Relevant bibliographies by topics / Regional language of Cracow

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
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Academic literature on the topic 'Regional language of Cracow'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 24 April 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Regional language of Cracow"

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Dunaj, Bogusław. "Badania polszczyzny krakowskiej – przeszłość i teraźniejszość." LingVaria 14, no. 27 (May 31, 2019): 35–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/lv.14.2019.27.02.

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The Past and the Present of Research into Cracow PolishThe paper presents the history of research into the urban spoken Polish of Cracow. Its most intensive period fell between 1976 and 1991. The research project was initiated by Professor M. Karaś. After his untimely death in 1977, the work was directed by Professor B. Dunaj. It was twin-track; both collective and individual studies were carried out. Under the supervision of B. Dunaj, five doctoral theses have been written; in total, nine books have been published: four collective and five individual ones. Some collective works have not been published, i.a. Słownik frekwencyjny nieoficjalnej odmiany polszczyzny mówionej (‘A frequency dictionary of an unofficial variety of spoken Polish’). Also other projects grew out of the research into the language spoken in Cracow, e.g. Słownik współczesnego języka polskiego (1996; ‘A dictionary of contemporary Polish’). In the first decade of the 21st century, B. Dunaj and M. Mycawka conducted research into regional vocabulary, focusing primarily on theoretical problems. Under the supervision of B. Dunaj, 28 unpublished monographies have been prepared on the subject of regional words in the speech of inhabitants of selected towns (mainly in Lesser Poland). In 2018, the dictionary Powiedziane po krakowsku. Słownik regionalizmów krakowskich (‘Said like in Cracow. A dictionary of Cracow regional words’, ed. by D. Ochmann and R. Przybylska) has been published, growing out of and referring to previous research. The present paper presents the controversial methodological problems related to research into regional vocabulary.
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Rutz, Marion. "(Noch) Identitätslos." Zeitschrift für Slawistik 64, no. 4 (October 30, 2019): 520–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/slaw-2019-0030.

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Summary The full-time jurist and gifted Neo-Latin poet Petrus Royzius, born in Spain, came to Cracow in 1541/1542 to teach Roman law at the university. He left for Vilnius in 1551 and died in the Lithuanian capital in 1571. Several scholars have collected observations about Lithuania and the Lithuanians that are scattered over Royzius’s more than one thousand verse texts. This article goes further in closely analysing and interpreting well-known texts, such as the macaronic poem about travelling through the Lithuanian province (In Lituanicam peregrinationem). It also adds new material that has not yet been considered from this point of view, such as Royzius’s poems in favour of the Union of Lublin in 1569. I further analyse the contextual meaning of the terms Sarmatia/n and Lithuania/n. Although the latter is often replaced or subsumed by the superordinate terms Sarmatia/n or Poland/Polish, it occurs frequently in the corpus of Royzius’s writing. However, Royzius’s texts feature little information about a specific Lithuanian historical or cultural identity. Likewise, there is hardly any information about smaller entities such as Samogitia or Russia (Ruthenia). Unlike his contemporary Augustinus Rotundus or later poets like Ioannes Radvanus, Royzius still belongs to a ‘pre-Lublin’ cultural paradigm in which literary representations of regional, non-Polish identity were of little significance.
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Wojewoda, Władysław. "Macromycetes of the Ojców National Park. I." Acta Mycologica 10, no. 2 (November 21, 2014): 181–265. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/am.1974.007.

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A floristic-ecological manograph of the macromycetes of the Ojców National Park (South Poland, Cracow-Wieluń Upland - Cracow Jurassic Region) is made. In this first part regional features of the investigated area and a list of 715 macromycetes are given. Some species are new to Poland, and 273 species are new to Cracow-Wieluń Upland.
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Laidler, Gita J., and Pootoogoo Elee. "Human geographies of sea ice: freeze/thaw processes around Cape Dorset, Nunavut, Canada." Polar Record 44, no. 1 (January 2008): 51–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247407007061.

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ABSTRACTSea ice has been, and continues to be, an integral component of life in the Inuit community of Cape Dorset, Nunavut. Located on an island of the same name off the southwestern coast of Baffin Island, the strong Hudson Strait currents prevent extensive ice formation around the community. Nevertheless, sea ice remains an important travel and hunting platform, enabling access to Baffin Island, hunting and fishing grounds, and nearby communities. With the combined importance, dynamism, and continuous use of this frozen ocean environment, local Inuit elders and hunters have developed a detailed and nuanced understanding of sea ice conditions, freeze/thaw processes, and the influences of winds and currents on ice conditions. Working collaboratively with the community of Cape Dorset since October, 2003, we present the results of 30 semi-directed interviews, 5 sea ice trips, and 2 focus groups to provide a baseline understanding of local freezing processes (near-shore, open water, sea ice thickening, landfast ice, floe edge, and tidal cracks), melting processes (snow melt, water accumulation and drainage, break-up, and cracks/leads), wind influences on sea ice (wind direction and strength affecting sea ice formation, and movement), and current influences on sea ice (tidal variations and current strength affecting sea ice formation, movement, and polynya size/location). Strong emphasis is placed on Inuktitut terminology and spatial delineations of localised ice conditions and features. Therefore, this paper provides insights into local scale ice conditions and dynamics around Cape Dorset that are not captured in regional scale studies of Hudson Bay and/or Hudson Strait. Results have the potential to inform future research efforts on local/regional sea ice monitoring, the relationship between Inuit knowledge, language, and the environment, and addressing community interests through targeted studies.
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Ochmann, Donata. "Fałszywe regionalizmy – leksyka regionalna na nowo odczytana." LingVaria 13, no. 26 (November 16, 2018): 171–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/lv.13.2018.26.12.

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False Regionalisms: Regional Vocabulary Read AnewNew electronic tools open new possibilities for research of regional vocabulary; they allow both to reach poorly attested units, and to verify dictionary data on the regional character of various lexemes. The paper is an attempt to problematize observations which have been made during the development of a dictionary of Cracow regionalisms. It discusses those lexical units which are listed in works devoted to regionalisms as associated with Cracow and which in reality do not have such status, as could be shown thanks, among others, to a new material verification. Using several examples, the paper presents cases of false interpretation of the regional status of lexemes: attribution of the wrong meaning or the wrong range of occurrence, and in consequence, consolidation and replication of a faulty image of these units. The analysis is set against the background of a new sociocultural view on the essence of regionalism, seen here as a factor which shapes the local identity, which view, according to this author, should not relieve of the care for scientific reliability or be based in fiction.
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Pachalska, M., B. L. J. Kaczmarek, and H. Knapik. "Cracow Neurolinguistic battery of aphasia examination." Aphasiology 9, no. 2 (March 1995): 193–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02687039508248706.

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Kasinec, Edward, Szczepan K. Zimmer, Ludwik Krzyzanowski, and Irene Nagurski. "The Beginning of Cyrillic Printing, Cracow, 1491." Slavic and East European Journal 30, no. 1 (1986): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/307300.

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Budrewicz, Zofia. "Siostrzane losy." Z Teorii i Praktyki Dydaktycznej Języka Polskiego 28 (December 29, 2019): 185–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.31261/tpdjp.2019.28.15.

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The author presents the common beginnings and 60 years of cooperation between the Chair of Linguistic Didactics and Polish Literature at the Higher School of Pedagogy in Katowice (and later at the University of Silesia) and the Chair of Polish Literature and Language Didactics at the Higher School of Pedagogy in Cracow (currently at the Pedagogical University in Cracow). Using the “family” metaphor (the sister departments), the author describes the relationships between the two units and the joint activities and the researchers who inspire these activities.
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Batko-Tokarz, Barbara. "The need of research on the language of protest in Poland during the period of communism — government-independent press in Cracow." Oblicza Komunikacji 12 (June 24, 2021): 123–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/2083-5345.12.8.

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In the 1980s illegal press played a very important role in the fight for political changes in Poland and was also one of the most important tools against official government language. This press was a part of a bigger picture of the language self-defence in totalitarian political system. Professor I. Kamińska-Szmaj from University in Wroclaw characterised this phenomenon very adequately in her books. Cracow — according to the newest historical research — was the second largest independent press movement center in Poland. In Cracow between 1976–1990 there were a few hundred different kinds of independent press circulations, therefore it is a priceless source for language and press research. This article is describing a variety of possibilities and perspectives in this very interesting linguistic research field, which is still very little known and rarely described.a
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Laidler, Gita J., and Theo Ikummaq. "Human geographies of sea ice: freeze/thaw processes around Igloolik, Nunavut, Canada." Polar Record 44, no. 2 (April 2008): 127–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247407007152.

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ABSTRACTSea ice has been, and continues to be, an integral component of life in the Inuit community of Igloolik, Nunavut. Located on an island of the same name off the northeastern coast of Melville Peninsula, extensive ice formation occurs in Fury and Hecla Strait. This creates an important travel and hunting platform, and enables access to Baffin Island, the mainland, moving ice, hunting and fishing grounds, and nearby communities. With the combined importance, dynamism, and continuous use of this frozen ocean environment, local Inuit elders and hunters have developed a detailed and nuanced understanding of sea ice conditions, freeze/thaw processes, and the influences of winds and currents on ice conditions. Working collaboratively with the community of Igloolik since February 2004, we present the results of 24 semi-directed interviews and 4 sea ice trips to provide a baseline understanding of local freezing processes (near-shore, open water, sea ice thickening, landfast ice, tidal cracks, floe edge, and moving ice), melting processes (snow melt, water accumulation and drainage, and break-up), wind influences on sea ice (wind direction and strength affecting sea ice formation and movement), and, current influences on sea ice (tidal variations and current strength affecting sea ice formation, movement, and polynya size/location). Strong emphasis is placed on Inuktitut terminology and spatial delineations of localised ice conditions and features. Therefore, this paper provides insights into local scale ice conditions and dynamics around Igloolik that are not captured in regional scale studies of Foxe Basin and/or Fury and Hecla Strait. Results have the potential to inform future research efforts on local/regional sea ice monitoring, the relationship between Inuit knowledge, language, and the environment, and addressing community interests through targeted studies.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Regional language of Cracow"

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Giannikas, Cristina Nicole. "Early language learning within a Greek regional context." Thesis, London Metropolitan University, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.595303.

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This study focuses on the teaching processes involved in foreign language learning, concentrating on the question of why Greek young learners are not more successful in learning English, despite an early start and high exposure to the foreign language. Central to my study are student-teacher and student-student interactions within Engli sh language classrooms, including any linguistic, pedagogical, motivational or cultural aspects that infonn these interactions and student learning. The study aims to extend the understanding of bow to implement interactive methods within the specific region and develop learners' English communicative competence in an examination-oriented education system. The first part of my study provides an exploratory research, which has been pursued in both state schools and frodistiria in a specific Greek region. Research methods included: lesson observations, teacher interviews and transcription analysis. The second part of the research introduces an intervention study dimension, which consisted of monitoring and modification to classroom practice, exploring the perspective of shifting teaching and learning, providing potential of a new Young Language Leaming philosophy within the Greek context. This part of the research was achieved in a frodistirio in classes of students aged 7-11 in order to improve current language learning clas ses and use the data for cross-sectional comparative purposes. Data collection included open-ended field notes, video-recorded lessons and speaking tasks were audio recorded. A group of older learners attending English Proficiency classes for the preparation of Certificate of Proficiency Exams (ePE), aged 14-15 years old, based in the frodistirio, were also interviewed on their past experience of English language learning in state schools and frodistiria. The Director of the frodistirio, observed 10 language lessons during the research period. These observations provide feedback on students' reactions to interactive tasks from an external reviewer. Finally, parents were requested to complete a questionnaire at the end of the academic year, regarding their children's progress and their feelings of the new methods introduced. The thesis reveals the complexities and paradoxes embedded in the learning environment of English for Young Learners (EYL) in South Western Greece. The findings include the identification of an effective interactive methodology that might be applied in the specific regional setting as an outcome of my own teaching and research. The research in question, explores the potential that exists both within the educational structure and in Young Language Learning (YLL) in Greece. It introduces interactive language learning and identifies its role within this context. The research can contribute to the enablement of successful language learners in an environment where children learn to appreciate the foreign language and encounter it as means of communication and not for examination purposes only.
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Alvarez, Heidi Lee. "Regional aspects of Miami crime fiction." FIU Digital Commons, 1999. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1263.

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This thesis argues that forces of literary regionalism and postmodern culture are behind the explosion of crime fiction being written in and about South Florida by a growing number of resident authors. Research included four methods of investigation: 1. A critical reading of many of the novels that make up the sub-genre. 2. A study of the theories of regionalism, postmodernism and the genre of the crime fiction. 3. Interviews with a number of the authors and a prominent Miami book seller. 4. Sociological studies of Miami in terms of historical events and their cultural significance. Today's South Florida crime fiction authors cast their narratives in the old genre of the detective novel where characters are delineated according to traditional definitions of good and evil. Evil characters threaten established order. What makes South Florida crime fiction different from traditional detective fiction is its interest in the exotic, postmodern culture and setting of South Florida. Like the region, the villains are exotic and the order that they threaten is postmodern. There is less of an interest in attributing a larger social meaning to the heroes. Rather, there is an ontological interest in the playing out of good against evil in an almost mythical setting that magnifies economic, environmental and racial issues. There is a unique cultural diversity of the city due to the geographical location of Miami in relationship to Latin America and the Caribbean, and the political forces at work in the region. South Florida's subtropical climate, fragile ecosystem, and elements of frontier life in a cosmopolitan city work to support Miami crime fiction. The setting personifies the unpredictability and pastiche of a postmodern world and may call for a new definition for literature that relies on non-traditional regional characteristics.
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Wu, Ying. "Using Regional Dialects through Computer-Mediated Communication in China." Connect to full text in OhioLINK ETD Center, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=toledo1241449616.

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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Toledo, 2009.
Typescript. "Submitted as partial fulfillment of the requirements for The Master of Arts Degree in English with a concentration in English as a Second Language." "A thesis entitled"--at head of title. Bibliography: 94-102.
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Schlaak, Claudia. "Island language policy and regional identity east of Africa." Universität Potsdam, 2013. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2013/6313/.

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Since 2011 the Comorian Island of Mayotte has been France’s 101st département, thereby becoming part of the European Union. As a result, France has consolidated and strengthened its strategic position in the Indian Ocean. With the change of political status in 2011, new developments have occurred in Mayotte. It is still unclear whether the expected economic boom, extensive social benefits or injection of EU regional funds can help to alleviate poverty and raise living standards. There is concern, however, that massive immigration to Mayotte from the surrounding territories is diminishing any progress and will continue to do so. Not only France but also the EU will have to adapt to new immigration problems due to this new external border. In this situation one thing is clear: the language contact between French and the local languages, which is the result of political developments, is leading to new dynamics. The diglossic situation east of Africa, between French as the dominant language and local languages like Shimaoré or Shibushi spoken in Mayotte will become more marked in the next few years.
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Brown, Kara D. "Learning the language international, national and local dimensions of regional-language education in Estonia /." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2006. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3229586.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Education Policy Studies, 2006.
"Title from dissertation home page (viewed July 5, 2007)." Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-08, Section: A, page: 2823. Adviser: Bradley A. U. Levinson.
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Henry, Maya. "Progressive Aphasia: Patterns of Language Behavior and Regional Cortical Atrophy." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/196034.

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Primary Progressive aphasia (PPA) is a disorder characterized by gradual decline in language functions, with relative sparing of other cognitive abilities. This behavioral profile results from neurodegenerative disease that preferentially affects language cortex. As is the case in aphasia resulting from stroke, any of several critical language processing domains may be affected in PPA, including syntax, semantics, phonology, and orthography. In stroke-induced aphasia, traditional lesion mapping approaches have provided important insight into the localization of cortical regions supporting these domains. Specifically, left perisylvian cortex has been implicated in syntactic and phonological aspects of language, whereas left extrasylvian cortical regions are associated with lexical-semantic and orthographic functions. The goal of the present study was to seek converging evidence for the role of left hemisphere cortical regions in language using a voxel-based imaging technique in individuals with PPA. Fifteen individuals with progressive aphasia and fifteen normal controls were given a comprehensive language battery comprising tasks in the domains of syntax, semantics, phonology, and orthography. A subset of patients and all normal controls underwent high-resolution structural MRI scanning. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) was used to characterize patterns of regional cortical atrophy in the patients relative to controls and to correlate language tasks with gray matter volumes. Results confirm a key role for left perisylvian cortex in phonological and syntactic processes, and indicate that left temporal regions are critically involved in semantic processes. Findings shed light on the veracity of the "primary systems" hypothesis of written language, which posits that written language impairments arise from core cognitive deficits affecting semantic and phonological systems.
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Markley, E. Dianne. "Regional Accent Discrimination in Hiring Decisions: A Language Attitude Study." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2000. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2623/.

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Evidence is presented to support the notion that US regional accents influence decisions in the hiring process. Fifty-six people who hire for a variety of corporations participated in a computerized survey, during which they listened to speakers from regions of the US reading the same passage. Respondents judged the speakers on personal characteristics commonly considered in hiring decisions, attempted to identify the speakers' regions, and selected job categories for each speaker, in addition to providing information about their own linguistic security. Results indicate: 1) judgments based on regional accents strongly correlate to selection of job categories, 2) respondents were not able to identify regional accents correctly, and 3) negative judgments were assigned to the speakers of accents that were correctly identified.
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Sampaio, Joanne. "American Perceptions of British Regional Dialects." FIU Digital Commons, 2013. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/959.

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Sociolinguists have discussed problematic language ideologies, such as Standard Language Ideology (Lippi-Green 1997) extensively and social perceptions of Standard English in the U.S and U.K are well documented. However, most work in this area has focused on perceptions of dialects within national contexts. This study makes a novel contribution to the study of language attitudes, investigating perceptions of British regional dialects within the U.S. A survey was created to gauge perceptions of five British regional dialects (Liverpool, Leeds, Birmingham, Newcastle, London). 49 survey participants listened to audio clips of British regional dialect speakers and then completed a mapping activity, answered perception questions, and ranked each speaker on specific qualities. Results showed that speaker region had a significant effect on perception of almost all variables at a statistically significant rate, despite unfamiliarity with all but the London dialect. Results suggest that although participants are largely unfamiliar with varieties of English in England outside of London, they assessed them by recruiting pre-existing stereotypes about vernacular dialects.
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Wilk, Emilie. "Native Speakers' Attitudes toward Regional Varieties of Arabic." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/1048.

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This thesis investigates attitudes toward different regional varieties of Arabic and how native speakers perceive their own dialect vis-à-vis others. Building from previous research in the field, this study specifically seeks to learn which dialects are preferred, which are seen as being nearest to Standard Arabic (fuṣḥā), and whether there is a correlation between masculinity and fuṣḥā. The results of a two-part sociolinguistic questionnaire, distributed to 44 participants, suggest that many native Arabic speakers have overall positive attitudes about their own dialects, though this is often complicated by factors of prestige and gender. When asked directly which dialect they believed to be most similar to fuṣḥā, many participants list Arabian Peninsula varieties, yet when asked more indirectly the majority of participants indicate their own dialect is nearest to fuṣḥā. Finally, the proposed relationship between masculinity and fuṣḥā, suggested but never substantiated by earlier studies, proves to be epiphenomenal here.
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sacleux, patrick. "A Study of Regional Language and Identities in a Small Occitan Village." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2009. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2417.

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This exploratory study utilized qualitative methods to approach regional language abilities of local respondents and how it affects their regional identity. The theoretical framework of this study explored some of the tenets of symbolic interaction emphasizing on identity theory and how the flexible aspect of face-to-face interaction can define the self and someone's regional identity as it relates to their regional language use. Data for this study were collected in a small Occitan village in Southern France. In particular, the study explored the link between an individual residential setting, his/her age and his/her ability to speak the regional language. The results indicate that the ability to speak the specific regional or even sub regional language does not greatly affect an individual's regional identity, thus potentially contributing to the continuing decline of that language in the region. Furthermore, that future studies are merited to explore whether these results are specific or if they can more broadly be applied to other Occitan regions or elsewhere where regional languages are spoken.
M.A.
Department of Sociology
Sciences
Applied Sociology MA
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Books on the topic "Regional language of Cracow"

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Morris, Michael A. Language Politics of Regional Integration. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-56147-3.

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Desai, Mira K. Regional Language Television in India. London: Routledge India, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429270420.

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Gusmani, Roberto, Anna Morpurgo-Davies, Klaus Strunk, and Calvert Watkins, eds. Materials for the Study of the Ainu Language and Folklore (Cracow 1912). Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110818833.

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Almagro, José López. Colasín: Boceto de novela regional. [Murcia]: Secretariado de Publicaciones, Universidad de Murcia, 1990.

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Borges, Clério José. Dicionário regional de gírias e jargões: Pesquisa linguística regional. [Serra, Espírito Santo, Brazil]: Editora CTC, Centro dos Trovadores Capixabas, 2010.

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International Congress of Slavists (12th 1998 Kraków, Poland). Dutch contributions to the Twelfth International Congress of Slavists, Cracow, August 26-September 3, 1998: Linguistics. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 1998.

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Basu, Sajal. Regional movements: Politics of language, ethnicity-identity. Shimla: Indian Institute of Advanced Study, 1992.

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American regional dialects: A word geography. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1987.

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An introduction to regional Englishes: Dialect variation in England. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2010.

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Carver, Craig M. American regional dialects: A word geography. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1986.

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Book chapters on the topic "Regional language of Cracow"

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Marckwardt, Albert H., and J. L. Dillard. "Social and Regional Variation." In Language, 519–33. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-13421-2_30.

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Chitrapu, Sunitha. "Regional contours." In Regional Language Television in India, 259–67. London: Routledge India, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429270420-22.

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Vats, Aman. "Regional Hindi channels." In Regional Language Television in India, 35–49. London: Routledge India, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429270420-3.

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Morris, Michael A. "Comparative Language Politics." In Language Politics of Regional Integration, 1–40. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-56147-3_1.

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Morris, Michael A. "Caribbean Language Politics." In Language Politics of Regional Integration, 121–54. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-56147-3_5.

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Watson, Kevin. "Regional Variation in English Accents and Dialects." In English Language, 271–90. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-57185-4_17.

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Watson, Kevin. "Regional Variation in English Accents and Dialects." In English Language, 337–57. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-07789-9_18.

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Schmidt, Lauren B., Bret Linford, and Stephen Fafulas. "Regional Variation." In The Routledge Handbook of Second Language Acquisition and Sociolinguistics, 126–37. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003017325-12.

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Thorne, Sara. "Language variation: regional and social." In Mastering Advanced English Language, 137–63. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-13645-2_8.

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Morris, Michael A. "Middle American Language Politics." In Language Politics of Regional Integration, 89–119. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-56147-3_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Regional language of Cracow"

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Świętek, Agnieszka, and Wiktor Osuch. "Regional Geography Education in Poland." In 27th edition of the Central European Conference with subtitle (Teaching) of regional geography. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-9694-2020-14.

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Education in regional geography in Poland takes place at public schools from the earliest educational stages and is compulsory until young people reach the age of adulthood. Reforms of the Polish education system, resulting in changes in the core curriculum of general education, likewise resulted in changes in the concept of education in the field of regional geography. The subject of the authors’ article is education in regional geography in the Polish education system at various educational stages. The authors’ analysis has two research goals. The first concerns changes in the education of regional geography at Polish schools; here the analysis and evaluation of the current content of education in the field of regional geography are offered. The second one is the study of the model of regional geography education in geographical studies in Poland on the example of the geographyat the Pedagogical University of Cracow. Although elements of education about one’s own region already appear in a kindergarten, they are most strongly implemented at a primary school in the form of educational paths, e.g. “Regional education – cultural heritage in the region”, and at a lower-secondary school (gymnasium) during geography classes. Owing to the current education reform, liquidating gymnasium (a lower secondary school level) and re-introducing the division of public schools into an 8-year primary school and a longer secondary school, the concept of education in regional education has inevitably changed. Currently, it is implemented in accordance with a multidisciplinary model of education consisting in weaving the content of regional education into the core curricula of various school subjects, and thus building the image of the whole region by means of viewing from different perspectives and inevitable cooperation of teachers of diverse subjects. Invariably, however, content in the field of regional geography is carried out at a primary and secondary school during geography classes. At university level, selected students – in geographical studies – receive a regional geography training. As an appropriate example one can offer A. Świętek’s original classes in “Regional Education” for geography students of a teaching specialty consisting of students designing and completing an educational trail in the area of Nowa Huta in Cracow.
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Belkhouche, Boumediene, and Sonal Dekhane. "Analysis goal expression language." In the 45th annual southeast regional conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1233341.1233352.

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Jayalakshmi, D. S., V. T. Varun, Subrahmanya S. Bhat, and K. R. Karthik Kamath. "Contextual advertising for regional language blogs." In 2017 International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communications and Informatics (ICACCI). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icacci.2017.8125918.

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B, Vivek, Maheswaran S, Prabhuram N, Janani L, Naveen V, and Kavipriya S. "Artificial Conversational Entity with Regional Language." In 2022 International Conference on Computer Communication and Informatics (ICCCI). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccci54379.2022.9740996.

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Cunningham, H. Conrad. "A little language for surveys." In the 46th Annual Southeast Regional Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1593105.1593181.

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Murrell, S. J., and R. T. Plant. "Experiments in natural language processing." In the 28th annual Southeast regional conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/98949.99099.

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Mittal, Vibhu O. "Generating analogical natural language object descriptions." In the 30th annual Southeast regional conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/503720.503727.

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Youssefi, Abbas S., and D. E. Stevenson. "An intermediate language for vector processors." In the 28th annual Southeast regional conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/98949.99123.

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Jacob, Ferosh, and Robert Tairas. "Code template inference using language models." In the 48th Annual Southeast Regional Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1900008.1900143.

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Stuart, Brian L. "A hyper-text tutorial markup language." In the 35th Annual Southeast Regional Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2817460.2817520.

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Reports on the topic "Regional language of Cracow"

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Harvey, Jr, and J. C. U.S. Navy Language Skills, Regional Expertise, and Cultural Awareness Strategy. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada503388.

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Alrich, Amy A., Claudio C. Biltoc, Ashley-Louise N. Bybee, Lawrence B. Morton, Richard H. White, Robert A. Zirkle, Jessica L. Knight, and Joseph F. Adams. The Infusion of Language, Regional, and Cultural Content into Military Education: Status Report. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada562774.

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Carey, Neil B., Edward J. Schmitz, Zachary T. Miller, and Sara M. Russell. Assessing the Impact of and Needs for Navy Language, Regional Expertise, and Culture Training. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada570490.

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Azurmendi, Ana. Reforms to the European regional minority-language television corporations in the current context of crisis. Revista Latina de Comunicación Social, April 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4185/rlcs-2013-981en.

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Bekmyrzaev, Nurbek. Language Policies of the Central Asian States. Edited by Nargiza Muratalieva. The Representative Office of the Institute for War and Peace Reporting in Central Asia, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46950/202004.

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The publication “Language Policies of the Central Asian States ” was developed by Nurbek Bekmurzaev on the basis of the IWPR Representative Office in Central Asia and the regional analytical platform CABAR.asia.
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Sandeep, Bhushan, Huang Xin, and Xiao Zongwei. A comparison of regional anesthesia techniques in patients undergoing of video-assisted thoracic surgery: A network meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.2.0003.

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Review question / Objective: Although video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery is a minimally invasive surgical technique, the pain remains moderate to severe. We comprehensively compared the regional anesthesia methods for postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. Eligibility criteria: All published full-article RCTs comparing the analgesic efficacy of investigated regional anesthesia technique or comparative blocks in adult patients undergoing any VATS were eligible for inclusion. There were no language restrictions. Moreover, we also excluded case reports, non-RCT studies, incomplete clinical trials, and any trials used multiple nerve blocks. We also excluded any conference abstracts which could not offer enough information about the study design, or by data request to the author.
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Hoy, Andreas, Åsa Gerger Swartling, and Elin Leander. Adopting a user-oriented approach to make climate information more accessible across Europe. Stockholm Environment Institute, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51414/sei2022.009.

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Research from the ClimVis Europe project shows that climate information must be presented in more effective ways to reduce climate risks and support adaptation. Users need information that is easy to access, in their own language, and designed to help them make connections between real-time weather events and long-term climate developments. Users of weather and climate data in Europe are aware of only a few (if any) relevant, available tools that provide them with the insights into current, future and long-term meteorological trends that they seek. However, efforts to boost awareness of available tools, while important, will not be enough to meet user demands. Providers of climate information need to consult with stakeholders to co-develop new tools to meet needs and support the uptake of information. Existing European tools have two key shortcomings: limited language and insufficient context. The provision of climate information exclusively in English excludes many users (especially at local and regional levels and in Eastern Europe and Russia). Tools do not link real-time extreme weather with long-term past or future climate trends; such connections are essential to assess climate change-related impacts and adaptation needs. We interpret the results as a call to action, to enhance related communication that is fundamental to the need to reduce climate risks and support adaptation.
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Bhushan, Sandeep, Huang Xin, and Xiao Zongwei. Ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block for postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing liver surgery: what we might know from a meta-analysis of Randomized control trials. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.1.0094.

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Condition being studied: ESPB as an emerging regional technique has been well established in many surgeries, including reduce opioid demands, decrease pain score and improver sleep quality, etc. But, apply ESPB in liver surgery is limiting and remains uncertain, it is time to conduct one meta-analysis to reveal the performance of ESPB in liver surgery. Eligibility criteria: All published full-article RCTs comparing the analgesic efficacy of ESPB with control in adult patients undergoing any liver surgeries were eligible for inclusion. There were no language restrictions, Moreover, we also excluded case reports, non-RCT studies, incomplete clinical trials, and any trials used multiple nerve blocks. We also excluded any conference abstracts which could not offer enough information about the study design, or by data request to the author.
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Gurung, M. B., Uma Pratap, N. C. T. D. Shrestha, H. K. Sharma, N. Islam, and N. B. Tamang. Beekeeping Training for Farmers in Afghanistan: Resource Manual for Trainers [in Urdu]. International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.564.

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Beekeeping contributes to rural development by supporting agricultural production through pollination and by providing honey, wax, and other products for home use and sale. It offers a good way for resource-poor farmers in the Hindu Kush Himalayas to obtain income, as it requires only a small start-up investment, can be carried out in a small space close to the home, and generally yields profits within a year of operation. A modern approach to bee management, using frame hives and focusing on high quality, will help farmers benefit most fully from beekeeping. This manual is designed to help provide beekeepers with the up-to-date training they need. It presents an inclusive curriculum developed through ICIMOD’s work with partner organizations in Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, and Nepal, supported by the Austrian Development Agency. A wide range of stakeholders – trainers, trainees, government and non-governmental organizations (NGOs), associations and federations, and private entrepreneurs – were engaged in the identification of curriculum needs and in development and testing of the curriculum. The manual covers the full range of beekeeping-related topics, including the use of bees for crop pollination; production of honey, wax and other hive products; honey quality standards; and using value chain and market management to increase beekeepers’ benefits. It also includes emerging issues and innovations regarding such subjects as indigenous honeybees, gender and equity, integrated pest management, and bee-related policy. The focus is on participatory hands-on training, with clear explanations in simple language and many illustrations. The manual provides a basic resource for trainers and field extension workers in government and NGOs, universities, vocational training institutes, and private sector organizations, and for local trainers in beekeeping groups, beekeeping resource centres, cooperatives, and associations, for use in training Himalayan farmers. Individual ICIMOD regional member countries are planning local language editions adapted for their countries’ specific conditions.
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Davies, Will. Improving the engagement of UK armed forces overseas. Royal Institute of International Affairs, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55317/9781784135010.

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The UK government’s Integrated Review of security, defence, development and foreign policy, published in March 2021 alongside a supporting defence command paper, set a new course for UK national security and highlighted opportunities for an innovative approach to international engagement activity. The Integrated Review focused principally on the state threats posed by China’s increasing power and by competitors – including Russia – armed with nuclear, conventional and hybrid capabilities. It also stressed the continuing risks to global security and resilience due to conflict and instability in weakened and failed states. These threats have the potential to increase poverty and inequality, violent extremism, climate degradation and the forced displacement of people, while presenting authoritarian competitors with opportunities to enhance their geopolitical influence. There are moral, security and economic motives to foster durable peace in conflict-prone and weakened regions through a peacebuilding approach that promotes good governance, addresses the root causes of conflict and prevents violence, while denying opportunities to state competitors. The recent withdrawal from Afghanistan serves to emphasize the complexities and potential pitfalls associated with intervention operations in complex, unstable regions. Success in the future will require the full, sustained and coordinated integration of national, allied and regional levers of power underpinned by a sophisticated understanding of the operating environment. The UK armed forces, with their considerable resources and global network, will contribute to this effort through ‘persistent engagement’. This is a new approach to overseas operations below the threshold of conflict, designed as a pre-emptive complement to warfighting. To achieve this, the UK Ministry of Defence (MOD) must develop a capability that can operate effectively in weak, unstable and complex regions prone to violent conflict and crises, not least in the regions on the eastern and southern flanks of the Euro-Atlantic area. The first step must be the development of a cohort of military personnel with enhanced, tailored levels of knowledge, skills and experience. Engagement roles must be filled by operators with specialist knowledge, skills and experience forged beyond the mainstream discipline of combat and warfighting. Only then will individuals develop a genuinely sophisticated understanding of complex, politically driven and sensitive operating environments and be able to infuse the design and delivery of international activities with practical wisdom and insight. Engagement personnel need to be equipped with: An inherent understanding of the human and political dimensions of conflict, the underlying drivers such as inequality and scarcity, and the exacerbating factors such as climate change and migration; - A grounding in social sciences and conflict modelling in order to understand complex human terrain; - Regional expertise enabled by language skills, cultural intelligence and human networks; - Familiarity with a diverse range of partners, allies and local actors and their approaches; - Expertise in building partner capacity and applying defence capabilities to deliver stability and peace; - A grasp of emerging artificial intelligence technology as a tool to understand human terrain; - Reach and insight developed through ‘knowledge networks’ of external experts in academia, think-tanks and NGOs. Successful change will be dependent on strong and overt advocacy by the MOD’s senior leadership and a revised set of personnel policies and procedures for this cohort’s selection, education, training, career management, incentivization, sustainability and support.
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