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Journal articles on the topic 'Reinforcement-masonry interface'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 March 2023

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1

Mehendale, Shashank Vasudeo, Abhay Namdev Bambole, and S. Raghunath. "Development of pseudo interface element for modelling of reinforced brick masonry." Revista ALCONPAT 7, no. 1 (2017): 73–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.21041/ra.v7i1.147.

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Development of pseudo interface element for modelling of reinforced brick masonryABSTRACTStrength of reinforced masonry is influenced by interfaces between brick, mortar and reinforcement. Experimental protocol has been defined to characterise the behaviour of reinforced brick masonry joint, with reinforcement steel embedded in cement mortar 1:6. This is applicable for low-strength, low-stiffness brick masonry found. Experimental investigations show that bond between masonry and steel is not perfect. Considering critical bond mechanisms, an attempt is made to put-forth a novel approach for dev

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2

Jing, Meng, and Werasak Raongjant. "Durability Test on the Bond Strength between SFRP Layer and Masonry Surface." Materials Science Forum 976 (January 2020): 165–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.976.165.

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The mechanical properties of masonry structural members strengthened by FRP (Fiber Reinforced Polymer) are affected by the bond strength of the reinforcement interface, in addition to the strength of the material FRP itself. This project is aimed at the new technology of Sprayed Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites (SFRP), which is currently attracting attention. The bond strength between SFRP layer and masonry surface under high-humidity condition during strengthening construction and dry-wet cycle conditions after reinforcement were studied by experimental method. Different masonry substrates

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3

Leone, Marianovella, Margherita Stefania Sciolti, Francesco Micelli, and Maria Antonietta Aiello. "The Interface Behavior between External FRP Reinforcement and Masonry." Key Engineering Materials 624 (September 2014): 178–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.624.178.

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The need to guarantee higher safety levels of masonry structures under both short and long term conditions, have led to the use of new materials and technologies, in conjunction or in place of traditional ones. In this context, fiber-reinforced composite materials have gained an increasing success, mostly for strengthening, retrofitting and repair existing structures. As well known, the analysis of the interface performance of FRP (Fiber Reinforced Polymer) composites and masonry substrate is a critical problem as it influences the effectiveness of the technique. The present paper reports part

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4

Silva, D. S., and E. G. P. Antunes. "Analysis of different interface treatments between masonry of AAC blocks and reinforced concrete structure after uniaxial compression strength test." Materiales de Construcción 71, no. 343 (2021): e252. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/mc.2021.09920.

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Autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) masonry is widely used in civil construction but requires further investigation. Hence, this experimental study evaluated three types of interface treatment between the reinforced concrete structure and AAC masonry, in scale, after a uniaxial compression resistance test. The types of interface treatment considered are reinforcement with steel bars, with rough polymeric cementitious mortar, and without treatment. The maximum load capacity, displacements, and occurrence of cracks were analysed. The results showed that the maximum individual load capacity did not

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Gulinelli, Pietro, Alessandra Aprile, Raffaella Rizzoni, et al. "A Fe Model for TRM Reinforced Masonry Walls with Interface Effects." Key Engineering Materials 817 (August 2019): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.817.57.

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We report on experimental and numerical investigations of textile reinforced mortar (TRM) strengthening systems, an innovative solution for reinforcing historical masonry structures. The experimental campaign presented in this paper is original and concerns two commercial TRM applications to single-leaf clay masonry panels. The proposed FE modelling is based on a multiscale approach with the possibility of simulating bed joints sliding and TRM-reinforcement debonding. This last phenomenon is frequently reported in the experimental literature and it has been observed also in our experimental te

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Corinaldesi, Valeria, Jacopo Donnini, and Giorgia Mazzoni. "Experimental Study of Adhesion between FRCM and Masonry Support." Key Engineering Materials 624 (September 2014): 189–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.624.189.

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The use of composites with cement matrix seems to acquire an increasing interest in applications to masonry structures, due to their low impact, and a deeper understanding of the mechanical interaction between support and reinforcement is certainly necessary. The effectiveness of these interventions strongly depends on the bond between strengthening material and masonry, on the fibers/matrix interface, as well as on the mechanical properties of the masonry substrate [1]. In this work the attention was focused on the possible improvement of the bond between FRCM and masonry by means of an inorg

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Izquierdo, O. S., M. R. S. Corrêa, and I. I. Soto. "Study of the block/grout interface in concrete and clay block masonry structures." Revista IBRACON de Estruturas e Materiais 10, no. 4 (2017): 924–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1983-41952017000400009.

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ABSTRACT This work aims to study the behavior of the block/grout interface for concrete and clay block masonry. This was achieved by push-out and pull-out experimental tests including reinforcement bar in the latter one. The experimental result showed that there is a good bond between the concrete blocks internal faces and the grout, enough to prevent infill-slippage, and that the whole tensile strength of the usual reinforcement bars is achieved provided they are properly anchored. Nevertheless, for clay blocks there is a low bond between the clay blocks internal faces and the grout, allowing

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Bruggi, Matteo, and Alberto Taliercio. "Topology Optimization of the Fiber-Reinforcement of No-Tension Masonry Walls." Key Engineering Materials 747 (July 2017): 36–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.747.36.

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An innovative approach is proposed to define the optimal fiber-reinforcement of in-plane loaded masonry walls, modeled as linear elastic no-tension (NT) bodies. A topology optimization formulation is presented, which aims at distributing a prescribed amount of reinforcement over the wall, so as to minimize the overall elastic energy of the strengthened element. Perfect bonding is assumed at the wall-reinforcement interface. To account for the negligible tensile strength of brickwork, the material is replaced by an equivalent orthotropic material with negligible stiffness along the direction (s

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Hernoune, Houria, Benchaa Benabed, Antonios Kanellopoulos, Alaa Hussein Al-Zuhairi, and Abdelhamid Guettala. "Experimental and Numerical Study of Behaviour of Reinforced Masonry Walls with NSM CFRP Strips Subjected to Combined Loads." Buildings 10, no. 6 (2020): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings10060103.

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Near surface mounted (NSM) carbon fibers reinforced polymer (CFRP) reinforcement is one of the techniques for reinforcing masonry structures and is considered to provide significant advantages. This paper is composed of two parts. The first part presents the experimental study of brick masonry walls reinforced with NSM CFRP strips under combined shear-compression loads. Masonry walls have been tested under vertical compression, with different bed joint orientations 90° and 45° relative to the loading direction. Different reinforcement orientations were used including vertical, horizontal, and

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Borri, Anatonio, Giulio Castori, and Marco Corradi. "Design Criteria for Masonry Reinforcement with Composite Reinforced Mortars (CRM)." Key Engineering Materials 916 (April 7, 2022): 498–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-k031gd.

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There is an emerging need to upgrade historic masonry buildings and infrastructures which are most vulnerable to earthquakes. An objective of a long-term research program at Perugia University, Italy was developing design criteria for masonry reinforcement using a new class of materials, using Composite Reinforced Mortars (CRM). These are typically made of fiberglass meshes embedded into a cementitious or lime mortar, which offers higher sustainability features, in terms of vapour permeability and compatibility with masonry, lower costs, and better performance at high temperatures, compared to

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Maroušková, Aneta. "Masonry Column Reinforced by FRP Wrapping: Behavior and Numerical Analysis." Applied Mechanics and Materials 825 (February 2016): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.825.27.

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A numerical analysis for masonry columns is presented in this paper. The behavior and character of deformation of compressed unreinforced masonry columns is investigated and compared with the deformation of masonry columns reinforced by FRP wrapping. The experimental program is part of a research project NAKI [1]. Both, the bricks and the mortar are modeled as 3D continuum and to the interface between these two materials a non-linear contact law is assigned. The contact between reinforcement and masonry support is considered as perfectly-adherent. Two different cases are simulated - the ratio

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Maroušková, Aneta. "Reinforced Masonry Column’s Analysis: The Influence of Rounded Corners." Advanced Materials Research 1144 (March 2017): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1144.34.

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Numerical analysis of masonry structures is a complex task requiring deep knowledges about the problematics. This paper deals with concentrically compressed brick masonry column reinforced by fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) wrapping. The experimental research across the world has proved that FRP external sheets are an efficient tool for stabilization or strengthening of masonry structures. A combination of several types of column’s failure were observed during the experimental testing – failure in masonry, rupture of FRP sheet or failure at interface between reinforcement and masonry support. T

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Bertolli, Veronica, and Tommaso D'Antino. "Calibration of a Rigid-Trilinear Cohesive Material Law to Describe the Matrix-Fiber Bond Behavior in FRCM Composites." Key Engineering Materials 916 (April 7, 2022): 393–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-z1kd07.

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Fiber-reinforced cementitious matrix (FRCM) composites have been increasingly adopted as externally bonded reinforcement (EBR) of existing concrete and masonry members. Being debonding at the matrix-fiber interface one of the most frequent failure mechanisms of externally bonded FRCM, the matrix-fiber bond behavior represents a fundamental aspect for the effectiveness of the external reinforcement. A cohesive material law (CML) that describes the interface where debonding occurs can be used to model the bond behavior observed. In this paper, a rigid-trilinear CML is used to solve the different

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14

Tamborrino, Ottavio, Daniele Perrone, Marianovella Leone, and Maria Antonietta Aiello. "Experimental Study on the Fiber-Matrix Interface Behavior of FRCM/CRM Reinforcement Systems." Key Engineering Materials 916 (April 7, 2022): 409–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-0484vd.

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Masonry existing buildings are subjected to significant structural damages when seismic events occur. Over the last decades, innovative techniques like composite materials based on inorganic mortar (FRCM – Fiber Reinforced Cementitious Matrices) have emerged as attractive solutions for the strengthening of civil structures. FRCM shows better compatibility with masonry substrates with respect to Fiber Reinforced Polymers. The effectiveness of FRCM reinforcement systems relies on the composite-substrate bond behavior which is affected by many parameters, leading to different failure mechanisms.

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15

Bertolesi, Elisa, Mario Fagone, Ernesto Grande, Gabriele Milani, and Tommaso Rotunno. "Advanced and Simplified Modeling Approaches for the Study of the Bond Behavior of FRP Systems on Curved Masonry Substrates." Key Engineering Materials 916 (April 7, 2022): 172–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-f711n5.

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Curved masonry structures externally strengthened by Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) systems exhibits failure mechanisms that emphasize a local bond behavior particularly influenced by the curved geometry of the substrate and the position of the strengthening (i.e. at the intrados or extrados). Indeed, together with tangential stresses, normal stresses in tension or compression also arise by leading to a combined mode I–mode II behavior of strengthening system at the reinforcement/masonry interface level. In recent studies, the Authors proposed different modeling approaches for FRPs applied to

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16

Maroušková, Aneta. "Non-Linear Numerical Analysis of Unreinforced Masonry Column and Masonry Column Reinforced by FRP Wrapping." Applied Mechanics and Materials 827 (February 2016): 279–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.827.279.

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A numerical model for unreinforced masonry columns and masonry columns reinforced by FRP wrapping is presented in this paper. Both, the bricks and the mortar are modeled as 3D continuum and to the interface between these two materials a non-linear contact law is assigned. The accurate 3D modeling of masonry units and mortar joints within the numerical model leads to high computational cost, but on the other hand, an appropriate analysis tool delivering detailed information about the behavior of masonry columns is obtained. A concrete damaged plasticity model was adopted for mortar and brick. E

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17

Pantò, Bartolomeo, Marialaura Malena, and Gianmarco de Felice. "Non-Linear Modeling of Masonry Arches Strengthened with FRCM." Key Engineering Materials 747 (July 2017): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.747.93.

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Recent seismic events, such as the Central Italy (2016), the Emilia (2012) and L’Aquila (2009) earthquake, have demonstrated the high vulnerability of cultural heritage represented by historical and monumental buildings. These structures are often characterized by the presence of elements with a curved geometry such as arches and vaults, which interact with the vertical elements (walls or columns) during the earthquake motion, producing a significant effect on the seismic response of the entire structure. Aiming at the reduction of the seismic vulnerability of curved masonry elements, several

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18

Hatami, Kianoosh, Jaime E. Granados, Danial Esmaili, and Gerald A. Miller. "Reinforcement Pullout Capacity in Mechanically Stabilized Earth Walls with Marginal-Quality Soils." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2363, no. 1 (2013): 66–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2363-08.

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Pullout capacity of geotextile reinforcement is an important consideration in the analysis of internal stability of reinforced soil structures, especially those constructed with marginal soils. Precipitation, ground water infiltration, and seasonal variations of water content during the construction process or service life of the structure could result in significant reductions in the matric suction and lead to a reduction in the strength of the soil–geotextile interface. Consequently, the reinforced soil structure may experience unacceptable deformations or even failure during its constructio

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19

Jasiński, Radosław. "NUMERICAL ANALISIS OF THE STRAINS AND STRESS STATES REINFORCED CLAY BRICK MASONRY WALLS HORIZONTALLY SHEARED." International Journal of Engineering Technologies and Management Research 5, no. 8 (2020): 20–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/ijetmr.v5.i8.2018.277.

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This paper presents the results: stress and strain of bed joints mortar, masonry units, reinforcement bars and mechanism of cracking of numerical simulations using ANSYS of reinforced brick wall in the horizontal shear. Willam-Warnke (WW-5) failure criterion for mortar and bricks and Huber-Mises-Hencky (HMH) plasticity surface for bed joints steel reinforcement (steel smooth bars and truss type reinforcement) has been used. Coulomb-Mohr (CM) criterion in the contact surfaces of mortar and bricks have been used in the interface elements. Numerical calculations showed satisfactory convergence of

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20

Yuan, Yu, and Gabriele Milani. "A Simple and Low-Cost Numerical Model for FRP-Masonry Interface Behavior." Key Engineering Materials 916 (April 7, 2022): 163–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-h8cv80.

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In recent years, strengthening with Fiber Reinforced Polymers (FRPs) has emerged as an effective way for the structural upgrading of masonry elements. In such typology of external reinforcement, the bond quality is crucial for the increase of the load bearing capacity. The bond efficacy beyond the elastic limit can be studied analytically or numerically via several different models, where the most important issue to tackle is the reproduction of the typical brittle behavior of the substrate. In this paper, a simple numerical approach which models FRP as elastic and lumps all non-linearity on t

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21

Hernoune, Houria, Benchaa Benabed, Rajab Abousnina, Abdalrahman Alajmi, Abdullah M. GH Alfadhili, and Abdullah Shalwan. "Experimental Research and Numerical Analysis of CFRP Retrofitted Masonry Triplets under Shear Loading." Polymers 14, no. 18 (2022): 3707. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14183707.

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This paper presents an experimental and numerical study into the shear response of brick masonry triplet prisms under different levels of precompression, as well as samples reinforced with carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) strips. Masonry triplets were constructed with two different mortar mix ratios (1:1:3 and 1:1:5). In this study, finite element models for the analysis of shear triplets are developed using detailed micro-modelling (DMM) approach and validated with the experimental data. The failure mechanisms observed in the masonry triplets were simulated using a coupled XFEM-cohesive

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22

Al-Lami, Karrar, Angelo Savio Calabrese, Pierluigi Colombi, and Tommaso D’Antino. "Effect of Wet-Dry Cycles on the Bond Behavior of Fiber-Reinforced Inorganic-Matrix Systems Bonded to Masonry Substrates." Materials 14, no. 20 (2021): 6171. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14206171.

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In recent years, inorganic-matrix reinforcement systems, such as fiber-reinforced cementitious matrix (FRCM), composite-reinforced mortars (CRM), and steel-reinforced grout (SRG), have been increasingly used to retrofit and strengthen existing masonry and concrete structures. Despite their good short-term properties, limited information is available on their long-term behavior. In this paper, the long-term bond behavior of some FRCM, CRM, and SRG systems bonded to masonry substrates is investigated. Namely, the results of single-lap direct shear tests of FRCM-, CRM-, and SRG-masonry joints sub

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Verre, Salvatore, Alessio Cascardi, Maria Antonietta Aiello, and Luciano Ombres. "Numerical Modelling of FRCMs Confined Masonry Column." Key Engineering Materials 817 (August 2019): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.817.9.

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The Fabric Reinforced Cementitious Matrices (FRCMs) are promising strengthening solution for existing masonry since the inorganic matrix is considerably compatible with historical substrates. Nevertheless, the matrix is responsible for the stress-transfer in composites so, in case of poor-quality mortar, the effectiveness of the strengthening can be limited or even compromised. For this reason, a few studies have been targeted to this aspect in the recent past, while numerical investigations are still limited. The present paper refers to a Finite Element (FE) analysis of masonry columns confin

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Leone, Marianovella, and Maria Antonietta Aiello. "Bond Tests on Clay Bricks and Natural Stone Masonry Externally Bonded with FRP." Materials 14, no. 23 (2021): 7439. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14237439.

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Nowadays, the solution of durability problems of existing buildings has a key role in civil engineering, in which there is an ever-increasing need for building restorations. Over the past 50 years, there is a growing interest in a new composite material, fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP), suitable for increasing the resistance and the stability of existing buildings and, consequently, for extending their service life. In this context, the effectiveness of the strengthening system is related to the bond behaviour that is influenced by several parameters such as bond length, the stiffness of the re

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Hou, Wei, Xinghua Dai, Zheyu Yang, et al. "Seismic Behavior of Stone Masonry Joints with ECC as a Filling Material." Materials 14, no. 21 (2021): 6671. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14216671.

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This paper investigates the seismic behavior of novel stone masonry joints using ductile engineered cementitious composite (ECC) as a substitute for ordinary mortar. Ten stone masonry joints with different types of mortar/ECC were tested under axial and cyclic loads. The filling materials of mortar joints tested included ordinary mortar, polymer mortar, ECC, and composite mortar with two combination proportions of ECC and ordinary mortar. The test results indicated that ECC specimens exhibited a more stable hysteretic response as well as an improvement in strength, deformation, energy dissipat

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Donnini, Jacopo, Giovanni Lancioni, Tiziano Bellezze, and Valeria Corinaldesi. "Bond Behavior of FRCM Carbon Yarns Embedded in a Cementitious Matrix: Experimental and Numerical Results." Key Engineering Materials 747 (July 2017): 305–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.747.305.

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The use of inorganic cement based composite systems, known as Fiber Reinforced Cementitious Matrix (FRCM), is a very promising technique for retrofitting and strengthening the existing masonry or concrete structures. The effectiveness of FRCM systems is strongly related to the interface bond between inorganic matrix and fabric reinforcement, and, since the major weakness is often located on this interface, the study of stress-transfer mechanisms between fibers and matrix becomes of fundamental importance.FRCM are usually reinforced with uni-directional or bi-directional fabrics consisting of m

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27

Baraldi, Daniele, Giosuè Boscato, Antonella Cecchi, and Claudia Brito de Carvalho Bello. "An Updated Discrete Element Model for the In-Plane Behaviour of NFRCM Strengthened Masonry Walls." Key Engineering Materials 916 (April 7, 2022): 249–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-1853qe.

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Abstract. Masonry strengthened with natural fabric-reinforced cementitious matrix (NFRCM-strengthened masonry) is investigated by updating an existing discrete element model. Masonry walls are modelled by rigid blocks and elastoplastic interfaces that are able to account for mortar joints and block cracking. The reinforcement is modelled in a simplified manner considering perfect adhesion between wall and reinforcement and by adopting further spring elements connecting block centres. The model is validated by comparing it with an existing FEM based on a multi-step homogenization, where reinfor

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28

Baraldi, Daniele, Giosuè Boscato, Claudia Brito de Carvalho Bello, Antonella Cecchi, and Emanuele Reccia. "Discrete and Finite Element Models for the Analysis of Unreinforced and Partially Reinforced Masonry Arches." Key Engineering Materials 817 (August 2019): 229–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.817.229.

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In this work the behavior of masonry arches, without reinforcement and with partial reinforcement, is investigated by means of three different numerical models. The first one is a Discrete Element model based on rigid blocks, and elastic-plastic interfaces; the second one is a standard heterogeneous Finite Element Model, which is adopted for a detailed micro-modelling of arch voussoirs, joints, and reinforcements. The third model is analytic-numerical, and it is adopted for validating the other numerical results. The aim of the work is the comparison and validation of the numerical Finite and

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29

Chiozzi, Andrea, Gabriele Milani, Nicola Grillanda, and Antonio Tralli. "Fast and Reliable Limit Analysis Approach for the Structural Assessment of FRP-Reinforced Masonry Arches." Key Engineering Materials 747 (July 2017): 196–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.747.196.

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This contribution is devoted to assess the capability of a new upper-bound approach for the limit analysis of FRP-reinforced masonry arches by comparing it to both experimental tests and a number of existing numerical procedures. The approach is based on an idea previously presented by the Authors and relies on the representation of the geometry of both the arch and of FRP reinforcement through Non Uniform Rational B-Spline (NURBS) functions. This allows generating a rigid body assembly starting from the assigned geometry composed by very few elements which still provide an exact representatio

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Hong, Sung Gul, and Woo Young Lim. "Flexural and Shear Strength of Granite Reinforced by Metal Rods." Advanced Materials Research 133-134 (October 2010): 417–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.133-134.417.

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This paper investigates feasibility of reinforcement method for fractured granite of slab type and beam members used as components of old stone masonry pagodas. Investigation of the effect of reinforcement to flexural and shear strength is performed using the concept for the high strength concrete since the mechanical properties of granite are similar to properties of high strength of concrete. In this experimental program two types of notched specimens are intended for failures with shear and flexural cracks. Intended fractured specimens are reinforced by metal rods, so called pinning method.

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Anggreni, Made Yani, I. K. Sudarsana, and M. Sukrawa. "PERILAKU TEKAN DAN LENTUR DINDING PASANGAN BATAKO TANPA PLESTERAN, DENGAN PLESTERAN DAN DENGAN PERKUATAN WIREMESH." Jurnal Spektran, July 2, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/spektran.2015.v03.i02.p02.

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Concrete blocks are one of the common materials used in construction practice because they are quite easy to get and the price is relatively cheap. Masonry (either concrete blocks or bricks) is a structure consisting of a binding material (mortar) and a filler material (such as concrete blocks). In general, masonry is very good at resisting gravity loads, but not quite good at resisting shear loads such as loads generated by earthquakes, so it requires reinforcement in the form of plaster and additional wire mesh in the plaster of the masonry. Due to several problems of the masonry frame struc

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32

Izquierdo, Orieta Soto, Márcio Roberto Silva Corrêa, Indara Soto Izquierdo, and Iván Gómez Araújo. "Numerical and parametric study of the yield stress limits of reinforcement bars in clay block masonry structures." Revista IBRACON de Estruturas e Materiais 14, no. 6 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1983-41952021000600011.

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abstract: The Brazilian Standard Structural Masonry considers for the maximum tensile stress (fs) of the reinforcements embedded in the grout in clay blocks with smooth surfaces several limits of the yield stress for the reinforcement (fyk). This work aims to analyze the limits of the yield stress of reinforcement bars in clay block masonry structures by numerical and parametric analysis in push-out and pull-out tests, varying the type of grout and reinforcement diameter. A numerical study was performed using a 3D-model with the DIANA® software based on the Finite Element Method. The parametri

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Soti, Rajendra, Andre R. Barbosa, and Andreas Stavridis. "Numerical Assessment of URM Infilled RC Frames Retrofitted With Near-Surface Mounted Reinforcing Steel Bars." Frontiers in Built Environment 6 (November 27, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbuil.2020.590302.

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This paper presents a study on a retrofit technique for masonry infilled reinforced concrete (RC) frames. The proposed retrofit technique involves the addition of reinforcing steel bars into epoxy-filled pre-cut grooves on the surface of infill walls. The feasibility of the developed technique is initially investigated experimentally through pull-out tests conducted on near-surface mounted (NSM) reinforcing steel bars. The experimental results are used to augment an existing nonlinear finite element modeling approach used to simulate the response of RC frames with the retrofitted infill panels

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