Academic literature on the topic 'Régression de cycle C4→C3'
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Journal articles on the topic "Régression de cycle C4→C3"
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Sherry, A. D., P. Zhao, A. J. Wiethoff, F. M. H. Jeffrey, and C. R. Malloy. "Effects of aminooxyacetate on glutamate compartmentation and TCA cycle kinetics in rat hearts." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 274, no. 2 (February 1, 1998): H591—H599. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1998.274.2.h591.
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The nonspecific transaminase inhibitor aminooxyacetate (AOA) has multiple influences on the dynamics of13C appearance in glutamate in rat hearts as measured by 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) without altering O2 consumption or tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle flux. These include the following: 1) a reduced rate of13C enrichment at glutamate C3 and C4; 2) a near coalescence of the C3 and C4 fractional enrichment curves; 3) a dramatic alteration in the time-dependent evolution of the glutamate C4 multiplets, C4S and C4D34; and 4) a decrease in the NMR visibility of glutamate. A fit of the13C fractional enrichment curves of glutamate C4 and C3 in the absence of inhibitor to a kinetic model of the TCA cycle gave values for transaminase flux of 7.5 μmol ⋅ min−1 ⋅ g dry wt−1 and TCA cycle flux of 7.5 μmol ⋅ min−1 ⋅ g dry wt−1, thereby confirming reports by others that the kinetics of13C enrichment of glutamate C3 and C4 in heart tissue is significantly affected by flux through reactions other than TCA cycle. The 13C fractional enrichment data collected in the presence of 0.5 mM AOA could not be fitted using this same kinetic model. However, kinetic simulations demonstrated that the time-dependent changes in C4S and C4D34 are only consistent with a 10-fold reduction in the size of intermediate pools undergoing rapid turnover in the TCA cycle. We conclude that inhibition of glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase by AOA effectively reduces the size of the α-ketoglutarate pool in rapid exchange with the TCA cycle. Our data indicate that changes in glutamate multiplet areas in the13C NMR spectra of heart (as demonstrated by glutamate C4S and C4D34) are more sensitive to alterations in metabolic pool sizes in exchange with the TCA cycle than are measurements of 13C fractional enrichment at glutamate C3 and C4.
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Hattersley, PW, and NE Stone. "Photosynthetic Enzyme Activities in the C3-C4 Intermediate Neurachne minor S. T . Blake (Poaceae)." Functional Plant Biology 13, no. 3 (1986): 399. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pp9860399.
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The activities of eight key photosynthetic enzymes were measured in leaf blade extracts of the C3-C4 intermediate Neurachne minor S. T. Blake, its C3 and C4 relatives, C3-C4 Panicum milioides Nees ex Trin., and controls (all Poaceae). Phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) carboxylase (PEPC) activity in N. minor (5.46 �mol mg Chl-1 min-1) is higher than previously reported for any other C3-C3 plant, and the ratio of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase activity to PEPC activity is lower than for P. milioides or C3 species. Activity of pyruvate,PI dikinase (up to 0.88 �mol mg Chl-1 min-1) is 3-5 times higher than in P. milioides. Assays of NADP-malic enzyme (NADP-ME), NAD-malic enzyme (NAD-ME) and PEP carboxykinase (PCK) show Paraneurachne muelleri (Hack.) S. T. Blake and Neurachne munroi (F. Muell.) F. Muell., N. minor's two close C4 relatives, to be NADP-ME type, as predicted from leaf anatomy. Aspartate and alanine aminotransferase activities in these species are higher than expected, however. N. minor (C3-C4) exhibits higher C4 acid decarboxylase activity than C3 species or P. milioides, for NADP-ME only (up to 1.07 �mol mg Chl-1 min-1). Our results suggest that N. minor possesses a limited C4 acid cycle, and that it is the most C4-like C3-C4 intermediate grass currently identified, comparable with some of the known C3-C4 Flaveria (Asteraceae) species.
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Krall, JP, GE Edwards, and MSB Ku. "Quantum Yield of Photosystem II and Efficiency of CO2 Fixation in Flaveria (Asteraceae) Species under Varying Light and CO2." Functional Plant Biology 18, no. 4 (1991): 369. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pp9910369.
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The quantum yields of electron transport from photosystem II (PSII) (Φe, determined from chlorophyll a fluorescence), and CO2 assimilation (ΦCO2, photosynthetic rate/light intensity) were measured simultaneously in vivo with representative species of Flaveria which show a progression in development between C3 and C4 photosynthesis and in reduction of photorespiration. These were F. pringlei (C3), F. sonorensis (C3-C4, but lacking a C4 cycle), F. floridana (C3-C4, with partially functional C4 cycle), F. brownii (C4-like) and F. bidentis (C4). The level of PSII activity with varying CI under 210 mbar O2 was very similar in all species. However, the progressive development of C4 characteristics among the species produced an increased efficiency in utilisation of PSII derived energy for CO2 assimilation under 210 mbar O2, due to reduced photorespiratory losses at low CO2 levels. In all species, when photorespiration was limited by low O2 (20 mbar), there was a linear or near linear relationship between the quantum yield of PSII v. the quantum yield of CO2 fixation with varying intercellular levels of CO2 (Ci) indicating that CO2 fixation in this case is linked to PSII activity. When switching from 20 to 210 mbar O2 at atmosphere levels of CO2, there was a similar decrease in the efficiency in utilising PSII activity for CO2 assimilation at different light intensities, but the degree of sensitivity to O2 progressively decreased among the species concomitant with the development of C4 photosynthesis. These results may help explain why there is an advantage to evolution of C4 photosynthesis in environments where Ci becomes limiting.
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Salgia, Ravi, Benjamin J. Solomon, Alice Tsang Shaw, D. Ross Camidge, Tracey L. Evans, Dong-Wan Kim, Yuankai Shi, et al. "Visual effects in anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with crizotinib." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2012): 7596. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.7596.
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7596 Background: Crizotinib is an ALK inhibitor indicated in the US for advanced ALK-positive NSCLC. Visual effects reported by patients treated with crizotinib were characterized using the Visual Symptom Assessment Questionnaire (VSAQ). Methods: Patients with previously treated, advanced ALK-positive NSCLC were administered 250 mg BID crizotinib in an ongoing phase II study (PROFILE1005, NCT00932451; Pfizer). Patients completed the VSAQ at day 1 of each 21 day cycle and at end of treatment. The VSAQ has a recall period of 3 weeks and consists of 7 questions assessing presence, frequency, timing, duration and degree of bother of visual effects and their impact on Activities of Daily Living (ADL). The visual effects assessed included appearance of overlapping shadows/after images, flashing lights and streamers/strings/floaters, difficulty adapting to lights and seeing at night. Patients rated degree of bother on a 5-point scale ranging from ‘not at all’ to ‘extremely’. Impact on ADL was measured using a 10-point scale (0: no effect; 10: completely prevented ADL). Frequency analyses were performed. Results: As of June 1 2011, visual effects as identified by VSAQ were reported by 63% (114/182) of patients at cycle 2 (C2), 57% at C3 (85/149), 52% at C4 (64/123) and 41% at C5 (46/112). The most commonly experienced visual events were appearance of flashing lights (C2:81%; C3:82%; C4:84%; C5: 76%), streamers/strings/floaters (C2: 83%; C3:78%; C4: 81%; C5:87%) and overlapping shadows/after images (C2:70%; C3:77%; C4:87%; C5:84%). Most patients reported each event to last ≤1 minute (C2:61%; C3:71%; C4:77%; C5: 70%). Majority of patients reported event frequency at each cycle of < 7 days/wk (50–78%). Patients reported that the visual effects occurred mostly in the morning (52–62%) and/or evening (62–73%). Majority of patients reported that visual effects were not at all or a little bothersome (C2:62%; C3:61%; C4:66%; C5:65%). Majority of patients indicated no or minimal impact on ADL (C2:80%; C3:80%; C4:83%; C5:87%). Conclusions: Visual effects identified by VSAQ in patients treated with crizotinib were frequent, but were reported to be transient with no or minimal impact on ADL.
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Balcaen, A., E. Claeys, V. Fievez, P. Boeckx, O. van Cleemput, and S. de Smet. "Stable carbon isotope analysis of faecal and blood samples of sheep in relation to the diet." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2003 (2003): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200013181.
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Stable isotopes have been extraordinarily helpful in understanding animal migration, diet, food webs and nutrient flow (Hilderbrand et al., 1996), based on the property that C3 and C4 plants possess distinctly different 13C/12C ratios (δ13C value) due to isotopic fractionation during photosynthetic carbon fixation (Smith & Epstein, 1971). Most woody species and temperate graminoids assimilate carbon via the Calvin cycle (C3), which discriminates stronger against the heavier isotope (13C) than Hatch-Slack (C4) species (tropical and subtropical graminoids and some shrubs). C3 and C4 plant species have mean δ13C values of -27 ‰ and -13 ‰ respectively (O’Leary, 1981). DeNiro & Epstein (1978) were one of the first to show that the isotopic composition of the whole animal body is similar to that of its diet. Other authors have also found relationships between the isotopic composition of animal tissues and the diet (González-Martin et al., 1999; Jones et al., 1979). The aim of this study was to investigate stable carbon isotope composition in sheep fed diets consisting of either C3 or C3+C4 plants.
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Mason, Graeme F., Douglas L. Rothman, Kevin L. Behar, and Robert G. Shulman. "NMR Determination of the TCA Cycle Rate and α-Ketoglutarate/Glutamate Exchange Rate in Rat Brain." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 12, no. 3 (May 1992): 434–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/jcbfm.1992.61.
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A mathematical model of cerebral glucose metabolism was developed to analyze the isotopic labeling of carbon atoms C4 and C3 of glutamate following an intravenous infusion of [1-13C]glucose. The model consists of a series of coupled metabolic pools representing glucose, glycolytic intermediates, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediates, glutamate, aspartate, and glutamine. Based on the rate of 13C isotopic labeling of glutamate C4 measured in a previous study, the TCA cycle rate in rat brain was determined to be 1.58 ± 0.41 μmol min−1 g−1 (mean ± SD, n = 5). Analysis of the difference between the rates of isotopic enrichment of glutamate C4 and C3 permitted the rate of exchange between α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) and glutamate to be assessed in vivo. In rat brain, the exchange rate between α-KG and glutamate is between 89 ± 35 and 126 ± 22 times faster than the TCA cycle rate (mean ± SD, n = 4). The sensitivity of the calculated value of the TCA cycle rate to other metabolic fluxes and to concentrations of glycolytic and TCA cycle intermediates was tested and found to be small.
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Stitt, Mark, Gian Luca Borghi, and Stéphanie Arrivault. "Targeted metabolite profiling as a top-down approach to uncover interspecies diversity and identify key conserved operational features in the Calvin–Benson cycle." Journal of Experimental Botany 72, no. 17 (June 22, 2021): 5961–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erab291.
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Abstract Improving photosynthesis is a promising avenue to increase crop yield. This will be aided by better understanding of natural variance in photosynthesis. Profiling of Calvin–Benson cycle (CBC) metabolites provides a top-down strategy to uncover interspecies diversity in CBC operation. In a study of four C4 and five C3 species, principal components analysis separated C4 species from C3 species and also separated different C4 species. These separations were driven by metabolites that reflect known species differences in their biochemistry and pathways. Unexpectedly, there was also considerable diversity between the C3 species. Falling atmospheric CO2 and changing temperature, nitrogen, and water availability have driven evolution of C4 photosynthesis in multiple lineages. We propose that analogous selective pressures drove lineage-dependent evolution of the CBC in C3 species. Examples of species-dependent variation include differences in the balance between the CBC and the light reactions, and in the balance between regulated steps in the CBC. Metabolite profiles also reveal conserved features including inactivation of enzymes in low irradiance, and maintenance of CBC metabolites at relatively high levels in the absence of net CO2 fixation. These features may be important for photosynthetic efficiency in low light, fluctuating irradiance, and when stomata close due to low water availability.
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Zhang, Xuecai, Paulino Pérez-Rodríguez, Juan Burgueño, Michael Olsen, Edward Buckler, Gary Atlin, Boddupalli M. Prasanna, Mateo Vargas, Félix San Vicente, and José Crossa. "Rapid Cycling Genomic Selection in a Multiparental Tropical Maize Population." G3 Genes|Genomes|Genetics 7, no. 7 (July 1, 2017): 2315–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1534/g3.117.043141.
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Abstract Genomic selection (GS) increases genetic gain by reducing the length of the selection cycle, as has been exemplified in maize using rapid cycling recombination of biparental populations. However, no results of GS applied to maize multi-parental populations have been reported so far. This study is the first to show realized genetic gains of rapid cycling genomic selection (RCGS) for four recombination cycles in a multi-parental tropical maize population. Eighteen elite tropical maize lines were intercrossed twice, and self-pollinated once, to form the cycle 0 (C0) training population. A total of 1000 ear-to-row C0 families was genotyped with 955,690 genotyping-by-sequencing SNP markers; their testcrosses were phenotyped at four optimal locations in Mexico to form the training population. Individuals from families with the best plant types, maturity, and grain yield were selected and intermated to form RCGS cycle 1 (C1). Predictions of the genotyped individuals forming cycle C1 were made, and the best predicted grain yielders were selected as parents of C2; this was repeated for more cycles (C2, C3, and C4), thereby achieving two cycles per year. Multi-environment trials of individuals from populations C0, C1, C2, C3, and C4, together with four benchmark checks were evaluated at two locations in Mexico. Results indicated that realized grain yield from C1 to C4 reached 0.225 ton ha−1 per cycle, which is equivalent to 0.100 ton ha−1 yr−1 over a 4.5-yr breeding period from the initial cross to the last cycle. Compared with the original 18 parents used to form cycle 0 (C0), genetic diversity narrowed only slightly during the last GS cycles (C3 and C4). Results indicate that, in tropical maize multi-parental breeding populations, RCGS can be an effective breeding strategy for simultaneously conserving genetic diversity and achieving high genetic gains in a short period of time.
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Angelo, Courtney L., and Curtis C. Daehler. "Temperature is the major driver of distribution patterns for C4 and C3 BEP grasses along tropical elevation gradients in Hawai‘i, and comparison with worldwide patterns." Botany 93, no. 1 (January 2015): 9–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2014-0075.
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The distribution patterns of C4 and C3 grasses in relation to climate have attracted much attention, but few studies have examined grass distributions along tropical elevation gradients. Previous studies identified either temperature, precipitation, or both variables as the major climatic factor(s) driving these distributions. Here we investigated relative dominance of C4 grasses in relation to climate along five elevation gradients in Hawai‘i. The transition temperature between C4 and C3 BEP (Bambusoideae, Ehrhartoideae, and Pooideae) grasses (where their relative dominance is equal) was determined; in our study, the subfamily Bambusoideae was not included. A worldwide synthesis of previous studies testing climatic factors and transition temperatures associated with C4 and C3 grass distributions was also carried out. Mean July maximum temperature was significantly correlated with C4 dominance along all elevation transects in Hawai‘i, while precipitation was only correlated along three transects when precipitation was correlated with temperature. A spatially explicit multiple regression model indicated that C4 relative cover was best explained by temperature. Temperature appears to be the major climatic factor shaping distribution patterns of C4 and C3 BEP grasses in Hawai‘i. According to the worldwide analysis, temperature primarily influenced grass distribution patterns more often in temperate studies (70%) than in tropical studies (45%). Degree of correlation or covariance between temperature and precipitation was rarely reported in previous studies, although this can strongly affect conclusions. C4-C3 BEP transition temperatures (mean July maximum) ranged from 18 to 21 °C in Hawai‘i; these transition temperatures are lower than those reported in temperate localities (26–31 °C), but similar to transition temperatures for other localities at tropical latitudes (21–22 °C). A warming climate is likely to shift C4 grass dominance upward in elevation, threatening higher elevation native communities by perpetuating a grass–fire cycle.
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Häusler, Rainer E., Heinz‐Josef Hirsch, Fritz Kreuzaler, and Christoph Peterhänsel. "Overexpression of C4‐cycle enzymes in transgenic C3 plants: a biotechnological approach to improve C3‐photosynthesis." Journal of Experimental Botany 53, no. 369 (April 1, 2002): 591–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jexbot/53.369.591.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Régression de cycle C4→C3"
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Karkour, Belkacem. "Les cyclopropanols chiraux et leur potentialité synthétique." Paris 11, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA112378.
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Cette thèse décrit une voie d'accès aux cyclopropanols chiraux et en étudie les potentialités synthétiques. Préparé à partir du méthyl-2 succinate de n-butyle, l'hydroxy-1 méthyl-2 cyclopropanecarboxaldéhyde est un précurseur de (vinylcarbinol)-1 cyclopropanols lesquels, subissent en milieu acide soit une extension de cycle C3→C4 régiospécifique en vinyl-2 cyclobutanones (BF3-Et20), soit une extension de cycle C3→C4→C5 en cyclopentène-2 ones (CH3S03H-P205). La réaction thermique des méthyl-2 vinylcyclopropanes donne par ène-réaction des produits d'ouverture de cycle limitant l'intérêt du réarrangement vinylcyclopropane-cyclopentène ; ce problème est contourné par cette nouvelle approche. Les (R)(+) et (S)(-) méthyl-2 succinates de méthyle, préparés par résolution enzymatique à l'aide de la lipase du pancréas de porc, sont cyclisés par réaction du type acyloïne en (R) et (S) méthyl-3 disiloxycyclobutènes respectivement. Ceux-ci par régression de cycle stéréosélective C4 → C3 en milieu basique, donnent accès sans altération du centre chiral à des hydroxy-1 cyclopropanecarbo xaldéhydes, utilisés pour préparer des (vinylcarbinol)-1 cyclopropanols optiquement actifs. Une extension de cycle C3→C4 régio- et stéréospécifique conduit alors aux vinyl-2 cyclobutanones avec une très bonne énantiosélectivité. Ces composés ont été utilisés pour préparer la (S)(+) méthyl-5 cyclohexène-2-one et un buténolide : la quercus lactone b. Les vinyl-2 cyclobutanones sont des précurseurs de cycle en C5, C6 et C8, cette méthodologie, ne mettant pas en jeu d'ions cyclopropylcarbinyl vrais comme le prouve la stéréospécificité des réarrangements, permet donc, à partir de succinates chiraux, d'envisager la synthèse totale de produits naturels de structures variéesThe aim of this thesis is the preparation and study of the synthetic potential of chiral cyclopropanols. The 1-hydroxy 2-methyl cyclopropanecarboxaldehyde available from 2-methylsuccinate, is used to prepare 1-(vinylcarbinol} cyclopropanols which, undergo acid induced C3 C4 regiospecific ring expansion into 2-vinyl cyclobutanones (BF3-Et20) or C3 -+ C4 --+- C5 ring expansion into cyclopenten-2- ones (CH3S03H-P205). The thermal rearrangement of 2-methyl vinylcyclopropanes leads by an ene-reaction to ring-opened products ; therefore the limitation of the thermal vinylcyclopropane-cyclopentene ring enlargement is removed by this new approach. (R)(+) and (S)(-). Dimethyl 2-methylsuccinates, now available from enantiose lective hydrolysis by porcine pancreatic lipase, undergo acyloin type cyclization into (R) and (S) 3-methyl-1,2-disiloxycyclobutene, respectively. Base-induced stereoselective C4 C3 ring contraction of these cyclobutenes provides 1-hydroxycyclopropanecarboxaldehydes which are used to prepare optically active 1-alkenylcyclopropanols. Then, acid-induced regio- and stereospecific C3---+ C4 ring enlargement leads to 2-vinylcyclobutanones with high enantiomeric excesses. These compounds are used to synthetize (S) 5-methyl cyclohexen-2-one and abutenolide ; i. E. The quercus lactone b2-Vinylcyclobutanones are efficient precursors of 5-, 6- and 8-membered rings. Therefore, this new methodology, which does not involve cyclopropylcarbiny1 cations as proven by the stereospecificity of the rearrangements, allows one to prepare from chiral succinates natural compounds bearing different frameworks
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Ollivier, Jean. "Les cyclopropanols précurseurs de composés cyclopentaniques : application à la synthèse totale de produits naturels." Paris 11, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA112003.
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Les travaux exposés dans cette thèse sont relatifs : 1) à l'éthoxy-l cyclopropanol : sa condensation avec les acétyléniques métallés conduit aux cyclopropanols propargyliques qui, après réduction et silylation permettent d'obtenir des siloxy-l vinyl-l cyclopropanes subissant par thermolyse l'extension de cycle C3 ---> C5 en éthers d ‘énols silyliques de cyclopentanones alkylables en cyclopentanones α, ʓ-disubstituées. Selon ce schéma réactionnel, nous avons pu réaliser la synthèse totale de la désoxy-ll prostaglandine E₂, produit naturel à propriétés hypotensives ; 2) à l'hydroxy-l cyclopropanecarboxaldéhyde : protégé sous forme d'éther silylique ou tétrahydropyrannylique, ce synthon permet un accès relativement aisé aux siloxy-l vinyl-l cyclopropanes alkylés sur la double liaison du vinyle et pouvant donc par thermolyse puis par simple hydrolyse ou déhydrosilylation conduire respectivement à des cyclopentanones et cyclopenténones α, ʓ-disubsti tuées en évitant ainsi l'alkylation délicate des éthers d’énols silyliques de cyclopentanones. Une application à la synthèse de la Dicranénone A, cyclopenténone α’, ʓ’-disubstituée, produit naturel possédant des activités antibiotiques a été réalisée à partir de ce synthonThe aim of this thesis is the synthetic applications of two peculiar cyclopropanols : l) The l-ethoxycyclopropanol, is converted into propargylic cyclopropanols upon treatment with acetylenic magnesium bromide or lithium. Hydride reduction and O-silylation lead to l-siloxy l-vinylcyclopropanes which undergo thermal C3 ---> C5 ring enlargement into l-siloxycyclopentenes ; then , these enol ethers are regiospecifically alkylated into 2, 3-disubstituted cyclopentanones. This scheme is illustrated by the total synthesis of ± ll-deoxyprostaglandin E₂ methyl ester. 2) The l-hydroxycyclopropanecarboxaldehyde tetrahydropyranyl and silylated ethers provide l-siloxy-l-vinylcyclopropanes which, after thermal rearrangement lead directly to 2,3-disubstituted cyclopentanones and cyclopentenones upon hydrolysis or dehydrosilylation, so avoiding the quite delicate enol ether alkylation. Dicranenones, new fatty acids structurally similar to prostanoids and jasmanoids, having antimicrobial activity, are prepared from this new synthon
Book chapters on the topic "Régression de cycle C4→C3"
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Monson, Russell K. "Evidence for Inefficient C4-Cycle Function in C3-C4 Intermediate Flaveria Species: Implications for C4 Evolution." In Progress in Photosynthesis Research, 641–44. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0516-5_136.
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Brugnoli, E., M. C. De Tullio, M. C. Monteverdi, M. Lauteri, and A. Scartazza. "Xanthophyll Cycle Components and Energy Dissipation in Sun and Shade Leaves of C3 and C4 Plants." In Photosynthesis: from Light to Biosphere, 3043–46. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0173-5_713.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Régression de cycle C4→C3"
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Jafarpour, Marjan, and Rosimah Nulit. "An overview of over-expression of C4-cycle enzymes into C3 plants." In 2011 National Postgraduate Conference (NPC). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/natpc.2011.6136448.
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Hormozi, Mohammad R., Farid Biglari, and Kamran M. Nikbin. "Study of Sensitivity of Damage Parameters c1, c2, c3 and c4 on FB2 Material Under Low Cycle Fatigue Test." In ASME 2012 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2012-78810.
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Many engineering components in power generation plants, gas turbines and petro-chemical industries operating at high temperatures undergo creep-fatigue loading conditions and they are almost invariably submitted to static, combined cycle loading or even both simultaneously. The failure can, therefore, be due to net section rupture, crack growth or a combination of both. To assess the life of such components, fracture mechanics assessment models are required throughout the entire life of the components in order to avoid potential catastrophic failures in the future. Some materials are designed with high thermal gradients to operate at high temperature environments and they are subject to cyclic strains that are produced thermally and mechanically and under these cyclic temperatures and strains, thermo-mechanical fatigue (TMF) damage occurs which will lead to the initiation of cracking and subsequent crack growth. In this paper a novel sensitivity analysis of the damage parameters c1, c2, c3 and c4 on hysteresis loops has been used based on Taguchi method in conjunction with the numerical and experimental investigation of low cycle fatigue life of 9Cr steel to predict the damage under low cycle fatigue.