Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Reinhart Koselleck'

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The object of this research investigation on theory of history is about the future dimension in time perspective of the German historian Reinhart Koselleck. It is to relate and understand through the semantics of historical times the relationship between past, present and future. That is, try to present the author and his work regarding the theories of temporal dimensions and the modern definition of historical time between the meta-categories experience space and Horizon expectancy. There is a conceptual reframing from modernity, as well as an awareness that marks a new way men relate and realize the time. From this, according to the author, we have a temporal multiplicity that emerges from the above categories. The problem with this research is that the future was thought of as taboo among most historians and Koselleck, the future takes on an important function in the form of expectation, design and prognosis. So we try to understand why this discussion about the future dimension.
O objeto de investigação desta pesquisa em teoria da história é a dimensão futuro na perspectiva de tempo do historiador alemão Reinhart Koselleck. Trata-se de relacionar e compreender por meio da semântica dos tempos históricos a relação entre passado, presente e futuro. Isto é, procuramos apresentar o autor e sua obra no que tange as teorias acerca das dimensões temporais e da moderna definição de tempo histórico compreendida entre as meta-categorias Espaço de experiência e Horizonte de expectativa. Há uma ressignificação conceitual a partir da modernidade, bem como uma tomada de consciência que marca uma nova forma dos homens se relacionarem e perceberem o tempo. Em face disso, segundo o autor, há uma multiplicidade temporal que emerge da tensão entre as categorias citadas. O problema desta pesquisa é que o futuro fora pensado como tabu entre a maioria dos historiadores e com Koselleck, o futuro assume uma função importante em forma de expectativa, projeto e prognose. Portanto, procuramos entender o porquê dessa discussão sobre a dimensão futuro.

Denna studie tar avstamp i begreppet kris, då dess komplexitet och mångtydighet gör det intressant att studera utifrån en begreppshistorisk ansats. För begreppets fortlevnad har det historiskt sett utvidgats till att inrymma flera bakomliggande meningar som passar den aktuella verkligheten. Syftet med studien är således att urskilja hur begreppet kris förändrats utifrån Natos konceptdokument under årtalen 1968, 1991, 1999 samt 2010 med hjälp av begreppshistorisk teori och metod. Reinhart Koselleck är en av begreppshistoriens urfäder vilket gör att hans teoretiska ramverk samt metod fungerar som verktyg vid illustrerandet av den begreppsliga förändringsprocessen. Dessutom tillmötesgår den begreppshistoriska metoden det spontana intresset för språk och ordbetydelser, varför den bedöms vara som given för denna uppsats. Materialet som ligger till grund för denna begreppshistoriska analys består av fyra strategiska konceptdokument från Nato. Att studien genomförs utifrån ett Nato- perspektiv beror på att ett av alliansens huvudsyften är att hantera kriser av varierande grad. Dessutom fokuserar Natos konceptdokument på aktuella hot och utmaningar i vilka den begreppsliga förändringsprocessen kan skönjas. De slutsatser som presenteras är att begreppet kris förändrats i och med alla de nya hot och risker vilka återfinns som konsekvenser av bland annat globaliseringen och den teknologiska utvecklingen. Den begreppsliga förändringen tar sig uttryck i att det utvidgats till att innehålla fler bakomliggande meningar, såsom exempelvis cyberattack och klimatförändringar.

Esta dissertação versa sobre a importância e a transformação do conceito de equidade no direito ocidental ao longo da história e seus reflexos no direito civil e processual civil brasileiro contemporâneo, a partir da metodologia desenvolvida por Reinhart Koselleck em sua história dos conceitos. Em síntese, a história dos conceitos Begriffsgeschichte propõe investigar a semântica dos conceitos fundamentais a uma determinada experiência histórico-temporal e, nesta medida, dedica-se ao conceito e à terminologia plasmados na experiência que se estuda e aos termos e conceitos a ela correlatos, que revelam algum grau de conteúdo significativo Bedeutungsgehalt em termos político-sociais. A equidade se apresenta como objeto complexo de estudo, o que se confirma por sua polissemia e perpetuidade no curso dos séculos, e sua correlação com o ideal de justiça é uma constante. Destarte, em atenção aos limites físicos e temporais desta dissertação, os esforços foram concentrados no estudo de seis casos principais sobre equidade, que possibilitam identificar suas raízes a partir dos conceitos de para Aristóteles e aequitas para os juristas romanos e alcançar seu significado ou significados no direito civil e processual civil brasileiro hodierno.
This dissertation discusses the importance and the transformation of the concept of equity in law in the western world throughout history and its reflections in contemporary Brazilian civil law and civil procedural law, based on the methodology developed by Reinhart Koselleck in his conceptual history. In short, the conceptual history Begriffsgeschichte proposes to investigate the semantics of fundamental concepts to a particular historical and temporal experience and, therefore, it is dedicated to the concept and the terminology embodied in the experience studied and to the terms and concepts correlated to it, which reveal some degree of meaningful content Bedeutungsgehalt in political and social terms. The equity is presented as a complex object of study, which is confirmed by its polysemy and perpetuity over the centuries, and its correlation to the ideal of justice is a constant. Thus, considering the physical and temporal limitations of this dissertation, efforts were concentrated on the study of six major cases of equity, which enable the identification of its roots from the concepts of to Aristóteles and aequitas to Roman jurists and achieve their meaning or meanings in current Brazilian civil law and civil procedural law.

The aim of this thesis is to examine and analyse if it is possible to distinguish a new perception of time and temporality in the Swedish fashion magazine Magasin för konst, nyheter och moder, and in that case how it is expressed. To discover this, I have used the theories of the philosophers and historians Reinhart Koselleck and Marshall Berman. In their works they have pointed out and described how the early decades of the nineteenth century was a crucial time for our perception of the modern world, in the sense that we ever since then have experienced a gap between the past and the future where we cannot derive our expectations from our past experiences anymore. I have studied if this notion is communicated in the articles, and came to the conclusion that there is a new awareness of time articulated in the magazine. Mainly  there are three different understandings of time and temporality expressed within the magazine – first are those articles that shows a general new awareness of time in a constructive way, neither through a positive or negative perspective. Furthermore, there are also expressions for connections between the materialistic content in the magazine and the view on temporality, where the acknowledgment of a new temporality in fashion seems to also have an impact on a more ideological perception of time. Finally there are articles which portrays the discrepancy between expectation and experience as something with a negative significance for the future, but similarly puts this in a way that illuminates that the future is now something adaptable and possible to influence in a certain direction. This shows a new way of understanding how, in a Swedish nineteenth century context, material culture could affect people’s awareness of time and temporality and hence also their thoughts and outlook of the future even in more abstract issues. The upcoming becomes possible to interpret as something materialistic, and therefore also something more concrete and arguable.

Perversion är ett negativt laddat begrepp som används för att beskriva personer eller företeelser som avviker från normen, oftast den sexuella. Jag undersöker vad, vem och vilka som kallas perversa i tidningen Expressen år 1966, 1986 och 2016, med syftet att synliggöra hur begreppets användningsområde har förändrats. Min metod har sina rötter i den begreppshistoriska teorin och är utvecklad av Reinhart Koselleck. Genom synkrona och diakrona analyser granskar man politisk-sociala begrepp och sammanhangen de brukas inom. Resultatet visar att bruket av begreppet som ett icke-sexuellt, värdeladdat ord har varit konstant. Det har också åsyftat ett varierande antal sexuella läggningar och uttryck, varav några finns närvarande under alla årtal. Min slutsats blir att det perversa inte nödvändigtvis förblir perverst: ibland brukas begreppet impulsivt, som en reaktion mot det vi inte är vana vid. Begreppets associationer med det förbjudna och tabubelagda förblir dock beständiga.

Esaias Tegnér (1782-1846) var en stor kulturpersonlighet i 1800-talets Sverige. I dikten ”Det Eviga” proklameras det att våldet inte förmår skapa något evigt, utan det som våldet skapar blir ”vanskligt och kort”. Den följande undersökningen tar avstamp ur detta, och vill sätta våldet hos Tegnér under närmare betraktelse. Detta gör den via att utgå från Helge Jordheims ”nya filologi”, som sätter språkets relation till historien i fokus, med specifik inriktning på Reinhart Kosellecks begreppshistoria – en teoretiker som Jordheim presenterar. Med denna teoretiska bakgrund antar undersökningen följande frågeställningar: Vad är det som Tegnér avser med våld? Hur behandlar han begreppet? Vad har begreppet för dimensioner – är det en nyanserad eller en platt förståelse? Sker det någon form av utveckling av begreppet med tiden? I sådana fall hur och vad är det som förändras? Undersökningen sätter två perioder av Tegnérs diktproduktion i huvudfokus: den tidiga diktningen 1799–1807, och den mogna periodens diktning 1808–1825. Ur detta kan uppsatsen visa på ett återkommande våldsbegrepp, som knyter an till Tegnérs idealistiska åskådning. I den första perioden är våldet är tillfälligt, negativt och känsloladdat, samtidigt som det finns en vilja att sätta begreppet under reflektion. När Tegnér mognar som diktare utvecklas begreppet. Den reflekterande hållningen byts ut mot en proklamerande. Våldet blir meningslöst, ondskefullt, krigiskt och ensamt.

During the 1920s and 1930s, the Swedish right-wing party Allmänna valmansförbundet (AVF) made citizen into a key concept within their political vocabulary and practice. This thesis examines the distribution, meaning and function of the concept of citizen within the AVF between 1915 and 1936. By using theoretical and methodological perspectives from both the English (Skinner) and German (Koselleck) side of conceptual history vis-à-vis Begriffsgeschischte, this study illuminates how a discursive framework took place within the AVF and expanded throughout the organisation. The constitutional reforms 1918/1921 and the organisational strength from opposite parties, stressed the importance for the AVF to assemble the citizens around conservative value laden concepts: responsibility, ansvar, and public participation, offentlighet. This new situation in political and social life, pushed the AVF towards a reorganisation. The aim was to educate the masses, women and youth into conservative citizens. Citizen became the sole tool in (i) upholding the traditional heritage between folk–state, and (ii) enabling the AVF citizen discourse to spread throughout the society. This study shows the multiple meaning and functions of the citizen concept within the AVF.  It provides a new understanding of how collective concepts became an important part of the struggle for power during the democratization process in Swedish political history and must in that respect be seen as an antithesis to the collective concepts of the Social Democratic Party during this period.

Syftet med denna uppsats är att visa på hur historiebruk migrerar och transformeras över tid. I sin bok With His Pistol in His Hand – A Border Ballad and its Hero presenterar Américo Paredes sin bild av vad Corridon är, en särskild typ av mexikansk ballad vid som sjöngs i ett område mellan Mexiko och USA från mitten av 1830-talet och drygt hundra år framåt. Jag har försökt finna passager i Cormac McCarthys bok Övergången och Sam Peckinpahs film Det vilda gänget som kan förstås som influerade av Corridon. För att kunna tolka min empiri har jag tagit hjälp av framförallt Roland Barthes Mytologier och Reinhart Kosellecks Erfarenhet, tid och historia – Om historiska tiders semantik. I diskussionen argumenterar jag för att både moralsyn och tematik i de bägge verkan visar på ett släktskap med Corridon. Vidare har jag funnit likheter i hur de gestaltar tid och hur de arbetar med mytologiska tecken för att gestalta sina berättelser och därmed sin historieförmedling. En slutsats är att verken för en dialog med sina mottagare, de skapar ett utrymme för betraktaren eller läsaren att själva dra de logiska följderna av de frågor som verken ger upphov till.
The purpose of this paper is to show how the use of history migrates and transforms over time. In his book With His Pistol in His Hand - A Border Ballad and its Hero, Américo Paredes presents his characterization of the Corrido, a special type of Mexican ballad which was sung in the area between Mexico and the United States from the mid-1830s and more then hundred years ahead. I have tried to find passages in Cormac McCarthy's book The Crossing and Sam Peckinpah's The Wild Bunch which can be understood as influenced by the Corrido. In order to be able to interpret my empirical material, I have taken the help of Roland Barthes Mythologies and Reinhart Koselleck's Futures Past: On the Semantics of Historical Time. In the discussion, I argue that both moral views and themes in my empirical material correspond with Corridon. Furthermore, I have found similarities in how they portray time and how they work with mythological signs to portray their stories and their mediation of history. One conclusion is that the book and the movie start a dialogue with their recipients, they create a space for the viewer or the reader to draw the logical outcomes of the issues that the works give rise to.

Cette thèse a pour but d’interroger l’historiographie contemporaine ; d’enquêter sur elle à partir de sa légitimation sociale et de son statut disciplinaire, suite à la diffusion de pratiques et d’éléments s’étant avérés susceptibles de mettre en doute sa fonction traditionnelle, à savoir signifier le passé, le représenter, lui donner un lieu hors du présent, le déplacer du présent sans pour cela le perdre. À ce propos, nous avons choisi de prendre en considération une partie de l’œuvre de Michel de Certeau. Cet historien jésuite, sans avoir directement interrogé les nœuds constituant la trame de notre présent historiographique, a questionné de manière radicale la pratique historiographique, poussant à la limite ses faiblesses et sa fragilité, de sorte que son œuvre ouvre un espace inédit où la réflexion historiographique s’exerce à parcourir les impasses et les contradictions du présent. Notre réflexion a croisé aussi l’historien allemand Reinhart Koselleck (qui, de sa part, a essayé de reconstruire les modalités possibles de construction de l’expérience historique) pour s’achever enfin sur la figure littéraire de Jacques Austerlitz, le protagoniste du roman homonyme de l’écrivain allemand W. G. Sebald. Suivre la marche de ce professeur constitue un moyen pour interroger de manière « oblique » l’historiographie contemporaine ; Austerlitz devient, dans le cadre de notre démarche, une image d’historien. Il s’agit d’une image d’historien vaincu, la seule image, pourtant, capable de redonner sens à la pratique historiographique, le vaincu étant une catégorie essentielle de la possibilité de l’expérience historique et de son écriture
The aim of this thesis is to call into question contemporary historiography; to inquire on it starting from its social legitimation and its essence as a discipline, now that some practices and elements have been capable of putting its traditional function in doubt. With traditional function I mean the ability to give meaning to the past, to represent it, giving it a place outside the present, putting it out of the present without loosing it. In this regard, I have taken in consideration a part of Michel de Certeau’s work. This Jesuit historian has not reflected in a direct way on the framework of present historiography, but has radically confronted its practice, pushing its weaknesses and frailties to the limit. His work throws new light on the discipline opening a field of research in which historiographical thought tries to inhabit the impasses and the contradictions of the present. I have discussed some essays of the German historian Reinhart Koselleck (who has tried to analyse the structure and the ways of construction of historical experience) finishing my analysis of the literary figure of Austerlitz, main figure of W. G. Sebald’s homonymic novel. Following the trail of this professor we try once again to call into question present historiography in an oblique way. Austerlitz becomes in our research, a figure of the historian. It is the figure of a defeated historian, but it is the only one still capable of giving meaning to the practice of historiography. The defeated is the essential and inescapable category of the possibility of experiencing and writing history

This dissertation analyzes the concept of democracy as it was used in the official rhetoric of the Swedish SocialDemocratic Party (SAP ) between 1919 and 1939. Theoretically, the dissertation relies on German Begriffsgeschichte, as put forward by Reinhart Koselleck, and Michael Freeden’s theory of ideologies. Together, by supplementing each other, these theories offer a perspective in which concepts are thought of as structures that are under contestation and change due to socio-political circumstances. However, the formulation of this change takes place in relation to the linguistic praxis of each time-period, and renegotiates the relative constraints of established relations between concepts in language. The analysis shows that the profound changes in society provided impetus for a continuous renegotiation of meanings, allowing concepts to retain their explanatory power under changing circumstances, at the same time the SAP needed new ways to express what kind of society the party strived to realize. The SAP had been one of the leading forces in the struggle for universal suffrage, and when the bill, giving universal suffrage to men andwomen, was passed in the Parliament 1919 this meant a temporary cessation to a long and intensive political debate. However, the SAP did not consider the introduction of suffrage reform as the end of full societal democratization. Rather than seeing the reform as a terminal point, the SAP saw it as the starting point for the struggle for full democracy. The SAP did not limit itself to only one concept of democracy but instead used a number of composite concepts, such as political democracy and economic democracy. The use of composite concepts can be understood as a changing temporalization of democracy. Since parliamentarism and suffrage were seen as central components in democracy, the realization of these institutions meant that the concept of democracy lost its future dimension. Thus, the usage of composite concepts should be seen as a re-temporalization of democracy. The composite concepts pointed forward in time, toward political goals that the SAP envisaged realizing in the future. Concepts should not be thought of as having cores but rather, as suggested by Freeden, ineliminable features. An ineliminable feature is not of logical nature but has a strong cultural adjacency. By analyzing the ineliminable components of the concepts of democracy that the SAP used, it is possible to discuss whether the composite concepts should be understood as subsets of a whole or as separate concepts. The analysis shows that the composite concepts that the SAP used during the first half of the 1920s shared a number of ineliminable features, but that the commonality of these features started to disintegrate during the latter half of the decade, leading to a rather diversive concept of democracy. During the 1930s the disintegration ceased as the party was faced with new circumstances, for example the growing threat of international war and national clashes between different social groups. There has always been a close relation between language and society. However, the relationship does not follow a simple and clear-cut logic but a complex mixture of various factors at different levels, both within language itself and of society. When society develops, language also has to change if the ongoing process is to be understood. As this study shows, new circumstances require new argumentsand thus revised concepts.

Depuis les Lumières, la notion de « critique » occupe une place centrale dans les réflexions que les sociétés occidentales conduisent à propos de leur caractère proprement moderne. C’est en étant « critiques » que nous nous distinguons de nos prédécesseurs, ainsi que des sociétés avec lesquelles nous continuons de coexister. En suivant Reinhart Koselleck, on pourrait dire que la « critique » représente ainsi l’un des « Grundbegriffe » de la modernité, c’est-à-dire, un concept fondamental qui non seulement guide, mais rend effectivement possible notre compréhension et notre interprétation des phénomènes en tant que tels. Cependant, si nous tentons de proposer une définition viable de la critique elle-même, nous sommes forcés d'admettre que les récits existants, en fondant la critique dans les capacités inhérentes à l’être humain, souffrent d'une « aporie » qui non seulement contredit la thèse initiale de la critique comme étant un phénomène proprement moderne et spécifiquement occidental, mais finit également par compromettre son efficacité sociale.D'un point de vue philosophique, cette situation logiquement défectueuse et pratiquement intenable demande une réflexion conceptuelle concernant les processus de pensée impliqués dans ce que nous appelons « pensée critique », ainsi qu'une clarification historique des sources sociales des principes guidant cette forme de pensée.Alors, selon une doxa philosophique classique, la clarification conceptuelle de la critique revient à interpréter les écrits de ce qu’on pourrait appeler la « trinité critique » allemande : Kant, Marx, l'école de Francfort. Comme ce phénomène nous intéressait du point de vue de son rôle dans la constitution de la modernité, c'est en raison de sa position historique unique, à savoir sa conjonction avec les Lumières, que nous étions amenés à nous concentrer sur le travail d'Immanuel Kant. À la différence de l’exégèse philosophique antérieure qui assimilait la « critique » de Kant au contenu de sa philosophie en tant que telle, notre interprétation a tenté d’en comprendre le sens en se concentrant sur les «opérations de la raison» qui étaient effectuées au nom de ce concept. Une telle perspective nous a permis de discerner, d’abord, que le geste critique de Kant avait été déclenché par une certaine « rationalité temporelle », elle-même marquée par une attitude assez particulière, a-normative, envers le passé ; deuxièmement, qu’il a été exécuté selon une certaine compréhension de la vérité aux allures dogmatiques ; et enfin, qu’il a été accompli, non pas tellement au nom de la « raison théorique », comme on le pense habituellement, mais plutôt en vue du développement de sa « faculté pratique ».C’est donc en nous basant sur cette analyse de la logique du geste critique de Kant que nous avons entrepris une enquête historique concernant ses origines sociales. Compte tenu de la spécificité de l'objet en question, nous avons d'abord été confronté à la tâche d'adopter une perspective philosophique permettant de saisir son émergence historique. Nous avons tenté de l’élaborer en faisant dialoguer, d’une part, l’«l'histoire conceptuelle» de Reinhart Koselleck et, d’autre part, l’approche généalogique de Michel Foucault – deux perspectives théoriques qui ont également produit leur propre analyse historique au sujet de la naissance de la critique, mais qui semblent toutefois ne pas avoir complètement réussi à rendre compte de son caractère spécifiquement moderne. Néanmoins, c’est en suivant l’histoire conceptuelle dans son insistance sur la nature conceptuelle de la critique ; en adoptant la compréhension que la généalogie propose de son caractère essentiellement « protestataire » ; et surtout en poursuivant les intuitions de Foucault et de Koselleck concernant ses relation complexes avec la religion ; que nous avons pu mener à bien la partie historique de notre recherche et de délinéer le contexte social dans lequel avait surgi le phénomène de la critique moderne
Ever since the Enlightenment, the notion of “critique” occupies a central place in western societies’ reflections concerning their properly modern character. It is by being “critical” that we distinguish ourselves from our predecessors as well as from the societies with which we continue to coexist. Following Reinhart Koselleck, one could say that “critique” represents one of modernity’s “Grundbegriffe” – a fundamental concept which not only guides, but effectively enables our understanding and interpretation of phenomena as such. However, if we try to propose a viable definition of critique itself, we are forced to admit that existing accounts, by grounding critique in the inherent capacities of individual human beings, suffer from an “aporia” that not only contradicts the initial thesis of critique’s properly modern and specifically occidental character, but also ends up compromising its social effectiveness.From a philosophical perspective, this logically flawed and practically untenable situation calls for a conceptual reflection on the thought processes involved in what we call “critical thinking”, as well as a historical clarification of the social sources of the principles guiding such form of thought.According to the common philosophical doxa, the conceptual clarification of critique is tantamount to the interpretation of the writings of the so-called German “critical trinity”: Kant, Marx, the Frankfurt School. Since I was interested in this phenomenon from the point of view of its role in the constitution of Modernity, it was due to its unique historical position, namely, its conjunction with the Enlightenment, that I was led to focus on the work of Immanuel Kant. Unlike previous philosophical exegesis that equated Kant’s “critique” with the content of his philosophy as such, my interpretation tried to unravel its sense by focusing on the “operations of reason” that were conducted in the name of this concept. Such a perspective has enabled me to discern, firstly, that Kant’s critical gesture was set in motion by a certain “temporal rationality”, marked by a rather peculiar, a-normative, attitude towards the past; secondly, that it was executed according to a certain quasi-dogmatic understanding of truth; and lastly, that it was accomplished not in the name of “theoretical reason”, as it is commonly thought, but for the sake of the development of its “practical faculty”. Thus, it was on the basis of this analysis of the logic of Kant’s critical gesture that I have embarked on a historical investigation of its social origins. Given the specificity of the object in question, I was first faced with the task of adopting a philosophical perspective that would be able to capture its historical emergence. I have tried to do this by proposing a combination of Koselleck’s “conceptual history” and Foucault’s “genealogy” – two theoretical perspectives that have produced concrete historical analysis regarding the birth of critique, but seem to have failed to arrive at a fully satisfactory account of its specifically modern character. Nonetheless, it was by following conceptual history’s insistence on the conceptual nature of critique; by adopting genealogy’s understanding of its essentially insubordinate character; and, above all, by pursuing Foucault’s and Koselleck’s intuitions regarding its complex relation with religion; that I was able to carry out the historical part of my research and delineate the social context that gave rise to the modern phenomenon of critique

CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO
A dissertação investiga diversas faces das relações entre a história dos conceitos de Reinhart Koselleck e a hermenêutica filosófica de Hans-Georg Gadamer. Ao propormos uma interpretação da obra de Koselleck a luz das questões da filosofia hermenêutica, pretendemos entender e problematizar uma forma de conhecimento histórico que se baseia no diálogo e no vínculo entre passado e presente, com vistas a abertura de novos horizontes e perspectivas de futuro. Tal propósito é bem realizado pelos estudos históricos de Koselleck, mediante seu laço teórico com a filosofia heideggeriana e inserção nas questões políticas e sociais de sua época, o que os torna um importante campo para discussão no âmbito de nossa disciplina. O vigoroso debate travado entre os autores a respeito dos fundamentos do conhecimento histórico revela não somente discordâncias, mas também amplo campo de convergências, às quais iremos abordar. Estas idéias suscitam grande interesse num momento em que a ciência histórica cada vez mais parece definir seus objetivos como a investigação da alteridade histórica. A relação entre história e filosofia pode nos revelar perspectivas interessantes para a disciplina que nas últimas décadas, tem sofrido um grande impacto de correntes da antropologia.
Dissertation looks into the various aspects of relations between Reinhart Koselleck`s history of concepts and Hans-Georg Gadamer´s philosophical hermeneutics. By proposing to interpret Koselleck´s work in the light of inquiries made by hermeneutics philosophy, we intend to comprehend and bring into question one form of historical knowledge that is based upon the dialogue and the link between past and present, with a view to opening up new horizons and prospects of future. Such purpose is well served by Koselleck`s historical studies, be it through their theoretical ties with the Heideggerian philosophy or their insertion into the political and social questions of his days, whereas they also make up a major discussion topic within our discipline. These authors` strong argument on the fundamentals of historical knowledge shows not only dissent, but a wide field of consent as well, which will both be approached here. Authors` ideas are of much interest just when historical science increasingly seems to state its purpose as an inquiry into historical otherness. The relation between history and philosophy may disclose interesting prospects for the discipline, which has greatly experienced the impact of anthropological trends in the latest decades.

American artist Lee Bontecou’s oeuvre is often described as difficult to categorize or “mysterious.” Her early work—a series of metal and canvas reliefs made between 1959 and 1965—is linked to a range of stylistic associations including such radically divergent movements as assemblage, minimalism and abstract expressionism. Alternately, contemporary art historian Mona Hadler cites a series of iconographic connections between Bontecou’s reliefs and the popular culture and politics of the late 1950’s and early ‘60s. Using historian Reinhardt Koselleck’s theorization of historical time where history is constituted by an amalgamation of “temporal layers” based on particular historical perspectives, this thesis will explore the varied stylistic associations of Bontecou’s early reliefs by investigating their artistic as well as social and political contexts. In doing so this thesis will demonstrate that these so-called “mysterious” forms were created and exhibited in relation to a several different historical perspectives or “temporal layers.”

Dissertação de Mestrado em Filosofia apresentada à Faculdade de Letras
Esta dissertação tem como objetivo estudar a relação entre a concepção de tempo histórico em Reinhart Koselleck e o conceito de crise. Analisamos os textos do autor de um ponto de vista da história dos conceitos e interpretamos a crise como uma derivação do tempo histórico.A dissertação está dividida em duas partes, cada uma constituída por dois capítulos. No primeiro capítulo estudamos o modo como o homem mítico experiencia o tempo, sublinhando o papel do discurso mitológico. No segundo capítulo abordamos a concepção aristotélica de tempo, sendo esta interpretada à luz de um substrato essencialista e teleológico. Neste ponto estabelecemos uma divisão, pois a I parte do nosso trabalho deverá ser compreendida como um enquadramento teórico necessário para se compreender o conceito de tempo. No terceiro capítulo colocamos em evidência a relação existente entre a concepção de progresso – desenvolvida através de uma racionalidade científica – e a inauguração de uma experiência de tempo que se afasta do substrato teleológico. Este afastamento do substrato teleológico coloca em causa a atribuição de uma finalidade ao processo histórico, comprometendo a existência de um sentido totalizante imanente do mesmo. No último momento do nosso trabalho, concluímos que a crise surge de uma concepção de tempo histórico, na medida em que é intrínseca ao mesmo. A perda de finalidade origina um estado de crise que deve ser interpretada como um modo de ser e de estar no tempo e no mundo. Com isto pretendemos mostrar que o trabalho de Reinhart Koselleck é fundamental para compreendermos filosoficamente, etc, o estado de crise atual. Por conseguinte, esta deve ser interpretada como constitutiva e, consequentemente, derivada do enquadramento conceptual desenvolvido pela modernidade que origina um tempo histórico linear e neutro, tal como Kosellek aponta.
This dissertation aims to study the relationship between the conception of historical time in Reinhart Koselleck and the concept of crisis. We analyze the texts of the author from the view of the history of concepts and interpret the crisis as a derivation of historical time.The dissertation is divided into two parts, each consisting of two chapters. In the first chapter we study the way mythical man experiences time, underlining the role of mythological discourse. In the second chapter we address the Aristotelian conception of time, which is interpreted in the light of an essentialist and teleological substrate.At this point we establish a division, because the I part of our work should be understood as a theoretical framework necessary to understand the concept of time. In the third chapter we highlight the relationship between the conception of progress - developed through a scientific rationality - and the inauguration of an experience of time that moves away from the teleological substratum. This departure from the teleological substrate calls into question the attribution of a purpose to the historical process, compromising the existence of a totalizing meaning immanent of it. At the last moment of our work, we conclude that the crisis arises from a conception of historical time, insofar as it is intrinsic to it. The loss of purpose gives rise to a state of crisis that must be interpreted as a way of being in time and in the world.With this we intend to show that the work of Reinhart Koselleck is fundamental to understand philosophically, etc., the current state of crisis. Consequently, it must be interpreted as constitutive and, consequently, derived from the conceptual framework developed by modernity that gives rise to a linear and neutral historical time, as Kosellek points out.

The word Anthropocene has been used in academia in many cases in the last decade. Geologists and stratigraphers believe that man's influence intervents so much with nature that they propose to call by the term a whole new geological era. This would have far-reaching consequences for (social) science in terms of interdisciplinarity. Due to the topicality of the theme, the diploma thesis aims to monitor the intersection of the term Anthropocene using the conceptual theory of Reinhart Koselleck, and thus find out whether and how the word spreads to public sphere. The first theoretical part presents the sources, maps the reflection of the term in the literature of social sciences and puts the work into a theoretical and methodological framework from the perspective of the history of concepts. It introduces Koselleck's theory of transition phases and explanes its application to the research field using modified criteria. The methodological character of the work is a comparative case study, heuristically grasped by content (textual) analysis of a media text. The second practical part observes texts from two selected databases (Czech and British) and presents the results in order to find out the meanings the contexts around the term Anthropocene. The last part compares both geographical areas and...