Relevant bibliographies by topics / Reinforcement method

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Reinforcement method'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 8 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Reinforcement method"

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Chakraborty, Montosh, Shivakrishna Gouroju, Pinki Garg, and Karthikeyan P. "PBL: An Effective Method Of Reinforcement Learning." International Journal of Integrative Medical Sciences 2, no. 6 (2015): 134–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijims.2015.119.

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Brodnan, Miroslav, Peter Koteš, Jan Vanerek, and Rostislav Drochytka. "Corrosion determination of reinforcement using the electrical resistance method." Materiali in tehnologije 51, no. 1 (2017): 85–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.17222/mit.2015.217.

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Milajić, Aleksandar. "Quantitative method for evaluating applicability of designed reinforcement pattern." Tehnicki vjesnik - Technical Gazette 22, no. 1 (2015): 119–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17559/tv-20140210121432.

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Kang, Ji-Heon, Jae-Wook Lee, Jae-Hong Kim, Tae-Min Ahn, and Dae-Cheol Ko. "Design of Center Pillar with Composite Reinforcements Using Hybrid Molding Method." Materials 14, no. 8 (2021): 2047. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14082047.

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Recently, with the increase in awareness about a clean environment worldwide, fuel efficiency standards are being strengthened in accordance with exhaust gas regulations. In the automotive industry, various studies are ongoing on vehicle body weight reduction to improve fuel efficiency. This study aims to reduce vehicle weight by replacing the existing steel reinforcements in an automobile center pillar with a composite reinforcement. Composite materials are suitable for weight reduction because of their higher specific strength and stiffness compared to existing steel materials; however, one of the disadvantages is their high material cost. Therefore, a hybrid molding method that simultaneously performs compression and injection was proposed to reduce both process time and production cost. To replace existing steel reinforcements with composite materials, various reinforcement shapes were designed using a carbon fiber-reinforced plastic patch and glass fiber-reinforced plastic ribs. Structural analyses confirmed that, using these composite reinforcements, the same or a higher specific stiffness was achieved compared to the that of an existing center pillar using steel reinforcements. The composite reinforcements resulted in a 67.37% weight reduction compared to the steel reinforcements. In addition, a hybrid mold was designed and manufactured to implement the hybrid process.
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Park, Kyungho, Daehyeon Kim, Jongbeom Park, and Hyunho Na. "The Determination of Pullout Parameters for Sand with a Geogrid." Applied Sciences 11, no. 1 (2020): 355. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11010355.

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The concept of designing mechanically stabilized earth (MSE) walls is divided into internal and external stability review methods, and one of the design factors required in internal stability analysis is the frictional characteristics between soil and geogrids for civil engineering applications. Typical methods for evaluating the frictional characteristics between soil and geogrids include the direct shear test and pullout test. It is desirable to apply the pullout test to geogrid reinforcements for pulling out geogrids embedded in soil, to measure both the surface-frictional force and passive resistance at the same time. Pullout parameters can be significantly affected by confining the stress and tensile strength of reinforcements. In general, the pullout parameters tend to be overestimated for low confining stresses in the pullout test, and underestimated for high confining stresses. Therefore, to address these issues, this study aims to evaluate the influence of the confining stress and the tensile strength of a geogrid reinforcement in the pullout test, and to propose a reasonable method for obtaining practical pullout parameters. Based on the pullout tests, the maximum pullout force depending on the tensile strength of the geogrid reinforcement was measured for one-third of the reinforcement tensile strength, and it was ruptured when pullout force greater than the maximum pullout force was exerted. Furthermore, it was observed that, in the reinforcement pullout test, pullout force was measured in the whole area of the reinforcement at a confining stress smaller than one-half of the tensile strength of the grid. As a result, the effective confining stress method considering only the confining stress at which the reinforcement is fully pulled out to develop the pullout characteristics can be a practical method for obtaining pullout parameters without regard to the reinforcement tensile strength.
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Wang, Xiao Ling, Zhong Jun Yin, and Chao Zhang. "The Mechanical Analysis of the Composite Reinforced Circular Saw Blade." Advanced Materials Research 228-229 (April 2011): 484–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.228-229.484.

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Thinner saw blades cannot resist large lateral cutting forces due to their lower stiffness. In this paper we propose a composite reinforcement method to improve the mechanical properties of circular saw blades. We analyze and simulate the stress and strain fields of our proposed reinforced circular saws by Finite element method. Our analytical results contain not only influences of reinforcing parameters but also loading conditions on the lateral stiffness and the natural frequency of composite saw blades. Here the reinforcing parameters include: 1) the reinforcement location on circular saw blades, 2) the volume fraction of the reinforcements, 3) the number of the reinforcements; and loading conditions include: 1) the cutting force, 2) the rotational speed. Our composite reinforcement model and simulation results can contribute to a better design of circular saw blades.
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Li, Jun Hong. "The Concrete Structure Strengthen Technology and Engineering Application." Advanced Materials Research 194-196 (February 2011): 835–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.194-196.835.

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In this paper, the background of concrete structure strengthen is described, and several common methods of strengthening concrete structure in current construction are introduced. Also the advantages and disadvantages application of reinforcement methods are discussed. so as to valuable experiences for strengthening reinforced concrete structures are accumulate. Both the advantages and disadvantages of the reinforcement methods are described in detail. For example, the increasing cross-section reinforcement method, the replacing concrete reinforcement method, the bonding steel reinforcement method, the pasting steel reinforcement method, the pasting fiber reinforced plastic reinforcement method and so on. And so many accumulated experiences are provided for later strengthening reinforced concrete structure, and the process of strengthening concrete structure is improved.
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Da, Bo, Hongfa Yu, Haiyan Ma, and Zhangyu Wu. "Reinforcement corrosion research based on the linear polarization resistance method for coral aggregate seawater concrete in a marine environment." Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials 65, no. 5 (2018): 458–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/acmm-03-2018-1911.

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Purpose This paper aims to reduce the cost, limit the time and increase raw material source availability, coral aggregate seawater concrete (CASC) composed of coral, coral sand, seawater and cement can be widely used for the construction of ports, levees, airports and roads to achieve practical engineering values. However, the naturally porous coral structure and abundant Cl− in the seawater and coral lead to extremely severe reinforcement corrosion for CASC. It is well known that Cl− is the main cause of reinforcement corrosion in the marine environment. Therefore, it is necessary to research the reinforcement corrosion of CASC in the marine environment. Design/methodology/approach In this study, linear polarization resistance was adopted to test the linear polarization curves of reinforcement in CASC with different exposure times. Ecorr, Rp, Icorr and Vcorr were calculated according to the weak electrochemical polarization theory and Stern–Geary formula. The effects of concrete cover thickness, exposure time, reinforcement types and inhibitor on reinforcement corrosion in CASC were analysed. The reinforcement corrosion degradation rule was determined, which provided theoretical support for the durability improvement, security assessment, service life prediction and service quality control of CASC structures in marine islands and reef engineering. Findings The corrosion resistance was enhanced with increased concrete cover thickness, and the concrete cover thickness for organic new coated steel should be at least 5.5 cm to reduce the reinforcement corrosion risks in CASC structures. The corrosion resistance of different types of reinforcements followed the rule: 2205 duplex stainless steel > 316 stainless steel > organic new coated steel > zinc-chromium coated steel > common steel. In the early exposure stage, the anti-corrosion effectiveness of the calcium nitrate inhibitor (CN) was superior to that for the amino alcohol inhibitor (AA). With the extension of exposure time, the decreasing rate of anticorrosion effectiveness of CN was higher than that of AA. Originality/value Reinforcement corrosion of CASC in a marine environment was studied. Concrete cover thickness, exposure time, reinforcement type and inhibitor influenced the reinforcement corrosion were investigated. New technique of reinforcement anti-corrosion in marine engineering was proposed. Possible applications of CASC in marine engineering structures were suggested.
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Vlach, Tomáš, Magdaléna Novotná, Ctislav Fiala, Lenka Laiblová, and Petr Hájek. "Cohesion of Composite Reinforcement Produced from Rovings with High Performance Concrete." Applied Mechanics and Materials 732 (February 2015): 397–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.732.397.

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The reinforcement of concrete with composite technical textile creates a tensile load-bearing capacity. It allows the elimination of steel reinforcement and minimisation of concrete cover. Based on this, the concrete cover is designed with respect to the cohesion of reinforcement with concrete. By using of textile reinforcement very thin structures could be created. The aim of this paper was to determine the interaction conditions of carbon and basalt composite reinforcement in a matrix of epoxy resin with high performance concrete (HPC). The tensile strength of used composite reinforcement and the other mechanical parameters of HPC were determined by experimental tests. Experiments copied the production method of technical textiles. These two combinations of materials present the influence on the design of the structures with textile reinforcements.
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Umesako, Kosuke, Masanao Obayashi, and Kunikazu Kobayashi. "Reinforcement Learning Using Adaptive Search Method." IEEJ Transactions on Electronics, Information and Systems 122, no. 3 (2002): 374–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss1987.122.3_374.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Reinforcement method"

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Isernia, Lindsay Taylor. "Impact of Training Method on Behavioral, Physiological, and Relationship Measures in Horses." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/101781.

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With a rise in concern for animal welfare, the equine world has started using positive reinforcement (R+); as such, horses often experience a combination of negative reinforcement (R-) and R+. I compared the effects of R- to a combination of positive and negative reinforcement (R-/R+) training. Horses were trained to walk across two visually discriminable liverpools (striped, Experiment 1; colored water, Experiment 2), each associated with either R- or R-/R+, and training type alternating across six days. I measured highest training criteria reached, prevalence of undesirable behaviors, salivary cortisol (pre- and post-training), time spent by the trainer in motionless human tests (pre- and post-training), and horses' preference for the two liverpools using concurrent choice. Across both experiments, I found no significant difference in the proportions of criteria reached between training types; horses engaged in mugging for longer periods of time in R-/R+ than R-; no significant difference between training types for the pre- to post-change of cortisol; a greater proportion of horses increased time spent with R-/R+ trainer than the R- trainer; and no difference between first choice in the preference test or time horses spent in proximity to the liverpool, based on the training type with which the liverpool was associated. Overall, I found few differences between R-/R+ and R-, which could be due to horses only having 30 min total training contact with either training, or my use of relatively low intensities of R- and R+.<br>Master of Science<br>The equine world has started using positive reinforcement (R+), such as providing treats. Often horses experience a combination of negative reinforcement (R-) and R+, such as having rein pressure released and being given a treat. I compared effects of R- to a combination of positive and negative reinforcement (R-/R+) training. Horses were trained to walk across two visually distinct liverpools, a 1 m X 2.7 m shallow pool, (striped, Experiment 1; colored water, Experiment 2) each associated with either R- or R-/R+, and training type alternating across six days. I measured highest training level reached, occurrence of undesirable behaviors, salivary cortisol (a measure of stress), time spent by the trainer in motionless human tests, and horses' preference for the two liverpools. Across both experiments, I found no significant difference in the proportions of criteria reached between training types; horses investigated the trainer for treats for longer durations in R-/R+ than R-; no significant difference between training types for the pre- to post-change; a greater proportion of horses increased time spent with R-/R+ trainer than R- trainer; and no difference between first choice in the preference test or time horses spent in proximity to the liverpool, based on the training type with which the liverpool was associated. Overall, I found few differences between R-/R+ and R-, which could be due to horses only having 30 min total training contact with either training, or my use of relatively low intensities of R- and R+.
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von, Hacht Johan, and David Johansson. "Reinforcement Learning Applied to Select Traffic Scheduling Method in Intersections." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-260080.

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Effective scheduling of traffic is vital for a city to function optimally. For high-density traffic in urban areas, intersections and how they schedule traffic plays an integral part in preventing congestion. Current traffic light scheduling methods predominantly consist of using fixed time intervals to schedule traffic, a method not taking advantage of the technological leaps of recent years. With the unpredictable characteristic of traffic and urban population ever-expanding, conventional traffic scheduling becomes less effective due to them being nonadaptive. Therefore, the study sought out to investigate if a traffic scheduler utilising reinforcement learning could perform better than traditional traffic scheduling policies used today, more specifically fixedinterval scheduling. A solution involving a reinforcement agent choosing different predefined scheduling methods with varied characteristics was implemented. This implementation was successful in lowering the average waiting time of cars passing the intersection compared to fixed-interval scheduling. This was made possible by the agent regularly applying suitable scheduling method for the present traffic conditions. Reinforcement learning could, therefore, be a viable approach to scheduling traffic in intersections. However, the reinforcement agent had a limited overview of the current traffic environment at its disposal which could have consequences for the result.<br>Effektivt styrande av trafik utgör en väsentlig del av väl fungerande städer. I tätbefolkade områden med hög trafikdensitet spelar schedulering av korsningar en viktig roll i form av att förhindra långa köer. I dagsläget används till stor del trafikljus som styrs av förbestämda tidsintervall, en metod som inte utnyttjar de teknologiska framsteg som gjorts under de senaste åren. Trafikens oförutsägbarhet samt den ständigt ökande populationsmängden ställer krav på allt mer effektivare trafikljus, trafikljus som kan anpassa sig utefter den rådande trafiksituationen. Därmed undersöker denna rapport huruvida trafikljus som använder sig av förstärkande inlärning kan prestera bättre än konventionella metoder, mer specifikt schedulering med förbestämda tidsintervall. En lösning implementerades som utnyttjar förstärkande inlärning i mån om att välja mellan fem olika trafikstyrningsmetoder med utmärkande egenskaper. Metoden lyckades förbättra den genomsnittliga väntetiden för bilarna som passerade korsningen jämfört med väntetiden som förbestämda tidsintervall åstadkom. Detta genom att regelbundet välja den metod som presterade bra för den givna trafiksituationen. Förstärkande inlärningen kan därmed ses som en lämplig metod för att styra trafiken i korsningar. Lösningen hade dock en begränsad överblick av omgivningen vilket skulle kunna påverka resultatet.
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Skarvelas, Georgios Aristeidis. "Reinforcement and Bonded Block Modelling." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-85984.

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The objective of this master’s thesis is to evaluate the use of Bonded Block Modelling (BBM) in 3DEC software combined with hybrid rock bolts, for three different cases. These cases included the laboratory rock bolt case, the shearing case and the blocky rock mass case. 3DEC is a Distinct Element Method (DEM) numerical software which can be used to simulate both continuum and discontinuum media in 3D. The Bonded Block Model in 3DEC can be used to simulate a rock mass as bonded polyhedral elements. The BBM is a relatively new numerical modelling technique. Earlier studies have focused mainly on laboratory test cases and less on field scale studies. The laboratory rock bolt test was introduced by Hoek and the main idea was to describe the way that rock bolts work. Four different rock bolt spacing designs were simulated and one unsupported model, in order to validate Hoek’s results. The diameter of the blocks was 15 cm while the zones were modelled with length of 5 cm. The tunnel on the shearing case was excavated at the depth of 1500 m. For the stress field, the in-situ stresses of Kiirunavaara mine were considered. The tunnel on the blocky case was excavated at the depth of 30 m and a gravitational stress field was assumed. The shearing model as well as the blocky model, were simulated on a quasi-3D model. The zone length for both cases was 0.1 m. In both cases, a discontinuum non-BBM was modelled first and then, a discontinuum BBM with different rock UCS values was simulated. The discontinuum BBM on the shearing case was simulated for rock UCS of 200, 100, and 50 MPa, while on the blocky case, it was simulated for rock UCS of 50 MPa. The Mohr – Coulomb constitutive model was selected for all three modelling cases. The conclusions of this work were the following: –       The laboratory rock bolt model validated the results of Hoek. Hoek suggested that rock bolt spacing less than three times the average rock piece diameter would be sufficient to produce positive results. The stabilization of the rock pieces as well as the forming of the compression zone were achieved when this equation was satisfied. The geometry of the stabilized material as well as the compression zone, were also correct. –       The discontinuum BBM on the shearing case with intact rock UCS of 200 MPa, produced similar results as the discontinuum non-BBM. This indicates that BBM can be applied for these cases and produce reliable results. The displacement of the fault was expected to be higher than the resulting values. The discontinuum BBM with reduced rock strength (100 MPa and 50 MPa) resulted in rock mass fragmentation. However, the fragmented rock pieces did not detach from the rock mass as the displacement values were not high enough.   –       The discontinuum BBM on the blocky case with intact rock UCS of 50 MPa, produced similar results as the discontinuum non-BBM. There were two discontinuities that affected the smooth transition of the displacement/stress results on the different blocks. The fragmentation of the rock mass due to the existence of the discontinuities did not produce any further rock mass movements.   –       The interaction between rock mass and rock bolts was evident in any modelling case. For the laboratory rock bolt model, the hybrid bolts design was vital for producing correct results. For the shearing model, the hybrid bolts were subjected to shearing movements due to fault movements. In the blocky model, the bolts in the roof of the tunnel were subjected to axial displacements, due to the existence of blocks. The recommendations for further work were the following: –       The hybrid bolts in the laboratory rock bolt test were pretensioned only in the beginning of the computation phase. In reality, the tensioned bolts act at every moment and not only in the beginning. However, it would be interesting to see if the results are similar with continuously tensioned hybrid bolts. It is anticipated that the constantly tensioned hybrid bolts should be able to keep the compressive zones with high values throughout the whole cycling process. Thus, it is suggested for future modellers that this case could be modelled with continuously tensioned hybrid bolts. –       The installation of rock bolts in the shear case as well as in the blocky case, was at the exact same time as the tunnel was excavated.  This is not realistic fact because it is impossible to install the rock bolts exactly the same time as the tunnel excavated. Thus, it is suggested that those two cases could be modelled in the future with more focus on the stress relaxation factor.
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Sundberg, Lars Andreas. "Analysis of welded reinforcements on a boom mower : A structural and modal analysis of reinforcement properties on a industrial boom mower." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för tillämpad fysik och elektronik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-148593.

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Road safety is a complicated issue that affects most world economies due to its negative socioeconomic impact. Road safety programs include different programs that cover different areas for minimizing the effects of these impacts. One of these programs focuses road safety against invasion of wildlife into traffic roads. Most economies that heavily include these particular programs, such as Sweden, rely on specific machinery and techniques for clearing road shoulders that allows driver to foresee any possible danger or road invasion in good time. The most common piece of machinery used for covering this type of activity is known as a boom mower. Boom mowers can be pictured as giant lawnmowers that are attached into a long boom crane from wheel loaders or excavators, so they can clear invading vegetation from the road shoulders. Boom mowers suffer from heavy wear due to their dimensions, weight and operating speed which it requires companies to pay extra attention to their construction and choice of materials. Cranab Slagkraft is a Swedish company that has been specialized for providing high quality boom mowers for the last 30 yearsfor clearing vegetation on the Swedish roads. But, despite their higher quality products, these boo mowers are often expensive and complicated to manufacture. For this reason, Cranab has requested a study to minimize the manufacturing burden in order to simplify its production and diminish cost. This research study focuses on the latest components addition into the boom mower construction to assess their performance. For this research, the researcher will put to test the reinforcements of the boom mower’s model SH150 and see what their performance against harmonic vibrations and structural strength against local stresses are. The research follows two complementary analysis. First, a modal analysis on the boom mower’s main structure for evaluating resonance levels at an operating frequency. Second, a structural analysis with idealized conditions at operating speed to determine construction stress resilience. The results in this research reveals that the modal analysis rejects the viability of one group of reinforcements and confirms the implications of the other one. Also, the results reveal that the complicated geometry requires advanced software for providing more conclusive results. In addition, the boom mower’s own geometry and choice of material might play a role in adjusting the harmonic resonance and adjusting the boom mower’s mechanical properties. The latter conclusion should be considered as a theme of study for future research in this same field.<br>Trafiksäkerhet är ett komplicerat ärende som påverkar de flesta världsekonomier på grund av dess negativa socioekonomiska inverkan. I trafiksäkerhetsprogrammen ingår olika program som täcker olika områden för att minimera de socioekonomiska effekterna. Ett av dessa program koncentrerar sig på trafiksäkerhet mot invasion av vilda djur på motorbanor. De flesta världsekonomiers system som omfattar dessa trafiksäkerhetsprogram, till exempel Sverige, är beroende av specifika maskiner och tekniker för röjning av vägarna som gör det möjligt för föraren att i god tid ska kunna förutse eventuell fara eller vilt som kommer in på vägen. Den vanligaste maskinen som används för röjning av vägar kallas kättingröjare. Kättingröjaren kan liknas vid gigantiska gräsklippare som är fastsatta på en grävmaskin, hjullastare och/eller väghyvel så att de kan rensa bort gräs från vägkanten. Kättingröjare lider av kraftigt slitage på grund av deras dimensioner, vikt och driftshastighet. Det kräver att tillverkaren uppmärksammar konstruktionen och materialvalet till kättingröjaren. Cranab Slagkraft är ett svenskt företag som under de senaste 30 åren har specialiserat sig på att leverera högkvalitativa kättingröjare. Kättingröjarna är ofta dyra och komplicerade att tillverka. Av den anledningen har Cranab begärt en studie för att förenkla produktionen och minska tillverkningskostnaderna. Den här studien koncentrerar sig på det senaste komponenttillägget i kättingröjarens konstruktion för att bedöma deras prestanda. I den här studien testas flera förstärkningar i kättingröjarens modell SH150 för att undersöka deras prestanda mot harmonisk vibration och strukturell hållfasthet mot lokala spänningar. I studien ingår två kompletterande analyser. Först görs en modalanalys på kättingröjarens huvudstruktur för utvärdering av resonansnivåer vid driftsfrekvensen. Sedan görs en strukturell analys med idealiserat tillstånd vid driftshastigheten för att bestämma spänningsmotståndet. I resultatet beskrivs en grupp av förstärkningar som inte har någon påverkan för kättingröjarens harmoniska vibration och spänningsmotstånd och en andra grupp som visar påverkan. Även resultaten visar att den komplicerade geometrin kräver avancerad mjukvara för att ge mer avgörande resultat. Dessutom kan kättingröjarens egen geometri och materialval ha påverkan vid justering av dess harmoniska resonans och mekaniska egenskaper. Den senare slutsatsen bör betraktas som ett begrepp för framtida studier inom samma område.
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Ma, Tengfei. "A Graph Attention plus Reinforcement Learning Method for Antenna Tilt Optimization." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-300111.

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Remote Electrical Tilt optimization is an effective method to obtain the optimal Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) by remotely controlling the base station antenna’s vertical tilt. To improve the KPIs aims to improve antennas’ cooperation effect since KPIs measure the quality of cooperation between the antenna to be optimized and its neighbor antennas. Reinforcement Learning (RL) is an appropriate method to learn an antenna tilt control policy since the agent in RL can generate the optimal epsilon greedy tilt optimization policy by observing the environment and learning from the state- action pairs. However, existing models only produced tilt modification strategies by interpreting the to- be- optimized antenna’s features, which cannot fully characterize the mobile cellular network formed by the to- be- optimized antenna and its neighbors. Therefore, incorporating the features of the neighboring antennas into the model is an important measure to improve the optimization strategy. This work will introduce the Graph Attention Network to model the neighborhood antenna’s impact on the antenna to be optimized through the attention mechanism. Furthermore, it will generate a low- dimensional embedding vector with more expressive power to represent the to- be- optimized antenna’s state in the RL framework through dealing with graph- structural data. This new model, namely Graph Attention Q- Network (GAQ), is a model based on DQN and aims to acquire a higher performance than the Deep Q- Network (DQN) model, which is the baseline, evaluated by the same metric — KPI Improvement. Since GAQ has a richer perception of the environment than the vanilla DQN model, it thereby outperforms the DQN model, obtaining fourteen percent performance improvement compared to the baseline. Besides, GAQ also performs 14 per cent better than DQN in terms of convergence efficiency.<br>Optimering av fjärrlutning är en effektiv metod för att nå optimala nyckeltal genom fjärrstyrning av den vertikala lutningen av en antenn i en basstation. Att förbättra nyckeltalen innebär att förbättra sammarbetseffekten mellan antenner eftersom nyckeltalen är mått på kvalitén av sammarbetet mellan den antenn som optimeras och dess angränsande antenner. Förstärkande Inlärning (FI) är en lämplig metod för att lära sig en optimal strategi för reglering av antennlutningen eftersom agenten inom FI kan generera den optimala epsilongiriga optimeringsstrategin genom att observera miljön och lära sig från par av tillstånd och aktioner. Nuvarande modeller genererar dock endast lutningsstrategier genom att tolka egenskaperna hos den antenn som ska optimeras, vilket inte är tillräckligt för att karatärisera mobilnätverket bestående av antennen som ska optimeras samt dess angränsande antenner. Därav är inkluderingen av de angränsande antennernas egenskaper i modellen viktig för att förbättra optimeringsstrategin. Detta arbete introducerar Graf- Uppmärksammat Nätverk för att modellera de angränsande antennernas påverkan på den antenn som ska optimeras genom uppmärksamhetsmekanismen. Metoden genererar en lågdimensionell vektor med större förmåga att representera den optimerade antennens tillstånd i FI modellen genom att hantera data i struktur av en graf. Den nya modellen, Graf- Uppmärksammat Q- Nätverk (GUQ), är en modell baserad på DQN med mål att nå bättre prestanda än en standard DQN- modell, utvärderat efter samma mätvärde –– förbättring av nyckeltalen. Eftersom GUQ har en större upfattning av miljön så överträffar metoden DQN- modellen genom en fjorton procent bättre prestandaökning. Dessutom, så överträffar GUQ även DQN i form av snabbare konvergens.
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Galuska, Chad M. "Limits of sensitivity to delayed timeout from avoidance." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2000. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1717.

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Thesis (M.A.)--West Virginia University, 2000.<br>Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vi, 34 p. : ill. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 100-102).
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Au, Manix. "Automatic State Construction using Decision Trees for Reinforcement Learning Agents." Queensland University of Technology, 2005. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/15965/.

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Reinforcement Learning (RL) is a learning framework in which an agent learns a policy from continual interaction with the environment. A policy is a mapping from states to actions. The agent receives rewards as feedback on the actions performed. The objective of RL is to design autonomous agents to search for the policy that maximizes the expectation of the cumulative reward. When the environment is partially observable, the agent cannot determine the states with certainty. These states are called hidden in the literature. An agent that relies exclusively on the current observations will not always find the optimal policy. For example, a mobile robot needs to remember the number of doors went by in order to reach a specific door, down a corridor of identical doors. To overcome the problem of partial observability, an agent uses both current and past (memory) observations to construct an internal state representation, which is treated as an abstraction of the environment. This research focuses on how features of past events are extracted with variable granularity regarding the internal state construction. The project introduces a new method that applies Information Theory and decision tree technique to derive a tree structure, which represents the state and the policy. The relevance, of a candidate feature, is assessed by the Information Gain Ratio ranking with respect to the cumulative expected reward. Experiments carried out on three different RL tasks have shown that our variant of the U-Tree (McCallum, 1995) produces a more robust state representation and faster learning. This better performance can be explained by the fact that the Information Gain Ratio exhibits a lower variance in return prediction than the Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistical test used in the original U-Tree algorithm.
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Maguire, David R. "Sensitivity of preference to reinforcement amount depends upon the method used to manipulate amount /." Electronic version (PDF), 2006. http://dl.uncw.edu/etd/2007-1/maguired/davidmaguire.pdf.

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Hayashi, Kazuki. "Reinforcement Learning for Optimal Design of Skeletal Structures." Doctoral thesis, Kyoto University, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/263614.

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Bajarwan, Abdullah A. "A new method for modelling reinforcement and bond in finite element analysis of reinforced concrete." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1989. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/6734.

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In conventional finite element analysis of reinforced concrete the steel bars are normally assumed to lie along the concrete element edges and very often the bond gripping the steel to the concrete is assumed to be infinitely stiff. The first assumption makes it difficult to model all steel bars leading to the inclusion of only a few representative bars. Shear reinforcement is usually ignored. Thin concrete cover also creates difficulty by causing long thin finite elements in that region. The second assumption does not reflect the true behaviour of the system. In this research a new method for the modelling of steel in reinforced concrete by finite element analysis has been developed which allows all steel reinforcement to be included in the analysis. The method is based on modelling the steel and concrete separately, the two materials being interconnected by the bond forces between them. Thus, bond stiffness is naturally included in the analysis. Such interconnection of steel and concrete is achieved by an interface bond matrix which is derived from the relative displacements between the steel and the concrete at the steel nodes. A linear bond slip relation is assumed for the bond, and a linear stress strain relation is assumed for the concrete and the steel. The work has extended also to nonlinear bond stress-slip relation. Concrete is represented by 8-noded isoparametric quadrilateral elements, and the steel is represented by two noded bar elements. The bond is represented by springs joining each steel node to all 8-concrete nodes. The solution of the resulting system of equations is achieved in an iterative manner which converges quite rapidly, and which requires less computation than the direct solution needs. Three types of problems are analysed in two dimension to demonstrate the application of this new method. These are beam, cantilever and pullout problems. The first two, being real problems, demonstrate the ability of the method to handle complex steel arrangements, thin concrete covers and anchorage of steel, while the third problem shows the application of load to the steel rather than to the concrete. Concrete and steel deformations and stresses are calculated at their nodes. Bond stresses are given at all steel nodes. In the nonlinear bond analysis, deterioration of bond will be demonstrated in pullout and pushout tests at high loads.
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Books on the topic "Reinforcement method"

1

1964-, Liu Sihong, ed. A new earth reinforcement method using soilbags. Taylor & Francis/Balkema, 2006.

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Fehl, Barry D. Use of reinforcement in a nonlinear, incremental structural analysis. U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, 1995.

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Bellak-Adams, Kerin. AD/HD success!: Solutions for boosting self-esteem the diary method for ages 7-17. Loving Healing Press, 2009.

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AD/HD success!: Solutions for boosting self-esteem the diary method for ages 7-17. Loving Healing Press, 2009.

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Anderson, Wynema. Business computer applications for reinforcement. South-Western Educational Publishing, 1998.

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Presuel-Moreno, Francisco. Identification of commercially available alloys for corrosion-resistant metallic reinforcement and test methods for evaluating corrosion-resistant reinforcement. Virginia Transportation Research Council, 2008.

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Chakraborty, Bibhas. Statistical methods for dynamic treatment regimes: Reinforcement learning, causal inference, and personalized medicine. Springer, 2013.

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Ellen, Smith Jane, ed. Clinical guide to alcohol treatment: The community reinforcement approach. Guilford Press, 1995.

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Association, American Psychological, ed. Reinforcement-based treatment for substance use disorders: A comprehensive behavioral approach. American Psychological Association, 2012.

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1949-, Young David M., ed. The silent language of psychotherapy: Social reinforcements of unconscious processes. 3rd ed. Aldine de Gruyter, 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "Reinforcement method"

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van der Aa, Pim. "Automatic Reinforcement Method Using NLFEA." In High Tech Concrete: Where Technology and Engineering Meet. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59471-2_136.

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Chen, Sheng-hong. "Reinforcement Analysis Using the Finite Element Method." In Springer Tracts in Civil Engineering. Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8135-4_6.

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Kruis, Jaroslav, and Zdeněk Bittnar. "Reinforcement-Matrix Interaction Modeled by FETI Method." In Lecture Notes in Computational Science and Engineering. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-75199-1_71.

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Chen, Sheng-hong. "Reinforcement Analysis Using the Composite Element Method." In Springer Tracts in Civil Engineering. Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8135-4_15.

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Iima, Hitoshi, and Yasuaki Kuroe. "Swarm Reinforcement Learning Method Based on an Actor-Critic Method." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17298-4_29.

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Kasahara, K., T. Sanagawa, and M. Koda. "Design calculation method for sheet pile reinforcement method in liquefiable ground." In Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Press-in Engineering 2021, Kochi, Japan. CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003215226-40.

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Arriaga-González, Jonathan, and Manuel Valenzuela-Rendón. "Reinforcement Learning Method for Portfolio Optimal Frontier Search." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-45111-9_22.

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Zuo, Guoyu, Jiatong Han, and Guansheng Han. "Multi-robot Formation Control Using Reinforcement Learning Method." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-13495-1_82.

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Zhao, Dongfang, Jiafeng Liu, Rui Wu, Dansong Cheng, and Xianglong Tang. "Data-Efficient Reinforcement Learning Using Active Exploration Method." In Neural Information Processing. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04182-3_24.

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Fang, Yong, and Jianfeng Gu. "A Deep Reinforcement Learning Method for Self-driving." In Intelligent Computing Theories and Application. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95933-7_19.

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Conference papers on the topic "Reinforcement method"

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Ralha, Ce, H. W. Schneider, Maria Emi Walter, and Ana Lu Cetertich Bazzan. "Reinforcement Learning Method for BioAgents." In 2010 Eleventh Brazilian Symposium on Neural Networks (SBRN 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sbrn.2010.27.

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Wu, Wenda, and Mingxue Liao. "Reinforcement Fuzzy Tree: A Method extracting Rules from Reinforcement Learning Models." In 2019 IEEE/ACIS 18th International Conference on Computer and Information Science (ICIS). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icis46139.2019.8940165.

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Lewis, F. D., and Wang Chia-Chi Pong. "A negative reinforcement method for PGA routing." In the 30th international. ACM Press, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/157485.165064.

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Sagha, Hesam, Saeed Bagheri Shouraki, Hosein Khasteh, and Ali Akbar Kiaei. "Reinforcement Learning Based on Active Learning Method." In 2008 Second International Symposium on Intelligent Information Technology Application (IITA). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iita.2008.565.

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Notsu, Akira, Katsuhiro Honda, and Hidetomo Ichihashi. "Proposed particle-filtering method for reinforcement learning." In 2011 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fuzzy.2011.6007337.

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Hwang, Kao-Shing, Hsuan-yi Chiang, and Wei-Cheng Jiang. "Adaboost-like method for inverse reinforcement learning." In 2016 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fuzz-ieee.2016.7737926.

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Barrios, Hans, Alexander B. Schrief, and Armin Schnettler. "A network reinforcement method based on bottleneck indicators." In 2017 IEEE Manchester PowerTech. IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ptc.2017.7980804.

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Tutunov, Rasul, Haitham Bou Ammar, and Ali Jadbabaie. "An exact distributed newton method for reinforcement learning." In 2016 IEEE 55th Conference on Decision and Control (CDC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cdc.2016.7798399.

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Alibekov, Eduard, Jiri Kubalik, and Robert Babuska. "Symbolic method for deriving policy in reinforcement learning." In 2016 IEEE 55th Conference on Decision and Control (CDC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cdc.2016.7798684.

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Sun, Zhe. "A Security Reinforcement Method for Intranet Computer Terminal." In 2020 5th International Conference on Computer and Communication Systems (ICCCS). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icccs49078.2020.9118559.

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Reports on the topic "Reinforcement method"

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Baluk, Nadia, Natalia Basij, Larysa Buk, and Olha Vovchanska. VR/AR-TECHNOLOGIES – NEW CONTENT OF THE NEW MEDIA. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.49.11074.

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The article analyzes the peculiarities of the media content shaping and transformation in the convergent dimension of cross-media, taking into account the possibilities of augmented reality. With the help of the principles of objectivity, complexity and reliability in scientific research, a number of general scientific and special methods are used: method of analysis, synthesis, generalization, method of monitoring, observation, problem-thematic, typological and discursive methods. According to the form of information presentation, such types of media content as visual, audio, verbal and combined are defined and characterized. The most important in journalism is verbal content, it is the one that carries the main information load. The dynamic development of converged media leads to the dominance of image and video content; the likelihood of increasing the secondary content of the text increases. Given the market situation, the effective information product is a combined content that combines text with images, spreadsheets with video, animation with infographics, etc. Increasing number of new media are using applications and website platforms to interact with recipients. To proceed, the peculiarities of the new content of new media with the involvement of augmented reality are determined. Examples of successful interactive communication between recipients, the leading news agencies and commercial structures are provided. The conditions for effective use of VR / AR-technologies in the media content of new media, the involvement of viewers in changing stories with augmented reality are determined. The so-called immersive effect with the use of VR / AR-technologies involves complete immersion, immersion of the interested audience in the essence of the event being relayed. This interaction can be achieved through different types of VR video interactivity. One of the most important results of using VR content is the spatio-temporal and emotional immersion of viewers in the plot. The recipient turns from an external observer into an internal one; but his constant participation requires that the user preferences are taken into account. Factors such as satisfaction, positive reinforcement, empathy, and value influence the choice of VR / AR content by viewers.
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Weiss, Charles, William McGinley, Bradford Songer, Madeline Kuchinski, and Frank Kuchinski. Performance of active porcelain enamel coated fibers for fiber-reinforced concrete : the performance of active porcelain enamel coatings for fiber-reinforced concrete and fiber tests at the University of Louisville. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/40683.

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A patented active porcelain enamel coating improves both the bond between the concrete and steel reinforcement as well as its corrosion resistance. A Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) program to develop a commercial method for production of porcelain-coated fibers was developed in 2015. Market potential of this technology with its steel/concrete bond improvements and corrosion protection suggests that it can compete with other fiber reinforcing systems, with improvements in performance, durability, and cost, especially as compared to smooth fibers incorporated into concrete slabs and beams. Preliminary testing in a Phase 1 SBIR investigation indicated that active ceramic coatings on small diameter wire significantly improved the bond between the wires and the concrete to the point that the wires achieved yield before pullout without affecting the strength of the wire. As part of an SBIR Phase 2 effort, the University of Louisville under contract for Ceramics, Composites and Coatings Inc., proposed an investigation to evaluate active enamel-coated steel fibers in typical concrete applications and in masonry grouts in both tension and compression. Evaluation of the effect of the incorporation of coated fibers into Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC) was examined using flexural and compressive strength testing as well as through nanoindentation.
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