Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Régimes politiques – Afrique'
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Holo, Guy-Fabrice. "Les régimes de transition en Afrique subsaharienne francophone." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01D062.
Full textSub-Saharan Africa has been known for going through transitional phases from one-party state dictatorship or limited democracy to a multi-party system or a real democracy. Observing these transitions highlights the fact that the same type of regimes is used during the process. At first, it can be said that transitions are made by a parliamentary system. Adopting this specific form of regime enhances the aim of the transitional regime, which lies into liberalizing the political institutions of the country. Nevertheless, a more profound study reveals that if all those regimes may have the external criteria of a parliamentary system, it's not the same regime per se. In one case, most of the power remains in the hand of the head of State while in the other, it's a shared power. Thus, there is no transitional regime but what can be described as a "constitutional model" of the transition that uses the same organs but with a different distribution of power between them
Fontaine, Sonia-Roselène. "Les régimes politiques des transitions : les exemples chilien et sud-africain." Paris 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA010335.
Full textBanyongen, Élie S. "Économie politique de la coopération entre l’Afrique et la Chine - Analyse institutionnelle de la stratégie des acteurs : les cas du Sénégal et du Gabon." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/23351.
Full textMpondo, Epo Bruno. "Régime civil, régime militaire : contribution à l'analyse des réalités societales en Afrique noire." Lyon 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1991LYO33011.
Full textToday, the african continent has almost liberated itself from the bondage of colonialism. However, it is only beginning to win over freedom for its suffering peoples. Colonialism has given to its colonies a mixture of good and bad things, i. E. New educational systems, methods of management and governments undissociable from modern states. But, it has also generated the frustration of local cultures. At the time of independence, no virtual nations nor institutions existed as such. With regard to political movements that had accelerated the accession to independence, their objective was negative. They did not express the idea of building lasting societies nor the ambition of promoting such projects. Their main objective was to conquer and consolidate their power through the executive and they started using intimidation. On behalf of the peoples, new political elites without any constraints took over its political power, its rights and abilities. At that point, no one could suspect how ironical and tragical the future would be. After being mobilized for the struggle towards independence, the peoples found themselves demobilized due to the fact that their participation was not requested. Ever since thein, those in power, under the cover of official functions, only took care of their personal interest. Feeling exluded then, the military precipitated the "coups d'etat". The objective of this study is to demistify the promises made and bring solutions to the actual crisis
Sène, Moustapha. "Les nouveaux militantismes politiques dans les ONG de droits de l'Homme du Sénégal : Études comparatives des trajectoires de l'engagement et de la reconversion." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REN1G023.
Full textIn the traditional social organizations of Sub-Saharan Africa, the struggle for national liberation and the emergence of contemporary Senegal, Human Rights have held an important place in society and they have played a pivotal role in the process of constructing the rule of law and democracy. The gradual opening to political pluralism in the 1980s and 1990s proved to be an excellent opportunity for people working on behalf of Human Rights in Western Africa and for NGOs such as RADDHO, ONDH, Amnesty International/Senegal to progressively expand and participate in the building of civil society, education, citizenship and the reinforcement of democratic acquisitions. However, with the arrival of the first wave of political change in 2000 came a regression in the respect of Human Rights. This renewal of militancy taught us about the trajectory of the militants themselves, the organization and operational strategies of Human Rights NGOs and new configurations of the public arena which were translated into the social, cultural, economic and political issues faced by Senegal. This situation has refocused attention on the impact of political militancy on Human Rights and the public arena and it is the core of this study
Mangueleze, Maria de Lurdes. "À l'ombre du parti-état : démocratie et responsabilité en contexte de paternalisme autoritaire." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0071/document.
Full textWhat are the concrete practices of political accountability and how do they make it possible to understand the nature and methods of negotiations of power within the State in Mozambique? This study makes a contribution to the debates over the last thirty years over the phenomena of democratic institutionalization during the third wave of democratization. Within this framework, political accountability is seen as the necessary instrument capable of provoking change in authoritarian regimes, by removing the authoritarian “residue” from the newly established democracies. Through a careful reading of the literature, this research has highlighted that the founding of political accountability is a process that reveals transformative dynamics as a place of confluences and negotiations between various political arenas and authorities that make up the structure of political regimes. The idea of democracy in Mozambique has facilitated the linking of various experiences, which have aided in reformulating or accelerating the process of democratic institutionalization. These experiences should be analyzed in their historicity, while also incorporating modern elements motivated by political competition by the balance of power between Frelimo, and Renamo and Democratic Movement of Mozambique (MDM). The contribution of this study is to think of democratic institutionalization as a transformative process and political accountability as being intrinsically sown into the links between the dominant powers, based on the experiences of the actors involved in the process of democratic institutionalization and the connections they establish amongst themselves. In other words, this project is not merely macro-political, but rather combines all the levels of power, most notably from the bottom. This research is founded on fieldwork done in two districts: Chibuto (South) where Frelimo is largely favored and Gondola (Center) where Renamo has gained political support
Camara, Yaya Seydou. "Régimes de change et performances économiques en Afrique Sub-saharienne." Thesis, Nice, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NICE0031/document.
Full textIn this PhD. thesis titled “Exchange Rate Regimes and Economic Performances in Sub-Saharan Africa”, we carried out analysis to show the relationship between the choice of exchange rate regimes and economic performances in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). In order to proceed to comparative analysis, first we breakdown the global sample (SSA) into two, which are the monetary union countries or CFA franc zone countries (ZCFA) and the non-monetary union countries or countries outside CFA franc zone (HZCFA), then we breakdown the sample into four subsample, which are the West Africa Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) countries, the Central Africa Economic and Monetary Community (CAEMC) countries, the HZCFA countries with fixed exchange rate regimes and the HZCFA countries with flexible exchange rate regimes. Our analysis focuses on the following topics:1. Exchange rate regimes and monetary policies in SSA2. Convergence between WAEMU and CAEMC3. Exchange rate regimes and macroeconomic instabilities in SSA4. Exchange rate regimes, Real exchange rate and its adjustment in SSA5. Exchange rate regimes, macroeconomic instabilities and economic growth in SSAThe empirical results based on topics mentioned above conducted to mixed results depending on our subsamples. Also, they show that the exchange rate regimes have not been well managed in SSA, and that they have been sometimes used as means to hide bad economic results induced by non-effective economic policies and non-effective economic decisions
Jedlane, Nabil. "Les régimes de change des pays du Maghreb." Orléans, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ORLE0502.
Full textSanni, Olaoye Kehinde. "Régimes militaires rédempteurs et changement politique en Afrique sud-saharienne : le cas du Ghana : (1982-1992)." Bordeaux 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR1D034.
Full textBlaszkiewicz, Hélène. "Économie politique des circulations de marchandises transfrontalières en Afrique australe. Les régimes de circulations dans les Copperbelts." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE3052.
Full textThis dissertation analyzes cross-border commercial circulations through the concept of circulations regimes. Regimes are defined as lasting articulations of ideologies, policies, actors, hard and soft infrastructures, material and immaterial that enable or prevent the circulations of things. Thanks to an ethnographic study conducted in Central African Copperbelts (in Zambia and Democratic Republic of Congo), this research identified three circulations regimes: - the power-steering regime is founded on a set of technologies that enable goods to move quickly, as speed represents the major positive value actors use to legitimate their actions. This regime is based on extraverted infrastructures whose organization was created during European colonization of Southern Africa. - the spare wheel regime is deployed in case of emergency which is virtually all the time given the permanent fiscal emergency in which the Zambian State is. This regime is based on ambivalent infrastructures through which the government has to find a balance between promoting free trade, as it is expected to do on the global stage and developing neo-mercantilist policies.- the off-trail regime is marked by its modularity: its characteristics make it difficult for the traditional infrastructures to detect and count these circulations. The latter then have the possibility to move more flexibly along non-traditional paths and can contribute to change the general patterns of trade in the long-term. The categorization by circulations regimes allows to analyze more specifically the differentiated use of the same infrastructure network and the role of public and private actors in the bureaucratization of trade
Ripoll, Laetitia. "Régime de change et performances réelles." Montpellier 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MON10054.
Full textDablé, Zietto. "Diversité des régimes militaires en Afrique de l’Ouest : cas de la Haute-Volta, du Ghana et du Mali." Paris 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA010518.
Full textDiao, Boubacar Fall. "La recherche hégémonique du président de la République du Sénégal et ses implications dans la conduite de sa charge sur les plans national et international." Thesis, Paris 5, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA05D019.
Full textPas de résumé en anglais
Moutou-Kango, Joseph. "Flux des capitaux internationaux et politique monétaire en régime de taux de changes fixes : expériences des pays de la B.E.A.C." Orléans, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986ORLE0502.
Full textFakhri, Naziha. "Régime de change, monnaie d’ancrage et relations commerciales : le cas des pays du MOAN." Aix-Marseille 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AIX24003.
Full textTrabelsi-Masmoudi, Lilia. "Etude du choix du régime de change dans le contexte mondial : cas des pays du Maghreb." Paris 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA020008.
Full textSince the disappearance of the Breton-Woods fixed exchange rate regime, almost 30 years ago, the problematic of setting-up a viable exchange rate regime in developing countries has become more and more complex and so different choices were given to those countries. This was due, to the divergence of de facto and de jure exchange rate regimes, but more than that, even if the exchange rate regime is identified, choosing the best one remains a controversial option. In fact, as the new context is characterized by the strong mobility of capitals, many economists and governments assert that only the corners regimes are viable (absolute fixity or flexibility). But, the world is not going the way described by the supporters of the corners regimes, and thus looking for other exchange rate regimes, and for a real exchange rate standard which takes into account the position of economy in a universal space, is still an up-to-date question. In order to palliate this debate on exchange rate regimes raised up in the literature, we took an interest in the case of Maghreb countries. These countries are wondering since the beginning of the 1990's about the exchange rate regime (because of the European proposition of establishing the free exchange area and the effective starting of the euro). And so, we approached the problem of the exchange rate strategy, using two point of vues : first, structural, to get a real exchange rate standard and see its effects on economic development, second we adopted a conjuncture method to determine the best exchange rate regime for such countries which economies suffer from internal and external shocks. The structural analysis has shown a real under-valuation in comparison to purchasing power parity and even to the Balassa effect, which used to be beneficial for the development of such economies. In order to complete this structural study, we have set up empirical works on the economical sources of fluctuation in the three Maghreb counties : Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia using the Vectorial Auto-regression methodology and distinguishing between the internal and the external shocks. We aim to see the influence of these shocks on the key macro-economic variables in these countries (the level of costs, the real exchange rate and the gross national product) and subsequently deduce the more adequate exchange rate regime. The analysis of the response functions to shocks and the variance decompositions of the forecast error, during the selected period of research, induce different choice of exchange rate regime for the Maghreb countries but the reasons of that choice differ for the countries examined
Nzepa, Serge. "Le rôle du programme d'ajustement structurel dans la réforme du régime de l'investissement étranger adoptée par les pays d'Afrique subsaharienne surendettés." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010280.
Full textThis thesis emphasizes the role of structural adjustment program (SAP) on the foreign investment reform adopted by the heavily indebted subsaharan african countries. In the first part, the author shows that the sap has become a fundamental rule that subsaharan African countries must now comply with in all their economic conduct, including their conduct towards foreign investments. First, he describes the causes of the sap's adoption by African countries, especially their balance of payments crisis occured in the early 1980 s. , and their indebteness. Afterwards, he points out that sap fonction is to guarantee subsaharan african countries' external debt towards their creditor. Finally, he shows that the performance of this rule is sanctionned by a strict control ensured by ifm. In the second part, the author deals with the foreign investment reform adopted by subsaharan African countries in order to comply with sap. First, he studies the principal measure adopted by these countries, especially the national investment code liberalization. Then, he stresses the other national measures carried out such as public enteprises privatization and export free zones. Finally, he analyses the international extensions of these national measures such as bilateral investment treaties, the world bank guidelines on the treatment of foreign investment and the political risk guarantees (national garantees and miga's garantee).
Cheklat, Kamal. "L'intégration régionale à l'épreuve des régimes autoritaires : l'exemple des Etats du Maghreb." Paris 8, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA083832.
Full textThe evolution of the Maghreb at the end of the 1980s inaugurated a new cycle in the inter-Maghreb. A new dynamic unit seems to cross the Maghreb, perceptible through the political discourse of rulers. The creation of the UMA in February 1989, with five countries: Algeria, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco and Tunisia, this rapprochement dedicated inter-Maghreb. Following the failure of previous attempts, the creation of the UMA tends primarily to enhance regional cooperation between Member States in order to create an integrated regional economic whole. However, this new process of integration within the AMU was unstable and showed a lot of delays. There is currently no structure or political or economic, whether Federal or associative, linking the Maghreb countries. These problems are compounded by the Euro-Mediterranean context. While the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership (EMP) could promote an increase in the Maghreb integration, seventeen years later the situation has not really changed. This raises the question of the underlying reasons for the weakness of the Maghreb integration. The literature on Maghreb integration is attached to describe the status quo that characterizes the Maghreb by focusing on a number of key elements. If the explanatory factors are diverse, this thesis seeks to identify those among them who are determinants of this diversity. It is by exploring the links that may exist between regional integration and systems of authoritarian governments that govern Maghreb states that we will succeed to generate intelligibility concrete situations at work in the region
Bennafla, Karine. "La restructuration des espaces frontaliers en afrique centrale." Strasbourg 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000STR1GE01.
Full textGhanem, Darine. "Politique Monétaire et Régimes de change dans les pays du Moyen Orient et d'Afrique du Nord." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON10016/document.
Full textThis thesis lies within the debate about the role of the exchange rate regime and the monetary policy. It develops an empirical analysis in 17 countries of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). Contrary to the widespread tenet of the superiority of corner regimes, MENA countries have often chosen intermediate regimes. This raises two questions: first what are the reasons for the choice of an intermediate regime? Second how do these countries perform in macroeconomic terms? In this research we bring about material for answering these two questions. The first chapter deals with the choice of the exchange rate regime. We test the main factors suggested by the theory. The empirical analysis confirms the role of factors that are related to the fear of floating hypothesis. In the second chapter we assess the impact on inflation of the choice of an exchange rate regime. The adoption of a fixed exchange rate regime is often motivated by the desire to keep inflation under control, although the success is not guaranteed. The empirical analysis shows that low inflation is rather associated to a de facto stable exchange rate than a formal fixed exchange rate. The third chapter analyses the effect of exchange rate flexibility on growth. The conventional theory states that flexible exchange rates have a stabilizing effect. But an excess in exchange rate volatility may undermine the real macroeconomic performance. In fact the dollarisation of public and private debts generates the fear of floating observed in MENA countries, and reduces the capacity to resort to this instrument. The fourth chapter develops an assessment of monetary and exchange rate policy in Syria in the 2000 decade
Fall, Ndeye Dior. "Les transitions démocratiques en Afrique subsaharienne francophone : les exemples du Sénégal et du Gabon." Thesis, Perpignan, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PERP0033.
Full textConceived as the progressive evolution of an often authoritarian political regime towards the democracy, the democratic transition is a generic expression which designates very diverse situations. Supposed to be initiated in the French-speaking sub-Saharan African states at the same time as the independence of 1960, this phenomenon would result from the transposition by the former colonies of the French constitution of the Fifth Republic. But simply importing this standard, followed by its application for a period of a quarter of a century, is enough to qualify the countries concerned as democratic? Halfway between constitutional law, history and political science, this comparative study focuses on Senegalese and Gabonese examples. First, aiming to demonstrate the plurality of the process of democratization in French-speaking sub-Saharan Africa, this work then highlights the efforts made since independence to this end. Analyzing the constitutional texts and the institutional practice, they draw up a critical inventory of the situation in these two countries
Natielse, Kouléga Julien. "Le Burkina Faso de 1991 à nos jours : entre stabilité politique et illusionnisme démocratique." Phd thesis, Université Montesquieu - Bordeaux IV, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00869173.
Full textSarr, Vieux papa moussa. "Le néo-patrimonialisme. De la construction théorique à l'épreuve de l'état et de la démocratie électorale en Afrique. : Cas du Cameroun et de la côte d'Ivoire." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCD082.
Full textThis PhD dissertation addresses the neo-patrimonial regime paradigm, developed by Jean-François Médard as theory to explore African domination. Starting by academic debates around this paradigm, the study focus on two national cases: Cote d’Ivoire and Cameroon, two Subsaharian Africa countries (SSAC) in democratic transition process. Keeping the way of academic studies on the electoral democracy penetration process in SSAC, the study considers democratization as critical event for neopatrimonialism, the principal regime of domination in SSAC. The analysis proposes a comprehensive approach of this crisis, observing the terms of contact between votes, political competition and resistance of two heads of state, Paul Biya and Laurent Gbagbo, who are children of neopatrimonalism, the regime of perpetual power. In the first part consecrated to methodology, we present the academic debate around the neopatrimonialism (chapter 1st), looking deeply in the contextualization of this paradigm in Africanist studies (chapter 2). The second part develops the hypothesis of “national neopatrimonialism”, by presenting the local trajectories of hegemonic category and figures of domination (chapter 3). We also observe the constitutional terms of replacement of “Father of the Nation” Ahidjo and Houphouet-Boigny as the origin of hegemonic crisis in Cameroon and part of determinant of civil war in Cote d’Ivoire (chapter 4). The study consider (part 3) the ambiguous cohabitation between neopatrimonialism regime and electoral democracy, the alternative mode of power exercise. This cohabitation makes sense at national level : we specifically analyse resources of Paul Biya long stay in power in time of electoral democracy(chapter 5) and, in contrary, the causes of Gbagbo fall inside this complex games and issues of Cote d’Ivoire crisis (2002-2010) and transition (chapter 6)
Sanka, Jean-Louis. "Frontières, politiques, dynamiques territoriales et environnement en Afrique de l'Ouest : le cas des Rivières du Sud : Gambie, Casamance (Sénégal), Guinée Bissau, Guinée Conakry." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR30045.
Full textThe territorial and regionalization question become two central paradigms for the political powers and the specialists of the human and social sciences. In Africa, the link between these two realities refers inevitably to territories, identities, States, globalization and to the development of news phenomena (trans-nationalization). For the researchers, the study of these phenomena raises a whole series of conceptual and methodological preoccupations, while for the decision-makers; it refers to geopolitical and economic opportunities. In the territorial question, the arrangement worries are translated by town and country planning policies known under the name of "communitary", and those of responsibility and liberties are traduced by the policies of free movement of people and goods, the harmonization of the standards. In terms of regionalization processes, the question of the scales and models of intervention to be promoted is more than alarming after the failure of what is called integration from the bottom. The socioeconomic changes in contemporary Africa lead societies to do make new link between the local and global situations without crossing by the formerly necessary national stage. These are two spatial dimensions that are found perfectly in western Africa, both fragmented and advanced integration space. Africa is also a continent where the border areas play important economic and social role more than political one. Can the socio-economic activity consequently involve the policy? Border areas which are also rich shambles, grouping a multitude of actors, play this role. The border itself is in constant transformation. The changes which it undergoes are of different levels: social, economic, political and even geographical. Trade, movements, social and cultural links are the factual elements that cause the decomposition of the border. They are invariants that are empirically observed first. The synergy between networks and the territorialities is an advantage for trade and regionalization from below
Martini, Jessica. "Acteurs et dynamiques d’action publique autour de la lutte contre les maladies chroniques dans un pays sous régime d’aide: Le cas de la lutte contre le diabète au Mali." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/308303.
Full textDoctorat en Santé Publique
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Chauzal, Grégory. "Les règles de l'exception : la régulation (du) politique au Mali et au Niger." Phd thesis, Institut d'études politiques de Bordeaux, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00604128.
Full textAl, Hajj Fadia. "Monetary policies and exchange rate regimes in Sub-Saharan Africa." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0233.
Full textSub-Saharan African policy makers’ main objective is to create sustainable growth as a result of the recent downturns of growth. Sustainable growth could be achieved by remediating both internal and external vulnerabilities to avoid macroeconomic disruption. In Sub-Saharan Africa, internal vulnerabilities arise from bad governance and institutions, inefficient choices of economic policies and other factors such as civil wars. As for external vulnerabilities, it is related to their balance of payment weaknesses due to their high debt and high trade dependency (high import to GDP level with low export diversification).Therefore, this thesis focus on alleviating both vulnerabilities.The first chapter proposes a comparison of two monetary policies’ resilience to several types of shocks. We consider inflation targeting in Ghana and South Africa and currency board in WAEMU countries while simulating shocks using FPAS model.The second chapter focuses on the objective of solving external vulnerabilities. We propose a policy-mix strategy where Sub-Saharan African countries undertake simultaneously a nominal and real anchor to stabilise the cost of debt and promote trade competitiveness. We propose a general equilibrium model to find its main determinants while backing up our findings using SVAR and MS-VAR estimations.The third chapter’s objective is solving internal vulnerabilities. We test simultaneous the role of a monetary policy governed by the fiscal policy and the existence of a large parallel exchange rate in propagating a high and chronic inflation, in a context of civil disorder. To do so we estimate an SVAR and a VECM model in a fragile state that is Sudan
Sissoko, M'baha Moussa. "Les obstacles sociopolitiques à la décentralisation au Mali (1991-2017) : études de cas auprès des Régions de Tombouctou et Koulikoro dans le cadre de leurs partenariats respectivement avec la Région Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes et la Coopération technique belge." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE2018.
Full textThis thesis provides a documented analysis of Malian decentralization through the prism of partnerships between the regions of Timbuktu and Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, and between the Koulikoro Region and the Belgian Technical Cooperation. The thesis utilises Policy Transfer Studies (PTS) and the cognitive and normative approach toward public policies. It begins with a concise analysis regarding the history of the decentralization reform, implemented alongside the genesis of the Malian State (1960). After the political transition in Mali that began at the end of March 1991, the implementation of decentralization became crucial for the future of the country, especially with respect to the Tuareg rebellion. After more than two decades and in spite of some significant gains, however, this reform still faces various obstacles, which are explored throughout. This thesis then turns toward the projects supporting decentralization in the Timbuktu and Koulikoro Regions, particularly those founded in their respective partnerships. Special emphasis will be placed on the relevance of the support provided, their alignment with the national decentralization policy, and in addition the difficulties of ownership, which hinder the transfer of the "local development" models promoted by the technical and financial partners. This thesis demonstrates that, due to the lack of sufficient financial resources allocated by the Malian government to decentralization reform, this one is in fact in a situation of almost total dependence on international financial and technical assistance. In addition, this project illustrates that the Malian government's new financial commitment to transfer 30% of public revenue to local authorities for 2018 does not give local authorities enough leeway. Finally, this thesis concludes with an analytical overview of the diagnosis relating to the obstacles to decentralization in Mali as a whole, and provides a number of recommendations to help overcome these obstacles
Natielse, Kouléga Julien. "Le Burkina Faso depuis 1991 : entre stabilite politique et illusionnisme démocratique." Phd thesis, Université Montesquieu - Bordeaux IV, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00957659.
Full textSall, Abdoul Khadry. "Les perspectives de ciblage de l'inflation dans les pays de l'Union Economique et Monétaire Ouest Africaine (UEMOA)." Thesis, Orléans, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ORLE0507/document.
Full textThis thesis focuses on evaluating the "Prospects of Inflation Targeting in the WAEMU countries" in the wakeof the new institutional reform followed by the WAMU and the BCEAO. This reform must be accompanied byan explicit operational strategy insofar as its major innovations are very close to a policy of inflation targeting.Accordingly, we assess the impact of monetary policy of the BCEAO that focused on fixed exchange ratesince independence. In this respect, we manifest the inability of the fixed exchange rate policy to anchorinflation expectations in the WAEMU countries and the potential contribution regarding the announcement oftarget in controlling inflation (Chapter 1). In addition, we demonstrate, on the one hand, that the fixedexchange rate policy was not the cause of inflation contained in the WAEMU, and on the other, it providespoor results in terms of high and sustained economic growth (Chapter 2). Consequently, we recommend aframework of combination of an intermediate exchange rate regime and an inflation targeting strategy forWAEMU countries. Hence, an inflation target has been determined and it appears to be different from onecountry to another, against the 2% target announced by the Monetary Policy Committee of the BCEAO(Chapter 3). Finally, we define the inflation targeting rule, and show that the best optimal rule that monetaryauthorities adopt in an inflation targeting framework should ideally, reconciles nominal anchor and economicregulation (Chapter 4)
Bodjrenou, Laurence Harmonie Sèna. "Les paradoxes de la lutte contre la corruption en Afrique : cas du Bénin et du Rwanda." Thèse, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/13495.
Full textDemocratic regimes are often praised in the general discourse reproduced by international institutions and assumed by the main political actors in the world as a great weapon for the fight against corruption and good governance. However, the analysis of two african countries, Benin and Rwanda, seems to indicate that it is the country with the least democratic system that succeed the best in the fight against corruption. Against all expectations, in fact, Rwanda despite the often decried authoritarianism of his government, outperforms Benin, often applauded for its successful democratic transition. This trend is confirmed by most indicators of corruption. This finding, challenges the starting assumptions, and then forces us to wonder about the source of the performance of Rwanda. This memory precisely demonstrates that the relationship between the nature of the political regime and the effectiveness of the fight against corruption is far from automatic. The rules of the political game within the regime and the quality of anti-corruption institutions implemented can have a major influence on the success or failure of measures against corruption.
Morency-Laflamme, Julien. "Regime crises in Africa : a study of armed forces’ behaviour." Thèse, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/18518.
Full textThis Ph.D. dissertation analyzes the factors that influence armed forces’ decisions to tolerate or suppress opposition movements demanding political reforms which could lead to regime change. This dissertation helps to fill a large gap in the literature as only a few scholars have attempted to explain military behaviour during regime crisis. It does so through an analysis of how anti-coup policies and opposition forces’ characteristics lead to the formation of marginalized military cliques and their potential support for regime change. It theorizes that the head of state’s survival strategy, specifically coup-proofing measures, influences military factions’ willingness to preserve the status quo. Reliance on loyalists leads to armed forces with a powerful core loyal to the incumbent regime and willing to use repression, while the strategy of counterbalancing leads to armed forces largely unattached to the maintenance of the regime. Under these circumstances, opposition forces can foster regime defection when they offer a viable alternative to the incumbent government, if the opposition can unify around a moderate platform that provides realist demands vis-à-vis regime forces. The main argument, on the influence of divergent coup-proofing policies on military actions, is assessed through a comparison of Benin and Togo. In each state, authoritarian regimes responded to the challenge of opposition mobilization by initiating negotiation processes. Divergences in coup-prevention techniques and credible commitment capacity of the opposition explain why the opposition campaign in the beginning of the 1990s was successful in Benin but failed in Togo. This research is based on two methods: process-tracing and the comparative method.