Journal articles: 'Reinforcement cage'

1

Zhou, Xin, Guang Xiu Fang, Ping Zhang, and Yuan Qing Leng. "Manufacturing and Hoisting Technology for Reinforcement Cage of Deep Foundation Excavation Bored Piles." Advanced Materials Research 1044-1045 (October 2014): 633–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1044-1045.633.

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Combined with the Beijing Business Center (CBD) core district Z14 plots commercial finance project (hereinafter referred to as the "CBD project") foundation pit construction, introduces the deep foundation pit of bored pile reinforcement cage fabrication and erection construction technology. In the construction process, through the site set up a special steel processing and production platform, the localization of the flange and other measures to solve the steel reinforcement cage positioning and connection construction difficulties. Combining the engineering fact, detailed calculation process of lifting steel cage hanging position, lifting machinery and hoisting rigging selection, and through the ANSYS software of finite element analysis and put forward specific measures to ensure the quality of steel reinforcement cage.

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Calef, Richard S., Alison L. Haupt, Michael C. Choban, J. Patrick Sharpe, James A. Stover, and E. Scott Geller. "Delay of Reinforcement Effects without Goal-Box Confinement." Psychological Reports 75, no. 1 (August 1994): 451–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1994.75.1.451.

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24 male albino rats were randomly assigned to one of three groups, immediate reinforcement, moderate delay, or long delay. Group Immediate ( n = 8) received food reinforcement immediately upon entering the goal box and were then placed in a waiting cage. For Group Moderate Delay ( n = 8), goal-box confinement was eliminated by placement in a waiting cage rather than confinement in the goal box. Group Long Delay ( n = 8) also had goal-box confinement eliminated with placement in a waiting cage for the 30-sec. delay of reinforcement. After acquisition trials, Group Immediate ran significantly faster than both Groups Moderate and Long Delay, but there was no significant difference in speeds between Group Moderate and Group Long Delay. Apparently, previous findings of a delay of reinforcement effect were at least partly associated with timing of presentation rather than goal-box confinement.

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Li, Jinhui, Xiaodong Shang, and Minmin Yuan. "Research on Reliability of Straight Thread Connection of Reinforcement Cage of Bridge Foundation." E3S Web of Conferences 248 (2021): 03064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202124803064.

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With the continuous improvement of bridge construction technology in our country, although the service life of the bridge has been greatly extended, the mechanical connection technology of steel bar in the technology is still in the stage of steel bar straight thread connection, which is nearly 30 years behind that of foreign countries. According to the development status and application requirements of bridge construction in China, it is of great practical significance to explore new technologies and methods to solve the problem of insufficient strength of straight thread connection of reinforcement. In this paper, the reliability of the straight thread reinforcement connection in the bridge foundation reinforcement cage connection technology is studied as the main breakthrough point, and the main problems encountered in the application of the straight thread reinforcement connection technology in the bridge reinforcement cage connection are analyzed.

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Cui, Shi Qi, Li Ping Jiang, Bo Cheng, and Tao Wang. "Experimental Study on Post-Anchoring Pulling-Out Bearing Capacity of Inorganic Materials in Concrete Test Cubes." Applied Mechanics and Materials 166-169 (May 2012): 420–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.166-169.420.

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Through the test and observe the failure deformation in concrete test cube, the paper analyze the influence of concrete strength, concrete cover thickness, internal reinforcement cage(transverse reinforcement), reinforcement diameter on the inorganic material reinforcement adhesive property, providing theoretical basis for the code of Technical specification for post-anchoring used in concrete structure with inorganic anchoring material.

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YAMANOBE, Shinichi, Tetsuya KONO, and Tokusuke NAKAI. "DEPLOYABLE REINFORCEMENT CAGE FOR CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRERTE PLIES USIND STRANDS AS LONDITUDINAL REINFORCEMENT." Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. E2 (Materials and Concrete Structures) 74, no. 3 (2018): 207–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/jscejmcs.74.207.

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Eaton, Ryan W., Tyler Libey, and Eberhard E. Fetz. "Operant conditioning of neural activity in freely behaving monkeys with intracranial reinforcement." Journal of Neurophysiology 117, no. 3 (March 1, 2017): 1112–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00423.2016.

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Operant conditioning of neural activity has typically been performed under controlled behavioral conditions using food reinforcement. This has limited the duration and behavioral context for neural conditioning. To reward cell activity in unconstrained primates, we sought sites in nucleus accumbens (NAc) whose stimulation reinforced operant responding. In three monkeys, NAc stimulation sustained performance of a manual target-tracking task, with response rates that increased monotonically with increasing NAc stimulation. We recorded activity of single motor cortex neurons and documented their modulation with wrist force. We conditioned increased firing rates with the monkey seated in the training booth and during free behavior in the cage using an autonomous head-fixed recording and stimulating system. Spikes occurring above baseline rates triggered single or multiple electrical pulses to the reinforcement site. Such rate-contingent, unit-triggered stimulation was made available for periods of 1–3 min separated by 3–10 min time-out periods. Feedback was presented as event-triggered clicks both in-cage and in-booth, and visual cues were provided in many in-booth sessions. In-booth conditioning produced increases in single neuron firing probability with intracranial reinforcement in 48 of 58 cells. Reinforced cell activity could rise more than five times that of non-reinforced activity. In-cage conditioning produced significant increases in 21 of 33 sessions. In-cage rate changes peaked later and lasted longer than in-booth changes, but were often comparatively smaller, between 13 and 18% above non-reinforced activity. Thus intracranial stimulation reinforced volitional increases in cortical firing rates during both free behavior and a controlled environment, although changes in the latter were more robust. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Closed-loop brain-computer interfaces (BCI) were used to operantly condition increases in muscle and neural activity in monkeys by delivering activity-dependent stimuli to an intracranial reinforcement site (nucleus accumbens). We conditioned increased firing rates with the monkeys seated in a training booth and also, for the first time, during free behavior in a cage using an autonomous head-fixed BCI.

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Rui, Yi, Nicholas de Battista, Cedric Kechavarzi, Xiaomin Xu, and Mei Yin. "Distributed fiber optic monitoring of a CFA pile with a central reinforcement bar bundle." Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 15, no. 1 (February 2021): 167–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11709-020-0581-z.

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AbstractIn this paper, we present an application of distributed fiber optic sensor (DFOS) technology to measure the strain of a continuous flight auger (CFA) test pile with a central reinforcement bar bundle, during a static load test carried out in London. Being distributed in nature, DFOS gives much more information about the pile performance as compared to traditional point sensors, such as identifying cross-sectional irregularities or other anomalies. The strain profiles recorded along the depth of the piles from the DFOS were used to calculate pile deformation (contraction), shaft friction, and tip resistance under various loads. Based on this pile load test, a finite element (FE) analysis was performed using a one-dimensional nonlinear load-transfer model. Calibrated by the shaft friction and tip resistance derived from the monitored data, the FE model was able to simulate the pile and soil performance during the load testing with good accuracy. The effect of the reinforcement cage and central reinforcement bar bundle were investigated, and it was found that the addition of a reinforcement cage would reduce the pile settlement by up to 20%.

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Zhu, Qinghua, Weilong Zuo, Peng Xu, and Hongyu Wang. "Research and Application of Stress and Strain Testing Method for Plain Concrete Pile." E3S Web of Conferences 233 (2021): 03016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123303016.

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At present, the stress-strain test of pile body mainly focuses on precast pile and cast-in-place pile with reinforcement, and this is mainly because the pre-assembly of test components can be carried out in the pile body or reinforcement cage before the prefabricated pile is formed. When the pile is formed, it could be embedded together with the pile body or reinforcement cage. But for the cast-in-place plain concrete pile field test research report is rare. In view of the shortcomings of the existing test methods in the test of plain concrete piles, the resistance strain gauge and inclinometer are improved to realize their application in the field test of plain concrete piles, which is employed for the deformation characteristics test of plain concrete pile under horizontal load. The test results show the applicability of the improved test method, which provides useful references for similar research.

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Voloshin, A. I., A. A. Rubel, B. I. Boyko, V. A. Rubel, and O. V. Kuraeva. "Research and development of schemes of the discrete step of reinforcement in the shaft with rope profile conductors." Geo-Technical mechanics, no. 152 (2020): 32–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/geotm2020.152.032.

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In order to ensure the cage directed motion, vertical shafts are reinforced with the shaft equipment of various designs: rigid, flexible, with no buntons, rope-profile. In this research, different existing design schemes of the shaft equipment, their advantages and disadvantages, design solutions with the rope-profile guides and discrete step of the shaft equipment installation between the tiers in the point of the cages meeting are considered and studied. Designing, research and installation of discrete reinforcing equipment with the rope-profile guides in the shafts in the point of the cages meeting can significantly diminish disadvantages of the existing (rigid and flexible) reinforcing equipment and can facilitate: to reduce the number of tiers arranged along the full depth of the shaft; to prolong trouble-free life; to cut capital construction costs due to less diameter of the shaft (for flexible shaft equipment); to make maintenance and repair essentially simpler; to reduce significantly metal content of the shaft equipment as compared to rigid shaft equipment; to reduce dynamic vibrations of the “cage-shaft equipment” system; to improve damping properties of the shaft equipment; to reduce the shaft aerodynamic resistance to the level of flexible shaft equipment; to improve reliability and safety of the shaft equipment operation; to eliminate the need to use balance ropes; to prolong life of the rope-profile guides to the level of rigid guides. The research and development of these structures and schemes are resulted in: improved reliability and durability of vertical shaft equipment and increased profitability of minerals extraction from deeper horizons. Introduction of the schemes with discrete step of reinforcing equipment installation in the point of cages meeting (in the middle of the shaft) for different locations of the tiers will significantly improve safety of vertical shaft equipment operation and the hoisting complex as a whole.

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10

Liu, Mingqi, Bihui Dai, and Dewen Liu. "Research on Hoisting Method of Reinforcement Cage for Underground Continuous Wall." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 794 (May 15, 2020): 012028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/794/1/012028.

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11

Su, Maoxin, Ying Zhao, Shucai Li, Yiguo Xue, Daohong Qiu, Peng Wang, Fanmeng Kong, and Teng Xia. "Parameter Preferences for Length Detection of Reinforcement Cage in Bored Pile." Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities 34, no. 2 (April 2020): 04020002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)cf.1943-5509.0001386.

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12

Pidun, Kevin, and Thomas Gries. "Shaped Textile Reinforcement Elements for Concrete Components." Advanced Materials Research 747 (August 2013): 415–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.747.415.

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By now the application of Textile Reinforced Concrete (TRC) for facade constructions can be considered as state of the art. Especially ventilated curtain walls made of TRC and sandwich elements made in combination of TRC-layers and foam cores recently are realized in pilot projects which are predominantly located in Aachen, Germany. The Life funded Insu-Shell façade of the Institute fuer Textiltechnik (ITA) of RWTH Aachen University gives an example of such a pilot project. Furthermore, a pedestrian bridge has been built in Albstadt, Germany. The enormous potential of TRC-applications is shown in these practical projects. All projects have been completed successfully and present good results in terms of the surface quality, the design freedom, the wall thinness and the ecological performance. A networked process chain was aimed at and approached and finally implemented. Apart from this, all these projects incorporating impregnated textile reinforcements reveal unanswered questions regarding production of shaped reinforcement elements, their ability to bear loads and their durability. Particularly the transformation of a 2D-warp-knit fabric to a reinforcement element (textile reinforcement cage) is a challenge, which needs to be addressed further. Since the beginning of 2012 a new transfer project called Shaped textile reinforcement elements for concrete components (T08) within the framework of the Collaborative Research Center 532 `Textile Reinforced Concrete - Development of a new technology` is funded. That challenge is to be solved in the T08 project in cooperation with Institutes from the RWTH Aachen University and industry partners led by the Institute of Structural Concrete of RWTH Aachen University.

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13

Luhchenko, Olena, Ali Nazhem, and Dmitriy Oreshkin. "Peculiarities of calculation and design of slabs on elastic cushion reinforced with non-metallic composite reinforcement." MATEC Web of Conferences 230 (2018): 02017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201823002017.

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Fiber-glass composite reinforcement becomes increasingly popular in different spheres of industry and public economy. Unique technology of the reinforcement production allows receiving the high-quality construction material which complies with modern requirements of liability, quality and safety. Pavlivska Square in Kharkiv may serve as an example of efficient application of non-metallic composite reinforcement for the reinforcement of slabs on elastic cushion during the construction of which the composite grids SKS-100/100 manufactured by Ekipage Technological Group were used as the reinforcement units. Pavement slab reinforcement scheme (including the working draft) was elaborated by the specialists of the Building Constructions Department of O.M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy. The arrangement of the pavement slab of Pavlivska Square was conducted within the short period of time. Due to this, for the purpose of mounting the two-layer reinforcing cage of the slab, the workers of Ekipage Technological Group elaborated a new mounting method which allows the essential reduction of the performance time.

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14

Josa, Irene, Nikola Tošić, Snežana Marinković, Albert de la Fuente, and Antonio Aguado. "Sustainability-Oriented Multi-Criteria Analysis of Different Continuous Flight Auger Piles." Sustainability 13, no. 14 (July 6, 2021): 7552. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13147552.

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With increasing construction activity and concrete consumption globally, the economic, environmental, and social impacts of human activities continue to increase rapidly. Therefore, it is imperative to assess the choice and construction of each structure and structural component from a sustainability-based perspective. In this study, such a multi-criteria decision-making approach using the MIVES method is applied to the choice of grouped continuous flight auger (CFA) piles. Different alternatives of CFA piles are studied: length (10 and 20 m), reinforcement (steel cage reinforcement and structural fibers), and aggregates (natural crushed aggregates and recycled aggregate concrete sourced from stationary and mobile recycling plants), based on experimentally verified mix designs. All alternatives were analyzed considering economic, environmental, and social requirements, using a decision-making tree with eight criteria and eleven indicators, with weights assigned by an expert panel. The results of the analysis showed a clear advantage in terms of all three sustainability requirements for CFA piles with steel fibers and recycled aggregate concrete, with all solutions with steel cage reinforcement having significantly lower values of the sustainability index. Such results demonstrate the need for implementing innovative solutions even in structural members such as CFA piles that are often considered in insufficient detail.

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MORDOVSKIY, Sergey S., and Kamil B. SHARAFUTDINOV. "EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON THE INFLUENCE OF TRANSVERSE REINFORCEMENT FOR STRENGTH OF COMPRESSED REINFORCED CONCRETE ELEMENTS." Urban construction and architecture 10, no. 4 (March 5, 2021): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17673/vestnik.2020.04.3.

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The infl uence of transverse reinforcement, including indirect reinforcement, on the strength of compressed reinforced concrete elements is analyzed. This question arose in connection with the possibility of increasing the strength of short reinforced concrete elements loaded with a longitudinal force with small eccentricities within the section of the element. For such elements, the cage eff ect may appear, associated with the coeffi cient of transverse deformations, the magnitude of which is a direct factor in the destruction of the concrete sample, and the limitation of these directly aff ects the bearing capacity of the sample in the direction of increase. The infl uence of transverse reinforcement in the form of stirrups located with diff erent spacing, as well as indirect reinforcement in the form of meshes with a classical rectangular cell and meshes of the “zigzag” type is considered.

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16

Islam, Md Anowarul, Qamruzzaman Parvez, SK Sarker, Md Fahad Goni, and Md Masud Rana. "In Spondylotic Cervical Myelopathy Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion by Peek Cage Without Plate Reinforcement is a Standard Method of Treatment." Journal of Dhaka Medical College 25, no. 2 (September 13, 2017): 110–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdmc.v25i2.33976.

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Background: Anterior cervical discectomy with fusion (ACDF) is challenging with respect to both patient selection and choice of surgical procedure.Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcome of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion with an artificial cage made of polyetheretherketone .Patients and Methods: From January 2012 to January 2016, 40 consecutive patients referred to the Department of spine surgery, Bangabandhu Shekh Mujib Medical University were recruited for the study.Postoperative Clinical outcome assessd with Nurick scale for myelopathy, Odoms criteria for functional outcome and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for both neck and arm pain. Radiological fusion was assessed by X-ray. Operative complications were reported.Results: 18 patients were operated for one level discectomy and fusion with PEEK cages and 22 patients for two levels. There were 24 (60%) males and 16 (40%) females. The age of the patients ranged from 30-72 years, a mean ± SD 45±8.34. At the 2 years clinical follow-up, there were significant post operative improvements of Nurick scale, and VAS comparative to preoperative record. According to Odoms criteria, 36/40 patients (90%) were graded excellentgood.Conclusion: Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion with polyetheretherketone (PEEK) cage is an effective treatment of cervical myelopathy having higher fusion rate and lack of donor site morbidity.J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 25, No.2, October, 2016, Page 110-114

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Becker, Johannes, M. Winkler, C. von Rüden, E. Bliven, P. Augat, and H. Resch. "Comparison of two reinforcement rings for primary total hip arthroplasty addressing displaced acetabular fractures: a biomechanical analysis." Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery 140, no. 12 (April 8, 2020): 1947–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00402-020-03433-3.

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Abstract Introduction Aim of this study was to biomechanically compare two different acetabular cup fixation constructs in terms of fracture fixation for displaced acetabular fractures involving the anterior column with hemitransverse fracture under partial and full weight-bearing conditions. Methods Two different reinforcement rings designed as cages for primary THA were biomechanically tested in terms of managing a complex acetabular fracture. Single-leg stance cyclic loading was performed to assess fracture gap movement and fragment rotation. Twelve hemi pelvis Sawbones were divided into two groups: primary THA with acetabulum roof reinforcement plate (ARRP) (n = 6) and primary THA with Burch–Schneider reinforcement cage (BSRC) (n = 6). Results During loading under partial weight-bearing (250 N) fracture gap movement tended to be larger in the BSRC group as compared to the ARRP group. Under full weight-bearing conditions, the ARRP showed 60% significantly less motion (p = 0.035) of the os ilium to os ischii gap compared to BSRC. Fracture gap movements between the os ilium and spina iliaca fragments were significantly reduced by 76% (p = 0.048) for ARRP in contrast to BSRC. The ARRP group also demonstrated significantly less movement in the fracture gaps os ischii to quadrilateral plate (62% reduction, p = 0.009) and quadrilateral plate to spina iliaca (87% reduction, p < 0.001). Significantly less rotational movement of the quadrilateral plate to the os ilium was exhibited by the ARRP group (p = 0.015). Conclusions The presented acetabulum roof-reinforcement plate (ARRP) provides stable conditions at the acetabular component with adequate stabilization of a displaced acetabular fracture.

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PASQUAL, R. P. S., A. C. M. KORMANN, and T. F. DE SOUZA JUNIOR. "Proposal of a new system to classify possible damages in piles partially reinforced considering the results of low strain integrity tests." Revista IBRACON de Estruturas e Materiais 12, no. 6 (December 2019): 1408–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1983-41952019000600011.

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Abstract Low strain integrity tests in piles are relatively cheap, of quick execution and nondestructive. Despite all these advantages, several variables are involved and the influence of external factors can complicate the interpretation of the results. Between them, the influence of the pile reinforcement can be high lighted. In piles partially reinforced, the difference in density and elastic modulus of the concrete in different parts of the pile and the influence of the process of introducing the reinforcement bars can induce some reflections in the test that can be confused with damage in the pile and, therefore, should be taken into account to analyze the tests results. In this research, the influence of the reinforcement embedded in the piles is analyzed using numerical (FEM) simulations and comparing them with tests made in the field. A new classification of possible damages is proposed based on the analysis of the reflections observed at the end of the reinforcement cage embedded in a pile partially reinforced.

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Yu, He Ran, Xiao Bo Wang, and Jing He Wang. "Research on Construction Technology of Shaft Maintenance Structure in Shield Tunneling." Applied Mechanics and Materials 71-78 (July 2011): 4483–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.71-78.4483.

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Based on the background of Xi-Jiang cross-river shield tunneling construction of gas pipeline network project in Guangdong province, this paper expounded engineering measures and innovative technology of the shaft maintenance structures under the composite stratum conditions, which included trench construction for diaphragm wall, reinforcement cage craning and installation, concrete spouting and static blast excavation, to provide some reference for similar projects.

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Liu, J., X. Zhang, D. E. Bowen, E. A. Eastwood, and N. Bowler. "Plasticization and reinforcement in a boron cage compound polyurethane nanocomposite: A dielectric study." Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 371-372 (July 2013): 6–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2013.03.030.

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Abolghasemian, M., M. Sadeghi Naini, S. Tangsataporn, P. Lee, D. Backstein, O. Safir, P. Kuzyk, and A. E. Gross. "Reconstruction of massive uncontained acetabular defects using allograft with cage or ring reinforcement." Bone & Joint Journal 96-B, no. 3 (March 2014): 319–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/0301-620x.96b3.32850.

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Ramadan, Abdullah, Ahmed Shehata, Abdul-Aziz Younis, Lui Sammy Wong, and Moncef L. Nehdi. "Modeling structural behavior of precast concrete pipe with single elliptical steel cage reinforcement." Structures 27 (October 2020): 903–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2020.06.037.

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23

Blanco, Ignazio, and Francesco A. Bottino. "Synthesis, thermal behavior, and kinetics of degradation of alkyl hepta cyclopentyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes/polysterene nanocomposites." Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials 31, no. 7 (August 31, 2017): 913–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0892705717729017.

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The degradation of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS)/polystyrene (PS) nanocomposites at different percentages of reinforcement was studied in order to verify their thermal stability in respect to the pristine PS. Analyzed compounds were prepared by in situ polymerization of styrene, in the presence of POSSs and characterized by 1H-NMR. The temperature at 5% mass loss and the activation energy of degradation, determined through kinetics literature methods, were taken into consideration in order to assess both the resistance and the kinetics of degradation. The results obtained for the synthesized polymer and composites were discussed and compared with each other and with those obtained in the past for similar alkyl-POSS/PS nanocomposites. A good improvement of the thermal stability, in respect to neat polymer, was found and showed that the presence of cyclopentyl groups at the vertices of the POSS cage led to a good interaction with the matrix. It was also drawn up a thermal stability classification among the synthesized materials and those studied in the past according to the organic nature of the substituents on the inorganic cage of the composite reinforcement.

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Ramadan, Abdullah, Abdul-Aziz Younis, Lui Sammy Wong, and Moncef L. Nehdi. "Investigation of structural behavior of precast concrete pipe with single elliptical steel cage reinforcement." Engineering Structures 219 (September 2020): 110881. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2020.110881.

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Younis, Abdul-Aziz, Ahmed Shehata, Abdullah Ramadan, Lui Sammy Wong, and Moncef L. Nehdi. "Modeling structural behavior of reinforced-concrete pipe with single, double and triple cage reinforcement." Engineering Structures 240 (August 2021): 112374. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2021.112374.

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Gilbody, J., C. Taylor, G. E. Bartlett, S. L. Whitehouse, M. J. W. Hubble, A. J. Timperley, J. R. Howell, and M. J. Wilson. "Clinical and radiographic outcomes of acetabular impaction grafting without cage reinforcement for revision hip replacement." Bone & Joint Journal 96-B, no. 2 (February 2014): 188–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/0301-620x.96b2.32121.

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Moussa, Ahmed, Shakurur Rahman, Manman Xu, Michael Tanzer, and Damiano Pasini. "Topology optimization of 3D-printed structurally porous cage for acetabular reinforcement in total hip arthroplasty." Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials 105 (May 2020): 103705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.103705.

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罗, 赛楠. "Numerical Simulation Research on the Hoisting Process of Reinforcement Cage in Ultra-Deep Diaphragm Wall." Hans Journal of Civil Engineering 10, no. 04 (2021): 304–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/hjce.2021.104034.

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Valente, Marco. "Steel-Concrete Bond Deterioration under Repeated Loading for Different Confinement Levels." Applied Mechanics and Materials 217-219 (November 2012): 188–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.217-219.188.

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This paper presents the results of experimental tests and numerical analyses concerning the influence of repeated cyclic loading and reinforcement confinement on bond between steel rebar and concrete. Experimental tests of push-pull type were carried out at the Politecnico di Milano on concrete specimens provided with a steel cage of longitudinal bars and stirrups, and reinforced with a single steel rebar. The experimental tests were conducted under monotonic and repeated loading history. Bond strength degradation was observed due to repeated cyclic loading. Detailed three-dimensional finite element models of the specimens were developed to reproduce laboratory tests and parametric analyses were performed to provide a better understanding of the experimental results. The numerical analyses showed good agreement with the experimental results and confirmed that the applied repeated loading history caused significant bond deterioration. High values of reinforcement confinement enhanced bond strength and delayed the onset of bond deterioration.

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Kromoser, Benjamin, Oliver Gericke, Mathias Hammerl, and Werner Sobek. "Second-Generation Implants for Load Introduction into Thin-Walled CFRP-Reinforced UHPC Beams: Implant Optimisation and Investigations of Production Technologies." Materials 12, no. 23 (November 30, 2019): 3973. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12233973.

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Combining two high-performance materials—ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) as the matrix and carbon-fibre-reinforced composites (CFRP) as the reinforcement—opens up new possibilities for achieving very lightweight thin-walled concrete elements. This strategy, however, leads to a higher degree of material utilisation, resulting in the generation of higher forces around load introduction points and supports. The authors present a solution for increasing the performance of supports of very slender CFRP-reinforced UHPC beams by using metal implants. Implants are used in place of concrete in regions of stress concentrations and significant deviation forces. These are able to transfer high stresses and forces efficiently due to their ability to sustain both tension and compression in equal measure. A key issue in their development is the interface between the reinforced concrete and metal implant. Building on previous research, this paper deals with the conceptual design of three types of implants manufactured from different metals and with three different types of automated production technologies (water-jet cutting, metal casting with a 3D-printed plastic formwork and binder jetting of steel components). For this paper, tests were carried out to determine the load-bearing behaviour of beams with the three different types of support implants used for load introduction at the supports. A carbon rod served as bending reinforcement and a pre-formed textile reinforcement cage served as shear and constructive reinforcement.

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Cheng, Gao, Yong Jian Liu, and Lei Jiang. "Research on Concrete-Filled Rectangular Steel Tube Stiffeners and Axial Compression Bearing Capacity." Advanced Materials Research 1065-1069 (December 2014): 1092–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1065-1069.1092.

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Concrete-filled rectangular steel tube four sides restraint effect on the core concrete was weaker than the corner, which made the effect not significant. The paper studied a new kind of stiffening rib –PBL stiffener to strengthen restraint effect of concrete-filled rectangular steel tube , and evaluated its advantages compared with other stiffening ribs. 9 PBL stiffened concrete-filled rectangular steel tube columns under axial compressive load were tested. It also collected the test with other stiffened rids, such as straight ribs, binding bars, knee brace, steel reinforcement cage, steel bar stiffeners, saw tooth shaped stiffeners, stitching straight stiffeners and no rib concrete filled rectangular steel tube to compare. It evaluated increasing coefficient of bearing capacity by stiffening ribs. The results showed that: the PBL stiffeners and binding bar of concrete-filled rectangular steel tube bearing capacity was greater than other reinforcement measures by more than 20%; PBL stiffener could be a new prominent type of stiffener because of its excellent mechanical performance and simple construction.

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Aravind Raj, Ponsubbiah S., and Philip Saratha Joanna. "Experimental Study on Reinforced Concrete Beam and Composite Column Joint with Square Steel Cage." Applied Mechanics and Materials 622 (August 2014): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.622.81.

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For the optimum performance of the structural members, the joint of the beam and column has a significant role. This paper presents the behavior of encased steel column and reinforced concrete beam with an improved connection system. In this connection, the steel tube which interrupts the longitudinal reinforcement in the beam is made continuous in the joint zone. This is done by providing square steel cage inside the concrete casing at the joint. This system is easier for casting and tube filling when compared to the conventional method of in-situ welding and hole-drilling. Experiments were conducted on eight specimens with two specimens in each series which included four control specimens. Number of tiers and the number of concentric rings were the variables among the specimens. The specimens were tested under a constant axial load and reversed lateral loading. Experimental results indicate a significant increase in the lateral strength capacity and ductility ratio of the beam-column when the joint is provided with the square steel cage inside the concrete casing.

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Churkin, A. A., and I. N. Lozovsky. "QUALITY ASSURANCE OF DIAPHRAGM AND PILE WALLS BY GEOPHYSICS." Construction and Geotechnics 11, no. 2 (December 15, 2020): 49–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.15593/2224-9826/2020.2.05.

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Underground structures like diaphragm and pile walls are constructed to organize waterproof curtains, protect pit sides, and transfer loads from the structures. Violations of the construction technological process can lead to the formation of defects. To prevent adverse consequences, before excavation, it is necessary to control the integrity of the slurry walls using non-destructive geophysical methods. A review of geophysical slurry wall quality control methods based on the excitation and registration of physical fields through access tubes installed in the reinforcement cage, in wells drilled near the structure or on the surface of the structure, is presented. The main capabilities and limitations of the methods are given. Cross-hole ultrasonic logging was used to study the section of the slurry wall during the construction of the Moscow Metro station. The results of parallel soundings made it possible to identify anomalous zones, interpreted as defects. The geometric dimensions of one of the major defects were refined by ultrasonic tomography. For the first time in Russian testing practice, thermal integrity profiling was applied to study the diaphragm wall at the base of a residential building. The results of temperature monitoring during the concrete hardening are presented. According to the method, a major flaw, excess of the design mark of the wall bottom and bulging of the structure were revealed. The results of thermal integrity profiling were verified by ultrasonic logging. The combined use of thermal and ultrasonic methods can be recommended as a reliable tool for integrity testing of diaphragm and pile walls. To carry out the measurements, the access tubes shall be included in the reinforcement cage of the structure at the design stage.

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Yang, Bao Zhu, and Shu Chao Zhang. "Construction Technology of Super-Deep Diaphragm Wall under Complicated Geological and Hydraulic Conditions." Applied Mechanics and Materials 405-408 (September 2013): 1247–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.405-408.1247.

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Supper-deep diaphragm wall construction of a Tianjin traffic hub project penetrated through many soil layers and two layers of confined water, geological and hydraulic conditions were complicated. Some special technologies including grooving methods,anti-collapse measures,verticality controlling measures, joint treatment measures and steel reinforcement cage hoisting measures were adopted for the construction. The project was finished with short time, low cost and good quality. Engineering practice shows that these technologies were appropriate for constructing supper-deep diaphragm wall under complicated geological and hydraulic conditions. These experiences can give some references to the similar super-deep diaphragm wall construction of Tianjin and other regions in future.

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35

Hutson, G. D. "Operant tests of access to earth as a reinforcement for weaner piglets." Animal Production 48, no. 3 (June 1989): 561–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003356100004086.

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ABSTRACTOperant methods were used to measure the responsiveness to earth of five groups of seven weaner piglets held in a flat-deck cage. Lifts on a lever produced access to an earth trough, an empty trough, or had no effect. Group lever lifting performance was unaffected by earth in the trough, but at least one individual, the ‘worker piglet’, operated the lever more than the others to gain access to earth. Once the lid of the trough was opened other piglets were attracted to the earth and spent more time using the earth trough than the empty trough. Previous experience of earth appeared to modify lever lifting behaviour. In one group, a worker piglet did not emerge, and in another the worker operated the lever for earth at a reduced rate. The number of piglets using the earth trough and the amount of time spent utilizing it was reduced by prior exposure to earth. It is concluded that earth is a mild reinforcer to weaner piglets, that it will sustain a low rate of responding on an operant schedule, and that a component of its reinforcement value is its novelty.

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Borisyuk, Evgenij. "The effect of the type of fixators reinforcement on strength and deformation characteristics of reinforced concrete." E3S Web of Conferences 97 (2019): 02034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199702034.

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Rebar fixators of various types (plastic and concrete) became widespread with manufacturing of building structures of precast and monolithic reinforced concrete in order to fix steel reinforcement cage in strictly design position and to exclude the probability of its displacement during concreting. Such sufficiently rigid fixing is necessary for the following reliable operation of the structure in the building, as well as for the preservation of steel reinforcement which protected by a necessary layer of concrete from corrosion. Information available in the literature does not allow us to judge about the effects that different types of fixators apply to exploitative properties (such as strength and crack resistance) of reinforced concrete. The experiments, according to the accepted method, showed that these characteristics are slightly worse for the samples with plastic fixators and fixators made of low grade concrete than for the samples without fixators or fixators made of high grade concrete. On the base on the research results it becomes possible to substantiate the distinction between the areas of application of plastic and concrete fixatives

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Wu, Jing, Fa Zhou Wang, Yue Li, Wen Yang, and Shu Guang Hu. "Experimental Research on Seismic Behavior of RC Column with Different Concrete under Horizontal Low Cyclic Loading." Advanced Materials Research 374-377 (October 2011): 2041–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.374-377.2041.

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On the premise of maintaining certain vertical bearing capacity, the frame structure dissipates seismic energy by elastic-plastic deformation in elastic-plastic stage of earthquake action. Using lightweight concrete in structure not only can reduce the its dead weight, decrease the earthquake power; also meet the concrete strength, stiffness and elastic modulus requirements of important structure, so as to improve its energy dissipation capacity. This paper researched the effect of concrete materials, including or such as C60 high strength Lightweight concrete (HSLC), high strength concrete (HSC) and high strength Light weight aggregate concrete (HSLAC), on the seismic behavior of RC column under horizontal low cyclic loading, respectively and the match relationship between concrete and steel reinforcement cage was analyzed.

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38

KACHURIN, N. M., I. A. AFANASIEV, V. S. PESTRIKOVA, and P. P. STAS. "INTERACTIONS OF VERTICAL SHAFTS WITH ROCK MASSIFS BY RECOVERY OF LINING AND FASTENERS AND MINE SHAFT EQUIPMENT." News of the Tula state university. Sciences of Earth 3, no. 1 (2020): 290–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.46689/2218-5194-2020-3-1-290-303.

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As a result of experimental and theoretical studies, the patterns of interaction of vertical shafts with rock masses were clarified when restoring support and reinforcement to improve the geotechnology of construction of vertical shafts of potash mines in the specific conditions of the Verkhne-Kama potassium-magnesium salt deposit. The system for monitoring the dynamics of deformations and normal tangential stresses in the concrete lining of the cage and skip shafts of the Ust-Yaivinsky mine of Uralkali Company during the replacement of destroyed tubing to determine the critical time period ensuring the non-emergency replacement of tubing segments is advisable to be implemented in the form of an automated stationary monitoring systems for engineering structures.

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Levot, G. W., and R. D. Lund. "Alternative replenishment regimens to maintain diazinon concentration during shower, plunge and immersion cage dipping of Merino sheep." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 47, no. 11 (2007): 1326. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea06168.

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Constant replenishment of a 1000-L Buzzacott shower dip sump with diazinon solution at concentrations 100, 200, 300 or 500 mg/L failed to maintain the initial charge rate of 100 mg/L when short-wool Merino sheep were showered for 12 min. According to these regimens, by the completion of dipping the third pen of sheep working concentrations had dropped to 11, 29, 35 and 51 mg/L for sheep treated with replenishment solutions of 100, 200, 300 and 500 mg/L, respectively. These results suggest that the working concentration of diazinon sheep dips may be increased and maintained by raising the concentration of the replenishment solution. On average, wool samples taken from these sheep immediately after dipping contained 207, 453, 473 and 730 mg/kg, respectively. Comparison of dip concentration and wool residues indicated a linear relationship. This suggests that the capacity for Merino wool to absorb diazinon had not yet reached saturation. Compounding the difficulties with the reliability of constant replenishment shower dipping, current label directions for reinforcement and topping-up of diazinon sheep dips are unclear and often misinterpreted. A simpler and far more reliable strategy that ensured that each pen of sheep was treated similarly was tested. In this scheme, sufficient fresh dip wash (540 mg/L) from the replenishment tank was transferred to the dip sump to restore the initial sump volume after showering of each pen of sheep. This scheme reliably restored the sump concentration to the current nominal initial charge rate (100 mg/L) and was by far the easiest and most practical replenishment scheme tested. This should be the preferred strategy for shower dipping. Working concentrations of diazinon in a 5000-L mobile plunge dip charged at 100 mg/L and constantly replenished with 200 mg/L solution were maintained close to the nominal application rate of 100 mg/L. Current product label directions for reinforcement and topping-up of plunge dips were shown to be suitable for immersion cage dips operated according to these principles.

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Duan, Weining, Jian Cai, Xu-Lin Tang, Qing-Jun Chen, Chun Yang, and An He. "Axial Compressive Behaviour of Square Through-Beam Joints between CFST Columns and RC Beams with Multi-Layers of Steel Meshes." Materials 13, no. 11 (May 29, 2020): 2482. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13112482.

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The axial compressive behaviour of an innovative type of square concrete filled steel tube (CFST) column to reinforced concrete (RC) beam joint was experimentally investigated in this paper. The innovative joint was designed such that (i) the steel tubes of the CFST columns were completely interrupted in the joint region, (ii) the longitudinal reinforcements from the RC beams could easily pass through the joint area and (iii) a reinforcement cage, including a series of reinforcement meshes and radial stirrups, was arranged in the joint area to strengthen the mechanical performance of the joint. A two-stage experimental study was conducted to investigate the behaviour of the innovative joint under axial compression loads, where the first stage of the tests included three full-scale innovative joint specimens subjected to axial compression to assess the feasibility of the joint detailing and propose measures to further improve its axial compressive behaviour, and the second stage of the tests involved 14 innovative joint specimens with the improved detailing to study the effect of the geometric size of the joint, concrete strength and volume ratio of the steel meshes on the bearing strengths of the joints. It was generally found from the experiments that (i) the innovative joint is capable of achieving the design criterion of the ‘strong joint-weak member’ with appropriate designs, and (ii) by decreasing the height factor and increasing the volume ratio of the steel meshes, the axial compressive strengths of the joints significantly increased, while the increase of the length factor is advantageous but limited to the resistances of the joint specimens. Because of the lack of existing design methods for the innovative joints, new design expressions were proposed to calculate the axial compression resistances of the innovative joints subjected to bearing loads, with the local compression effect, the confinement effect provided by the multi-layers of steel meshes and the height effect of concrete considered. It was found that the proposed design methods were capable of providing accurate and safe resistance predictions for the innovative joints.

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41

Charalambous, Chrysostomos, Marek Lapka, Tereza Havlickova, Kamila Syslova, and Magdalena Sustkova-Fiserova. "Alterations in Rat Accumbens Dopamine, Endocannabinoids and GABA Content During WIN55,212-2 Treatment: The Role of Ghrelin." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 1 (December 28, 2020): 210. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22010210.

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The endocannabinoid/CB1R system as well as the central ghrelin signalling with its growth hormone secretagogoue receptors (GHS-R1A) are importantly involved in food intake and reward/reinforcement processing and show distinct overlaps in distribution within the relevant brain regions including the hypothalamus (food intake), the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and the nucleus accumbens (NAC) (reward/reinforcement). The significant mutual interaction between these systems in food intake has been documented; however, the possible role of ghrelin/GHS-R1A in the cannabinoid reinforcement effects and addiction remain unclear. Therefore, the principal aim of the present study was to investigate whether pretreatment with GHS-R1A antagonist/JMV2959 could reduce the CB1R agonist/WIN55,212-2–induced dopamine efflux in the nucleus accumbens shell (NACSh), which is considered a crucial trigger impulse of the addiction process. The synthetic aminoalklylindol cannabinoid WIN55,212-2 administration into the posterior VTA induced significant accumbens dopamine release, which was significantly reduced by the 3 mg/kg i.p. JMV2959 pretreatment. Simultaneously, the cannabinoid-increased accumbens dopamine metabolic turnover was significantly augmented by the JMV2959 pretreament. The intracerebral WIN55,212-2 administration also increased the endocannabinoid arachidonoylethanolamide/anandamide and the 2-arachidonoylglycerol/2-AG extracellular levels in the NACSh, which was moderately but significantly attenuated by the JMV2959 pretreatment. Moreover, the cannabinoid-induced decrease in accumbens γ-aminobutyric acid/gamma-aminobutyric acid levels was reversed by the JMV2959 pretreatment. The behavioural study in the LABORAS cage showed that 3 mg/kg JMV2959 pretreatment also significantly reduced the systemic WIN55,212-2-induced behavioural stimulation. Our results demonstrate that the ghrelin/GHS-R1A system significantly participates in the rewarding/reinforcing effects of the cannabinoid/CB1 agonist that are involved in cannabinoid addiction processing.

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42

Feldman, Stephen M. "An Interpretation of Max Weber's Theory of Law: Metaphysics, Economics, and the Iron Cage of Constitutional Law." Law & Social Inquiry 16, no. 02 (1991): 205–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-4469.1991.tb00919.x.

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Among legal scholars, Anthony T. Kronman and David M. Trubek have provided the leading interpretations of Weber's theory of law. Kronman and Trubek agree on two important points: Weber's theory is fundamentally contradictory, and Weber's theory relates primarily to private law subjects such as contracts. This article contests both of these points. Building on a foundation of Weber's neo-Kantian metaphysics and his sociological categories of economic action, this article shows that Weber's theory of law is not fundamentally inconsistent; rather it explores the inconsistencies that are inherent within Western society itself, including its legal systems. Furthermore, Weber's insights can be applied to modern constitutional jurisprudence. Weberian theory reveals that modern constitutional law is riddled with irreconcilable tensions between process and substance—between formal and substantive rationality. In the context of racial discrimination cases involving equal protection and the Fifteenth Amendment, the Supreme Court's acceptance of John Hart Ely's theory of representation-reinforcement demonstrates the Court's resolute pursuit of formal rationality, which insures that the substantive values and needs of minorities will remain unsatisfied.

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43

Yan, Wen Rong, Yong Hui Liu, Jing Kun Pi, and Zhen Hua He. "A Study on Internal Force Monitoring and Back Analysis of Supporting and Protecting Structure of Rock Deep Foundation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 71-78 (July 2011): 4717–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.71-78.4717.

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With the rapid development of bridge engineering, the application of supporting and protecting structure that embeds in deep foundation engineering is gradually applied in the design and construction of large-scale suspension bridge. Due to the few amount of stress gauge steel that are pre-installed in the diaphragm wall reinforcement cage in deep foundation engineering and discrete data, it is difficult for the existing frequently-used method to reflect stresses of each part of the wall truly. And for major engineerings, like anchorage foundation, it is necessary to know the stress state of diaphragm wall on time in order to provide basis for decision making for the excavation site. By adopting finite element method, demonstrating the characteristics of its force reversely by using wall deformation and based on the wall deformation data measured in the field, this paper provides strong guarantee for ensuring the safety and reliability of construction.

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44

Rubin, Oleg, Anton Antonov, Sergey Lisichkin, Kirill Frolov, and Andrey Lisichkin. "Grounds for the decision to strengthen reinforced concrete structures after short-term impulse loads, using Alluriquin HPP as an example." Stroitel stvo nauka i obrazovanie [Construction Science and Education], no. 3 (September 30, 2019): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/2305-5502.2019.3.6.

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Introduction. Floorings of the turbine hall and installation sites of the HPP (PSS) are one of the most important reinforced concrete structures, as during operation they are subjected to significant process duties, including those not provided for by the project. Thus, during the testing of crane equipment on the floor surface of the installation site of the Alluriquin HPP under construction, the cargo weighing 22 tons fell, under the influence of which the floor slab was punched, which required a comprehensive study of the condition of the reinforced concrete structure of the floor and the surrounding area of the failure of structures, as well as the development of measures to strengthen the damaged structure. Materials and Methods. Visual and instrumental studies of the stress and strain state (SSS) of the reinforced concrete structure of the turbine hall slab and surrounding structures were carried out with the use of optical devices (MPB-3 reading microscope), Schmidt hammer to determine the strength of concrete structures, as well as the “reinforcement load removal” method to determine the actual stresses in the reinforcement of structures. Results. The punching of the reinforced concrete floor of the installation site with vertical displacements of the edges of through cracks up to 12 mm, as well as the system of cracks formed during the fall of cargo was revealed. The actual stresses in the reinforcement are determined by the “reinforcement load removal” method. On the basis of finite element modeling the actual condition of structures during the period of cargo fall and after the removal of the load is obtained. On the basis of the analysis of results of field and design studies the schematic diagram of strengthening of structures by carbon composite materials is developed. Conclusions. The actual SSS of the reinforced concrete floor of the installation site and its support structures during the period of the cargo fall and after the termination of the impulse load is established. The vertical displacement of the edges of the crack of the floor punching was 17.5 mm during the period of the fall of the load and 12 mm after the removal of the impulse load. Crack opening width in reinforced concrete structures in the cargo drop area reached 2 mm. At the moment when the cargo fell on the floor slab, the values of stresses in the reinforcement cage reached 200 MPa; after the impact — 76.2 MPa. With a view of the subsequent safe operation of the reinforced concrete floor and surrounding structures the basic schemes of their strengthening by external reinforcement on the basis of carbon fiber have been developed, which have been proved by calculation.

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Lee, C., J. F. Bonacci, M. DA Thomas, M. Maalej, S. Khajehpour, N. Hearn, S. Pantazopoulou, and S. Sheikh. "Accelerated corrosion and repair of reinforced concrete columns using carbon fibre reinforced polymer sheets." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 27, no. 5 (October 1, 2000): 941–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l00-030.

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An experimental study on the simulation of corrosion in large-scale reinforced concrete columns and their repair using carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets is presented. Seven columns were subjected to an accelerated corrosion regime, wrapped using CFRP sheets, then tested to structural failure and (or) subjected to further post-repair accelerated corrosion, monitoring, and testing. Accelerated corrosion was achieved by adding sodium chloride to the mixing water, applying a current to the reinforcement cage, and subjecting the specimens to cyclic wetting and drying. Results showed that the CFRP repair greatly improved the strength of the repaired member and retarded the rate of post-repair corrosion. Moreover, subjecting the repaired column to extensive, post-repair corrosion resulted in no loss of strength or stiffness and only a slight reduction in the ductility of the repaired member.Key words: accelerated corrosion, carbon fibre reinforced polymer, composites, corrosion damage, corrosion rate, external confinement, reinforced concrete columns.

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46

Tang, Bin, Ting Wang, and Zi Ning Shan. "The Engineering Accident Analysis of Cast-In Situ Bored Pile." Advanced Materials Research 446-449 (January 2012): 1514–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.446-449.1514.

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Abstract: Cast-in situ bored pile is a common form of pile foundation and widely used in road and bridge engineering in China. Because of complex cast-in situ bored pile construction process, high technical content requirement, vulnerable to the impact of human and environmental factors, cast-in situ bored piles prone to various kinds of quality problems in the construction process, such as drilling deflection, drilling hole collapse and diameter reduction, wrong identification of pile-end’s bearing stratum, catheter tube blockage, reinforcement cage floating, pile breaking, pile silted, etc. These problems often make it difficult to meet the design requirements into a pile formation, and difficultly to remedy. In this paper, Zhoutian Zhenjiang bridge at Shaoguan City, Qujiang to Nanxiong highway A03 contract bid package cast-in situ bored pile foundation engineering encountered in the construction collapsed hole, inclined hole, catheter tube blockage and other issues for example to analyzes the cause of cast-in situ bored pile engineering accident, made appropriate preventive measures and processing method.

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47

Mangushev, Rashid, and Nadezhda Nikitina. "BEARING CAPACITY OF DEEP PILE FOUNDATION FOR HIGH-RISE FACILITY ON WEAK SOILS: COMPARING OF ANALYSIS RESULTS AND EXPERIMENTAL DATA." International Journal for Computational Civil and Structural Engineering 15, no. 1 (March 25, 2019): 90–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.22337/2587-9618-2019-15-1-90-97.

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The results of static testing of the pile and comparative results of analytical and numerical calculations for the experimental deep pile (length 65 m, diameter 1.2 m) under the high-rise building, designed in the area of a large thickness of weak soils, are presented in the paper. At the same construction site, an experimental barrette pile of rectangular crosssection with a size of 3.3 x 1.1 and a length of 65 m with the location of the base in solid Proterozoic clays was made. This pile was tested with the use of Osterberg cells, for which strain gauges were mounted in its reinforcement cage at 9 levels. In the first stage, a standard test of the entire experimental barrette pile in the top-down direction was conducted; in the second, after reaching the maximum possible load, the tests were carried out using the “O-cells” located at a depth of 50 m in the thickness of solid clays and transmitting the load in two directions (up and down). A General assessment of the bearing capacity of the barrette pile obtained by three methods is given.

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Oh, Jae Yuel, Deuck Hang Lee, Jungmin Lee, Kang Su Kim, and Sung-Bae Kim. "Experimental Study on Reinforced Concrete Column Incased in Prefabricated Permanent Thin-Walled Steel Form." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3806549.

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Conventional construction methods of reinforced concrete (RC) structures generally require a long construction period and high costs due to many on-site temporary form works. In this study, a prefabricated permanent thin-walled steel form integrated with reinforcement cage (PPSFRC) was developed, and it makes for a fast-built construction by reducing the temporary form works. Axial compression tests were conducted on a total of 9 test specimens to investigate the structural performances of the newly developed columns. The proposed column construction method utilized relatively thinner steel plates compared to conventional concrete-filled tube (CFT) columns, but it was designed to have sufficient resistance performances against the lateral pressure of fresh concrete and to prevent the buckling of the thin plates by utilizing the steel angles and channel stiffeners prefabricated in the permanent thin-walled steel form. The experimental results showed that the column specimens fabricated by the PPSFRC method had better local buckling resistance and behaved in a more ductile manner compared to the conventional CFT columns. In addition, the axial strengths of the test specimens were compared with those estimated by design provisions, and the flexural moments induced by initial imperfection or accidental eccentricity of axial loads were also discussed in detail.

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Moncarz, Piotr, and Cliff Bishop. "Anatomy of Failures: Stability Requirements in All Stages of Operations." MATEC Web of Conferences 284 (2019): 09004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201928409004.

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The paper provides examples of how temporary conditions experienced during construction, retrofit, or repair can bring an otherwise robust structure to failure. The KTVO Tower near Kirksville, Missouri, USA, guyed by seven tiers of guy cables, stood 610 m tall, until it suddenly collapsed on June 2, 1988. The collapse occurred during the replacement of potentially defective braces. The Tower had been subject to severe weather conditions, as well as having previously lost some braces; and yet, the experienced repair company brought it down through altered brace replacement employed by the repair crew. How did it happen? This paper goes through all the stages of this tragic event; from the failure scene back through failure analysis to the design, manufacturing, material supplies, and fatally altered repair procedure. This paper also provides an example of reinforced concrete structures which are erected with the steel reinforcement delivered to their final position as a multi-story cage lifted in-place by crane and acting as temporary independent structures. Their stability relies on proper bracing and restraint. What if some of the bracing becomes an obstacle to some activities? The paper concludes with best practices for involving a licensed professional at all stages of construction or repair in order to help prevent future collapses.

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Lee, Harrison Sunjoon, Elisa Giunti, Valentina Sabino, and Pietro Cottone. "Consummatory, Feeding Microstructural, and Metabolic Effects Induced by Limiting Access to Either a High-Sucrose or a High-Fat Diet." Nutrients 12, no. 6 (May 30, 2020): 1610. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12061610.

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Background: Binge eating disorder (BED) is characterized by recurrent binge eating episodes consisting of rapid consumption of excessive amounts of highly palatable, energy-dense food within discrete periods of time. The aim of this study was to test the consummatory, food microstructural, and metabolic effects of a one hour limited access to either a high-sucrose diet (HSD) or a high-fat diet (HFD) in an operant rat model of binge-like eating. Methods: Female rats were subject to a binge-like eating procedure in which a HSD, a HFD, or a standard chow diet were provided in a fixed ratio 1 (FR1) operant schedule of reinforcement. Results: Limiting access to either a HSD or a HFD promoted binge-like eating as compared to the control chow diet. However, binge-like eating of HSD, but not HFD, was based on a true increase in the amount of food consumed, an increased eating rate, and a decrease in the intake of the home-cage standard chow, altogether suggesting an increase in palatability. Moreover, while HSD rats consumed overall less energy than HFD rats, the former were more energy efficient and gained more body weight than the latter. Conclusions: These results provide information on how the quality of food can deeply influence the behavioral and metabolic outcomes of binge-like eating.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Reinforcement cage'

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