Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Région de la baie d''
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Marcotte, Christian. "Les relations entre les trappeurs et les animaux à fourrure : naissance d'une nouvelle génération." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28551.
Full textRiverin, Deschesnes Bruno. "Étude transversale sur le statut en vitamine D et ses déterminants chez les Cris du nord du Québec." Thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2014/30335/30335.pdf.
Full textAboriginal peoples affected by a nutrition transition and living at high latitudes are among the groups most at risk of vitamin D insufficiency. We conducted a cross-sectional study to examine the vitamin D status and associated factors among James Bay Cree. Data from 944 participants aged 15 years and above are from the Nituuchischaayihtitaau Aschii: A Multi-Community Environment and Health Longitudinal Study in Eeyou Istchee. According to the new reference level recently established, the vitamin D status in Cree was found to be suboptimal with nearly half (49%) of the sample population having inadequate concentrations for optimum bone health. We found that women and participants aged less than 40 years were more at risk of insufficiency. In a small sample of Cree children aged eight to 14 years, 43% of participants had concentrations inadequate for bone. Our findings support that it is essential that health professionals be informed in order to provide the necessary dietary counselling or other interventions at the population level to prevent the nutrition transition.
Laliberté, Ann-Catherine. "La limite maritime de l'épinette blanche (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) sur la côte orientale de la baie d'Hudson." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23660/23660.pdf.
Full textNarancic, Biljana. "Indicateurs géochimiques et biologiques des changements environnementaux dans les lacs de l'Arctique canadien de l'Est." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27497.
Full textThe Arctic regions are warming at an alarming rate. However, the magnitude of climate change in the Canadian Arctic is not of the same intensity in all its sub-regions. While the West and North are warming rapidly, the eastern Canadian Arctic experienced climate stability until the turn of the last century. This thesis is a paleolimnological and hydrological case study of the eastern Canadian Arctic region, more specifically of southwestern Baffin Island and of the coastal regions of Hudson Bay in Nunavik (Northern Quebec, Canada). Studies of diatom assemblages from two cores and sedimentary characterization of four cores taken from Nettilling Lake (Baffin Island) allowed for the paleolimnological reconstruction of the region. Stable oxygen isotope signals preserved in diatom frustules allowed for the paleoclimatic and paleohydrological reconstruction of the region. High-resolution isotope analysis combined with the study of the specific composition of diatom assemblages were an important addition to paleoenvironmental reconstructions in the Lake Nettilling region showing that the postglacial history began with a marine transgression (ca. 8300 yrs cal. before present-BP), followed by a transitional brackish phase (ca. 7300 yrs cal. BP) leading to the freshwater lake environment (ca. 6000 yrs cal. BP) which persists to the present-day. The study of thermokarst lakes (permafrost thaw lakes) evaluated the influence of temperature, precipitation and permafrost degradation on the current water balance of 86 sites in Nunavik. A model of isotopic mass balance was used in the study area to establish the lake-specific input water sources and evaporation rates. The results suggest that these lakes are very sensitive to variations in precipitation and air temperature. Some lakes located in sporadic permafrost terrain are susceptible to evaporation as the near absence of permafrost thaw no longer provides a source of water that could compensate for the effect of evaporation in a landscape where permafrost is less degraded and richer in ice.
Compañ, Cadena Ada Bolivia. "Grade-datation par les Foraminifères planctoniques du Néogène de la région d'Achotal (Veracruz, Mexique) : utilisation cartographique et structurale." Toulouse 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOU30229.
Full textGross, Vincent. "Le paysage en géographie : une aide à la compréhension des sociétés. : L'exemple des paysages et des sociétés de la baie du Mont-Saint-Michel et de ses bordures." Caen, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998CAEN1246.
Full textThe object of thesis is to explain the signifiance of the entry "landscape" in a geographic analysis. The thesis backs up with theories and methodes to describe landscapes and their evolutions by societies. The first chapter describes part of Mont-Saint-Michel in his bay and deciphers landscape theories. Those theories instance reflexion and vindicate landscape entry by relating concept evolution in geography and contributions to others subjects. The second chapter is a visual and exterior approach, and examining researcher. The study land is centred with geographic classical implements. The ground experience is attending with photographic information gathering which are analysed in the second tome. By this analysis, proposed landscape units bound bay and its periphery. The third chapter has an interested in people's activities which lives in those landscape and get them up : farming and selfish cultivations. Urban and rural spatial organisation explain space dynamics. Some societies profit by landscapes conquered on the tidal marshes to create a productif agricultural system. Others intensify oysters producing or build landscape and society by mussel cultivation. By tourism which creates new spaces, the forth chapter describes covetousness of localities and protections of territories by insisting in economic attraction make up by visitors. The bay and its periphery are protected, even if range of protections brings to interrogate to present projects. Relations to landscapes produce visible and invisible limits which demonstrate the hardness of a territorial determination and a coherent development. Sometimes, regarded and lived reality and politic ambitions contradict one another. Results and methodologicals contributions end the thesis by geosystem concept to synthesize and to open prospects
Laframboise, Chloé. "Paléoenvironnements Holocènes dans la région de Whapmagoostui-Kuujjuarapik sur la côte est de la Baie d'Hudson." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28048/28048.pdf.
Full textTremblay, Julie. "Analyse dendroécologique du changement récent dans le régime d'enneigement insulaire au réservoir Robert-Bourassa, Québec nordique." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0006/MQ44978.pdf.
Full textCôté-Roberge, Myriam, and Myriam Côté-Roberge. "Contexte tectonométamorphique du nord-ouest du Complexe de Laguiche, sous-province d'Opinaca, Eeyou Itschee Baie-James." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/34575.
Full textLa Sous-province d’Opinaca, située dans le craton du Supérieur, est un important bassin néoarchéen de sédiments métamorphisés. Les modèles tectoniques disponibles pour la formation puis l’évolution de l’Opinaca sont variés, allant du prisme accrétionnel au bassin d’arrière-arc. L’étude tectonométamorphique proposée permet de définir le parcours prograde de la région et ainsi discriminer les modèles probables, chacun impliquant une progression du métamorphisme distincte. Dans le nord-ouest de la Sous-province d’Opinaca, des isogrades tracés à partir de minéraux indicateurs du métamorphisme soulignent une progression du faciès des schistes verts dans le nord-ouest au faciès supérieur des amphibolites au sud-est. L’étude de la chimie minérale des minéraux métamorphiques révèle une homogénéisation généralisée des zonations chimiques. Les relations texturales observées dans le secteur au nord de l’Opinaca et une modélisation de l’équilibre des phases indiquent un chemin P-T-t en sens horaire avec un segment en décompresson de 6 à 4 kbar, à ~ 600 °C. Dans la partie sud du secteur d’étude, le chemin PTt est caractérisé par une décompression isothermique suparsolidus de 9 à 5 kbar, à ~ 800 °C, L’âge de la sédimentation est définie par les populations de zircons détritiques et le recoupement d’intrusifs felsiques entre 2712 Ma et >2690 Ma selon les secteurs. La géochronologie U-Pb sur des monazites indiquent deux pics de métamorphisme, à ~ 2670 et ~ 2645 Ma. La datation des grenats avec le système Lu-Hf indique que la croissance du grenat correspond à la plus jeune génération de monazite, circa 2645 Ma. La première génération de monazite est interprétée comme liée à un événement métamorphique de basse pression n’impliquant pas la croissance de grenat. Ces résultats permettent de proposer pour l’évolution du bassin d’Opinaca un polymétamorphisme dans un environnement géodynamique d’inversion tectonique d’un basin. Après la sédimentation, un premier épisode métamorphisme de haute température affecte le bassin en extension vers 2670 Ma. Vers 2645 Ma, la fermeture du bassin et l’épaississement crustal provoque un deuxième épisode de métamorphisme, de type barrovien, caractérisé par une décompression isothermale possiblement aidée par un certain degré d’extrusion ductile
The Opinaca Subprovince, in the Superior craton, is an important Neoarchean metamorphosed sediments basin. Various models are proposed to explain the formation and evolution of the Opinaca, ranging from accretional prism to back-arc basin. The proposed tectonometamorphic study allows the determination of the prograde evolution of the basin and hence the selection of the most probable regional model, each being characterized by contrasting styles of metamorphic progression. In the north-western Opinaca Subprovince, isograds traced from index minerals highlight a progression from greenschist facies in the north-west to upper amphibolites facies in the south-east. The chemistry of metamorphic minerals shows a global homogenisation of growth zonation. In the northernmost Opinaca Subprovince, textural relations and phase equilibrium modelling indicate a clockwise PTt path with an isothermal decompression segment from 6 to 4 kbar at ~ 600 °C. In the southern part of the study region, the clockwise PTt path is characterized by stronger, suprasolidus isothermal decompression from 9 to 5 kbar at ~ 800 °C. We constrain deposition of the Opinaca greywacke from 2712 to 2690 Ma with the youngest detrital zircon population and crosscutting felsic intrusions. U-Pb monazite geochronology indicates two pulses of metamorphism, at ~2670 and ~ 2645 Ma. Lu-Hf dating of garnet supported by textural analysis and trace element mineral chemistry indicates that garnet growth is coeval with the younger population of monazite, circa 2645 Ma. The first generation of monazite around 2670 Ma is thus interpreted as a low-pressure metamorphic event that did not involve garnet growth. These results point towards a polymetamorphic evolution for the Opinaca Subprovince consistent with the tectonic inversion of a rift-like basin. Clastic sedimentation between 2712 to 2690 Ma in a magmatically active, rift-like basin was followed by regional low-P metamorphism at 2670 Ma. The onset of crustal shortening and thickening in the basin by 2645 Ma resulted in Barrovian-type metamorphism, and involved isothermal decompression that could have been accommodated by some degree of ductile extrusion.
The Opinaca Subprovince, in the Superior craton, is an important Neoarchean metamorphosed sediments basin. Various models are proposed to explain the formation and evolution of the Opinaca, ranging from accretional prism to back-arc basin. The proposed tectonometamorphic study allows the determination of the prograde evolution of the basin and hence the selection of the most probable regional model, each being characterized by contrasting styles of metamorphic progression. In the north-western Opinaca Subprovince, isograds traced from index minerals highlight a progression from greenschist facies in the north-west to upper amphibolites facies in the south-east. The chemistry of metamorphic minerals shows a global homogenisation of growth zonation. In the northernmost Opinaca Subprovince, textural relations and phase equilibrium modelling indicate a clockwise PTt path with an isothermal decompression segment from 6 to 4 kbar at ~ 600 °C. In the southern part of the study region, the clockwise PTt path is characterized by stronger, suprasolidus isothermal decompression from 9 to 5 kbar at ~ 800 °C. We constrain deposition of the Opinaca greywacke from 2712 to 2690 Ma with the youngest detrital zircon population and crosscutting felsic intrusions. U-Pb monazite geochronology indicates two pulses of metamorphism, at ~2670 and ~ 2645 Ma. Lu-Hf dating of garnet supported by textural analysis and trace element mineral chemistry indicates that garnet growth is coeval with the younger population of monazite, circa 2645 Ma. The first generation of monazite around 2670 Ma is thus interpreted as a low-pressure metamorphic event that did not involve garnet growth. These results point towards a polymetamorphic evolution for the Opinaca Subprovince consistent with the tectonic inversion of a rift-like basin. Clastic sedimentation between 2712 to 2690 Ma in a magmatically active, rift-like basin was followed by regional low-P metamorphism at 2670 Ma. The onset of crustal shortening and thickening in the basin by 2645 Ma resulted in Barrovian-type metamorphism, and involved isothermal decompression that could have been accommodated by some degree of ductile extrusion.
Vachon, Mélissa. "Analyse dendroécologique de l'activité du caribou migrateur (Rangifer tarandus) à proximité des réservoirs hydroélectriques du Complexe La Grande, Baie James, Québec subarctique." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26644/26644.pdf.
Full textRodriguez, Cuevas Clemente. "Modélisation numérique des courants océaniques. Application à la région du Golfe du Mexique." Aix-Marseille 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX30039.
Full textWe introduce a parallel numerical code for solving 3D Navier-Stokes equations, in the case of an incompressible flow with free surface, and under the hydrostatic pressure assumption. A semi-implicit finite difference method has been used. The method is (mainly) of secondorder accurate in space. The code was validated by comparing numerical results with experimental measurements carried out for recirculating shallow-water flow in the wake of conical islands models with gently sloping sides. Thereafter, the code was adapted to the study of oceanic circulation in the Gulf of Mexico and more particularly to the phenomenology study of the Loop Current stability. The effect of physical parameters was firstly investigated using a reduced gravity model (two-dimensional). Then, the effect of density stratification was shown by using a 3D Navier-Stokes model with free surface. The present code is operational, of simple use, and requires a low running cost
Lacroix, Claire. "Chronologie holocène des feux de forêt et dynamique éolienne pour le secteur de Radisson, Québec nordique." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28606/28606.pdf.
Full textThibault, Simon. "Dynamique récente des tourbières ombrotrophes pergélisolées à leur limite nordique de répartition." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23653/23653.pdf.
Full textBeaulieu, Olivier. "Géologie du Quaternaire et géomorphologie de la région de la rivière Biscarat, côte Est de la baie d'Hudson, Québec nordique." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25696/25696.pdf.
Full textBrodeur, Serge 1961. "Domaines vitaux et déplacements migratoires d'Aigles royaux nichant dans la région de la baie d'Hudson au Québec." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=55438.
Full textIn June and August 1992, six golden eagles, of which 5 adults (4$ rm sp{o}$ + 1 sex unknown), were caught and fixed with transmitters in order to follow their movements over one year.
The golden eagles fed on various animal species, i.e. 8 mammals, 15 birds and one fish, during the breeding season, however Canada geese (Branta canadensis) were the main item in their diet.
Four of the adult eagles undertook their fall migration in October 1992. The other adult eagle died of an unknown cause while the fate of the nestling could not be determined. All the migratory birds moved south to the United States, but they used different migration routes. The four golden eagles reached their wintering grounds in November and December, 1992.
After a three to four month stay in the wintering area, three eagles undertook their spring migration in March 1993. When returning to the breeding area, two of the eagles followed the same migration routes used in fall, while the third one flew off course to the west into Ontario. The first two birds reached their former territories in March and April while the third eagle only arrived in mid-May 1993.
Blaquière, Alyson. "Représentations et appartenance identitaire parmi les Acadiens de la Baie-des-Chaleurs, 1763-1867." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67374.
Full textMagnan, Gabriel. "Fréquence passée des feux et successions végétales dans les tourbières ombrotrophes près de Radisson, Québec nordique." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26080/26080.pdf.
Full textHeude, Jacques. "Les tremblements de terre dans la baie de San Francisco : perception, prévention et gestion du risque sismique : une étude géographique." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010695.
Full textAmelung, Falk. "Cinématique des petits séismes et tectonique active et topographie dans la région de la baie de San Francisco." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996STR13083.
Full textPedneault, Estelle. "Distribution, expression et diversité de l'ammonium monooxygénase (AMOA) des Archaea dans les eaux du Nord." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26729/26729.pdf.
Full textLajeunesse, Patrick. "Géomorphologie et géologie du quaternaire de la région de la rivière Nastapoka, côte est de la baie d'Hudson, Québec." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ56840.pdf.
Full textMarchildon, Cynthia. "Évolution spatio-temporelle des palses et des lithalses de la région des rivières Sheldrake et Nastapoka, côte Est de la Baie d'Hudson, Nunavik." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24821/24821.pdf.
Full textValéry, Loïc. "Approche systémique de l'impact d'une espèce invasive : le cas d'une espèce indigène dans un milieu en voie d'eutrophisation." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MNHN0019.
Full textThis PhD dissertation, devoted to evaluate the impact of an invasive species on ecosystem functioning, presents two originalities: first, the choice of an indigenous species as biological model. This a priori paradoxical option allows us to further investigate the concept of biological invasion, and propose to include native and exotic species within the definition of invasive species. Second, a systemic approach. Based on an interdisciplinary approach, this research took into account simultaneously the three components of effects caused by invasive species described in the conceptual framework of Crooks (2002). This study, which deals with the invasion of salt marshes of the Mont-Saint-Michel Bay by the sea couch grass Elymus athericus Link, demonstrates that a single invasive species can significantly alter three fundamental functions of an ecosystem
Roy, Nicolas. "Migrations, cohabitations et visions du développement régional dans la Baie-des-Chaleurs : Étude des représentations sociales chez les jeunes adultes natifs, nouvellement arrivés ou de retour." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/34543.
Full textFor several decades, the Eastern Quebec regions have been experiencing accelerated population aging and depopulation through youth migration to Quebec’s major metropolitan centers (Mathews 1996, Morin, 2013). However, since 2002, the MRC of Avignon and Bonaventure on the Gaspé Coast have experienced a reduction in their annual population deficit, culminating for the 2008-2012 period by migratory gains and population growth (ISQ, 2016). In the wake of work on the development of the regions of Quebec (Jean, 1997, Polèse, 2009, Proulx, 2011), this memoir takes an original look at new trends in the occupation of a "rural", "peripheral" and "resource" territory. This master thesis presents a study of social representations (Abric, 2001) of migration, integration and regional development among young natives of Avignon and Bonaventure who have remained in their home environment, among others who have returned from migration and newcomers from metropolitan areas. The results of the analysis suggests that the metropolitan experience (Simmel, 2013) and the sharing of the social memory (Halbwachs, 1970) of the place are decisive in the construction of representations. The representations that emerge from the migrants' discourse are those of an environment enriched by urbanity distinct from that of the cities, of an integration confronted with the mutual acquaintance of the host community and of a worried optimism of development, prompted by projects in the primary sector that deteriorate the idealized territory of their migration project. Their representations of life in the two MRC’s were compared to those of a native youth group for whom this space is judged to be declining and dependent on a natural resource economy. This study highlights the cohabitation of groups that now share the same space without necessarily meeting and sharing the same aspirations for its future. This phenomenon contributes to the increase of a social mix in the environment and to a "metropolisation" of this regional subassembly.
Leguerrier, Delphine. "Construction et étude d'un modèle de réseau trophique de la vasière de Brouage (Bassin de Marennes-Oléron, France) : prise en compte de la saisonnalité et des échanges physiques pour la synthèse constructive des connaissances sur une zone intertidale d'une région tempérée." La Rochelle, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LAROS220.
Full textSedrati, Mouncef. "Morphodynamique transversale et longitudinale de plages à barres intertidales en domaine macrotidal et en conditions de forte agitation : Baie de Wissant, nord de la France." Littoral, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006DUNK0169.
Full textSeveral field experiments combining hydrodynamis, topographic, and sediment transport measurements were carried out between 2004 and 2006 on various bar-trough beaches in Wissant Bay, Northern France, with the aim of better understanding the morphodynamics of these systems in a macrotidal setting subject to high-energy longshore flows, and exhibiting erosion and accretion sectors within an overall bay sediment circulation cell. A one-year survey of beach profiles was also carried out on a monthly basis in 2004 and the results analysed in the light of offshore wave data covering the same period. The hydrodynamic data from the short-term field experiments ( < 3 weeks) concerned wave parameters as well as mean longshore and cross-shore currents, and were analysed together with wind data. Under storm conditions, unidirectional flows are either to the NE or to the SW, depending on wind direction. The topographic data highlight various elements of bar distribution, size and movement across the profile, as well as contrasts between the eroding and accreting sectors of the bay. The monthly surveys highlight bar formation and destruction, and cross-shore bar mobility, but these processes were not detected by the short-term field experiments, except for swash bar development on the upper beach during calm conditions. Several experiments werre characterised by high-energy conditions that highlighted the dominant role of longshore currents, which attained peak velocities commonly exceeding 2 m s-1. Longshore bar mobility, as well as longshore migration of intertidal drainage channels and mesoscale bedforms, were the key features highlighted by these short-term surveys. These longshore sediment and bedform movements imparted significant morphological fluctuations captured by the beach profiles, and which may sometimes be mistaken for changes induced by cross-shore processes. These strong longshore flows tend to mitigate cross-shore processes, even when significant wave heights on the beach attain 1. 5 m, but also generate marked longshore sediment budget disequilibrium involved in the chronic erosion of the southwestern sector of the bay, which releases sand for accretion in the northeast
Bernatchez, Pascal. "Géomorphologie et environnements quaternaires du Bassin de la rivière aux Anglais, région de Baie-Comeau étude de la formation de dépôts coquilliers." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq26538.pdf.
Full textMarceau, Danielle. "Apport de l'analyse texturale à la classification automatisée d'un environnement côtier de région tempérée à baie des Chaleurs, Québec, d'après des données SPOT." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/11458.
Full textMorvan, Catherine. "Cycle de reproduction et fécondité de deux espèces de bivalves dans le golfe normano-breton." Brest, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987BRES2043.
Full textDupont, Claire, and Claire Dupont. "Maladies cardiovasculaires chez les populations autochtones des régions arctiques et impact de la contamination environnementale au mercure sur le niveau de sévérité de l'athérosclérose subclinique chez les Cris de la région Eeyou Istchee et les Inuit du Nunavik, au Québec." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26388.
Full textLes différents aspects de ce travail s’articulent autour de la question des maladies cardiovasculaires chez les populations autochtones des régions arctiques, de leur réalité aux causes sous-jacentes relatives à leur existence. Dans un premier temps, nous avons conduit une revue systématique de la littérature afin d’établir l’état des connaissances disponibles et publiées dans la littérature concernant la mortalité par maladies cardiovasculaires (MCV) des populations autochtones des régions arctiques. Les données ainsi recueillies se sont avérées limitées et parfois difficiles à interpréter mais les quelques études retrouvées sur le sujet nous ont permis de poser les bases de notre propos. Ainsi, en dépit des idées reçues, plusieurs pistes intéressantes sous-tendent une existence non négligeable, à la fois passée et présente, des MCV chez ces populations. En effet, les maladies ischémiques pourraient avoir été moins fréquentes dans le passé qu’elles ne le sont aujourd’hui. Les AVC d’origine hémorragique pourraient être à l’origine de la surmortalité par maladies cérébrovasculaires retrouvée chez ses populations en général. Suite à cette première recherche, nous avons tout de même relevé un certain nombre de défis concernant la validité discutable des données de mortalité. Dans un second temps, nous avons donc tenté d’illustrer cet enjeu à l’aide des données de mortalité disponibles pour le Nunavik (région arctique du Québec majoritairement composée d’Inuit). Afin d’en évaluer la validité, nous avons comparé les causes de décès par maladies de l’appareil circulatoire déclarées dans le registre des décès de l’Institut de Statistiques du Québec (ISQ) à celles que l’on pouvait déduire des dossiers médicaux recueillis auprès des centres de santé de la région. Nous avons ainsi pu constater une certaine disparité dans l’identification des causes dans notre analyse par rapport aux déclarations faites dans le registre de décès. De plus, nous avons constaté que quelques erreurs dans le classement pouvaient avoir des conséquences majeures sur les estimations des taux de mortalité standardisés. En effet, en raison du faible effectif de la population en question, la standardisation comporterait de nombreuses limites statistiques. Dans un dernier temps, nous nous sommes placés à un niveau préliminaire de développement des MCV en nous concentrant sur le phénomène d’athérosclérose subclinique chez deux populations autochtones de la région nordique du Québec (les Cris et les Inuit). Des évidences sur le rôle du mercure, sous sa forme méthylmercure, en tant qu’agent oxydant, nous ont permis d’envisager son action potentielle dans les processus d’oxydation reliés à l’athérosclérose. Chez les Inuit, nous avons observé une association significative entre le mercure sanguin et le niveau de sévérité de l’athérosclérose subclinique, davantage marquée chez les individus ne présentant pas d’antécédents de MCV. Chez les Cris (trois fois moins exposés que les Inuit), aucune association significative avec le mercure a été retrouvée.
Lavoie, Richard. "La chasse à la sauvagine au-delà du plomb et du sang." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0019/MQ49035.pdf.
Full textMaraud, Simon. "Mobilisation de la Nature en territoires autochtones : comparaison entre le Sapmi (Suède) et Eeyou Istchee (Canada)." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/40189.
Full textLe Sápmi (territoire traditionnel des Samis) et Eeyou Istchee (territoire traditionnel des Cris ou Eenouch) sont depuis plusieurs décennies des espaces de contestations qui se confrontent à la définition hégémonique de la Nature et des pratiques légitimes de l'environnement, imposée par les colonisations québécoise (et canadienne) et suédoise. À la fin du XXe et au début du XXIe siècles, ces deux Nords sont devenus des espaces-laboratoires d'intégration des Autochtones dans la gouvernance de leurs territoires. Progressivement, la protection de la Nature a permis la création d'arènes nouvelles au sein desquelles semblent s'opérer des reconfigurations des structures de pouvoir, laissant alors plus de place aux valeurs et aux territorialités samies et cries. Ce travail analyse la réappropriation de la gestion des aires protégées afin d'en comprendre les enjeux camouflés. Deux territoires sont au cœur de la thèse: le Site du patrimoine mondial de l'UNESCO de Laponia et le Parc national du Québec d'Assinica (en cours de création). Le contexte de développement dans lequel s'insèrent ces deux processus en complexifie grandement la problématique. Ces deux études de cas conduisent à questionner cette accession à des structures de gestion des ressources naturelles - dont les Autochtones étaient jusqu'alors exclus - et à réfléchir aux possibles nouvelles formes de fonctionnement qui en émergent. L'objectif de ce travail est de comprendre les rapports de dominations qui prennent place dans la décolonisation de ces espaces de protection de la Nature chez les Samis et chez les Cris et leurs influences sur les éventuelles transformations structurelles qui en éclosent.
The Sápmi (traditional territory of the Sami of Sweden) and Eeyou Istchee (traditional territory of the Cree or Eenouch of north-eastern Canada) have been contested territories for several decades in the face of an hegemonic definition of "Nature" and its legitimized practices imposed by the Quebec (and Canadian) and Swedish states. In the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries, these two "Norths" became open laboratories for the integration of Aboriginal peoples in the governance of their territories. The thesis argues that protection of Nature has allowed the creation of new arenas in which reconfigurations of power structures might take place, thus leaving more room for Sami and Cree values and territorialities. This thesis analyzes the reappropriation of the management of protected areas in these territories in order to understand the stakes and the compromises involved. Two case studies are at the heart of this research: the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Laponia (Sweden) and the Quebec National Park of Assinica (under creation). The context of development in which the involvement of indigenous peoples in protected areas management takes place greatly complicates the process. The two case studies allow us to investigate the accession to natural resource management structures - from which the indigenous groups were previously excluded - and to reflect on the possible new forms of governance that are emerging from this accession. It is a question of understanding the relations of dominations which take place in the decolonization of these spaces of protection of Nature, and their influences on the possible structural transformations which emerge.
Desguée, Romain. "Etude des processus hydro-sédimentaires et évolutions morphodynamiques autour du Mont-Saint-Michel." Caen, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008CAEN2073.
Full textSubject to constant accretion exacerbated by numerous human installations, the bay of Mont-Saint-Michel, well known for its exceptional tides and famous monastery, is presently largely clogged with sediment. This evolution endangers the insularity of its monument. Salt marshes are inexorably encroaching on Mont-Saint-Michel itself, depriving it a little more each day of direct marine influence. A project aimed at reinstating of the maritime character of Mont-Saint-Michel was thus launched in order to stop the infilling processes, and the present study is committed to this project. A new inventory of marsh colonization and monitoring of the topography of the tidal flats were carried out. A high-resolution study of salt marsh evolution over the last few decades yielded new results on the dynamics of the marsh platform. The study shows that the evolution of the salt marsh surface is not linear in time. Thus, a multi-annual study of the topographic evolution of the area and on waves was conducted. This approach should provide a link between the sedimentary evolution observed over the long term and the processes responsible for accretion during the successive tides. The approach was implemented through a total of twenty field measurement campaigns. The results show the predominant role of waves and local winds on sediment transport on the upper part of the mudflats around Mont-Saint-Michel
Tran, Van Truong. "Conséquences environnementales de l'urbanisation et de l'industrialisation en baie d'Ha Long, Vietnam." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulouse 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU20076.
Full textSince the adoption of Doimoi policy in 1986, Vietnam has experienced a fast economic development, leading to rapid land transformations in the whole regions of the country. Land change aspects of urban areas have not been given adequate attention although Vietnam ranked top of urban population growth and urban spatial expansion in East Asia during the period 2000-2010. This study aims to analyze the landscape dynamics and the environmental consequences of industrial development and urbanization in the Ha Long bay area, Vietnam northeast coast. The principal objectives of the research are: 1) to analyze the trends of urbanization and industrial development, as well as identify the relation between then in the regional context; 2) to quantify the evolution of the landscape in the 40-year period (1973-2013) by using the remote sensing data; 3) to develop a holistic approach to explain the driving forces of the landscape change; 4) to analyze the environmental consequences of landscape change. As result, we have developed an integrated method based on the combination of landscape change data and social survey data using multivariate analysis. This approach is open and can be employed for different variables at various scales of research
Pierrejean, Marie. "Répercussions actuelles et futures du changement climatique sur les communautés benthiques dans l'Arctique Canadien." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67756.
Full textThe Arctic Ocean is emerging as one of the regions that is most affected by climate change. A significant increase in precipitation and sea surface water temperatures are expected and will undeniably lead to a significant loss of sea ice cover. Because of their effects on physicochemical parameters, these changes are expected to directly impact the surface primary producers (sea ice algae and phytoplankton), thereby limiting organic matter input towards the seafloor. It is thus commonly accepted that climate change will affect the distribution, diversity and abundance of benthic communities, due to its impact on environmental parameters (pelagic-benthic coupling and physicochemical parameters), and on ecosystem services and functions (e.g., benthic remineralization). As a consequence, the decrease in sea ice cover, the desalination of the surface layer or the increase in shipping traffic in the Hudson Bay Complex and in the eastern Canadian Arctic will likely lead to major changes in benthic community structure and biogenic structural habitats. In this context and since the impacts of climate change on benthic arctic ecosystems were still poorly understood, the objectives of this thesis were to i) describe the diversity and distribution of epibenthic communities in the Hudson Bay Complex and ii) understand the effects of climate change on biodiversity and benthic ecosystem functioning. The outcomes of this thesis allowed us to i) provide the most recent survey on epibenthic organisms in the Hudson Bay Complex and their relationships with environmental variables; ii) identify diversity hotspots sensitive to climate change; and iii) document and compare benthic biodiversity and fluxes within biogenic structures and adjacent bare sediments in the Canadian Arctic. A total of 380 taxa have been identified from 46 stations sampled across the Hudson Bay Complex. Despite the relatively low spatial coverage of our sampling, we estimated that our survey represented 71% of the taxa present in the Hudson Bay Complex. We showed that biomass, abundance, diversity and spatial distribution of epibenthic communities were strongly influenced by substrate, salinity, food supply and sea ice cover. We also showed that freshwater inputs were responsible for the lowest biomass, abundance and diversity observed along the coasts. In contrast, data collected from polynyas, further offshore, showed strong pelagic-benthic coupling resulting in high productivity in terms of biomass, abundance and diversity. Moreover, hierarchical modelling of species communities highlighted the influence of sea ice and indirectly of sea ice algae on the epibenthic communities occupying the central Hudson Bay. Projections of the structure of epibenthic communities under a RCP4.5 climate scenario revealed that the central Hudson Bay emerges as the most vulnerable area to climate change with a future diversity loss related to the decrease of sea ice. On the contrary, it would appear that coastal areas will serve as refuges and increase the diversity. In addition, our study showed that the presence of biogenic structures in deep habitats improved the trapping of organic matter, leading to a higher density of infauna in these environments compared to bare sediments. Their presence has also been found to enhance sediment nutrient release in the form of nitrates and ammonium. However, our study could not demonstrate these effects in a shallower sponge habitat. By providing new knowledge on the current and future distribution of epibenthic communities in the Hudson Bay Complex and the benthic ecosystem functioning in habitats with biogenic structures, results obtained during this thesis will contribute to the designation of Ecologically and Biologically Significant Areas, as well as to the establishment of Marine Protected Areas and conservation strategies in the Arctic Ocean.
Tran, Van Truong. "Conséquences environnementales de l'urbanisation et de l'industrialisation en baie d'Ha Long, Vietnam." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU20076/document.
Full textSince the adoption of Doimoi policy in 1986, Vietnam has experienced a fast economic development, leading to rapid land transformations in the whole regions of the country. Land change aspects of urban areas have not been given adequate attention although Vietnam ranked top of urban population growth and urban spatial expansion in East Asia during the period 2000-2010. This study aims to analyze the landscape dynamics and the environmental consequences of industrial development and urbanization in the Ha Long bay area, Vietnam northeast coast. The principal objectives of the research are: 1) to analyze the trends of urbanization and industrial development, as well as identify the relation between then in the regional context; 2) to quantify the evolution of the landscape in the 40-year period (1973-2013) by using the remote sensing data; 3) to develop a holistic approach to explain the driving forces of the landscape change; 4) to analyze the environmental consequences of landscape change. As result, we have developed an integrated method based on the combination of landscape change data and social survey data using multivariate analysis. This approach is open and can be employed for different variables at various scales of research
Goiran, Jean-Philippe. "Recherches géomorphologiques dans la région littorale d'Alexandrie en Egypte." Aix-Marseille 1, 2001. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00326333.
Full textSarry, Jean-Emmanuel. "Etude biochimique & moléculaire de β-D-Glucoside hydrolases de la baie de raisin (Vitis vinifera L. )." Montpellier 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MON20059.
Full textRouidi, Sonia. "Évaluation de la contamination par les hydrocarbures des sédiments superficiels (fluviaux et marins) de la région de Skikda (nord-est algérien). Analyses statistiques." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM4321.
Full textThe present study treats with the contamination by hydrocarbons, with superficial sediments of various stations repartee on two sites : the bay of Skikda (situated in the Mediterranean Sea) and the Saf-Saf oued (in its part downstream) with flows into this bay.This contamiation was studied by point of view geographical distribution, origin and nature of hydrocarbons extracts. The contents in found hydrocarbons are slightly more raised in the Saf-Saf oued (278 mg.kg-1sed. dry), that in the site sea (200 mg.kg-1 sed. dry). Compared with other studies made in the Mediterranean Sea, our results testify of an average level of contamination. The identification of the main origins of hydrocarbons presents in sediments of both sites, was made by using several indications relative to hydrocarbons saturated and in aromatic polycyclic hydrocarbons. The values of these indications allowd to highlight several origins for hydrocarbons as well in the Saf-Saf oued, as in Skikda bay (originate biogenic natural terristerial and/or marine, originate natural or oil pyrolytic and oil origins). A statistical study made the object of a second part of this work, by means of series of analysisesand of one-various tests (ANOVA, Tukey and Dunnett applied to periods, then to the stations for each of 5 characteristics), two-various (study of the correlations) and several-various (MANOVA, ACP and hierarchical analysis). These tests were applied to the data of both sites of studies and allowed to confirm the results obtained in the first part of the work
Gagné, Pierre-Olivier. "Le koinon ionien : étude sur l'unité d'une région." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25207.
Full textChemrouk, Ouassim. "La baie d’Alger, une entité paysagère unique entre enjeux politiques, économiques et aménagement." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL062.
Full textSummary With its amphitheater configuration that opens to the sea and its location in the center of the southern shore of the Mediterranean, the bay of Algiers seems to have been predestined to expose and represent the image of the city. Thus, all the interventions on the image of the city seem to have had as a corollary, the transformation of its bay. It is then, without any surprise, that Algiers' new strategic development plan was articulated around a "pearl necklace" around the bay. The latter was to be adorned with iconic and structuring projects that would strengthen the attractiveness of the city among the Mediterranean cities. Considering the introduction of these new projects as an opportunity for a deep investigation of the city’s development, this doctoral research begins by demonstrating that there is a tradition for large projects in Algiers. However, for various reasons, these projects are generally only partially realized and the city seems to evolve in a quite spontaneous manner and in response to day-to-day needs and circumstances. Based on three emblematic projects in progress - The relocation of the port and the waterfront's development, the great promenade of the Bay and that of the great mosque of Algiers, Jamā El Jazā'ir- the research shows that this tradition continues despite environmental and societal constraints. In conclusion, this research shows that behind ideological ambitions, there is now, in Algiers, a real willingness to enhance cultural and natural heritage potential
Odouze, Jean-Louis. "Vie et mort du pagus d' Escuens : la région de Lons-le-saunier (Jura) au cours du premier millénaire." Besançon, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BESAA002.
Full textSvengsuksa, Boua Khay Khone. "Reconstitution du couvert végétal et la revalorisation des terrains après la culture sur brûlis dans le district de Muang Fuang, province de Vientiane, R. D. P. Lao." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MNHN0001.
Full textAn analysis has been conducted of the crucial problem of shifting slash-and-burn cultivation in the Muang Fuang District of Laos, Vientiane Province. Studies were made on the peoples now living in the district, composed of Lao, Khmou, Hmong and Yao, who immigrated from nearby areas of persistent insecurity where they previously practiced this system of cultivation. The work focused on the traditional farming practices used by these groups, and on the permanent cultivation techniques now being used (flooded rice fields, and plantations of various crops for local use or for sale in markets and for export) with government encouragement in its effort progressively to replace shifting slash-and-burn agriculture with permanent settlement. An analysis of the impact of these agricultural practices on the vegetation, which was originally a rich, dense semi-evergreen tropical forest, shows that forest regenerates after about ten years, with a trend toward a climax forest type corresponding to the ecological conditions of the region. In order to improve the economy of the region, several possibilities were examined for improving land after shifting slash-and-burn agriculture: establishment of perennial cultivation, irrigated and flooded rice production, and natural resources exploitation, especially of non-timber forest products. This array of products can now be brought to market and exported via new roads built in the district. This has resulted in a new way of life for the inhabitants of the study area, who have become sedentary and are now respecting the environment by progressively abandoning shifting slash-and-burn agriculture
Nadon, Pierre. "La Baie du Grand Pabos : une seigneurie gaspésienne en Nouvelle-France au 18 XVIIIe (sic) siècle." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/24479.
Full textVanderstocken, Alexis. "Fondements théoriques et conditions d’efficacité de la politique scientifique et technologique régionaleale. Une approche par l'évaluation appliquée en région Aquitaine : une approche par l’évaluation appliquée en Région Aquitaine." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0102/document.
Full textIn the context of setting up clusters and the latest laws on decentralization (2004 and 2013), the regions saw their skills for economic development and innovation increased. That’s why they are more involved in the conduct of science and technology policies. Thus, this study aims to examine the effectiveness of science and technology policies (S&T) at the regional level. Indeed, the legitimacy of this level in the S&T policy could be challenged since the production of technology tend to be more and more globalized. Moreover, this regional legitimacy can be approached from the perspective of regional innovation systems (RIS), which constitute a theoretical framework suitable for the treatment of this issue. Considering the importance of regional level, especially in economic and technological policies, SRI is a framework which aims to analyze the links between science, industry and local governance. Faced to these challenges, the Aquitaine Region asks itself questions. Indeed, it has increased its S&T budget since the last ten years and today is the French region with the highest S&T budget per capita. Now the Aquitaine Region wants to know how effective its S&T policy is. Is this effort in terms of S&T necessary or justified? What is the consistency of regional policy over time? What is the result of such a policy a socio-economic point of view? These issues will be studied using of evaluation’s tools. Furthermore, we offer to synthetize the objectives of S&T and the means used by the Region and we develop a comparative approach to other regional experiences on differents dimensions of innovation
Furgerot, Lucille. "Propriétés hydrodynamiques du mascaret et de son influence sur la dynamique sédimentaire : Une approche couplée en canal et in situ (estuaire de la Sée, Baie du Mont Saint Michel)." Phd thesis, Université de Caen, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01061118.
Full textCampanac, Emilie. "Plasticité intrinsèque des neurones de la région CA1 de l'hippocampe de rat." Aix-Marseille 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AIX20656.
Full textIn parallel to synaptic activity, neuronal activity induces modifications in intrinsic excitability (IE) of neurons and so properties of integration. In CA1 hippocampal pyramidal neurons, changes in synaptic transmission and integration follow the same common learning rule. One of the mechanisms accountable to this plasticity of integration involves voltage-gated ions channels. We have demonstrated the role of the Ih current in the potentiation of integration associated to LTP. An increase in IE is also observed in some GABAergic interneurons after HFS, allowing the maintenance of the excitation/inhibition balance. Our results show that in addition to modification of synaptic efficacy, changes of the neurons IE participate to long-lasting storage processes and probably maintain neuronal activity in a physiological range
Harvey, Lisa-Marie. "Les réseaux de solidarité des personnes âgées en milieu rural gaspésien." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28104.
Full textBernage, Fabienne. "Virus de l'hépatite D : Etude séro-épidémiologique du virus Delta dans un hôpital de la région parisienne." Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05P025.
Full textSimard, Suzanne. "Qualités psychométriques du CES-D auprès d'une population de personnes âgées francophones de la région de Québec." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/mq25735.pdf.
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