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1
Popovych, M. M., and S. V. Kliuchnyk. "Features of the Stressed-Strain State of a Steel-Reinforced-Concrete Span Structure with Preliminary Bending of a Steel Beam." Science and Transport Progress, no. 1(97) (October 17, 2022): 80–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.15802/stp2022/265333.
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Purpose. The authors aim to determine the features of the operation of a steel-reinforced concrete span structure with beams reinforced with an I-beam, with their pre-stressing using the bending of a steel I-beam. Methodology. To manufacture a steel-reinforced concrete span structure, it was proposed to reinforce an I-beam with a camber, which is then leveled with the help of applied external loads. For practical convenience, the vertical external forces are replaced by horizontal forces that keep the metal I-beam in a deformed state and in this state it is concreted. After the concrete strength development, the external forces are removed and the metal I-beam creates the pre-stressing of the concrete. Findings. When determining stresses, checking calculations by analytical method and the method of modeling with the help of the ANSYS program were used. The stress diagrams along the lower and upper fibers of a metal I-beam and stresses in concrete in the upper and lower zones of the beam were constructed. The analysis of the results showed that the pre-bending of a metal beam can be used to create a pre-stressing, which improves the performance of steel-reinforced concrete span structures, increases their rigidity and allows using of such a structure to increase the balks of railway and highway bridges. Originality. In the paper, a study of the stress-strain state of steel-reinforced concrete beams of the railway span structure was carried out, taking into account the pre-stressing of the concrete. A method of manufacturing a steel-reinforced concrete beams is proposed, which provides pre-stressing of the reinforced concrete due to the bending of a steel I-beam. Practical value. As a result of the calculations, it was found that the structure, when manufactured by the specified method, has greater rigidity compared to reinforced concrete or metal beams. The height of the beam can be lower compared to reinforced concrete or metal span structures. These circumstances are essential for railway bridges, especially for high-speed traffic ones.
2
Huang, Yao Hong, and Yong Chang Guo. "Review of Durability of Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Reinforced Concrete Structure." Applied Mechanics and Materials 548-549 (April 2014): 1651–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.548-549.1651.
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With the wide application of FRP reinforced concrete structure, the durability of FRP reinforced concrete structure causing more and more attention . This paper introduce domestic and foreign research situation of durability of FRP reinforced concrete structure in three aspects including FRP material, epoxy resin and FRP reinforced concrete structures .
3
Orlowsky, Jeanette, Markus Beßling, and Vitalii Kryzhanovskyi. "Prospects for the Use of Textile-Reinforced Concrete in Buildings and Structures Maintenance." Buildings 13, no. 1 (January 10, 2023): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13010189.
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This paper discusses the state of the art in research on the use of textile-reinforced concretes in structural maintenance. Textile-reinforced concretes can be used in structural maintenance for various purposes, including the sealing and protection of the existing building structures, as well as for the strengthening of structures. The first-mentioned aspects are explained in this paper on the basis of example applications. A special focus is placed on the maintenance of heritage-protected structures. The development, characterization, and testing of a textile-reinforced concrete system for a heritage-protected structure are presented. Examples of the application of textile-reinforced concrete for strengthening highway pavements and masonry are also given. In particular, the possibility of adapting the textile-reinforced concrete repair material to the needs of the individual building is one advantage of this composite material.
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Hai, Hong, Fan Gu, and Yan Sheng Song. "Experimental Research and Numerical Investigation of High-Strength Concrete Structure Strengthened with CFRP." Advanced Materials Research 374-377 (October 2011): 2363–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.374-377.2363.
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The shear resistance at the interface between FRP sheet and concrete is a key problem for the application of fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP) plates, which has emerged as a popular method for the strengthening of reinforced concrete structures. The objective of this study is to discuss the interfacial shear ultimate bearing capacity of a high-strength concrete structure strengthened by carbon fiber-reinforced polymer composites under static loads. Considering the different strength of concretes, double-shear tests were conducted. Based on the test results, considering of the adhesive layer, explicit finite element is used for simulating the shear failure of CFRP-strengthened concrete, obtain the whole process of structure deformation development, describe the conformation and development of crack and the failure mode. The FE result coincides with the experimental result.
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Wagner, Juliane, Carolin Würgau, Alexander Schumann, Elisabeth Schütze, Daniel Ehlig, Lutz Nietner, and Manfred Curbach. "Strengthening of Reinforced Concrete Structures with Carbon Reinforced Concrete—Possibilities and Challenges." CivilEng 3, no. 2 (May 13, 2022): 400–426. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/civileng3020024.
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The strengthening of existing reinforced concrete structures (RC) with carbon reinforced concrete (CRC) has a high potential to save resources and to increase the lifespan of the whole strengthened structure immensely. However, when strengthening structures with CRC, in some cases, failure due to concrete cover separation is detected, leading to the fact that the potential of the carbon reinforcement cannot be exploited. The prediction and prevention of this type of failure is the subject of current research. In this paper, a strut-and-tie-model is presented for calculating a critical tensile force leading to failure due to concrete cover separation. Additionally, possible methods to avoid that kind of failure are suggested. One of these is doweling the ends of the strengthening layer. This paper presents the first experiments to test this method, which show that doweling the strengthening layer leads to much higher failure loads compared to a structure without doweling. However, further investigations have to be examined to verify these first results.
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Jiang, Tian Hua, Jing Rong Peng, and Wei Ming Zhang. "Detection and Reinforce of a Reinforced Concrete Box Culvert Suffered a Conflagration." Advanced Materials Research 228-229 (April 2011): 1047–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.228-229.1047.
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When a reinforced concrete structure suffers from a big fire, its quality will change and its bearing ability will be reduced. It is necessary to take a comprehensive testing and to formulate corresponding reinforcement to restore the structure. This article mainly talks about a series of detections and their results of a reinforced concrete culvert which suffered from fire, and then selects a better reinforcement program. It can provide reference for the reinforcement of similar concrete structures.
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Chu, Ming Jin, Zhi Juan Sun, Hui Chen Cui, and Ke Zhang. "Exposure Test of FRP-Reinforced Concrete Structure in Temperate Marine Tide Zone." Applied Mechanics and Materials 166-169 (May 2012): 538–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.166-169.538.
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Through exposure test of FRP-reinforced concrete member in littoral test area of temperate marine zone, the durability and constructional measures of FRP-reinforced concrete structure are investigated. The test results show that FRP shell on the surface of FRP-reinforced concrete member is effective in avoiding wave flush, freezing and thawing damage, preventing chloride ion corrosion and improving durability. On the other hand, reliable measures should be taken to protect concrete structures with no FRP shell on the surface. Based on above, the provided reference for evaluation durability of FRP-reinforced concrete structure, and proper constructional measures for FRP-reinforced concrete structure are presented.
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Nesvetaev, Grigorii, Yulia Koryanova, Aleksei Kolleganov, and Nikita Kolleganov. "On the Issue of Standardizing Concrete Frost Resistance to Ensure the Reinforced Concrete Structures Durability." Materials Science Forum 1043 (August 18, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1043.1.
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When erecting monolithic reinforced concrete structures, the structure of concrete can differ significantly from the laboratory standard due to the complexity of providing favorable conditions for hardening, and therefore the compressive strength and especially the frost resistance of concrete may not meet the design requirements, which can negatively affect the reinforced concrete structure durability and require amplification, especially in earthquake-prone areas [1, 2]. Increasing the durability of reinforced concrete structures is possible by creating a rational stress field, for example, by prestressing, incl. variable along the length of the structure [3,4], but this technique is difficult to implement for monolithic reinforced concrete structures. It is possible to use effective materials or methods of manufacturing structures [5, 6]. But this is also mainly problematic for use in the construction of monolithic reinforced concrete structures. Generally accepted methods of calculating the reinforced concrete structures durability subjected to cyclic freezing-thawing during operation, incl. in a water-saturated state, do not exist. At the design stage, ensuring the durability of such reinforced concrete structures is mainly reduced to the reasonable assignment of requirements for concrete quality indicators, depending on the operating conditions, which is the focus of BC 28.13330.2017 (EN 206) and GOST 31384-2017 from the premise of ensuring durability of at least 50 years. In the above-mentioned norms of the Russian Federation, in fact, two approaches are presented to ensure the durability of reinforced concrete structures during cyclic freezing-thawing, incl. in a water-saturated state, namely: designing a concrete structure capable of working under such conditions by standardizing the values of cement consumption, W/C ratio, class of concrete in terms of compressive strength, amount of entrained air, or rationing of concrete grades in terms of frost resistance F1 (first base method GOST 10060-2012 provides for freezing in air, saturation and thawing in water) or F2 (second base method GOST 10060-2012 provides for freezing in air, saturation and thawing in 5% sodium chloride solution). The purpose of this work is to compare various approaches to ensuring the durability of reinforced concrete structures operated during cyclic freezing-thawing and to analyze the provision of durability with standardized indicators when designing the structure of concrete.
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Ahmadov, Nizami, and Irade Shirinzade. "Development of effective fiber-reinforced concrete compositions used in transportation structures." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 2, no. 1 (110) (April 20, 2021): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2021.227139.
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The possibility of producing fiber-reinforced concrete with high deformation properties by regulating the microstructure and using it in the design of transport structures was considered. It was found that to create high-performance transport structures, it is necessary to modify fiber mixtures with complex additives, i. e. increase the strength of fiber-reinforced concrete at the micro-level. To obtain a denser structure of the concrete matrix, complex additives were used – ultrafine additive (silica fume) and Master Air 200 B air-entraining additive. It was experimentally proved that using such additives reduces the water-cement ratio and further strengthens the concrete matrix structure. The design of the unloading structure on the railway line constructed from the Karadag station (Republic of Azerbaijan) to the SOCAR oil and gas processing and petrochemical complex using fiber-reinforced concrete modified with complex additives was made. The results of designing the fiber-reinforced concrete unloading structure were analyzed and the results of designing the fiber-reinforced concrete unloading structure and the regular concrete unloading structure were compared. As a result of the comparison, it was found that using fiber-reinforced concrete decreases the cross-section diameter of the effective reinforcement of the slab – the cross-section diameter of the effective reinforcement of the pavement slab decreases from Æ2×32 mm to Æ32 mm in the upper and Æ25 mm in the lower row, respectively. Crack resistance is also increased compared to regular concrete. Thus, in order to create structures with high transport and operational parameters, it is necessary to modify fiber-reinforced concrete mixtures with complex additives
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Karalar, Memduh, and Murat Çavuşlu. "Evaluating effects of granulated glass on structural and seismic behavior of tall RC structures using experimental tests and 3D modeling." Challenge Journal of Structural Mechanics 8, no. 2 (June 6, 2022): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.20528/cjsmec.2022.02.004.
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The use of waste materials for reinforcement of reinforced concrete (RC) structures is of great importance for both environmental cleaning and recycling. In this study, the effects of granulated glass released by factories on the structural behavior of RC structures are examined in detail. Initially, 5 different concretes are produced using 5 different granulated glass percentages. Granulated glass is used instead of aggregate. Different aggregate ratios of granulated glass are taken into account for each sample. 5 different concrete samples are subjected to the slump test and the consistency of the concrete samples is assessed in detail. Then, each concrete sample is subjected to compressive strength tests. It is clearly seen from the compressive strength tests that granulated glass increased the strength of the concrete noticeably. Then, the 31-story reinforced concrete structure is modeled considering the most critical granulated glass ratio. The 1995 Kobe earthquake is utilized for the seismic analyses. Firstly, the RC structure is analyzed for the pure concrete and then, analyses are performed for various granulated glass added cases. According to the analysis results, granulated glass significantly increased the earthquake resistance of reinforced concrete structures. Furthermore, waste granulated glass caused enormous reductions in the weight of the structure. In this study, it is concluded that granulated glass material, which is found in nature as waste, can be used for the construction of RC structures.
11
Čajka, Radim, and Kamil Burkovič. "Reconstruction of the Municipal Bath House." Advanced Materials Research 1122 (August 2015): 115–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1122.115.
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The paper describes static failures, reconstruction and redevelopment of reinforced concrete load-carrying structures in the Municipal Bath House in Moravská Ostrava. The building was built at the beginning of the 1960s.The architectural, structural and typological features are typical of that time. Several rather serious failures have occurred during the operation in the reinforced concreted load-carrying skeleton and the bath tub structure. Reasons for the failures and general degradation of some parts of the reinforced concrete included undermining, weather, leakage of aggressive water and vapour from baths, saunas, laundry and other facilities. This paper describes the static underpinning, improvement of the degraded reinforced concrete structures and technical aspects of transformation of a former civil defence shelter into a wellness and swimming centre.
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Li, Jun Hong. "The Concrete Structure Strengthen Technology and Engineering Application." Advanced Materials Research 194-196 (February 2011): 835–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.194-196.835.
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In this paper, the background of concrete structure strengthen is described, and several common methods of strengthening concrete structure in current construction are introduced. Also the advantages and disadvantages application of reinforcement methods are discussed. so as to valuable experiences for strengthening reinforced concrete structures are accumulate. Both the advantages and disadvantages of the reinforcement methods are described in detail. For example, the increasing cross-section reinforcement method, the replacing concrete reinforcement method, the bonding steel reinforcement method, the pasting steel reinforcement method, the pasting fiber reinforced plastic reinforcement method and so on. And so many accumulated experiences are provided for later strengthening reinforced concrete structure, and the process of strengthening concrete structure is improved.
13
Veghova, Ivana. "Numerical and Experimental Analysis of the Nonlinear Response of Reinforced Concrete Frame Structure from Seismic Effects." Key Engineering Materials 738 (June 2017): 205–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.738.205.
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Using capacity spectrum method was analyzed frame reinforced concrete structures. Capacity spectrum method has been used to analyse frame reinforced concrete structures. Geometry, material properties and reinforced cross sections were designed by experimental tested model of reinforced concrete frame joints in the scale of 1:1. The results were compared with the results of the analysis of the structure of the same geometrical characteristics but of standard material properties of concrete and steel.
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Korolko, Serhiy, and Bohdan Seredyuk. "Nanomodified rapid hardening concretes reinforced with dispersed basaltic fibers." Military Technical Collection, no. 24 (May 20, 2021): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.33577/2312-4458.24.2021.57-63.
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The article considers modern perspectives and directions of using fast – hardening high – strength concretes for protection against striking factors of action of different types of weapons. It is shown that the use of concrete materials in weapons and military equipment is one of the important components of defense structures and protective fortifications during hostilities as platoons and bases, and structures for the protection of civilians. The possibility of obtaining such concretes for the creation of special purpose fortifications is shown. Developed concrete structures have increased strength and impact resistance to high-speed impact. Due to the reinforcement of the concrete structure with mineral and chemical additives and ultrafine fibers, high rates of early strength, viscosity, crack resistance and impact resistance are achieved. The paper presents the main indicators of water consumption, strength and impact resistance of high-strength concrete. The results of the experimental study of samples of the destroyed concrete elements are presented and the corresponding conclusions concerning the use of various types of fibers for reinforcement of such concretes and increase of their crack resistance by basalt fibers are made. It is shown that a high-strength concrete with high construction and technical performance can be successfully used to create protective fortifications and fortifications for special purposes.
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Deng, Wen Qin, and Jing Zhao. "Structure Characteristics and Mechanical Properties of Fiber Reinforced Concrete." Advanced Materials Research 168-170 (December 2010): 1556–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.168-170.1556.
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Mechanical properties of fiber reinforced concrete with polypropylene fiber, alkali-resistant glass fiber and basalt fiber separately were studied in this paper. The internal structure of fiber reinforced concrete was researched by testing chloride ion diffusion coefficient and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis. The results show that adding a certain amount of three fibers separately into concrete have all increased splitting strength. Compared with referenced concrete, compressive strength of alkali-resistant glass fiber reinforced concrete and basalt fiber reinforced concrete are both improved. According to analysis, the effect of srengthening and toughening for basalt fiber is particularly significant. The order of chloride ion diffusion coefficient from lower to higher is alkali-resistant glass fiber reinforced concrete, referenced concrete, basalt fiber reinforced concrete, polypropylene fiber reinforced concrete. This result indicates that alkali-resistant glass fiber bonds cement paste best and makes internal structure densest by SEM analysis.
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Fedorov, Valeriy, and Aleksey Mestnikov. "Influence of cellulose fibers on structure and properties of fiber reinforced foam concrete." MATEC Web of Conferences 143 (2018): 02008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201814302008.
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One of the promising means of foamed concrete quality improvement is micro-reinforcement by adding synthetic and mineral fibers to the base mix. This research is the first to investigate peculiarities of using recycled cellulose fiber extracted from waste paper for obtaining fiber reinforced foam concrete. The paper presents results of experimental research on the influence of cellulose fibers on structure and properties of fiber reinforced foam concrete by using methods of chemical analysis and scanning electron microscopy. The research determines peculiarities of new formations appearance and densification of binder hydration products in the contact zone between fiber and cement matrix, which boost mechanical strength of fiber reinforced foam concrete. Physico-mechanical properties of fiber reinforced foam concrete were defined depending on the amount of recycled cellulose fiber added to the base mix. It was found that the use of recycled cellulose fibers allows obtaining structural thermal insulating fiber reinforced foam concretes of non-autoclaved hardening of brand D600 with regard to mean density with the following improved properties: compressive strength increased by 35% compared to basic samples, higher stability of foamed concrete mix and decreased shrinkage deformation.
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Lim, Jee Hock, Qing Wei Chan, Yong Eng Tu, Parnam Singh, and Siong Kang Lim. "A comparison study on Australia, Eurocode, and US reinforced concrete structure repair codes." E3S Web of Conferences 347 (2022): 01006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202234701006.
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Currently, there is no local standard on reinforced concrete structures repairing in Malaysia. The aim of this study is to discuss the similarities and differences of the reinforced concrete structure repair codes of Australia, Eurocode, and United States.In the methodology and work plan stage, preliminary decision for concrete repair is made after the structural assessment. Next, repair work is conducted in relation to the general planning. Lastly, repair products applied in the system are ensured to be mutually compatible in order to accept the repair work. According to the 11 principles listed in EN 1504-9, concrete damages are classified as concrete defects and corrosion on reinforced concrete structure. SA HB 84:2018 is using the fundamental principles of EN 1504 as the main reference. Similarly, all three codes highlight the reinforcement corrosion as the primary reason of concrete damage. The main difference between ACI 546R-14 and EN 1504 is ACI 546R-14 provides no principle for all intended uses in repair works. Two case studies of reinforced concrete structure repairing for irrigation control structures and low-cost flat building are discussed. The case studies reveal a possibility of combining the strengths of a selected standards in reinforced concrete structures repair works.
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Vaskova, Jana, and Radim Čajka. "Numerical Modeling of the Subsoil-Structure Interaction." Key Engineering Materials 691 (May 2016): 333–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.691.333.
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Numerical interaction model of reinforced concrete slab and subsoil was created in ANSYS. Input data for numerical analysis were obtained during experimental loading test of reinforced concrete slab. Loading test was performed using unique experimental equipment constructed in the area of Faculty of Civil Engineering, VŠB-TU Ostrava. Analysis of interaction of reinforced concrete slab with subsoil was solved with application of inhomogeneous half-space. Application of inhomogeneous half-space allows better capture the subsoil behaviour and its increasing modulus of deformability with increasing depth of subsoil model. Homogeneous half-space this takes no account. Reinforced concrete slab was cracked during an experiment. The effect of cracks was also taken into account in the numerical model of reinforced concrete slab using derived modulus of elasticity of cracked concrete. Values calculated by all types of interaction models were compared with values measured during the loading test of reinforced concrete slab.
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Wang, Wan Peng, Chun Ming Wang, Xing Tao Ren, Yun Xiao Cui, and Ying Liang. "Experimental Research on the Character of Resist Explosion for Reinforced Concrete Structure of Sand Filling." Applied Mechanics and Materials 543-547 (March 2014): 4014–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.543-547.4014.
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Explosion containment structure (chamber) is used to protect personnel and experimental equipment during the destruction of explosion environmental for research blasting or disposal exploder. Reinforced concrete has advantiage of low cost and simple process in buliding ,so it was usually used of buliding the structure of resist explosion.This paper demonstrates reinforced concrete structures character of resist explosion under envirmonent of filling sand,the hoop strain of structure central cross section were measured loaded by different mass explosive charges,the safe criterion of reinforced concrete structure was obtained. Loaded by the explosion,the damage mechanics of reinforced concrete structure that diameter equal to height was analysed,and the method for avoiding the structure fail was suggest.
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Raut, A. A., P. D. Pachpor, and D. P. Mase. "Structural health assessment of reinforced concrete structure." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1197, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1197/1/012019.
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Abstract There is a magnificent rise in repair, retrofitting and rehabilitation in construction industry in recent years. Concrete is a major used material in construction for various structures mainly because it deteriorates at a low rate. Concrete alone is durable but for structural application, Reinforced concrete is used. Reinforced concrete structures are not that durable because of number of reasons such as variation in construction methods, loading condition in service life and subsequent attack by environmental factors. The external symptoms range from cracking to spalling of concrete. In maximum field cases the main cause of deterioration are penetration of water and aggressive chemicals attack. Carbonation, Chloride ingress, leaching, sulphate attack, alkali-silica reaction are known responsible causes. Due to these reasons, during service life the structure deteriorates, and hence monitoring is required. If the condition of structure is below acceptable limit considering various parameters considered, the structure requires repair and retrofitting. For the study, we have considered G+3 Storey commercial building with a basement. Non-Destructive and Chemical Test. The Rebound hammer, Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Test, Cover Meter Test, pH Test, Carbonation Test and Chloride Content Test are carried out to understand and analyze the current condition of the structure. The result computed from field and lab test were used as parameters for analyzing the structure in STAAD PRO Software. After assessing, the strengthening scheme for reinforced concrete structural components such as beams, columns and slab is discussed and suggested to increases the service life of structure.
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Ye, Hailin, Chuwei Jiang, Wenhao Qi, and Zu Feng. "Study on Explosion Resistance of Reinforced Concrete Slab Wrapped with Glass Fibre Reinforced Polymer (GFRP)." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2168, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 012009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2168/1/012009.
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Abstract A new type of reinforced concrete slab wrapped with glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) is proposed, which is composed of GFRP profile slab wrapped with reinforced concrete slab. In order to master the anti-explosion performance of the new composite slab structure under the action of explosion, the dynamic response results of the new wrapped glass fibre reinforced concrete slab structure and the ordinary concrete slab structure under the action of explosion are analyzed and compared by using ANSYS/LS DYNA and fluid structure coupling algorithm. The results show that the new wrapped glass fibre reinforced concrete slab structure, which through the sand bonding treatment of GFRP ribbed slab and inner surface, GFRP slab is closely combined with concrete, giving full play to the superposition effect of GFRP and concrete on explosion impact resistance, which has better explosion impact resistance than ordinary reinforced concrete slab structure, and provides important support for the application of GFRP reinforced concrete composite structure.
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KOLCHUNOV, V. I., К. YU KUZNETSOVA, and S. S. FEDOROV. "CRACK RESISTANCE OF PRESTRESSED REINFORCED CONCRETE FRAME STRUCTURE SYSTEMS UNDER SPECIAL IMPACT." Building and reconstruction 95, no. 3 (2021): 15–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.33979/2073-7416-2021-95-3-15-26.
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A variant of the crack resistance criterion and the strength criterion of plane-stressed structures made of high-strength fiber-reinforced concrete, fiber-reinforced concrete is proposed. The criteria are based on the theory of plasticity of concrete and reinforced concrete G.A. Genieva. In general, the condition for crack resistance of a plane-stressed fiber-reinforced concrete element is presented in the form of an ellipse with jumps on the coordinate axes of the main reduced stresses. The strength condition of a fiber-reinforced concrete element is described by a complex figure that takes into account cracking in the element under a plane stress state. The characteristic points on the coordinate axes are calculated from the physical and mechanical characteristics of concrete strength, obtained as a result of testing high-strength fiber-reinforced concrete for uniaxial compression and uniaxial tension with “dissolved” fiber in the concrete body and reinforcement reduced to concrete. The results of a comparative analysis of the criteria for crack resistance and strength of high-strength concrete and high-strength fiber-reinforced concrete are given, depending on the percentage of fiber in the concrete body and the type of fiber used. The proposed analytical dependences can be used to analyze the crack resistance and strength of plane-stressed reinforced concrete beams-walls reinforced with fiber, corner zones of shallow shells and other plane-stressed structures made of high-strength fiber-reinforced concrete and fiber-reinforced concrete.
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Batak, Inggrid Loiza, Safrin Zuraidah, and Budi Hastono. "Kajian Desain Struktur Beton Bertulang Dengan Struktur Baja (Studi Kasus Pada Pembangunan Gedung H Unitomo)." Ge-STRAM: Jurnal Perencanaan dan Rekayasa Sipil 2, no. 2 (September 30, 2019): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.25139/jprs.v2i2.1962.
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Recently, a structure that is generally applied to the construction of multi-storey buildings is reinforced concrete structure. Structural steel is rarely used nowadays, yet in fact, the steel structures are still able to compete with reinforced concrete structures. Therefore, this study aims to determine the exact profile dimensions and the comparison of material prices between steel structures and reinforced concrete structures for columns and beams in redesigning H Building of Dr. Soetomo University, Surabaya. The WF profile steel will be used in this redesigning project. The structure is modeled using AutoCAD, and then imported into SAP2000 software. Modeling structure consists of columns, primary beams and secondary beams. The loads reviewed from the design are dead load, live load, wind load and seismic load. From the results of design review obtained, the overall strength of structure rearrangement is safe and it is obtained the beam profile dimensions of B1 WF 600x200x12x20, B2 WF 400x300x9x14 profile, B3 WF 400x300x9x14 profile, B4 WF 350x200x8x12 profile, and B5 WF 175x125x 5.5x8 profile, K1 WF 400x400x18x28 column profile, and K2 WF 400x400x21x21 column profile. The use of steel structures as a substitute for reinforced concrete structures for columns and beams in the building is a way more expensive with the percentage of steel structure 149.13% more expensive than reinforced concrete structure.
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Feng, Xiu Ling, Meng Shen, Xiang Ya Kong, Jie Zhang, and Peng Fei Luo. "Study on Flexural Stiffness Reduction Factor of Reinforced Concrete Column with Equiaxial T Shaped Section." Applied Mechanics and Materials 351-352 (August 2013): 319–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.351-352.319.
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The reduced stiffness method had been adopted to evaluate the material nonlinearity characteristics of reinforced concrete structures to be in compliance with concrete structure standards of the United States, New Zealand and Canada. Concrete structure design code in China also accepts the reduced stiffness method as a supplementary method of considering the second-order effects problem. However, the concrete structure with specially shaped columns code of China still use amplified coefficients of eccentricity to consider nonlinearity characteristics of reinforced concrete structure with special shaped columns. Based on the numerical integral method, a flexural stiffness reduction factor is proposed to consider characteristics of material nonlinearity and geometrical nonlinearity of reinforced concrete columns with equiaxial T shaped section.
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Pei, Xing Zhu, and Wei Wang. "Research on Prediction Method of Steel Frame-Reinforced Concrete Shear Wall Hybrid Structure Earthquake Response Based on Energy Concept." Advanced Materials Research 163-167 (December 2010): 4442–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.163-167.4442.
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The basal theory of energy method is introduced, which makes use of the idea of energy balance to study the earthquake response of structures. Because of the high stiffness and low-cost of the steel frame-reinforced concrete shear wall hybrid structure, it is being widely used. But the study of the earthquake response prediction method of the structure has not been done yet. In this paper, energy method is used to study the earthquake response of the steel frame-reinforced concrete shear wall hybrid structure. A steel frame structure and a steel frame-reinforced concrete shear wall hybrid structure have been designed. The shear wall in steel frame-reinforced concrete shear wall hybrid structure is simplified as a column for easier study. In order to evaluate the results of the energy method, the time history analysis method is also used to study the earthquake response of the two structures. The shear coefficient, maximal interlaminar displacement and damage ratio of the two structures are studied. After comparison, it is found that the results of energy method and the time history analysis method are almost the same. The energy method can be easily used to study the earthquake response of the steel frame-reinforced concrete shear wall hybrid structure.
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Mailyan, L. R., S. A. Stel'makh, and E. M. Shcherban'. "CALCULATION AND DESIGN OF BUILDING STRUCTURES CONSIDERING THE VARIATION OF THE STRUCTURE, SECTIONS AND DIFFERENTIATION OF THE CONSTRUCTION CHARACTERISTICS OF MATERIALS." Russian Journal of Building Construction and Architecture, no. 2(50) (May 21, 2021): 6–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.36622/vstu.2021.50.2.001.
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Statement of the problem. The increasing volumes of construction require new technological, structural and design solutions for reinforced concrete elements. Centrifugation, being a promising production technology, leads to variatropic - differing in their characteristics (density, strength, deformability, etc.) in the section of concretes and structures made of them. In many cases, this must be taken into account in the calculation and design, but such studies have practically not been carried out. Therefore, when calculating and designing building structures of a variatropic structure, an unreasonably large margin of safety is usually laid, which leads to their strong rise in price. In the design standards and scientific literature, there are no theoretical and practical methods for calculating centrifuged reinforced concrete building structures, taking into account the variability of the structure and characteristics of concrete over the section. Separate data have confirmed the efficiency of centrifugation, but it is not yet possible to fully use its advantages due to the lack of accounting for structure variability in existing calculation methods. Results and conclusions. As a result of the review and analysis, the vectors of development and directions of future research have been identified, which consist in studying the work of steel-reinforced concrete centrifuged and vibro-centrifuged compressed elements using fiber-reinforcing fibers. It is proposed to improve the manufacturing technology and calculation methods for a complete and comprehensive study of such an undoubtedly interesting and unique phenomenon as the variatropy of the structure of concrete of building structures.
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Fu, Chao Jiang. "Numerical Simulation Procedure of RC Beam Reinforcement with FRP." Advanced Materials Research 243-249 (May 2011): 5567–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.243-249.5567.
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The use of fiber reinforced polymers (FRP) to reinforce reinforced concrete(RC) structure has become one of the main applications of composites in civil engineering. FRP composite is analyzed using the serial/parallel mixing theory, which deduces the composite behavior from the constitutive equations of its components. Numerical procedure of RC beam reinforceed with FRP is studied based on the finite element method. The numerical results accord with the test results. The validity of the proposed procedure is proved comparing numerical and experimental results.
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Wang, Yu Zhuo, and Chuang Guo Fu. "Calculation of Ultimate Bearing Capacity of Prestressed Steel Reinforced Concrete Structure under Fire." Advanced Materials Research 250-253 (May 2011): 2857–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.250-253.2857.
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Prestressed steel reinforced concrete structure, compared with other concrete structure has its unique advantages. So it is mainly used in large span and conversion layers. With the popularization of this structure,more attention should be payed on fire resistance performance. On the basis of reasonable assume,two steps model is used as concrete high strength calculation model. Simplified intensity decreased curve is used as rebar,steel and prestressed. Two ultimate bearing capacity formulas of prestressed steel reinforced concrete beam are established. One is for the beam whose tensile area is under fire, the other is for the beam whose compression area is under fire. Prestressed steel reinforced concrete structure has both prestressed concrete structure’s advantages and steel reinforced concrete structure ’s advantage. Steel reinforced concrete is used to improve the bearing capacity of the structure. Prestressed steel is used to improve the ultimate state of structure’s performance during normal use. Thereby structure’s performance is better to play. There are many similarities between prestressed steel reinforced concrete structure and steel reinforced concrete structure about fire resistance performance. Because of prestressed steel reinforced concrete structure’s own characteristics, there are still many problems about fire resistance. This paper mainly presented bending terminal bearing capacity of prestressed steel reinforced concrete beam under fire. Established simplified formulae for calculation, it is meet the engineering accuracy requirement.
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Ostrowski, Krzysztof Adam, Carlos Chastre, Kazimierz Furtak, and Seweryn Malazdrewicz. "Consideration of Critical Parameters for Improving the Efficiency of Concrete Structures Reinforced with FRP." Materials 15, no. 8 (April 9, 2022): 2774. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15082774.
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Fibre-reinforced polymer materials (FRP) are increasingly used to reinforce structural elements. Due to this, it is possible to increase the load-bearing capacity of polymer, wooden, concrete, and metal structures. In this article, the authors collected all the crucial aspects that influence the behaviour of concrete elements reinforced with FRP. The main types of FRP, their characterization, and their impact on the load-carrying capacity of a composite structure are discussed. The most significant aspects, such as type, number of FRP layers including fibre orientation, type of matrix, reinforcement of concrete columns, preparation of a concrete surface, fire-resistance aspects, recommended conditions for the lamination process, FRP laying methods, and design aspects were considered. Attention and special emphasis were focused on the description of the current research results related to various types of concrete reinforced with FRP composites. To understand which aspects should be taken into account when designing concrete reinforcement with composite materials, the main guidelines are presented in tabular form.
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Shahiron, Shahidan, Norazura Muhamad Bunnori, Md Noor Noorsuhada, and Siti Ramziah Basri. "Health Index Evaluation on Acoustic Emission Signal for Concrete Structure by Intensity Analysis Method." Advanced Materials Research 403-408 (November 2011): 3729–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.403-408.3729.
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Concrete structures have been facing several types of damage mechanisms during their lifetime. Mostly, the types are commonly defects in concretes structures are crack formations. Therefore, evaluation methods such as acoustic emission (AE) are required for assessing the deterioration on concrete structures. This paper gives a brief on the evaluations of the acoustic emission signal strength to the health monitoring of reinforced concrete structure beam. Small scale size beam have been used for this investigation and the AE signal processing are the main principal data in this work for assessing by using the statistical quantitative technique, which is known as intensity analysis (IA).This type of technique is able to quantify and evaluate the damage severity on concrete structures. Eventually, by using the AE signal strength data, the results indicates are greater instruments in determining the damage mechanism level on concretes structure.
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Annamaneni, Krishna Kiran, Bhumika Vallabhbhai Dobariya, and Krasnikovs Andrejs. "CONCRETE, REINFORCED BY CARBON FIBRE COMPOSITE STRUCTURE, LOAD BEARING CAPACITY DURING CRACKING." ENVIRONMENT. TECHNOLOGIES. RESOURCES. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 2 (June 17, 2021): 232–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2021vol2.6655.
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Different authors conducted studies on fiber reinforced concretes (FRC) with carbon fibres of different lengths and some results showed that concrete mix with homogeneously distributed short fibres in their volume have good strength and ultra-strain compared to normal plain concrete mix. However, this study is focused more on 3-dimensional (3D) carbon fibre reinforced plastic (epoxy) CFRP composite thin rods frame used as a reinforcement in concrete which shows good increase in loadbearing and ductility. Were investigated concrete mixes with superplasticizer, nano-silica, quartz sand, fine natural sand and gravels. Diagonal cross bracing carbon fibre epoxy frames were used as a reinforcement giving better ductility results. Proposed study approach is to show that the reinforced concrete with provided materials have an increased performance in terms of ductility, sustainability, and load bearing in cracked statement. Total, four groups of concrete and each group with three beams were casted and tested in this experiment, three groups with three different shapes of carbon frames and three beams without frames to compare the mechanical properties after 28 days. Failure mechanisms in any particular case were analysed.
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Semko, Oleksandr, Viktor Dariienko, and Vitaliy Sirobaba. "Deformability of Short Steel Reinforced Concrete Structures on Light Concrete." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.2 (June 20, 2018): 370. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.2.14555.
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The calculation, modeling and experimental research of steel-concrete tubular elements made of thin-walled galvanized sheet metal and lightweight concrete have been carried out. The proposed type of structures can be used as a separate structure in the form of a column or a pillar, and one of the types of the reinforcement of a certain light structure. The basic technological and constructive requirements for manufacturing and further exploitation of structures are given. For determination of actual work’s indexes of constructions experimental research of standards are undertaken, and recommendations on adjustment of well-known calculation formulas of close constructions as for structural parameters are given. The design (modeling) was performed in MSC / Nastran software. An analysis of the proposed structures use is carried out with the corresponding conclusions.
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Tan, Lei, Xi Jun Liu, and Ming Qiao Zhu. "Research on Factors Affecting Durability and Improvements for FRP Reinforced Concrete Structures." Advanced Materials Research 189-193 (February 2011): 847–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.189-193.847.
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With wide applications of FRP in civil engineering, it is necessary to study the durability of FRP reinforced concrete structure. Based on the related research both at home and abroad, the factors affecting durability of FRP reinforced concrete structures and the corresponding improvements have been put forward by analyzing the durability of concrete, FRP materials and reinforced structures, respectively.
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Novak, Josef, and Alena Kohoutkova. "Structural Fiber Reinforced Concrete Elements." Solid State Phenomena 259 (May 2017): 221–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.259.221.
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The building industry offers a wide range of materials which can be used for the production of various structural elements. Fibre reinforced concrete (FRC) is a material which is more frequently utilized for concrete structures. The reason is its physical and mechanical properties which contribute to traditional concrete elements and structures various economical benefits such as structure subtlety, part or full elimination of conventional reinforcement, resistance to mechanical loading and surrounding environment. Therefore, it is necessary to search for appropriate structures where the benefits of FRC could be used. First of all it is necessary to seek for structures which owing to their geometry and intended use seem to be appropriate for FRC application. It can be either new structural elements or existing structural elements made of a different material. During a material optimization there are many parameters to take into account which include production costs, manufacturing technology, structural behaviour, ultimate bearing capacity and durability of proposed member. The efficiency of material optimization is determined by comparing these parameters. While it is relatively easy and cost efficient to determine and evaluate the production costs, structure durability and manufacturing technology, to describe the structural behaviour of innovative elements is a complex task. However there are many sophisticated software which are capable to accurately simulate the behaviour of structural elements by using modern computational methods. At the end of feasibility study, experimental testing is conducted on full-scale pilot elements with the aim to verify their real behaviour as well as to optimize the computational model. As a result, many innovative FRC based structural elements have been developed at Czech Technical University in Prague in cooperation with construction companies.
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Molodin, V. V., and S. N. Leonovich. "Bonding of Recovery Concrete with Corrosion-Destroyed Reinforced Concrete Structure." Science & Technique 21, no. 1 (February 3, 2022): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/2227-1031-2022-21-1-36-41.
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. The adhesion of concrete is a decisive factor in restoring the performance of reinforced concrete structures. During the operation of reinforced concrete in an aggressive environment, aggressive agents penetrate through the pores and capillaries to the reinforcement which begins to corrode. The resulting corrosion products have a large volume than the metal itself, and create pressure on the protective layer concrete from the inside. Ultimately, it exfoliates, the unprotected reinforcement is destroyed even more intensively, and soon the structure loses its bearing capacity. Standard restoration includes cleaning the damaged surface, additional reinforcement and concrete coating of the structure. However, after sometime, peeling of the repair concrete is often observed. This is because a layer damaged by corrosion does not provide high-quality adhesion of the “old” concrete to the “new” one. The reason is the destruction of the structure of the surface concrete layer by aggressive influences. In most cases, carbon dioxide is an aggressive agent. The study of the effect of carbon dioxide on cement stone has shown the destruction of the crystalline framework of the material and a decrease in its cohesive strength. Micrographs of cement stone damaged and undamaged by corrosion, taken with magnification 7000 times, convincingly demonstrate the results of the destructive work of carbon dioxide. This has a significant effect on grip. The use of forced heating of the repair mixture when it is placed in contact with the restored structure leads to the appearance of temperature gradients that enhance thermal diffusion. And the greater the temperature gradient, the more intense and deeper the penetration of the cement dissolution products from the repair concrete into the concrete body of the structure being restored. And this, in turn, contributes to the impregnation of the damaged cement stone with the liquid phase from the repair concrete mixture. Crystallizing, the cement dissolution products form a new crystalline structure in the damaged cement stone, which enhances its cohesive strength and binds the repair concrete to the intact concrete structure of the restored structure, ensuring the quality of adhesion.
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Li, Na, Fangfang Yang, and Dongli Wang. "Research on strength detection and reinforcement technology of concrete building structures." E3S Web of Conferences 136 (2019): 04049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913604049.
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Reinforced concrete is needed in houses, tunnels, garden facilities and so on. The first requirement for buildings is safety. Therefore, no matter what the design concept of buildings and how the structure of buildings changes, concrete as a basic material is indispensable, and it is particularly important to pay attention to the safety of reinforced concrete building structures. Thus, the reinforcement technology of reinforced concrete is derived. In this paper, the method of strength detection of concrete building structure is given first, and on this basis, the reinforcement technology of concrete and soil is deeply studied.
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Zhao, Jun, and Wei Wei Jia. "Random Analysis of RC Structures during Construction." Applied Mechanics and Materials 105-107 (September 2011): 981–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.105-107.981.
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Since accidents of reinforced concrete structure occur frequently, it is a key issue to ensure the safety and stability of structures during construction. In this paper, each construction cycle was divided into four stages using discrete time method of freezing to establish the computational model. According to random theory, with the characteristics of reinforced concrete structures during construction, a series of recurrence equation is built by stochastic finite element method during construction. Based on a random analysis of practical engineering, the random response time-varying rule of reinforced concrete structure is obtained during construction. The results show that the construction process of reinforced concrete structure could be simulated well based on perturbation stochastic finite element method .Both the mean and standard deviation of deflection of mid-span could be obtained precisely.
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BOSTANCIOĞLU, Esra. "THE STRUCTURE ANALYSIS OF BUILDINGS IN TURKEY AND SELECTION OF THE STRUCTURE." INTERNATIONAL REFEREED JOURNAL OF DESIGN AND ARCHITECTURE, no. 23 (2021): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.17365/tmd.2021.turkey.23.01.
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Aim Building structures are assessed with several parameters such as cost, construction time, fire resistance, life cycle, maintenance and repair frequency, and environmental impacts. Building structures are reviewed as masonry, steel framed, wood framed, reinforced concrete framed, composite and prefabricated structures. This study aims to analyze the existing building stock of Turkey and assess the existing buildings in terms of their structural system decisions. Method: Following the comparative assessment of the types of structures based on literature review, assessment criteria for the selection of structural system are determined and a statistical analysis of the existing building stock in Turkey has been made in terms of the use of different structures. A questionnaire was prepared for the architects who decided the structural system in the design phase. Respondents evaluate the structural systems and selection criteria. Statistical analysis is made with the results of the survey. Findings: There is a clear preference for reinforced concrete framed structures in Turkey. A quantitative assessment of the structural systems in the existing buildings in Turkey by 2018 shows that 93.13% of the building stock has reinforced concrete framed. Looking at the individual years in the 2009 to 2018 period, the rate of preference of using reinforced concrete framed structures never went below 89% among all types of structures, but steel framed structure is the most preferred structural system at the end of the survey. Conclusion: It is thought-provoking that although different structures have different comparative advantages, structures other than reinforced concrete framed are preferred so little. The findings will contribute to making the right decision in building structure with the assessment of different structures in different aspects.
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Hou, Xin Ning, and Yong Sheng Zhang. "Talking about the Importance of the Construction of the Reinforced Protective Layer Control." Applied Mechanics and Materials 256-259 (December 2012): 859–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.256-259.859.
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Reinforced protective layer to ensure the durability of reinforced concrete structures important tectonic structures plays a vital role. Reinforced concrete reinforced the lack of a protective layer will affect the durability of the components, in serious cases, the member failure early. Meticulous construction, requires not only the structure of acceptable quality, also require durability is better. This paper tries to force mechanism of reinforced concrete together, combined with years of construction practice, to talk about the importance of control in the construction of reinforced protective layer.
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Zuo, Yong Zhi, Jing Bo Sun, Qiao Zhi Lu, Hai Wen Teng, Tao Zhang, and Huan Liu. "Case Fuzzy Retrieval of Reinforced Concrete Structures Accidents Based on CBR." Applied Mechanics and Materials 501-504 (January 2014): 568–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.501-504.568.
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In order to help engineers to better learn from accidents of reinforced concrete structures, accident identification and processing method, this article introduced the ideas of CBR to the accident case retrieval methods of reinforced concrete structures. At the same time, the fuzzy retrieval and knowledge index model of reinforced concrete structure accidents are presented. According to the approximate extent of construction conditions, the approximation of construction are determined, and similar cases with the current engineering cases then retrieved through the case of reinforced concrete structures, which the designer or construction workers can learn from.
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Woju, Utino Worabo, and A. S. Balu. "Time-dependent safety performance of reinforced concrete structures." Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology 18, no. 5 (January 24, 2020): 1103–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jedt-08-2019-0218.
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Purpose Performance of the structure depends on design, construction, environment, utilization and reliability aspects. Other factors can be controlled by adopting proper design and construction techniques, but the environmental factors are difficult to control. Hence, mostly in practice, the environmental factors are not considered in the analysis and design appropriately; however, their impact on the performance of the structures is significant along with the design life. It is in this light that this paper aims to perform the time-dependent performance analysis of reinforced concrete structures majorly considering environmental factors. Design/methodology/approach To achieve the intended objective, a simply supported reinforced concrete beam was designed and detailed as per the Euro Code (EC2). The time-dependent design parameters, corrosion parameters, creep and shrinkage were identified through thorough literature review. The common empirical equations were modified to consider the identified parameters, and finally, the time-dependent performance of reinforced concrete beam was performed. Findings Findings indicate that attention has to be paid to appropriate consideration of the environmental effect on reinforced concrete structures. In that, the time-dependent performance of reinforced concrete beam significantly decreases with time due to corrosion of reinforcement steel, creep and shrinkage. Originality/value However, the Euro code, Ethiopian code and Indian code threat the exposure condition of reinforced concrete by providing corresponding concrete cover that retards the corrosion initiation time but does not eliminate environmental effects. The results of this study clearly indicate that the capacity of reinforced concrete structure degrades with time due to corrosion and creep, whereas the action on the structure due to shrinkage increases. Therefore, appropriate remedial measures have to be taken to control the defects of structures due to the environmental factors to overcome the early failure of the structure.
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Qian, Kun, Miao Wang, Guang Hui Jia, and Yuan Xia. "Research on Optimization Design of EPS Module Reinforced Concrete Frame Structure." Advanced Materials Research 997 (August 2014): 405–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.997.405.
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Advantages of EPS module Reinforced concrete frame structure are enormous. For example, High precision, low cost, fast construction speed, low energy consumption. It has a wide application prospect in town building and post disaster reconstruction, cold region housing industrialization and other fields. It must have considerable economic benefit, if we can optimize the design reasonable on EPS module Reinforced concrete frame structure. As the design variables, constraint conditions, calculation and other reasons. In fact we are not on the EPS module Reinforced concrete frame structure to optimize the design of effective. This paper analyzed the EPS module of reinforced concrete frame structure and engineering optimization design theory development trend, research on EPS module of reinforced concrete frame structure optimization design problem and discusses the EPS module structure of reinforced concrete frame structure optimization design of the feasibility of using genetic algorithm.
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Lu, Li Hua, Hai Xia Sun, Si Li Chen, Gui Sheng Pan, and Min Ji Yang. "Research on the Mechanical Properties of Concrete Members under Holding Load." Advanced Materials Research 255-260 (May 2011): 309–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.255-260.309.
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In order to study the bearing capacity conditions of the reinforced concrete structure in service in the phase of using,test the mechanical properties of the bending members of reinforced concrete structures under loading and not loading conditions,and compare and analyze the relationship of load and deflection, crack, steel strain,concrete face strain under the two conditions,has got the conclusion that the bearing capacity decreased almost 12% under holding load, and analyze the effect of the bearing capacity and deformation under holding load; use ABAQUS finite element to simulate bending members of reinforced concrete structures under holding loading,and the simulation values are very close to the experimental results; indicate that finite element simulation can be carried out in prediction the service life of reinforced concrete structure in practical engineering.
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Bao, Yanhong, Bowen Chen, and Lei Xu. "Analysis of Concrete-Filled Steel Tube Reinforced Concrete Column-Steel Reinforced Concrete Beam Plane Frame Structure Subjected to Fire." Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (April 7, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6620030.
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The ABAQUS finite-element analysis platform was used to understand the mechanical behavior of concrete-filled steel tube reinforced concrete (CFSTRC) columns and steel reinforced concrete (SRC) beam plane frames under fire conditions. Thermal parameters and mechanical constitutive model of steel and concrete materials were reasonably selected, the correct boundary conditions were chosen, and a numerical model for the thermal mechanical coupling of CFSTRC columns and SRC beam plane frame structure was established. The finite-element model was verified from related experimental test results. The failure modes, deformation, and internal force distribution of the CFSTRC column and SRC beam plane frames were analyzed under ISO-834 standard fire conditions and with an external load. The influence of beam and column fire-load ratio on the fire resistance of the frame structure was established, and the fire-resistance differences between the plane frame structures and columns were compared. The CFSTRC column-steel reinforced concrete beam plane frame may undergo beam failure or the column and beam may fail simultaneously. The frame structure fire-resistance decreased with an increase of column and beam fire-load ratio. The column and beam fire-load ratio influence the fire resistance of the frames significantly. In this numerical example, the fire resistance of the frames is less than the single columns. It is suggested that the fire resistance of the frame structure should be considered when a fire-resistant structural engineering design is carried out.
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MERCİMEK, Ömer. "Numerical Investigation of a Reinforced Concrete Structure Rehabilitated by New Reinforced Concrete Layers." Gazi Journal of Engineering Sciences 7, no. 3 (December 31, 2021): 286–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.30855/gmbd.2021.03.11.
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Askarizadeh, N., and M. R. Mohammadizadeh. "Numerical Analysis of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic (CFRP) Shear Walls and Steel Strips under Cyclic Loads Using Finite Element Method." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 7, no. 6 (December 18, 2017): 2147–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.1279.
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Reinforced concrete shear walls are the main elements of resistance against lateral loads in reinforced concrete structures. These walls should not only provide sufficient resistance but also provide sufficient ductility in order to avoid brittle fracture, particularly under strong seismic loads. However, many reinforced concrete shear walls need to be stabilized and reinforced due to various reasons such as changes in requirements of seismic regulations, weaknesses in design and execution, passage of time, damaging environmental factors, patch of rebar in plastic hinges and in some cases failures and weaknesses caused by previous earthquakes or explosion loads. Recently, Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) components have been extensively and successfully used in seismic improvement. This study reinforces FRP reinforced concrete shear walls and steel strips. CFRP and steel strips are evaluated by different yield and ultimate strength. Numerical and experimental studies are done on walls with scale 1/2. These walls are exposed to cyclic loading. Hysteresis curves of force, drift and strain of FRP strips are reviewed in order to compare results of numerical work and laboratory results. Both numerical and laboratory results show that CFRP and steel strips increase resistance, capacity and ductility of the structure.
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Valivonis, Juozas, and Gediminas Marčiukaitis. "TECHNOLOGICAL-STRUCTURAL PECULIARITIES OF REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES STRENGTHENED WITH CARBON FIBER-REINFORCED POLYMER." Technological and Economic Development of Economy 12, no. 2 (June 30, 2006): 77–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13928619.2006.9637726.
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Carbon fiber‐reinforced polymer is used for strengthening of reinforced concrete structures with externally bonded reinforcement. This fiber has more strength and better deformation properties than steel. During glueing, the glue is absorbed in the surface layer of concrete. It changes physical and mechanical properties of concrete. This effect depends on the structure of concrete. Experimental investigations sustained absorbing of glue and strengthening of concrete. The rigidity between concrete and carbon fiber polymer layer is smaller in cracked zones. Shear deformations decrease rigidity and strength in a contact zone. The authors methods were investigated in fastening carbon fiber‐reinforced polymer to concrete. The efficiency of these methods was definited. Theoretical results are compared with experimental results.
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Belov, Vyacheslav, and Valery Morozov. "Fire Resistance of Non-Crack Resistant Flexural Reinforced Concrete Elements." Applied Mechanics and Materials 725-726 (January 2015): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.725-726.15.
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In developed countries only loss of property because of fire makes annually up to 2% of their national income [9, 15]. The bearing capacity of reinforced concrete structures at high temperature impact is lost within several dozens of minutes [1, 3, 5, 10, 12, 18, 25]. Disappointing statistics of increase of both the number of fires and the scope of damage due to them aggravates the actual problem of determination of reinforced concrete structures fire-endurance. The main problems and methods of evaluation of reinforced concrete structure fire resistance are stated. Within the framework of block approach to evaluation of strain of flexural reinforced concrete elements with cracks, design model of reinforced concrete thermo-force resistance is made. Extended nomenclature of influences of high temperature at fire on decrease of performance of bearing reinforced concrete structures is considered. Empirical dependencies of strength and strain characteristics of concrete and reinforcement on high temperatures are used. Proposals on specification of evaluation of fire resistance of statically indeterminate reinforced concrete structures are formulated.
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Kaczmarczyk, Grzegorz Piotr, Roman Kinasz, Vitaliy Bilozir, and Ivanna Bidenko. "Application of X-ray Computed Tomography to Verify Bond Failures Mechanism of Fiber-Reinforced Fine-Grain Concrete." Materials 15, no. 6 (March 16, 2022): 2193. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15062193.
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This paper proposes the use of X-ray computed tomography (µCT, xCT) measurements together with finite element method (FEM) numerical modelling to assess bond failures mechanism of fiber-reinforced fine-grain concrete. Fiber-reinforced concrete is becoming popular for application in civil engineering structures. A dynamically developing topic related to concretes is the determination of bond characteristics. Nowadays, modern technologies allow inspecting the inside of the element without the need to damage its structure. This paper discusses the application of computed tomography in order to identify damage occurring in the structure of fiber-reinforced fine-grain concrete during bond failure tests. The publication is part of a larger study to determine the bonding properties of Ukrainian steel fibers in fine-grain concrete. The authors focused on the visual evaluation of sections obtained from tomographic data. Separately, the results of volumetric analysis were presented to quantitatively assess the changes occurring in the matrix structure. Finite element analysis is an addition to the substantive part and allows us to compare real damage areas with theoretical stress concentration areas. The result of the work is the identification of a path that allows verification of the locations where matrix destruction occurs.
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Xue, Jianyang, Xin Zhang, Rui Ren, Lei Zhai, and Linlin Ma. "Experimental and numerical study on seismic performance of steel reinforced recycled concrete frame structure under low-cyclic reversed loading." Advances in Structural Engineering 21, no. 12 (February 22, 2018): 1895–910. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369433218759080.
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This article mainly focused on the seismic performance of steel reinforced recycled concrete frame structure under low-cyclic reversed loading. To evaluate seismic performance of steel reinforced recycled concrete frame structure, a two-span three-storied steel reinforced recycled concrete frame was conducted at civil engineering laboratory of Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology. Experimental and numerical studies were implemented to investigate the crack status, failure modes, hysteresis loops, skeleton curves, energy dissipation capacity, load–displacement curves, P-Δ effect, and the influence of recycled concrete strength under low-cyclic reversed loading. Results indicate that the steel reinforced recycled concrete frame structure has good seismic behavior during test, and the spindle-shaped hysteresis loops illustrate that the frame has relatively high energy dissipation capacities. The design of steel reinforced recycled concrete frame satisfied the requirements of strong column weak beam, strong shear weak bending, and strong joint weak components. Finally, the simulated results obtained by OpenSees software agree well with the test, which verify the rationality and reliability of the proposed model. The conclusions of this article will be helpful for the design of steel reinforced recycled concrete structures in seismic regions.