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1
Anich, Vanessa F., and n/a. "Iwi management plans and consultation under the Resource Management Act 1991." University of Otago. Department of Geography, 1995. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20070531.125119.
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The Resource Management Act (hereafter �the RM Act�) has significantly changed the statutory framework for natural resource management in New Zealand. It is the result of a three year process of law reform, the largest law reform exercise ever undertaken in this country (M. F. E., 1992). It consolidates into one statute most of the laws that regulate the use of New Zealand�s natural and physical resources.
The purpose of the RM Act is the promotion of �the sustainable management of natural and physical resources�. The focus of this Project is the introduction into the RM Act of a number of positive obligations dealing with Maori interests, the principles of the Treaty of Waitangi, consultation, and iwi management plans.
The RM Act contains provisions designed to, amongst other things, safeguard Maori heritage interests, make consultation between consent agencies and tangata whenua mandatory in the preparation of local authority plans and policy statements, provide for the delegation of authority to iwi, and to instruct decision makers to take the principles of the Treaty into account when exercising functions and duties under the act. These provisions provide new opportunities for a distinctive Maori dimension to be incorporated into resource management decision making practice.
The ability is present within the RM Act to remove some of the barriers that have prevented Maori from participating in decisions on the management of resources. The interest of tangata whenua in natural resource management are now a part of the statutory framework. This has the effect of increasing the interaction, consultation and accountability of iwi and local government when natural resources are managed.
The realization of the potential of these iwi provisions in the RM Act will require decision makers and local iwi to develop a working relationship by exploring models of consultation and co-management. For the relationship to be effective, it will need to be based on mutual tolerance and cooperation. The rights and duties in the relationship are complementary and rest with both parties. Long-term sucess will require a commitment from both local authorities and tangata whenua to work together in good faith and with clarity of purpose to develop kaupapa (plan, strategy) for the present and future management of natural resources.
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Guiher, Sara Nicole. "A Regional Management Strategy for Invasive Plants in the Oak Openings." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1503607896706064.
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Ruru, Tania Suzanne, and n/a. "The Resource Management Act 1991 and Nga Iwi Maori." University of Otago. Faculty of Law, 1997. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20070530.141814.
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This thesis describes the sections in the Resource Management Act 1991 of particular relevance for nga Iwi Maori and assesses how well these facilitate involvement for Maori in the management of New Zealand�s resources. The method of assessment used is one of comparison between the schemes and philosophies of 1991 Act, and the active involvement of Maori in decision-making for their resources which is requires by Article ii of the Treaty of Waitangi (Te Tiriti o Waitangi).
Part i describes the Maori world view of the environment and outlines the Treaty of Waitangi and its relevance to resource management law.
Part ii describes the purpose and principles contained in sections 5, 6(e), 7(a), and 8 of the 1991 Act. Chapter Three provides an overview of the relationship between the purpose and principles. Chapter Four discusses the purpose in section 5 and proclaims that the inclusion of sustainability as a purpose in resource management legislation is advantageous in terms of the indirect furtherance of Maori conservation aspirations for the enviroment. It also describes how the cultural wellbeing of Maori has been interpreted to be an express part of the purpose of the Act. Chapter Five provides an analysis of section 6(e) which makes the relationship of Maori and their culture and traditions with their taonga a matter of national importance under the Act. Chapter Six describes section 7(a) and kaitiakitanga which must be given particular regard under the Act. Chapter Seven discusses section 8 and the content and meaning of the principles of the Treaty of Waitangi. Part ii concludes that while the facilitation of Maori involvement in the management and protection of natural and physical resources is improved under this Act, these sections are an insufficient safeguard for Maori interests.
Part iii assesses the other sections in the Act which have a bearing on Maori involvement in resource management processes. Chapter Eight explores the planning system. Chapter Nine describes the resource consent processes in the 1991 Act. Chapter Ten comments on various procedural provisions which introduce tikanga Maori into the Act, and Chapter Eleven is devoted to exploring the sections in the Act which in the writer�s opinion provide the most potential for recognition of rangatiratanga in a limited form. This Part proclaims that the emphasis in the Act is very much on consultation with nga Iwi Maori as an effective means for their involement in resource management. It is submitted that this is not the active participation in decision-making that Maori seek and which is guaranteed under Article ii of the Treaty of Waitangi.
Chapter Twelve acknowledges that involvement of nga Iwi Maori in processes under the 1991 Act will rely to some extent on the content of policy statements and plans produced by the local authorities. An analysis of the Proposed Otago Regional Policy Statement is undertaken to explore how the concerns of Kai Tahu have been incorporated into the statement.
Chapter Thirteen ends by concluding that while the 1991 Act does provide for increased Maori involvement in resource management processes in New Zealand it does not facilitate the decision-making role guaranteed by Article ii of the Treaty of Waitangi.
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Murray, Daniel James, and n/a. "A Critical Analysis of Communicative Planning Theory as a Theoretical Underpinning for Integrated Resource and Environmental Management." Griffith University. School of Environmental Planning, 2007. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20071127.142417.
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Regional natural resource management is increasingly being implemented through collaborative arrangements. Theoretically, collaborative arrangements draw together multiple stakeholders to achieve a holistic approach to management. However, there is no comprehensive underpinning theory to guide implementation. In response, the resource and environmental management literature has been dominated by the search for procedural theory. Encouraged by the history and experience the planning field has with decision-making in multi-stakeholder settings, planning theory - specifically communicative planning theory - has been encouraged as procedural theory for regional natural resource management. However, there has been limited empirical evaluation of this concept - particularly in natural resource management contexts. The aim of this research was to identify whether communicative planning theory represented an appropriate procedural theory to guide the implementation of regional natural resource management. This research addressed this aim through a comparison of the concepts and ideas comprising communicative planning theory with the forces shaping natural resource decisions and actions in practice within a collaborative approach to natural resource management. Qualitative research techniques were used to examine, in depth, a single case study of the implementation of the National Action Plan for Salinity and Water Quality in the Condamine Catchment. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with twenty-six stakeholders including mayors, farmers, members of non-government organisations, and representatives of State and Commonwealth agencies. The results of this research provide valuable understanding of how decisions are made and what role natural resource management objectives play within collaborative decisionmaking processes. This thesis builds theory relating to when, where, and if natural resource management objectives may be achieved through collaborative arrangements. Natural resource decisions and actions within the Condamine Catchment were shaped by three key forces. Firstly, the institutional arrangements that framed the collaborative approach influenced how organisational stakeholders would interact while undertaking natural resource management. Secondly, the structure of the decision-making processes influenced how decisions were produced. Finally, the characteristics (personalities, interests, agendas, and experience) of individual participants influenced the shape natural of resource decisions. Collectively, these forces discouraged the development of an integrated approach to natural resource management. Under the influence of these three forces natural resource management objectives played a secondary role to political manoeuvring within decisionmaking processes in the Condamine Catchment. Stakeholder agendas, motivations and interests became the primary concern as stakeholders implementing the National Action Plan became focused on controlling decisionmaking processes, instead of focusing on implementing natural resource management itself. Stakeholder relations were characterised by conflict as stakeholders competed for control of the decision-making processes. Communicative planning theory does not adequately identify or contend with the complex contextual forces shaping natural resource decisions within the Condamine Catchment. Nor does this concept offer clear direction on how to overcome the identified barriers to the development of an integrated approach to management. These research findings suggest that communicative planning theory does not represent an appropriate procedural theory to guide the implementation of regional natural resource management. Collaborative models of implementation are currently gaining dominance as the preferred delivery vehicle of regional natural resource management. This research implies that instead of searching for a meta-theory to guide implementation, the resource and environmental management field may be better served by developing a theoretical framework that makes practitioners aware of, and provides the tools to address, the context sensitive barriers that exist towards implementing natural resource management within multistakeholder settings. This research contributes towards the development of this understanding, and the tools necessary to unlock collaborative planning practice in individual settings.
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Pinkoski, Cassandra N. "Resource management to rural residential| Tools to monitor parcelization in the Catskill Region of New York State." Thesis, State University of New York Col. of Environmental Science & Forestry, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1568946.
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<p> Parcelization is an increasing concern to land managers in the rural regions of the United States. In order to protect vital ecosystem goods and services, resource managers need to account for decreasing parcel sizes. The Catskill region of New York State contains both the New York City Watershed and the Catskill Preserve. In order to maintain ecosystem functions within these sensitive areas, wise planning is needed in the development of rural lands. This study documents the change in private, rural parcel dynamics from 2004 to 2010 in the Catskill region at the township scale. A parcel density map was developed to observe trends in distribution of small parcels. The average parcel size dropped from 13.9 acres in 2004 to 13.1 acres in 2010. The distribution of small private, rural parcels is diffuse across the study region, implying the transition from resource management focused land holdings to rural residential within the Catskill region.</p>
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Wegerich, Kai. "Institutional change in water management at the local and provincial levels in Uzbekistan." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.404826.
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The dis-integration of the Soviet Union has led to changes in agricultural and natural resource management in the Central Asian successor states. These changes affected not only the international and national levels of governance but also the provincial and local level governance of the different republics. The focus of the research is on institutional change at the local level in the agricultural sector in Uzbekistan. The study area is located in the downstream regions of the Amu Darya basin, in the Khorezm province and the Karakalpakstan republic. Since the year 2000 a small number of state and collective farms have been privatised and farm organisations and water users associations have been established. The thesis deploys political theory, social theory and new institutional economics to analyse and examine institutions and institutional change and to analyse local level transformations. Particular attention is given to key stakeholders in the agricultural sector and in water management organisations at the local and provincial levels and to how they implemented the change. The main findings of the thesis first, confirm that institutions reduce negotiation and discourse costs by providing a structure for contention and accommodation. However, the findings indicate that institutions also have negative effects, because they reflect and reinforce old power relations and therefore can be exploited to serve the interests of privileged former stakeholders. The second main finding is that institutions and their ability to effect change is determined by the power of influential stakeholders, who enable or reject change. The findings of the thesis are important for those developing strategies for the creation of bottom-up movements, and also for the social engineering and reengineering of larger institutions and organisations. The findings will be especially significant for those involved in land and water reform processes and in the privatisation of governmental industries.
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Griesel, Gerhard. "Development and management framework for the Gouritz River Catchment." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2003. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-11202003-155742.
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De, Kock Melissa (Melissa Heyne). "Exploring the efficacy of community-based natural resource management in Salambala Conservancy, Caprivi Region, Namibia." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/19593.
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Thesis (MPhil)--University of Stellenbosch, 2007.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study is titled “Exploring the efficacy of community-based natural resource
management in Salambala Conservancy, Caprivi Region, Namibia”. Salambala was
one of the first four conservancies to be registered in Namibia following the
development of legislation which enabled local people on communal lands to obtain
conditional rights for the consumptive and non-consumptive use of wildlife in their
defined area, and thereby to benefit from wildlife.
Community-based natural resource management (CBNRM), an approach to natural
resource management which rests on sustainable development, is the theoretical
basis for this study. Characteristics of CBNRM, a brief history of its implementation
and impacts in southern Africa and key principles for sustainable CBNRM initiatives
shall be discussed.
The study includes a discussion on the history and development of Salambala, but
focuses specifically on two issues, (i) whether Salambala is a sustainable
community-based resource management initiative as per the principles required for
sustainable CBNRM, and (ii), whether it is meeting its own stated aims and
objectives.
This study demonstrates that Salambala Conservancy is adhering to the principles
required for sustainable CBNRM and that it is, on the whole, achieving its aims and
objectives. It is thus delivering benefits to the community which, currently, outweigh
the costs of living with wildlife, and wildlife numbers are increasing. In addition, the
vast majority of local people surveyed have support for the initiative. However, there
are a few critical issues which must be addressed, such as human-wildlife conflict
and the need to increase benefits through, for example, further tourism development,
if Salambala is to continue on this path.
The methodology used during the study included interviews, the use of
questionnaires on a sample of the population and extensive documentary analysis of
both CBNRM and the history of Salambala’s development.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die navorsing is getiteld “’n Ondersoek na die doeltreffendheid van
gemeenskapsbaseerde natuurlike hulpbronbestuur in die Salambala bewaar-area in
die Caprivi streek in Namibië”. Salambala was die eerste van vier bewaar-areas wat
in Namibië geregistreer is nadat spesifieke wetgewing ontwikkel is. Hierdie
wetgewing het plaaslike inwoners in staat gestel om voorwaardelike regte op
gemeenskaplike grond te bekom om die natuur te verbruik (bv. vir jag doeleindes) of
te gebruik (bv.vir toerisme), en so baat te vind by die natuur.
Gemeenskapsgebaseerde natuurlike hulpbronbestuur (GGNHB), ‘n benadering tot
natuurlike hulpbronbestuur wat berus op volhoubare ontwikkeling, is die teoretiese
basis van hierdie studie. Kenmerke van GGNHB, ‘n kort historiese oorsig van die
implementering en impak daarvan in suidelike Afrika, asook sleutel beginsels vir
volhoubare GGNHB sal bespreek word.
Die studie sluit ook ‘n bespreking in van die geskiedenis en ontwikkeling van
Salambala, met spesifieke fokus op twee kwessies: (i) of Salambala ‘n volhoubare
gemeenskapsgebaseerde hulpbron bestuursinisiatief is soos vervat in die beginsels
vir ‘n volhoubare GGNHB; en (ii), of dit aan sy verklaarde doelwitte en oogmerke
voldoen.
Die studie toon aan dat die Salambala bewaar-area voldoen aan die beginsels wat
vereis word vir volhoubare GGNHB en dat dit, in die geheel gesien, sy beplande
doelwitte en oogmerke bereik. Dit lewer dus voordele aan die gemeenskap wat op
die oomblik meer is as die kostes verbonde aan ‘n bestaan na aan die natuur. Verder
neem die wildgetalle toe en toon ‘n opname onder die plaaslike bevolking
oorweldigende steun vir die inisiatief. Daar is egter ‘n paar kritieke kwessies wat
aandag verg, soos die konflik tussen inwoners en die wildlewe, asook die behoefte
aan meer voordele wat verkry kan word deur middel van, byvoorbeeld, verdere
toerisme-ontwikkeling - sou Salambala voortgaan met hierdie onderneming.
Die metodologie wat in die studie gebruik is sluit in onderhoude, die gebruik van
vraelyste op ‘n deursnit van die bevolking asook ‘n breedvoerige dokumentêre
analise van beide GGNHB en die geskiedenis van die Salambala se ontwikkeling.
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Measham, Thomas George, and Tom Measham@csiro au. "Learning and change in rural regions: understanding influences on sense of place." The Australian National University. Faculty of Science, 2004. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20050421.162409.
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This thesis is about how people develop attachments to places, and what this means for natural resource management. The concept of sense of place is generating strong interest in the domain of natural resource management. In particular, the concept offers considerable potential as a way of integrating social, ecological and economic dimensions of environment. This makes the concept highly relevant to an emerging agenda from a range of disciplines and management approaches concerned with the links between social systems and natural systems at local and regional scales (Berkes and Folke 1998; Cheng Kruger and Daniels 2003; Plumwood 2002).¶
Recent interest in place has led to a research agenda for exploring how this concept can play a greater role in resource management (Cantrill and Senecah 2001). Central to this research agenda are questions of how attachments to places are influenced and how sense of place changes over time. In response to the emerging role of sense of place in natural resource management and the research agenda for exploring this concept, this thesis is concerned with three questions: what are the key influences on sense of place?; what is the relationship between sense of place and activities in practice?; and how do people learn about places and respond to change? To explore these questions, the thesis presents findings from interviews with 40 participants in case studies of the Atherton Tablelands and Woodstock, north Queensland. The research employed a purposeful sampling design with the aim of capturing as many different senses of place as possible within the limits of this study. Participants represented a broad range of land uses, ethnic backgrounds, ages and durations of time in the place of the interview. The data from these interviews were analysed using qualitative methods drawing on grounded theory (Charmanz 2000) and influenced by adaptive theory (Layder 1998). The research included a focus on honouring human experience (Braud and Anderson 1998), and also recognising the importance of prior research on how people develop a sense of place (Piaget 1971; Relph 1976).¶
The analysis showed how sense of place was influenced strongly by childhood experiences, both for people who grew up in the case study locations and for people who grew up elsewhere. Other strong influences on place involved living in a similar environment overseas, seeking profit and having a sense of self focussed on agricultural production. Of particular interest is that for many participants who moved to the case study locations, their sense of the Atherton Tablelands or Woodstock was well developed prior to arriving there. This implies that influencing peoples sense of place once they have arrived in a new place will be difficult. Attempts to influence peoples sense of place before they arrive, or soon after arrival, are more likely to be successful. ¶
The ways that sense of place related to practice are presented as a series of overlapping themes. These include the practice of admiring ones place from the comfort of home, making the land produce, and engaging with a place through activities such as hunting, camping and fishing. Participants also described the practice of caring for place, such as looking after traditional country and restoring the family farm. ¶
The ways participants learned about their places focussed on their childhood experiences, learning from elders, the role of comparisons between places, and the importance of continuity of experience. Participants described very few ways of learning about their place during adulthood. One of these was seeing places under different conditions, such as during a rat plague or after a bushfire. Another was through involvement in community events such as festivals.¶
In discussing the implications of these findings for natural resource management and policy, the thesis highlights how for several participants the key influences on sense of place were tied to non-economic values. Furthermore, this thesis shows that for many people identity and place were strongly linked and this adds to research that explains why farmers may not behave in economically rational ways (Botterill 2001a). The thesis also discusses the links between sense of place and post-productivist values in considering transitions in regional Australia identified by Holmes (2002). The findings of this thesis emphasise the potential role for environmental education during childhood to encourage learning about places. The thesis also discusses the implications of how people learn about their places during adulthood, arguing that further support for festivals and community events can play a significant role in exploring the links between social and ecological systems.¶
In conclusion, the thesis argues that the concept of place continues to offer considerable potential for understanding change in regional Australia, and in particular a grass roots shift towards post-productivist values. This role can be developed by further supporting environmental education in childhood and community events such as festivals which help us to learn about the links between ourselves and our environments.
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Casaus, Kevin Ricardo 1969. "Use of GIS for natural and cultural resource management: A computerized rule-based activity planning system on San Nicolas Island, Point Mugu Naval Air Weapons Station." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278674.
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Managing natural and cultural resources on a department of Defense (DoD) facility presents a difficult challenge. Many DoD facilities contain sensitive resources that are protected by a myriad of state and federal laws. Resource protection is complicated further since, while an important endeavor, it often is subjugated to the fulfillment of the military mission. The ability for resource managers to compare, analyze, and integrate complex resource data determines the speed and efficiency in which planning decisions are made. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) can help resource managers make informed accurate resource management decisions in an expedient manner. This project expanded a GIS database for San Nicolas Island (SNI), part of the Point Mugu Naval Air Weapons Station CA, and created prototype computer application to assist in resource management. This application, the Point Mugu Computerized Activity Planning System (PM-CAPS), assists managers in selecting locations on SNI for military activities to occur while minimizing the negative impacts on sensitive cultural and natural resources.
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Mpofu, Khulekani. "Evaluation of the performance of community-based natural resources management (CBNRM) projects along an aridity gradient in Botswana." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006063.
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The Botswana Community Based Natural Resources Management (CBNRM) programme started in 1989. Its aims were to promote sustainable development through sustainable natural resources management and utilisation to improve rural livelihoods. The country CBNRM programme has recorded mixed outcomes and this has raised questions on the programme performance throughout the country. Since the programme has been recognised as one of the eight main livelihood strategies for rural communities in Botswana, there was a need to evaluate the programme performance and determine the factors that influence it. This thesis therefore evaluated the performance of CBNRM projects along an aridity gradient in Botswana and by so doing answered the two research questions of: (1) What factors influence the performance of CBNRM? And (2) how does aridity influence the performance of CBNRM programmes? Performance was determined in terms of financial benefits generated by CBNRM projects and the projects adherence to the CBNRM principles. Data were collected from seven selected CBNRM projects covering three aridity zones (wet, medium rainfall and dry areas) in the country. Data were also collected from key informants and community based organisations (CBO) project managers. Research findings have indicated differences in the performance of CBNRM projects across the identified three aridity zones. Factors that influenced the performance of CBNRM projects varied among the three aridity zones. These factors included: existence of complimentary rules and regulations for managing CBNRM projects; literacy levels of communities involved in CBNRM; ethnic composition of the project communities; historic and current socio-economic trends within communities; collaboration between CBNRM institutions and other local level institutes; amount of benefits generated through the projects; ability of institutions to resolve outstanding issues in time and type of CBNRM project. Research results also indicated that there was variation in the performance of CBNRM projects across the three aridity zones. Aridity was found to directly influence the performance of CBNRM projects through its influence on the amount of revenues that projects generated.
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au, louiseduxbury@westnet com, and Marie-Louise Duxbury. "Implementing a relational worldview: Watershed Torbay, Western Australia connecting community and place." Murdoch University, 2007. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20080617.132132.
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The Australian landcare movement is considered to be a major success, with an extensive community landcare network developed, raised levels and depth of awareness, and a range of demonstration projects undertaken. It has inspired people across Australia and has been emulated overseas. However, negative trends in environmental conditions continue unabated. If the approach of the Australian landcare movement to date has not addressed the current unsustainable farming practices, what approach will?
This Australian study explores the history of the mechanistic worldview, its influence on the attitudes to and treatment of landscapes and indigenous knowledge from colonisation, and the ongoing impacts on current social and natural rural landscapes. Increasing tension between the mechanistic worldview and the growing landcare ethic based on relationships is apparent.
Through the focus project, Watershed Torbay, a different way of seeing and treating the world is explored by praxis. A worldview based on relationships and connection as the end purpose is proffered. Strengthening connection with ones own moral framework, and relationships with people and place in community, are seen as the path to achieving sustainability based on ecological and values rationality.
It is recognised that there are multiple ways of seeing and experiencing the world, and it is important to give voice to all players with a connection to decision making. This also means that there are different forms of knowledge; these can be grouped under the typology of epistemic or scientific knowledge, techne or technical/practical capability, and the central form of knowledge about values and interests.
I have worked with the focus project as a reflective practitioner undertaking action research; this is evident in the movement between theory and practice through the thesis. The thesis concludes in praxis taking the learning from the focus project, and exploration of theory, to answer the question posed at the outset by outlining how the relational worldview can be applied to the regional bodies now delivering major landcare programs.
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Seth, Nandini. "Coastal Land Loss and Collaborative Resource Governance: The Case of Plaquemines Parish, Louisiana." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2014. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1955.
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The research, presented here, is about the collaborative governance and adaptive management in coastal planning efforts of Louisiana. Fundamental conflict, between the idea of environmental conservation and developmental growth, has always existed in the coastal regions. The presence of the large number of environmental laws, at various levels of government and their different management objectives for utilization of coastal resources, requires study of intergovernmental relationship. Taking Plaquemines Parish as a case in point, this thesis will, therefore, review the critical restoration plans for intergovernmental coordination and conflicts. It will also provide recommendations, for elected representatives and policy makers, with an aim to promote collaborative governance and improve adaptive management of coastal resources.
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Althaus, Danielle Rose. "City of San Luis Obispo Open Space Vegetation Management Plan." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2014. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1235.
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This Master’s Professional Project is focused on the development of a draft Vegetation Management Plan for the City of San Luis Obispo Open Space properties. The purpose of the plan is to provide a comprehensive document which identifies how the city is addressing wildfire preparedness in city-owned open space properties. Methods used in plan development include a literature review, content analysis, geographic information systems (GIS), a course audit, and consultation with city staff and other stakeholders. Each open space property is identified in the plan, describing its location, vegetation, topography, assets, access points, water supply, evacuation routes, historical fire data, predominant risk exposure, current wildfire preparedness plan, priority ranking, and a proposed implementation plan.
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Low, Kelly J. "Exploring the Quality of Stakeholder Representation in Regional Planning." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1417449828.
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Gupta, Divya. "Explaining Enforcement Mechanisms in Collaborative Natural Resource Governance: A Study of Cases of Van Panchayats from Central Himalayan Region, India." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1417690684.
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Willard, Karen Lynn. "Habitat Associations of Breeding Marsh Birds within the Glaciated Region OF Ohio, USA." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1313517992.
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Presley, Erika. "An Internship with the Riverside Corona Regional Conservation District: Alluvial scrub vegetation sampling of the upper Santa Anna River Watershed." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1366334766.
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Kahler, Benjamin M. "Area-sensitivity, landscape habitat associattions and distribution of breeding marsh birds within the glaciated region of Ohio, USA." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1367574841.
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Landstrom, Ingegerd. "Towards Collaborative Coastal Management in Sri Lanka? : A study of Special Area Management planning in Sri Lanka's coastal region." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Social and Economic Geography, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-7287.
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<p>This thesis is concerned with the efforts to bring about a greater degree of local community participation in the use and management of Sri Lanka's coastal land and natural resources. Through the application of the Special Area Management (SAM) strategy in geographically distinct areas along the coast, the aim is to create collaborative arrangements - partnerships - that will enable coastal communities and local governments to work together with the Sri Lankan state and share responsibility and authority over the management of coastal land and natural resources. </p><p>Using a political-geographical perspective that highlights the political and spatial dimensions of this shift in forms for governing the coast, the thesis seeks to identify and discuss factors that can have a bearing on the participatory dimension of collaborative coastal management in Sri Lanka. The thesis focuses particularly on factors influencing the role played by the local communities and the degree to which they actually come to share authority with respect to the use and management of coastal natural resources as envisioned in the SAM strategy. </p><p>The thesis illustrates that, despite an ambition to bring about a sharing of authority and control in costal management, this has not quite worked out in practice. Due to circumstances relating both to the SAM strategy itself and to the context in which it is implemented, the degree to which coastal communities have gained any degree of influence with respect to the management of coastal land and resources remains questionable. </p><p>The study is carried out prior to the tsunami that hit the Sri Lankan shores in December 2004. However, given the major reconstruction of Sri Lanka's coast that currently is ongoing and the controversy that surrounds it, the issues raised in this thesis are highly relevant.</p>
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Ime, Oweka. "Resource Control and Political Development in Africa: The Cases of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Republic of Botswana." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1364748648.
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Ekane, Bellewang Nelson. "Socio-economic impact of Prunus africana management in the Mount Cameroon region : A case study of the Bokwoango community." Thesis, KTH, Urban Planning and Environment, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3968.
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<p>In most developing countries, forest resources are a major source of livelihood for forest dwellers. Forests provide fuel wood, farm products, meat, timber and plants of high medicinal value, including Prunus africana. The collection of medicinal plants is also an important source of cash income for some forest communities, and widely relied on to cure illnesses (Poffenberger, 1993). Because of this, the poor forest dwellers in particular are forced to exert pressure on their surrounding environment to make ends meet. Indiscriminate exploitation of forest resources has cost some forest dwellers dearly as they are now experiencing marked reduction of wildlife, forest cover, soil fertility and most importantly water supply, which is a key to life. Prunus africana has a very high economic and medicinal value locally as well as internationally. The exploitation of this species is a very profitable activity in most parts of Africa where it occurs, including the Mount Cameroon region. In recent years, most youths and young men in the Mount Cameroon region have seemingly become less interested in their usual income generating activities (farming, hunting, etc.) because of reduced productivity and have taken up Prunus harvesting as their major source of income. Increase in demand for this species by the French pharmaceutical company (Plantecam), weak institutional capacity to control exploitation, uncontrolled access into the forest, scramble for diminished stock by legal and illegal exploiters, destruction of wild stock by unsustainable practices, and insufficient regeneration of the species in the past have almost driven this species to extinction in certain parts of Cameroon and made it severely threatened in others. Prunus africana is presently threatened with extinction in the entire Mount Cameroon region. In response to this, the Mount Cameroon Project (MCP) and the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MINEF) helped some communities (Bokwoango and Mapanja) in the Mount Cameroon region to form Prunus africana harvesters’ unions with the aim of preserving the resource and improving the socio-economic benefits. The principal aim of the Bokwoango Prunus africana harvesters’ union is to ensure sustainable exploitation of Prunus africana while saving money for important development projects for individual members, their families and the entire community. This piece of work highlights the different facets of Prunus africana management in Cameroon in general and the Bokwoango community in particular. The study examines the socio-economic impact of Prunus africana management in the Bokwoango community and shows specifically the management role played by the Bokwoango Prunus africana harvesters’ union to reduce the rate of exploitation of Prunus africana and also to ensure benefit sharing of the earnings from sales of Prunus bark. It at the same time brings out the constraints encountered by harvesters as well as the opportunities that can make the union become more viable to the socio-economic development of the Bokwoango community. Results of this study show that for the short period that the Bokwoango Prunus africana harvesters’ union has existed, the socio-economic changes in this community are encouraging if one compares the present situation with that before the formation of the union. Most importantly, there has been increased awareness on the great need to conserve not only the threatened Prunus africana species but also other threatened plant and animal species in the region through sustainable hunting, harvesting and regeneration. Some proposals are made for efficient natural resource management and improvements on livelihood through alternative income generating activities. The study ends with recommendations for policy and institutional reforms as well as suggestions for further research in sustainable management of Prunus africana.</p>
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Thondhlana, Gladman. "Dryland conservation areas, indigenous people, livelihoods and natural resource values in South Africa: the case of Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011732.
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Contemporary conservation and development understanding in both policy and academic circles espouses that natural resources have a significant contribution to the livelihoods of local people and that knowledge of this can better foster conservation policies that are consistent with livelihood and ecological needs. This thesis is based on research conducted in the southern Kalahari region, South Africa among the San and Mier communities bordering Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park. It looks at the importance of natural resources to the San and Mier community groups and ascertains the extent of resource use and its value within broader livelihood portfolios. It also focuses on the cultural values of natural resources and interactions among institutions and actors and how these shape natural resource governance and livelihood outcomes. Overall, natural resources represent an important livelihood source contributing up to 32 % and 9 % of the total income of the San and Mier respectively or up to 46 % and 23 % if livestock incomes are included. However, the dependence on, diversification patterns and distribution of natural resource income vary substantially between and within the two communities. With regards to the cultural values attached to natural resources by the San and Mier, the findings show that these arise from an incredibly diverse and sometimes conflicting array of values that punctuate the two communities’ way of life and they are inextricably linked to resource use. Lastly, governance of natural resources in the co-managed Park and communitymanaged resettlement farms is characterised by complex institutional arrangements, compounded by the existence of multiple actors that have multiple and sometimes conflicting objectives – as shaped by different meanings and interpretations of natural resources. Heightened inter- and intra-community conflicts are common, notably resource use conflicts between the San and Mier and between the San ‘modernist’ and ‘traditionalist’ groups. This demonstrates that the communities’ livelihood dynamics in general and the dependence on natural resources in particular, are closely linked with ecological, economic and social factors including history, culture and present livelihood needs. By exploring the social-environment interactions, the study highlights the complexities and diversity of resource use for livelihoods that should be taken into consideration for both conservation and development policy interventions and research. The main argument of the study is that the contribution of natural resources to local livelihood portfolios in co- and community-managed areas, can be better understood through a consideration of cultural dynamics and institutional arrangements since these condition natural resource access, value and use.
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Cohen, Rachel L. "Urban Agriculture Stormwater Management in California Cities." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2013. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1015.
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Cities within California are beginning to incorporate urban agriculture into their land use designations. Prompted by residents and local organizations, cities are hoping to capture the benefits that urban agriculture provides. Research has shown that urban agriculture renews and beautifies neighborhoods, provides healthy food choices, increases public health, has the potential to help with stormwater runoff, creates jobs, and fosters community. In the last few years, several California cities have made headlines as they have adopted new zoning codes that include urban agriculture.
In reviewing these new zoning codes and exploring the topic of urban agriculture, it became evident that just because an urban farm was small, organic and provided certain benefits that it was not free from impacting its surroundings. As more urban agricultural ventures are established within cities, planners have to carefully consider their effect. One such impact could be stormwater pollution. There is insufficient research to determine whether there is a relationship between urban agriculture and stormwater, however, studies on conventional agriculture and urban landscaping (mainly urban lawns) show that each of these areas pollute the local water bodies with sediment, chemicals, and nutrients. Is urban agriculture different?
This thesis utilizes two case studies within California, the City of Oakland and the City of San Diego, to examine the similarities and differences between each city’s urban agriculture ordinances and evaluate whether or not the cities have adjusted stormwater requirements in parallel with these ordinances. Interview responses and site visits in each city were analyzed and compared to expound upon the approaches each city engaged. Using the collected data and analysis as a base, a set of guidelines was created for managing stormwater runoff from urban agriculture.
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Zuo, Na. "NATURAL RESOURCE, REGIONAL GROWTH, AND HUMAN CAPITAL ACCUMULATION." UKnowledge, 2017. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/agecon_etds/58.
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The dissertation research will comprise three essays on the topic of the resource curse hypothesis and its mechanisms. The phenomenon of low economic growth in resource-rich regions is recognized as the “resource curse”. These essays will contribute to an understanding of the regional resource-growth relation within a nation.
Essay one tests the resource curse hypothesis at the U.S. state level. With a system of equations model, I decompose the overall resource effect to account for the two leading explanations — crowding-out and institution effects, thus investigate whether the institutions mediate the crowding-out effects. I did not find evidence of an overall negative effect on growth by resource wealth. Both the crowding-out and institution appear present, but they offset: the resource boom crowds out industrial investments, but good institutions mitigate the overall effect. Resources do reduce growth in states with low-quality institutions, including Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas.
Essay two compares the effects of resource revenues on the economic growth and growth-related factors across Chinese provinces and American states, using panel data from 1990 to 2015. With the Instrumental Variable (IV) strategy, I show that regions with higher resource revenues grow faster than other regions in both China and the U.S. The positive resource effect is larger and more statistically significant in the U.S. Further testing impacts of three resource-related policies in China, e.g. the market price reform, the fiscal reform, and the Western Development Strategy, I show that the market price reform together with the privatization process on coal resources contribute the positive resource effect in China. Though strong and positive resource – growth relations appear in both countries, evidence also suggests consistent negative resource effects on certain growth-related factors in both countries, such as educational attainments and R&D activities.
Essay three explores the schooling response to the oil and gas boom, taking advantage of timing and spatial variation in oil and gas well drilling activities. Development of cost-reducing technologies at the time of higher crude oil and natural gas prices in the early 2000s has accelerated shale oil and gas extraction in the United States. I show that intensive drilling activities have decreased grade 11 and 12 enrollment over the 14 year study window − approximately 36 fewer students per county on average and overall, 41,760 fewer students across the 15 states enrolled considered in the analysis. On average, with one additional oil or gas well drilled per thousand initial laborers, grade 11 and 12 enrollment would decrease 0.24 percent at the county level, all else equal. I investigate heterogeneous effects and show that the implied effect of the boom is larger in states with a younger compulsory schooling age requirement (16 years of age instead of 17 or 18), lower state-level effective tax rate on oil and gas productions, traditional mining, non-metro, and persistent poverty counties.
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Villines, Jonathan A. "USING GIS TO DELINEATE HEADWATER STREAM ORIGINS IN THE APPALACHIAN COAL-BELT REGION OF KENTUCKY." UKnowledge, 2013. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/bae_etds/15.
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Human activity such as surface mining can have substantial impacts on the natural environment. Performing a Cumulative Hydrologic Impact Assessment (CHIA) of such impacts on surface water systems requires knowing the location and extent of these impacted streams. The Jurisdictional Determination (JD) of a stream’s protected status under the Clean Water Act (CWA) involves locating and classifying streams according to their flow regime: ephemeral, intermittent, or perennial. Due to their often remote locations and small size, taking a field inventory of headwater streams for surface mining permit applications or permit reviews is challenging. A means of estimating headwater stream location and extent, according to flow regime using publicly available spatial data, would assist in performing CHIAs and JDs. Using headwater point-of-origin data collected from Robinson Forest in eastern Kentucky along with data from three JDs obtained via a Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) request to the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), headwater streams in the Appalachian Coal Belt were characterized according to a set of spatial parameters. These characteristics were extrapolated using GIS to delineate headwater streams over a larger area, and the results were compared to the National Hydrography Dataset (NHD).
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Norris, Keith Alan. "Body mass dynamics, stopover durations, and habitat conditions for migrant shorebirds in the southwestern Lake Erie marsh region." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1439674812.
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Cummings, Jonathan. "Decision Support for Natural Resource Management." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2014. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/290.
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This research spans a variety of research topics with a common theme, providing decision support through the development and analysis of methods that assist decision making for natural resource and wildlife management. I used components of structured decision making and decision analysis to address natural resources management problems, specifically monitoring and estimating the status of harvested populations, as well as data collection decisions for landscape conservation.
My results have implications for the way populations are monitored and their status is estimated. I find that the inclusion of error in data collection can have a substantial impact of the performance of abundance and growth rate estimates of harvested species and that the selection of estimation methods depends on what management objectives are most important. For example, the Sex-Age-Kill population estimation method best estimates the size of populations, while the Downing population reconstruction method better estimates trends in population growth rates. I provide a framework to support selection of the best estimation method while considering a monitoring program as a whole. Based on this framework the Vermont Fish and Wildlife Department will obtain the most benefits from a monitoring program including necropsy analysis that uses the Downing method to track population status. Finally, I demonstrated the use of value of information analysis as a tool to determine the relative expected benefits of addition spatial data collection for use in landscape mapping and conservation. This type of analysis can provide conservation agencies with a planning tool to direct budgets and mapping efforts.
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Adrar, Angela. "An incentive approach to natural resource management; reconciling beliefs and values with incentives for natural resource management /." Click here to view full-text, 2008.
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Zmijewski, Kirk A. "Connecting the dots: Remote sensing of Glossy and Common Buckthorn (Frangula alnus and Rhamnus cathartica) in the Oak Openings Region of Northwest Ohio." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1365076682.
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Mountjoy, Natalie Jones. "COMMUNITY-BASED NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT: GROUP CAPACITY, RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PLANNING AND ASSESSING SUCCESS." OpenSIUC, 2014. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/930.
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Grass-roots conservation efforts, implemented at the local level, have become increasingly popular within the U.S. and abroad. The conservation and natural resource literature has touted these initiatives as more effective when compared to top-down management efforts. As localities are given more responsibility for managing their own natural resources, their ability to do so effectively has become a major concern. I sought to determine the capacity of these community-based natural resource management (CBNRM) groups to contribute to successful ecosystem management in the state of Illinois, with three primary objectives: to determine the primary components of capacity within a CBNRM organization (chapter 2); to identify the relationship between the levels of capacity in a CBNRM organization and the quality of natural resource management planning conducted by the group (chapter 3); and, to evaluate the effects of resource management plans (RMPs) produced by CBNRM groups on the ecological integrity of the prescribed area. This multi-disciplinary project necessitated reliance on the principles of both sociology and ecology, as required by explorations of socio-ecological systems. This dissertation is an attempt to model the success of CBNRM initiatives by examining changes in ecological integrity and attainment of conservation goals. It is my intent that this model can be used by CBNRM groups in Illinois and other contexts to best meet their goals, and by organizations seeking to assist CBNRM groups as an investment guide to determine what type of assistance is most likely to lead to environmental change. I found motivation, leadership, respect, mutual interest/shared values, outreach/education, marketing, communication, planning, funding and equipment/supplies were the most important drivers of CBNRM group capacity. Additionally, my results show that capacity varied significantly among groups with low, moderate and high RMP success, and that group capacity was predictive of the degree of RMP success. Lastly, I found bird indicators increased, especially at the 7-8 year post-RMP mark, providing some evidence of the utility of CBNRM initiatives in affecting positive environmental change.
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ESSIC, JEFFERSON FORREST. "APPLICATIONS OF GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS FOR GROWTH MANAGEMENT PLANNINGAND WATER QUALITY PROTECTION IN THE COASTAL REGION OF NORTH CAROLINA." NCSU, 1998. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-19980105-155948.
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<P>ESSIC, JEFFERSON FORREST. Applications of Geographic InformationSystems for Growth Management Planning and Water Quality Protection inthe Coastal Region of North Carolina. (Under the direction of Hugh A. Devine.)<P>Research efforts conducted in coastal areas of North Carolina andother regions have documented numerous examples of negative impacts toestuarine water quality as a result of unplanned and unmanaged development.However, new construction is continuing at a rapid pace in these areas,forcing local planners to make complex decisions regarding land uses andprotection of cultural and natural resources.<P>A Geographic Information System (GIS) is a computer-driven toolthat has proven valuable in assisting with this decision making process.GIS technology provides the means to efficiently collect, store, and retrievevast amounts of spatial data. Then, this information may be visually displayedin a manner that supports better understanding and analysis of the physicalenvironment and the potential impacts of growth.<P>There have been many instances during the past decade in whichGIS has been used to meet the educational and informational needs of citizensand local officials who want to ensure a strong economy and healthy environmentis planned for the future of their community. Most of these projects haveoriginated at the state level, either through the North Carolina CooperativeExtension Service, or other agencies.<P>A number of zoning options and growth management planning measureshave recently been recommended that coastal government officials shouldconsider for promoting stewardship and protecting important natural resourceswhile continuing to maintain economic vitality. This paper focuses on theapplication of GIS for analyzing and implementing many of those strategieswith emphasis on local responsibility.<P>In particular, the natural suitability of cluster development forCurrituck County, North Carolina, is examined with GIS. Attention to growthmanagement planning in this coastal county is critical since the populationis projected to increase over 73 percent from 1990 to 2020. GIS data layersfrom the North Carolina Center for Geographic Information and Analysis,as well as digitized Federal Emergency Management Agency Flood InsuranceRate Maps, are used to determine the extent of Primary Conservation Areasin the county. In addition, Secondary Conservation Areas are identified
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Oliver, Peter Edward, and n/a. "Developing Effective Partnerships in Natural Resource Management." Griffith University. Australian School of Environmental Studies, 2004. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20040802.163341.
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This thesis seeks to understand and improve the effectiveness of partnerships formed by industry, community and government members of natural resource management (NRM) groups. The increasing popularity of partnership-based approaches to NRM is reflected in the rise of landcare, catchment management and other social mobilisation approaches throughout Australia and overseas. This thesis uses critical ethnographic methods to identify the characteristics of effective NRM partnerships and the factors influencing their effectiveness. This research also investigates appropriate methods for evaluating the effectiveness of such relationships and for determining when working in partnership with others may be the most appropriate response to a given NRM problem and context. The critical intent of the study means that it sought not only to understand the nature of such issues but also sought to enlighten and empower participants to improve the practice of partnerships in natural resource management. These characteristics and factors are analysed from three perspectives: the coordinators employed to broker and facilitate community-based NRM groups, the groups themselves and individual group members. This was done in order to reflect the importance of the continuous (re)negotiation of power that characterises long-term group relationships. It also enabled theories of power, cultural transformation, citizen participation, social capital and social learning to be used in the analysis of the NRM partnerships investigated in this study. These concepts were used to develop three tools for analysing NRM partnerships: a pendulum of citizen participation, an NRM citizen participation decision tree, and an NRM partnership typology. The study is based upon the analysis of nineteen cases, predominantly in South East Queensland, which were selected as examples of successful and effective NRM partnerships on the basis of referrals from regional managers and coordinators from State and Local Government. The research design was 'T' shaped, with Phase 1 of the study providing breadth through the analysis of fifteen partnerships. Depth was achieved in Phases 2 and 3. Phase 2 was a long-term ethnographic case study of one catchment management group while Phase 3 comprised a detailed analysis of three issue-specific partnerships formed by this group. These three phases concentrated on the viewpoint of coordinators, NRM groups and participants, respectively. Data on each of the nineteen cases were collected through interviews, field observations, workshops, document analyses and a short questionnaire. Data were analysed qualitatively. All data records were systematically coded to reveal themes and concepts relating to the research objectives from the viewpoints of coordinators, NRM groups and participants. Coding also revealed implications for governments seeking to enter into or to facilitate partnerships with others. The coding and interpretation of this data revealed a suite of twelve characteristics typical of effective natural resource management partnerships. These fell into five groups: (i) definitional characteristics (relating to effectiveness and shared power and responsibility) (ii) relationship characteristics (focusing on social capital building processes; communication; processes for knowledge acquisition and social learning; shared values, intent, action and risk-taking) (iii) participant characteristics (high levels of motivation and realistic expectations); (iv) a context characteristic (that the context is appropriate for a partnership) and (v) an 'outsider' perception characteristic (that the partnership is perceive positively by outsiders). A comparative analysis of cases reveals that only one of the nineteen cases exhibited all twelve characteristics. Importantly, three of these characteristics are not mentioned in the literature reviewed for this thesis. Two of these, share values and shared intent are relationship characteristics. Study findings emphasise that effective NRM partnerships are built on good personal relationships, based on shared values and intent. The third new characteristic is that people outside the partnership should perceive the relationship favourably. Since funds and other resources may be under the control of people outside a partnership, it is important that participants are able to effectively communicate their shared values and intent to others. Five factors were found to be significant in the development of effective partnerships (i) the need for participants and those brokering partnerships to realize that effective partnerships are built on positive personal relationships in which (ii) participants have high levels of motivation for being involved, particularly early in the relationship. The study further revealed that such relationships: (iii) need to be supported by a continuity of adequate funding and resources and (iv) the services of skilled, enthusiastic coordinators who (v) enjoy and are skilled at working in 'grey areas', the constantly changing social and organizational environment that is typical of NRM groups. These findings of the study are synthesized through a critical ethnography which depicts three years in the life of a typical, yet hypothetical, NRM group, the Armstrong Narrows-Yarooba Catchment Management Group (ANY Group). Based on the literature review and the analysis of results from this study, this composite story protects the anonymity of those who have participated in this research. Each of the three vignettes that make up this story contains two sections -As it was and As it could be. This 'double take approach' highlights the critical nature of the ethnography, emphasising how the development of collaborations and partnerships among members of NRM groups may be improved and evaluated. Coordinators, NRM group members and agencies supporting their efforts may use this ethnography as a basis for reflection and deliberation on the development of effective partnerships in natural resource management. Recommendations for how different stakeholders in NRM partnerships may develop the effectiveness of the partnerships they form are provided.
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Fakhrutdinova, Liubov Romanovna. "Natural resource management in the Russian economy." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.612149.
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Ouyang, Ruolan. "Essays on natural resource evaluation and management." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2017. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/7944/.
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Derivatives markets, in particular futures markets, play an important role in the organization of production in commodity markets. While commodity markets for agricultural and natural resources like live cattle, soybean, oil, gas and minerals are well established, commodity markets for marine resources are very new. Located in Bergen (Norway), Fish Pool is a new derivatives market, where futures contracts written on fresh farmed salmon are traded in large quantities since 2006, continuing a strong upwards trend. Markets for forwards and futures on fresh salmon help companies which use fresh salmon in their production, for example, food processing companies, to hedge their price risk and plan ahead, by fixing the price in advance. In the same way, they help producers, i.e. salmon farmers, to reduce their selling price risk. In fact, according to Fish Pool News Archive released on 20/03/2012, not only consumers, processors and producers, but also speculative investors at Fish Pool play a more and more important role, which in consequence urges the issue of finding appropriate, theoretical well-founded and sound pricing formulas for the futures contracts traded there, as well as examining its effects on participants. In this PhD thesis, we first discuss the valuation of futures on fresh farmed salmon as traded on the Fish Pool exchange and then explore how information reflected in the prices of futures contracts can be used to compute fair prices, i.e., arbitrage free prices, for lease and ownership of fish farms. Specifically, in the first chapter, we give a general background of the study and introduce the estimation methods adopted in the thesis, i.e., Kalman filter combined with the maximum likelihood estimation. In Chapter 2, we connect the popular Schwartz (1997) multi-factor approach, which features a stochastic convenience yield for the salmon spot price, with the classical literature on fish farming and aquaculture. We follow first principles, starting by modeling the aggregate salmon farming production process and modeling the demand using a Cobb-Douglas utility function for a representative consumer. In Chapter 3, we extend the Schwartz (1997) two-factor model by adding a seasonality feature to the mean-level of convenience yield. All models are estimated by means of Kalman filter, using a rich data set of contracts with different maturities traded at Fish Pool. The estimates are also discussed in the context of other commodity markets, specifically live cattle which acts as a substitute. Our results show that the framework presented is able to produce an excellent fit to the actual term structure of salmon futures. A comparison with live cattle futures traded within the same period reveals subtle differences, for example within the level of the convenience yield, the speed of mean reversion of the convenience yield and the convenience yield risk premium. In Chapter 4, we consider the optimal harvesting problem for a fish farmer. We take account of the existence of Fish Pool, which determines risk premia and other relevant variables, that influence the fish farmer in his decision. We assess the optimal strategy, harvesting time and value against two alternative setups. The first alternative involves simple strategies which lack managerial flexibility, the second alternative allows for managerial flexibility and risk aversion as modeled by a constant relative risk aversion utility function, but without access to the salmon futures market. In both cases, the loss in project value can be very significant, and in the second case is only negligible for extremely low levels of risk aversion. In consequence, for a risk-averse fish farmer, the presence of a salmon futures market, as well as managerial flexibility, are highly important.
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Shi, Guang. "Natural resource based green supply chain management." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2012. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/4090/.
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Mattsson, Frida. "Natural Resource Abundance and the Inclusion of Natural Resource Management in Intrastate Peace- and Ceasefire Agreements." Thesis, Försvarshögskolan, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:fhs:diva-8125.
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Previous research has not specified the puzzling occurrence of the low prevalence of natural resource management (NRM) in intrastate peace- and ceasefire agreements. The purpose of this thesis is to address this gap by applying the theoretical perspectives on high natural resource abundance. High natural resource abundance produces conditions for poor economic management, which may serve as a possible explanation of the low prevalence of NRM. The result of the study indicates a negative correlation between high natural resource abundance and an inclusion of NRM in intrastate peace- and ceasefire agreements. Thus, the hypothesis “If a high level of natural resource abundance exits, there is a lower probability of an inclusion of NRM in intrastate peace- and ceasefire agreements” is upheld. Since the assumptions of the theories do appear to hold, the thesis offers findings that further our understanding of the low prevalence of NRM in intrastate peace- and ceasefire agreements.
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Kellon, Delanie. "Natural resource management in a Costa Rican watershed." Diss., Connect to online resource - MSU authorized users, 2006.
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Stoffle, Richard W. "Natural Resource Management at Isle Royale National Park." Bureau of Applied Research in Anthropology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/293757.
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A presentation on the historic and prehistoric use of resources at Isle Royale National Park. The complete report, which can be found in this collection, is titled 'The Isle Royale Folkefiskerisamfunn: Familier Som Levde Av Fiske: An Ethnohistory of the Scandinavian Folk Fishermen of Isle Royale National Park.'
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Cruz, Chú Mariana Beatriz. "Use of visual representation in natural resource management." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/27845.
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The increasing use of visual representation in natural resource management is signed as a promising tool for enhancing the communication with bidirectional flow of information among stakeholders. Some targets are the transfer of scientific knowledge to non-scientific groups and the study of perception that local communities have about their environment. Both of them have critical importance in developing countries. The objective of this thesis was to get further knowledge on some topics and concerns related to the use of photographic material as surrogates of natural grassland areas among shepherds and extension advisers. The thesis developed studies in two main grassland areas of Peru. The first study was carried out in Azangaro, Puno, in the Peruvian High Plateau. This study explored the reliability and validity of the use of visual material in performing assessments about common concepts used in grassland management by extension advisers, whose role in the chain of technology transfer is important in this area. The second area of study was the SAIS Pachacutec, which involves a significant grassland area in Junin, located in the central mountain region of Peru. Two main research topics were investigated in this area. First, there were comparisons in the use of different techniques (random and participatory approaches) for visual sampling in rangelands. And second, the use of photographic material combined with Q methodology was explored for the elicitation of environmental perceptions among shepherds and local administrations. Implications of results for future use of visual representation in natural resource management are discussed.
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Mensah, Michael [Verfasser]. "Gender roles in Agriculture and natural resources management in upper east region, Ghana / Michael Mensah." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1200098161/34.
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Bellerud, Carl. "The Natural Resource Curse at the Regional Level? : The Case of Sweden." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-80073.
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The resource curse thesis states that countries with an abundance of natural resources tend to experience lower economic growth rates. However, does this theory apply also to the regional level? The purpose of this thesis is to both test the natural resources curse theory at the regional level in Sweden, as well to examine if different types of natural resource dependencies appear to have the same effect on regional income growth in the country. The methodological approach builds on an econometric (OLS) analysis using two different panel datasets over time intervals, 2000-2017 and 2007-2017, respectively. The results from one of the datasets suggest that the dependency on natural resources does not appear to affect Swedish counties' income growth, nor is there any difference in the impact on income growth from different types of natural resources. However, the corresponding results from the other dataset suggest a positive relationship, although these results are not robust across various model specifications.<br>Teorin om naturresursernas förbannelse förutspår att länder med ett överflöd av naturresurser kommer att ha en lägre ekonomisk tillväxt. Stämmer även denna teori på regional nivå? Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka om resursförbannelsen existerar på regional nivå i Sverige samt att undersöka om olika typer av naturresurser har olika påverkan på den regionala inkomstutvecklingen i landet. Metodiken för att besvara detta bygger på en ekonometrisk (OLS) analys med två olika paneldataset med skilda tidsintervaller, 2000–2017 och 2007–2017. De resultat som baseras på det ena datasetet visar att naturresurser inte har en påverkan på inkomstutvecklingen på svensk länsnivå, samt att olika typer av naturresurser inte heller har en påverkan på den regionala inkomstutvecklingen. Det andra datasetet påvisar dock att det finns ett positivt förhållande mellan regional inkomstutveckling och naturresurser, men detta resultat är inte robust.
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Knuth, Barbara Ann. "A fisheries and wildlife resource indicator system for use in natural resource management." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/49812.
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Brewer, Charles Kenneth. "Remote Sensing Applications to Support Sustainable Natural Resource Management." The University of Montana, 2007. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-12282007-164513/.
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The original design of this dissertation project was relatively simple and straightforward. It was intended to produce one single, dynamic, classification and mapping system for existing vegetation that could rely on commonly available inventory and remote sensing data. This classification and mapping system was intended to provide the analytical basis for resource planning and management. The problems encountered during the first phase of the original design transformed this project into an extensive analysis of the nature of these problems and a decade-long remote sensing applications development endeavor. What evolved from this applications development process is a portion of what has become a "system of systems" to inform and support natural resource management. This dissertation presents the progression of work that sequentially developed a suite of remote sensing applications designed to address different aspects of the problems encountered with the original project. These remote sensing applications feature different resource issues, and resource components and are presented in separate chapters. Chapter one provides an introduction and description of the project evolution and chapter six provides a summary of the work and concluding discussion. Chapters two through five describe remote sensing applications that represent related, yet independent studies that are presented essentially as previously published. Chapter two evaluates different approaches to classifying and mapping fire severity using multi-temporal Landsat TM data. The recommended method currently represents the analytical basis for fire severity data produced by the USDA Forest Service and the US Geological Survey. Chapter three also uses multi-temporal Landsat data and compares quantitative, remote-sensing-based change detection methods for forest management related canopy change. The recommended method has been widely applied for a variety of forest health and disaster response applications. Chapter four presents a method for multi-source and multi-classifier regional land cover mapping that is currently incorporated in the USDA Forest Service Existing Vegetation Classification and Mapping Technical Guide. Chapter five presents a study using nearest neighbor imputation methods to generate geospatial data surfaces for simulation modeling of vegetation through time and space. While these results have not yet been successful enough to support widespread adoption and implementation, it is possible that these general methods can be adapted to perform adequately for simulation modeling data needs.
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Newton, Julie. "Gender responsive approaches to natural resource management in Namibia." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.420804.
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Zikhali, Precious. "Land reform, trust and natural resource management in Africa /." Göteborg : [Department of Economics, School of Economics and Commercial Law] : University of Gothenburg, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2077/18382.
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Buenavista, Maria Gladys G. "Social factors influencing natural resource management in the Philippines /." This resource online, 1995. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-08272007-163832/.
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Le, Quesne Tom. "The analysis of multi-tiered natural resource management institutions." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.670202.
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Buenavista, Maria Gladys. "Social factors influencing natural resource management in the Philippines." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/39275.
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This is a study about rural households making a living from a declining natural resource base and surviving in a changing rural economy in rural Philippines. Informed by the political ecology and feminist environmentalism theoretical frameworks, the study uses empirically-based theorizing to elucidate social factors that influence household resource management strategies. Interactions of class and gender relations, the coexistence of market and nonmarket relations, and the power of social networks are among the social constructs that shape the everyday choices and decisions of household resource users. The findings of this study suggest that a "technological fix" model to address resource degradation is not the answer. I conclude by stating that building social capital and engendering local control of resources are keys to sustainable natural resource management.<br>Ph. D.
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Coleman, Kimberly Jane. "The Role of Trust in Collaborative Natural Resource Management." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/64987.
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This dissertation examines how trust develops in landscape level collaborative natural resource management efforts. I took a case study approach to research four projects in the Collaborative Forest Landscape Restoration Program (CFLRP). I conducted qualitative analysis of interviews, notes and observations from site visits and archival documents to understand the role and function of trust within my four case studies. The results are organized into five chapters: an introduction chapter, three manuscripts intended for stand-alone publication (Chapters 2-4), and a conclusion chapter. Chapter 2 reports on the development and function of trust within the four collaboratives I studied. Chapter 3 discusses the roles of facilitators and coordinators for engendering and maintaining trust. Chapter 4 examines three of the four case studies and compares the observed trust outcomes to the literature on traditional forms of public involvement. Finally, Chapter 5 synthesizes the findings from Chapters 2-4. These results provide useful information about the types of trust that contribute to successful collaborative efforts, as well as identify some of the practices and structures that engender those types of trust.<br>Ph. D.