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1
Chiromo, Forbes, Goodwell Muyengwa, and Joseph Makuvaza. "Investigation Of The Impact Of Networking Among Tenants In The Seda Limpopo Jewellery Incubator In South Africa." Balkan Region Conference on Engineering and Business Education 1, no. 1 (August 15, 2014): 23–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cplbu-2014-0005.
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AbstractThis study investigates the extent to which tenants in a jewellery incubator in the Limpopo Province of South Africa network. Since 1994 SEDA has set up more than 31 incubation centres in furniture making, construction, chemicals, jewellery, ICT, metal fabrication, agriculture and small scale mining. This study was done through a survey conducted on tenants in the SEDA Limpopo Jewellery Incubator (SLJI). Information was obtained through a structured questionnaire. The study revealed how tenants benefit from networking around exhibitions and collective purchasing of raw material. Through the Incubator institutional mechanisms, the study explains how tenants share expertise, experiences, technology and resources. Unfortunately the tenants do not initiate the own networking programmes. They lose out on benefits associated with collective effort in other areas such as advertisements, lobbying the government for industrial stands, organising an newsletter, hiring of consultants, and organising joint training programmes. Lastly the study identified opportunities that the tenants could collectively exploit in order strengthen and sustain their businesses.
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BOTHA, J., E. T. F. WITKOWSKI, and C. M. SHACKLETON. "Market profiles and trade in medicinal plants in the Lowveld, South Africa." Environmental Conservation 31, no. 1 (March 2004): 38–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892904001067.
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Rising demand for medicinal plants has led to increased pressure on wild plant populations. This, combined with shrinking habitats, means that many species in South Africa are now facing local extinction. In 1997, a study was initiated to determine the extent of trade in medicinal plants in the South African Lowveld (the low lying plains to the east of the Drakensberg escarpment), and to investigate socio-economic factors influencing trade and resource management. Trade was not as extensive in the Lowveld as in major urban markets such as Durban or the Witwatersrand (Johannesburg and surrounding towns), either in terms of the quantity, number or range of species sold, or the numbers of people relying on the trade for an income. In markets assessed in Mpumalanga Province, 176 species were identified (71% of the vernacular names encountered in the market place), representing 69 plant families. In Limpopo, 70 different species were identified (84% of the vernacular names encountered in the market place), representing 40 families. Imports were significant in Mpumalanga (33% of the plants on offer), mainly from Mozambique. A detrended correspondence analysis showed substantial differences between species traded in Mpumalanga and those sold in Limpopo. There was little variation in the species stocked by vendors in Mpumalanga, regardless of the season, the attributes of the seller, or whether business was carried out in urban or rural areas. In contrast, there was considerable variation in the stock inventories of the Limpopo traders. Despite the lower levels of local trade, increased harvesting pressure is being experienced regionally, to meet demand in metropolitan centres such as the Witwatersrand. This study showed considerable local variation and complexities in the harvesting and marketing of medicinal plants, with both a national and an international dimension. This dual spatial scale presents both opportunities and challenges in the management of these plants, which need to be addressed simultaneously, particularly with respect to research requirements and development of predictive models and capacity. Cooperation in conservation strategies and policies is required at regional, national and international levels, while ensuring that management initiatives take into account local market conditions and the socio-economic realities facing both consumers and those who depend on the trade for their livelihoods.
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Mwambola, Michael M. S. "Rehabilitation outcomes in people with movingdifficulty discharged from hospital in Limpopo Province, South Africa." Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 97, no. 6 (November 2003): 629–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0035-9203(03)80080-9.
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Ntuli, Sam T., Mabina Mogale, Francis L. M. Hyera, and Shan Naidoo. "An investigation of maternal mortality at a tertiary hospital of the Limpopo province of South Africa." Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases 32, no. 2 (July 1, 2017): 73–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajid.v32i2.57.
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Objective: To understand the elements influencing the maternal deaths in the Limpopo province, South Africa.Methods: A retrospective review of all maternal deaths which occurred at the Pietersburg Hospital, Limpopo province was done over a five-year period (January 2011 to December 2015). The hospital death register was used to collate a list of maternal deaths occurring during the study period. The medical records of maternal deaths were reviewed. The total deliveries and live births for each year were obtained from the delivery registers. The data collected included maternal age, parity, referring facility, date of admission, date and time of death, ward where death occurred, and cause of death.Results: There were 14 685 live births and 232 maternal deaths between 2011 and 2015, resulting in an institutional Maternal Mortality Ratio (iMMR) of 1579/100 000 live births. The mean age of the patients was 29 years. Forty-three per cent of deaths occurred within 24 hours of admission, 35% died in ICU and 89% were referred from regional and district hospitals and community health centres. Of the referred patients, 83% were from district hospitals. Obstetric haemorrhage and pre-eclampsia, or eclampsia, were the main causes of death.Conclusion: The iMMR at Pietersburg Hospital remains unacceptably high. Most of the maternal deaths are due to obstetric haemorrhage, pre-eclampsia or eclampsia, medical and surgical disorder and non-pregnancy related infections.
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Ledwaba, Solanka Ellen, Piet Becker, Afsatou Traore-Hoffman, and Natasha Potgieter. "Bacterial Contamination of Children’s Toys in Rural Day Care Centres and Households in South Africa." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 16 (August 13, 2019): 2900. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16162900.
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Background: Young children exhibit a high susceptibility to several diarrhoea-causing bacterial microorganisms. In this study, the prevalence of fecal contamination on children’s toys was determined using total coliform and E. coli as bacterial fecal indicators. The prevalence of diarrhoeagenic E. coli strains were used as an indication of the potential health risks. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out for 3 months in rural communities in the Vhembe district, Limpopo province of South Africa. Nonporous plastic toys (n = 137) used by children under 5 years of age in households and day care centres (DCCs) from rural villages were collected for assessment. New toys (n = 109) were provided to the households and DCCs and collected again after 4 weeks. Microbiological assessment was carried out using the Colilert® Quanti-Tray/2000 system. Diarrhoeagenic E. coli strains were identified using a published multiplex PCR protocol. Results: Water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) conditions of the children in the households and DCCs were assessed. Statistical analysis was used to identify the relationship between fecal contamination of the existing and introduced toys. All the existing and introduced toy samples, both from DCCs and households, tested positive for total coliform counts and 61 existing and introduced toy samples tested positive for E. coli counts. Diarrhoeagenic E. coli strains identified included EHEC, ETEC, EPEC, EIEC and EAEC. Conclusions: The results indicated that water, sanitation and hygiene conditions could be responsible in the contamination of children’s toys and the transmission of diarrhoea to young children.
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Olubumni M, Ogbodu, Maputle Maria S, and Mabunda Jabu. "Nurses’ Perceptions About Stock-outs of Essential Medicines at Primary Health Care Facilities in Vhembe District, South Africa." Open Public Health Journal 12, no. 1 (December 31, 2019): 550–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874944501912010550.
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Background: The development of generic medicines that are cost-effective and affordable aims to facilitate improved availability of essential medicines to meet the health care needs of the majority of the population. However, these essential generic medicines are not regularly available at the community health centres and clinics. Aim: This study aimed to determine the perceptions of professional nurses regarding the status of stock-outs of generic medicines at primary health care health facilities in a selected province of South Africa. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in five primary health care facilities; three clinics and two health centres in Thulamela B municipality of Vhembe District, Limpopo Province. A qualitative, exploratory, descriptive and contextual research design was used to obtain the perceptions of the participants. Thirteen professional nurses were purposively selected. Data were collected through face-to-face in-depth interviews until data saturation was reached. Data were analysed using Tesch’s open coding method. Results: Key findings showed that essential medicines were not always available, with the health centres reporting fewer stock-outs than clinics. The perceived major contributors to stock-outs were institutional inefficiency and practices by both health service providers and patients. Conclusion and Recommendations: The study concluded that primary health care facilities in rural communities still grapple with poor access to essential medicines due to poor availability. Therefore, the provision of sufficient funding for procurement, and training of inventory management practices were recommended. In addition, community public awareness campaigns to discourage patients’ self-medication and multiple consultations should be put in place.
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Nowata, J., A. Belete, and D. Norris. "Farmers Perspectives towards the Rehabilitation of the Irrigation Schemes in Sekhukhune District of the Limpopo Province, South Africa." Journal of Human Ecology 48, no. 3 (December 2014): 383–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09709274.2014.11906808.
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Hoffman, Sandra M. "Some Implications of Apartheid Legacies in South African Correctional Centres." South African Journal of Psychology 39, no. 3 (September 2009): 336–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/008124630903900308.
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I conducted critical research into the apparently unrelenting culture of violation in South Africa generally, and specifically in correctional centres. In defining violation, I slightly modify Fanon's definition of violence to encompass “any relation, process or condition by which an individual, organisation or group violates the physical, social and/or psychological integrity of [the self and] another person or group”. I show that the authoritarian ideology underlying apartheid left structural legacies that undermine rehabilitation and transformation to a culture of mutual respect at interpersonal and institutional levels. I do so by contrasting some extant authoritarian indicators: top-down discipline and militarism, with indicators of mutual recognition and respect to show that both safety and rehabilitation are compromised by unnecessary perpetuation of authoritarian ideology in correctional centres. Critically questioning the traditional top-down structure and substituting mutuality as crucial to rehabilitation necessarily called for the application of theoretical assumptions consistent with intersubjectivity. I use a person-in-practice method whereby I juxtapose my own voice with those of clients, academics, society (as represented in the news media) and staff in the correctional system. This method streamlines as a coherent process, and an effective means to demonstrate my thesis.
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Mhlongo, Sphiwe Emmanuel, and George Oluwole Akintola. "Artisanal and small-scale mining activities as post-mining land use in abandoned mine sites: a case of Giyani and Musina areas, Limpopo Province of South Africa." Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management 8, no. 3 (April 1, 2021): 2815–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.15243/jdmlm.2021.083.2815.
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South Africa has many artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) activities that some are registered and others informal and illegal. This paper presents an overview of ASM operations in the vicinity of abandoned mine sites found in Giyani and Musina areas, Limpopo Provine of South Africa. It looks at the mining processes, environmental problems, and health and safety risks of ASM in the area. It also provideds a discussion of practical ways of dealing with the problems of artisanal and small-scale mining operations in a harmonized way with the rehabilitation of the abandoned mine sites. The exploitation of waste rock dumps for aggregate production in Musina demonstrated that formalized ASM activities can be the best alternative uses of the abandoned mine sites. However, artisanal gold mining around Giyani revealed the health and safety risks and environmental problems of these operations. The artisanal gold mining activities worsened the health and safety and the environmental problems of the abandoned mine sites. Therefore, this paper recommends that the efforts of coming up with strategies to formalize and regulate artisanal mining in South Africa be deepened for these activities to be accepteble as sustainable as post-mining land-uses in abandoned mines.
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Miazga, Katarzyna, Johan Joubert, Megan Sinclair, and Anna Cywińska. "Releasing Three Orphaned White Rhinoceroses (Ceratotherium simum) to the Game Reserve in South Africa. Rehabilitation, Translocation and Post-Release Observations." Animals 10, no. 12 (November 27, 2020): 2224. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10122224.
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White rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum) is one of the most famous victims of poachers in Africa. One of the methods for dealing with decreasing rhino numbers is rehabilitating wounded and/or orphaned animals to successfully release them back into the wild. The status of rescued animal differs among individuals, but general procedures must be established and constantly improved. This study presents the history of successful release of three orphaned white rhino females; rehabilitated for 15 months in Wildlife Rehabilitation Centre in a private game reserve in South Africa. Female A was three years old, female B was one year old and the youngest female was three months old on arrival. The animals were rehabilitated together despite the differences in their age and size, with particular attention paid to keeping them as wild as possible. After being weaned and becoming old enough to go back to the wild, they were released at a distance from the rehabilitation centre, which required immobilization and translocation. Since the rhinos were released, they have been successfully living in the wild. All procedures used in this study proved to be sufficient for preparing the animals for life in the wild and can be recommended for other centres.
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Mhlongo, Amponsah-Dacosta, and Kadyamatimba. "Incorporation of the Method of Ranking the Hazards of Abandoned Mine Entries into a Rule-Based Expert System." Minerals 9, no. 10 (September 30, 2019): 600. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min9100600.
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The work of quantifying the problems of abandoned mines is the first step towards the rehabilitation of these mines. As the result, in all countries that have many abandoned mines, researchers and different organizations have been making efforts to develop decision-making tools, methods, and techniques for rehabilitation of abandoned mines. This paper describes the work conducted to incorporate the method for ranking the problems of abandoned mine entries into a rule-based expert system. This is done using the web-based expert system platform provided by expert system (ES)-Builder Shell. The ES is tested by applying it to the case study of the problems of abandoned mine entries in the areas of Giyani and Musina, Limpopo Province of South Africa. This paper gives details of the procedure followed in creating the production rules of the ES for ranking problems of abandoned mine entries (ES-RAME), its attributes, and the results of its application to the selected case study. The use of the ES-RAME is found to be important for setting the objectives and priorities of the rehabilitation of abandoned mine entries. In addition, the incorporation of the ranking method into the expert system ensured that the procedure of the tanking method is clearly communicated and preserved as the rules of the ES. The expert system also has the advantages of being consistent in its guidance, and it gives the user an opportunity to go through the ranking process of the system using any possible fictitious information; this gives the user a feel for the ranking process and the data required when using the ES-RAME.
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Luruli, Rudzani E., Vhonani O. Netshandama, and Joseph Francis. "An improved model for provision of rural community-based health rehabilitation services in Vhembe District, Limpopo Province of South Africa." African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine 8, no. 2 (March 30, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/phcfm.v8i2.980.
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Background: In 1991, Riakona Community Rehabilitation Programme initiated community-based rehabilitation (CBR) in the Vhembe District of Limpopo Province. Subsequently, the South African government adopted the programme.Aim: The aim of the study was to suggest an improvement in the model of providing CBR services.Setting: The study was conducted in six rehabilitation centres located in hospitals in the Vhembe District in Limpopo Province of South Africa.Method: A mixed-mode research design with qualitative and quantitative elements was used to conduct the study. Content analysis, the chi-square test for Goodness of Fit and the Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney non-parametric tests were conducted.Results: The key determinants of client satisfaction with the services that the community rehabilitation workers rendered included provision of assistive devices and the adoption of a holistic approach to their work. Overall, satisfaction per domain for each one of the five domains of satisfaction scored less than 90%. More than 80% of clients were satisfied with empathy (83%) and assurance (80%) domains. Tangibles, reliability and responsiveness domains had scores of 78%, 72% and 67%, respectively. These results, together with the reasoning map of conceptual framework description, were used as the building blocks of the CBR model.Conclusion: The improved CBR model is useful for putting the programme into practice. This is particularly so for the CBR managers in the districts of the Limpopo Province.Keywords: client satisfaction, disability, community-based rehabilitation, community rehabilitation worker
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Saloojee, G. M., P. L. Rosenbaum, and A. V. Stewart. "Using caregivers’ perceptions of rehabilitation services for children with Cerebral Palsy at public sector hospitals to identify the components of an appropriate service." South African Journal of Physiotherapy 67, no. 3 (February 19, 2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajp.v67i3.53.
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Despite a growing body of evidence favouring a family-centred approach to rehabilitation services for children with cerebral palsy (cp), the essential components for a quality service for children with disabilities and their families living in poorly-resourced South African (SA) settings remains unknown. The study aimed to identify key components of an appropriate rehabilitation service which would meet the needs of children with CP and their caregivers at SA public sector hospitals. This cross-sectional descriptive study used the modified Measure of processes of care (Mpoc-20) questionnaire together with two open-endedquestions with a convenience sample of caregivers attending therapy at CP Clinics in gauteng and limpopo hospitals. A total of 263 caregivers attending cerebral palsy clinics at 31 public sector hospitals in gauteng and limpopo were interviewed. Kind and caring attitudes, exercises or “training” for the child, and practical assistance (handling ideas and suggestions, assistive devices, food supplements, nappies, advice) were components of care most valued. The most frustration was caused by long queues waiting for files or at the pharmacy and being treated disrespectfully whilst providing caregivers with information and explanations regarding treatment choice were services that could be improved. Key components for an appropriate therapy service include caring and respectful attitudes, hands-on therapy, handling suggestions and practical assistance. Logistical and administrative procedures together with disrespectul and unhelpful attitudes negatively impact rehabilitation service delivery.
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Selepe, Mandu, Graham Lindegger, and Kaymarlin Govender. "Discourses in accounts of rape by sex offenders in Limpopo province, South Africa." South African Journal of Psychology, December 8, 2020, 008124632096055. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0081246320960551.
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South Africa is known for having the highest number of sexual violence cases in the world. In response to these reports, the government has declared rape as a priority crime, and various measures have been put in place to address this scourge. Despite these measures, rape statistics have continued to escalate. It is against this background that this study sought to explore accounts of sexual offences, particularly reports of rape, from a sample of sex offenders. Data were drawn from five Correctional Centres in the Limpopo province. Nineteen sex offenders were selected through a purposive sampling approach and interviewed face-to-face. Discourse analysis was used to identify and analyse the patterns of talk that sex offenders drew upon to account for their sex offences. Findings revealed that ‘blame’ was the most dominant discourse cited. The ‘rhetoric of blame’ revolved around uncontained sexual desires, sexual entitlement, absent mothers, provocative dress code by women, and unfair laws that discriminated men when they asserted their sexual power in relationships with women. Multi-sectoral intervention strategies are recommended for deconstructing blame discourses that perpetuate rape offences in South Africa.
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Khumalo, Mbalenhle Sijabulile, Tinashe Mugwisi, and Glenrose Jiyane. "Realising Rehabilitation and Social Inclusion through Correctional Service Libraries in South Africa." Mousaion: South African Journal of Information Studies 36, no. 4 (October 21, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/2663-659x/5275.
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A need to correct the behaviour and deeds of people who have been incarcerated has been part of the plans of the South African government for a number of years now. Shifting from being punishment to rehabilitation centres, the correctional centres aim to rehabilitate and prepare inmates to be included and accepted by society beyond their incarceration period. Correctional library and information services provide a critical structure and support point by facilitating the attainment and improvement of education and providing rehabilitation and occupational skills to inmates during their time in these centres. This paper seeks to illustrate that correctional service libraries can be a critical support structure for rehabilitation and social inclusion of inmates in South African correctional centres. The paper also suggests how the correctional service libraries could be mainstreamed for correctional and developmental goals of inmates in South African correctional centres. This conceptual paper also adds to the body of knowledge that advocates for the important role of correctional service libraries in the rehabilitation of inmates. Finally, the paper aims to provide insights to policymakers on the role of correctional service libraries in shaping the lives of the inmates and people development.
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Selala, MS, A. Senzanje, and K. Dhavu. "Requirements for sustainable operation and maintenance of rural small-scale water infrastructure in Limpopo Province, South Africa." Water SA 45, no. 2 April (April 30, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/wsa.v45i2.16.
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This study assessed the presence of key requirements for sustainable O&M and rehabilitation of rural small-scale water infrastructure in Makhudutamaga Municipality in South Africa. The study found a significant correlation between the requirements for sustainable O&M and rehabilitation of rural small-scale water infrastructure and continuity of service provision (p < 0.001) by the small-scale water infrastructure as well as functionality (p < 0.001) of the small-scale water infrastructure hardware. The study concludes that the presence of the key requirements varies as a function of social dynamics of communities and the presence of these requirements has an impact on the functionality and continuity of the small-scale water infrastructure hardware.
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Mlenzana, Nondwe B., Arne H. Eide, and Jose M. Frantz. "Perceptions and satisfaction of caregivers regarding rehabilitation services from selected rehabilitation centres in the Western Cape." African Journal of Disability 7 (October 25, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/ajod.v7i0.415.
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Background: Understanding caregivers’ views on rehabilitation services is important as it may assist in informing healthcare services and patient management.Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore caregivers’ perceptions and satisfaction regarding rehabilitation services in the Western Cape, South Africa, and to inform clinical practice and policy in this emerging field.Method: This study used a descriptive, qualitative design using in-depth interviews with conveniently selected participants. Interviews were conducted with 13 caregivers of patients with: amputations (3), cerebrovascular accidents (5) and neuromuscular disorders (5). Thematic content analysis was conducted with the transcripts.Results: Four key themes emerged, which were (1) financial difficulties, (2) caregiver and therapist relationships, (3) facility management and (4) caregiver experience with service delivery.Conclusion: Based on the participants’ feedback, the rehabilitation services seem to be meeting the basic rehabilitation needs of the patients; however, the needs of the caregivers require attention.
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Tshililo, Azwidihwi R., Lizzy Mangena-Netshikweta, Livhuwani H. Nemathaga, and Mary Maluleke. "Challenges of primary healthcare nurses regarding the integration of HIV and AIDS services into primary healthcare in Vhembe district of Limpopo province, South Africa." Curationis 42, no. 1 (January 28, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/curationis.v42i1.1849.
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Background: Integration of human immunodeficiency virus and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV and AIDS) services into primary healthcare (PHC) is a key public health approach to achieving universal access to antiretroviral therapy (ART). Despite the government’s efforts of integrating HIV services into PHC, an insufficient number of PHC staff and inadequate infrastructure are challenging when integrating HIV and AIDS services into PHC. This study explored the challenges of PHC nurses regarding the integration of HIV and AIDS services into PHC.Objectives: The aim of the study was to explore the challenges of PHC nurses regarding the integration of HIV and AIDS services into PHC.Method: An exploratory, descriptive and contextual qualitative research design utilising face-to-face semi-structured interviews was conducted with 12 PHC nurses from selected clinics and health centres in the Vhembe district of Limpopo province.Results: Two main themes emerged from data analysis which included challenges related to healthcare recipients and challenges related to healthcare providers.Conclusion: Clear policies on the integration of HIV and AIDS services into PHC should be available and should include strategies to promote HIV testing and counselling, adherence to ART and scheduled appointments, disclosure of HIV status as well as revising the human resource policy to reduce workload.
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Rhoda, A., R. Mpofu, and W. De Weerdt. "Activity limitations of patients with stroke attending out-patient facilities in the Western Cape, South Africa." South African Journal of Physiotherapy 67, no. 2 (February 19, 2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajp.v67i2.41.
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A stroke can affect individuals at the levels of impairment, activity and participation. The aim of this study is to determine the activity limitations of stroke patients receiving rehabilitation at out-patient Community health Centres (ChCs). A longitudinal observational study was conducted. Activity limitations were measured using the Rivermead Motor Assessment Scale, the Barthel Index and the nottingham extended Activities of Daily living scale (neADl). The study population consisted of 100 patients with stroke consecutively admitted to the Community health Centres for therapy. The data was analysed using inferential and descriptive statistics. The majority of the participants were not able to climb stairs, travel on public transport, wash dishes, do washing, do household chores and shopping, socialize and manage the garden at six months post stroke. A significant improvement was noted in the ability of the participants to perform basic activities of daily living between baseline and two months, but not between two and six months. There was however a significant improvement in their ability to perform instrumental activities of daily living between two and six months. Although the participants were able to perform basic activities of daily living enabling them to be independent in their homes, they were unable to perform instrumental activities of daily living which limited their functioning in the community. There is a need for therapists to include activities which could facilitate re-integration into the community in their rehabilitation of patients with stroke.
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Bootsma, Antoinette, Samer Elshehawi, Ab Grootjans, Piet-Louis Grundling, Steven Khosa, Mike Butler, Leslie Brown, and Paul Schot. "Anthropogenic disturbances of natural ecohydrological processes in the Matlabas mountain mire, South Africa." South African Journal of Science 115, no. 5/6 (May 29, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/sajs.2019/5571.
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Matlabas is a mountain mire in Marakele National Park, located within the headwaters of the Limpopo River in South Africa. This mire consists of a complex of valley-bottom and seepage wetlands with small elevated peat domes. The occurrence of one decaying peat dome, which has burnt, and desiccated wetland areas with terrestrial vegetation has raised concerns. The aim of this study was to understand the mire features and water flows in order to identify the potential drivers causing wetland degradation. Wells and piezometers were installed to monitor the hydraulic head and collect water samples for analysis of ion composition, 18O and 2H stable isotope content, and δ13C and 14C isotope content for radiocarbon dating. Moreover, peat temperature profiles were measured and peat deposits were also dated using radiocarbon. Results indicate that the Matlabas mire developed in the lowest central-east side of the valley by paludification at the onset of the Holocene. During the Mid-Holocene, peat development was extended laterally by autogenic and allogenic processes. Three types of water flows driving peat development were identified – sheet flow, phreatic groundwater flow and deep groundwater flow – two of which are surface or near surface flows. The recent occurrence of decaying peat domes and desiccated wetland areas is possibly related to loss of exfiltrating deep groundwater flows that have resulted from drainage by the head-cut channels in the mire and interception of near surface water flow by an access road, respectively. Interventions should be undertaken to prevent further degradation of the mire. Significance: This study is the first, as far as we are aware, on the ecohydrology of an inland mountainous mire in southern Africa. The results highlight the importance of the current wetland management (including rehabilitation) initiatives in South Africa. The integrative ecohydrological methods can be applied in other headwater wetlands in southern Africa.
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Singo, N. K., and J. D. Kramers. "Retreatability analysis of the Musina copper mine tailings in South Africa: an exploratory study." SN Applied Sciences 2, no. 10 (September 16, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42452-020-03447-x.
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Abstract In recent times, the potential beneficial uses of abandoned mine sites have been recognised and acted upon through the retreatment of tailings in order to win minerals of interest still available in economically viable concentrations. The most notable benefit (although not usually factored in financially) is that, once the tailings have been removed, the land has a greater potential to be developed further. The main aim of this study was to investigate the contents of copper and potentially harmful elements in the tailings of the Musina mine, an abandoned Cu mine in the northern Limpopo Province, in order to assess environmental hazards and to provide a first estimate of the feasibility of future economic rehabilitation. The concept of reclaiming was here seen in a broad way and ranged from the reworking of tailings or other residues to residential and/or recreational use. To quantify the potential economic importance and impacts of the metal content of the tailings, geochemical analysis of samples from auger holes and resource modelling were employed. Neutral to slightly basic pH values and very low concentrations of arsenic and lead showed that acid drainage and toxic groundwater contamination (apart from Cu itself) would not be a concern. Three-dimensional (3D) and two-dimensional (2D) models were applied to estimate the resource potential of the tailings dump. The models revealed that residual Cu in the Musina mine tailings is currently at 8555 tonnes. Accordingly, going forward, we recommend a formalised geometallurgical study to assess the economic feasibility of extracting Cu, with a view to reworking the copper tailings dump. It is very important that this tailings dump be mined in future, in order to extract all Cu and ensure that the sterilised land (up to 95 ha) can be used for other purposes.
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Mhangwa, Talent, Madhu Kasiram, and Sibonsile Zibane. "An Exploration of Aftercare Services for Female Drug Users." Southern African Journal of Social Work and Social Development 30, no. 2 (October 5, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/2415-5829/1783.
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The number of female drug users has been on the rise in South Africa, with statistics reflecting a rise in the number of women who attend treatment centres annually. This article presents empirical data from a broader qualitative study which aimed to explore perceptions concerning the effectiveness of aftercare programmes for female recovering drug users. The main data source was transcripts of in-depth interviews and focus groups with both service users and service providers from a designated rehabilitation centre in Gauteng, South Africa. Framed within a biopsychosocial-spiritual model, this article explores the perceptions and meanings which the female recovering drug users and the service providers attach to aftercare programmes. The findings of the research outlined the range of factors promoting recovery, alongside noteworthy suggestions for improvement in aftercare services. While acknowledging multiple influences on behaviour, this article highlights the significance of these findings in planning and implementing holistic aftercare programmes.
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Useh, U. "Socio-demographic characteristics of parents and emotional burden on discovery of disabilities of their children in a South African community." South African Journal of Physiotherapy 64, no. 1 (February 19, 2008). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajp.v64i1.96.
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Objective: This study investigated the socio-demographic characteristicsof parents of children with disabilities in a South African community. Also studiedwere their emotional responses. Design and methodology: A social survey research and focus group designs wereemployed in this study to explore and describe parental emotions Participants: 174 parents of children with disabilities were randomly selected andinterviewed by this author and four research assistants at different locations in theVenda area of Limpopo Province of South Africa. Results: Out of the 174 parents interviewed 95 (54.6%) were parents of children with physical impairment (PCWPI),51 (29.3%) parents of children with hearing impairment (PCWHI) and 28 (16.1%) were parents of children with visual impairment (PCWVI). Only 16 (9.2%) of the parents interviewed had tertiary education with a majority (121 (or 69.5%) of them unemployed. These unemployed parents solely relied on the monthly, government disabilitygrant of R620 (or US$89). Responses to grief, anger, shame were highest amongst PCWVI, while PCWPI were most worried (64.2%) and demonstrated the highest percentage emotions of fear (22.1%) and guilt (221.1%). The following percentage of emotions were expresses by parents with formal tertiary education, anger (44%), shame (37.5%), disbelief (25%), guilt (6.3%), worry (50%) and fear (25%). While participants with the highest income (over R1800or about US$257), expressed the following percentage of emotions: grief (70.6%), and disbelief (47.1%). Conclusion: Physiotherapist working with the disabled and their carers in the community within the concept of community based rehabilitation and social model of care would need to understand the characteristics and their emotional burden prior to assisting in creating an enabling environment and holistic empowering activities that wouldassist all.
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Dreyer, Justine, Jacobeth M. Pooe, Loveness Dzikiti, and Christa Kruger. "Factors associated with successful completion of a substance rehabilitation programme at a psychiatric training hospital." South African Journal of Psychiatry 24 (October 9, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v24i0.1280.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: Comorbid psychiatric and substance use disorders are common globally. Management of either condition is influenced by comprehensive management of the other.Aim: The aim of this study was to determine which patient and substance factors are associated with completion of a substance rehabilitation programme in psychiatric inpatients.Methods: The study was conducted at the Substance Rehabilitation Unit (SRU) of Weskoppies Hospital, a psychiatric training hospital in South Africa. It was a hospital-based two-group cross-sectional study comparing clinical files of completers and non-completers of the SRU programme with respect to patient and substance factors.Results: Most of the patients referred to the SRU were involuntarily admitted, between the ages of 30 and 49 years, male, black or African origin, South African, single, unemployed, never having received a disability grant and with a highest level of education between Grades 8 and 11. Substance-induced disorders, psychotic disorders and Cluster B personality traits were common. Cannabis, alcohol and tobacco were the most frequently used substances. Patients with a lower level of education, who receive a disability grant or who use Nyaope or tobacco, were statistically significantly less likely to complete the SRU programme than those without these factors. Psychiatric diagnosis and general medical comorbidity were not associated with completion.Conclusion: Completion rates were comparable to those in general substance rehabilitation centres. The association of tobacco smoking and non-completion was in keeping with other research. Low educational level may be a predictive factor of non-completion in this population. This study has yielded several recommendations for substance rehabilitation services in this population and filled a number of research gaps. Further research is still needed, especially with regard to substance rehabilitation in Nyaope-users and the role of disability grants. Creative approaches will be necessary in order to support patients at risk of dropout, in light of resource limitations and the drive towards individualised care.
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Du Plessis, Edwin D., Henri J. Du Plessis, Henco C. Nel, Inge Oosthuizen, Suzahn Van der Merwe, Stefan Zwiegers, and Gina Joubert. "Accountable or not accountable: A profile comparison of alleged offenders referred to the Free State Psychiatric Complex Forensic Observation Ward in Bloemfontein from 2009 to 2012." South African Journal of Psychiatry 23 (May 31, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v23i0.1054.
Full textAbstract:
Background: The crime rate in South Africa is extraordinarily high. The problem of crime is further complicated when a person, who suffers from a mental illness, becomes involved in a crime. Furthermore, the forensic evaluation of a person suspected of having a mental illness involved in alleged criminal behaviour can be challenging. However, a dearth of information exists in South African literature regarding the link between crime and mental illness.Aim: To determine the percentage of alleged offenders, referred to the Free State Psychiatric Complex (FSPC) for observation, found accountable and not accountable, and to compare the biographical, diagnosis and offence profiles of these two groups. The analysis of differences can contribute to a better understanding of the complex process of forensic assessments.Setting: Forensic Observation Ward, FSPC, Bloemfontein.Methods: In this comparative, retrospective study, all 505 trial-awaiting alleged offenders (observati) referred from 2009 to 2012 for a 30-day observation period, according to Sections 77 and/or 78 of the Criminal Procedures Act, were included. Results were summarised as frequencies and percentages, and means or percentiles. Significant differences between the groups were determined by sample t-tests or chi-squared tests.Results: Observati found not accountable were in the majority (64.5%). Significant differences were found regarding marital and employment status, substance abuse, type of offence and diagnoses between the two groups. Almost all of the observati found to be not accountable were diagnosed with mental illness at the time of the assessment, whereas most observati found to be accountable for their actions at the time of the alleged offence were not found to be mentally ill. Observati found not accountable were significantly more likely to be diagnosed with schizophrenia, intellectual disability and substance-induced psychotic disorder, and committed mostly assault, murder and vandalism. Observati found accountable committed mostly rape, murder and theft.Conclusion: The majority of observati were found not accountable, with significant differences found between the two groups regarding demographic characteristics, type of diagnosis and offences committed. The identified differences can be used to assist in establishing criteria for the appropriate referral of alleged offenders by courts. Unnecessary referrals have a serious financial impact on the Department of Health. Furthermore, the high incidence of substance abuse among persons referred to the FSPC highlights the need for more substance rehabilitation centres in the Free State Province.