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Journal articles on the topic 'Regressive saccades'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

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1

Ward, Lindsey M., and Zoi Kapoula. "Dyslexics’ Fragile Oculomotor Control Is Further Destabilized by Increased Text Difficulty." Brain Sciences 11, no. 8 (2021): 990. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11080990.

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Dyslexic adolescents demonstrate deficits in word decoding, recognition, and oculomotor coordination as compared to healthy controls. Our lab recently showed intrinsic deficits in large saccades and vergence movements with a Remobi device independent from reading. This shed new light on the field of dyslexia, as it has been debated in the literature whether the deficits in eye movements are a cause or consequence of reading difficulty. The present study investigates how these oculomotor problems are compensated for or aggravated by text difficulty. A total of 46 dyslexic and 41 non-dyslexic ad

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Baker, M. R., J. Henderson, and A. Hill. "Does Inverting Text Improve Reading Performance in Homonymous Hemianopes?" Perception 26, no. 1_suppl (1997): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/v970039.

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Anecdotal information from rehabilitation practice of reading performance and low-vision practice suggests that where right homonymous parafoveal field loss impairs reading at the visual-sensory level, an improvement in reading speed can be achieved by inverting the text. This is because whilst left-field loss is considered to impair return eye movements to the beginning of a line, right-field loss is considered to reduce the spatial size of the perceptual window and increase its temporal extent by prolonging fixations times, reducing the amplitudes of saccades to the right, and introducing fr

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Ohtsuka, K., and H. Noda. "Discharge properties of Purkinje cells in the oculomotor vermis during visually guided saccades in the macaque monkey." Journal of Neurophysiology 74, no. 5 (1995): 1828–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1995.74.5.1828.

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1. We previously described discharge properties of cerebellar output cells in the fastigial nucleus during ipsilateral and contralateral saccades. Fastigial cells exhibited unique responses depending on the direction of saccades and were involved in execution of accurate targeting saccades. Purkinje cells in the oculomotor vermis (lobules VIc and VII) are thought to modulate these discharges of fastigial cells. In this study we reexamine discharge properties of Purkinje cells on the basis of this hypothesis. 2. Initially we physiologically identified the right and left sides of the oculomotor

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Perea, Manuel, and Manuel Carreiras. "Regressions and eye movements: Where and when." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 26, no. 4 (2003): 497. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x03420104.

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Reichle et al. argue that the mechanism that determines where to fixate the eyes is controlled mostly by low-level processes. Therefore, unlike other competing models (e.g., the SWIFT model), the E-Z Reader model cannot account for “global” regressions as a result of linguistic difficulties. We argue that the model needs to be extended to account for regressive saccades.

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Kennedy, Alan, and Wayne S. Murray. "Spatial Coordinates and Reading: Comments on Monk (1985)." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A 39, no. 4 (1987): 649–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14640748708401807.

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Subjects are able to process some texts when they are presented, word-by-word, in a single physical location. As differential spatial information is not available in this task, Monk (1985a) argues that it need not be derived in normal reading. We suggest this conclusion is unwarranted, because subjects make large and very accurate regressive saccades to regions of previously fixated text. Without a representation of spatial coordinates this should not occur.

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Itoh, Hideaki, Hiroyuki Nakahara, Okihide Hikosaka, Reiko Kawagoe, Yoriko Takikawa, and Kazuyuki Aihara. "Correlation of Primate Caudate Neural Activity and Saccade Parameters in Reward-Oriented Behavior." Journal of Neurophysiology 89, no. 4 (2003): 1774–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00630.2002.

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Changes in the reward context are associated with changes in neuronal activity in the basal ganglia as well as changes in motor outputs. A typical example is found in the caudate (CD) projection neurons and saccade parameters. It raised the possibility that the changes in CD neuronal activity contribute to the changes in saccade parameters. To examine this possibility, we calculated the correlation coefficients (CORs) of the firing rates of each neuron with saccade parameters (peak saccade velocity and latency) on a trial-by-trial basis. We then calculated the mean CORs separately for two CD p

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Goolsby, Thomas W. "Eye Movement in Music Reading: Effects of Reading Ability, Notational Complexity, and Encounters." Music Perception 12, no. 1 (1994): 77–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40285756.

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Six types of eye movement were measured and recorded with an SRI Eyetracker: number of progressive and regressive fixations, durations of progressive and regressive fixations and lengths of progressive and regressive saccades. Twenty-four graduate music students were selected as skilled and less- skilled music readers. Eye position was measured every millisecond with a high degree of accuracy. The factorial design was 2 Groups x 4 Melodies x 3 Encounters (including a practice period). Results indicated that patterns of eye movement in the two groups were similar across melodies and encounters,

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de Brouwer, Sophie, Marcus Missal, Graham Barnes, and Philippe Lefèvre. "Quantitative Analysis of Catch-Up Saccades During Sustained Pursuit." Journal of Neurophysiology 87, no. 4 (2002): 1772–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00621.2001.

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During visual tracking of a moving stimulus, primates orient their visual axis by combining two very different types of eye movements, smooth pursuit and saccades. The purpose of this paper was to investigate quantitatively the catch-up saccades occurring during sustained pursuit. We used a ramp-step-ramp paradigm to evoke catch-up saccades during sustained pursuit. In general, catch-up saccades followed the unexpected steps in position and velocity of the target. We observed catch-up saccades in the same direction as the smooth eye movement (forward saccades) as well as in the opposite direct

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Nguyen, Viet Chau Linh, Guillaume Lio, Thomas Perret, Alice Gomez, and Angela Sirigu. "A crowding free digital interface to help French-speaking children learn to read." PLOS One 20, no. 6 (2025): e0323623. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0323623.

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Learning to read is a challenging task for first-graders. Letter crowding in the peripheral visual field has been identified as a key interference process during reading acquisition. To reduce crowding and enhance selective attention, we designed a new way to read (Digit-tracking) in which words and sentences appear blurred. By sliding the index finger along the blurred text, the letters just above the finger position appear unblurred and are seen in foveal vision. We hypothesized that this approach might facilitate orthographic decoding and promote reading skills. Using a tablet device, two g

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Mironets, Sofia, Marina Shurupova, and Anna Dreneva. "Reading in Children Who Survived Cerebellar Tumors: Evidence from Eye Movements." Vision 6, no. 1 (2022): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vision6010010.

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Cerebellar tumors often affect the eye movement centers located in vermis, negatively affecting cognitive development and learning abilities in children. Previous research has established that patients who survived cerebellar tumors tend to demonstrate various saccadic impairments (e.g., hypermetria) and poor gaze stability as compared to healthy controls. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the influence of oculomotor deficits in such patients on reading parameters. A total of 112 children (8–17 y.o.), 65 of whom survived cerebellar tumors, participated in the study. The study design

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Liu, Ziyuan, Kaiyun Zhang, Shuang Gao, Jiarui Yang, and Weiqiang Qiu. "Correlation between Eye Movements and Asthenopia: A Prospective Observational Study." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 23 (2022): 7043. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11237043.

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Purpose: To analyze the correlation between eye movements and asthenopia so as to explore the possibility of using eye-tracking techniques for objective assessment of asthenopia. Methods: This prospective observational study used the computer visual syndrome questionnaire to assess the severity of asthenopia in 93 enrolled college students (age 20–30) who complained about asthenopia. Binocular accommodation and eye movements during the reading task were also examined. The correlations between questionnaire score and accommodation examination results and eye movement parameters were analyzed. D

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Russo, G. S., and C. J. Bruce. "Effect of eye position within the orbit on electrically elicited saccadic eye movements: a comparison of the macaque monkey's frontal and supplementary eye fields." Journal of Neurophysiology 69, no. 3 (1993): 800–818. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1993.69.3.800.

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1. We quantitatively compared the effects of eye position within the orbit on saccadic eye movements electrically elicited from two oculomotor areas of the macaque monkey's frontal lobe cortex: the frontal eye field (FEF) and the supplementary eye field (SEF). 2. The effect of eye position on electrically elicited saccades was studied by delivering 70-ms trains of intracortical microstimulation while the monkeys fixated a spot of light. Tests of different fixation points located across a rectangular array were randomly intermixed. Complete experiments were carried out on 38 sites in three FEFs

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Olaf, Dimigen, Sommer Werner, and Kliegl Reinhold. "Long-range reading regressions are accompanied by a P600-like brain potential: Evidence from the co-registration of ERPs and eye movements." Journal of Eye Movement Research 1, no. 5 (2007): 129. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1401999.

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About 15% of reading saccades move the eyes backwards in the text. To study the neurophysiological correlates of such regressions, we co-registered gaze position and ERPs of 54 subjects during natural, left-to-right reading. Sentences were grammatically diverse but contained no syntactic violations or local ambiguities. Accompanying the onset of long-range regressions, we observed a late centroparietal positivity, closely resembling the P600 component commonly observed for syntactic violations and garden-path sentences in traditional ERP experiments. This suggests that the P600 indexes individ

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Schotter, Elizabeth R., Chuchu Li, and Tamar H. Gollan. "What reading aloud reveals about speaking: Regressive saccades implicate a failure to monitor, not inattention, in the prevalence of intrusion errors on function words." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 72, no. 8 (2019): 2032–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747021818819480.

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Bilinguals occasionally produce language intrusion errors (inadvertent translations of the intended word), especially when attempting to produce function word targets, and often when reading aloud mixed-language paragraphs. We investigate whether these errors are due to a failure of attention during speech planning, or failure of monitoring speech output by classifying errors based on whether and when they were corrected, and investigating eye movement behaviour surrounding them. Prior research on this topic has primarily tested alphabetic languages (e.g., Spanish–English bilinguals) in which

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Greenwood, John A., Martin Szinte, Bilge Sayim, and Patrick Cavanagh. "Variations in crowding, saccadic precision, and spatial localization reveal the shared topology of spatial vision." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 17 (2017): E3573—E3582. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1615504114.

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Visual sensitivity varies across the visual field in several characteristic ways. For example, sensitivity declines sharply in peripheral (vs. foveal) vision and is typically worse in the upper (vs. lower) visual field. These variations can affect processes ranging from acuity and crowding (the deleterious effect of clutter on object recognition) to the precision of saccadic eye movements. Here we examine whether these variations can be attributed to a common source within the visual system. We first compared the size of crowding zones with the precision of saccades using an oriented clock tar

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Ling, Leo, Albert Fuchs, Christoph Siebold, and Paul Dean. "Effects of Initial Eye Position on Saccade-Related Behavior of Abducens Nucleus Neurons in the Primate." Journal of Neurophysiology 98, no. 6 (2007): 3581–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00992.2007.

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Previous work suggests that when the eye starts at different orbital initial positions (IPs), the saccade control system is faced with significant nonlinearities. Here we studied the effects of IP on saccade-related firing of monkey abducens neurons by either isolating saccade variables behaviorally or applying a multiple linear regression analysis. Over a 50° range of IPs, we could select 10° horizontal saccades with identical velocity profiles, which would require identical control signals in a linear system. The bursts accompanying ipsiversive saccades for IPs above the threshold for steady

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Lee, Jungah, HyungGoo R. Kim, and Choongkil Lee. "Trial-to-Trial Variability of Spike Response of V1 and Saccadic Response Time." Journal of Neurophysiology 104, no. 5 (2010): 2556–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.01040.2009.

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Single neurons in the primary visual cortex (V1) show variability in spike activity in response to an identical visual stimulus. In the current study, we examined the behavioral significance of the variability in spike activity of V1 neurons for visually guided saccades. We recorded single-cell activity from V1 of monkeys trained to detect and make saccades toward visual targets of varying contrast and analyzed trial-to-trial covariation between the onset time or firing rate of neural response and saccadic response time (RT). Neural latency (NL, the time of the first spike of neural response)

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Nouraei, S. A. Reza, Jonathan C. P. Roos, Stewart R. Walsh, Jan K. Ober, Michael E. Gaunt, and Roger H. S. Carpenter. "Objective Assessment of the Hemisphere-Specific Neurological Outcome of Carotid Endarterectomy: A Quantitative Saccadometric Analysis." Neurosurgery 67, no. 6 (2010): 1534–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/neu.0b013e3181f8d36b.

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Abstract BACKGROUND: Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) improves the cerebrovascular prognosis of patients with carotid stenosis but carries a risk of causing postoperative neurological deterioration. OBJECTIVE: We assessed hemisphere-specific changes in saccadic eye movements to determine the utility of saccadometry as a quantitative neurosurgical outcome measure. METHODS: Visually evoked saccades were recorded at the bedside before and 2 days after surgery from 30 patients undergoing CEA for symptomatic carotid stenosis. Hemisphere-specific latency distributions were compared using Kolmogorov-Smir

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Kaneko, Chris R. S., and Kikuro Fukushima. "Discharge Characteristics of Vestibular Saccade Neurons in Alert Monkeys." Journal of Neurophysiology 79, no. 2 (1998): 835–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1998.79.2.835.

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Kaneko, Chris R. S. and Kikuro Fukushima. Discharge characteristics of vestibular saccade neurons in alert monkeys. J. Neurophysiol. 79: 835–847, 1998. We previously described a class of neurons, located in and around the interstitial nucleus of Cajal of the cat, that discharged during vestibular stimulation and before saccades. We called these neurons vestibular saccade neurons (VSNs). In the present study, we characterized similar neurons in the monkey. These neurons discharged before vertical saccades and during vertical vestibular stimulation as well as vertical smooth pursuit. Like cat VS

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Ellmore, Timothy M., Bridget Mackin, and Kenneth Ng. "Saccades and handedness interact to affect scene memory." PeerJ 6 (November 15, 2018): e5969. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5969.

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Repetitive saccades benefit memory when executed before retrieval, with greatest effects for episodic memory in consistent-handers. Questions remain including how saccades affect scene memory, an important visual component of episodic memory. The present study tested how repetitive saccades affect working and recognition memory for novel scenes. Handedness direction (left–right) and degree (strong/consistent vs. mixed/inconsistent) was measured by raw and absolute laterality quotients respectively from an 8-question handedness inventory completed by 111 adults. Each then performed either 30 s

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Goldman, Mark S., Chris R. S. Kaneko, Guy Major, Emre Aksay, David W. Tank, and H. S. Seung. "Linear Regression of Eye Velocity on Eye Position and Head Velocity Suggests a Common Oculomotor Neural Integrator." Journal of Neurophysiology 88, no. 2 (2002): 659–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.2002.88.2.659.

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The oculomotor system produces eye-position signals during fixations and head movements by integrating velocity-coded saccadic and vestibular inputs. A previous analysis of nucleus prepositus hypoglossi (nph) lesions in monkeys found that the integration time constant for maintaining fixations decreased, while that for the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) did not. On this basis, it was concluded that saccadic inputs are integrated by the nph, but that the vestibular inputs are integrated elsewhere. We re-analyze the data from which this conclusion was drawn by performing a linear regression of ey

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Cullen, Kathleen E., and Daniel Guitton. "Analysis of Primate IBN Spike Trains Using System Identification Techniques. I. Relationship to Eye Movement Dynamics During Head-Fixed Saccades." Journal of Neurophysiology 78, no. 6 (1997): 3259–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1997.78.6.3259.

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Cullen, Kathleen E. and Daniel Guitton. Analysis of primate IBN spike trains using system identification techniques. I. Relationship to eye movement dynamics during head-fixed saccades. J. Neurophysiol. 78: 3259–3282, 1997. The dynamic behavior of primate ( Macaca fascicularis) inhibitory burst neurons (IBNs) during head-fixed saccades was analyzed by using system identification techniques. Neurons were categorized as IBNs on the basis of their anatomic location as well as by their activity during horizontal head-fixed saccadic and smooth pursuit eye movements and vestibular nystagmus. Each IB

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Friedman, L., J. A. Jesberger, L. J. Siever, P. Thompson, R. Mohs, and H. Y. Meltzer. "Smooth pursuit performance in patients with affective disorders or schizophrenia and normal controls: analysis with specific oculomotor measures, RMS error and qualitative ratings." Psychological Medicine 25, no. 2 (1995): 387–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s003329170003628x.

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SynopsisSmooth pursuit performance in schizophrenia and affective disorders has generally been found to be abnormal using a variety of measures. The purpose of this study was to assess patients with these disorders and normal controls in order to compare the different measures across diagnoses. Smooth pursuit was assessed using quantitative specific measures (gain, catch-up saccade rate and amplitude, square-wave jerk rate, number of anticipatory saccades and total time scored), as well as two global measures: root mean-square error (RMS) and qualitative rating. As previously reported, patient

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McIlwain, James T. "Topography of eye-position sensitivity of saccades evoked electrically from the cat's superior colliculus." Visual Neuroscience 4, no. 3 (1990): 289–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523800003412.

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AbstractSaccades evoked electrically from the deep layers of the superior colliculus have been examined in the alert cat with its head fixed. Amplitudes of the vertical and horizontal components varied linearly with the starting position of the eye. The slopes of the linear-regression lines provided an estimate of the sensitivity of these components to initial eye position. In observations on 29 sites in nine cats, the vertical and horizontal components of saccades evoked from a given site were rarely influenced to the same degree by initial eye position. For most sites, the horizontal compone

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Özyurt, Jale, and Mark W. Greenlee. "Neural correlates of inter- and intra-individual saccadic reaction time differences in the gap/overlap paradigm." Journal of Neurophysiology 105, no. 5 (2011): 2438–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00660.2009.

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To examine the neural correlates of contextually differing control mechanisms in saccade initiation, we studied 18 subjects who performed two saccade paradigms in a pseudo-random order, while their eye movements were recorded in the MRI scanner (1.5 T). In the gap task the fixation point was extinguished 200 ms before target onset, and in the overlap task the fixation point vanished 500 ms after target onset. Subjects were asked to maintain stable fixation in the fixation period and to quickly saccade to peripherally presented targets. Inter-individual activation differences were assessed usin

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Landry, Alexander P., Windsor K. C. Ting, Zsolt Zador, Alireza Sadeghian, and Michael D. Cusimano. "Using artificial neural networks to identify patients with concussion and postconcussion syndrome based on antisaccades." Journal of Neurosurgery 131, no. 4 (2019): 1235–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2018.6.jns18607.

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OBJECTIVEArtificial neural networks (ANNs) have shown considerable promise as decision support tools in medicine, including neurosurgery. However, their use in concussion and postconcussion syndrome (PCS) has been limited. The authors explore the value of using an ANN to identify patients with concussion/PCS based on their antisaccade performance.METHODSStudy participants were prospectively recruited from the emergency department and head injury clinic of a large teaching hospital in Toronto. Acquaintances of study participants were used as controls. Saccades were measured using an automated,

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Van Pelt, S., J. A. M. Van Gisbergen, and W. P. Medendorp. "Visuospatial Memory Computations During Whole-Body Rotations in Roll." Journal of Neurophysiology 94, no. 2 (2005): 1432–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00018.2005.

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We used a memory-saccade task to test whether the location of a target, briefly presented before a whole-body rotation in roll, is stored in egocentric or in allocentric coordinates. To make this distinction, we exploited the fact that subjects, when tilted sideways in darkness, make systematic errors when indicating the direction of gravity (an allocentric task) even though they have a veridical percept of their self-orientation in space. We hypothesized that if spatial memory is coded allocentrically, these distortions affect the coding of remembered targets and their readout after a body ro

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Kitama, T., Y. Ohki, H. Shimazu, M. Tanaka, and K. Yoshida. "Site of interaction between saccade signals and vestibular signals induced by head rotation in the alert cat: functional properties and afferent organization of burster-driving neurons." Journal of Neurophysiology 74, no. 1 (1995): 273–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1995.74.1.273.

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1. Extracellular spikes of burster-driving neurons (BDNs) were recorded within and immediately below the prepositus hypoglossi nucleus in the alert cat. BDNs were characterized by short-latency activation after stimulation of the contralateral vestibular nerve (latency: 1.4-2.7 ms) and the ipsilateral superior colliculus (latency: 1.7-3.5 ms). Convergence of vestibular and collicular inputs was found in all of 85 BDNs tested. Firing of BDNs increased during contralateral horizontal head rotation and decreased during ipsilateral rotation. A burst of spikes was induced in association with contra

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Israël, I., C. André-Deshays, O. Charade, A. Berthoz, K. Popov, and M. Lipshits. "Gaze Control in Microgravity: 2. Sequences of Saccades toward Memorized Visual Targets." Journal of Vestibular Research 3, no. 3 (1993): 345–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ves-1993-3314.

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The reproduction, in complete darkness, of sequences of 5 horizontal saccades towards previously presented visual targets has been investigated in human subjects on the ground (control subjects) and one cosmonaut in microgravity. The incidence of corrective saccades during the execution of the memory-guided saccades in darkness has been examined. It was quite large for the control subjects (more than half of all saccades), and increased during the flight, while the corrective visually guided saccades incidence decreased. Direction errors occurred in about the third of all sequences on the grou

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Feick, N. H., T. L. Tyson, L. Arsintescu, P. F. Cravalho, L. S. Stone, and E. E. Flynn-Evans. "0310 Oculometrics Track Performance on the Psychomotor Vigilance Task During Acute Sleep Deprivation." Sleep 43, Supplement_1 (2020): A117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.307.

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Abstract Introduction Sleep deprivation and circadian misalignment impairs human sensorimotor performance and reduces vigilant attention, which increases the potential for errors in occupations that require 24-hour operations. The psychomotor vigilance task (PVT) is the gold-standard measure for evaluating the impact of sleepiness on performance, however, it is not practical to administer in many operational environments, because it only provides a snapshot of performance and requires an individual to focus on the task for several minutes, multiple times over a work shift. As a result, passive

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Orsini, Clara, Jonathan Dion, Antonio Sam Pierre, et al. "Evaluating vestibulo-ocular reflex gain and catch-up saccades following head impulses in normal aging." Journal of Vestibular Research 35, no. 1 (2024): 22–29. https://doi.org/10.1177/09574271241295616.

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Background The video head impulse test (vHIT) is vital in clinical setting for assessing vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) function in patients of all ages. However, how normal aging influence VOR gain and catch-up saccades remains unclear, thus leading to confusion in interpretation of vHIT results. Objective This study aims to compare VOR gain and saccades parameters (frequency, amplitude, and latency) between younger and older adults, while maintaining head velocity and acceleration within the same range. Methods A total of 24 younger and 24 older adults performed horizontal vHIT tests (ICS Imp

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Zhan, Zehui, Jun Wu, Hu Mei, Qianyi Wu, and Patrick S. W. Fong. "Individual difference on reading ability tested by eye-tracking: from perspective of gender." Interactive Technology and Smart Education 17, no. 3 (2020): 267–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/itse-12-2019-0082.

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Purpose This paper aims to investigate the individual difference on digital reading, by examining the eye-tracking records of male and female readers with different reading ability (including their pupil size, blink rate, fixation rate, fixation duration, saccade rate, saccade duration, saccade amplitude and regression rate). Design/methodology/approach A total of 74 participants were selected according to 6,520 undergraduate students’ university entrance exam scores and the follow-up reading assessments. Half of them are men and half are women, with the top 3% good readers and the bottom 3% p

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Klein, Christoph, Friedrich Foerster, Klaus Hartnegg, and Burkhart Fischer. "Lifespan development of pro- and anti-saccades: Multiple regression models for point estimates." Developmental Brain Research 160, no. 2 (2005): 113–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.devbrainres.2005.06.011.

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Pastor, A. M., B. Torres, J. M. Delgado-Garcia, and R. Baker. "Discharge characteristics of medial rectus and abducens motoneurons in the goldfish." Journal of Neurophysiology 66, no. 6 (1991): 2125–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1991.66.6.2125.

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1. The discharge of antidromically identified medial rectus and abducens motoneurons was recorded in restrained unanesthesized goldfish during spontaneous eye movements and in response to vestibular and optokinetic stimulation. 2. All medial rectus and abducens motoneurons exhibited a similar discharge pattern. A burst of spikes accompanied spontaneous saccades and fast phases during vestibular and optokinetic nystagmus in the ON-direction. Firing rate decreased for the same eye movements in the OFF-direction. All units showed a steady firing rate proportional to eye position beyond their recr

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Cullen, Kathleen E., and Daniel Guitton. "Analysis of Primate IBN Spike Trains Using System Identification Techniques. II. Relationship to Gaze, Eye, and Head Movement Dynamics During Head-Free Gaze Shifts." Journal of Neurophysiology 78, no. 6 (1997): 3283–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1997.78.6.3283.

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Cullen, Kathleen E. and Daniel Guitton. Analysis of primate IBN spike trains using system identification techniques. II. Relationship to gaze, eye, and head movement dynamics during head-free gaze shifts. J. Neurophysiol. 78: 3283–3306, 1997. We have investigated the relationships among the firing frequency B( t) of inhibitory burst neurons (IBNs) and the metrics and dynamics of the eye, head, and gaze (eye + head) movements generated during voluntary combined eye-head gaze shifts in monkey. The same IBNs were characterized during head-fixed saccades in our first of three companion papers. In

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Salman, Michael S., James A. Sharpe, Moshe Eizenman, et al. "Saccadic Adaptation in Chiari Type II Malformation." Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 33, no. 4 (2006): 372–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0317167100005321.

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Background:Saccadic adaptation corrects errors in saccadic amplitude. Experimentally-induced saccadic adaptation provides a method for studying motor learning. The cerebellum is a major participant in saccadic adaptation. Chiari type II malformation (CII) is a developmental deformity of the cerebellum and brainstem that is associated with spina bifida. We investigated the effects of CII on saccadic adaptation.Method:We measured eye movements using an infrared eye tracker in 21 subjects with CII (CII group) and 39 typically developing children (control group), aged 8-19 years. Saccadic adaptati

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Yoshida, Masako, and Akitoshi Seiyama. "Importance of two-dimensional gaze analyses in the assessment of reading performance in patients with retinitis pigmentosa." PLOS ONE 17, no. 12 (2022): e0278682. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0278682.

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The causes of reading difficulties in people with peripheral visual field loss are not fully understood. We conducted a two-dimensional gaze analysis on eye movements during reading in patients with retinitis pigmentosa to investigate the causes of reading difficulties in relation to the central visual field using a binocular eye mark recorder (EMR-9). Twenty-seven patients with retinitis pigmentosa whose central visual field narrowed to ≤ 20° using Goldmann kinetic perimetry (I/4 target) and this present study included eight healthy participants. The participants’ visual acuities were correct

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Oganov, S. R., and A. N. Kornev. "Oculomotor Referents of Reading Activity in Children with Dyslexia Aged 9–11." Физиология человека 49, no. 3 (2023): 34–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0131164622600872.

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The problem of printed text processing impairments in dyslexics is of current interest but not well developed. The integration of the activity approach and eye-tracking methods provides us the opportunity to manage the system structural and functional analysis the reading as an complex activity. The purpose of the present study was to examine the oculomotor behavior as referent of mental actions performed in the process of reading a written text by children with dyslexia. The study of the oculomotor behavior during a text reading in 9–11year children with dyslexia was carried out. An eye movem

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El Hmimdi, Alae Eddine, and Zoï Kapoula. "Can Saccade and Vergence Properties Discriminate Stroke Survivors from Individuals with Other Pathologies? A Machine Learning Approach." Brain Sciences 15, no. 3 (2025): 230. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci15030230.

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Recent studies applying machine learning (ML) to saccade and vergence eye movements have demonstrated the ability to distinguish individuals with dyslexia, learning disorders, or attention disorders from healthy individuals or those with other pathologies. Stroke patients are known to exhibit visual deficits and eye movement disorders. This study focused on saccade and vergence measurements using REMOBI technology V3 and the Pupil Core eye tracker. Eye movement data were automatically analyzed with the AIDEAL V3 (Artificial Intelligence Eye Movement Analysis) cloud software developed by Orasis

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Zaslow, Tracy, Nicole M. Mueske, Gene J. Yu, Adriana Conrad-Forrest, Bianca Edison, and Tishya A. L. Wren. "OCULOMOTOR FUNCTION IN ADOLESCENT ATHLETES FOLLOWING CONCUSSION." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 8, no. 4_suppl3 (2020): 2325967120S0015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967120s00150.

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Background: Visual impairments affect up to 90% of patients post-concussion. These impairments may include deficits in fixation accuracy, smooth pursuit, saccadic latencies, vergence, accommodation, and vestibule-ocular reflexes. Quantitative assessment of oculomotor function may provide a sensitive and objective measure of concussion diagnosis and recovery since coordinated eye movements require the use of diverse and widely dispersed areas of the brain. This study quantified oculomotor function over time in adolescents following concussion. Hypothesis/Purpose: We hypothesized that adolescent

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El Hmimdi, Alae Eddine, and Zoï Kapoula. "Distinguishing Dyslexia, Attention Deficit, and Learning Disorders: Insights from AI and Eye Movements." Bioengineering 12, no. 7 (2025): 737. https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering12070737.

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This study investigates whether eye movement abnormalities can differentiate between distinct clinical annotations of dyslexia, attention deficit, or school learning difficulties in children. Utilizing a selection of saccade and vergence eye movement data from a large clinical dataset recorded across 20 European centers using the REMOBI and AIDEAL technologies, this research study focuses on individuals annotated with only one of the three annotations. The selected dataset includes 355 individuals for saccade tests and 454 for vergence tasks. Eye movement analysis was performed with AIDEAL sof

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Lin, Hui-Ju, Li-Wei Chou, Kang-Ming Chang, Jing-Fong Wang, Sih-Huei Chen, and Rimuljo Hendradi. "Visual Fatigue Estimation by Eye Tracker with Regression Analysis." Journal of Sensors 2022 (January 24, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7642777.

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The traditional way to detect visual fatigue is to use the questionnaire or to use critical fusion frequency of high-frequency exchanges due to eye fatigue. The objective of this study was to explore whether eye movement behavior can be used as an objective tool to detect visual fatigue. Thirty-three participants were tested in this study. Their subjective visual fatigue survey, critical fusion frequency, and eye tracker of one minute gaze were measured before and after 20 minutes visual fatigue task. There were significant differences before and after visual fatigue task on survey and eye tra

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Wang, Keran, Wenjun Hou, Huiwen Ma, and Leyi Hong. "Eye-Tracking Characteristics: Unveiling Trust Calibration States in Automated Supervisory Control Tasks." Sensors 24, no. 24 (2024): 7946. https://doi.org/10.3390/s24247946.

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Trust is a crucial human factor in automated supervisory control tasks. To attain appropriate reliance, the operator’s trust should be calibrated to reflect the system’s capabilities. This study utilized eye-tracking technology to explore novel approaches, given the intrusive, subjective, and sporadic characteristics of existing trust measurement methods. A real-world scenario of alarm state discrimination was simulated and used to collect eye-tracking data, real-time interaction data, system log data, and subjective trust scale values. In the data processing phase, a dynamic prediction model

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Carrick, Frederick Robert, Melissa Hunfalvay, Takumi Bolte, et al. "Age- and Sex-Based Developmental Biomarkers in Eye Movements." Brain Sciences 14, no. 12 (2024): 1288. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci14121288.

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Background: Eye movement research serves as a critical tool for assessing brain function, diagnosing neurological and psychiatric disorders, and understanding cognition and behavior. Sex differences have largely been under reported or ignored in neurological research. However, eye movement features provide biomarkers that are useful for disease classification with superior accuracy and robustness compared to previous classifiers for neurological diseases. Neurological diseases have a sex specificity, yet eye movement analysis has not been specific to our understanding of sex differences. Metho

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Ronca, Vincenzo, Rossella Capotorto, Gianluca Di Flumeri, et al. "Optimizing EEG Signal Integrity: A Comprehensive Guide to Ocular Artifact Correction." Bioengineering 11, no. 10 (2024): 1018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering11101018.

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Ocular artifacts, including blinks and saccades, pose significant challenges in the analysis of electroencephalographic (EEG) data, often obscuring crucial neural signals. This tutorial provides a comprehensive guide to the most effective methods for correcting these artifacts, with a focus on algorithms designed for both laboratory and real-world settings. We review traditional approaches, such as regression-based techniques and Independent Component Analysis (ICA), alongside more advanced methods like Artifact Subspace Reconstruction (ASR) and deep learning-based algorithms. Through detailed

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Sandel Sherry, N., N. Ernst, J. Doman, C. Holland, H. Bitzer, and A. P. Kontos. "Incremental Validity of Components of the Vestibular/Ocular Motor Screening for Concussion." Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 34, no. 5 (2019): 769. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acz026.39.

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Abstract Purpose The Vestibular/Ocular Motor Screening (VOMS) tool for concussion evaluates symptom provocation (in a fixed order) across the following neuromotor tasks: smooth pursuits (SP), saccades-horizontal (Sac-H), saccades-vertical (Sac-V), near point of convergence (NPC), vestibular-ocular reflex-horizontal (VOR-H), vestibular-ocular reflex-vertical (VOR-V), and visual motion sensitivity (VMS). The current study evaluates the incremental validity of each VOMS component in consecutive order. Methods Retrospective record review of 193 subjects (49% male) aged 10–22 years old diagnosed wi

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Liu, Ting, and Takaya Yuizono. "Mind Mapping Training’s Effects on Reading Ability: Detection Based on Eye Tracking Sensors." Sensors 20, no. 16 (2020): 4422. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20164422.

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As a reading comprehension strategy, mind mapping has a positive influence on the development of students’ reading ability. However, how mind mapping affects reading ability has not been well documented. In this study, we used eye tracking sensors to explore mind mapping’s effects on reading ability. The participants were foreign language learning university students in Dalian city, China. One group received foreign language reading teaching integrated with mind mapping training (experimental group), and the other group received regular foreign language reading teaching (control group). We ana

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Jacobsen, Chris L., Emil R. Abrahamsen, Regitze K. Skals, and Dan D. Hougaard. "Is regression gain or instantaneous gain the most reliable and reproducible gain value when performing video head impulse testing of the lateral semicircular canals?" Journal of Vestibular Research 31, no. 3 (2021): 151–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ves-180669.

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BACKGROUND: Several different video Head Impulse Test (vHIT) systems exist. The function of each individual semicircular canal (SCC) may be determined by performing this test. All vHIT systems provide information about the function of the vestibular ocular reflex by means of two modalities: SACCADES and GAIN. However, different gain calculation methods exist. OBJECTIVE: Primary endpoint: • Is instantaneous gain or regression gain the most reproducible and reliable gain value when performing vHIT with testing of the lateral SCCs? Secondary endpoints: • Comparison of each of the instantaneous ga

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Mortazavi, Mohammad, Prem Thirunagari, Saikaashyap Sarva, and Monica Pita. "Microsaccadic Fixational Eye Movements as an Oculomotor Marker for Concussion." Neurology 98, no. 1 Supplement 1 (2021): S5.1—S5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000801776.06317.1f.

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ObjectiveTo identify whether concussion causes abnormalities in fixational eye movements, specifically the generation of microsaccades.BackgroundMicrosaccades are microscopic rapid eye movements that occur normally with attempted fixation. However, changes in microsaccade rate, magnitude, etc have been linked with neurologic and ophthalmic pathologies.Design/MethodsWe collected baseline data for college athletes (n = 116) at Sterling College (Sterling, KS) as they reported for the physical examination before the beginning of the athletic season. None of the athletes had a prior history of conc

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김현진. "Comparison of Saccade and Regression between Koreans and Advanced Non-Korean Learners during Reading Process-Utilizing Eye-tracking Technology-." Bilingual Research ll, no. 61 (2015): 67–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.17296/korbil.2015..61.67.

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