Relevant bibliographies by topics / Regulatory functions

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Regulatory functions'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 17 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Regulatory functions"

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Vasiliev, J. M., and V. I. Samoylov. "Regulatory functions of microtubules." Biochemistry (Moscow) 78, no. 1 (2013): 37–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0006297913010045.

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Means, Anthony R., Mark F. A. VanBerkum, Indrani Bagchi, Kun Ping Lu, and Colin D. Rasmussen. "Regulatory functions of calmodulin." Pharmacology & Therapeutics 50, no. 2 (1991): 255–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0163-7258(91)90017-g.

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Dragan, Popovic, Boli Evagelia, Popovic Milos, Savic Vladimir, Popovic Jasna, and Bojovic Milica. "The Structure of Connotative Dimensions Judo and Karate." Journal of Progressive Research in Social Sciences 3, no. 2 (2016): 176–83. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3972647.

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Abstract The research was conducted in order to determine the specificity of conative dimensions of judo and karate athletes as well as their differences. To determine the specificity of the structure of the tested anthropological dimensions, the researchers tested 200 judo and karate athletes, members of judo and karate clubs in Serbia (about 100 judokas and about 100 karatekas), aged 18 to 27. For the assessment of conative characteristics, the researchers chose the measuring instrument CON6 to assess the following conative regulators: activity regulator, regulator of organic functions, regulator of defense reactions, regulator of attack reactions, system for coordination of regulatory functions, and the system for integration of regulatory functions. All the data in this study were processed at the Multidisciplinary Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Pristina through the system of data processing software programs DRSOFT developed by [ 19, 28, 17 ]. The algorithms and programs realized in this study are fully presented, and the results of the programs are analyzed.
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Stampfel, Gerald, Tomáš Kazmar, Olga Frank, Sebastian Wienerroither, Franziska Reiter, and Alexander Stark. "Transcriptional regulators form diverse groups with context-dependent regulatory functions." Nature 528, no. 7580 (2015): 147–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature15545.

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Murakami, Makoto, Yoshihito Nakatani, Gen-ichi Atsumi, Keizo Inoue, and Ichiro Kudo. "Regulatory Functions of Phospholipase A2." Critical Reviews™ in Immunology 17, no. 3-4 (1997): 225–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/critrevimmunol.v17.i3-4.10.

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Murakami, Makoto, Yoshihito Nakatani, Gen-ichi Atsumi, Keizo Inoue, and Ichiro Kudo. "Regulatory Functions of Phospholipase A2." Critical Reviews in Immunology 37, no. 2-6 (2017): 121–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/critrevimmunol.v37.i2-6.20.

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Barczyk-Kahlert, K. "SP0160 Regulatory Functions of Macrophages." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 73, Suppl 2 (2014): 43.1–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.6186.

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Vakhitov, T. Ya, and L. N. Petrov. "Regulatory functions of bacterial exometabolites." Microbiology 75, no. 4 (2006): 415–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0026261706040084.

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Grzybowska, Ewa A., Anna Wilczynska, and Janusz A. Siedlecki. "Regulatory Functions of 3′UTRs." Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 288, no. 2 (2001): 291–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/bbrc.2001.5738.

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Fillatreau, Simon. "Regulatory functions of B cells and regulatory plasma cells." Biomedical Journal 42, no. 4 (2019): 233–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bj.2019.05.008.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Regulatory functions"

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Liu, Ruisheng. "Regulatory Functions of the Juxtaglomerular Apparatus." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2002. http://publications.uu.se/theses/91-554-5199-3/.

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Hamilton, Alexander Brian. "Immune functions & mechanisms of regulatory T cells." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648192.

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Smith, Richard LeRoy. "Cis-regulatory Sequence and Co-regulatory Transcription Factor Functions in ERα-Mediated Transcriptional Repression". BYU ScholarsArchive, 2009. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2261.

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Estrogens exert numerous actions throughout the human body, targeting healthy tissue while also enhancing the proliferative capacity of breast cancers. Estrogen signaling is mediated by the estrogen receptor (ER), which binds DNA and ultimately affects the expression of adjacent genes. Current understanding of ER-mediated transcriptional regulation is mostly limited to genes whose transcript levels increase following estrogen exposure, though recent studies demonstrate that direct down-regulation of estrogen-responsive genes is also a significant feature of ER action. We hypothesized that differences in cis-regulatory DNA was a factor in determining target gene expression and performed computational and experimental studies to test this hypothesis. From our in silico analyses, we show that the binding motifs for certain transcription factors are enriched in cis-regulatory sequences adjacent to repressed target genes compared to induced target genes, including the motif for RUNX1. In silico analyses were tested experimentally using dual luciferase reporter assays, which indicate that several ER binding sites are estrogen responsive. Mutagenesis of transcription factor motifs (for ER and RUNX1) reduced the response of reporter gene. Further experiments demonstrated that co-recruitment of ER and RUNX1 is necessary for repression of gene expression at some target genes. These findings highlight a novel interaction between ER and RUNX1 and their role in transcriptional repression in breast cancer.
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Fristedt, Rikard. "Regulatory Functions of Protein Phosphorylation in Plant Photosynthetic Membranes." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Cellbiologi, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-62303.

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Oxygenic photosynthesis is the process in plants, algae and cyanobacteria which converts light energy from the sun into carbohydrates and at the same time produces oxygen from water. Both carbohydrates and oxygen are essential to sustain life on earth. Sunlight is thus a necessity for life, but it can also cause severe problems for photosynthetic organisms, which have evolved several remarkable acclimation systems to cope with light fluctuations in the environment. In higher plants the light driven reactions of photosynthesis proceed in the chloroplast thylakoid membranes highly organized into stacked regions of grana and interconnecting stroma  lamellae. The grana structure is thought to provide functional benefits in the processes of acclimation of the photosynthetic apparatus, particularly in the quality control of photosystem II (PSII) were photodamaged PSII is repaired in a stepwise manner. These processes in the thylakoid membranes were suggested to be regulated by reversible phosphorylation of several proteins in PSII and in its light harvesting antennae complexes (LHCII). Two thylakoid protein kinases, called STN8 and STN7, have been previously identified as responsible for the phosphorylation of PSII and LHCII, respectively. However, molecular mechanisms and the exact functions of these protein phosphorylation events remained largely unknown. In this thesis research I have demonstrated that the PSII protein phosphorylation is needed for the maintenance of the thylakoid structure in Arabidopsis thaliana chloroplasts. A big part of the work on characterization of proteins and their phosphorylation has been done using novel mass spectrometry techniques, and we further developed a label-free method for quantitative studies of protein phosphorylation. The phosphorylation of PSII proteins was found to be diurnal regulated and required for maintenance of the cation-dependent functional stacking of the thylakoid membranes. This phosphorylation was further shown to be important for the regulated turnover of the D1 protein of PSII. Phosphorylation of the plant specific TSP9 protein was found to be dependent on STN7 kinase, and plants deficient in TSP9 showed reduced ability to perform the photosynthetic state transitions and to execute thermal dissipation of excess light energy under high light conditions. I also accomplished characterization of the protein phosphorylation in thylakoids from Arabidopsis plants subjected to high light treatment and discovered STN7-dependent phosphorylation of the antenna protein CP29 required for the adaptive disassembly of PSII supercomplexes in conditions of high light stress.
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Yang, Pei-Jung. "Regulatory functions during the transition to new school environments." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609242.

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Salerno, Paolo. "«Energy Regulatory Commission»: Character and functions after energy reform." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2016. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/115445.

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The Mexican energy reform in December 2013 has represented a radical change in the structure of the sector, which has grown from a public monopoly to a competitive market. This article aims to analyze the attributions and the legal and administrative nature which has be granted to the Energy Regulatory Commission (CRE) after the normative change that will play a key role in the correct implementation thereof. The nodal problem is to confirm if the CRE has being given the correct legal instruments to develop its function autonomously and transparently.<br>La reforma energética mexicana de diciembre de 2013 ha representado un cambio radical en la estructuración del sector, el cual ha pasado de ser un monopolio público a un mercado de libre competencia. El presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar las atribuciones y la naturaleza jurídico administrativa que se ha concedido a la Comisión Reguladora de Energía (CRE) tras el cambio normativo, dado que este, en calidad de organismo regulador del sector, tendrá un rol fundamental en la correcta implementación de la misma. El problema nodal de la cuestión reside en corroborar si se ha dotado a la CRE de los correctos instrumentos jurídicospara desenvolver su función de forma autónoma y transparente.
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FERRARI, ROBERTO. "MOLECULAR BASES OF SVP REGULATORY FUNCTIONS IN ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/521865.

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Flowering time regulation has a strong impact on plant life cycle, since it allows plants to flower and to reproduce under environmental permissive conditions. Several genes are involved in the regulatory pathways that determine the floral transition step, i.e. the switch from the plant vegetative phase to the reproductive phase and the consequent flower formation and fruit set. Among those genes, SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE (SVP), a MADS box transcription factor, acts as strong repressor of the so called florigen promoting genes, FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) and SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CO 1 (SOC1). Moreover, SVP has been also reported to act as a repressor of flower homeotic gene expression, thus ensuring the correct maintenance of floral meristem identity. Due to the relevance of SVP in both such important plant developmental stages, during my Ph.D. research program I tried to elucidate the molecular mechanisms at the basis of SVP activities. That has been done through different and complementary strategies that had the dual aim to identify SVP protein partners and to move the first steps towards the comprehension of the role of chloroplasts and chloroplast-nucleus signaling pathways in SVP functions. Co-immunoprecipitation assays followed by Mass Spectrometry analyses have allowed to draw up a list of Arabidopsis putative robust SVP interactors involved, at different levels, in chromatin organization and histone modification. Interestingly, the detailed characterization of the major Arabidopsis trimethyltransferase enzyme, SET DOMAIN GROUP 2 (SDG2), has revealed the existence of an SVP-SDG2 containing protein complex able to regulate the expression of SVP gene at the vegetative and reproductive meristems, by affecting the H3K4 methylation pattern within the first exon of SVP. Furthermore, our interests on the role of chloroplast-nucleus communication and its possible interactions with the flowering time regulation, have been met through the detailed characterization of two chloroplast-located PENTATRICO-PEPTIDE-REPEAT (PPR) containing proteins, which share three main features: i) they are part of the chloroplast gene expression machinery, ii) they are involved in chloroplast-nucleus communication, iii) they have been reported to be target genes of SVP by ChiP-seq assays. The detailed characterization of the Arabidopsis PPR proteins, GENOME UNCOUPLED 1 (GUN1) and CHLOROPLAST RNA PROCESSING 1 (AtCRP1), has provided the first preliminary insights into how chloroplast-nucleus signaling mechanisms may enable higher plants to more effectively adapt to the ever-changing internal and external conditions and mitigate detrimental effects to fitness.
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Vučićević, Dubravka [Verfasser]. "Diverse regulatory functions of long non-coding RNAs / Dubravka Vučićević." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1137509899/34.

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Shi, Xinhui. "Regulatory Functions of ZmMYB31 and ZmMYB42 in Maize Phenylpropanoid Pathway." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1302295047.

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Tilley, Gareth John. "Electrochemical investigations into iron-sulfur cluster containing proteins." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365300.

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Books on the topic "Regulatory functions"

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Moss, Joel, and Peter Zahradka, eds. ADP-Ribosylation: Metabolic Effects and Regulatory Functions. Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2614-8.

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Bock, Gregory, and Jamie Goode, eds. Generation and Effector Functions of Regulatory Lymphocytes. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470871628.

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Joel, Moss, and Zahradka Peter, eds. ADP-ribosylation: Metabolic effects and regulatory functions. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1994.

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R, Bock Gregory, Goode Jamie, and Novartis Foundation, eds. Generation and effector functions of regulatory lymphocytes. John Wiley, 2003.

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Reza, Sadrel. Privatizing industrial regulatory functions in Bangladesh: An operational strategy. University Press Ltd., 1994.

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Eden, Laurence. Investigation on RNA transport and regulatory functions from human adenovirus 5. typescript, 1994.

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Toshihiro, Aono, Sugino Hiromu, Vale Wylie W, Serono Symposia USA, Serono Symposia S.A. (Geneva, Switzerland), and International Symposium on Inhibin, Activin, Follistatin: Recent Advances and Future Views (1996 : Tokushima-shi, Japan), eds. Inhibin, activin, and follistatin: Regulatory functions in system and cell biology. Springer, 1997.

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Shinozuka, Masanobu. Power spectral density functions compatible with NRC regulatory guide 1.60 response spectra. Division of Engineering, Division of Reactor Accident Analysis, Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, 1988.

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U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Office of Inspector General. The United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission: The Office of the Inspector : history, mission, staff and organization, functions and products. U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, 1997.

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1960-, Robillard Serge, and European Institute for the Media., eds. Television in Europe : regulatory bodies: Status, functions and powers in 35 European countries. Libbey, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Regulatory functions"

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Hayes, Jan, Lynne Chester, and Dolruedee Kramnaimuang King. "Outsourcing Risk Governance: Using Consultants to Deliver Regulatory Functions." In Contracting and Safety. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89792-5_9.

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AbstractThe Australian gas supply industry provides a case study of outsourcing by economic regulators. These regulatory agencies rely on the engagement of external consultants for technical expertise who are effectively tasked with finding ways to reduce proposed expenditure, even for safety-related items. Empirical evidence shows that economic regulators uncritically accept this advice. Such outsourcing raises the possibility of significant impact on technical regulatory outcomes.
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Levy, D. N., Y. Refaeli, and D. B. Weiner. "The vpr Regulatory Gene of HIV." In Transacting Functions of Human Retroviruses. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78929-8_11.

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van Hinsbergh, Victor W. M. "Regulatory functions of the coronary endothelium." In Lipid Metabolism in the Healthy and Disease Heart. Springer US, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3514-0_23.

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Kudo, Ichiro, and Makoto Murakami. "Regulatory Functions of Prostaglandin E2 Synthases." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. Springer US, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9194-2_20.

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Burd, Christopher G., and Ruth N. Collins. "Functions of Rab GTPases in organelle biogenesis." In Regulatory Mechanisms of Intracellular Membrane Transport. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/b97781.

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Černecký, Ján, Jana Špulerová, Viktória Ďuricová, et al. "Regulatory Ecosystem Services and Supporting Ecosystem Functions." In A Catalogue of Ecosystem Services in Slovakia. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46508-7_4.

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Sugimura, Takashi, and Masanao Miwa. "Poly(ADP-ribose): Historical perspective." In ADP-Ribosylation: Metabolic Effects and Regulatory Functions. Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2614-8_1.

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Smulson, Mark E. "Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase gene on chromosome 1q: Early role in differentiation linked replication; gene on human chromosome 13q: Marker of carcinogenesis." In ADP-Ribosylation: Metabolic Effects and Regulatory Functions. Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2614-8_10.

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Bürkle, Alexander, Marcus Müller, Ivo Wolf, and Jan-Heiner Küpper. "Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase activity in intact or permeabilized leukocytes from mammalian species of different longevity." In ADP-Ribosylation: Metabolic Effects and Regulatory Functions. Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2614-8_11.

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Zahradka, Peter, and Lorraine Yau. "ADP-ribosylation and gene expression." In ADP-Ribosylation: Metabolic Effects and Regulatory Functions. Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2614-8_12.

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Conference papers on the topic "Regulatory functions"

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Tong, Haonan, Ke Liu, Zhixin Ren, et al. "Identification of Pyroptosis-Related Gene Functions in Psoriasis and Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus Using Gene Regulatory Networks." In 2024 12th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (ICBCB). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/icbcb61507.2024.11012035.

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Prokofiev, I., S. Bakhtiari, and A. Hull. "Prospective Techniques for Monitoring Degradation in Passive Systems, Structures, and Components for Nuclear Power Plant Long-Term Operation." In CORROSION 2016. NACE International, 2016. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2016-07679.

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Abstract This paper provides an overview of scoping studies performed at Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) on assessing the viability of systems for real time and automated monitoring to assess the condition and the remaining useful life of passive components in nuclear power plants (NPPs). This analysis was reviewed in the context of four condition-monitoring aging management programs (AMPs) that were revised when NRC staff recently completed the analysis of over 50 AMPs for mechanical, structural, and electrical systems in the process of developing new license renewal guidance documents (LRGDs). Expert panel meetings were conducted in 2014-2015, charged to develop guidance such that, if followed, will provide the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) reasonable assurance that the applicant will perform adequate aging management such that the systems, structures, and components (SSC) within the scope of license renewal will perform their intended functions during the second period of extended operation (PEO). Any proposed changes must be based on sound, technically defensible assessments. Although small scale experiments conducted to date suggest that using online prognostic (OLP) systems for monitoring critical SSCs are viable, new codes and regulatory guidelines may need to be developed before this technology can be widely implemented by the nuclear power industry.
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Cooper, Nicholas, Calin Belta, and A. Agung Julius. "Genetic regulatory network identification using multivariate monotone functions." In 2011 50th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control and European Control Conference (CDC-ECC 2011). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cdc.2011.6161460.

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Eisenman, Robert. "Abstract IA01: Myc functions within a transcriptional regulatory network." In Abstracts: AACR Special Conference on Myc: From Biology to Therapy; January 7-10, 2015; La Jolla, CA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1557-3125.myc15-ia01.

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Hu, Landian. "Abstract 2122: RNA editing reveals new regulatory functions in tumorigenesis." In Proceedings: AACR 106th Annual Meeting 2015; April 18-22, 2015; Philadelphia, PA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2015-2122.

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Chesi, Graziano. "Genetic networks with SUM regulatory functions: Characterizing the equilibrium points." In 2009 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics - SMC. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsmc.2009.5346811.

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Nie, Jinsuo R., Jim Xu, and Joseph I. Braverman. "Development of Target Power Spectral Density Functions Compatible With Design Response Spectra." In ASME 2015 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2015-45243.

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For seismic analysis of nuclear structures, synthetic acceleration time histories are often required and are generated to envelop design response spectra following the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Standard Review Plan (SRP) Section 3.7.1. It has been recognized that without an additional check of the power spectral density (PSD) functions, spectral matching alone may not ensure that synthetic acceleration time histories have adequate power over the frequency range of interest. The SRP Section 3.7.1 Appendix A provides a target PSD function for the Regulatory Guide 1.60 horizontal spectral shape. For other spectral shapes, additional guidance on developing the target PSD functions compatible with the design spectra is desired. This paper presents a general procedure for the development of target PSD functions for any practical design response spectral shapes, which has been incorporated into the recent SRP 3.7.1, Revision 4.
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Campos, Raphael R., Ricardo Ferreira, Julio C. Goldner Vendramini, F´bio Cerqueira, and Marcelo Lobato Martins. "Simulation of Scale Free Gene Regulatory Networks Based on Threshold Functions on GPU." In 2011 Simpasio em Sistemas Computacionais (WSCAD-SSC). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wscad-ssc.2011.13.

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Pal, Ranadip, Harri Lahdesmaki, Ilya Shmulevich, Olli Yli-Harja, and Edward Dougherty. "On the constraint of gene regulatory networks to canalizing functions and post classes." In 2008 IEEE International Workshop on Genomic Signal Processing and Statistics (GENSIPS). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/gensips.2008.4555672.

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Chang, H., G. Richard, A. A. Julius, C. Belta, and S. Amar. "An application of monotone functions decomposition to the reconstruction of gene regulatory networks." In 2011 33rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2011.6090676.

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Reports on the topic "Regulatory functions"

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Berkowitz, Jacob, Gabrielle David, and Kyle Gordon. Technical guide for the development, evaluation, and modification of wetland rapid assessment methods for the Corps Regulatory Program. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/46932.

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The US Army Corps of Engineers (Corps) Regulatory Program considers the loss (decrease) and gain (improvement) of wetland functions as part of Clean Water Act Section 404 permitting and compensatory mitigation decisions. To better inform this regulatory decision-making, the Regulatory program needs accurate, transparent, objective, and defensible approaches to assess the function and condition of wetlands. Additionally, wetland assessments must balance the need for objective decision-making with the concurrent need to make Regulatory program decisions in a timely manner. Consequently, it is often necessary to assess wetlands using rapidly attainable proxy measures of ecological function or condition by evaluating a suite of metrics that represent structural and compositional attributes of a wetland. In response, this document describes a set of guidelines to effectively develop, evaluate, and modify wetland assessment methods, specifically for the Corps Regulatory Program.
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David, Gabrielle, D. Somerville, Julia McCarthy, et al. Technical guide for the development, evaluation, and modification of stream assessment methods for the Corps Regulatory Program. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42182.

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The U.S. Army Corps Regulatory Program considers the loss (impacts) and gain (compensatory mitigation) of aquatic resource functions as part of Clean Water Act Section 404 permitting and compensatory mitigation decisions. To better inform this regulatory decision-making, the Regulatory Program needs transparent and objective approaches to assess the function and condition of aquatic resources, including streams. Therefore, the Regulatory Program needs function-based stream assessments (1) to characterize a stream’s condition or function, (2) to improve understanding of the impact of a proposed action on an aquatic resource, and/or (3) to inform the development of stream compensatory mitigation tools rooted in stream condition and/or function. A function-based stream assessment can provide regulatory decision makers with the resources to objectively consider alternatives, minimize impacts, assess unavoidable impacts, determine mitigation requirements, and monitor the success of mitigation projects. A multiagency National Committee on Stream Assessment (NCSA) convened to create these guidelines to inform the development of new methods and evaluation of both national-level and regional methods currently in use. The resulting guidelines present nine phases, including rationale and recommendations to facilitate work efforts. The NCSA hopes that this technical guide promotes transparency, technical defensibility, and consistent application of stream assessments in the Regulatory Program.
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Christopher, David A., and Avihai Danon. Plant Adaptation to Light Stress: Genetic Regulatory Mechanisms. United States Department of Agriculture, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2004.7586534.bard.

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Original Objectives: 1. Purify and biochemically characterize RB60 orthologs in higher plant chloroplasts; 2. Clone the gene(s) encoding plant RB60 orthologs and determine their structure and expression; 3. Manipulate the expression of RB60; 4. Assay the effects of altered RB60 expression on thylakoid biogenesis and photosynthetic function in plants exposed to different light conditions. In addition, we also examined the gene structure and expression of RB60 orthologs in the non-vascular plant, Physcomitrella patens and cloned the poly(A)-binding protein orthologue (43 kDa RB47-like protein). This protein is believed to a partner that interacts with RB60 to bind to the psbA5' UTR. Thus, to obtain a comprehensive view of RB60 function requires analysis of its biochemical partners such as RB43. Background &amp; Achievements: High levels of sunlight reduce photosynthesis in plants by damaging the photo system II reaction center (PSII) subunits, such as D1 (encoded by the chloroplast tpsbAgene). When the rate of D1 synthesis is less than the rate of photo damage, photo inhibition occurs and plant growth is decreased. Plants use light-activated translation and enhanced psbAmRNA stability to maintain D1 synthesis and replace the photo damaged 01. Despite the importance to photosynthetic capacity, these mechanisms are poorly understood in plants. One intriguing model derived from the algal chloroplast system, Chlamydomonas, implicates the role of three proteins (RB60, RB47, RB38) that bind to the psbAmRNA 5' untranslated leader (5' UTR) in the light to activate translation or enhance mRNA stability. RB60 is the key enzyme, protein D1sulfide isomerase (Pill), that regulates the psbA-RN :Binding proteins (RB's) by way of light-mediated redox potentials generated by the photosystems. However, proteins with these functions have not been described from higher plants. We provided compelling evidence for the existence of RB60, RB47 and RB38 orthologs in the vascular plant, Arabidopsis. Using gel mobility shift, Rnase protection and UV-crosslinking assays, we have shown that a dithiol redox mechanism which resembles a Pill (RB60) activity regulates the interaction of 43- and 30-kDa proteins with a thermolabile stem-loop in the 5' UTR of the psbAmRNA from Arabidopsis. We discovered, in Arabidopsis, the PD1 gene family consists of II members that differ in polypeptide length from 361 to 566 amino acids, presence of signal peptides, KDEL motifs, and the number and positions of thioredoxin domains. PD1's catalyze the reversible formation an disomerization of disulfide bonds necessary for the proper folding, assembly, activity, and secretion of numerous enzymes and structural proteins. PD1's have also evolved novel cellular redox functions, as single enzymes and as subunits of protein complexes in organelles. We provide evidence that at least one Pill is localized to the chloroplast. We have used PDI-specific polyclonal and monoclonal antisera to characterize the PD1 (55 kDa) in the chloroplast that is unevenly distributed between the stroma and pellet (containing membranes, DNA, polysomes, starch), being three-fold more abundant in the pellet phase. PD1-55 levels increase with light intensity and it assembles into a high molecular weight complex of ~230 kDa as determined on native blue gels. In vitro translation of all 11 different Pill's followed by microsomal membrane processing reactions were used to differentiate among PD1's localized in the endoplasmic reticulum or other organelles. These results will provide.1e insights into redox regulatory mechanisms involved in adaptation of the photosynthetic apparatus to light stress. Elucidating the genetic mechanisms and factors regulating chloroplast photosynthetic genes is important for developing strategies to improve photosynthetic efficiency, crop productivity and adaptation to high light environments.
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Azzutti, Alessio, Mark Cummins, Iain MacNeil, and Chuks Otioma. Simplifying Compliance: The Role of AI and RegTech. University of Glasgow and University of Strathclyde, 2025. https://doi.org/10.36399/gla.pubs.351604.

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The Financial Regulation Innovation Lab (FRIL) is dedicated to simplifying compliance through emerging technologies, with Artificial Intelligence (AI) representing the latest evolution in regulatory technology (RegTech). Building on previous research and industry engagement—including workshops, blogs, webinars, and a micro-credential course—this White Paper presents key considerations for the conceptualisation, design, and implementation of AI-driven compliance systems. We begin by examining the nature of regulatory rules and the compliance process before exploring the complexities that challenge AI deployment. The discussion then shifts to Generative AI (GenAI) as a cutting-edge innovation, analysing its capabilities and relevance to compliance functions. A focused use case on GenAI in robo-advisory services illustrates AI’s potential in asset management, where conventional AI is already well-established. Finally, we consider the broader organisational implications of AI adoption, emphasising the opportunity to view compliance as an embedded and adaptive function able to evolve and respond to changing stakeholder expectations and regulatory frameworks.
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Li, Li, Joseph Burger, Nurit Katzir, Yaakov Tadmor, Ari Schaffer, and Zhangjun Fei. Characterization of the Or regulatory network in melon for carotenoid biofortification in food crops. United States Department of Agriculture, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2015.7594408.bard.

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The general goals of the BARD research grant US-4423-11 are to understand how Or regulates carotenoid accumulation and to reveal novel strategies for breeding agricultural crops with enhanced β-carotene level. The original objectives are: 1) to identify the genes and proteins in the Or regulatory network in melon; 2) to genetically and molecularly characterize the candidate genes; and 3) to define genetic and functional allelic variation of these genes in a representative germplasm collection of the C. melo species. Or was found by the US group to causes provitamin A accumulation in chromoplasts in cauliflower. Preliminary genetic study from the Israeli group revealed that the melon Or gene (CmOr) completely co-segregated with fruit flesh color in a segregating mapping population and in a wide melon germplasm collection, which set the stage for the funded research. Major conclusions and achievements include: 1). CmOris proved to be the gene that controls melon fruit flesh color and represents the previously described gflocus in melon. 2). Genetic and molecular analyses of CmOridentify and confirm a single SNP that is responsible for the orange and non-orange phenotypes in melon fruit. 3). Alteration of the evolutionarily conserved arginine in an OR protein to both histidine or alanine greatly enhances its ability to promote carotenoid accumulation. 4). OR promotes massive carotenoid accumulation due to its dual functions in regulating both chromoplast biogenesis and carotenoid biosynthesis. 5). A bulk segregant transcriptome (BSRseq) analysis identifies a list of genes associated with the CmOrregulatory network. 6). BSRseq is proved to be an effective approach for gene discovery. 7). Screening of an EMS mutation library identifies a low β mutant, which contains low level of carotenoids due to a mutation in CmOrto produce a truncated form of OR protein. 8). low β exhibits lower germination rate and slow growth under salt stress condition. 9). Postharvest storage of fruit enhances carotenoid accumulation, which is associated with chromoplast development. Our research uncovers the molecular mechanisms underlying the Or-regulated high level of carotenoid accumulation via regulating carotenoidbiosynthetic capacity and storage sink strength. The findings provide mechanistic insights into how carotenoid accumulation is controlled in plants. Our research also provides general and reliable molecular markers for melon-breeding programs to select orange varieties, and offers effective genetic tools for pro-vitamin A enrichment in other important crops via the rapidly developed genome editing technology. The newly discovered low β mutant could lead to a better understanding of the Or gene function and its association with stress response, which may explain the high conservation of the Or gene among various plant species.
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Scarpini, Celeste, Oyebola Okunogbe, and Fabrizio Santoro. The Promise and Limitations of Information Technology for Tax Mobilisation. Institute of Development Studies, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2023.005.

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As digital technologies continue gaining momentum in Africa and lower-income countries, more and more tax authorities are adopting them to improve their core functions and collect revenue more efficiently. This paper reviews recent literature on using technology for tax administration. Technology has the potential to improve tax collection in three areas: identifying the tax base, monitoring compliance, and facilitating compliance. But even the most user-friendly technology will hardly function without basic infrastructure and a stable internet connection. The potential benefits of new technology are further hampered by resistance from taxpayers and collectors, an unsupportive regulatory environment and lack of strategy for adoption by institutions. We close by proposing reforms to ensure investments in new technology improve efficiency and revenue collection.
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Pruitt, Bruce, and Richard Rheinhardt. A regional guidebook for applying the hydrogeomorphic approach to assessing wetland functions of forested riverine wetlands in alluvial valleys of the Piedmont Region of the United States. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/47685.

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The Hydrogeomorphic (HGM) approach is used for developing and applying models for the site-specific assessment of wetland functions. It was initially designed for use in the context of the Clean Water Act Section 404 Regulatory Program permit review process to analyze project alternatives, minimize impacts, assess unavoidable impacts, determine mitigation requirements, and monitor the success of compensatory mitigation. However, a variety of other potential uses have been identified, including the design of wetland restoration projects, projecting ecological outcomes, developing success criteria and performance standards, and adaptive monitoring and management of wetlands. This guidebook provides an overview of the HGM approach including classification and characterization of the principal alluvial riverine wetlands identified in the Piedmont physiography. Eight potential subclasses of Piedmont wetlands, including Headwater, Low- and Mid-gradient Riverine, Floodplain Depression, Footslope Seeps, Flats, Precipitation Depressions, and Fringe wetlands were recognized. However, the occurrence of Flats, Precipitation Depressions, and Fringe wetlands in the Piedmont, are uncommon and not generally associated with alluvial riverine systems which is the subject of this Guidebook. Detailed HGM assessment models and protocols are presented for the five most common Piedmont riverine subclasses: Headwater, Low- and Mid-gradient Riverine, Floodplain Depression, and Footslope Seep. For each wetland subclass, the guidebook presents (a) the rationale used to select the wetland functions considered in the assessment process, (b) the rationale used to select assessment models, and (c) the functional index calibration curves developed from reference wetlands used in the assessment models. The guidebook outlines an assessment protocol for using the model variables and functional indices to assess each wetland subclass. The appendices provide field data collection forms. In addition, an automated spreadsheet model is provided to make calculations.
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Ohad, Nir, and Robert Fischer. Regulation of plant development by polycomb group proteins. United States Department of Agriculture, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2008.7695858.bard.

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Our genetic and molecular studies have indicated that FIE a WD-repeat Polycomb group (PcG) protein takes part in multi-component protein complexes. We have shown that FIE PcG protein represses inappropriate programs of development during the reproductive and vegetative phases of the Arabidopsis life cycle. Moreover, we have shown that FIE represses the expression of key regulatory genes that promote flowering (AG and LFY), embryogenesis (LEC1), and shoot formation (KNAT1). These results suggest that the FIE PcG protein participates in the formation of distinct PcG complexes that repress inappropriate gene expression at different stages of plant development. PcG complexes modulate chromatin compactness by modifying histones and thereby regulate gene expression and imprinting. The main goals of our original project were to elucidate the biological functions of PcG proteins, and to understand the molecular mechanisms used by FIE PcG complexes to repress the expression of its gene targets. Our results show that the PcG complex acts within the central cell of the female gametophyte to maintain silencing of MEA paternal allele. Further more we uncovered a novel example of self-imprinting mechanism by the PgG complex. Based on results obtained in the cures of our research program we extended our proposed goals and elucidated the role of DME in regulating plant gene imprinting. We discovered that in addition to MEA,DME also imprints two other genes, FWA and FIS2. Activation of FWA and FIS2 coincides with a reduction in 5-methylcytosine in their respective promoters. Since endosperm is a terminally differentiated tissue, the methylation status in the FWA and FIS2 promoters does not need to be reestablished in the following generation. We proposed a “One-Way Control” model to highlight differences between plant and animal genomic imprinting. Thus we conclude that DEMETER is a master regulator of plant gene imprinting. Future studies of DME function will elucidate its role in processes and disease where DNA methylation has a key regulatory role both in plants and animals. Such information will provide valuable insight into developing novel strategies to control and improve agricultural traits and overcome particular human diseases.
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Jorge, Guillermo. Identification and Exchange of Information on Politically Exposed Persons in Central American Countries. Inter-American Development Bank, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010714.

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In the fight against money laundering, information on politically exposed persons (PEPs) is highly relevant for financial institutions as it is about customers deemed to be high-risk due to their public functions and the degree of influence they can exert. This document reviews the regulatory and operational frameworks to access and exchange of information on PEPs in Central American countries, as well as the enhanced due diligence measures under implementation in these countries. The main findings indicate that there are legal constraints in relation to the definition of PEPs and the obligation to declare beneficial owners. There are also operational constraints in terms of the measures implemented to identify PEPs and to ensure the integrity of information systems. Likewise, this document presents recommendations to address the barriers identified and analyzes best practices to help strengthen the detection and prevention mechanisms used by Central American governments and financial institutions for cases in which PEPs use the financial system to launder money obtained through corruption and related crimes.
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Chamovitz, Daniel A., and Zhenbiao Yang. Chemical Genetics of the COP9 Signalosome: Identification of Novel Regulators of Plant Development. United States Department of Agriculture, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2011.7699844.bard.

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This was an exploratory one-year study to identify chemical regulators of the COP9 signalosome. Chemical Genetics uses small molecules to modify or disrupt the function of specific genes/proteins. This is in contrast to classical genetics, in which mutations disrupt the function of genes. The underlying concept is that the functions of most proteins can be altered by the binding of a chemical, which can be found by screening large libraries for compounds that specifically affect a biological, molecular or biochemical process. In addition to screens for chemicals which inhibit specific biological processes, chemical genetics can also be employed to find inhibitors of specific protein-protein interactions. Small molecules altering protein-protein interactions are valuable tools in probing protein-protein interactions. In this project, we aimed to identify chemicals that disrupt the COP9 signalosome. The CSN is an evolutionarily conserved eight-subunit protein complex whose most studied role is regulation of E3 ubiquitinligase activity. Mutants in subunits of the CSN undergo photomorphogenesis in darkness and accumulate high levels of pigments in both dark- and light-grown seedlings, and are defective in a wide range of important developmental and environmental-response pathways. Our working hypothesis was that specific molecules will interact with the CSN7 protein such that binding to its various interacting proteins will be inhibited. Such a molecule would inhibit either CSN assembly, or binding of CSN-interacting proteins, and thus specifically inhibit CSN function. We used an advanced chemical genetic screen for small-molecule-inhibitors of CSN7 protein-protein interactions. In our pilot study, following the screening of ~1200 unique compounds, we isolated four chemicals which reproducibly interfere with CSN7 binding to either CSN8 or CSN6.
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