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Journal articles on the topic 'Regional self-government'
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Melnychuk, Vasyl Ivanovych. "Factors of regional self-government formation in Ukraine." Politicus, no. 6 (2021): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.24195/2414-9616.2021-6.6.
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Mulyani, Hani Sri, Dadang Sudirno, and Abdul Hakim. "Driving Factors For Local Government Self-Financing Ability." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 748, no. 1 (April 1, 2021): 012028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/748/1/012028.
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Abstract The independence of Regional Development in regional autonomy is the ability of local governments to self-finance government activities, development, services to the community and manage regional finances, especially Regional Original Income (PAD) and Economic Growth Levels without relying mostly on assistance from the central government. This study aims to determine the effect of local taxes, levies and the level of economic growth on the independence of regional development in CIAYUMAJAKUNING regencies/cities for the period of 2011-2018, either partially or simultaneously. The variables used in this study are Local Taxes, Retribution, Economic Growth Rate and Regional Development Independent Ratio obtained from the website of the Directorate General of Fiscal Balance (DJPK) and the website of the Regency / City Central Statistics Agency (BPS) in West Java. The analytical method used is descriptive analysis method and verification. The sample selection in this study used the saturated sample method, and the samples from this study were 5 districts/cities, namely Cirebon City, Cirebon Regency, Majalengka Regency, Indramayu Regency and Kuningan Regency in the period of 2011-2018 so that 40 sample data were obtained. The analytical tool used in this research is multiple regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that partially Local Taxes have a significant effect on the Independence of Regional Development, Levies have a significant negative effect on the Independence of Regional Development and the Level of Economic Growth has no effect on the Independence of Regional Development. However, simultaneously it shows that local taxes, levies and economic growth rates have a significant effect on the independence of regional development.
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Jánošková, Barbora. "Future of Slovak Regional Self-Government or Quo Vadis Self-Governing Region?" Politické vedy 23, no. 4 (December 17, 2020): 228–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.24040/politickevedy.2020.23.4.228-236.
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Udod, Yevhen. "Local self-government development programming: regional experience and modern challenges." Public administration aspects 8, no. 2 (July 8, 2020): 131–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/152027.
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The article examines the "Program for the development of local government in the Dnipropetrovsk region for 2012 –2021" prerequisites for development, phases of the life cycle and components’ content. Periodization was carried out with the definition of three Program stages, key events, achievements and challenges of the regional Program implementation. It is established that during the first two operational stages (2008–2011) significant results were obtained, which ensured further "breakthrough" movement of region local self-government in the decentralization processes. It is shown that Dnipropetrovsk region is a leader in decentralization processes: as of the beginning of 2020, 71 amalgamated territorial communities have been formed. The volumes of funding of the "Local self-government development projects and programs regional award" are analysed and it is determined that it is necessary to continue the practice of annual Regional award. It is emphasized that the process of decentralization has caused new challenges to be met by local governments in the implementation of fundamentally new tasks during the implementation of the next stage of the Program in 2016–2021. In particular, it is determined that in 2020–2021 the following additional challenges are relevant: territorial communities voluntary amalgamation processes’ completion & joining affluent communities’ intensification; the critical need to strengthen programs for mono-industry settlements’ economy diversification; regional vital activity’s organization in the conditions of the COVID 19 pandemic. Taking into account the results of modern scientific research, seven adjusted priority goals of the Program current stage are proposed. An updated system of the Regional Local Government Development Program’s key principles and values is presented, which formalizes key principles (openness; active internal dialogue; continuity of experience; design of local development processes at strategic and operational levels; systematic support for local development projects; local communities’ project-targeted financing; reasonable distribution of the budgetary resources and values involved) and values (proactive; productive; promising) that will ensure the success of the local self-government development programming at the regional level in today's challenges.
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Mishyn, Serhii. "EFFICIENCY OF ACTIVITIES OF REGIONAL AUTHORITIES AND LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT." European Political and Law Discourse 8, no. 3 (2021): 130–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.46340/eppd.2021.8.3.17.
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Maksimović, Nebojša. "State supervision over the local self-government in the Vidovdan Constitution." Zbornik radova Pravnog fakulteta Nis 60, no. 90 (2021): 207–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/zrpfn0-32306.
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In the process of adopting the Vidovdan Constitution of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (1921), one of the topical issues was the form of supervision that the state government would exercise over the local self-government. In this article, the author first elaborates on the development of this constitutional document, with specific reference to the constitutional drafts proposed by the governments of Milenko Vesnić and Nikola Pašić, the amendments introduced by the Constitutional Committee, and the adoption of the constitution in the Constituent Assembly on 28 June 1921 (St. Vitus Day). The Vodovdan Constitution was the legal ground for adopting two important legislative acts in April 1922: the Law on General Administration and the Law on Regional and District Self-Governmnent. The author analyzes the constitutional and statutory provisions that regulated the legal position of state authorities in the administrative districts, counties and local self-government bodies, as well as their mutual relations. State supervision over the local self-government activities, primarily at the regional (district) level, has been observed in the context of state supervision over the administrative acts/ documents and local administrative bodies. In particular, the author focuses on the supervision over regional finances, considering not only the importance of these funds for the functioning of the regional self-government but also the restrictions which the regional government was exposed to. The aim of the research is to point out to the legal relations between the central (state) administration and local self-government in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, which were initially envisaged in the Vidovdan Constitution and subsequently instituted by the the 1922 Law on Regional and District Self-Government.
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Sukhovych, I. "Tourism policy of the Republic of Poland level of the territorial self-government." Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Geography 2, no. 43 (October 19, 2013): 48–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vgg.2013.43.1682.
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The article deals with the place and role of the territorial self-government sector in the process of tourism development, the influence of tourism on the social and economic development of a region as well as the role of strategic regional planning in the sphere of tourism development. The article also analyzes the development of tourism on the level of gmina self-government which is the lowest and the most important level of self-government in Poland, the tasks of gminas in the tourism sphere as well as the role of local authorities in the process of tourism promotion. The work highlights an institutional system of tourism development support in Poland on regional level, the role of local self-government bodies in financing infrastructure that is need for tourism development, the role of regional tourist agencies in promoting and creating tourist attractions in a region, as well as the tourism promotion system at the gmina self-government territorial level. Key words: Poland, tourism, regional policy, territorial self-government, gmina, development strategy, tourism promotion, tourist agency, tourism policy, social and economic development, dimensional policy.
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Нанба, Сария, and Sariya Nanba. "Redistribution of Powers: Interrelation of Federal and Regional Regulation." Journal of Russian Law 4, no. 6 (May 30, 2016): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/19763.
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The article investigates the conceptual foundations of local self-government in the Russian Federation. The article analyzes the current status of the legislation on local self-government. The author analyzes in retrospective the limits of participation of the Russian Federation’s constituent entities with regard to local government. A peculiar feature of local government is the expansion of the powers of public authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in regulating the issues of local self-government organization. The article analyzes the legal nature of the redistribution of powers, provides classification of the redistributed powers. The author studies the laws of the Russian Federation governing the redistribution of powers. The author reveals the tendency of the transfer to the regional level of powers, which traditionally deal with local matters. These include the powers to address issues of local importance in organizing funeral services and burial places, disposal and recycling of household and industrial waste, organizing of transport services, forest monitoring, land use planning, and others.
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Lozina, Duško, and Damir Juras. "Teorijski pristupi o područnoj (regionalnoj) samoupravi u Republici Hrvatskoj." Zbornik radova Pravnog fakulteta u Splitu 56, no. 2 (May 14, 2019): 423–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.31141/zrpfs.2019.56.132.423.
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Croatia has, as an independent state, and from the year 2013 as a full member of the European Union; chosen to fully affirm the institutions of local and regional self-government. Croatian administration science has made significant advances in terms of acceptance of basic, for now, European, profiling of these institutions, but it is also aware of its' particularities on that path. As one of the most significant dubieties, the one on the concept of regional self-government appears, i.e. on the organization of that area, especially which territory would be encompassed by the units of regional self-government in the Republic of Croatia, as well as the authorities which would these units possess. In order to critically and wholly analyse the crucial questions of regional self-government in the Republic of Croatia, this paper also analyses perspectives of scientists in other areas: economists, political scientists, geographers and sociologists.
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SAGAT, Vladimir, Milan KRAPEK, and Juraj NEMEC. "Efficiency of control in regional self-government of the Slovak Republic." ADMINISTRATIE SI MANAGEMENT PUBLIC, no. 37 (November 29, 2021): 6–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.24818/amp/2021.37-01.
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The importance of high quality public sector control is an obvious fact – without efficient and effective control system, the risk of wasting public funds is critical. The goal of this article was to evaluate efficiency of internal control systems on the level of regional self-administration in the Slovakia. The findings clearly document many problems related to the performance of regional control bodies and on this basis purposes and possible actions are proposed. From the point of view of "fiscal rules", the research, for example, pointed to an exceptionally poor situation in compliance with the rules and conditions of budgetary management in the Bystrica region in the period 2006-2009. The research also proves that one of the key problems of nonconceptual and non-transparent asset management of regions is confusing and disadvantageous asset sales. The quantitative analysis suggests that the efficiency (intensity) of the functioning of regional control systems does not have a direct impact on the monitored output indicators. The implemented DEA also indicates the low effectivity of the internal control systems of the regions. Our findings fully prove that there are no truly efficient systems of external and internal control at the level of self-governing regions in Slovakia. The factor of high autonomy of regions in the financial management and disposal of assets in connection with the identified high degree of failure of the regional control system generates a clear need to strengthen the system of internal control of regions, based on systemic and procedural changes.
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Gatensby, Anthony. "Regional Disparity in Modern First Nations’ Treaty-Making." SURG Journal 5, no. 1 (December 23, 2011): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.21083/surg.v5i1.1442.
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First Nations’ self-government treaties have arisen solely in British Columbia, to the exclusion of every other Canadian province. At first glance, the amount of historical treaties enacted in what is now Ontario prevents new claims from being pursued. Therefore, the assumption exists that because the majority of British Columbia’s land mass was never formally ceded to the Crown, the opportunity to do so has now presented itself. However, identifying the amount of historical treaties as the sole influence over the contemporary process of land claims is an assumption that excludes the importance of regional circumstances in emerging self-government treaties. Therefore, the intention of this paper is to establish that this assumption is inadequate, and that regionalism better explains the historical, political, legal, and geographical reasons why First Nations’ self-government has surfaced exclusively in BC.
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Vojinović, Borut, Mariusz Próchniak Próchniak, and Žan Jan Oplotnik. "International Aspects of Fiscal Convergences on Regional and Local Level." Lex localis - Journal of Local Self-Government 13, no. 3 (July 31, 2015): 827–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4335/13.3.827-847(2015).
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The paper presents the analysis of sigma (σ) and beta (β) convergences of the selected indicators as those that best represent the level of local self-government and fiscal decentralization systems across the selected EU member states. Through research we wanted to establish how EU integration process influenced the area of local self-government in selected EU member states and if we witness also the unification of this aspect among EU member states. Results confirm that convergence really occurred at the significant rate during the whole period 2004 to 2013 and also during the sub periods 2004 to 2009 and further, although in latter period some divergence or slowing down in convergence has been also present. Nevertheless, we can confirm that EU integration process has also influenced the area of local self-government and that EU member countries are converging to the commonly adopted criteria are principles as stated in EU charter of local self-government.
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Butakov, Alexander. "LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT: PRACTICE OF ELECTORAL LEGISLATION ENFORCEMENT." Law Enforcement Review 1, no. 4 (January 10, 2018): 96–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.24147/2542-1514.2017.1(4).96-111.
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The subject. The article presents a special study of the law enforcement practice of electoral legislation made by a court of various instances in the process of elections to the Omsk City Council of the sixth convocation held on September 10, 2017. The collision arises between the enforcement of federal and regional legislation is analyzed in the article.The purpose of the article is to find the ways of solving the conflict that arose during thr enforcement of federal and regional legislation regarding the verification procedure of voter’s signature.The methodology. The methods of analysis and synthesis are used. The focus of the scientific analysis concerns the courts decisions.The results, scope of application. In the Federal Law “On Basic Guarantees of Electoral Rights and the Right to Participate in the Referendum of Citizens of the Russian Federation” of June 12, 2002, No. 67-FZ, the last paragraph of par. 8 of art. 37 fixes a set of issues established by the law of a sub-sovereign entity of the Russian Federation in holding the elections to a representative body of local self-government. In 2003, the regional law No. 456-OZ “On Elections to Local Self-Government Bodies of the Omsk Region” was passed, in which issues referred to the jurisdiction of the subject of the Russian Federation in the last paragraph of par. 8 of art. 37 of Federal Law No. 67, were not confirmed, especially with regard to the consolidation of the verification order of voters' signatures and grounds for recognition these signatures invalid, and (or) invalidated. At the same time, the Federal Law “On ensuring the constitutional rights of citizens of the Russian Federation to elect and be elected to local self-government bodies” No. 138-FZ of November 26, 1996, which in par. 2 of art. 1 "registered" the mechanism of its application in case of unsettledness, even with regard to the right to elect and be elected to the bodies of local self-government by the law of that body.The nsettledness concerns the verification order of authenticity of voters' signatures in candidacy lists when nominating candidates for representative bodies of local self-government.Conclusion. The article considers the sequence of solving this problem by the courts of the first, appellate and cassation instances, as a result of which the essence of the collision does not find its material and procedural solution, still remaining a gap both in the legislation and in the activities of federal control and supervisory bodies.
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Zhao, Jianfeng, and Jiguang Wang. "Regional Differences and Firms’ Innovation Self-Choice Behavior: Insights from China." Sustainability 12, no. 9 (May 9, 2020): 3866. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12093866.
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Although many studies examine the influence of external factors (e.g., financial development, institutional condition, government intervention, and degree of marketization) on firms’ innovation behavior, they are rarely related to the core issue of heterogeneity in entrepreneurship. The different levels of entrepreneurs’ characteristics usually mean huge differences in the skill level or efficiency of firms. Thus, the differences that exist in innovation ability and innovation behavior also reflect the difference of susceptibility to external factors. The core issue of heterogeneity determines not only the self-choice mode of a firm’s innovation but also the degree and pattern of an internal condition imposed by external factors, and it then influences the firm’s innovation behavior. Based on the perspective of entrepreneurship, this paper integrates heterogeneous trade theory into firms’ R&D analysis frameworks by using the data of listed companies on the Growth Enterprise Market to explore the heterogeneous influence mechanism of financial development and government intervention on firms’ R&D input. First, by constructing a theoretical model, this study finds that the innovation self-choice phenomenon exists in heterogeneous firms. A higher financial development and a lower government intervention lead to an increase in firms’ R&D input benefits. Second, the empirical research finds that financial development reduces the innovation‒cash flow sensitivity. Moreover, the reduction of government intervention alleviates the degree of capital misallocation of financial development and promotes R&D input. Third, as a moderator variable, entrepreneurs’ risk-taking propensity strengthens the promotion effect of financial development and government intervention on firms’ R&D investment. Financial development would strengthen the effect of government intervention on innovation self-choice behavior.
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Czuryk, Małgorzata, and Jarosław Kostrubiec. "The legal status of local self-government in the field of public security." Studia nad Autorytaryzmem i Totalitaryzmem 41, no. 1 (April 17, 2019): 33–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/2300-7249.41.1.3.
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THE LEGAL STATUS OF LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT IN THE FIELD OF PUBLIC SECURITYThe vast array of responsibilities assigned to local self-government include also public security. This is all the more important as it must be ensured at every tier of administration, including in the regions. The local self-government, as the basic form of decentralised public administration, is situated closest to citizens and is therefore most responsive to their needs, with security needs being fundamental needs that must be addressed on a continuous basis.The jurisdiction of local and regional government bodies in the field of public security concerns many areas, but it is the local government which holds most of these responsibilities while the regional government is entrusted with less responsibility in this matter. This characteristic covers the institution of emergency states, crisis management, or issuing public order regulations.
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Mihalik, Jaroslav, and Daniel Klimovský. "Decentralization of Educational System and its Impact on Local Self-Government in Slovakia." Lex localis - Journal of Local Self-Government 12, no. 3 (July 9, 2014): 467–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4335/12.3.467-480(2014).
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The decentralization of the state public administration was announced in spite of the EU integration process as well as the reform of the state public administration that proved the necessity of transforming and transferring the competences and finances to the subnational levels of governance. From this principle, among others, the regional and municipal administration of education sector evolved in Slovakia. This article aims to study the decentralization development with the particular impact on local self-government and regional school system. The authors argue about the potential threats of school decentralization and challenges that the system of regional and municipal schools brings.
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De Villiers, Bertus. "Community Government for Cultural Minorities – Thinking beyond “Territory” as a Prerequisite for Self-government." International Journal on Minority and Group Rights 25, no. 4 (September 20, 2018): 561–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718115-02503007.
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Decentralisation in its different forms is often associated with territorial governments, be it regional or local governments. There is a close correlation between decentralisation to territorial entities and the protection of minorities that live concentrated in those areas. This article challenges the presumption that decentralisation must by necessity require a territorial element. It is argued that if minorities establish corporate legal entities, various forms of decentralisation could be used to empower language, cultural and religious communities to look after their own affairs. Several case studies are referred to in order to illustrate how in practice non-territorial forms of self-government have been developed. Finally, recommendations are made for establishment of community government in different forms.
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Siryk, Zinoviy, Rostyslav Bilyk, and Olena Panukhnyk. "Territorial framework of local self-government: basis of legislative regulation." Journal of Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University 7, no. 3 (November 30, 2020): 147–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/jpnu.7.3.147-155.
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Ukraine is increasingly trying to integrate into European structures. The civilizational, geopolitical and geo-economic choice for our country is obvious, therefore, difficult, consistent and sometimes unconventional and unpopular political decisions are required to implement it. The real implementation of the deconcentration, decentralization and subsidiarity principles in the practice of public administration is necessary, in particular, due to the introduction of new models of relations between the political center and the regions. Regional disproportions in the territory development of Ukraine, the failure to implement the reform on the ground in specific administrative and territorial units, the spread of corruption schemes – all these are the consequences of an ineffective model of local self-government and state management of regional development, that became the beginning of the administrative and territorial reform in the state. And in order to ensure a high-quality process of administrative and territorial reform, it is important, and to some extent and the most basic, is the process of adopting high-quality regulatory base for legislation. The article identifies the main directions for the formation of an effective management system at all levels, including: the formation of an optimal territorial basis, the provision of appropriate material, administrative, organizational and financial conditions for the implementation of the powers granted to them by local governments, a clear delineation of powers between management bodies of different levels based on decentralization, mechanism development of the state control and population involvement in the community development. The legislative base, which was adopted in the context of supporting the reform of local self-government in Ukraine, has been analyzed. The legislative guidelines for the decentralization reform and regional policy in Ukraine have been determined and substantiated. Deficiencies and shortcomings of the normative-legal and institutional support system of the local self-government reform have been identified and ways of their elimination have been proposed.
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Dylewski, Marek. "The Rule Limited Imbalance (Debt Rules) of the Regional Self-government Units." Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego Finanse Rynki Finansowe Ubezpieczenia 79 (2016): 631–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.18276/frfu.2016.79-50.
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Soviar, Jakub, Martin Holubčík, and Josef Vodák. "Regional Cooperation Ecosystem: Case of the Žilina Self-Government Region (Slovak Republic)." Sustainability 10, no. 7 (June 28, 2018): 2219. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10072219.
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Yovi Dzulhijjah Rahmawati. "The Capacity of Kulon Progo Regency Government in Efforts to Self-Sustaining Economic." Journal of Indonesia Sustainable Development Planning 1, no. 2 (August 29, 2020): 177–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.46456/jisdep.v1i2.56.
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As an area with an open economic access, Kulon Progo Regency has many valuable points in the development of its agriculture, manufacturing, trade and services sectors. However, low level of the district public welfare becomes an internal strategic issues that affects its planning process. In the meantime, Kulon Progo District has its own leadership potential with good regional coordination and clear communication with its regional leaders. This potential can be a key element of its regional development as to reduce its internal issues. This leadership type owns by the regional leaders, along with the effective bureaucracy, is a manifestation of the capacity of its regional jurisdiction. This capacity of the Kulon Progo regency government within the framework to achieve self-sustaining economic can be obtained with the following efforts: (1) efforts to mobilize stakeholders in achieving self-sustaining economic by local leaders, (2) determination of local-pro economic policy and priorities program, and (3) implementation of a performance-based planning and budgeting process in an effort to boost the local economy. In practice, the leadership innovation is not strong enough to change the planning and budgeting system that has been institutionalized bureaucratically. Contextual conditions do have great affect to the success of leadership, policy making, and planning and budgeting aspects. Therefore, this study aims to examine the Kulon Progo District Government capacity in encouraging the self-sustaining economy.
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Paata Koguashvili, Paata Koguashvili, and Gocha Tsopurashvili Gocha Tsopurashvili. "Regional Aspects of Land Management Policy and Self-governance Opportunities." Economics 104, no. 3-5 (June 22, 2021): 79–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.36962/104/3-5/20210179.
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One of the most important foundations of sustainable economic development is a prudent land management policy, which in turn is complex and addresses the nature of socio-demographic problems. The Covid-19 pandemic has brought to the forefront the importance of self-sufficient agricultural development and food security has become one of the modern challenges, with land as the spatial basis of the economy. The new legislative norms and rules enacted in the country from 2020 require active actions by both the central government and local self-governments. UN studies and recommendations emphasize the importance of complex, multisectoral cooperation and separate the responsibilities of all three levels (center, region, self-government), where elements of duplication must be eliminated and actions taken in full coordination. The axis of the main strategic vision is the central government, its cooperation and activation of the regional factor in terms of assigning coordinating, concentrating functions is extremely interesting, which is unconditionally expressed in terms of efficiency and flexibility of the case. Action in time and space is much more effective than the process of self-regulation. In determining the main directions of the land policy, it is important to outline hierarchically and functionally correctly the responsibilities and obligations of the law enforcers. Morover, the paper outlines the principles of cooperation and coordination, but at the same time emphasizes the importance of fulfilling the exclusive, statutory functions of self-government in terms of targeted and effective use of agricultural land in the country. Determining the market value of land, introducing differentiated taxes and creating a qualitative classification in modern conditions is one of the important challenges. To address these issues, an action software model is presented on the example of Bolnisi Municipality, based on sustainable development, economic Principles of optimization and rationalism, therefore accurately and objectively reflects the real situation. It is noteworthy that the mechanisms for determining the market value of land are created by a system and not an expert opinion brought to the air, the incorrect examples of which have accumulated quite a lot in the country. The approaches and action model proposed in the paper require the introduction of scientific thought and modern innovative systems in terms of quality assessment on the one hand, and on the other hand in terms of objective differentiated tax, because the precise definition of the real picture is the basis for a well-organized systemic-structural reform, which the field unconditionally needs even today. Keywords: Land management policy, market price, local government, agriculture, land balance, soil, optimization.
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Menger, Mariza. "Explaining Local Self-Government Reorganisation in Croatia." Hrvatska i komparativna javna uprava 19, no. 1 (March 28, 2019): 105–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.31297/hkju.19.1.5.
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This article deals with changes to the system of local and regional self-government in Croatia between 2003 and 2017. For the most part, reform efforts, excluding some positive developments with regard to the promotion of the democratic principles of governance, have not been successful. The article addresses the question of how to theoretically account for these changes. The aim is to offer an understanding of reform failure by focussing on the preceding processes. The article begins by establishing that reform efforts in the existing literature on Croatian local- and middle-level government reorganisation have predominantly been explained either by means of the rational-instrumental perspective or the power and conflict perspective. The former argues that reorganisation outcomes are a product of rational decision-makers, who in the early 1990s and afterwards sought to, for one reason or another, establish centralistic administration of public affairs. The latter, on the other hand, proposes that the current local- and middle-level government structure is a direct reflection of the power structure of the current constellation of political actors. The article goes on to suggest that, at least in part, changes made to the system can be attributed to the garbage can model of decision-making. This is due to the fact that participation in the decision-making arena throughout this period was fluid, the decision-makers’ attention scarce and their goals ambiguous, and the definitions of the problems unclear.
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Šinković, Zoran. "Financiranje jedinica lokalne i područne (regionalne) samouprave." Zbornik radova Pravnog fakulteta u Splitu 56, no. 1 (February 26, 2019): 223–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.31141/zrpfs.2019.56.131.223.
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The territorial organization of modern states rests on the principles of decentralization, which includes the political, administrative and financial independence of the lower levels of government. It is a fundamental principle that no function, no job or task can be assigned to a certain level of government or body of government without the funds being provided. Local and regional selfgovernment are one of the most important areas of strategic importance for the development of democratic and quality public policies in the Republic of Croatia. The relationship between local and regional self-government and users can also be seen as a parallel process of strengthening the responsibility of local units for overall quality and «offering» public services in the local area. Therefore local and regional self-government have the right to various sources of funding in order to be able to carry out their tasks, or to provide, to a greater or lesser degree, better public services to their users.
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Blokker, Paul. "The Constitutional Premises of Subnational Self-Government in New Democracies." Corvinus Journal of Sociology and Social Policy 3, no. 1 (March 2, 2012): 35–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.14267/cjssp.2012.01.02.
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The paper discusses the significance and role of subnational democracy in the context of new European democracies in flux. In a context of fragile democratic traditions, the displacement of national sovereignty, and increasing civic adverseness to national politics, local forms of representative and direct democracy might – in advantageous circumstances – help to re-attach citizens to the democratic process. What is more, enhanced civic input into local and regional policy-making may enhance local capacities and strengthen forms of local cooperation. Subnational democracy might therefore work as a partial antidote to problems of European democracies, and in particular in the post-communist context. Local forms of democratic interaction have particular significance in the new democracies in that legacies of paternalism, hyper-centralized politics, socialist legality, and deeply engrained distrust towards politics tend to discourage democratic participation. Democracy on the local and regional levels is of a particularly intricate nature in that it is dependent on the way it is institutionalized and constitutionalized, and thus on legal guarantees of autonomy as well as on distinct values of self-government as communicated by constitutions. The paper will discuss the promises and problems of subnational democracy, and will subsequently briefly explore the constitutional premises of subnational self-government in the Czech Republic, Hungary, and Poland. The emerging picture shows both an increasing role for subnational self-government and significant hurdles to more widespread democracy on the local level.
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Sergeev, Aleksey A. "Transfer of Powers of Local Self-Government Authorities to the Regional Government Level: The Legal Nature and Limits of Discretion of a Regional Legislator." Constitutional and municipal law 2 (March 11, 2020): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.18572/1812-3767-2020-2-31-37.
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Wojnarowski, Konrad. "Wpływ prawa Unii Europejskiej na polską politykę regionalną." Studia Iuridica 77 (March 20, 2019): 184–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.1874.
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The article presents the impact of European Union law on the development of supra-local self-government structures in Poland. In the literature, it is estimated that the self-governmental reform of 1998 assuming the establishment of self-government voivodships and poviats enabled Poland to effectively join the implementation of regional development policy. The voivodship self-government and poviat became the basis of the institutional infrastructure together with the commune, enabling efficient acquisition of the Structural Funds and the EU Cohesion Fund.
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Bezena, I. M. "DECENTRALIZATION OF PUBLIC AUTHORITIES AND MARKETING: REGIONAL STATE GOVERNANCE AND LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT." "Scientific Notes of Taurida V.I. Vernadsky University", series "Public Administration" 6 (2019): 19–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.32838/2663-6468/2019.6/04.
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Bezena, I. M. "DEMOCRATIZATION AND DECENTRALIZATION OF PUBLIC AUTHORITY: REGIONAL PUBLIC POLICY AND LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT." "Public management and administration in Ukraine" 14 (2019): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.32843/2663-5240-2019-14-5.
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Filatov, Georgy. "Catalonia and Regional Self-Government in the First Quarter of the 20th Century." ISTORIYA 12, no. 6 (104) (2021): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840016155-9.
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The Mancomunitat represents the first experience of self-government in Catalonia in the 20th century. This idea began to form among Catalan intellectuals in the second half of the 19th century, when the interests of the local bourgeoisie and the cultural elite of the region unexpectedly coincided in connection with the need to defend their interests before the central authorities. The Mancomunitat emerged at a time when the political system of the restoration was in crisis as the main monarchist parties were ousted from the political life of the region by Catalanists and Republicans. In these conditions, the Spanish government preferred to satisfy the demands of the nationalists, since they were a more conservative force and did not pretend to change the political system of Spain. As a result, the Catalan provinces were able to create the Mancomunitat, which allowed them to coordinate efforts to deal with administrative issues.
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Lipchanskaya, M. A. "Ensuring the Representative Function of Regional Parliaments and Representative Bodies of Local Self-Government." Vestnik Povolzhskogo instituta upravleniya 21, no. 3 (2021): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/1682-2358-2021-3-26-34.
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Analysis of the representative functions provision by regional parliaments and representative bodies of local selfgovernment at the present stage is presented. The legislation of the subjects of the Russian Federation is analyzed for the consolidation and reflection of the representative function. Opinions are expressed on possible changes in the order of formation and activity of representative bodies at the regional and municipal levels in order to more fully and effectively implement the function of representation.
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Murray Svidroňová, Mária, and Juraj Nemec. "E-Procurement in Self-Governing Regions in Slovakia." Lex localis - Journal of Local Self-Government 14, no. 3 (July 31, 2016): 321–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4335/14.3.321-335(2016).
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The current reforms in government and public administration have to also respond to the difficult economic situation caused by the crisis. The use of information and communication technologies including electronic public procurement represent an important tool to increase economy and in some cases, efficiency, too. The goal of this article is to analyse the use of e-procurement in the conditions of Slovakia at the regional self-governing level with the aim to identify those factors influencing e-procurement use. Using qualitative and quantitative research methods and original survey data from our own research collected within the LIPSE project we defined the most important external and internal factors determining e-procurement use at the regional self-government level.
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Jäntti, Anni, Hanna Maria Vakkala, and Lotta-Maria Sinervo. "Challenges of the Implementation of the European Charter of Local Self-Government in Finnish Legislation." Lex localis - Journal of Local Self-Government 17, no. 1 (January 20, 2019): 23–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4335/17.1.23-33(2019).
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In this article, we focus on the challenges for local self-government in Finland. Finnish legislation follows the Articles of the European Charter of Local self-government rather closely. We illustrate how the role of local government as service provider has led to a situation where municipalities are strictly steered by and financially dependent on the national government. Besides this, the burden of public services exposes local government to reforms. Current local government reform by national government challenges local self-government by establishing a regional level of governance. However, it can also bring opportunities for municipalities to focus more on local tasks and decrease the need for strict steering by the state.
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Lobodina, Z., R. Kornatska, and V. Necheporenko. "Interbudgetary transfers as a financial instrument for reducing disparities and intensifying of regional development." Galic'kij ekonomičnij visnik 74, no. 1 (2022): 76–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.33108/galicianvisnyk_tntu2022.01.076.
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Monitoring of socio-economic development of administrative and territorial units was carried out and asymmetry of regional development with a trend towards non-essential reduction of interregional disparities was detected. It was established that the expediency of using interbudgetary transfers is due to the limited resources of local budgets for the proper provision of public services to the population. The reasons for this are the differences in regional development, delegation of powers from the state to local self-government bodies and the need to provide them with a sufficient amount of financial resources. The practice was characterized and the problems of granting subventions to local budgets for the implementation of measures on social and economic development of certain territories were identified. The changes in the amount of budgetary support for the implementation of powers of local self-government bodies as a result of the movement of interbudgetary transfers are analyzed. The algorithm of budget regulation is proposed, which provides for the gradual use of the tools of such regulation and allows to improve the budgetary provision of implementation: delegated powers of local self-government bodies at the expense of state budget resources by ensuring compliance between budgetary resources received from state authorities and their need; their own self-governing powers of local self-government bodies at the expense of directing to their implementation of their own revenues of local budgets in full without diverting part of the budget resources for the implementation of delegated powers. It is recommended to evaluate the effectiveness of budget regulation on the basis of the indicator of the level of provision of budgetary resources delegated by the state to local self-government bodies. The article emphasizes the priority of using such a tool of budget regulation as fixed income in the form of national taxes and fees in full or their share and taking into account when calculating the taxability index of local budgets of revenues of all national taxes and fees assigned to them in the volumes determined by the Budget Code of Ukraine.
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Lobodina, Z., R. Kornatska, and V. Necheporenko. "Interbudgetary transfers as a financial instrument for reducing disparities and intensifying of regional development." Galic'kij ekonomičnij visnik 74, no. 1 (2022): 76–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.33108/galicianvisnyk_tntu2022.01.076.
Full textAbstract:
Monitoring of socio-economic development of administrative and territorial units was carried out and asymmetry of regional development with a trend towards non-essential reduction of interregional disparities was detected. It was established that the expediency of using interbudgetary transfers is due to the limited resources of local budgets for the proper provision of public services to the population. The reasons for this are the differences in regional development, delegation of powers from the state to local self-government bodies and the need to provide them with a sufficient amount of financial resources. The practice was characterized and the problems of granting subventions to local budgets for the implementation of measures on social and economic development of certain territories were identified. The changes in the amount of budgetary support for the implementation of powers of local self-government bodies as a result of the movement of interbudgetary transfers are analyzed. The algorithm of budget regulation is proposed, which provides for the gradual use of the tools of such regulation and allows to improve the budgetary provision of implementation: delegated powers of local self-government bodies at the expense of state budget resources by ensuring compliance between budgetary resources received from state authorities and their need; their own self-governing powers of local self-government bodies at the expense of directing to their implementation of their own revenues of local budgets in full without diverting part of the budget resources for the implementation of delegated powers. It is recommended to evaluate the effectiveness of budget regulation on the basis of the indicator of the level of provision of budgetary resources delegated by the state to local self-government bodies. The article emphasizes the priority of using such a tool of budget regulation as fixed income in the form of national taxes and fees in full or their share and taking into account when calculating the taxability index of local budgets of revenues of all national taxes and fees assigned to them in the volumes determined by the Budget Code of Ukraine.
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Majchierkiewicz, Tatiana. "Polish Regional Elite Career Paths and the Impact of a Multilevel System." Politics in Central Europe 16, no. 1 (April 1, 2020): 283–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pce-2020-0013.
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AbstractThis paper aims to investigate the multilevel careers of members of Polish regional executives from the first direct election to regional parliaments in 1998 until the end of 2014. Formation of self-government in regions is assumed to have started the process of formation of the multilevel system in Poland. Consequently, political career paths began to be diversified and to take place at more than one level. Among the factors with a critical impact on the specificity of Polish regional careers was the fact that regionalisation was preceded by local government reform (1990), and it was assumed that the local elite would become its natural recruitment base. On the one hand, the challenge to the development of the multilevel system has to be recognised. First, regional politics has undergone rather limited professionalisation (only positions in regional executives are full-time political jobs). Second, the legacy of communist centralisation resulted in lukewarm regional decentralisation in 1998. However, one can observe a certain increased prominence of self-government due to access to EU funds and increased financial autonomy. Positions in regional executive boards, especially as heads of regional boards [marszałkowie], have been seen as increasingly attractive career choices for professional politicians. Therefore, modification of the traditional career model is expected, e.g. some inflow of national politicians into regional boards (from positions in the legislature to executive posts).
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Azhari, Ihsan. "The Influence of the Society Self-supporting Development Program (SSDP) Towards Regional Development in Serdang Bedagai Regency." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCE AND BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION 3, no. 5 (2017): 55–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.18775/ijmsba.1849-5664-5419.2014.35.1007.
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Regional Development policy is the whole authority of the Head of the region where the development of the region has a direct impact on society. The direct contribution in policy implementation is anticipated. That is, the principal orientation in improving society’s welfare, so the government policy should reflect the profitable’s development between government and society by presenting the participation in the region. Serdang Bedagai district which is Government people’s participative development policy is “Development Movement Governmental / Gerbang Swara”(The Society Self -Supporting Development Programme / SSDP). Gerbang Swara as a movement is to raise society to build self-support in the which the means and infrastructure needed by society starting from the village and sub-district. There is the participation of society in regional development policy in the participative models by attacking Bedagai Government. The research before shows us there are many problems in the local participation in regional development. The development could be bottom-up development, not top-down development. This research would not criticize the fails or the success of regional development from the research before. This Research is the main strengthening of the model of the which applied in regional development and use the explanatory design and apply survey methods in Serdang Bedagai district. The results of hypothesis testing on each path coefficient Significantly influence the development of the planning region with the direction of the positive relationship. The decision making insignificantly influence on the regional development and going to the negative relationship. Whereas, the dissemination influential is significant on the regional development and going to the positive relations. The implementation influential is significant on the regional development and going to the positive relations. The evaluation process influential is significant on the regional development and going to the positive relations. Conversely, the utilization influential is insignificant on the regional development and going to the positive relations. Although in variable this research is positive and significant but, there are several variables which have no influence or significant impact on regional development.
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Walker, Kemble, and Mariia Plotnikova. "ECOLOGICAL SETTLEMENT AS A SELF-GOVERNMENT MODEL IN RURAL AREAS." Management Theory and Studies for Rural Business and Infrastructure Development 40, no. 3 (September 25, 2018): 416–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/mts.2018.39.
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There is a clear need in rural areas for improved methods of self-government. This study examines the most effective approaches to administration in rural communities. What are the most promising types of rural community management? We aim to assess trends in rural selfrehabilitation and development, including an international analysis of ecological and family homestead settlements as models of future society. These models represent an evolution of the traditional village capable of improving the population's quality of life. Family homestead settlements are the most common form of ecological settlement in Ukraine and foster family values, patriotism to the Homeland and effectively demonstrate successful self-government practices. Governance is achieved by way of the Veche, a collective authority, as well as through public organizations, public-private partnerships, regional and international cooperation.
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Ivanova, A. A. "CONSTITUTIONAL CONSOLIDATION OF LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT: THEORETICAL AND LEGAL APPROACH." Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series Economics and Law 31, no. 3 (June 8, 2021): 421–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2412-9593-2021-31-3-421-431.
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In the article the topical questions of development of local self-government on the basis of requirements of the Constitution of the Russian Federation with the account of constitutional amendments are considered. The author generalizes some discussions of power relations, which are proved by constitutional fixation of local self-government in different historical periods. Theoretical and practical approaches in providing self-government tasks are considered. Attention is focused on revealing problems in legal regulation and law-enforcement practice for applying experience in modern realities. The author characterizes the innovations of the Basic Law, identifying polemical norms. Such as notion and assignment of public authorities, interaction of bodies of state power and bodies of local self-government, participation of federal and regional levels in municipal administration, formation of effective model of organization of activity of bodies of local self-government, offering some ways of solving the examined disputable moments.
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Vagin, V. V., and N. A. Shapovalova. "INITIATIVE BUDGETING AS AN INSTRUMENT OF TERRITORIAL SELF-GOVERNMENT." Economics of Contemporary Russia 86, no. 3 (October 2, 2019): 77–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.33293/1609-1442-2019-3(86)-77-90.
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The article is devoted to the actual issue – institutional analysis of initiative budgeting and territorial public selfgovernment, as well as the possibility of their integration. Over the past few years, a system of civil participation in budget decisions has been built in Russia, the regulatory framework of practices has been created, thousands of employees of state and local government bodies have been trained, project centers have appeared for ensuring development of initiative budgeting. Citizen participation in budget decisions can significantly accelerate the development of the lower level of local government. Initiative budgeting is an innovative instrument of public finance and at the same time a social technology allowing for the real involvement of citizens in the issues of state and municipal governance. Initiative budgeting development programs make it possible to transfer financing of projects aimed at solving local issues with the participation of citizens onto a systemic basis. The results and materials of this study can serve a foundation for theoretical understanding of the institutional development of public finances at the regional and local levels. At the same time, this practical area that was intensively developing in recent years requires deep institutional analysis.
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Lidiia, TKACHENKO. "DEVELOPMENT OF REGIONAL LABOUR MARKETS IN CONDITIONS OF DECENTRALIZATION." ECONOMY AND SOCIOLOGY 2019 NO. 1, no. 2021.1 (July 1, 2021): 110–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.36004/nier.es.2021.1-10.
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The decentralization reform in Ukraine began in 2014 and is aimed at implementing the provisions of the European Charter of Local Self-Government, which provides for the redistribution of powers, resources and responsibilities on the basis of subsidiarity. Currently, local governments are endowed with powers and instruments of influence on enterprises located on their territory, but employment and labour market policies remains the prerogative of the central government. For a comparative analysis of the development of regional labour markets in the context of decentralization, labour force survey indicators are more appropriate, since they reflect the actual policy results from the perspective of households. For the 2015–2019 period in most regions of Ukraine, there was an increase in the level of employment and a decrease in the level of unemployment; at the same time, the gender gap in employment has increased in 16 of 25 regions; the sectoral structure of employment continues to stagnate. Some regions have significantly increased the coverage of public works, but this may indicate not the activity of territorial communities, but the lack of stable employment opportunities. Local self-government bodies should play a key role in the formation and implementation of local employment and the labour market policies, their interaction with the state employment service requiring a corresponding transformation.
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Zimina, N. "MODERN REFORM OF LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT: POLITICAL ANALYSIS." TRANSBAIKAL STATE UNIVERSITY JOURNAL 28, no. 3 (2022): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21209/2227-9245-2022-28-3-57-62.
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The article is devoted to the current state of the problems of reforming local self-government and the direct relationship of political parties to the reform of local self-government in Russia. The subject of the article is the aspects of reforming local self-government in the vision of political parties. The purpose of the article is to study the essence of municipal reform in the party discourse devoted to the problems of constitutional reform of local government at the present stage of development of Russia. This article presents various methods, such as analysis, comparative method, which to a greater extent make it possible to define the conceptual apparatus, to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the current state of local self-government in Russia in the context of municipal reform. The reform of local self-government initiated in 2019 affected the essential constitutional foundations of local government that have existed since the adoption of the Constitution of Russia in 1993. In the new constitutional and legal realities, a qualitatively new model of local self-government in our country has been fixed: the place of local government in the vertical of state power, the territorial basis of local self-government, the structure of local self-government bodies and the procedure for institutionalization of local self-government bodies and officials has changed. The attitude of representatives of political parties to this municipal reform is quite polar, party members do not unequivocally assess the consequences of the reform of local government. The results of the study can be useful in conducting seminars for municipal employees and heads of municipalities, and the results of the article can also be applied in the work of members of political parties and their regional branches, whose members are members of legislative (representative) bodies of Russia and its subjects, in the course of legislative activity
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Ayu Candra, Lina, Muhammad Firdaus, and Nanda Widaninggar. "FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE ANALYSISGOVERNMENT OF JEMBER REGENCY." MBA - Journal of Management and Business Aplication 4, no. 1 (February 11, 2021): 382–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.31967/mba.v4i1.423.
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This study aims to analyze the financial performance of JemberRegency Government in terms of the Regional Financial Self-Sufficiency Ratio, the Effectiveness Ratio of Local Own Revenue and Efficiency Ratio of Local Own Income and the Debt Service Coverage Ratio (DSCR) during 2014-2018. This type of research was quantitative descriptive of the Regional Government Financial Statements (LKPD) of the Jember Regency Government. The data collection techniques used were documentation, interviews, and literature study. Quantitative data analysis was used to calculate the amount of Self-SufficiencyRatio, Effectiveness and Efficiency Ratio, and Debt Service Coverage Ratio. The results showed that: (1) the Ratio of Self-Sufficiency of the Jember Regency Government as measured by Local Own Income (PAD)reached an average of 23% for each year. This condition shows that the Self-Sufficiencyofthe Jember Regency Government wasnot as expected. (2) The effectiveness ratio of PAD collection by the Government of Kabupaten Jember reaches an average of 94%. This condition indicates thatthe PAD collection has been effective. Meanwhile, the efficiency ratio of PAD collection reaches an average of 38% per year. This condition shows that the cost of collecting local revenue tends to be efficient because the efficiency ratio was less than 100%. (3) Debt Service Coverage Ratio (DSCR) in 2014 to 2018 shows that local governments were not eligible to make loans because the DSCR value was less than 2.5.
Keywords:Debt Service Coverage Ratio, EffectivenessRatio, Self-SufficiencyRatio
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Shelton, Dinah. "Self-Determination in Regional Human Rights Law: From Kosovo to Cameroon." American Journal of International Law 105, no. 1 (January 2011): 60–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5305/amerjintelaw.105.1.0060.
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The right of self-determination has long been celebrated for bringing independence and self-government to oppressed groups, yet it remains a highly controversial norm of international law. From the breakup of the Austro-Hungarian and Ottoman Empires after World WarI to the struggle of colonial territories for independence following World War II and the later dissolution of the former Yugoslavia, there has been an unavoidable conflict between the efforts of peoples to achieve independence and the demands of existing states to preserve their territorial integrity.
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Haslam McKenzie, Fiona. "The Challenges of Achieving Community Self-determination and Capacity Building in a Neo-liberal Political Environment." Australian Journal of Primary Health 9, no. 1 (2003): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py03005.
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In Australia over the last 30 years, there has been a shift in federal and state government regional development policies and their engagement with regional communities and regional development. Previously, regional development tended to be a paternalistic and highly centralized, whereas current development policy emphasises entrepreneurialism and self-determination. It is evident from research that, while government policies have used the rhetoric of community self-determination, capacity building and regionalism, de-regulation has undermined the funding necessary to make good the claims. Insistence on self-reliance and the cutting of funding in the name of community autonomy deplete community resources and the pillars of social capital. At the same time, the capacity to work co-operatively, to collaborate, and build trust and networks in order to maintain social cohesion and social capital, undermines the principles of neo-liberalism. Neo-liberalism fails to value unpaid work, community bonds, local knowledge and leadership, and there is limited real acknowledgment by government of their value, nor concern for the future of smaller communities which are undermined by neo-liberalism. This paper examines the associated ambiguities of attaining economic efficiency in a global, neo-liberal economic environment, while at the same time sustaining the social capital of non-metropolitan regional communities and the physical environment in the Central Wheatbelt of Western Australia. It reviews case studies where the notion of capacity building has had meaningful outcomes for rural communities and compares them to other examples where the reality has not matched the rhetoric.
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Powęska, Halina. "SELF-GOVERNMENT BUDGETS AS A SOURCE OF FUNDING OF CULTURE AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IN POLAND: A REGIONAL PERSPECTIVE." Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Oeconomia 18, no. 4 (December 30, 2019): 85–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/aspe.2019.18.4.48.
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Territorial self-governments as structures operating on a regional and local basis are the main source for financing cultural expenditures in Poland. A total of around 70% of all cultural heritage expenses came from commune, county (powiat) and voivodship budgets. Consequently, a research question was asked whether and to what extent the financing of culture from the budgets of territorial self-governments is spatially diverse. The main purpose of this study is to determine the regional differentiation of spending on culture and cultural heritage from local government budgets. An attempt was also made to indicate the reasons for these differences. For statistical analyses the data of the Local Data Bank of the Statistics Poland (Główny Urząd Statystyczny) were used. Regional differentiation was demonstrated regarding the share of culture in the expenditure from local government budgets. The spatial distribution of the phenomenon is the result of the interaction of three factors: the level of socio-economic development, cultural potential, and cultural policy of the voivodship self-governments.
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Nugraha, Hendra Akbar, Fikri Adiyasa Rosidin, Wimba Roofi Hutama, and Muhammad Gaidy Wiratama. "The Authority Concerning the Collection of Groundwater Taxes After the Law No. 23 Year 2014 in the City of Surabaya." Yuridika 35, no. 3 (September 1, 2020): 519. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/ydk.v35i3.17880.
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Groundwater tax is a tax on the extraction and/or utilization of ground water. Based on Act No. 28 of 2009 concerning Local Taxes and Levies, Groundwater Taxes, the authority to collect taxes is carried out by the Municipality Government. Tax collection cannot be levied, what is meant by not being able to be bought is that the entire process of tax collection activities cannot be submitted to third parties. This provision shows that the groundwater tax collection system is a self-assessment system. The purpose of self-assessment is that taxpayers are given full trust to calculate, calculate, pay and self-report taxes owed. With this implementation, the Regional Revenue Service officers who become tax authorities are only tasked with overseeing the implementation of tax obligations by taxpayers. Tax collection cannot be levied, the authority to collect groundwater tax is given to the Provincial Government as stipulated in Act No. 23 of 2014 concerning Regional Government.
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Nikitin, Yurii. "THE URBAN COMMUNITIES OF THE LEFT-BANK UKRAINE IN THE PERIOD OF MODERNIZATION OF THE SECOND HALF OF THE 19TH CENTURY." Kyiv Historical Studies, no. 1 (2018): 80–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2524-0757.2018.1.8084.
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Changes in dynamics and structure of urban population of the Left-bank Ukraine in the second half of the ХІХ century are analyzed in the article. The regional peculiarities of the ethnonational and social composition of urban population are shown. The urban community is characterized as being the overwhelming majority of the population of cities and towns of the Left-bank of Ukraine. The types of occupations of urban citizens and their place in the social hierarchy of the city are outlined. The main religious groups in the cities of left-bank Ukrain and their impact on the community life are considered. Common features and regional peculiarities in the formation of city self-government bodies, the percentage of population that took part in the formation of self-government bodies are presented. Based on the use of the method of historical statistics, the educational level of urban residents who participated in the activities of self-government bodies, are determined. The reasons for the ineff ectiveness of self-governing bodies are stated.
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Fedirko, Mykhajlo, and Julia Krivohizha. "REGIONAL ASPECTS OF TARIFF POLICY OF MUNICIPAL HEATING ENTERPRISES." Regional’ni aspekti rozvitku produktivnih sil Ukraїni, no. 23 (2018): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/rarrpsu2018.23.010.
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The regional aspects of tariff regulation of municipal heat and power enterprises are investigated. The approaches to the formation of tariffs at the regional level are determined. The economic efficiency of tariff policy taking into account the powers of local self-government bodies is analyzed. Recommendations for improving tariff policy are developed.
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RADPEY, LOQMAN. "Kurdish Regional Self-rule Administration in Syria: A new Model of Statehood and its Status in International Law Compared to the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) in Iraq." Japanese Journal of Political Science 17, no. 3 (August 12, 2016): 468–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1468109916000190.
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AbstractHaving been supressed and denied their rights by successive Syrian governments over the years, Syrian Kurds are now asserting ade factoautonomy. Since the withdrawal of the Syrian President's forces from the ethnically Kurdish areas in the early months of the current civil war, the inhabitants have declared a self-rule government along the lines of the Kurdistan regional government in northern Iraq. For Syrian Kurds, the creation of a small autonomous region is a dream fulfilled, albeit one unrecognized by the international community. Some 15% to 17% of the Syrian population is Kurdish. Whether they can achieve statehood will depend on a reading of international law and on how the international community reacts. There are certain aspects which differentiate Kurdish self-rule in Syria from its counterpart in Iraq.