Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Régionalisme (architecture) – France – Bretagne (France)'
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Le, Couédic Daniel. "Les architectes et l'idée bretonne : 1904-1945." Brest, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BRES1004.
Full textThere was in brittany, during the first half of our century, a very keen interest in architecture, whether taught, practised or analyzed. Architecture was seen as the best means to express an identity which many wated to exalt and keep up. History, geography and ethnology were then enlisted to prove that there was a duty to be inspired by the past, that there was a need to comply to comply to unwritten rules, or to face modern approaches according to national patterns. After outlining the situation before this period, the thesis deals with the debate in which most of the local elites got involved and which extended to politics. It details the various attempts, whether they failed or succeeded, whether the outcome was half-baked or plain caricature, from which originated the present attitudes and even present decisions. This thesis puts forward a system of references to identify and to rate the theories which made use of breton images and facts to give new tasks to the architect, to bring in new architectural patterns, and even to define a new concept : the region
Bouju, Périg. "Architecture et lieux de pouvoir en Bretagne : xVIIIe-XXe siècle." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00652518.
Full textFournis, Yann. "Les régionalismes en Bretagne : la région et l'Etat : structures et dynamiques des répertoires d'action 1950-2000." Rennes 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004REN1G010.
Full textThe thesis discusses the recombining of the construction of the territorial orders in France, starting from regionalism in Brittany during the time 1950-2000. The area, considered as an institutional matrix, is born in Brittany from institutionalization of three types of regionalism (cultural, political and economic), largely organized compared to the including State. Each one of these regionalisms, observed over long time, historically produced a specific contribution to the consolidation of a regional level within the territorial society. The examination of the convergence of these three regionalisms opens to conceive regionalism like a dynamics of a effective but modest order - what obliges in fine to reconsider te role of the national State in the construction of the regional territories
Courtot, Lionel. "L'ethnodifférentialisme breton : de la revendication d'une identité culturelle à l'affirmation d'une identité politique." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006STR20018.
Full textThe Breton identity phenomenon, its assertion in an opposition to the others that can be called "ethnodifferentialist", whose demonstrations all have to be observed and whose symbolical scope has to be analyzed define the framework of this study. It is a sociological, symbolic or political analysis of an identity symptom which can not only be read on a national scale but in a new supra-national perspective. The first part of this study deals with the contemporary Breton identity and then tackles the political consequences of its claim. Much more than a work on the Breton identity, this thesis is an answer to a question which deals with a society phenomenon. It is a sociologic analysis which deals with a political issue. The purpose of this approach consists in the will to determine how the notion of identity becomes and ideological issue. It goes even further since it leads to questioning the issue of “identity drifts” or (better said) unacceptable behaviour towards ethno-nationalism leading to a controversial debate over the real aims of the exalters of the so-called “Bretonnitude”. The contemporary expression of a culture can be a modern and recent creation, far from tradition. Very often the political vision which aims at protecting and identity is created by active minorities, often coming from the elites of the nation, who spread an idealized culture and who refer to preconceived symbols. They partly elaborate the Breton culture. What turns this present work into something original is its quite critical empirical dimension. It illustrates what happens at local level in the recognition of a cultural and political movement in complete transformation, at the heart of the political construction of Europe. In the uncertainty of the economic future of the region, identity assertiveness can lead passionate individuals to unacceptable behaviour
Callac, Emmanuelle. "Ethnologie de la poésie : un exemple en Bretagne." Paris, EHESS, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EHES0221.
Full textGeelhoed, Sandra. "Éditeurs, livres et passions en Alsace et en Bretagne : imaginaires, subjectivités, créativité sociale." Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EHES0056.
Full textThe objective of this PhD project was to understand the deployment and development of publishing houses since 1980 in the French regions and in Brittany and Alsace in particular. One of the principal hypotheses was that this was linked to the quest for recognition of cultural difference. The research results show that the action of publishers and the books in Alsace and in Brittany are linked to different social dynamics. In Brittany, publishers act following a logic of production, whereas in the Alsace, the renaissance of publishing in the 1980ies is based on a logic of reproduction. These publishers draw upon the continuity and heritage of XlXth century Alsatian publishing and refer also to the rich regional printing tradition since 1450. The study not only underlines transformations that occur in the publishing sector, but gives also deeper insides in the social changes on the local level. More generally, these two cases show that the return to the past and to the roots seems to prepare local and social imaginaries for the emergent transnational condition of society
Kernalegenn, Tudi. "Une approche cognitive du régionalisme : identités régionales, territoires, mouvements sociaux en Bretagne, Ecosse, et Galice dans les années 1970." Rennes 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011REN1G040.
Full textThe theme of this thesis is that the region can be analyzed as a cognitive tool for addressing social issues on a territorial basis, that is to say as a resource as much as a given or a project. The second proposal that structures the text is that the region is a polycentric construction, that the regionalist and regionalizing actors are more diverse than is generally perceived, and that one cannot understand the social, identity, and cognitive density of a region without analyzing these actors and recognizing their regional role. To test and support these two hypotheses, the demonstration follows an approach both historical and theoretical focusing on three regions with a “strong identity”, Brittany, Scotland and Galicia, and concentrating on the 1970s, which are characterized by a reinvestment of the regional question in Western Europe. To lay the foundations for the comparison, the first step is the analysis of the ideological opportunities structure in the three regions through a socio-historical approach. The thesis then examines the social movements of the years 1968 and 1972 as a cognitive shock, which have enabled the challenge of the national doxa and the emergence of a master frame of regional injustice. The demonstration finally focuses on six non-regionalist left-wing organisations (PSU and CFDT in Brittany, CCOO and PCG in Galicia, and STUC and CPGB in Scotland), highlighting their role in the social construction of the regional territory, especially through their use of the region as a cognitive tool, which enables them to territorialize their political analysis
Vigato, Jean-Claude. "Le régionalisme dans le débat architectural en France, de 1900 à 1945." Brest, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BRES0001.
Full textLe, Bollan Christophe. "La construction des grandes gares de la ligne Rennes-Brest : (1842-1937)." Rennes 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REN20010.
Full text@This thesis, since the law of the 11 th june 1842 until to the nationalization of french railway's network in 1938, shows the roles which played successively the " Compagnie des Chemins de fer de l'Ouest " ( 1857-1908 ) and the " Compagnie des Chemins de fer de l'Etat " ( 1909-1937 ) in the architectural, spatial and technical development of the famous railway stations from Rennes-Brest 's line. Trough the examples of Rennes, Saint-Brieuc and Brest's railway stations, the analysis introduces the notion of railway area including the study of the public spaces ( reception of passengers ) and the technical spaces ( merchandises and marshalling's railways stations, military and industrial junctions, depositories, equipment's maintenance shop, annexes, harbour stations, agents lodgings, and common stations ). The themes here tackled treat of urban layout's processe, of architectural characteristics of building and civil engineering works, as well as practices or technical innovations
Autissier, Anne. "La sculpture romane en Bretagne, XIe-XIIe siècles." Poitiers, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001POIT5010.
Full textDoucet, Hervé. "Art nouveau et régionalisme : Emile André (1871-1933), architecte et artiste." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004VERS009S.
Full textEmile André (1791-1933) is one of the most dynamic art nouveau architects of Nancy. He was initiated to architecture by his father, Charles André, and completed his studies at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts of Paris (in Victor Laloux's workshop). He undertook several trips that lead him as for as Persia and which sparked in him a passion for the Muslim art. In 1900, he settled down in his home town of Nancy as an architect and interior designer and was one of the founding members of the Alliance provinciale des inustries d'art (the Nancy school) headed by Emile Gallé. While firmly rooted in the trend of his native region, the Lorraine, his early architectural and decorative works were often influenced by the contemporary creation, in particular the German and Belgian one, which was largely spread across the borders by the artistic press. He, then, rapidly turned to a more regional aesthetic and was to remain faithful to it for the rest of his career. Far from limiting himself to the cocetption of luxurious villas for wealthy Nancy families, and contrary to prominent art nouveau architects, he designed several types of Workers'house units commissioned by the region's main industrial companies. He also devoted himself to the reconstruction of numerous villages in Lorraine that had been destroyed during World War I. His projects shows a concern for combining the traditional architectural features of Lorraine farmhouses with new construction techniques and modern hygiene standards. His career is characterised by a succession of collaboration with other architects (Henry-Barthélémy Gutton, Paul Charbonnier, Gaston Meunier, Henri Dufour, Jean Walter) and epitomizes the evolution of the profession during the first thirty years of the twentieth century. Indeed, there is a shift from the architect as an artist creating unique pieces of architecture to the architect producing plan for serialised projects
Amiot, Christophe. "Lignages et châteaux en Bretagne avant 1350." Rennes 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999REN20039.
Full text@Lineages and castles in Brittany before 1350 tries to account for the fortified civilian architectural production and its initiators from the XIth century until the war of Succession. This research, divided in five parts, based especially on a document known as Livre des Ostsz, begins with a study of the building families, giving a rather comprehensive vision of the great Breton feudal society in 1294. The members of the ducal lineage are first introduced, then presented by bailiffs, the medieval districts of that period. Family trees then help to understand the descendants ; The second chapter, based on a deliberatly reduced selection of the period's castles, studies first motte and bailey castels and fortifieds houses, and second walled castles. It tries to offer a broad vision of Bretons castles production in spite of an extreme scarcity of the corpus. This chapter corresponds to 285 spots, visited, a majority of which were generally or partly surveyed. The detail of the constituant parts of the castels is dealt with in a third part and reviews main tower, flanking towers, entrance outworks, curtain walls and instide buildings. The fourth part deals with the residencial buildings. Few of them remain, but of the rare availibles ones, a general vision is given, followed by a description of chapel and hall, often the only surviving elements of the structure. Afterwards, other elements such as fireplaces, bays and stairways are describe more specifically. Once Breton castles have been placed in their historical and geographical context and having shown the importance of the existing substratum, main arteries and stream, the fifth part deals with the defensive functions as a prelimitary to the study of architectural elements as defensive access, murder-holes and copings. Several observations about judicial questions concerning the castles and this study
Quere, Bernard. "La communication scientifique et technique par les outils graphiques, de 1750 à 1850, dans le contexte de la Bretagne." Paris, EHESS, 2005. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00012205.
Full textThis study focuses on the evolution and use of graphic tools in the relations between the conceivers and makers of technical objects and systems. It is based on an analysis of technical and scientific publications and books dealing with areas of activity such as shipbuilding, civilian architecture and mechanics. The study of that material published between 1750 and 1850 leads to considerations on the eye-draught, on perspective, on descriptive geometry and orthogonal projections. The choice of shipbuilding is an attempt to define the place of technical design as instrumental in description and construction. Design in the mechanical arts has been studied for the part it plays as a means of information, for its relevance in the description of the working and making of technological objects and systems. These considerations, initially limited to the context of Brittany, have been extended to the whole country; the language studied, being of universal value, couldn't be restricted within geographical boundaries. In order to give the study a sharper focus, the international dimension has deliberately been overlooked. The pluridisciplinary character of technical design has been pointed out, as well as the demands impllied in its implementation. Technical design is indeed connected to applied mechanics, physics, geometry and so on. . . The transcription of technical projects on blueprints becomes then a tool for the transmission of scientific and technical knowledge as well as for technical how-how. It is made use of by scholars and engineers in various areas of traditional and industrial production. The design is part of the contract between conceiver and maker. The evolution of the designer's art, with its underlying scientific and technical knowledge will also be touched upon here. Because of the extension of the areas of human production, it will be necessary to set up the training of the people involved, at all levels of skills. This study takes us to the treshold of Golden Age of technical design between 1750 and 1850, a prelude to age of the research consultancy with its now ubiquitous comuterised environment
Le, Pabic Christophe. "La demeure privée rurale en Bretagne aux XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles : modernité et historicité." Paris 8, 2004. http://portaildocumentaire.citechaillot.fr/search.aspx?SC=theses&QUERY=cour+ouverte#/Detail/%28query:%28Id:%270_OFFSET_0%27,Index:1,NBResults:1,PageRange:3,SearchQuery:%28CloudTerms:!%28%29,ForceSearch:!t,Page:0,PageRange:3,QueryString:pabic,ResultSize:10,ScenarioCode:theses,ScenarioDisplayMode:display-standard,SearchLabel:%27%27,SearchTerms:pabic,SortField:!n,SortOrder:0,TemplateParams:%28Scenario:%27%27,Scope:%27%27,Size:!n,Source:%27%27,Support:%27%27%29%29%29%29.
Full textConsidered as an -historical subject, rural private dwelling can be integrated into the sphere of modernity due to its emergence in recent centuries, marked by the spread of new social manners, the appearance of architecture treatises and the urban development. With the help of archives and a corpus of 17th-and 18th - centuries breton buildings, the method is combining history and social science allow to study the relations between inhabitants and their habitations. The internal organization results from the existence of architectural devices permitting some selected areas and passages according to the occupant’s status. The technical factors related to the hierarchical organization of the society limit the evolution of forms. The relations between the rural community and the urban/learned community define the factors that influenced rural construction and some normative views of state institutions. Since the 18th c. , the private habitation has been part and parcel of technical and moral concerns
Duhem, Sophie. "Sablières sculptées de Bretagne : images, ouvriers du bois et culture paroissiale au temps de la prospérite bretonne (XVe-XVIIe s.)." Rennes 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997REN20022.
Full textThis research offers an original aspect of the Breton artistic creation: the production of carved beams' frames, designed between the XVth and the XVIIth century. The composed iconographical catalogue-free from any large scale investigation until now - offers, for us to study, several thousands of images and one subject that allows us to start on the problems raised by the inventory's methodology and the questions debated on within the historical research. This study shows the difficulties linked to a patrimony's inventory and sets out the methods used during the serial inquiry accomplished in the field. The interest in a photographic background, the usefulness of the data computerization, the management of a large iconographical catalogue, and finally, the image processing, are the main points treated prior to the carved beams' historical and iconographical study. The study of the order's context as well as the people involved - clerks, manufactures and craftsmen - but also the one of the iconographical choices and the circulating patterns allow us to understand better the native of this production and to go back to the usual use of the expression "popular art". More widely, this research fits in with the study of the Bretons' cultural environment: mediaeval and reviving pictures chosen by the woodcarvers give precious indications of the interests and artistic culture of men between the XVth and the XVIIth century. This iconography also enriches our knowledge of the parish life and the religious behaviours of the Bretons in the "ancien regime". The chronological extent of the catalogue notably provides the opportunity to understand the cultural changes occuring in the catholic reform's wake
Le, floch Mathieu. "La Bretagne contre l'État ? : condition du maintien et de la reproduction des frontières de la bretonnité au XXIe siècle." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0003.
Full textReferences to Breton identity alternate between the expression of a nationally appropriated identity and that of an identity forged through conflict with central and peripheral relations imposed by the State. This dual relationship to Breton identity, which leads to ambiguity with regard to the relationship to the State, serves to maintain the boundaries of the Breton identity. Thanks to decolonization and globalization movements, markers of a relationship of cultural, economic and political dominance, which could have been stigmatizing symbols of Breton identity, have become symbols of prestige but also of opposition - whether conscious or unconscious - to this domination. The conflictual aspect of Breton identity has found renewed expression with the development of the global free market, new technology and the globalization of exchanges and Europeanization of politics, which has redefined the distance between the center and the periphery
Delamarre, Barbara. "Les églises romanes de Bretagne : une production artistique médiévale et sa réception contemporaine." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN20004.
Full textThe Romanesque architecture of Brittany is one of the great forgotten of research. Disrepute in the nineteenth centuryfor not obeying the models prescribe by the theory of Regional Schools, it will be investigated locally, piece by piece, with noreal major study before 1958. Half a century after the publication of the work of Roger Grand (Romanesque art in Brittany, Picard), a new perspective had to be given, in the light of new discoveries and methodological developments. An inventory of major buildings is presented in a catalog of notes, as a basis for the analysis and definition of the architectural design in Brittany in the eleventh and twelfth centuries. Romanesque art developed in Brittany, as elsewhere, original forms, adaptedto local materials but sometimes watered by remote references. It appears that the lack of knowledge of this heritage is more an effect of recent historical phenomena than of the poor quality of it. If the Romanesque period was dismissed in regional historical studies this is a phenomenon of rewriting Breton history, a regional novel, begun in the 1830s and, in part,still running
Guezo, Gilles. "Les ponts métalliques routiers sur les estuaires bretons, 1830 – 1930 : Contre vents et marées: légèretéet rigidité." Rennes 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010REN20016.
Full textBy a circular, in 1832, Government ask the administration to «search means to replace ferries by bridges». Most of the cities in Brittany are located near to the sea. The very indented coastline complicates surface communications between coastal localities. Opportunely, new suspension bridges are able to cross Breton short coastal rivers estuaries without intermediate supports; several ferries can be replaced by a fixed connexion as far back as the 1830s. When it’s blowing a gale, the wind is the enemy of those light civil engineering works. Engineers and constructors endeavour to solve the apparent contradiction between a necessary economy of materials and rigidity of bridges against wind and road transport development. The history of these metallic civil engineering works, mostly suspended, sometimes in an arch or a beam, and even with more innovative structural design, follows engineers story and engineers training story. Ingénieurs des Ponts et Chaussées, civil engineers, and constructors, work within a complex relationship, where the common aim, the bridge good achievement, have to fit to financial interests of some and surveying obligations of others. Iron and steel metallurgy progress, new materials appearance, motorcar invention, mechanization, and more widely, road transport development in relation with growth and diversification of economic exchanges, are a part of the context of this thesis; administrative or political hesitations and rivalries, are the other side of the backdrop. In 1930, the reinforced concrete bridge, built by Freyssinet over Elorn river, marks the end of steel supremacy on large span bridges over Breton estuaries
Browne, Micheál. "L’air du logement : recherches d'un minimum spatial France-Belgique-Grande-Bretagne, 1780-1880." Paris, CNAM, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003CNAM0460.
Full textLegitimised by physiological criteria established since the 18th century, the research of a space minimum per occupant in the 19th century partakes of the attempts to adjust domestic space to the organic body. Situated on the fringe of several disciplines – town planning, architecture, building, medicine, biology, chemistry and physics – it questions the relation between theory and practice. Characteristic of the history of technology, this interdisciplinary questioning constitutes the essential of the present problematic. However, as shown by the comparative study, the definition of a space minimum does not escape the socio-economic constraints of housing. Even if the argumentation medicalizes itself, the domestic space medicalization is partial. The definition of a space minimum per occupant in the 19th century consists less in a domestic air medicalization than in an indoor air domestication
Letiembre, isabelle. "Maîtres d'oeuvre et commanditaires de la demeure privée en Bretagne au XVIIIe siècle : les constructions du bassin rennais et de l'arrière-pays malouin." Rennes 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000REN20015.
Full textIn the 18th century in Brittany a good number of private residences were erected mainly initiated by members of Parliament and merchants. First it was necessary to wonder about the initiators of the project -civil engineers and local architects- in charge of giving plans and of building these edifices ; it clear y appears that these persons where gathered within a socioprofessional group unrecognized until then : training, tools, financial conditions ; professionnal relationships ; social life ; family links. . . The Breton members of Parliament -who moreover belonged essentially to the old nobility of Brittany- and the freshly ennobled merchants of Saint-Malo where the main owners of these private edifices- country et private mansions. The fact that they belong to the same social category and friendly relations favoured the awareness of a cast within these groups. However the part of their fortune that they devoted to this realisations was not necessarily important. It is telling of the architecture of the Age of the Enlightment in Brittany : we are not faced with real architectural programms in the province. The edifices of the actual region of Ille-et-Vilaine certainly show the general characteristics of the French architecture of the 18th century but don't particularly distinguished themselves
Leonetti, Antoine-Jean. "Les autonomies administratives en matière culturelle en Espagne, au Royaume-Uni et en France." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010319.
Full textThe purpose of administrative autonomy in matter of culture is to protect the artist against all political interferences (autonomy of the cultural field towards the political field), and to protect all the expressions of culture, concerning living arts or cultural memory (cultural identities, heritage). Also, autonomous administrations must only deal with cultural subjects. Spain, U. K. And France have experienced various types of autonomy since the renaissance. Today, the autonomy appears in spain in the case of autonomous communities arts departments, in the U. K. With the nations' arts councils (based on the arm's length principle) and the regional arts boards, and in France with the cultural decentralization. The constitutional dispositions about art facilities and multiculturalism - objects of real "cultural constitutions", even if not written - are still very different according to the countries. Although international law and european law are in favour of a recognition of cultural minorities at a national level, france refuses constitutionnally such recognition. Nevertheless, some convergences do appear between the three countries, with the multiplication of autonomies at a local level, and the developpement, by supreme court decisions (Spain) or statutes (France, U. K. ), of concurrent cultural competences between the different public authorities in each country. In france, the notion of "pays" since a 1995 act may compensate today the local authorities' lack of cultural identities. Yet, the strong politisation of arts administration challenges the reality of administrative autonomies in matter of culture
Delignon, Gaëlle. "Urbanisme et architecture balnéaires de Saint-Malo-Paramé : l'invention d'un site (1840-1940)." Rennes 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998REN20008.
Full textFrom the middle of the 19th century, the British sea-bathing practises are imported in France, mainly by members of the aristocracy. From 1840, in Saint-Malo, new urban areas are growing outside of the walls, from the focal point of the beach, with bathing machines, a grand hotel and a casino nearby. The ancient shipping and fishing activities are quickly replaced by new seasonal leisure practises. At the end of the 19th century, Parame, the rural extension of Saint-Malo, is discovered by a powerful banker who turns the unbuilt and sandy site of the village into a new town, based on a regular grid. The urban space is based on the centre formed by remarkable buildings, like palaces, casinos and piers. The group of resorts of the emerald coast are linked, at the turn of the century, equally by boat, by train or by tram. The tourist requires an individual house, which is the only way to create a new relationship with the maritim environment. Therefore, the villa presents some specific points, in relation to the landscape, to the new practise of domesticity, and to the theory in the field of domestic architecture. The series of villas built during the eclectic period give way, after first world war, to a regional production, trying to mix rural and modern influences. As seaside architecture is indeed a branch of domestic architecture, and considering the perfect present conservation state of the villas of Saint-Malo, these must be preserved by individuals, as well as councils
Michel, Youenn. "De la tolérance a l’intégration : l’école et l’enseignement des langues régionales en france, du régime de vichy aux années 198." Paris 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040155.
Full textThe history of Education in France, for regional languages and cultures, mirrors the relations between State and local authorities. It also hinges on the history and evolution of Education policies and teaching, the study of identity representations and the sociology of Education. Since the French Revolution, one of Education’s main goals has been integration through the teaching of the French language. So what has become of the teaching of regional cultures in French schools during the second half of the XXth century? From the Vichy regime to the 80’s, albeit some differences from one region’s aim to another, the teaching system has evidenced a strong will to raise awareness to local cultural heritage and to encourage optional lessons in regional languages. This is why research must investigate the motivations of the teachers and students involved, as well as what determines the introduction of local cultural references into the culture of Education
Le, Squère Roseline. "Une analyse sociolinguistique des marquages du territoire en Bretagne : toponymie, affichage bilingue, identités culturelles et développement régional." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00189245.
Full textTumoine, Pascale. "L'église Saint-Pierre et Saint-Paul de Bazouges-La-Pérouse : étude monographique." Rennes 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987REN20004.
Full textBefore the gothic church - built between the 12th and the 16th centuries - was two pre-Romans buildings situated side by side. Artificially reunified, this construction was astonishing. It structure was composed of six irregulars parallels parts, which had different heights, and four longitudinal steps in the middle; the belfry wasn't in the center. This church was spacious and dark. It was damaged during the revolution and the edifice was built again - almost completely - during the 19th century. Then, it was been turned to the west side, broadly open on the city; the principal front is over hanged by a neogothic belfry. The church has some gothic vestiges (vault, columns) and beautiful stained glass window
Aquilina, Manuelle. "Regards sur le Moyen Age, émergence et mise en communication d'un patrimoine médiéval : les remparts urbains aux XIXème et XXème siècles en Bretagne." Rennes 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005REN20007.
Full textAt the beginning of the 19th century, Breton towns are constricted by their medieval walls. Two centuries later, they feel proud of having preserved and enhanced this heritage. When the upkeep of urban walls became the bailiwick of Breton municipalities, the old fortifications were dealt with as any other piece of real estate, still, urbanistic inertia furthered passive preservation. The wish to preserve this historical heritage, backed by local erudites, merged at national level with the steps followed by the Commission for Historical Monuments. The acknowledgement of ramparts as historical monuments, both by populations and municipalities, resulted in numerous efforts which at times only occurred very late in the 20th century. Nevertheless, after a problematic integration into the sphere of heritage, medieval walls have become a major asset in the field of media communication over the last twenty years, and they are often used to back up the patrimonial communication of towns
Louart, Agnès. "Dol-de-Bretagne, un espace politque [sic] fortifié au Moyen-Âge." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28497.
Full textLunven, Anne. "Construction de l’espace religieux dans les diocèses de Rennes, Dol et Alet/Saint-Malo : Approches historique et archéologique de la formation des territoires ecclésiastiques (diocèse, paroisse et cadres intermédiaires) entre le Ve et le XIIIe siècle." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012REN20010.
Full textOur work aimed to understand the formation of ecclesiastical territories of Rennes, Dol and Alet/Saint-Malo dioceses between the fifth and thirteenth centuries. Our focus on these three dioceses of Haute Bretagne is justified by thecrossroads between two theorised systems of ecclesiastical organisation. On the one hand, the Episcopal see of Rennes originated from gallo-frankish tradition and, on the other hand, Episcopal sees of Alet/Saint-Malo and Dol which evolved until ninth century due to the Celtic Church, in the framework of Breton emigration west of the Vilaine. In the first model, ecclesiastical structures were inherited from antique civil districts, contrary to the second model where the Church wasestablished following criteria that were more based on community than territory. Based on textual analysis and archaeology, especially from funeral sites and religious buildings, we intend to show that Church, in the Breton zone as in the Frankish zone, did not always have the same relationship to space. It was only between the eleventh and twelfth centuries, in the context of Gregorian Reform that Church emerged as a temporal institution, dedicated to taking charge of population. The creation of parishes, diocese, archdeaconries and deaneries followed the same dynamics: the affirmation of bishop as an autonomous power, who, as holder of sacredness, have exerted a spiritual authority beyond that exerted by churches or clerics dependents on his jurisdiction
Le, Boulc'h Anne-Claude. "La cathédrale de Dol, étude architecturale." Paris 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040153.
Full textDol cathedral is a good example of religious gothic architecture in the XIIIth century. Before analyzing the architecture of this cathedral, we have first studied the history of the see in order to situate the construction of the cathedral in his historic context, which was marked by a conflict opposing the bishops of Dol and the archbishops of tours. The analysis of the architecture of the west facade and of the nave have showed that two different architects have built the occidental parts of the cathedral. The first one, who came from Normandy, has done the first level, and the second architect, who seems to be an English man, have built the upper parts. Both of them have tried to integrate to the facade an older tower, which have been partly destroyed during the XVIth century. The first phase of the work took place between 1250 and 1265, and the second one around 1265-1275. The transept and the choir, which have been done by a third team, have been built during only one phase and show a very homogeneous style. The architecture of the east part of the cathedral is very close to the English architecture of the end of the XIIIth century. This work have been built between 1275 and the beginning of the XIVth century. This cathedral, even if built by three different teams, is very homogenous and is very original in France
Guitton, Laurent. "Pouvoir et société au miroir des vices : représentations des péchés, normes et identités dans la Bretagne médiévale (XIIe-début XVIe siècles)." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN20023.
Full textThis research aims to highlight the place of sin in discourses in the Duchy of Brittany from the 12th to the early 16th century. The study is based on both written and iconographical sources (pastoral care production, normative documents of the Church and the State Breton, literary and moralistic works of the ducal court, sculptures from Romanesque period and late Middle Ages).Sin appears to be a key to understanding the world and its evolution : it is a major historical causality since the beginning of mankind ; it serves the representation of the ethnic or religious otherness ; it is an useful device to apprehend collective identities of any kind (professional, class, order, or gender identities) ; finally, it establishes the place of the individual in society. The recurring association of dominated classes with the sins of the flesh and the appearence of a ‘political geography’ of princes ‘sinners’ enemies of Britain (greedy, lazy, homosexual...) are two examples of a such socio-Political use of vices.As an instrument of guilt trip from Christian morality, the massive use of sin in the dominant discourses in Britain come up from the "Gregorian" reform of the twelfth century. Later, the scholars of the ducal court of Montfort begin to use these discourses to legitimize the power of their prince. In both cases, sin becomes a powerful agent in theeffort to moral normalization of society and power in the Middle Ages
Descat, Sophie. "Deux architectes-urbanistes dans l'Europe des Lumières : Pierre-Louis Moreau et George Dance à Paris et à Londres (1763-1815)." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010671.
Full textPascu, Gabriela. "Le patrimoine industriel - minier Facteur de développement territorial : Complexité et enjeux en Roumanie, en comparaison avec la France et la Grande-Bretagne." Thesis, Saint-Etienne, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STET2204/document.
Full textThesis topic is of great interest : What is the future of former mining settlements, small and medium, from Romania and Europe? What role can have the industrial mining heritage - in this context ? The motivations of the study are multiple: the weak knowledge of the scale and effects of the abandonment of mining areas, the poor knowledge of Romanian industrial- mining heritage, etc.For analyzing the evolution of the Romanian mining industry, it is required its inclusion in the European context, using as references Great Britain and France. The methodology is different depending on the country.The thesis is structured in three parts and conclusions. The first part contains a research of the historical evolution of the mining industry. In the second part, the study is restrained at the three countries: Great Britain, Franceand Romania. Based on English, Scottish and especially French case studies are highlighted working methods and strategies which promote the mining heritage, in the context of territorial development.ln the third part, the study is restrained at Romania. A fïrst step is the inventory of mining settlements from three counties to establish the type portrait of Romanian mining settlement. AIso this part contains the research and the intervention methodology for the Romanian case and the proposing of strategies for the regions of Ghelari, Brad and Jiu Valley.The conclusions of the thesis are diverse from the implications of the mining industry at European level, types of interventions on the mining heritage, economic and social methods, Romanian mining settlements characteristics and similarities in Europe, strategies and recommendations
Siloret, Martin. "La structuration partisane de l'écologie politique : une comparaison Bretagne-Pays de Galles (1974-1995)." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REN20038/document.
Full textThis thesis analyses the structuring of green political parties from a comparative perspective and at a regional (sub-national) scale, from 1974 to 1995. We study five dimensions of this process: organisational structuring, evolution of cleavages with other political parties, electoral and strategic evolutions, careers of activists, and media coverage (including a study of green media). Our research highlights several processes taking place at regional and local levels which have a decisive influence on the national scale (e. g. the crucial part played by regional federations in the unification of LesVerts in 1984 and early strategic evolutions at a local level) as well as the regional impact of dynamics developing at the European level, above all after the formation of a Green group in the European Parliament in 1984. In both regions, the Green parties are shaped first of all by the cleavages opposing (or relating) them to other parties and by the careers of their activists, two factors from which also stem serious internal conflicts. In Brittany, the impact of May 1968 followed by a successful movement against nuclear power have contributed to the transformation of the green movement into apolitical force but Les Verts have then remained very fragile as an organisation, despite significant electoral gains from 1989 onwards. In Wales, the green movement as a specific force is weakened by the strength of the regionalist movement, the opposition to nuclear weapons from many Labour Party activists and the fact that many Green Party activists in Wales are newcomers from England. The Wales Green Party thus obtains low electoral results but nevertheless succeeds in making its campaigns and activism durable
Guillouët, Jean-Marie. "Contribution à l'étude de la sculpture du XVe siècle : la façade de la cathédrale de Nantes." Paris 4, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA040145.
Full textOpened by the Duke in april 1434, the building in Nantes of a new cathedral shows the beginning of a new architectural impetus in XVth century Brittany. By pursueing a policy of neutrality, often tinged with opportunism during the 100 year war, the duchy of Brittany drew many artists probably escaping the troubles in the kingdom and looking for new patrons. .
Massire, Hugo. "Pierre Dufau architecte (1908-1985) : un libéral discipliné : parcours, postures, produits." Thesis, Tours, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOUR2031.
Full textActive from the late 1930s to the 1980s, Pierre Dufau (1908-1985) is one of the leading performers in the French architecture during the ‘Trente Glorieuses’ period, due to the quantitative importance of his built production. Specialized in office buildings, public buildings and facilities, he was also involved in the field of urban planning by designing the reconstruction plan of the city of Amiens, and thirty years later by being responsible for the conception of the ‘Nouveau Créteil’ masterplan, in Paris suburbs. Pierre Dufau is relatively unnoticed in the historiography of contemporary architecture, similarly to many architects of his generation, although recipients of public work orders, and most of the time recipients of the ‘Prix de Rome’. The details of his production reveal the complexity of a professional career where, motivated by both commercial strategy and conviction, the architect ultimately converted to modernist theses after a youth marked by respect for the lessons of classicism. As a prolific writer but without being a theorist nor a teacher, Pierre Dufau strived to give through his posthumous memoirs a meaning to his professional path. In this thesis, we propose to go beyond the plastic and technical analysis of the buildings to focus on the rationality of their production cycle and the coherence of the discourse that accompanies a work essentially unnoticed in the history of art so far. We also study the temporality of Dufau's critical reception with the support of the inventory of his office’s unpublished archives, most of the time original
Desrondiers, Carine. "L’art de la Serrurerie en Bretagne aux XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles." Thesis, Paris 4, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA040044.
Full textThe Art of Locksmithery in Britany in the 17th and 18th centuries highlights the art of iron forged – a section of the decorative arts in between architecture, furniture design and ornament that has become the “Cinderella of arts” over the ages.Records based research and on-site investigations were conducted in five dioceses - Finistère, Côtes-d’Armor, Morbihan, Ille-et-Vilaine and Loire-Atlantique, which Britany included before the French Revolution- and resulted in a synthetic essay about history and art. The first part analyses the original background and the evolution of the community of locksmiths in Britany from the study of charters, statuses and their application. The second part presents individual locksmiths in their social and family environment as well as through their training as craftsmen with the main steps of their professional life – apprenticeship, companionship and mastering. The third part deals with the contractors, the ordering process and the creation of pieces of work - key, lock, knocker, grille, balcony, bracket, lectern... - from the workshop to the Breton buildings, a few of which still feature some of those creations.The works catalogue and the biographical dictionary (1200 entries) illustrate and offer other documenting tools for further social and cultural studies and knowledge of design history in order to contribute to the rediscovery of Breton locksmiths and their works over a period regarded as the French golden age of ironwork
Le, Stum Philippe. "La Bretagne dans la gravure sur bois (1850-1950)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA040019.
Full textBrittany is the region of France which attracted the greatest number of artists between the mid-19th and 20th centuries. The presence of painters is known, but the same cannot be said for the field of etching. The aim of this thesis is to contribute towards filling that gap.The study is based around the creation of a corpus. Its analysis reveals the importance of the theme adopted during each of the main periods of the development of western woodcut printing between 1850 and 1950. The definitions of these themes form the internal dynamic of the thesis.First of all the appearance of Brittany in professional interpretive etching is related. Then its place in the birth of original wood block printing is detailed. The following chapters are devoted to the opposing groups of artists, those who used colour and those who held to the aesthetic of black and white prints. The study of the colourists begins by highlighting the impact of Japanese wood-block techniques. It is followed by the resurgence of camaïeu and then the return to the western tradition of colouring after printing.Analysis of the more technically homogenous black print production focuses attention on the two themes around which almost all representations of Brittany revolve: the sea and the countryside. It underlines the regional contribution to the vogue for books illustrated with woodcut prints during the period between the wars. Finally, the presentation of militantly Breton works marks a specific episode of this panoramic overview of artistic output which, despite its regional origins, symbolises no less a part of the history of the art and technique of wood-block carving
Prungnaud, Joëlle. "Gothique et décadence recherches sur la continuité d'un mythe et d'un genre au XIXe siècle en Grande-Bretagne et en France /." Paris : H. Champion, 1997. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/37815430.html.
Full textLee, Sujin. "La musique dans la culture régionale à la lumière des cas français et coréens." Thesis, Paris 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA040056.
Full textThe aim of this research was to analyze a renewal of regional musical practice in Brittany in France and in Jeolla province in Korea. Beginning in the late twentieth century, we can observe a renewal of traditional music in the local context in many parts of the world. In Brittany, it appeared in the 1970s as a form of resistance to central authority. Despite the decline in regional tensions, Brittany continues to develop local music in a parallel movement to Jeolla Province, which has been trying to promote its local identity with its traditional music since 1997, the year marked by the launching of the autonomous local government system. Situated geographically as they are in the periphery of the country, these two regions remained rural and profoundly religious for a long time, so that they still retain old traditions that have almost disappeared in other regions in the country. During the industrialization of the country, very effective means of transmission were employed to preserve musical practices. After the decentralization of the government, local actors chose music as a regional asset to found a cultural heritage that would preserve and strengthen the regional identity. Many musical events, festivals and competitions bear witness to this. Finally, as a result of globalization these musical practices are being exported around the world. The policy of the UNESCO of designating Intangible Cultural Heritage helps to promote regional culture. The market for recordings offers more music representing a regional identity, a real symbol of the promotion of regions in a civilization of leisure
Mihail, Benoît. "Le "Néo-Flamand" en France: un passé régional retrouvé et réinventé sous la Troisième République." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211363.
Full textBolle, Gauthier. "Un acteur de la scène professionnelle des Trente Glorieuses, de la Reconstruction aux grands ensembles : l'architecte alsacien Charles Stoskopf (1907-2004)." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAG022/document.
Full textThis thesis considers the career of Alsatian architect, Charles-Gustave Stoskopf (1907-2004), who was awarded in the Prix de Rome in 1933. It is based mainly on research in his agency archives. He was professionally active during the “Thirty Glorious Years” in France, starting in 1945 when he was involved in post-war Reconstruction and given responsibility for the rebuilding of villages around Colmar razed to the ground in the conflict. Later, he designed a number of major developments in Alsace and the Paris area. To shed light on his career, we explore the various aspects of the architect’s life, conduct an architectural analysis of a few of his most significant works and, finally, consider the transversality that is a feature of his considerable output. Our study reveals his use of various registers of expression, all of them marked by academic terminology and an Alsatian heritage to which he refers constantly while giving it a new innovative twist. He also succeeded in drawing on various influences, enabling him to respond to unusual commissions during this period of modernisation and strong growth
Le, Fur Yann. "La patrimonialisation des grands sites : évolution des doctrines et transformation des espaces : exemple des promontoires littoraux emblématiques bretons." Phd thesis, Université de Bretagne occidentale - Brest, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00869354.
Full textBigonville, Delphine. "Association des idées et intuition: la réponse des architectes anglais à la Querelle des Anciens et des Modernes." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209775.
Full textDoctorat en Histoire, art et archéologie
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Avry, Loïc. "Analyser les conflits territoriaux par les représentations spatiales : une méthode cognitive par cartes mentales." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00808779.
Full textDriard, Cyril. "Les établissements littoraux de la province romaine de Lyonnaise : Contribution à l'étude de l'habitat dispersé et de l'exploitation des ressources maritimes sur les côtes de l'Atlantique et de la Manche dans l'Antiquité." Thesis, Tours, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOUR2024/document.
Full textWith a coastline of at least 3000 kilometers, the Roman province of Lugdunensis is the most maritime area of the Gallic territories. This thesis deals with the occupation of the coastal countryside, dotted with villae, farms and craft workshops, between the 1st and 5th centuries AD. The main objective is to understand how the rural areas were managed and how roman society adapted to and transformed this landscape. This study also addresses the question of the dissemination of “villae maritimae” along the Atlantic coast. Themes covered included the organisation of Roman coastal settlements and their architectural influences, the role of farms in the management and exploitation of marine resources, and lastly, the types of products produced. The archaeological information available for use is extensive although dated, difficult to exploit, and as a such the analysis suffers. However, several recent surveys and excavations have allowed for the collection of new data about Roman salting and fish sauce workshops in western Gaul. Atlantic Coast and English Channel
Gayet, Gwenn. "Le manoir de Kerazan et ses propriétaires : Architecture, décor inérieur et collections." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CLF20004.
Full textThe domain of Kerazan, still an underestimated set, was bequeathed to the Institute of France by Joseph-Georges Astor in 1929. Placed right in the heart of the Bigouden County, between Pont-l'Abbé and Loctudy, the manor house of Kerazan is today one of the jewels of the lifestyle in the XIXth century, in South Finistère. Spreading out from the XVIth century to 1934, a whole collection of decorative arts fills the manor house: paintings of regional masters, Breton furniture or still earthenware of Quimper make this building live as they make the past live. This eclectic set was made by a family of three collectors: Joseph Astor II, Mayor of Quimper from 1870 to 1886, member of the “General Council” (from 1877 to 1895) and first republican Senator of Finistère, elected in 1890 until he died in 1901. His son, Joseph-Georges Astor, Doctor of Law, continued the family collection throughout his life, before bequeathing - under certain conditions - the whole collection to the Institute of France.Last member of this family of collectors, brother-in-law of Joseph Astor II and uncle of Joseph-Georges Astor, Georges Arnoult was elected Member of Parliament of the second district of Quimper from 1876 to 1885.The manor house and its domain, have known very important modifications, since the end of the XVth century up to nowadays, and that is what we are going to study here, thanks to various subjects, that is to say : political history, social history and art history.Thus, the manor house was changed thanks to several families’ and several collectors’ actions in its architecture and also in its internal decoration. Finally, we will analyze, the history of taste through the example of the constitution of the collection of Kerazan. Do paintings, furniture and daily objects deserve the name of " Breton collection "?What were the goals of this collection, which trends can be observed, and which processes could we identify ? Can the latter be compared with other collections ?
Aboulker, Delphine. "La construction de la valeur des maisons d'architectes du XXe siècle : de la patrimonialisation à l'émergence d'un marché." Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EHES0060.
Full textSince the end of the 1990s, an international market of 20th century domestic architectural masterpieces has emerged in which they are appreciated no longer as just homes but as works of art. While focusing on France, an early leader in the recognition and preservation of cultural heritage sites, this thesis also consists of a comparative study of Great Britain and the United States. It offers an updated look at the social processes of building the esthetic and economic value of these designer homes: cultural heritage, classification, esthetic réévaluation, acceptance as 'collectors' items, as well as the way the market operates. This study shows that value assessment takes place at the intersection of two systems of actors: those involved with cultural heritage preservation (government, communities and associations) and marketplace actors (owners and realtors). As for the architects, they operate transversally between these two worlds
Doudeau-Cheutin, Claudie. "L'aile Louis XII du Château de Blois , son décor sculpté à l'aube de la Renaissance." Thesis, Tours, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TOUR2032.
Full textAs soon as he become king of France in 1498, Louis XII undertake to rebuild the family castle of Blois. The Louis XII wing of the royal castle of Blois shows an exceptional iconographic and carved program done from 1498 to about 1503, which consists of more than two hundred culots, gargoyles, grotesques, masks, medallions, monograms, and emblems, surrounding the equestrian statue of the king and the staircase. As the manuscript archives relating to the carvings have almost completely disappeared, the objective has been to consider firstly the historical events up until the restorations of the 19th and 20th century that have contribued to the current identity of the château. An iconographic study is approached in the second part, including the sculpted decoration of the château, the relationship between the decoration of the grand staircase and the vault with the equestrian statue. The third part relate to the role of the carved decoration within the artistic context of buiding sites and workshops between 1450 to 1520
Hamard, Erwan. "Rediscovering of vernacular adaptative construction strategies for sustainable modern building : application to cob and rammed earth." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSET011/document.
Full textThe use of local, natural and unprocessed materials offers promising low impact building solutions. The wide spatial variability of these materials is, however, an obstacle to a large-scale use. The construction strategies developed by past builders were dictated by the local climate and the quality and the amount of locally available construction materials. These construction strategies can be regarded as an optimized management of local, natural and variable resources and are a source of inspiration for modern sustainable building. Unfortunately, this knowledge was lost in Western countries during the 20th century. Vernacular earth construction know-how rediscovering requires the development of rational built heritage investigation means. Another issue regarding the use of natural and variable building material is their compliance with modern building regulation. The development of performance based testing procedures is proposed as a solution to facilitate the use of earth as a building material. A multidisciplinary approach is proposed, combining micromorphology, pedology, geotechnics and heritage disciplines to study vernacular earth heritage. It provides complementary tools to assess pedological sources of construction material and geotechnical characteristics of earth employed in vernacular earth heritage. It also provides a detailed description of the construction process of vernacular earth heritage. Using these results, it was possible to draw resource maps and provide a scale of magnitude of resource availability at regional scale. Two performance based testing procedures were proposed in order to take into account the natural variability of earth in a modern building context. Earth construction will play an important role in the modern sustainable building of the 21st century if the actors of the sector adopt earth construction processes able to meet social demand, with low environmental impact and at an affordable cost. The study of earth heritage demonstrated the ability of historical earth builders to innovate in order to comply with social demand variations and technical developments. Earth construction benefits of an old and rich past and it would be a non-sense to leave this past behind. The analysis of earth heritage and the rediscovering of vernacular construction techniques is a valuable source of inspiration for modern earth construction. The valorisation of vernacular knowledge will save time, energy and avoid repeating past mistakes. The future of earth construction should be a continuation of past vernacular earth construction
Bocarejo, Juan Pablo. "Évaluation économique de l'impact des politiques publiques liées à la mobilité : les cas de Paris, Londres, Bogotá et Santiago." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00937668.
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