers de la maintenance des trains à la RATP." Paris 5, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA05H029.
Full textThis thesis focuses on today Young workers. Based on a thorough and multiple ethnographical investigation (interviews, observations, informal contacts, sharing of activities…), I’ve tried to sort out, in the long-term, how Young working-class social identities build themselves before joining public services and after they have integrated them, in and out of the factories. To understand the people I chose to interview within their specificity and complexity I mingled several sociology fields, which not only means work but also school, family, culture etc… Only an investigation within the long terme may help understand how identities obey to evolutions and take peculiar shapes : hopes developed throughout their scholarship until their very first days in the factories, then through the long-lasting working class condition to compensating identities that enable them to say they are not only workers, at least, not like the previous génération. Their parallel activities (evening class, music, dance, holidays with the UCPA…) help them considering themselves, even though they may some day realize they are not as qualified as the expected to be, familiar to this middle class they have often idealized and that they have never fully accepted not to be part of, when they have interacted with if for some time at school. This situation reveals a real ambiguity that questions the representations of social stratification that exist today
Gillet, Anne. "Les transformations socioprofessionnelles de la maîtrise : l' exemple de la RATP." Paris, CNAM, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005CNAM0590.
Full textServel, Laurence. "Pour un autre usage du temps : l'expérience modernisatrice de la RATP." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998IEPP0016.
Full textThis study of the modernization policy of the RATP shows that an analysis of time is central to understanding the changes introduced by any plan or enterprise transformation the first part of the thesis describes the development of the RATP over the last fifteen years and situates it in terms of the context in wich it was conceived end carried out. It develops the interpretative tools necessary to understand this transformation as a socio- temporal phenomena, including a reanalysis of the process of the construction of the research data. The second part of the study presents three case histories which concretize these general observation (metro, bus, RER). It suggests that we are witnessing a change in time concepts : time is no longer perceived as retribution nor in terms of routine, nor does it preceed linearly toward the future. . The third part of the study proposes an in-depth look at the functioning of the three sectors of exploitation. It shows how they are perturbed by reforms without being able to recontitute a new unities. While social times have been altered, there is no corresponding change in daily organization except concerning management positions. Nonetheless, some creative innovations have been undertaken within existing time frames. In addition, the general moderzation has led agents to elaborate new time relations in relationship to the offer of identity. Four identity forms can be isolated (poachers, mobiles, crushed and bystanders) which are linked to the capacity to activly engaged in the present. The experience of the RATP reveals the extent to which any modernization requires reflexion and action in the area of temporality, both within the organization and in terms of the society which the public enterprise serves
Leroux, Nathalie. "Les agents de sécurité à la RATP : groupe, catégorie professionnelle ou métier ?" Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010679.
Full textHow does a professional group build up along an activity such as security, which appears to be most difficult to objectivize? Parti examines the history of the professional group between 1945 and 1995. It shows how, at the RATP, the legal environment organises the division of security labour while letting room for incertainty. It brings to light concomitant developments between some factors on the one hand (insecurity phenomena, company politicies and national security politicies) and, on the other hand, the joint definition of the function and structure of security at the RATP. Part II studies how, between 1945 and 1988, the group has been building up along an invisible activity (since security agents are in plain-clothes), while analysing security activities and their meaning for agents, we show how, within the company itself, the whole group has come to form a trade as such, through a training process allowing the share of knowledge and skills among peers, and how it has shaped their identity within the organisational and professional system to which they belong. Part III presents the wilful construction of a professional grade within the organisation and of an "institutionalized trade" defined outside the firm (1989-1995). We observe the creation of a new group, now in uniform, which represents a security function then defined as strategic for the firm. A phase of innovation gives place to a phase when a professional grade as such is being established within the firm. Both groups join into a common entity and new rules are set up to redefine the groups positioning. At the same time, principles of recognition, which are external to the firm (diploma), are being established. Eventually, the previous principles of recognition of both groups do not easily match with the new institutional recognition of this professional grade and of this trade
Le, Mouël Eloi. "La culture dans les espaces non dédiés : le cas de la RATP : les figures de l'usager citoyen et de l'usager client comme horizons de l'espace public." Paris 10, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA100054.
Full textCulture appears to invest every day new fields and spaces it hadn't previously explored. But, as it weaves tighter and tighter links often based on incongruity, impertinence and emotion with public spaces such as streets, shopping centres or underground stations, culture sometimes seems to change into a watered-down “cultural animation”. Basing the present study on the case of the Parisian underground, we aim to understand how the conquest of specific public spaces by Culture in order to profit a company (of public services), can modify the relationships and uses, specially dedicated to both of them. Following the pragmatic tradition, which sets the political question at the heart of its approach, we think that there is matter to raise problems when public space becomes the place where Culture turns into cultural
Ranchoux-Soulat, Charlotte. "Enjeux et perceptions liés à la mise en place d'une démarche participative dans un contexte marketing interne : la RATP comme étude de cas." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU10031.
Full textAnchored in the field of internal marketing, this work investigates the phenomenon of employee participation in decision-making. Inside an interpretivist paradigm, it adopts a qualitative and comprehensive approach, based on a case study method. We choose the case of the initiative "Vision 2020", set up with RATP employees in order to create the 2013 to 2020 business plan. Addressed in a systemic and interactional perspective, specific to the communication approach of Palo Alto, the findings result from an abductive reasoning and are built using an iterative process that goes back and forth between theory, collection and analysis of empirical data. The analysis and interpretation of data collected by triangulation thus allow us to address the notion of participation from three angles, adopting the point of view of employees: the conceptualization of the phenomenon of participation, the objectives and effects of this type of initiative and the elements influencing the attitude of employees towards it. This work highlights major challenges inherent in employee participation, such as the monitoring of participatory action, the importance of media, changing the attitude of employees during the implementation of this type action, or the special role of the manager in this type of initiative. It proposes a theorization of existing management practices
Chiron-Augereau, Virginie. "Du transport de marchandises en ville à la logistique urbaine, quels rôles pour un opérateur de transports publics urbains ? : l'exemple de la RATP." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00504960.
Full textPaterna, Hidalgo Angel. "Gestion patrimoniale des infrastructures de la ratp : développement d'un processus d'aide à la décision pour optimiser la stratégie de maintenance." Thesis, Paris Est, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PESC1200/document.
Full textThe RATP is the operator and asset manager of the public railway transport of Paris and the next suburbs. Nowadays, with more than 10 million trips per day, this transport network is one of the most crowded in the world. In this context of high service requirements, the RATP asset managers must assure the structural integrity, the quality of service and the sustainability of an aging and heterogeneous asset. However, available budgets are, by nature, limited and, in this context, two tasks become essential: to justify budget requirements and to optimize the programming of maintenance actions. The current asset strategy is based on visual inspections to detect degradation symptoms that concern the structural integrity of the structure. Depending on these results, managers must select and prioritize the maintenance actions taking into account the constraints involved in asset management. This decision-making process is based on the expert knowledge and is not formalized. In this context, the purpose of this thesis is to develop a multicritera decision support tool which reduces the inherent variability degree of visual inspections and the lack of transparency in the decision-making process. In order to provide RATP's managers a decision support tool, this research is based on the next stages :- The development of a functional model of degradation mechanisms by the application of the operational safety methods. The Functional Analyse (FA), the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) and the casual graphs are applied to know how infrastructures function, degrade and interact with the environment.- The construction of a decision support tool based on multicriteria methods. The first stage is the construction of a lot of criteria formalizing the technical, economic and social aspects involved in the RATP's asset management (rule based assignment model). The second stage is the application of ELECTRE methods to develop a multicriteria decision support tool which optimizes the management of the RATP's asset. This tool is tested on the line 4 of the Paris metro in order to study development prospects. The main prospect is the operational development of this tool in the context of the management of the RATP's asset
Cantet, Flavie. "Les jeunes à l'épreuve des emplois de médiation sociale." Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010032.
Full textKoseleff, Yves. "La construction sociale et politique des territoires du transport : le cas de la boucle nord des hauts-de-seine." Paris 7, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA070035.
Full textBouchenafa, Walid. "Modélisation des inondations en tunnel en cas de crue de la Seine pour le Plan de Protection des Risques Inondations de la RATP (PPRI)." Thesis, Compiègne, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017COMP2338/document.
Full textThe 1910 flood of the Seine had a direct impact on the functioning of the different networks (Electricity network, sewerage, transport, water distribution). The RATP network was particularly affected in its functioning. The damage that centennial flood could cause today may be even greater because the current network is more vulnerable because of the numerous electrical and computer equipment that it comprises. The majority of the emergences (The water ingress) of the RATP is located in flood areas. During a major flooding of the Seine, the flows due to the floods propagate directly into the underground and central part of the network (Metro and RER) through these emergences. This thesis is interested in a hydrodynamic simulation by MIKE URBAN, Model used to model the RATP network due to its MOUSE engine developed by DHI for the sewerage networks. This work also presents the results obtained on a physical model of a subway station. The experimental data were used to model water ingress within the RATP network from the subway station. Network protection against infiltration requires a thorough knowledge of underground flow conditions. Infiltrations through the tunnels are estimated numerically. The aim of this research is to improve and validate a simulation model. It is a question of implementing an operational decision support tool which will allow the flood cell of the RATP to understand the functioning of its network in order to improve its flood risk protection plan
Lauriot, Norbert. "L'adaptation géographique et technique des chemins de fer urbain : réseaux de métropolitain." Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010643.
Full textUrban railway networks are bound to outland on the very long term. Therefore it is necessary to conceive them so that they can still provide an efficient service despite of the unavoidable alterations of the urban framework upon which they have been nettled. After having studied of the evolution of paris railway network, from the historically first listed project untill 1996 and shortly analysised the current world situation through three questions : 1) why does a urban aera make the choice of fitting with a subway (or mass transit) ? 2) what are exact bearing of the term subway (or mass transit) ? 3) how have this mode of transport overspread ? One statiscally analyses the lay out of the networks concerning this mode of conveyance (througout the world existent, under construction or in project) to specify the main policies that were used since 1862 (date of the first metropolitan railway operating), and so of to make their main advantages and drawbacks emerge
Plaza, Delphine. "La gestion des émotions dans un métier de relation de service : les Animateurs Agents Mobiles engagés dans une Nouvelle Relation de Service." Paris 8, 2009. http://octaviana.fr/document/152360670#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textThe thesis was supported by a transportation company (grant CIFRE with RATP). The focus was twofold. It aimed at a better knowledge of how subway operators accomplish their specific service activities. It was based on an ergonomic approach of activity analysis (Leplat, 1997, 2000) for identifying the ways through which operators manage the situations they faced and the resources they engage for managing their emotions in these situations. Ethnomethodological observations (68 operators) showed that emotions were not only negative ones (frustration, anger. . . ), but that situations management also led to positive emotions (work satisfaction, pleasure, laugh,) ; beside "neutral" situations, "positive" situations and "tricky" ones were identified, where operators engage "individual" or "institutional" resources (available in the organisation). A set of tricky situations was transposed for designing training situations (for continuous training). From these observations, semi-open interviews were organised with 60 operators differing in seniority and in the polyvalence of their work: information and sale with or without checking tasks. Globally, positive as well as "tricky" situations were available for agents commenting on their emotions. Polyvalent agents reported more positive emotions, and used more institutional resources. Younger agents were more positive than agents with more experience: it cannot be known if the difference is linked to changes in how agents are recruited and trained, or to a negative effect of long term professional activity. Unexpectedly, checking tasks were not considered trickier than interactions at the ticket office. Implications of the thesis from the company points of view were twofold. Firstly, a deep knowledge of the job of subways operators was spread over the company and was helpful for investigating a significant technical and organisational change. Second, identifying the resources operators used for managing their emotions and identifying significant positive and tricky situations were used for the design of on-the-job training situations. The chosen approach of emotions as components of activity susceptible to be managed proved to be useful in an ergonomic purpose, emphasising the existence and the role of institutional resources, which could be developed without drastic organisational changes, and the possibility of training centred on the used of existing resources
Vicaine, Céline. "Flexibilisation du travail et relations sociales." Paris 8, 2007. http://octaviana.fr/document/143344390#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textThis work (study) questions the participation of individuals in collective bargaining following the Aubry laws, during the reduction of work time and its articulation with the organisation of a work democracy for the management of work relations. The participation, taken in the context of the social division of work, leads to understand that which these devices create in the shape of wage regulation of the RATP. The study carried out in the company shows that individuals integrate as much these devices (mechanisms) as they oppose them. They allow new relations to activate by opening spaces of expression that individuals invest in and question the creation of social categories, their form of action and their capacity to invest in spaces of democracy. The reconfiguration of conflict relies on the processes, allowing the emergence of the possibility to form social relations to constitute new objectives, mobilisations and to intervene in the practical evolution processes
Carta, Gianna. "Concevoir l'intervention pour l'autopoïèse organisationnelle : l'apprentissage comme condition." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018CNAM1178/document.
Full textThis thesis presents the design of a model for an ergonomic intervention with developmental and autopoietic aims. It is based on the organizational change of an entity in charge of the signalling devises maintenance for the Parisian subway. Its developmental goal is to empower actors to redesign their work processes in an enabling, autonomous and sustainable way based on the emerging needs of a transversal activity that is to be imagined. The intervention was conceived and equipped as a formative process. The Developmental Laboratory (LD) impels two levels of cross-sectional investigation. The LD1 concerns the production work or even the redesign of maintenance processes (functional dimension). The LD2 deals with the practices underlying the previously organizing process (metaflective dimension). The place ofthe analysis of the activity and the roles of the enabling ergonomist appear as key elements to translate the developmental potential of the actors (ergonomist included) and their practices into actual production