Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Régions administratives – Et la culture'
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Prigoana, Liana. "La mise en oeuvre des fonds structurels à l'épreuve de la diversité des structures et des cultures administratives : une comparaison France-Roumanie." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU10076.
Full textFor this doctoral dissertation we aim to make a comparison on how two countries with different level of development operate the structural funds: Romania, integrated in the EU in 2007, and France, one of the founding members. We have chosen these two regions because of their similarities (population, area, both regions have a country frontier): South-Muntenia in Romania and Midi-Pyrénées in France (before the reform of regions). To be more specific, in France we have to deal with Regional Council and with the General Secretary of the Regional Affairs and in Romania with the Regional development agency in charge with the ERDF and OIRPOSDRU in charge with the ESF.Our interest is the EU-state-region in the perspective of the institutions in charge of those funds: how is each State organized at the regional level for the EU funds management? Our hypothesis is that there are two different administrative cultures that have their origins in two different forms of regionalization: France has a regional administration with very strong and well defined regions in the Constitution and Romania with the regions of development recently created with the target to manage these funds
Santagati, Maria Elena. "Les régions dans la gouvernance territoriale de la culture : l'émergence d'une policy capacity en Rhône-Alpes et au Piémont." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAH035.
Full textRegions have been emerging as important actors in the territorial governance of culture. This research is an attempt to retrace their role through the analysis of the decentralisation and modernization processes occured in two European countries, France and Italy, after the 70s, which deeply affected the regional intervention in the cultural sector. Region is thus considered both as a scale and as an institution, through a combination of different approaches and disciplines. With a comparative analysis of Rhone-Alpes and Piedmont as regards to the main actors and dynamics of governance of culture at regional level, the research points out the emergence of a policy capacity as a specificity of these two regions
Guigon, Patrice. "Régions et intégration juridique communautaire : vers l'émergence d'une Europe des régions." Grenoble 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994GRE21004.
Full textThe comparative study of the role of the german, the belgian, the spanish, the french and the italian regions in the e. C. Legal integration process, once the question of the notion of region and those of its legal regime have been solved, allows to settle to a limited one. The participation of the regions to the elaboration of the e. C. Law, determination of member states national position and e. C. Law formation literally said, is sure enough modest whereas their participation to its apllication is rather contrasted in that sense that it means extensive duties and restricted rights for the region
Egwurube, Joseph O. "La région dans le système politico-administratif territorial en France et au Nigéria." Bordeaux 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987BOR1D021.
Full textThe intention of our study is to analyze, using the comparative method, the consequences of regionalization on the fonctioning of the french and nigerian territorial systems. We define both countries as essentially modernizing because we believe that each embarked on region building in order to facilitate the solution and resolution of a number of given political, administrative and economic problems inscribed on their respective political agendas. However, irrespective of the federal character of region building in Nigeria, as different from the more limited approach that govern regional construction in France, we observe that this decisional unit has a relatively wider margin of political and decisional manouvre in France than in Nigeria. We explain this apparent "contradiction" in relation to the existence in France of several de facto resources of regional power - easy access to national centers of political decision making and the direct legitimacy of regional political actors - resources which hardly exist in Nigeria. The result is that whereas the region in France has asserted its position as an active participant in the inter-organizational system of public decision making, the same echelon in Nigeria serves in reality as a territorial relay structure in the service of central government. This difference in the level of de facto regional power notwithstanding, we note that neither in France nor in Nigeria is regionalization accompanied by the constitution of sub-national centers of counter-power. The real functioning of regional government in both countries seems to be accompanied by the centralization or the recentralization of powers in favor of the national center. This leads us to the tentative conclusion that the process of political and administrative modernization usually leads to the centralization rather than the decentralization of political power
Chrétien, Frédéric. "Estimation du taux de chômage naturel régional : le cas des régions administratives du Québec." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/69819.
Full textRegional unemployment in the province of Quebec is characterized by a significant heterogeneity both in the levels across the regions and how they evolve. Between March 1997 and December 2018, for example, the mean unemployment rate was about 6.3% in Capitale-Nationale and of 10.0% in Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean; an important gap of almost four percentage points. Because those disparities are inefficient (Taylor, 1996) and because they exacerbate income inequalities (Macphail, 2000), understanding their determinants is essential. Previous works on the determinants of unemployment point to the influence of fiscal legislation and labourmarket institutions to explain unemployment rates disparities amongst the countries. Therefore, those factors being homogeneous for regions in the same province, they cannot explain this diversity between Quebec’s administrative regions. Based on Friedman’s (1968) definition of structural unemployment, we develop a model that divides the observed regional unemployment rates in a natural (or structural) and a cyclical component which allows for the integration of new determinants like regional productivity and industrial composition. Using panel data on Quebec’s administrative regions from March 1997 to December 2018, we run a fixed effects ordinary least square (OLS) estimation with an SCC error term robust to correlation and cross-correlation plus a fixed effects general least square (GLS) estimation integrating an AR(1) correlated error term. Results show that regions’ productivity and industrial composition both have a significant effect on regional unemployment. Finally, we use our results to calculate the natural unemployment rate and its evolution for each region andbriefly discuss its evaluation.
Hoeffel, Dominique. "La place du département et de la région dans la décentralisation en France." Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989STR30002.
Full textThe statute of march 2, 1982 pertaining to the "rights and freedoms of townships, departments and regions" in France is the result of a progressive evolution. The transformation of the "region", which has become a territorial collectivity elected by universal suffrage since 1986, represents a certain inconsistency in the nature and evolution of the relationship between local collectivities, and especially between the "region" and "department". Conflicts and considerable additional costs might be caused by the many steps of general administration. Since the elimination of either the "department" or the "region" is out of the question, there must be a way of getting these two levels to work together based on the fact that they complement each other instead of having them quarrel with each other on the grounds of legitimacy, rationality and fields of competence. Thus, it seems necessary to establish a minimum set of rules, to redistribute certain fields of competence in order to clearly define the roles and functions of the respective collectivities, i. E. The "department" could focus on administration ("administration de gestion" in french), whereas the "region" could concentrate on performing specific tasks ("administration de mission" in french). Co-ordination between these bodies is essential to avoid a situation of ruleless competition which would mean a return to the tutelage of the central
Radvanyi, Jean. "Régions et pouvoirs en URSS : contraintes spatiales et politique régionale en URSS." Paris 7, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA070108.
Full textGuyomarc'h, Armelle. "La décentralisation de la protection et de la gestion du patrimoine culturel." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010262.
Full textThe extension of local government for the protection and the administration of the cultural common inheritance of a nation looks like a paradox. The protection's juridical system of the classified historical monuments is based on a very strong administrative centralization. The 1887' and 1913' laws can be considered as the keyes of the administrative system. The public interest has available the only juridical intervention of the central state to protect the historical monuments by administrative procedures which are the classification or the inventory's inscription of culturel objects, realities or personnalities. This kind of protection is based on the special administrative police procedure which can be very compellable for the private or public owners. The cultural regionalism movement has pre-existeed to the political regionalism movement. This matter of fact has allowed local organizations to realize the importance of their own cultural historical monuments which was not protected by the classical laws ; of the nation. The historical monument's law based on the administrative policy doesn't give any possibility to the local organizations to protect by themselves whereas the majority of the cultural historical monuments belong to them. The extension of local governement since 1982 has allowed the local organizations to become public law's legal entities with rights and obligations. The competences' transfer in the cultural field has been minor, the classified historic monuments's juridical protectionhas been clearly ignored in this policy. The competence's transfer has been only reached in two categories : the archives' and public libraries' administration. Facing this juridical blank, the local organization has developped other juridical ways to protect and manage their historical cultural objects. The extension of local governement in the town planning has given them new methods of protecting their historical monuments. They also open out new institutionnal and operationnal means of management for their cultural objects (local civil servant, contracts. . . ). The expansion of communautary policy is a new challenge for them. But the rules are still commanded by the central organization
Lafargue, de Grangeneuve Loïc. "Fonctionnaliser la culture ? : action publique et culture hip-hop." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004DENS0042.
Full textPublic action towards hip-hop culture consists of a recognition policy that must help the treatment of urban social problems. Nevertheless, the inquiry realized in Marseille, Bordeaux and its suburbs shows that the < functionalization » of hip hop enters in contradiction with the social and territorial embeddedness of this culture. Hip hop reaches the classical cultural institutions of city centre, but its esthetization needs adoption of fine art's codes ; it implies a transformation of activity's nature that brings young men from popular neighbourhoods to a partial exit. Hip hop culture constitutes also a voice of a subordinated group : hip hop public policy represents an ambiguous institutionalization of conflict. Finally, local govemment's strategies towards hip hop depend strongly on the will and the ability of mayors to connect this culture with the image policy of their town
Perrin, Thomas. "Culture et eurorégions : enjeux institutionnels de l'action culturelle eurorégionale." Grenoble, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010GRENH027.
Full textThis thesis pertains to the New Regionalism theory and offers a New Institutionalist approach to the cultural action developed in the context of European cross-border co-operative organizations between territorial authorities, generally referred to as “euroregions”. We adopt a sociological and historical approach to institutions, drawing in particular on the concepts of path dependence, policy referential [référentiel d’action publique] and governance. The institutional reinforcement of territorial cooperation and the increasing role of culture in territorial development raise the questions of a certain evolution of euroregional cultural action, and of the consequences of such evolution on the institutionalization of euroregions. The fieldwork is based on comparative case studies in Western Europe. It focuses on two euroregions, the Eurorégion Pyrénées-Méditerranée and the Grande Région [Greater Region], with two complementary examples, the Eurorégion Alpes-Méditerranée and the Eurorégion Nord-Transmanche. The results of this research reveal a specific and hybrid form of “transitional” cultural development, stemming from interactions between intergovernmental coordination, cooperation and common action. Euroregional cultural action is somehow determined by other institutional dynamics, but it also has an influence on these very dynamics and on the development of the policies’ references, contents and practices. By emphasizing the identity dimension of territorial cultural policies and the significance of cultural stakes in external and transnational relations, this analysis also questions the meaning of emerging “interterritorialities” both within Europe and beyond
Chias, Becerril Luis. "L'identité régionale de El Bajio, Mexique : géographie d'une histoire vécue." Toulouse 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986TOU20048.
Full textThe objectif of this thesis is to give some elements for the understanding of the process which have provoked the birth of a strong regional concience in el bajio (this region is located in the middle-ouest of mexico and is considered-s the best representative of national life) and how this territorial concience has been modified in our epoch. The work has been divided into four chapters: the first one shows that the prespanish era has been a stage of important incubation for the future regional integration of el bajio; the second one, the colonial era, shows the different phases of his colonisation-exploitation, and it shows how the economical process brought by the spanish has provoked a special process of economical integration and a phenomenon of territorial cohesion. The third chapter is an attempt to show how the integration process of el bajio was interrupted with the independence mouvement, the civil wars and the territorial politics of unification that was created and defended to consolidate the national territory, in order to deny the differences between regions. Finally, the fourth chapter shows what is el bajio today with the mental images of the persons that live there. According to the regional perception of the abajenos, can el bajio be considered as an exemple of what the french geographe fremont names "region eclatee"? It is sure that the present image of el bajio has nothing to do with reality, but with imagination or evocation of the past. Consequently, we shall say that el bajio is a functional area
Lambinet, Marc. "Le rôle de la politique régionale et de la régionalisation dans l'intégration de l'Europe." Paris 10, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA100078.
Full textJean-Pierre, Philippe. "Diversité des dynamiques de convergence réelle des régions européennes : bilan empirique et éclairage théorique." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010011.
Full textThe road towards the european monetary union is not without setting the problem of the regional convergence process. This concern is all the more important that the empirical and theoretical contribution on european regions give ambigous results. The aim of this work is also double. Its first objective is to deep the empirical analysis of the catching up process of the european regions. Its second objective is to propose a theoretical framework which can improve the understanding of the previous results. These last show the diversity of the convergence processes which characterize the european regions and highlight the difficulties for lagging regions to catch-up with the middle gdp per capita of the European regions (part I). This result is confirmed by the analysis of the dynamic of growth of a region La Réunion, which is submitted to a special developing policy for more than forty years. This case study suggests also that the impact of public transfers, sent to La Réunion, on its growth is not as positive as we can believe (partie II). This concerns is supported by a theoretical analysis of the impact of transfers on the dynamic of growth of economies. Indeed, the construction of model of growth for european regions allows to show that similar regions, in terms of preference and technological parameters, can be characterized by different catching-up processes and that public tranfers produce indirect effects that can offset their initial positive effects on the growth and the catching-up process of the developing regions (partie III)
Souchon-Zahn, Marie-Françoise. "Contribution à l'étude du milieu local en France : acteurs et politiques : [thèse soutenue sur un ensemble de travaux] : mémoire de présentation des travaux." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985IEPP0009.
Full textBernadou, Dorian. "La fabrique du récit territorial en Italie, les cas des régions Émilie-Romagne et Latium." Thesis, Université de Paris (2019-....), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UNIP7006.
Full textThis thesis examines the territorial construction process undertaken by the Italian regional authorities of Lazio and Emilia-Romagna, based on the official institutional storytelling they produce. This complex object refers to all the speeches and iconographic documents that provide meaning and image to an administrative territory while legitimising the exercise of the power at the regional scale. The corpus includes political declarations, technical documents, a selection of official place branding brochures as well as digital traces of these local authorities on social media. The image of the region reflects the aims of the regional institutional actors, the priorities they have identified and the competences the institution exercises. The analysis of the category of “institutional actors” reveals an increasing diversification of this group, with a growing prominence of communication professionals and a progressive integration of the inhabitants and users of the territory in the institutional storytelling production. This work also studies the ways institutional storytelling is changing according to the context of enunciation and the targets. The factors explaining these changes depend on the period and region considered. These factors can be internal by the level of political power stability, the personality of the regional governor, the elapsed time since the institution's birth, as well as the evolution of the productive sector or demographic changes. They also can be external: the international economic context, the pace of reforms enforced by the State, and the evolution of communication techniques and media
Maldonado, Gonzalez Ana Lucia. "La contribution de l'organisation communautaire et des participants à un mode de gouvernance civique en environnement dans trois régions administratives du Québec." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25368/25368.pdf.
Full textMaldonado-González, Ana-Lucia. "La contribution de l'organisation communautaire et des participants à un mode de gouvernance civique en environnement dans trois régions administratives du Québec." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/20007.
Full textNay, Olivier. "La région site institutionnel : les logiques de représentation en Aquitaine." Bordeaux 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR40007.
Full textThrough the analysis of the actions of two groups of elected representatives (political and agricultural) and through studying their interaction within the region, the thesis aims to observe and understand the emergence of a regional institution. The theoretical approach used in the thesis allows us to view "the region" as an institutional arena, in other words as a stage upon which interdependant groups of actors ("institutional configurations") interact, using in their action stable patterns of behaviour, lasting social norms and common practicies ("institutional rules"). Firstly, the institutional construction of the region is considered as the result of learning news rules concerning the intercourse between the different actors involved in the regional framework. The learning process is evident in both the representatives' personal dispositions and the types of collective action shared by the groups intervening at the regional level. Secondly, the institutionalization of the region can be seen as a structuring process. In this way, the creation of a political institution is understood in the context of relational dynamics which contribute to the development of new institutional games. From this double perspective, the research is organized around two major themes. In the first place, the conditions under which the representatives intervene in the regional games is discussed. Here, the many contrainsts that go with their status as spokesperson and the particuliar social logics that dominates their familiar environment (the "departement", the agricultural sector) must be given attention. Next, the actors' involvement in the emergence of institutional interplay and in the development of specific rules is examined in order to identify the formation of institutional site. The conclusion puts a series of hypothese into a theoretical perspective on the character of the various processes of institutionalization
Vaivre, Florence. "Les pays dans la dynamique intercommunale : Analyse des jeux d'acteurs et des modes de construction territoriale." Besançon, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001BESA1011.
Full textKouakou, Konan Jérôme. "Inscriptions administratives et réalités socioculturelles : une étude des représentations et pratiques d’état civil en Côte d’Ivoire." Thesis, Paris Est, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PEST0006.
Full textThis essay is a socio-anthropological view on administrative inscriptions and the questions they give rise to. It is an analysis from the specific case of Côte d’Ivoire according to its socio-cultural context. It underlines a few particularities of the civil registry in Côte d’Ivoire through the examination of the articulation between the official system and local realities. Was there from the Côte d’Ivoire, at the time when the country adopted as an independent state its own civil registry system, an effort to consider its local socio-cultural context? Do the models and representations given and defended by the system that came into place at the independence, have a minimum of coherence with those that were already in place in the societies in Côte d’Ivoire? Caught between the imperatives of the official writing that civil registry represents on the one hand, and the sociocultural context on the other hand, how are people, especially users, reacting? What kind of representations do they use? What are their practices? Those are the questions this research is trying to answer to. Contrary to what could have been expected, the day after it gained its independence, the country of Côte d’Ivoire chose a system that did not really take into account the local context. The analyses show a difference between the models (of family, marriage and identity) given by the registration administration and those of the socio-cultural context. When the civil registry is promoting models built on the individual and the supremacy of the script, local customs and practices assign a considerable place to the group and are built on non-written elements. This discrepancy between the official system and the socio-cultural realities are supporting, far from the expectations, ambiguous representations and practices from the civil registry
Freyssinet, Emilie. "L' organisation du territoire entre Meuse et Rhin à l'époque romaine." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2007. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2007/FREYSSINET_Emilie_2007.pdf.
Full textThis work concerns the territories of four civitates located between Rhine and Meuse and their organisation during Roman times : the Leuci and the Mediomatrici in Mosellan Gaul, the Triboci and the Rauraci on the left bank of the Rhine. From the point of view of ancient writers, we have observed that this space has been appropriated since the Conquest, with the Rhine as a real or a symbolic frontier. We have established a hierarchy between the towns that structures these civic territories. The organisation of the civitates seems to correspond with a model based on a civitas capital in the centre of the territory, with other important towns all around the territory, like relays of the capital. If some of those towns, but not the majority, have a latenian origin, this model may be compatible with the will of the Roman authority. During late Antiquity, the organisation of the civitates have sometimes been deeply modified
Leonetti, Antoine-Jean. "Les autonomies administratives en matière culturelle en Espagne, au Royaume-Uni et en France." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010319.
Full textThe purpose of administrative autonomy in matter of culture is to protect the artist against all political interferences (autonomy of the cultural field towards the political field), and to protect all the expressions of culture, concerning living arts or cultural memory (cultural identities, heritage). Also, autonomous administrations must only deal with cultural subjects. Spain, U. K. And France have experienced various types of autonomy since the renaissance. Today, the autonomy appears in spain in the case of autonomous communities arts departments, in the U. K. With the nations' arts councils (based on the arm's length principle) and the regional arts boards, and in France with the cultural decentralization. The constitutional dispositions about art facilities and multiculturalism - objects of real "cultural constitutions", even if not written - are still very different according to the countries. Although international law and european law are in favour of a recognition of cultural minorities at a national level, france refuses constitutionnally such recognition. Nevertheless, some convergences do appear between the three countries, with the multiplication of autonomies at a local level, and the developpement, by supreme court decisions (Spain) or statutes (France, U. K. ), of concurrent cultural competences between the different public authorities in each country. In france, the notion of "pays" since a 1995 act may compensate today the local authorities' lack of cultural identities. Yet, the strong politisation of arts administration challenges the reality of administrative autonomies in matter of culture
Blanchemanche, Philippe. "Les Terrasses de culture des régions méditerranéennes : terrassement, épierrement et dérivation des eaux en agriculture.17ème-19ème siècle. Étude ethnohistorique." Paris, EHESS, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986EHES0099.
Full textChurch, Jon Marco. "La convention alpine, une organisation internationale : la pyramide à l'envers et le retour de l'État." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010313.
Full textAsloum, Hassida. "Élaboration d'un système de production maraîchère (tomate, Lycopersicum esculentum L. ) en culture hors sol pour les régions sahariennes : utilisation de substrats sableux et d'eaux saumâtres." Nice, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990NICE4443.
Full textNadeau, Sylvain. "Religion et structures administratives : le cas du comité catholique du Conseil supérieur de l'éducation du Québec." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0024/MQ31769.pdf.
Full textFlores, Berrios Ericka Patricia. "Contrôle génétique de la régénération in vitro chez le tournesol (Helianthus annuus L. ) et identification des régions chromosomiqus impliquées." Toulouse, INPT, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INPT014A.
Full textThomas, Carole. "Communication et identité régionale : l'exemple de Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur." Grenoble 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE39009.
Full textThe word region, in a metonymic process, refers to the regional area together with its inhabitants and institutions. As such it is the framework of the controversy and, at the same time at stake in it. The area of regional communication is a moving one, a complex system in which there is interaction between real and symbolic areas. There, the subject experiments with his sociability, the networks weave themselves together and membership belongs to it: it is an area where the word territory makes sense so the understanding of the region refers to both the identity concept and the analysis of the policies of communication in the region as a community. The county council faces many representations of the citizen that jumble together and the readability of the identity concept suffers from having several possible interpretations. Regional identity is thus a structure which depends on an actors strategy. The creation by communication strategies of a new identity is a reminder that identity is not a fact en-soi but a social construction together with a product. Historically speaking, the policies of communication of the county council take up the identity theme so as to respond to a crisis or come to a specific orientation. The polysemic character of the regional identity together with its rich connotations indicate that the concept covers at the same time the culture and the ideological interpretation it is given, the experienced feelings and the sources which keep them going (history, territory), the psychological unity of the individual and the principe of collective unity within the group. That evolutional dynamics accounts fot the difficulty encountered while trying to read and fix the concept
Rival, Alain. "Cinétique de la nutrition minérale et métabolisme du carbone et de l'azote dans des suspensions cellulaires hétérotrophes et photomixotrophes : aspects physiologiques et biochimiques chez Abrus precatorius L. (Leguminosae)." Montpellier 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON20079.
Full textRessami, Youness. "La Régionalisation Administrative et Financière Au Maroc." Thesis, Poitiers, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013POIT3002.
Full textRegionalization as a mode of governance reflects political, economic and social orientations of a state, but also a set of demographic, ethnic and geographical elements.In Morocco, the question is an offshoot of the central government. Its construction was carried out in constant evolution. From a simple advisory economic framework, the moroccan region is elevated to a local authority with its own powers. We analyze this evolution through the moroccan supreme texts to the constitution last July 1st, 2011 by an appeal to other European experiences that come together and inspire new forms of moroccan regionalization
Voiron-Canicio, Christine. "Espace, structures et dynamiques regionales. L'arc mediterraneen." Nice, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992NICE2018.
Full textThis thesis aims at studying the mediterranean arc : the regions from the straits of gibraltar to the straits of messina that border the coasts of the northwestern mediterranean. The study undertakes to find out whether there exist, beyond the apparent differences, similar forms of organization and types of evolution, and whether, excepting time-lags the devolopment trands have been identical or close. In a word, does an arc effect exist? spatial considerations are at the heart of the problem, the first part of the study is thus devoted to research on methods and techniques that allow for the best integration of space within the regional analysis. The structures and regional dynamics of the arc are analysed in part 2. In the first place, we have compared their structures and socio-economic dynamics with those of other european regions. We next focussed on the string of coastal provinces and departments. Fanally, we have carried out several "close-up" views by focussing on a sample of regions whose structures we have compared, and the functioning of the micro-regional dynamics of on of which has been modelled
Baldermann-Cornec, Ute. "Urbanisme durable et potentialités de transferts d’expériences interculturelles entre Régions européennes : comparaison des démarches en Bretagne (France) et en Mecklenburg-Vorpommern (Allemagne) au croisement de la qualité urbaine durable et de la prospective paysagère." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011REN20042.
Full textMy urban planning dual culture (German and French), the works to implement of a device for encouraging the sustainable urban design, the innovation and the environmental excellence for the Brittany elected representatives, had been my personal questioning a long standing concern: Can we transpose extraterritorial experiences from one culture to another and methods to boost and develop the quality of the projects and the approaches of local actors? The answer to this question, determinant for my own professional practice and my standing concern, does not exist in the literature in 2005. Starting from the Brittany region, at first glance, the choice of the Saxony Land was required for comparison resulting of a twinning since 1995. After investigation, it turns out that only few concrete projects and actions were developed. This is, perhaps, not surprising given the very different territorial characteristics from Britain and Saxony (very industrial past, little agriculture, no coastline, many large cities).. Accordingly, the Mecklenburg-Vorpommern Land with its extensive coastline, its many islands, its economy which is shared between agriculture and tourism, seemed more interesting to compare (and for a future partnership, if my research would showed the real interest of collaboration on sustainable urban design). I am convinced of the relevance of the European regional level (the "region" in France and the "Land" in Germany) to introduce public policies and consistent urban planning strategies without losing the link with the mobilizing territorial identity.A State of art of the potential and limits of the transfer experiences introduced my thesis. A focus on the regional policies give a framework for the innovative devices specifically dedicated to the sustainable urban design and the prospective landscape (Eco-FAUR and Städtebau-und Dorferneuerungsprogramm) to place them in context. Comparison of 16 best and recent projects in Brittany and in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern allowed me to analyze in detail the approaches, methods, the intervention of the actors, the best and weak points of the projects. The face to face of these local examples give a framework on 8 topics currently in the discussions of the prospective and sustainable urban landscape Europeanexperts: the revitalization of the cities centers, the urban renewal, the urban landscapes, the great landscape and the city, the new rural dynamic, urban coastal planning, green tourism and urban eco-subdivisions as extensions. My analysis and exchanges with more than 250 actors led me some positive issues (under conditions) concerning the potential of enhanced cooperation between two non-adjacent European areas. My PhD thesis concludes with recommendations for the improvement of trade efficiency, because the interest for the innovative and concrete projects, and around a limited motivated actors group looks promising
Meine doppelte deutsch-französische Raumplanungskultur und meine Arbeit für Politiker der Bretagne (Aufbau eines Förderprogrammes für nachhaltigen Städtebau, Innovation und hohe Umweltverträglichkeit) machen aus meiner langjährigen persönlichen Fragestellung ein Thema der Aktualität: Kann man Erfahrungen, die auf einer anderen, außerterritorialen Planungskultur aufbauen transferieren, um die Qualität der Projekte und die Herangehensweise der Akteure vor Ort zu „dynamisieren“, zu verbessern ? Die Antwort auf diese Frage existierte im Jahr 2005 nicht in der wissenschaftlichen Literatur. Von der Bretagne ausgehend bot sich eigentlich Sachsen zum Vergleich an, da eine offizielleRegionalpartnerschaft seit 1995 besteht. Bei den Voruntersuchungen stellte sich aber heraus, dass sich sehr wenige Aktionen und konkrete Projekte entwickelt haben. Das ist vielleicht nicht verwunderlich wenn man sich die sehr unterschiedlichen territorialen Charakteristiken der Bretagne und Sachsens (Industriestandort, wenig Landwirtschaft, keine Küste und viele große Städte) vor Augen führt. So schien mir der Vergleich mit Mecklenburg-Vorpommern (ausgedehnte Küste mit Inseln, eine auf Landwirtschaft und Tourismus basierende Wirtschaftsstrukture) viel versprechender, vor allem wenn meine Forschungen ein reelles Interesse für eine Zusammenarbeit im Gebiet des Nachhaltigen Stadtbaus und der Landschaftsentwicklungsplanung aufzeigen sollten. Ich bin überzeugt, dass es der regionale Ansatz (die Region in Frankreich und das Land in Deutschland) ist, der im europäischen Rahmen kohärente Lösungen für lokale Entwicklungsstrategien hervorbringt, weil ein genügend großes Territorium mit der mobilisierenden Identität der Akteure verbunden werden kann. Eine Bestandsanalyse der positiven und negativen Faktoren für einen Erfahrungstransfer führtmeine Dissertation ein. Eine Fokussierung auf die Rahmenbedingungen (globale Regionalpolitik) ermöglicht, die beiden auf nachhaltigen Städtebau- und Landschaftsentwicklungsplanung spezialisierten Programme (Eco-FAUR und Städtebau- und Dorferneuerungsprogramm) einzuordnen. Der Vergleich von 16 innovativen und aktuellen Projekten der Bretagne und Mecklenburg- Vorpommerns gab mir die Möglichkeit, im Detail die Herangehensweisen, Methoden, Beteiligung derAkteure sowie die Stärken und Schwachpunkte der Projekte aufzuzeigen. Die Gegenüberstellung bedient sich 8, die aktuelle Fachdebatte der europäischen Experten in Städtebau und ländlicher Entwicklung anregende, Themen: Innenstadtrevitalisierung, Stadtumbau, Stadtlandschaft, Landschaftsplanung und Stadt, Dynamik des ländlichen Raumes, Küstenbebauung, Ökotourismus, Ökoquartiere. Meine Analyse und der Austausch mit über 250 Akteuren erlauben mir einen optimistische Einschätzung (unter entsprechenden Rahmenbedingungen) der Möglichkeiten der Intensivierungder Zusammenarbeit in den analysierten Gebieten und zwischen nichtbenachbarten europäischen Regionen. Meine Dissertation schließt mit Vorschlägen zur Verbesserung des Erfahrungsaustausches ab, da die Zusammenarbeit von motivierten, kleinen Gruppen von Akteuren mit konkreten, innovativen Projekten, vielversprechend erscheint
Chirat, Guillaume. "Description et modélisation du comportement spatial et alimentaire de troupeaux bovins en libre pâture sur parcours, en zone tropicale sèche." Thesis, Montpellier, SupAgro, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NSAM0005/document.
Full textArid and sub-arid areas, where are located most of the world's cattle, are concerned by a sustainable improvement of their productivity. During the dry season, that can last 9 months, herds range free on territories made of spontaneous plants and crop residues from cultivated areas. From observations of animal activities, intake rates and daily circuits on a sahelo-sudanian territory, we built a herd-oriented model which simulates spatial behavior (circuits) and feed intake (spatialized intake). Our approach consisted in introducing successively the very necessary information that realistically represents animal behaviors. The heuristic rules of herds'choices are a combination of our observations and ethological theories: i.e. factors linked to pastoral resources (cover types, biomass) and other abiotic factors (attraction to watering point and to night park) or to human decisions (breeder's practices). Integration of short-term intake process is based on relationships established between intake rate and available biomass of each cover type in order to emerge daily intakes. Altogether, the implemented equations are within the theoretical frame of the Functional response. The coupling of daily simulated circuits with prevision of intake, allowed calibration of agents Herds decision rules that fit observed behaviors. Although parsimonious, our approach kept the necessary representation of biological phenomena in order to ensure a model transportability to other semi-arid rangeland systems, if parameters are adjusted. Finally, this thesis proposes an original methodology to simulate spatialized feed uptakes by free-ranging cattle in the tropics, with ecological production improvement as a goal
Deloné, Brunise. "Alternatives agro-écologiques à l’usage d’intrants chimiques dans les bananeraies plantains : Le cas de deux régions de la Caraïbe : Guadeloupe et Haïti." Thesis, Antilles-Guyane, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AGUY0758/document.
Full textPlantain (Musa paradisiaca) is the staple food of millions of people worldwide and its cropping generates ongoing revenues for many farmers who are planting small or medium size areas. As in other tropical regions, plantain cultivation in Guadeloupe and Haiti is under heavy parasitic constraints terrestrial (plant-parasitic nematodes and banana weevil) as well as aerial (black Sigatoka in particular). Conventional means of control based on the use of synthetic products which adverse effects on the environment (soil, water, animals ...) as on human health are not bearable any more. It is thus urgent to think about agroecological solutions allowing to restore the biological balances, to maintain good soil quality and optimal plantain cropping systems.This is the ultimate goal of this thesis which couples the realization of an agroecological diagnosis in peasants’ plots, and the test of agroecological alternatives in semi-controlled conditions. To do this, a typology of plantain cropping systems was carried out from an agrienvironmental survey in the two study areas. It allowed to select 23 plots in Guadeloupe and 12 in Haiti in which an agroecological diagnosis was implemented. Based on this diagnosis and the research of agroecological alternatives to the use of chemicals, a field experiment was set up in Guadeloupe, in an experimental station allowing the test of three innovative practices for plantain cultivation (alone and combined), namely : i) the introduction of a cover-crop Paspalum notatum for weed control while reducing the use of herbicides ; ii) the input of worms’ compost to control plant-parasitic nematodes specific to plantain and to fertilize it ; iii) the use of healthy “PIF” plants (plants issued from stem fragments) free from telluric pests (nematodes and weevil’s larvaes).The typology of plantains cropping systems shows: i) in Guadeloupe the previous crops are: fallow pineapple and plantain predominate with a low level of intensification (low and infrequent chemical inputs) or high (high and frequent chemical inputs); ii) in Haiti, the previous crops are: fallow, plantain and cassava predominate with a low level or no intensification at all (no inputs). The results of the agroecological analysis show that : i) when the level of intensification is low, perennial plantain and pineapple as previous crops help maintaining a good soil quality and a good regulation of the telluric pests ; ii) when the level of intensification is strong, the soil engineers drastically reduce, while the density of telluric parasites increases without affecting good levels of instantaneous yields (plots where the previous crop is pineapple or mostly fallow) ; iii) when the fertilization is totally missing, it decreases the biological activity of the soil furthermore the plantain yields, exacerbated by the choice of the previous crop (cassava or plantain), in connection with soils and climate constraints and the black Sigatoka caused by Mycosphaerella fijiensis, especially in the Haitian plots ; iv) the crop succession plantain/plantain is the most critical regarding the plantain’s cropping, because whatever the level of intensification, the yields remain relatively low in connection with a degradation of the health state, compared to other previous crops.The driving of an experiment in a research station shows that on the scale of one year, the three tested innovative practices allow maintaining a good soils quality. Healthy plants "PIF" have a better health state (absence of plant parasitic nematodes in the roots) which helps a significant increase of the yields. Cover-crop P. notatum helps the weeds and the soil pests control and favors the improvement of soil biological activity and plantain yields. Worms’ compost contributes to the maintenance of a better soils quality while allowing the regulation of the populations of plant-parasitic nematodes of the plantains
Ullmann, Charlotte. "Les politiques régionales à l'épreuve du développement numérique : enjeux, stratégies et impacts." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00255050.
Full textA partir de documents publics et d'articles scientifiques, on a reconstitué le cadre dans lequel se dessinent les ambitions des acteurs locaux. On s'est aperçu que les prérogatives opérationnelles ont glissé des échelles supranationales vers les échelles locales. Ainsi, les collectivités ont acquis une légitimité à la fois historique, politique et réglementaire à agir dans le domaine concurrentiel des télécommunications, en répondant à des missions d'aménagement et d'intérêt général.
En s'appuyant sur la géographie des réseaux, on s'est interrogé sur la nature des enjeux qui suscitent la mobilisation régionale. L'architecture de l'Internet à haut débit a révélé des différences de connectivité des réseaux régionaux, d'inégale couverture des services (dégroupage) et du rôle variable des capitales régionales comme hub technologique, de dimension locale, nationale ou européenne.
A partir des documents politiques et contractuels, on a analysé les canevas stratégiques des Conseils régionaux pour définir les modèles de gouvernance, mesurer les moyens financiers et humains, et identifier les projets dominants des régions. Ainsi, même si les stratégies divergent dans le fond, elles sont relativement proches sur la forme car elles s'inspirent fortement des documents de contractualisation (CPER, DOCUP). Concernant le positionnement régional, les régions sont leaders et plus souvent partenaires en fonction de trois modèles de gouvernance (intégrée, collaborative, délégante).
A partir de données quantitatives et qualitatives, la recherche finit par proposer quatre « e-indicateurs » (l'efficacité, l'efficience, l'effectivité, l'effort) pour évaluer les différents niveaux de la mobilisation régionale dans le développement numérique. Le renforcement du rôle des Conseils régionaux n'est pas encore visible, même si plusieurs régions ont déjà défini leur stratégie, leurs projets TIC, et répondent le cas échéant aux appels à projets nationaux et européens. Les moyens humains et financiers restent encore sous dimensionnés par rapport aux enjeux, illustrant une certaine frilosité des exécutifs régionaux sur un domaine encore neuf d'autant plus que les retombées des stratégies numériques restent difficilement mesurables, faute de données. A cet égard, l'évaluation des politiques territoriales devrait constituer un nouveau champ de recherche.
Ratajczak, Damien. "Spatiodynamiques de territorialisation des modes de production et de reproduction identitaires en espace transfrontalier : application à la réalité géographique du Hainaut franco-belge." Lille 1, 2000. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2000/50377-2000-21.pdf.
Full textLefort, Nicolas. "Patrimoine régional, administration nationale : la conservation des monuments historiques en Alsace de 1914 à 1964." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01037903.
Full textBardin, Michaël. "L'exécutif régional en droit comparé : essai sur la présidentialisation d'une institution en France, en Espagne et en Italie." Toulon, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009TOUL0055.
Full textUnder the same classification of regional executive are gathered very different institutions depending on the states. This difference is expressed as much in the form that the regional executive takes, as in the extent of the missions which are entrusted to it. However, in any case, this executive is an essential element to the good performance of the regional community in as far as it is at least the “power to execute” of the area but more often and more widely the “capacity to impulse” of this community. The configuration of the regional executive and the extent of its mission depends directly on the role which the official organization grants to the regional community. Indeed, the apprehension of the role of the area varies from one State to another, because it is conditioned by the form of the state and so by the type of decentralization implemented. The selected decentralization determines the regional institutional organization strictly. However, in spite of the differences, the components and legislators of each state have had to face dysfunctions of the regional institutions or sought to improve the operation thereof. With this intention, they employed means intended to rationalize this organization by developing the executive function and its representative, so supporting the presidentialisation of the regional institutions. Certain means are often inspired by those which made national parliamentary modes evolve but other evolutions are creations inherent to the regional structure. In any event, all these evolutions tend to develop the role of the executive and make it possible to identify a movement of presidentialisation
Samzun, Anaïck. "Etude des développements économiques, sociaux et commerciaux vers 4000 avant notre ère au Baluchistan et dans les régions frontières du sous-continent indien : un examen de la culture matérielle du site de Mehrgarh (Période III) au Pakistan." Paris 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA010629.
Full textWith this work, we tentatively tried to sketch the material culture during early chalcolithic (4000 b. C) in Baluchistan which was during a long time, till the seventies, considered by the archaeologists as a belated area, compared with those around it (oriental Iran, southern central Asia). In the first part, we deal with the geography of Baluchistan and the previous surveys and researches of scholars in this province and works carried out in Mehrgarh, the only site where proper excavations have been done. In the second one, we analyze in details the ceramic (different types shapes and motifs) and the objects which belong to early chalcolithic of Mehrgarh (period III). In the last chapter, we try to conclude in showing that this area during chalcolitchic of Iran, southern Afghanistan and central Asia. In the third part, we give a catalog of the ceramic and the objects of period III. The second volume is composed by drawings of pottery and objects
Andriamasy, Rabaozafy Louisa. "Les technologies de production tropicales et leurs champs d'applications en économie." Thesis, Perpignan, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PERP0021.
Full textTropical algebra is the tropical analogue of linear algebra by redefining the usual operation addition by the maximization operation and the usual addition operation as multiplication. Briec and Horvath introduced a concept of convexity very close to this concept quoted above which appears as one of the limits of use of the theory of optimization by Avriel (1972) and Ben-Tal (1977). Following this line of investigation, we give an overview of contributions involving a semilattice structure of production technologies and an optimization portfolio. To do that, firstly, we propose a framework allowing to consider both semilattice structure and translation homothetic properties in productivity measurement. We introduce the concept of Max-Plus convexity which combine both an upper semilattice structure and an additivity assumption. We establish a topological relation between several classes of known generalized convex models using some basic algebraic convex structures. We analyze the Painlevé-Kuratowski limit of the CES-CET and Alpha-returns to scale models. It is shown that their topological limits yield the B-convex and Cobb-Douglas production models. Moreover, we show that the improvement of technical efficiency is compatible with semilattice technologies in a cooperative game. Then, we introduce a criterion to measure portfolio efficiency based upon the minimization of the maximum absolute deviation and minimum absolute deviation from the expected return using the Shortage function. Finally, we derive simple closed-form expressions to calculate the hyperbolic measure in the case of inverse and B-Convexity that evaluates technical efficiency in the full input-output space
Vignau, Mathilde. "Vers une géographie de la créativité : impacts des lieux, des activités et des événements créatifs et culturels sur le développement de la région Sud - Provence Alpes Côte d'Azur." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0339.
Full textThis geographical thesis aims to define and quantify territorial creativity in the south-eastern part of France through a multi-scales approach and by mobilizing several methods. Since the beginning of the 2000’s, the word creativity has been more and more used by local decision-makers and urban planners. But if this notion is particularly important within speeches or territorial strategies, it remains a confusing word. Therefore, our analysis first focuses on a theoretical and critical study which allows to seize the large diversity of both the stakes and limits within such a subject. At the same time, it is undoubtably necessary to complete this epistemological frame with an empirical approach based on the study of three different fields which are : the SUD – Provence Alpes Côte d’Azur region, the metropolitan area called Aix-Marseille Provence and finally, the sixteen districts of Marseille. Thank to this second part, the thesis underlines the huge diversity of creative forms (i.e. creative industries, cultural and creative amenities, big events, street-art…) and the territorial impacts that are linked to them. Finally, through several examples and by using numerous methods (i.e. statistic data, questionnaires, interviews, press analysis, maps…), this geographical thesis aims to assess the strengths and the weaknesses of territorial creativity in the south-east of France
Reynaud, Bernard. "Transmission des virus de la striure, du stripe et de la mosai͏̈que du mai͏̈s par leurs vecteurs Cicadulina Mbila (Naude, 1924) et Peregrinus maidis (Ashmead, 1890) (Homoptera) : approches biologique, génétique et épidémiologique de la relation vecteur-virus-plante." Montpellier 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON20223.
Full textChabbi, Mourad. "Surpuissance et sous-complexe régional : application pour une étude sécuritaire de l'Iran au sein du Golfe depuis 1989." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO30062.
Full textThis thesis deals with the evolution of the Islamic Republic of Iran’s behavior in its region, this behavior being considered as the main international problem of the last decade. This research will focus on the Gulf Region and more precisely on the interaction existing between Iran and its immediate environment. The idea behind this work is that Iran’s political and safety evolution has been influenced by the issues arising from the intrusion of a global player. More precisely, this work intends to highlight a strong correlation between, on the one hand, theories coming from the analysis of safety aspects and, on the other hand, the evolution of Iran’s positioning within the new structure of the international system
Grison, Jean-Baptiste. "La très petite commune en France : héritage sans avenir ou modèle original ?" Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00658977.
Full textCumoli, Flavia. "Periferie e mondi operai: immigrazione, spazi sociali e ambiti culturali negli anni '50." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210345.
Full textLa thèse développe une analyse parallèle des deux études de cas en suivant un fil argumentatif unitaire, qui s’ouvre avec une enquête sur les flux migratoires et les contextes d’accueil des migrations. Dans les deux premiers chapitres nous avons analysé le contexte économique, social et territorial dans lequel s’inscrivent les processus migratoires. Pour le cas belge, nous avons analysé le cycle de l’industrie charbonnière, le processus de dépopulation de la Wallonie et les mécanismes qui règlent les flux, c'est-à-dire une migration contractée par les deux gouvernements. En ce qui concerne le cas milanais, nous avons tracé les contours de la très rapide urbanisation, qui a conduit toute une série de communes limitrophes à Milan à entrer dans l’orbite métropolitaine et à se qualifier comme des pôles périphériques.
Après avoir tracé les contours du cadre général, nous avons fait face, dans la deuxième partie, à la question plus spécifique du logement et des formes d’installations. Pour le cas louviérois, nous avons reconstruit les conditions de logement et la très difficile confrontation des premiers immigrés avec le monde du travail charbonnier, l’absence d’une initiative publique dans le secteur du logement jusqu’en 1954, faiblement compensé par l’initiative patronale, et la phase suivante des années 1950, qui a mené à la stabilisation des immigrés dans la région. De Sesto San Giovanni nous avons reconstruit la transition complexe vers la périphérie métropolitaine, à partir des installations rurales jusqu’aux politiques publiques locales et nationales de construction de grands ensembles, en soulignant comment cette intervention urbanistique était au centre d’un débat très vif sur l’aménagement du territoire, qui a débouché sur la création d’institutions administratives régionales. Dans la dernière partie de la recherche nous avons plutôt approfondi les aspects sociaux et culturels des parcours d’installation et d’intégration dans les deux tissus urbains. C’est en cette partie que nous avons utilisé davantage les sources orales, afin d’analyser les perceptions de soi, les mécanismes de construction de l’identité sociale et donc tous les changements que la migration, le rencontre avec la ville et l’industrie ont entraîné dans les organisations familiales, dans les perspectives de vie, les aspirations et les projets des migrants. À partir de l’analyse de ces parcours, dans le chapitre conclusif nous avons interrogé quelques catégories historiques et sociologiques classiques des études migratoires: d’abord le sens d’appartenance à la communauté d’origine et le développement d’un sens d’identité nationale, ensuite le processus de formation d’une solidarité de classe, qui dans les deux contextes a pris des formes sensiblement distinctes surtout par rapport aux différences dans la mémoire de l’expérience migratoire.
Doctorat en Histoire, art et archéologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Madore, Anne-Marie. "Distribution géographique de certains polymorphismes associés à des maladies inflammatoires chroniques dans les régions administratives du Québec." Thèse, 2005. http://constellation.uqac.ca/592/1/24082364.pdf.
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