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Banasiak, Natalia Matgorzata. "Assessing the outcomes and consequences of large carnivore reintroductions to the Eastern Cape, South Africa." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/11963.
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Reintroduction is a potentially powerful tool available to conservationists to cope with species population declines. Nonetheless, it is poorly understood and past reviews tend to indicate poor results. Reintroduction, under the sensu stricto IUCN definition, must have a primary objective of conservation; however species can be released to sites in their indigenous range (reintroduction sensu lato) to meet other objectives. The outcomes of these reintroductions s.l need to be assessed to determine how effectively they achieve their varied objectives. A Web of Science review revealed that only 32.1% of 131 publications on reintroduction provided clearly defined success criteria. Using economic, ecological, conservation and problem animal management objectives as reintroduction s.l. drivers, I developed context-dependent success definitions for each objective to use in reintroduction outcome assessments. These success criteria were then used to assess the reintroductions s.l. of large carnivores, namely lion, leopard, cheetah, African wild dog, spotted hyaena, and brown hyaena, to 16 private- and state-owned reserves in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. Ecotourism and ecological restoration were the most common objectives for the reintroduction of top predators to these reserves. Overall the reintroductions of large carnivores have been successful in meeting their objectives. Only African wild dogs have failed to establish in the province. Causes of objective-specific failures for the other species in some reserves included introductions of same-sex populations, lack of breeding events and changes in reserve management objectives. Assessments for leopard and brown hyaena were inconclusive due to lack of monitoring data. The reintroduction of large carnivores to the Eastern Cape Province has also resulted in the emergence of human-carnivore conflict on neighbouring properties. Carnivores have reportedly escaped from 8 reserves (61.5% of reserves) in the Eastern Cape. A total of 75 conflict events on 68 neighbouring properties (36.7% of neighbouring properties) have been reported. There is a major gap in research around conflict resulting from carnivore reintroductions and future research is required to fully understand the situation in the province in order to develop effective mitigation methods. An adaptive management approach to reintroductions is encouraged to improve monitoring and ensure reintroductions continue to meet their objectives. Furthermore, emerging consequences, such as human-wildlife conflict, and related mitigation strategies should be incorporated into management of reintroduced populations. Communities surrounding reintroduction sites should be educated on lifting baselines where conflict-causing species are recovering to ensure continued success of reintroduction undertakings. National management plans should be developed for all large carnivore species to improve the conservation value of small, fenced reserves that are typical of South African conservation, through a managed metapopulation approach. Management plans should include social, political, and economic factors that can influence the success of reintroductions and ultimate conservation outcomes.
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Adams, Lynn K. "Reintroduction of Juvenile Black Stilts to the Wild." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Biological Sciences, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1922.
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Black stilts (Himantopus novaezelandiae) are an endangered wader endemic to New Zealand. The black stilt population is critically low and managers are trying to return the species to a sustainable level by captive-rearing young stilts from eggs. A new and experimental reintroduction programme began in 1993. Over two years, 57 young birds were released to the wild within their natural range in the Mackenzie Basin. The area they were initially released into contains a diversity of feeding habitats and mammalian predators are excluded. Newly released stilts remain around the release area for the first two months feeding and roosting within the predator-reduced area. Many bird species in nature have a high mortality during their juvenile stage. Survival rate of released juvenile black stilts was approximately 50% for the first four months and 30% after the first year. Of the birds whose bodies were found, most had died from trauma related injuries. The causes of the injuries are not known, but several hypotheses have been proposed. Signs on the bodies indicate the causes of death include predation, internal parasites, infection, thyroid dysplasia and powerlines strikes. Time budget and foraging samples were collected over the first four months following the 1993 spring release, periodically over the subsequent over winter, and the first four months following the 1994 spring release. This study investigated possible causes of death of stilts by comparing behaviours of birds that eventually live with those that eventually die. From these comparisons no differences were found in the behaviour of the two groups. Results indicate that all stilts are equally prepared at release and causes of death are independent of the bird's behaviour. Alternative release areas are suggested for future black stilt reintroductions as a means of reducing the initial mortality. The rate of, mortality observed in newly released stilts is likely to be associated with captive-rearing. However, causes and rates of mortality in older captive-reared birds are likely to approximate wild birds of similar age.
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Soriano, Redondo Andrea. "Reintroduction ecology of the Eurasian crane Grus grus." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/28381.
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Successful conservation strategies to increase the survival prospects of a population must be accompanied by an accurate knowledge of the population dynamics. In this thesis, I examine the population dynamics of Eurasian cranes (Grus grus) in the UK and assess the impact of a reintroduction on the future population size and distribution. Additionally, I cover other aspects of crane conservation, such as public engagement in crane conservation and crane resilience to extreme weather events. To do so, I use a wide range of tools: Internet-based monitoring methods, stochastic matrix population models, point process models and GPS-accelerometer tracking devices. I show that there is a geographic gradient in interest in reintroduction projects; people living near the project area have a greater interest than people from areas further away. I also show that the UK crane population is acting as a pseudo-sink; current levels of survival and productivity allow the population’s persistence but immigration is driving population recovery. Nevertheless, the productivity of the UK population is low and measures to improve it should be implemented. The reintroduction of 90 birds in the Somerset Levels has decreased the relative importance of immigration and is likely to increase the projected population size by 50% over the next 50 years. However, the increase in population numbers will not be accompanied by a large expansion in the population range. Cranes will likely colonize large wetlands with low perimeter-to-area ratios near already occupied areas, but the reintroduction will increase the dispersal potential of the species. Finally, I find that during an extreme flooding event, crane foraging areas became limited to a small unflooded patch, but cranes coped with this event through behavioural flexibility, by increasing their foraging time. Together, these results highlight the importance of reaching a broad understanding of population dynamics in order to implement effective conservation strategies.
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Soriano, Redondo Andrea. "Reintroduction ecology of the Eurasian crane Grus grus." Doctoral thesis, University of Exeter, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/63144.
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University of Exeter<br>Tese arquivada ao abrigo da Portaria nº 227/2017 de 25 de julho<br>Successful conservation strategies to increase the survival prospects of a population must be accompanied by an accurate knowledge of the population dynamics. In this thesis, I examine the population dynamics of Eurasian cranes (Grus grus) in the UK and assess the impact of a reintroduction on the future population size and distribution. Additionally, I cover other aspects of crane conservation, such as public engagement in crane conservation and crane resilience to extreme weather events. To do so, I use a wide range of tools: Internet-based monitoring methods, stochastic matrix population models, point process models and GPS-accelerometer tracking devices. I show that there is a geographic gradient in interest in reintroduction projects; people living near the project area have a greater interest than people from areas further away. I also show that the UK crane population is acting as a pseudo-sink; current levels of survival and productivity allow the population’s persistence but immigration is driving population recovery. Nevertheless, the productivity of the UK population is low and measures to improve it should be implemented. The reintroduction of 90 birds in the Somerset Levels has decreased the relative importance of immigration and is likely to increase the projected population size by 50% over the next 50 years. However, the increase in population numbers will not be accompanied by a large expansion in the population range. Cranes will likely colonize large wetlands with low perimeter-to-area ratios near already occupied areas, but the reintroduction will increase the dispersal potential of the species. Finally, I find that during an extreme flooding event, crane foraging areas became limited to a small unflooded patch, but cranes coped with this event through behavioural flexibility, by increasing their foraging time. Together, these results highlight the importance of reaching a broad understanding of population dynamics in order to implement effective conservation strategies.
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Cruz, Tamira Íris Vandenbussche Leandro. "Roe deer reintroduction in central Portugal: prerelease phase." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/13428.
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Mestrado em Biologia Aplicada - Ecologia, Biodiversidade e Gestão de Ecossistemas<br>Species reintroduction is increasingly becoming an important part of species recovery programs and habitat restoration initiatives worldwide. Roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) have been reintroduced to Portugal in the past, but the a priori identification of suitable sites for reintroduction can greatly improve the success of such programmes. This study is focused on the first phase of the reintroduction process - the viability phase -, where our study area (Freita, Arada and Montemuro mountains) was characterized and evaluated in terms of suitability to implement the reintroduction process and define reintroduction nuclei in central Portugal. For this, we have used empirical models and expert knowledge (Analytical Hierarchy Process coupled with GIS), and we have identified three reintroduction nuclei suitable for roe deer occurrence and future natural expansion (Manuscript I). The variables used in the model included land use, hydrographic network, asphalted roads, population/villages, and relief. Then, we implemented a simple predictive habitat-use model (GLM) at the Iberian Peninsula scale, where both presence and absence data was used. The model was based on climatic, topographic and environmental variables. Here the model was used to predict the current extent of roe deer habitat that would be suitable for roe deer reintroduction (Manuscript II). GLM model was very accurate, showing a high discriminatory power. Roe deer occurrence and distribution was closely related with distance to perturbation areas, water bodies, shrubs, forest patches and topographic factors. The results are discussed from an ecological perspective, highlighting the relevance of accurate predictions in roe deer conservation and management. The methodologies used in Manuscript I (AHP) and II (GLM) were chosen because they are commonly used, easily replicated, and relatively intuitive to understand. This is especially important in communicating the results to private landowners who will be critical to the management of roe deer. Finally, future goals and actions are discussed in relation to the promotion of the ecological and social conditions that would support the survival of roe deer and Iberian wolf in central Portugal. Our study shows that reintroducing roe deer in central Portugal is feasible and the study area has ecological and environmental suitable conditions for the success of the reintroduction project. In a wider perspective, this study can also contribute to the Iberian wolf conservation and, therefore, to central Portugal ecosystem restoration.<br>A reintrodução de espécies é cada vez mais uma parte importante dos programas de recuperação de espécies e das iniciativas de restauração de habitats a nível mundial. Apesar de o corço (Capreolus capreolus) ter sido reintroduzido em Portugal no passado, com uma identificação a priori dos locais adequados para a reintrodução, o sucesso deste projeto pode melhorar em grande parte. Este estudo é focado na primeira fase do processo de reintrodução – a fase de viabilidade –, onde a área de estudo (Serras da Freita, Arada e Montemuro) foi caracterizada e avaliada em termos de adequabilidade, de forma a implementar o processo de reintrodução e definir núcleos de reintrodução no centro de Portugal. Para isso, foram utilizados modelos empíricos e de conhecimento especializado (Analytical Hierarchy Process acoplado com GIS), e foram identificados três núcleos de reintrodução adequados para a ocorrência de corço e para a sua futura expansão natural (Manuscrito I). As variáveis utilizadas no modelo incluíram: uso de solo, rede hidrográfica, rede de estradas, áreas urbanas, e o relevo. De seguida, foi implementado um modelo de uso de habitat preditivo simples (GLM) à escala da Península Ibérica, onde a presença e a ausência de dados foram usados na análise. O modelo foi baseado em variáveis climáticas, topográficas, de perturbação humana e de estrutura de habitat. Neste estudo, o modelo foi utilizado para prever a distribuição e extensão atual do habitat que seria adequado para a reintrodução do corço (Manuscrito II). O modelo final do GLM foi muito preciso, revelando um poder discriminatório elevado. A ocorrência e distribuição do corço estava intimamente relacionada com a distância a áreas de perturbação, corpos de água, matos, manchas florestais e fatores topográficos. Os resultados são discutidos numa perspetiva ecológica, destacando a relevância de previsões precisas na conservação e gestão da espécie. As metodologias utilizadas no Manuscrito I (AHP) e II (GLM) foram escolhidas porque são comumente usadas, facilmente replicadas, e relativamente intuitivas de entender. Isto é de especial relevância na comunicação de resultados a proprietários privados, que serão fundamentais para a gestão das populações de corço. Por fim, as metas e ações futuras são discutidas em relação à promoção das condições ecológicas e sociais que sustentam a sobrevivência do corço e do lobo-Ibérico no centro de Portugal. Este estudo demonstra que a reintrodução do corço no centro de Portugal é viável e que a área de estudo tem condições ecológicas e ambientais adequadas para o sucesso do projeto de reintrodução. Numa perspetiva mais ampla, este estudo pode também contribuir para a conservação do lobo-Ibérico e, assim, para a restauração dos ecossistemas no centro de Portugal.
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Arts, Koen. "Wilderness restoration and animal reintroduction : ideas, discourses and policies." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2012. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=186197.
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This thesis aims to achieve a better understanding of: (1) theoretical aspects of humannature relationships; and (2) socio-political dimensions of nature conservation practices. It is the result of social scientific research, and employs, on the basis of a ‘moderate’ social constructivist frame, a multi- (and partly inter-) disciplinary approach. Within the central theme of nature conservation, the concept of wilderness is used as a lens for study, with a specific research focus on ‘rewilding’ and ‘animal reintroduction’ in Scotland and the Netherlands. In the overarching context of the two central research aims, the four main chapters in this work have been developed, and are presented, as stand-alone parts. With respect to research aim 1, the relationship between rewilding and animal reintroduction is examined (Chapter 2). The main finding is that if animal reintroduction, as part of rewilding, is understood and implemented in a tentative manner, it can be an inspiring example of an essentially non-controlling human interaction with nature. Chapter 5 is a cultural-historical exploration of the concept of wilderness and of a Dutch national park. It establishes that paradoxes are an important element in the Western fascination with wilderness, and they are therefore an essential focus if contemporary societies want to restore their relationship with the wild. With regard to research aim 2, a discourse analysis is conducted of documents supporting animal reintroductions (Chapter 3). A crucial finding is that rhetoric and argumentation, in expert documents that inform environmental decision-making, become increasingly ‘reflexive’. In Chapter 4, political decision-making on Scottish animal reintroductions is researched in the light of late-modern governance shifts. It is found that these new modes of governance can actually undermine the very democratic principles that they seek to implement in the first place.
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Hume, Deborah K. "Anti-predator training : An experimental approach in reintroduction biology." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Zoology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/6904.
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Captive-rearing of animals for reintroduction into the wild not only involves propagation of individuals, but should also be concerned with ensuring that animals destined for release have the skills necessary to thrive in the wild. In recent years greater attention as been dedicated to preparing captive-reared individuals for life post-release. Predation is a major cause of mortality of reintroduced animals, but techniques to prepare captive-reared animals to cope with predators are often perceived to be difficult to design and implement.
Here I show results of attempts to condition the black stilt (Himantopus novaezealandiae), a critically endangered wading bird species, to be wary of cats. Annually, about 30 black stilts are raised in captivity for release into the wild. A major source of post-release mortality is thought to be mammalian predators. The ability of juvenile captive-reared black stilts to recognise and learn to be wary of the cat (Felis catus), was studied in two experiments conducted between November 1992 and August 1994.
Cats are not historical enemies of black stilts as mammalian predators are a relatively new introduction to New Zealand (in the last 100 years). However, captive-reared juvenile black stilts responded cautiously to the cat model upon their first encounter, suggesting some genetic recognition of mammalian predators already existed. Antipredator-training by conditioning involved structured presentations of a moving cat model (conditioned stimulus) paired with alarm calls (unconditioned stimulus), and was conducted at various ages. In Experiment I, two thirds of the birds received antipredator-training and one third did not. Few differences were found between antipredator responses of the two groups, and post-release survival was-the same for trained and untrained birds. In Experiment II recognition of cat and control models by juveniles that had been anti-predator trained at different ages was investigated. Results indicated that captive-reared black stilt juveniles were capable of learning to be more wary of cats after training, although some decrement of predator recognition behaviour occured over time, possibly due to factors such as habituation and extinction of responding.
I suggest that conditioning captive-reared animals about predators is a valuable addition to existing reintroduction programmes, and make suggestions for efficient introduction of antipredator-training into the current black stilt management programme.
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Burnside, John. "Reintroduction and conservation of the Great Bustard Otis tarda." Thesis, University of Bath, 2013. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.604569.
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Conservation reintroduction aims to establish an organism into an area from where it has disappeared or was extirpated. Monitoring is essential to identify the factors that underpin successful establishment and persistence of a self-sustaining population. The Great Bustard (Otis tarda) is globally threatened and became extinct as a breeding species in the United Kingdom (UK) in 1832. Trial releases began in 2004 to reintroduce the Great Bustard to the UK based on the release of captive-reared chicks transported from a source population in Russia. The aim of this research was to investigate the factors influencing the establishment of a founder population of Great Bustards in the UK. In Chapter 1, I set the context of the reintroduction science and management in the world today and explore the issues surrounding it. Chapter 2 sets the baseline by which to measure the Great Bustard reintroduction project using the first five years of releases (2004 – 2008). Estimating vital rates and modelling population growth, I show that low recruitment to the founder population is a limitation for establishment. Chapters 3 and 4 investigate post-release survival and dispersal, both important variables in population establishment. By modelling individual post-release survival I show that earlier date of release can improve survival and could be used to improve recruitment. Conversely, post-release dispersal had mixed implication for the management of the reintroduced population. Surviving Great Bustards incorporated the release site into their annual range and as their breeding site. However, the birds had traversed large areas reducing our ability to monitor and control the environment of individuals. In Chapter 5, the research focus moves from the reintroduction project to an examination of the impact of disturbance and conspecific attraction (presence of conspecifics positively influences the movement of individuals) in habitat selection in a small extant population of Great Bustards. I show that the spatial distribution of display sites is influenced by anthropogenic disturbance; however, the number of males attending the display sites is influenced by the abundance of female conspecifics. The management implications of this result are that the attraction to conspecifics is an important factor in habitat selection. Finally, in Chapter 6, I discuss project limitations, potential interventions and identify future areas of research.
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Linhoff, Luke Jack. "Linking Husbandry and Behavior to Enhance Amphibian Reintroduction Success." FIU Digital Commons, 2018. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3688.
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Wildlife in captivity has a long history of benefiting global conservation goals. Captive animals can raise awareness and appreciation for the conservation of endangered species. Additionally, captive animals can be used as source populations to reintroduce animals back to the wild or to supplement existing wild populations. The rapid increase in amphibian species threatened with imminent extinction has necessitated the creation of dozens of captive-breeding programs. The focus of this dissertation has integrated topics across the spectrum of animals in captivity and the wild, and the results provide useful recommendations for conservation action. First, I describe how market pressures over a 28-year period are causing meteoric increases in the prices of amphibians sold in the pet trade, indicating a high risk of overexploitation. Pet amphibians may facilitate greater understanding and appreciation of amphibians, but the pet trade must be sustainable. Improving amphibian husbandry will increase the number of captive-bred animals available in the pet trade, and it will allow greater production of threatened species for reintroductions. Secondly, by performing a systematic review of husbandry for 289 amphibian species native to the US, I identified a critical lack in taxon-specific husbandry and developed husbandry research prioritizations. Next, I used a combination of laboratory and field studies to examine domestication processes in amphibians by comparing defensive behaviors in two species of captive-bred and wild poison frog. Captive-bred amphibians had significantly reduced defensive behaviors compared to wild conspecifics, likely resulting from habitation processes related to their husbandry. Finally, I performed three reintroductions of the critically endangered Wyoming Toad (Anaxyrus baxteri) in Wyoming, US. I demonstrated how providing a transitionary period, called a soft-release, to captive-bred toads moving to a novel, wild environment can improve reintroduction success. My work illustrates how improving our understanding of the nexus between captivity and the wild can improve conservation action for endangered species.
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Bich, Joel P. "The Feasibility of River Otter Reintroduction in Northern Utah." DigitalCommons@USU, 1988. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6454.
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The purpose of this thesis is to document river otter (Lutra canadensis) distribution and reintroduction potential in northern Utah. Distribution was studied using data from 3 sources: 1) otter sighting records from Utah Division of Wildlife Resources; 2) surveys of Utah furbearer trappers and natural resources personnel; and 3) searches of streams for otter sign. Potential for river otter habitat/reintroduction was evaluated by assessing food, cover, and reintroduction attributes. Streams were ranked using an evaluation system based on data from the otter literature. Forty-six positive otter sightings were made in Utah by trappers, natural resources personnel, and the public, 1964-1988. Only 1.3% of 844.4 km of northern Utah streams had otter sign during winter and summer searches. General characteristics of northern Utah streams such as habitat type and stream gradient are suitable for river otters. However, stream alterations and livestock grazing have negatively impacted potential otter habitat. Ninety-four percent of the studied streams are presently unacceptable for reintroductions. Escape cover is the most limited habitat attribute, but food appears to be available in adequate quantities. We recommend no otter reintroductions be made until riparian zones are rehabilitated and protected. Reestablishment of stream bank vegetation is essential to provide escape cover for reintroduced otters. We also recommend control of pollution inputs and no further construction of reservoirs. Surveys of otter distribution and evaluation of potential reintroduction should be done on the Colorado River drainage in Utah.
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Bremner, S. "Behavioural and molecular ecology of a captive-bred colony of the endangered swift fox, Vulpes velox." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.269046.
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Faulhaber, Craig Alan. "Updated distribution and reintroduction of the Lower Keys marsh rabbit." Thesis, Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/1348.
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Listed as federally-endangered in 1990, the Lower Keys marsh rabbit (LKMR, Sylvilagus palustris hefneri) exists as a metapopulation in patches of wetland habitat in Floridas Lower Keys. This study sought to address 2 priority actions identified by the LKMR Recovery Team: (1) monitoring of populations and (2) reintroduction. Monitoring the distribution and status of LKMR populations is critical for targeting future management actions. Informal transects for rabbit fecal pellets were used to survey habitat patches documented in19881995 surveys and to identify additional patches of occupied and potential habitat. Next, a buffer was created around patches to help managers account for uncertainty in rabbit movements and to identify groups of patches that might function as local populations. Surveys included 228 patches of occupied and potential habitat, 102 of which were occupied by rabbits. Patches were arranged in 56 occupied and 88 potential populations. Surveys revealed new patches of both occupied and potential habitat. Considering only areas included in 19881995 surveys, however, revealed a net decrease in the number of occupied patches. Many of the recently extirpated populations, which tended to occupy the periphery of larger islands or small neighboring islands, were unlikely to be recolonized without human intervention. Reintroduction provides a means of artificially recolonizing potential habitat. Two pilot reintroductions were conducted to evaluate this conservation strategy for the species. The second reintroduction was postponed, but the first effort met all criteria for short-term success, including survival comparable to a control group, fidelity to release sites, and evidence of reproduction. There are a limited number of potential source populations for translocations. Future efforts should consider using in-situ captive breeding to prevent potential long-term impacts to these populations. Few potential release sites exhibited suitable habitat quality and landscape context. Thus, for reintroduction to be more widely-applied for this species, it must be part of a comprehensive management plan involving land acquisition, control of secondary impacts from development, and habitat restoration and enhancement.
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Knight, M. Eddy. "Howard Barker and the reintroduction of the theatre of language /." Title page, contents and introduction only, 1995. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AR/09ark71.pdf.
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Cheyne, Susan Mary. "Assessing rehabilitation and reintroduction of captive-raised gibbons in Indonesia." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.616227.
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Law, Alan. "Evaluation of the ecological impacts of beaver reintroduction on aquatic systems." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/20767.
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The extent and quality of freshwater systems is declining globally. Combined with past drainage, straightening and flow regulation, current systems are often functional but not pristine. Conservation, creation and restoration of freshwater systems is common but requires significant planning, resources and active monitoring and may only be a short-term solution to the long-term problem of destruction and loss of riparian zones. Beavers (Castor spp.) have the ability to create physical and biological habitat heterogeneity through the construction of woody debris dams, thereby restoring lost natural discontinuities in freshwater systems. Beavers may thus offer a natural, more passive solution to the need for wetland restoration or creation and the problem of homogenisation of watercourses. As such, numerous beaver reintroductions and introductions have been undertaken based in part on restoring this lost natural heritage. However, it is crucial to be able to predict the potential effects on existing biota of physical modifications by beavers to ecosystems, especially in the light of further population expansion, whilst also disentangling these effects from other influences, namely herbivory. The impact of beavers on aquatic systems was studied using a combination of field-based surveys and experiments, using aquatic plants and macro-invertebrates as indicators of hydromorphological changes and to quantify the effects of direct foraging. The research presented in this thesis demonstrates beaver adaptive foraging behaviours between terrestrial and aquatic habitats, whilst feeding highly selectively, optimally and opportunistically, using the white water lily (Nymphaea alba) as a model species. The effects of beaver foraging on the aquatic plant resource and diversity was low over short time spans (e.g. 1 year), but when selective foraging was assessed over greater time scales (e.g. 10 years) the effects of foraging were distinct. Significant changes in aquatic plant height, biomass, richness, diversity and composition were observed over this time period due to selective grazing on large rhizomatous species (e.g. Menyanthes trifoliata). These direct effects occurred even though changes in water levels, which are commonly believed to be the main driver of beaver influence on aquatic vegetation, were negligible. In a separate study in Sweden where beavers commonly constructed dams, with ponds then forming upstream, the aquatic plant and coleoptera species richness and composition differed in comparison to adjacent non-beaver created wetlands. Therefore, having a range of wetland types in the environment increases physical and biological heterogeneity creating unique niches that are exploited by disparate taxa. The construction of a series of dams within a single reach of stream flowing through a Scottish agricultural landscape also increased physical habitat diversity. Distinctive macroinvertebrate assemblages and modified functional diversity were associated with each dominant habitat type in the stream, resulting in increased landscape scale richness. The findings of this thesis confirm that beaver engineering and foraging has the potential to create unique and highly heterogeneous wetland and stream habitats within landscapes that enhances richness and diversity for multiple species groups. This thesis also supports part of the rationale for the trial reintroduction of beaver to Scotland that beavers can restore degraded habitats.
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Brink, Christiaan Willem. "The reintroduction of bearded vultures in South Africa: a feasibility analysis." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20991.
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The southern African population of bearded vultures, Gypaetus barbatus, is declining rapidly and plans for windfarm developments within the core of this species' range threaten to accelerate the population's passage to extinction. As an insurance against such a situation a reintroduction has been proposed to establish a second bearded vulture population within their historic South African range. Before such a scheme could occur suitable areas, if present, will first need to be identified and the requirements and best implementation strategy will need to be determined. Therefore, the aims of this study were (1) to identify the most suitable site for such a reintroduction and (2) to provide some insight into the potential outcomes of different release strategies. Habitat modelling and GIS techniques were used to identify potential reintroduction sites, most notably based on the presence of cliffs. Potential reintroduction sites were then compared based on a range of habitat attributes, of which the amount of human settlement and power line density was considered most important. Five potential reintroduction sites were identified with the two highest ranking sites situated mostly within the Eastern Cape Province. Various release strategies ranging from captive breeding prioritization to release prioritization were modelled using stochastic modelling software. Results indicated that straight releases, without any captive breeding support, had a high probability of failure (defined <34 individuals) ranging between 78.3 and 95.7% across different mortality scenarios over a 30 year period. Supplementation from captive breeding reduced this to between 25.5 and 49.8%. Although it is important for mortality rates to be lower at the reintroduced site this study shows that a reintroduction initiative can be valuable even if this is not the case, as a reintroduction initiative can reduce the probability of extinction (one sex remains) of the species in southern Africa after 50 years by approximately 30%. This study concludes that a captive breeding programme is imperative for the success of the reintroduction and is a prudent measure considering the continuing decline of the species. However, a complementary study examining release sites on the ground as well as stakeholder attitudes and the socio-economic impacts of bearded vultures will be required before the reintroduction can be implemented.
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Carlson, Sarah Louise. "An integrated approach to investigating the reintroduction of flax production in Iowa." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2008.
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Valencia, Javier. "Redesigning the megachurch: reintroduction of sacred space into a highly functional building." Scholar Commons, 2009. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4973.
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"Megachurches offer a unique way of being religious in modern society; one that fits the social and religious context of many people says Scott Tumma “Beyond Megachurch myths”. These Massive congregations of two to fifteen thousand participants occupy an undeniable space in the religious and social landscape. It is not only their massive buildings, locations, activities or television broadcasts that make these churches important. It is the role that they play in changing society (Hartford, 2006)” Architecturally the Megachurch has failed today, it has become a “big box”, a well developed building which houses thousands of members and provides them with all the necessary entertainment and functions that are needed; but, has lost its essence. The Megachurch today has lost its focus; it is focused on the function that the building has to offer and has failed to recognize the purpose of the space. By achieving a highly functional space the sacredness of this space has disappeared. This thesis presents an investigation into how to deal with the notion of sacred space in today’s Megachurch; it will introduce the sacred biblical pattern of coming into the presence of God trough architecture, it will deal with how to make an extremely massive space into a personal and spiritual. The goal of this thesis is to redesign the Megachurch as a highly efficient building that provides the user with the sense of awe, majesty and reverence that is lost in today’s Megachurches. The sacred aspect of this thesis project will be emphasized in the architectural poetics thru the use of symbolism represented in the right use of spatial organization and embedded religious cues; also will be focused on the materiality and the archetypes used to express a sacred feeling; Furthermore the study of natural light and structural systems for vast large spaces in a sacred manner will be investigated. The outcome of this project intends to change the negative connotation of the Megachurch today; it intends to teach society that this institution can be a sacred place to worship God and not just a place to be entertained.
19
Burrows, Stephen W. "The reintroduction of silver pheasant Lophura nycthemera in Hong Kong a feasibility study /." Thesis, Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2004. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42577524.
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Trayford, Hannah Rose. "Continuity and change : (re)conceptualising practice in orangutan (Pongo spp.) rehabilitation and reintroduction in Indonesia." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648384.
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Richards, Jacqueline Denise. "The first reintroduction of the western barred bandicoot (Perameles bougainville) to mainland Australia." University of Sydney. Biological Sciences, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/692.
Full textAbstract:
Almost half of the world�s mammal extinctions in the last two hundred years have occurred in Australia (Short and Smith 1994). The western barred bandicoot Perameles bougainville is one of a suite of species that is currently threatened with extinction, surviving only on two islands in Shark Bay, Western Australia. Reintroduction has been used as a tool in conservation biology to assist in the recovery of threatened species, such as the western barred bandicoot. The aims of this project were to 1) successfully reintroduce and establish a free-ranging mainland population of the western barred bandicoot at Heirisson Prong, Shark Bay, 2) contribute information on the biology of the species, its interactions with introduced species, and its likelihood of persistence as a reintroduced population in the longer-term, and 3) to provide recommendations to assist future reintroductions of the species. The first reintroduction of the western barred bandicoot from surviving remnant island populations to the mainland, some 60 years after its apparent mainland extinction, was from Dorre Island to Heirisson Prong in 1995. Animals were translocated initially to a predator-free refuge on Heirisson Prong, and then subsequently released to the 12 km2 peninsula where introduced predators (foxes Vulpes vulpes and feral cats Felis catus) had been controlled, but European rabbits Oryctolagus cuniculus had not. Despite a small founder number and high mortality of free-range bandicoots in the presence of a low-density feral cat population, the bandicoot population successfully established. The reintroduced population of western barred bandicoots provided an opportunity to study the biology of the species, and to compare it with the remnant island populations and other species of Australian bandicoot. Many population parameters were similar between the island and mainland western barred bandicoot populations, as well as between the western barred bandicoot and other bandicoot species, suggesting that the habitat at the reintroduction site is suitable for long-term persistence of the population. However, there were some notable differences. The western barred bandicoot is the smallest extant species of bandicoot, with fewer young per litter than recorded for other bandicoot species, adult sex ratios were closer to parity, animals reached sexual maturity later, and it is the only species of bandicoot where females are larger than males. Home range size is larger also than recorded for other species. Some of these differences may be explained in part by trade-offs between island dwarfism, lactational pressures, and nest defence. The nesting biology of the western barred bandicoot was studied at Heirisson Prong, including during periods of high and low densities of rabbits. Individuals of the species constructed and utilised nests in a similar fashion to other species of Australian bandicoot, nesting amongst litter underneath shrubs. The western barred bandicoot appeared to favour particular shrub species, especially when vegetation condition was poor due to rabbit damage, but displayed flexibility in being able to construct nests under a variety of shrub species where at least some surface litter was present. Grasses were used in nest construction only when rabbit density was low. Nests appear important for protection against temperature extremes and diurnal predators. Vegetation exclosures around three of the shrub species most commonly used by the western barred bandicoot for nest sites (Acacia ligulata, A. tetragonophylla and Melaleuca cardiophylla) were used to examine the impact of rabbits on vegetation on Heirisson Prong. A high-density rabbit population over the summer of 1997/98 caused in a decrease in canopy cover and the death of mature A. ligulata. Subsequent rainfall and low-density rabbit populations allowed A. tetragonophylla shrubs to recover their former structure, and M. cardiophylla to recover, but not to the same degree. The flexibility of western barred bandicoots in use of nest materials and their omnivorous diet may enable the species to survive in the face of habitat modification by rabbits. Population viability analysis was used to examine future options for the recovery of the endangered western barred bandicoot. Biological data from the Dorre Island and Heirisson Prong populations were input to the computer simulation program VORTEX. The western barred bandicoot populations were modelled under a variety of scenarios to examine the possible effects of changes in carrying capacity, founder population size, inbreeding depression, and the occurrence of drought and cat predation as catastrophes, on the probability of population extinction. This analysis highlighted the need for eradication of feral cats, above all other management actions. Cat predation was particularly potent when it acted through high loss of juveniles, as well as adult bandicoots. Predator control is considered critical for the long-term persistence of reintroduced populations of the western barred bandicoot. This study documents the first reintroduction of the endangered western barred bandicoot to mainland Australia. The population had been extant for four years at the completion of data collection for this thesis, in late 1999 and for over eight years at the finalisation of this thesis in July 2004. The knowledge gained from the reintroduction was used to discuss management recommendations and future options for the recovery of the species. The primary concern for reintroductions of this, and other species of bandicoots, remains the control of introduced predators. For long-term persistence of small, isolated populations, such as those of the western barred bandicoot at Heirisson Prong and the Arid Recovery Project at Roxby Downs in South Australia, and the eastern barred bandicoot Perameles gunnii at a range of sites in Victoria, the complete eradication of introduced predators is essential.
22
Siregar, Rondang Sumurung Edonita. "Behavioural assessment of orang-utans during rehabilitation and reintroduction in East Kalimantan, Indonesia." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.608437.
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Wong, Kin, and 黃健. "Attitudes to proposals for the reintroduction of specific animal species to Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3125603X.
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Davis, Melanie Jeanne. "A Cost-Benefit Analysis of Recent Vertebrate Reintroduction Programs in the United States." Miami University Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=muhonors1240243937.
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Richards, Jacqueline Denise. "The first reintroduction of the western barred bandicoot (Perameles bougainville) to mainland Australia." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/692.
Full textAbstract:
Almost half of the world's mammal extinctions in the last two hundred years have occurred in Australia (Short and Smith 1994). The western barred bandicoot Perameles bougainville is one of a suite of species that is currently threatened with extinction, surviving only on two islands in Shark Bay, Western Australia. Reintroduction has been used as a tool in conservation biology to assist in the recovery of threatened species, such as the western barred bandicoot. The aims of this project were to 1) successfully reintroduce and establish a free-ranging mainland population of the western barred bandicoot at Heirisson Prong, Shark Bay, 2) contribute information on the biology of the species, its interactions with introduced species, and its likelihood of persistence as a reintroduced population in the longer-term, and 3) to provide recommendations to assist future reintroductions of the species. The first reintroduction of the western barred bandicoot from surviving remnant island populations to the mainland, some 60 years after its apparent mainland extinction, was from Dorre Island to Heirisson Prong in 1995. Animals were translocated initially to a predator-free refuge on Heirisson Prong, and then subsequently released to the 12 km2 peninsula where introduced predators (foxes Vulpes vulpes and feral cats Felis catus) had been controlled, but European rabbits Oryctolagus cuniculus had not. Despite a small founder number and high mortality of free-range bandicoots in the presence of a low-density feral cat population, the bandicoot population successfully established. The reintroduced population of western barred bandicoots provided an opportunity to study the biology of the species, and to compare it with the remnant island populations and other species of Australian bandicoot. Many population parameters were similar between the island and mainland western barred bandicoot populations, as well as between the western barred bandicoot and other bandicoot species, suggesting that the habitat at the reintroduction site is suitable for long-term persistence of the population. However, there were some notable differences. The western barred bandicoot is the smallest extant species of bandicoot, with fewer young per litter than recorded for other bandicoot species, adult sex ratios were closer to parity, animals reached sexual maturity later, and it is the only species of bandicoot where females are larger than males. Home range size is larger also than recorded for other species. Some of these differences may be explained in part by trade-offs between island dwarfism, lactational pressures, and nest defence. The nesting biology of the western barred bandicoot was studied at Heirisson Prong, including during periods of high and low densities of rabbits. Individuals of the species constructed and utilised nests in a similar fashion to other species of Australian bandicoot, nesting amongst litter underneath shrubs. The western barred bandicoot appeared to favour particular shrub species, especially when vegetation condition was poor due to rabbit damage, but displayed flexibility in being able to construct nests under a variety of shrub species where at least some surface litter was present. Grasses were used in nest construction only when rabbit density was low. Nests appear important for protection against temperature extremes and diurnal predators. Vegetation exclosures around three of the shrub species most commonly used by the western barred bandicoot for nest sites (Acacia ligulata, A. tetragonophylla and Melaleuca cardiophylla) were used to examine the impact of rabbits on vegetation on Heirisson Prong. A high-density rabbit population over the summer of 1997/98 caused in a decrease in canopy cover and the death of mature A. ligulata. Subsequent rainfall and low-density rabbit populations allowed A. tetragonophylla shrubs to recover their former structure, and M. cardiophylla to recover, but not to the same degree. The flexibility of western barred bandicoots in use of nest materials and their omnivorous diet may enable the species to survive in the face of habitat modification by rabbits. Population viability analysis was used to examine future options for the recovery of the endangered western barred bandicoot. Biological data from the Dorre Island and Heirisson Prong populations were input to the computer simulation program VORTEX. The western barred bandicoot populations were modelled under a variety of scenarios to examine the possible effects of changes in carrying capacity, founder population size, inbreeding depression, and the occurrence of drought and cat predation as catastrophes, on the probability of population extinction. This analysis highlighted the need for eradication of feral cats, above all other management actions. Cat predation was particularly potent when it acted through high loss of juveniles, as well as adult bandicoots. Predator control is considered critical for the long-term persistence of reintroduced populations of the western barred bandicoot. This study documents the first reintroduction of the endangered western barred bandicoot to mainland Australia. The population had been extant for four years at the completion of data collection for this thesis, in late 1999 and for over eight years at the finalisation of this thesis in July 2004. The knowledge gained from the reintroduction was used to discuss management recommendations and future options for the recovery of the species. The primary concern for reintroductions of this, and other species of bandicoots, remains the control of introduced predators. For long-term persistence of small, isolated populations, such as those of the western barred bandicoot at Heirisson Prong and the Arid Recovery Project at Roxby Downs in South Australia, and the eastern barred bandicoot Perameles gunnii at a range of sites in Victoria, the complete eradication of introduced predators is essential.
26
Richards, Jacqueline Denise. "The first reintroduction of the western barred bandicoot (perameles bougainville) to mainland Australia." Connect to full text, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/692.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Sydney, 2005.<br>Title from title screen (viewed 19 May 2008). Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the Faculty of Science. Degree awarded 2005; thesis submitted 2004. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print form.
27
Perry, Neil Desmond. "The Lower Keys marsh rabbit and silver rice rat: steps toward recovery." Texas A&M University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/4260.
Full textAbstract:
Extensive development has destroyed and fragmented wildlife habitat in the
Lower Florida Keys. The Lower Keys marsh rabbit (LKMR; Sylvilagus palustris
hefneri) and the silver rice rat (SRR; Oryzomys argentatus) are listed by the United
States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) and the Florida Fish and Wildlife
Conservation Commission (FFWCC) as endangered species. Both species depend on
coastal prairies, freshwater marshes, and intertidal salt-marsh zones. The objective of
this study was to meet specific, species-level recovery goals and to add reliable
information that may modify or support current recovery plans. Specifically, I (1)
evaluated the use of LKMR reintroduction to suitable habitat, (2) examined
characteristics of habitat used by LKMR, and (3) surveyed the Lower Florida Keys for
SRRs, documenting current range and examining survey results for the past decade.
I reintroduced 7 rabbits (3 males, 4 females) to suitable habitat on Water Key,
and monitored their survival and release-site fidelity. All reintroduced rabbits survived
and some reproduced, suggesting these translocation techniques are a viable tool for
recovery. On Boca Chica Key, I radio-collared 13 LKMRs and compared vegetation
characteristics between core-use and avoided areas within home ranges. Binary logistic
regression associated rabbit use with high vegetation heights (7âÂÂ8 dm), low canopy coverage (<=10%), high bunchgrass densities (2.5âÂÂ3.8/sq m), and forb presence (>5%),
supporting the hypothesis that LKMRs may be detrimentally impacted by hardwood
encroachment into salt-marsh habitats. For LKMR recovery, I recommend management
to resist hardwood encroachment, together with active predator control.
I surveyed 36 locations on 18 islands for SRRs, capturing rats on 12 islands,
including 2 on which SRRs had not previously been found. Comparisons of my data
with historic data suggest SRRs either have increased in abundance over the past decade
or that previous trapping efforts were not effective. Abundance of SRRs does not appear
to be significantly different from that of populations of rice rats on the mainland. The
USFWS and FFWCC should consider revising the conservation status of the SRR;
however, it still should be regarded as a unique evolutionary unit with a very limited
potential range.
28
Jule, Kristen. "Effects of captivity and implications for ex-situ conservation : with special reference to red panda (Ailurus fulgens)." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/65554.
Full textAbstract:
This PhD thesis aims to improve the ex situ conservation of threatened and endangered species by investigating the effects of captivity and improving the methodology of current conservation techniques. The use of reintroduction as a tool for the purpose of conserving species is becoming increasingly popular. Since many wild populations are declining, captive-bred stock are frequently used to restore or supplement wild populations. Evidence suggests that captive-bred animals are less successful than their wild counterparts, but this has not been recently reviewed and there is limited research into investigating what aspects of captivity may be affecting success. Here, I conduct a review of carnivore reintroductions for projects carried out post 1990, which shows that captive-born animals are less likely to survive a release into the wild than their translocated wild-caught counterparts. A case study species, the endangered red panda (Ailurus fulgens), is used to investigate how a species involved in captive breeding for conservation responds to life in captivity. Results from analyses of lifetime reproductive success (and related variables) showed that both adaptation to captivity and inbreeding depression are occurring in the global captive red panda population. An investigation into behavioural adaptation to captivity was less revealing, although only generations three to seven from the wild were observed. The effects of captive environment and husbandry regime were also investigated and revealed that the size of the useable area and amount of human contact were among the factors influencing the behaviours of red pandas. How these findings contribute to a greater understanding of effects of captivity is discussed. The use of selection criteria based on temperament was also investigated in order to improve the likelihood of survivorship upon release into the wild. This method needs to be tested in practice, but based on the selection criteria used, there was evidence that unsuitability for release was positively predicted by generation time in captivity. Implications for the future use of captive red pandas in efforts to conserve the species in the wild are discussed, as well as how these findings can be utilised for other species involved in conservation efforts.
29
Morrison, Caitlin Eleanor. "Evaluating genetic diversity in the critically endangered orange-bellied parrot: informing species management." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/22338.
Full textAbstract:
The orange-bellied parrot (Neophema chrysogaster) is a critically endangered small Australian parrot. It was the first species in Australia to have a single species Recovery Plan developed, and efforts to conserve the species have been active for over 35 years. Despite this, the wild population has declined to fewer than 20 individuals. Approximately 450 birds are maintained in a captive insurance population. This thesis investigated genetic diversity across both wild and captive populations of the OBP between 2010 and 2018. Relatively low genome-wide diversity was found across the species, as measured with 7768 SNP markers. Low functional diversity was also found at immune genes the Toll-like receptors, consistent with other studies of critically endangered birds. Although genetic diversity in the wild population decreased following removal of 21 fledglings in 2010/11 to supplement the captive population, annual releases of captive birds since 2013, and their successful breeding post-release, have improved wild diversity levels. Wild and captive populations were not found to be genetically distinct. Inbreeding depression was investigated by modelling correlations between genetic diversity and 1) differential responses to infectious disease agents, and 2) reproductive success. No evidence of inbreeding depression was found, but a relationship between younger age and greater reproductive success was identified. Finally, a preliminary phylogeny of the genus Neophema was produced using two mitochondrial markers, and was found to support some of the current structure within the genus, but was ultimately inconclusive as to placement of the OBP. This work has explored genetic diversity in the OBP to a greater extent than ever previously. It has helped inform management of the species and will act as a foundation for future studies.
30
Lapidge, Steven James. "Reintroduction biology of yellow-footed rock wallabies (petrogale xanthopus celeris and P. x. xanthopus." University of Sydney. Biological Sciences, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/851.
Full textAbstract:
Based on the recommendations of both the 1993 Reintroduction biology of Australasian Fauna Conference and the 1994 Rock Wallaby Symposium, captive-bred Yellow footed rock wallabies were reintroduced into areas of their former ranges in both South Australia and Queensland
31
Moore, Patrick Terrence. "Seedling establishment guidelines for the reintroduction of American chestnut in the central hardwood region /." Available to subscribers only, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1136089631&sid=14&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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32
Rantanen, Elina Maria Inkeri. "Behaviour of captive-bred grey partridges {Perdix perdix) and its implications for reintroduction success." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.526106.
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33
Wanless, Ross M. "The reintroduction of the Aldabra rail Dryolimnas cuvieri aldabranus to Picard Island, Aldabra Atoll." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/6943.
Full textAbstract:
Bibliography: leaves 58-61.<br>The rallid genus Dryolimnas is endemic to western Indian Ocean islands. Formerly widespread, it is now restricted to Aldabra Atoll (the Aldabra Rail D. cuvieri aldabranus) and Madagascar (the White-throated Rail D. c. cuvieri). Before this project began, the Aldabra Rail was restricted to Polymnie, Malabar and lIe aux Cedres, having been extirpated from Grande Terre and Picard by Domestic Cats Felis catus (still found on Grande Terre) and humans. In 1999, following IUCN guidelines, I captured 20 Aldabra Rails and brought them to now Cat-free Picard. Two Rails died in captivity, an indirect result of incorrect sexing based on a published field sexing method; a subsequent genetic sexing technique confirmed the unreliability of sexing Aldabra Rails in the field. All 18 remaining birds were released on Picard and survived beyond the first breeding season. Eight pairs had bonded and successfully reared a minimum of 13 chicks within five months of release. Eleven monitored pairs reared 20 chicks in 2000/2001, with one-year-old birds breeding successfully. Average chick production was significantly higher on Picard than on Malabar in both breeding seasons. The Picard population at the end of the 2000/2001 breeding season was at least 51, an increase of 283% in 18 months. There are excellent prospects for continued, exponential population growth until the population reaches carrying capacity (ca 1000 pairs), predicted to be between 2007 and 2009. Limited genetic data suggest some population structure between extant populations, and the Picard population is genetically healthy relative to that of Malabar. There has been no substantial change 111 the Aldabra Rail population since the 1960s. However, I have revised an earlier population estimate downwards to ca 3500 pairs. I also estimate the floating population on Malabar was around 1700 Rails in early 2000. A population model of the Malabar Rails predicts a likely minimum annual adult survival rate of 85 %, with a fluctuating floater population. It also shows the population to be very robust to the removal of territorial birds for other proposed reintroductions, but highly vulnerable to the establishment of a predator. The soft release protocol (including a period of acclimatisation before release and supplementary feeding, as required, after release) is believed to have played a crucial role in the success of the reintroduction by allowing individuals to acclimatise and providing an energetic cushion between release and self-sufficiency. A soft release is recommended as the conservative and precautionary method of choice for avian reintroductions and translocations.
34
Schlie, Walter James. "Reintroduction of the Allegheny woodrat (Neotoma floridana magister) to Neotoma Valley, Hocking County, Ohio." The Ohio State University, 1985. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1392310988.
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35
Lapidge, Steven James. "Reintroduction biology of yellow-footed rock wallabies (petrogale xanthopus celeris and P. x. xanthopus." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/851.
Full textAbstract:
Based on the recommendations of both the 1993 Reintroduction biology of Australasian Fauna Conference and the 1994 Rock Wallaby Symposium, captive-bred Yellow footed rock wallabies were reintroduced into areas of their former ranges in both South Australia and Queensland
36
Lapidge, Steven James. "Reintroduction biology of yellow-footed rock-wallabies (Petrogale xanthopus celeris and P. x. xanthopus)." Connect to full text, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/851.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Sydney, 2002.<br>Title from title screen (viewed Apr. 24, 2008). Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science. Degree awarded 2002; thesis submitted 2001. Includes bibliography. Also available in print form.
37
Stevenson, Gilbert Buchanan. "An historical account of the social and ecological causes of Capercaillie Tetrao urogallus extinction and reintroduction in Scotland." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/356.
Full textAbstract:
The capercaillie is the largest member of the grouse family extant in Scotland. This species is reported to have become extinct during the 1700s. It is also reported to have been reintroduced to Scotland from Sweden during the 1800s. There have been many assertions made about the underlying causes of the decline of the species; however the specific causal factors remain unknown. The reintroduction of the capercaillie to Scotland in the 1800s is the only successful reintroduction of a grouse species ever to have occurred in the world. The specific factors behind the success of the reintroduction also remain unknown. This thesis examines the extent to which a selection of historical documentary evidence can help to establish both the causes of the 18th century decline of the capercaillie in Scotland and the successes of the 19th century reintroduction. The methodology of this thesis incorporates facets from the fields of both environmental science and history. The methodology includes three steps. The first step involves the selection of a series of potential critical factors that may have been responsible for the decline of the species in the 1700s; these critical factors were selected from the present day understanding of the ecology and the behaviour of the capercaillie. The second step of the methodology includes the surveying of a series of historical documentary sources. From these surveys historical observations of the species were gathered. The historical documentary sources selected for examination in this thesis include what are referred to here as ‘primary historical source material’ and ‘secondary historical source material’. The majority of the primary historical source material was gathered from the hand written manuscripts of the Breadalbane estate, held at the National Archives of Scotland (NAS) and the Atholl estate held at the Blair Castle Charter Room in Blair Atholl. Other select primary historical source material consulted to a lesser extent, due to time constraints, includes the Forfeited Estates (1745) Inventory and the Baron Court Records for Strathspey and Urquhart (1617–1683) from the Grant estate muniments; both held at the NAS. The secondary historical source material was gathered from published and edited literary collections that include historical accounts of the species. The third and final step of the methodology involves the synthesis of both the historical and environmental information in order to establish to what extent the causes of both the decline of the species in the 1700s and success of its reintroduction in the 1800s can be realised. The findings from this thesis assert that the capercaillie was resident in Scotland from, at least, the end of the Medieval. Moving forward from the Middle Ages this thesis presents observations of the capercaillie throughout the historical period. These observations of the capercaillie appear in many different historical accounts. In some instances these observations are fleeting and do not form the main subject of the particular document in question. In other instances accounts of the species are much more detailed and include references to the ecology and behaviour of the bird. The level of detail included in an observation aside, the frequency with which the species is referred to in the sample of historical documents suggests that sections of the Scottish human population were familiar with the species, in various locations and at various times throughout history. By the 17th century the capercaillie is reported as beginning to become rare in some locations while still remaining comparatively abundant in others. The number of instances where the species is referred to as becoming rare in the historical documents increases between the 17th and the 19th centuries. Despite the reported scarceness of the species in Scotland from around the 17th century onwards, the capercaillie is recorded as persisting in Scotland until around the end of the 1700s. By the early 1800s the number of observations of the species in the secondary historical source material increases. All of the observations in the secondary sources from the early 1800s record the absence of the species from localities and regions of Scotland. No new evidence was found in either the primary or secondary historical source material to challenge the supposition that the capercaillie did become extinct in Scotland after 1785. No detailed quantitative data was available for analysis of the decline of the species. Thus, to investigate the extent to which the historical accounts can help explain the specific causal factors of the reported decline, a synthesis of the environmental and historical data was necessary. The findings of this synthesis suggest that the naturally occurring Scottish population of capercaillie probably persisted in the form of a metapopulation. The two hundred years between the 17th and 19th century most likely saw the extinction of capercaillie sub-populations, before the loss of the overall population of capercaillie around 1785. The sample historical documentary evidence alludes to this pattern of local and/or regional extinction of sub-populations. The cause or causes of the extinction of these sub-populations has focussed on five limiting or critical factors known to affect the species today. These five factors are climate change, particularly weather effects associated with the Little Ice Age, habitat loss and deterioration, disturbance, human hunting and predation by species other than humans also contributed to the species’ extinction. The extent to which these critical factors affected each sub-population would have varied between regions of Scotland occupied by the capercaillie in history. This thesis proposes that there was no single or combination of specific critical factors that were ultimately responsible for the decline of the capercaillie in Scotland during the 1700s. In some areas the capercaillie sub-populations would have most likely died out as a result of habitat loss and deterioration and climate change. Whereas in others predation and inbreeding may have been the critical factors responsible for the species’ demise. More detailed information referring to the capercaillie was found in the historical documentary source material for the period post-extinction (i.e. 1800 onwards). Contrary to popular understanding numerous attempts to reintroduce the capercaillie to Scotland were carried out before the Marquis of Breadalbane’s successful programme in 1837. The historical documentary evidence reports early attempts to reintroduce the species to locations such as the Isle of Arran in 1807, on the Duke of Atholl’s estate in 1822 and on the Earl of Mar’s estate in 1824. None of these reintroduction programmes are reported to have been successful in establishing a ‘wild’ population. However, in some instances the captive rearing programmes initiated did bear some fruit and captive reared birds were sent from Dunkeld by the Duke of Atholl to Kenmore and were used in Breadalbane’s successful reintroduction in 1837. The historical documents report two causes for the failure of these early reintroduction attempts. The first is the sudden death of captive birds, most likely as a result of choking due to stress as observed in recent rearing programmes (i.e. Moss 1986). The reintroduced Arran population is reported to have become extinct in this fashion. The second reported cause of failure is predation by species other than man. For example the entire population of birds brought to Scotland by the Earl of Mar were predated when released on his estate. This thesis offers two critical factors as explanations for the remarkable success of the capercaillie’s reintroduction to Scotland in the 19th century. The first is the method by which the reintroduction was carried out; specifically, the re-establishment of a series of capercaillie sub-populations in different regions of Scotland.
38
Jones, Kevin Christopher. "Ecological effects of the feeding and construction activities of the Eurasian beaver (Castor fiber) in Scotland : implications for reintroduction." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/211.
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Beavers have been described as a “keystone species” and “ecosystem engineers”, and in this dual role have great potential to physically modify their environment through tree-felling, foraging and construction activities. The resultant change in habitat heterogeneity can affect the flora and fauna that share the habitat with them. There has been recent interest in reintroducing the Eurasian beaver to the United Kingdom after an absence of over 400 years. To date, no research (aside from this thesis) has focussed on beaver ecology and behaviour in Scotland. This study has investigated the ecological effects of a small number of beavers in two enclosed but semi-natural Scottish sites at Bamff in Perthshire. The research conducted over a three-year period, with particular emphasis on the effects of tree-felling, foraging and construction activities. Trees were felled for both dietary and construction purposes, with felling rates being influenced by habitat availability, quality and the degree of habitat modification required. Highest rates were evident during the initial colonisation period of marginal sites (c. >300 trees / beaver / calendar year), and lowest rates in later years of occupation of more optimal sites (c. 55 – 70 trees / beaver / calendar year). Preferences were generally for willow and aspen trees, with conifers almost entirely avoided, and smaller trees preferred over larger ones. Proximity of trees to waterbodies was also an important factor, with nearer trees favoured, and generally most felling occurred within 50 m of water. Such behaviour followed the principles of optimal central place foraging. These preferences were less predictable however when intense construction activity was undertaken, with larger trees preferred and generic preferences for deciduous trees apparently invalid. In such cases, close proximity to the construction site was of prime importance. Increased cover of herbaceous plant species was observed in beaver-created canopy gaps in riparian woodland, whilst macrophyte diversity within waterbodies increased slightly in areas of herbaceous grazing. The diversity of terrestrial ground invertebrates was highest in areas of heavy tree-felling, and invertebrate richness and abundance was greatest in areas of herbaceous grazing under an intact tree-canopy. Furthermore, the abundance, diversity and richness of macroinvertebrate communities were increased by beaver-generated woody debris in ponds and streams. Overall, 30% of all macroinvertebrate species collected were found only in beaver-affected areas, due to the refugia and food supply provided by beaver dams, caches and lodges, as well as hydrological effects of these structures. These results are discussed with reference to future plans to return the beaver to Scotland. The habitat usage and modification of riparian ecosystems in northern Britain is likely to be similar to that found in this study, and the results are believed to be relevant, applicable and transferable to many areas of Scotland.
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Aberton, John G., and mikewood@deakin edu au. "Succession of small mammal communities after fire and reintroduction of the Swamp Antechinus Antechinue Minimus." Deakin University. School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, 1996. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20051111.122639.
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This thesis is involved with changes that have occurred to small mammal populations following a major disturbance in the Anglesea region as a result of the 1983 Ash Wednesday fires. Fire, with its effects on spatial and temporal heterogeneity, was found to be an important factor in the maintenance of vegetation and small mammal community structure and diversity in the region. Successional changes in vegetation and small mammal communities were described by multivariate analyses, using data collected annually from 22 study sites. The use of factor analysis techniques, in reducing the annual capture data content, enabled long-term changes in the structure of mammal communities to be interpreted. The small mammal communities in the coastal heath and forest vegetation in the Anglesea region show evidence of a general resilience, (the degree and speed of recovery), to disturbance. Two phases of successional response to fire by mammal species have been proposed; a re-establishment phase which occurs in the initial 5-6 years post-fire and is accompanied by rapid increase in species abundance, and a subsequent maintenance phase accompanied by relatively minor changes in abundance. Habitat Suitability Indices were produced relating to these phases. Vertical density measures of understorey shrubs and herb layers showed significant relationships with small mammal species abundance at the study sites. Long term studies following major disturbances are needed to distinguish between short term recovery of plant and animal species and long term changes in these species. Studies extending over a number of years enable a better directional view of changes in small mammal communities than can be determined from . observations made over a short period.
As a part of the investigation into temporal change, it was proposed to undertake trial reintroductions of the Swamp antechinus, Ant echinus minimus, a marsupial dasyurid species which was trapped in the area prior to the 1983 fire, but rarely subsequently. Other more commonly observed native small mammal species (e.g. Rattus fuscipes,R. lutreolus, Antechinus stuartii, Sminthopsis leucopus) had re-invaded the proposed reintroduction site after this fire. Failure of A. minimus to re-establish may have been due to spatial separation of the pre-fire populations coupled with the extensive area burnt in 1983, A source population of the species was located about 100km to the west and habitat utilization and interspecific and niche relationships between the species making the small mammal community explored. Discriminant analysis revealed some spatial separation of species within a habitat based on structural vegetation factors rather than floristic factors. Temporal separation of species was observed, asA. minimus were more active than Rattus species during daylight periods. There was evidence of micro-habitat selection by species, and structural vegetation factors were most commonly identified in statistical analyses as contributing towards selection by small mammal species. Following a theoretical modelling study three reintroduction trials were carried out near Anglesea during 1992-94. Individuals were subsequently radio tracked, and habitat relationships between the species in the small mammal community investigated. Although successful breeding of A, minimus occurred during the latter two trials, the subsequent fate of offspring was not determined. Invasive techniques required to adequately monitor young animals were considered potentially too damaging. Telemetry studies indicated a preference of A. minimus for short, wet heath vegetation. Structural vegetation factors were identified as being significant in discriminating between capture locations of species. Small scale and inexpensive trial reintroductions have yielded valuable additional data on this species and may be viewed as a useful tool in the conservation of other small native mammals.
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Hintz, John G. "PRAGMATISM AND THE POLITICS OF REWILDING NATURE: THE CASE OF GRIZZLY BEAR REINTRODUCTION IN IDAHO." Diss., Lexington, Ky. : [University of Kentucky Libraries], 2005. http://lib.uky.edu/ETD/ukygeog2005d00318/jhintz05.pdf.
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Hardman, Blair D. "Reintroduction ecology of mala (Lagorchestes hirsutus) and merrnine (Lagostrophus fasciatus) at Shark Bay, Western Australia." Connect to thesis, 2006. http://portal.ecu.edu.au/adt-public/adt-ECU2007.0024.html.
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Boardman, Henry Martin. "IBTSCoCT - a regenerative prototype for the reintroduction of hydrology in the City of Cape Town." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/31463.
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The dissertation investigates the formative influence of hydrology in shaping the spatiality and socio-economic production processes of the urban environment. It acknowledges the surging pattern of human development, the unprecedented growth of cities and the reality of climate change to propose an intervention which aims to introduce the concept of Regenerative Architecture to a South African context. The intervention manifests as an Integrated Biotectural System for the Production and Reclamation of Water, a new architectural typology which is adapted to suit local conditions and to provide innovative possibilities for socio-economic production. The site of the intervention is located behind the G Berth in the Duncan Dock of the Port of Cape Town, extending up the Heerengracht Axis, the most prominent remnant of the formative influence of hydrology on the City of Cape Town. The intervention proposes to form part of a larger Continuous Productive Urban Landscape defined by water, which connects Robben Island – a UNESCO World Heritage Site – from Duncan Dock, through the Heerengracht, Adderley Street, the Company’s Gardens, Orange Street and De Waal Park through to Table Mountain. The intervention acts as a productive landscape that regenerates the connection between the city, the hidden and inaccessible shorelines and the socio-economic production processes those shorelines inherently represent. It harvests the heritage and cultural resources of a historically productive City of Cape Town to present the socio-economic production possibilities of the future: the generation of water and food and the regeneration of land within the urban environment. Copyright<br>Dissertation (MArch(Prof))--University of Pretoria, 2011.<br>Architecture<br>Unrestricted
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Stratton, T. D. "Use of personality to improve reintroduction success : the effects of behavioural variation within release groups." Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 2015. http://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/27882/.
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The study of personality (consistent individual differences in behaviour) is a growing area in behavioural ecology. The majority of studies have investigated the proximate or ultimate causes of these individual differences. However, there is growing interest in their practical applications, particularly to conservation. Previous studies have shown that personality scores can affect individual behaviour response after release into a novel environment. Experimental and theoretical discussions have since suggested that varying the composition of personality types within a release group may therefore affect the success of a translocation. This study investigates practical aspects of applying personality research to translocation projects using a non-endangered model species, the wood mouse (Apodemus sylvaticus). Chapter Two begins by confirming that wood mice have consistent personality traits using a simple personality testing procedure, carried out in the field to avoid potential biases from transporting animals to captivity. Chapter Three assesses some potential biases and confounds that may be faced from trapping and testing animals in the wild, identifying variations in trapping probability and microhabitat use between personality types. Chapter Four looks at changes in personality composition caused by long term captive breeding and the potential impacts this may have of translocation projects are discussed. In Chapter Five an experimental translocation is carried out to investigate the effect personality composition has on both individual and group success, by focussing on the key short term effects of dispersal and mortality. Overall, this study demonstrates that personality traits affect aspects of habitat use, dispersal and risk taking in the wood mouse and provides a number of recommendations for future studies and translocation projects. It is also the first study to provide empirical evidence that personality composition can affect the result of a translocation and recommends that individuals with a mix of personality types should be released.
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Hardman, Blair. "Reintroduction ecology of mala (Lagorchestes hirsutus) and merrnine (Lagostrophus fasciatus) at Shark Bay, Western Australia." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2006. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/34.
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The transfer of threatened animals from one location to another in order to benefit the species is a technique frequently used by animal conservation managers. However, very few of these relocations have experimentally assessed the relative merits and disadvantages of commonly used release techniques. Two species of hare-wallaby, mala (Lagorchestes hirsutus) and merrnine (Lagostrophus fasciatus), were reintroduced in August 2001 onto Peron Peninsula in Western Australia. These threatened species were reintroduced using two release strategies (soft versus hard release), and their subsequent movements and body condition were monitored using radio-telemetry and trapping.
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Hardman, Blair. "Reintroduction ecology of mala (Lagorchestes hirsutus) and merrnine (Lagostrophus fasciatus) at Shark Bay, Western Australia." Connect to this title online, 2006. http://portal.ecu.edu.au/adt-public/adt-ECU2007.0024.html.
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Malin, Johansson. "Bäverns återkomst till Norrbotten : Återintroduceringen av bäver 1960-1976." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-60329.
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1871 var bäver utrotad i Sverige, 1922 gjordes den första återintroduceringen i Jämtland. Det dröjde ända till 1960-talet innan bäver återintroducerades i Norrbotten. Återintroduceringarna i Sverige är ett relativt outforskat område och syftet med denna uppsats är att kartlägga återintroduceringarna i Norrbotten som skedde mellan 1960 - 1976. Resultaten som sådana är inte generaliserbara då de första utsättningarna i Norrbotten gjordes avsevärt senare än i övriga län, vilket innebär att aktörer och processer kan ha varit annorlunda. Dock visar denna undersökning på de bakomliggande motiv och restriktioner som fanns, vilket potentiellt kan tillämpas även vid andra återintroduceringar. Av bäverinventeringsmaterialet används endast information gällande Norrbotten, trots att inventeringar över hela Sverige redovisas, vilket gör det möjligt att potentiellt undersöka om samma mönster även gäller generellt.<br>By 1871 the beaver was extinct in Sweden. The beaver was first reintroduced in the county of Jämtland in 1922 and during the 1960s it was also reintroduced in the county of Norrbotten. This is a relatively unexplored field and the intention is to chart the reintroduction of beavers in Norrbotten between 1960-1976. This essay will not study the reintroductions in general. It will only study Norrbotten during the period mentioned above. The results as such is not generalizable because the first reintroduction in Norrbotten was considerably later than in the other counties, which means that the agents and processes involved may have been different in other parts of the country. However, this survey shows the underlying motivations and constraints that existed and this might be applicable on other reintroductions. In the materials of the beaver inventories only information regarding Norrbotten has been used, even though the inventories contains a chart of the beavers in all of Sweden. It is possible to investigate if these patterns might be generally applicable
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Day, R. L. "Innovation and social learning in monkeys and fish : empirical findings and their application to reintroduction techniques." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.598438.
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The thesis pursues two themes: The first investigate neophilia, innovation and social learning in captive callitrichid monkeys (family <i>Callitrichidae</i>) and guppy fish (<i>Poecilia reticulata</i>). The second explores the application of innovation and social learning theory and research findings to conservation techniques, especially reintroduction. The thesis relies on data collected in a zoo-based study where groups of callitrichids were exposed to novel extractive foraging tasks and also on data collected from laboratory studies of novel foraging behaviour in the guppy. The use of both primates and fish allow a broader range of issues to be addressed than could be tackled with a single model system. The callitrichid study reports intergeneric, age and enclosure type differences in neophilia, innovation and social learning, but no such sex differences. The same study examine the processes that lead to social learning but finds little evidence for directed social learning, although other forms of social learning are observed, namely localised stimulus enhancement. Laboratory studies of guppies reveal an influence of positive frequency-dependent social learning, or conformity, upon the spread of novel foraging behaviour. Fish experiments also examine the relative weighting of asocial and social information by manipulating the cost of reliance upon individual information relative to social information, in the process confirming the findings of theoretical models. The implications of the thesis’ findings for innovation and social learning research and also for conservation and reintroduction techniques are highlighted.
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Halsey, Shiloh Michael. "Modeling the Distribution of Bobcats and Areas of Reintroduction for Fisher in the Southern Washington Cascades." PDXScholar, 2013. http://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/996.
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The fisher (Martes pennanti) is a medium sized member of the mustelid family that once roamed the forests of Washington and whose historic range in the western United States once spread throughout the northern Rocky Mountains, the Cascade and Coast Ranges, and the Sierra Nevada (Carroll, Zielinski, and Noss 1999; Powell 1993, Spencer et al. 2011). Due to pressures from trapping and habitat fragmentation, the abundance of the species in the western United States has decreased dramatically and is thought to be limited to several small, isolated populations. In 2008, fishers were reintroduced to the Olympic Peninsula; however, bobcat (Lynx rufus) predation in the first years is thought to have killed off a significant portion of the released fisher hindering their ability to establish a self-sustaining population (Lewis et al. 2011). Other studies in the western United States have shown that bobcats can be a dramatic force on small or isolated fisher populations.
The coniferous forest of the southern Washington Cascades is the possible site of a release of currently extirpated fishers. My research examines the distribution of bobcats in the region and explores the implication this and the habitat variables of the area have for a future reintroduction of fisher. The workflow of the research was a stepwise process of: 1) surveying forested areas in the southern Washington Cascades for the presence and absence of bobcat and acquiring previously completed survey data 2) using a classification tree to model the correlation of bobcat presence or absence with forest variables and 3) applying these relationships to spatial analysis the creation of maps showing areas of high ranking fisher habitat.
The classification tree modeled the correlation between the forest variables and the results of the surveys, which included 145 bobcat absence observations and 39 presence observations. The model highlighted a 95% probability of absence above 1,303 m in elevation, 73% probability of absence in areas under 1,303 m in elevation and with a tree diameter value under 43.45 cm, 57% probability of absence in areas between 1,070 m and 1,303 m in elevation and with a tree diameter value above 43.45 cm, and an 89% probability of bobcat presence in areas under 1,070 m in elevation with a tree diameter value above 43.45 cm. I applied an upper elevation limit of 1,676 meters as a threshold for suitable habitat and only considered habitat suitable in cells with a tree diameter above 29 cm. The three locations highlighted as the most suitable areas for reintroduction due to a large amount of the highest ranking habitat and the largest aggregations of suitable habitat cells were around the William O. Douglas Wilderness that straddles the border of the Gifford Pinchot National Forest (GPNF) and the Wenatchee National Forest, another location in the Norse Peak Wilderness northeast of Mount Rainier, and a third location in Indian Heaven Wilderness in the southern portion of the GPNF.
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Letty, Jérôme. "Le cout biologique de la reintroduction : approche experimentale chez le lapin de garenne (oryctolagus cuniculus l.)." Paris 6, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA066552.
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Lors de la reintroduction d'une espece animale dans son milieu naturel, les individus paient souvent un cout biologique apres le lacher. Le corollaire demographique est une population reintroduite peu viable. Ce cout peut s'exprimer a court ou moyen terme sous forme de mortalite ou de reproduction alteree. Il est interprete comme une reaction deletere a un stress plus ou moins aigu. Plusieurs causes de stress peuvent etre avancees : la capture physique et la manipulation, le changement d'environnement, et la qualite du nouvel habitat. Cette these etudie le determinisme de la reussite d'une reintroduction en termes de survie et de dispersion chez le lapin de garenne (oryctolagus cuniculus). Le choix de cette espece se justifie car son abondance permet une approche experimentale en nature, et car en gestion cynegetique le repeuplement de ce gibier est une pratique courante mais peu efficace. Plusieurs facteurs susceptibles d'influencer le succes des lachers de lapins sont testes lors d'experiences menees en milieu rural : la familiarite entre individus introduits, la presence de lapins autochtones, l'acclimatation au milieu d'accueil, et l'innocuite des manipulations dues a une reintroduction. La disparition rapide de lapins suite a un lacher est de la mortalite et non de la dispersion. L'effet du comportement social n'est pas clair, que ce soit au travers de la familiarite ou de la presence de residents. Une acclimatation au nouvel habitat avant le lacher semble par contre etre favorable. Ces differentes experiences suggerent aussi une influence du sexe sur la survie. Quant au stress du aux manipulations, il ne semble pas etre la principale cause de mortalite initiale. Le changement de territoire semble donc etre la perturbation majeure. Finalement, la qualite de l'environnement s'impose comme un facteur determinant le succes d'un lacher de lapins, par exemple au travers de la predation. La reussite d'un repeuplement de lapins est ainsi conditionnee par un choix judicieux du territoire d'accueil, par une periode d'acclimatation au nouveau milieu et par une strategie d'introduction adequate. Plus generalement, reussir une reintroduction consiste donc a optimiser l'interaction entre les individus et leur nouvel habitat grace a un protocole de lacher pertinent.
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Teevin, Colleen Elizabeth. "Grizzly bear reintroduction understanding stakeholder interests in the Selway-Bitterroot ecosystem south of the Salmon River /." [Missoula, Mont.] : The University of Montana, 2008. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-12302008-135445/unrestricted/Teevin_Colleen_ProfessionalPaper.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S.) --University of Montana, 2008.<br>Title from author supplied metadata. Description based on contents viewed on May 15, 2009. ETD number: etd-12302008-135445. Author supplied keywords: Grizzly ; stakeholder ; Idaho ; Bitterroot ; reintroduction. Includes bibliographical references.