Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Région Afrique centrale francophone'
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Ridja, Mali Ange. "Réappropriation des partenariats public-privé et de la coopération transfrontalière dans les pays d'Afrique francophone : essai sur la région des Grands Lacs." Thesis, Perpignan, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PERP0021.
Full textThe end of the Second World War, the cold war, the peaceful cohabitation, the movements of independences, the bipolar end of the world, the multi-form and successive crises (cultural, social economic and financial), here is so many events which changed the designs and the vision of the world. The private initiative is again approved by a large majority on the world scene. Indeed, the meeting enters the know-how (financial and technical) of the private sector and the ambitious but very limited public sector, symbolized in the initials "PPP", becomes the winning formula.New spaces make their appearance encouraged by the wind of the regional and economic integration. The movement of decentralization propelling that of the cross-border cooperation, we assist more and more a slow but very promising reconfiguration of the cross-border dynamics almost everywhere in the world. Certain regions offer very interesting perspectives, as well from the point of view of the cross-border cooperation as the PPP. It is in particular the case of the French-speaking region of Africa of Great Lakes. Encircle the PPP and the cross-border cooperation, to check their complementarities and finally to follow the mechanism of reappropriation of these two concepts in the French-speaking region of Africa of Great Lakes: here are the main objectives that assigned this research work
Taty, Alain. "La contribution de la Banque européenne d' investissement au développement économique et industriel de l' Afrique centrale noire francophone." Toulouse 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOU10020.
Full textThe European Bank finances projects and programmes in Central African States. The purpose of our research-study is to explore the legal regime of technics set up by EIB and politics used in Central Africa
Sournia, Gérard. "Les aires protégées d'Afrique francophone (Afrique occidentale et centrale) : hier, aujourd'hui, demain : espaces à protéger ou espaces à partager ?" Bordeaux 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR30072.
Full textAhamat, Hamid Mahamat. "Les stratégies des entreprises françaises face à la crise économique en Afrique centrale : le cas des banques et des assurances." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010042.
Full textFor several years, central african countries have been experiencing a major and unprecedented economic, financial and political crisis. Its effect upon firms established in this region have been unevenly felt especially by foreign banks and insurance firms. The aim of this thesis is to scrutinize the strategic solutions of french banks and insurance firms to the crisis. According to the survey carried out, as well as from intervgiews and inquiries, its seems that french firms, by contrast with what one could have expected meaning a massive outflow of capital given the extent of ther crisis, have rather chosen to maintain their business whilst adapting their strategies. These strategies have taken various forms : strategies aimed at refocusing their activities, taking majority interest and selecting their market segment. The main reazson behind the choice of such strategies is linked with the old-aged establishment of these firms, harking back to the colonisation period
Bango, Ange. "L'élaboration et la mise en oeuvre de la fiscalité dans les pays de la Communauté économique et monétaire de l'Afrique centrale (CEMAC)." Lyon 3, 2009. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/out/theses/2009_out_bango_a.pdf.
Full textIn the countries of the CEMAC, the elaboration and the implementation of the taxation seems a complex stake. Indeed, if the Parliament formally remains the principal source of the taxation, in practice, it is the executive which has about it a true capacity of impulse. The tax texts of these countries are also marked by the influence of backers. Moreover, the process of sub-area integration has as a corollary the emer-gence of a Community pole of development of the tax policies, reducing the tax competence of the na-tional parliaments. These actors of the development of the taxation act and interact according to ration-alities' which are some different times, even contradictory; what is not without consequence at the stage of the implementation of the taxation. The inefficiency of the actors who are charged with this imple-mentation (financial controls, tax jurisdictions) make that the taxes which are enacted are not inevitably those which are applied in practice. To mitigate these insufficiencies, it is advisable to meet the condi-tions of a development of the taxation taking of account the economic and sociocultural environment of these countries. With this intention, and within sight of the experiments in progress, the participative approach must be developed. In order to come to an effective and efficiant application of the taxation, the action must also relate to the modernization of the tax services and the stimulation of the jurisdic-tional institution (in supplement of the role which can play the tax mediation). The restoration of the tax governance is at this price
Badziokela, Merlin. "Le droit du travail dans les états d'Afrique centrale : particularités et ressemblances." Nice, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NICE0035.
Full textEmployment law in African french speaking countries is very similar and possess the same particularities can be noticed throughout their evolution. Modern Employment law began with the law of 15 december 1952 which instituted a code of employment for french colonies. During the 60s, Equatorial african french colonies became independent states. As a consequence, political leaders and legislators changed. Each state instituted its own national code of employment which incorporated its own economic, political and social realities. During the 90s, economic, political and social evolution forced the governments to adopt democratic institutions and to convert to economic liberalism. They set up legislative and structural reform. Following the example of other african countries, Cameroon, the Central african Republic, Congo Brazzaville, Gabon and Chad, they began the revision of their own code of employment respectively. They created the central african economic and Monetary Commitee (CEMAC) in charge of following the economic reform. Since early 2000, african countries are, in general, more and more concerned with the globalization phenomena. Their marginalisation in the global economy remains worrying. To restrict this marginalisation, african countries have pushed forward with the solution of legal and economic integration at regional level. It is in this context of regional integration that the harmonisation of employment law has been founded. This has taken place within the framework of a treaty of the Organisation for the Harmonisation of Buiness Law in Africa (OHADA)
Righou, Nestor Ide. "La préhistoire du Gabon : le site de Kafélé (région de Kango) : un site de l'âge de la pierre moyen." Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010662.
Full textSituate in central Africa, the Gabon has been a long time considering as a geographic area without past. Today, the research undertaken since the sixties reveral the existence of prehistoric populations in Gabonese territory. Kango area, as the others Gabonese areas contains archaeological remains between the oldest of the country. Kafele site has surrendered a variety of tools. The study of material reveal the existence of several types of tools of big gange (choppers, picks, planes. . . ) by the aide of an important number of chips. Lithics objects were in touch with stone-line with archaic invoice, they have been seted in the middle stone age (m. S. A. ), because of their node of bed (stone-line) and their typology. We raised important similarities between Kafele site and those m. S. A. Of Gabon and central Africa these similarities amount to the nature of sites and the typology of material harvested
Matsanga, Mackossot Ginette Flore. "De l'inscription de la palabre traditionnelle dans le théâtre francophone d'Afrique Centrale : (les Punu du Gabon)." Paris 13, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA131029.
Full textTraditional palaver for the Punu people is a social phenomenon, a meeting, a gathering intended to settle down problems which may bring about disorder in society. It is based on an exchange of words. As a codified speech, palaver can only be apprehended within a particular environment. The manifestation of this phenomenon discloses some elements of drama such as dialog, gesture, silence and dancing. We have studied traditional palaver as a social drama basing our work on two transcribed and translated texts. In that framework, the palaver's analysis has led us to realize how speech changes into action and meaning thanks to its countless aspects. We have then come to the conclusion that oral tradition inspires francophone African drama a lot, notably Gabonese one. To that end, "La Mort de Guykafi", a play by Vincent de Paul Nyonda has helped us justify that assertion
Gnangui, Judicaël. "Statut et dynamique du personnage de l'orphelin dans le roman francophone d'Afrique subsaharienne." Phd thesis, Université de la Sorbonne nouvelle - Paris III, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00968888.
Full textMatondot, Paunel Ulrich-Paterne. "Ethnopolitologie du Congo-Brazzaville : Pulsions, impulsions et répulsions inhérentes à la dynamique collective des Kongo de la région du Pool entre 1491 et 1991." Nice, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NICE0037.
Full textWhen the perestroika flea touched the marxist Congo in 1991, the democracy was “a light brought into a dark house”, according to the new national press. After an overbooking past by bad governance, domination, humiliations, discriminations, calumnies, injustices, assassinates and massacres only committed for identity's difference, this definition suited. The first actors basically were Europeans through the slavery and colonization, then the Congolese ethnic groups themselves about the independent state management. Among the painful, sadistic and heroic collective experiences lived in Congo-Brazzaville, the history of the ethnic group Kongo of the Pool region, the Congolese oldest policy can't go unnoticed. It took five disturbing centuries long, from 1491 to 1991, confusing the nobility of a cause and the “ethnic fundamentalism”
Akera, Itoua Steve. "Contribution à l'étude des institutions de régulation des médias dans les Etats d'Afrique centrale francophone : les cas du Cameroun, du Congo, du Gabon et de la République Démocratique du Congo." Thesis, Reims, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016REIMD002.
Full textAfter decades of monopartism, which was characterized by the influence of the media by the state and the single party, Sub-Saharan African states have chosen the path of pluralistic democracy. It followed the national sovereign conferences in the 90s. These states made the choice of the liberal regime with fundamental freedoms as its guarantees. Freedom of the press, the heart of democracy, is among the recognized freedoms.The exercise of this freedom is to be free of abuse. Thus, to prevent such an abuse, constitutional, law-level and regulatory texts created authorities responsible for the regulation of media. These authorities are part of facilitating tools for the African democracies as "singular" institutions. They are administrative and independent of the unique organic order that flows from the legislative, executive and judicial branches of power. Moreover, to make a legal research on these authorities obliges to focus essentially on practical issues, including media regulatory authorities as an alibi of power or protection of freedoms. Therefore, the thesis is intended to explore the legal grounds and facts in order to make a global critical analysis and proposals for further reforms
Geronimi, Vincent. "Les économies pétrolières du golfe de Guinée face aux chocs : apports et limites des modèles du syndrome hollandais." Paris 10, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA100066.
Full textThe theoretical definition of Dutch disease models (from Gregory 1976, corden and neary 1982) shows their neo-classical basis. This feature explains the emphasis put on relative prices adjustment in the apparition of Dutch disease, leading to the modification of the sectoral distribution of production at the expense of the traded sectors. This specific hypothesis can be tested on the field of guinea gulf oil exporting economies (Cameroon, Congo, Gabon and Nigeria). The important methodological difficulties encountered in the empirical translation of the theoretical representation (identification of traded and non-traded sectors, and also the measurement of relative prices) led to the critic of the weight granted to relative prices adjustment. Economic policies appear as fundamental in the definition of the aftermath of the oil boom, and it is necessary to complement the relative price approach by an analysis of the role economic policies play in the definition of oil rent impact
Lachenaud, Olivier. "Le genre Psychotria (Rubiaceae) en Afrique occidentale et centrale: taxonomie, phylogénie et biogéographie." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209442.
Full textLe présent travail a pour objectifs :1) la révision taxonomique du genre Psychotria pour l’Afrique occidentale et centrale; 2) une étude phylogénétique du genre, visant à reconstituer son évolution et améliorer la classification infragénérique ;et 3) une étude biogéographique régionale de ce groupe, afin de définir des centres de diversité et d'endémisme.
Notre travail de taxonomie, fondé sur l’examen des spécimens d’herbier et sur des missions de terrain au Cameroun et au Gabon, nous a conduit à reconnaître l’existence de 232 espèces en Afrique occidentale et centrale, ce qui fait de Psychotria le plus vaste genre de plantes dans cette région. Parmi ces espèces, 78 sont nouvelles.
Nos travaux phylogénétiques, basés sur l’étude de deux marqueurs nucléaires (ITS et ETS) et quatre chloroplastiques (rps16, trnG, matK et rbcLa), montrent que la classification de Petit (1964, 1966) est largement à revoir. Il apparaît notamment que les deux sous-genres (Psychotria et Tetramerae) reconnus en Afrique, et fondés sur la présence ou l’absence de nodules bactériens foliaires, ne sont pas monophylétiques, certaines espèces ayant secondairement perdu leurs nodules. Nos résultats soutiennent également le rattachement du genre monospécifique Peripeplus à Psychotria.
Le genre Psychotria montre une diversité remarquable, associée à un taux d’endémisme élevé, dans le domaine bas-guinéen (Cameroun et Gabon principalement) où plusieurs centres d’endémisme ont été identifiés. Ceux-ci sont localisés non seulement dans les massifs montagneux de l’intérieur, dont la flore particulière est bien connue, mais également dans les régions littorales. L’Afrique de l’ouest, moins diversifiée, montre cependant un fort endémisme localisé principalement dans deux centres, l’un situé au Liberia et dans l’ouest de la Côte d’Ivoire, l’autre vers la frontière Côte d’Ivoire/Ghana. Le bassin du Congo, comparable en diversité à l’Afrique de l’Ouest, est relativement pauvre en endémiques.
Ces résultats suggèrent que les forêts du Cameroun et du Gabon auraient relativement bien résisté aux périodes sèches passées, et remettent notamment en question l’hypothèse d’une disparition des forêts littorales du golfe de Guinée au cours du Pleistocène./Psychotria is the largest genus in the Rubiaceae family, with several hundred species in wet tropical areas worldwide. Psychotria spp. are mostly shrubs (a few being lianas, creepers or trees) and are often an important component of the undergrowth in tropical rainforests. Some show remarkable adaptations such as leaf bacterial symbiosis or litter gathering. Due to its size and identification problems, Psychotria remains a little-known genus, especially in West and Central Africa, where no major work has been done on this group since the 1960s.
The aims of the present work are: 1) a taxonomic revision of Psychotria in West and Central Africa; 2) a phylogenetic study of the genus, in order to trace its evolution and improve the infrageneric classification; and 3) a regional biogeographic study of the genus, to define centers of diversity and endemism.
Our taxonomical work, based on the study of herbarium specimens and field expeditions in Gabon and Cameroon, led us to recognise 232 species of Psychotria in West and Central Africa. Psychotria is therefore the largest plant genus in this area. Among these species, 78 are new.
Our phylogenetic work, based on two nuclear markers (ITS and ETS) and four chloroplastic markers (rps16, trnG, matK, rbcLa), shows that Petit’s (1964, 1966) infrageneric classification is in need of revision. In particular, we show that the two subgenera present in Africa (subg. Tetramerae and subg. Psychotria), which are defined by the presence or absence of leaf bacterial nodules, are not monophyletic: a secondary loss of the bacterial nodules has occured in some species. Our results also support the merging of the monospecific genus Peripeplus into Psychotria.
The genus Psychotria shows a remarkable diversity and a high level and endemism in the Lower Guinea domain (particularly Cameroon and Gabon) where several centers of endemism are identified. These are located not only in the inland hill ranges, which are well known for their particular flora, but also in littoral areas. West Africa is less diverse but also shows a high level of endemism, which concerns mostly two areas, one in Liberia and western Côte d’Ivoire and the other around the Côte d’Ivoire/Ghana border. The Congo basin, comparable in diversity to West Africa, has relatively few endemic species.
These results suggest that the rainforests of Cameroon and Gabon resisted relatively well during historical drier periods. They do not support the hypothesis of a disappearance of the Gulf of Guinea littoral forests during the Pleistocene.
Doctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Noupoyo, Gabriel. "Les banques centrales africaines et la conduite de la politique budgétaire nationale : les exemples de la B.C.E.A.O. et de la B.E.A.C. : aspects juridiques et financiers." Bordeaux 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR40013.
Full textYedjibaye, Yémingar. "La coopération décentralisée comme facteur d'intégration communautaire : l'approche française, source d'inspiration des pays francophones des sous régions CEMAC et CEDEAO." Poitiers, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010POIT3018.
Full textFrench local authorities and those of countries of CEMAC and ECOWAS were given under the principle of free administration, new competences to lead actions abroad as a decentralized cooperation. If interstate cooperation allowed to lay the foundations of community law, the decentralized cooperation can help to stimulate and strengthen integration. That such cooperation is intra-European or intra-African, the role played by local authorities is crucial, in spite of the fundamental attributes of states in matter of diplomacy and sovereignty. Inspired design doctrinal and French experiences of decentralized cooperation the territorial francophone African States have the assets to help boost African community integration. However battle for peace, democracy, local development, the right governance and the struggle against poverty always require more efforts at sub-regional level. That’s why, the issue of decentralized cooperation demands responses based on a big complementarity and a synergy between all the actors namely citizens, local powers, traditional authorities, lay people, central powers and community institutions
Ngakegni-Limbili, Adolphe Christian. "Etude de synergie des effets chimiques et biologiques des lipides de réserve et des huiles essentielles des fruits et graines saisonniers de la sous-région Afrique Centrale." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012INPT0059/document.
Full textThe composition of essential oils and fat of seasonal fruits and seeds of four plant species from the Congo (Aframomum stipulatum (Gagnep) K. Schum, Aframomum giganteum (Oliv. and Hand) K. Schum, Spondias mombin L. and Nephelium lappaceum L.), was determined by the combined use of mass spectrometry and gas chromatography. The results were used for understanding the bio-accumulation of essential oils and the storage of lipids in the organs of different species. In the case of the genus Aframomum, seeds and fruit shells are both sources of essential oils and fat. Seeds essential oils of the two species of Aframomun were rich in hydrocarbon and oxygenated monoterpene compounds such as β-pinene, 1,8-cineole, phellandrene, with significant levels of sesquiterpenes (α-selinene and β-caryophyllene). The shells essential oils of the same two species appear to be more rich in oxygenated monoterpenes than seeds, with a large structural features (β-pinene, 1,8-cineole, linalool for A. giganteum and b-pinene, terpineol, 1.8 -cineole for A. stipulatum). It is notified in both species that despite the different unit processes used, the presence of lipid with a fatty acid profile of the type palmitic-linoleic. Only lipids have been characterized from Spondias mombin L. and Nephelium lappaceum L.. The different parts of the fruit of Spondias mombin are dominated, like Aframomum, by the presence of palmitic-linoleic with a large presence of hentriacontane in the oil fruit skins. The kernel oil Nephelium lappaceum is distinguished by its wealth of arachidic acid C20:0 and 11-eicosénoïc acid C20:1. The four species contained in phytosterols and tocopherols. Testing promising formulation of herbal products were made with mixtures of surfactants, α-monoglycerides and essential oils from seeds of A. giganteum. Antimicrobial, anticancer, antimalarial and anti-radical activities were evaluated on the essential oils on the lipid as well as on the synthetic analogs of lipid alone or in combination. The results are promising
Boussougou, Alain. "La concentration des populations dans les anciens chantiers d'exploitation forestière en Afrique centrale : Esquisse d’une anthropologie des rapports à la forêt dans les territoires recomposés au Cameroun et au Gabon." Thesis, Paris 5, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA05H011/document.
Full textThis thesis reports on the nature of the relationship to the forest of former employees migrants settled in the former logging camps. It is deployed on a dual approach diachronic and synchronic. The diachronic approach is divided into two time scales: the "pre-industrial age" and "industrial age". This fragmentation of the past this work has provided two of the three parts on which it is articulated. Regarding the first temporality, it reconstructs the living conditions of populations and the mode of management predominate in the forest before installation and the influence of the forest industry. The analysis reveals that "the pre-industrial age" people lived mainly in the forest and they managed sustainably. The second, puts the populations in the world of work sites and demonstrates that with the creation of wage employment, the latter, did longer perceived the forest as a fundamental economic alternative. It sheds light on social dynamics imported by the rise of wage labor: the modernization of localities, changing patterns of living, social needs, attitudes and the easing of relations of dependence of households to the forest. It puts forward the central role of employment in maintaining pressure on household forest land resources. The latter approach leans on the post-employment and examines the return of populations to the massive exploitation of the forest because of the widespread insecurity and lack of alternatives. Thus, after carrying out the comparison of two approaches used, the thesis leads to the assertion of the existence of non-sustainable management of forests in the old workings
Mouafo, Tambo Blaise Désiré. "La prévention et le traitement des difficultés bancaires : (étude comparée de droit français et de droit des pays africains de la zone franc)." Paris 13, 2010. http://scbd-sto.univ-paris13.fr/secure/ederasme_th_2010_mouafo_tambo.pdf.
Full textThe persistence of banking crises bears witness to the vulnerability of banks despite the elaboration of a specific legal framework. Also, if a bank fails and bankruptcy proceedings are opened against it, the chances of recovery are virtually none and some interests are often sacrificed. Using examples from France and African franc zone countries, this thesis proposes a comparative study of the mechanisms of the prevention and treatment of the difficulties that confront the banking industry during the course of its operation. This study shows that the law is not fully consistent with the framework and the requirements of banking activities and demonstrates that it is essential to improve it. Some adjustments must be made both before and after a bank goes bankrupt. Beforehand it is important to take into account the peculiarities of the context in which banks operate in the implementation of the prudential framework. Afterwards, it is important to ensure that the rules relating to receivership and liquidation of assets take into account the requirements and the specificities of the banking industry, both in domestic law as part of an international bankruptcy. The use of certain common law exception mechanisms such as multilateral netting of debt or postponement of the effect of the bankruptcy ruling or the introduction of a deposit insurance mechanism is sometimes essential. By confronting French law with the law that is in force in France and both zones that constitute the African franc zone, to same questions, this work is part of the internationalization of banking industry and the need to consider solutions that take into account the varying contexts of banking operations