Dissertations / Theses: 'Rejection (Psychology)'

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Baker, Tracie R. "Adolescents' Perceptions of Rejection Status and Potentially Rejecting Situations." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1320471716.

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Drury, Joanne Louise. "Why do rejection sensitive individuals fear rejection? : an interpretative phenomenological analysis." Thesis, City University London, 2010. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/8708/.

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Research demonstrates that rejection sensitivity develops through early, continuing, or acute experiences of rejection from caregivers and significant others. Rejection sensitivity refers to individuals who anxiously or angrily expect, readily perceive, and intensely react to rejection. The question regarding why rejection is feared by rejection sensitive individuals remains unanswered by existing rejection sensitivity literature. Therefore, the current study answers this question using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) to analyse 8 participants' experiences of rejection sensitivity. Four superordinate themes emerged: 'experiences of parenting'; 'impact of rejection'; 'coping with the concept of rejection'; and 'identity'. The primary fundamental finding indicates that rejection sensitivity is the same concept as abandonment anxiety. Participants in the current study demonstrate both rejection sensitivity and abandonment anxiety. Furthermore, the origins and characteristics of both concepts are identified as the same. Therefore, these findings indicate that rejection is feared for the same reason that abandonment is feared. In childhood, abandonment is experienced as terrifying and therefore defences are adopted to avoid further abandonment. The concept of 'past in present' means that childhood feelings can be timelessly re-experienced in adulthood as actual and unchanged. Therefore, later rejection situations are perceived as abandonment and accordingly alert an individual to impending danger. As a result, rejection is feared because it is perceived as abandonment and as a threat to survival. This finding is fundamental to the fields of rejection sensitivity and abandonment anxiety, in terms of research and therapeutic work with clients. Integrating existing literature provides much greater depth of knowledge and support for these concepts. Recommended therapeutic approaches for abandonment anxiety can also inform interventions for rejection sensitive clients. Findings also suggest that participants experience annihilation anxiety in relation to perceived rejection, which further increases fear. Clinical applications and implications with respect to the findings arc discussed.

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Hanna, Jayne. "Conformity and peer rejection." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/6548.

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This study examined adolescent conformity involving peer rejection in the face of a negative group opinion. 192 adolescents rated the likeability of a hypothetical peer prior to and after exposure to an apparently negative group opinion of the peer. The measure of conformity was derived from the difference between likeability ratings of the hypothetical peer before and after exposure to the negative group norm. Subjects participated in either friendship cliques or non-clique groups, and expected either that the other group members would see their opinions (public condition) or that their opinions would be kept to themselves (private condition). Overall, subjects conformed more in clique groups than in groups comprised of non-clique members. However, this effect was dependent on both sex and surveillance variables. Females conformed the most when they both were in their cliques and expected their group members to see their opinions. Conversely, males conformed most when they were also in their cliques, but expected their opinions to be kept to themselves. Fear of negative evaluation did not correlate significantly with conformity behaviour. Implications of these findings for the role of conformity in peer rejection are discussed.

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Nolte, Anna, Sheri L. LaDuke, Kathleen A. Klik, Emma G. Fredrick, and Stacey L. Williams. "Correlates of Rejection Sensitive Individuals." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8095.

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Rejection sensitivity is defined as the tendency to expect and look for rejection in ambiguous social situations. Individuals high in rejection sensitivity may interpret ambiguous or benign action to be situations of rejection, which may negatively impact these individuals’ intimate relationships. Research suggests that rejection sensitivity may manifest differently for men and women, such that men are more likely to be jealous and controlling, whereas women are more likely to be unsupportive and hostile. These reactions to ambiguous situations may influence the way rejection sensitive individuals seek help. To our knowledge, there is no research available that examines the link between rejection sensitivity and helpseeking behaviors. Williams and Mickelson (2008) found that stigmatized, low-income women who fear rejection were more likely to engage in indirect help-seeking behavior (e.g., complained about their problems in a general way) than direct help-seeking behavior (e.g., gave details about the problem), which resulted in lower levels of support. However, this one prior study examined only one item of fear of rejection, which actually tapped into worry about the support network not providing support if sought. The current study extended that prior research by examining similar hypotheses except using a more extensive measure of trait rejection sensitivity. Additional outcome variables were tested including anxiety and self esteem. We hypothesized that individuals high in rejection sensitivity would seek help indirectly, which would in turn link with high anxiety and low self-esteem, while those individuals low in rejection sensitivity would seek help directly which would in turn link with low anxiety and high self-esteem. Additionally, we hypothesized that type of help seeking would be related to network response such that indirect help seeking would be related to increased negative network response (e.g., attempt to change the topic) and decreased positive network response (e.g., sympathy), with direct help seeking being related to the inverse. Given the gender differences in experience of rejection sensitivity reported in the literature, these differences were also be explored. The current study was a cross-sectional design, in which participants (N = 381) completed a one-time online survey. The majority of participants were female (68.6%) and Caucasian (90%) with an average age of 20.82. Initial analyses revealed support for the proposed hypotheses. Rejection sensitivity was positively correlated with indirect help seeking (r =.110, p < .05) and negatively correlated with direct help seeking (r = -.133, p < .01). While direct help seeking was positively correlated with positive network response, indirect help seeking was related to both positive network response and negative network response (all ps < .01). Indirect help seeking was also positively correlated with anxiety and negatively correlated with self-esteem (all ps < .01). Findings are consistent with previous work on the negative outcomes among individuals high in rejection sensitivity, and that perhaps in part these individuals behave in ways that foster rejection. The current findings suggest future research should examine the relationship between rejection sensitivity, help seeking, and outcomes using an experimental or longitudinal design in order to capture the temporal ordering of the correlational relations reported here.

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Bernstein, Michael J. "Rejection and Pain Sensitivity: Why Rejection Sometimes Hurts and Sometimes Numbs." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1269914149.

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Hallam, Jennifer Laura. "Appearance-based Rejection Sensitivity : an important new variable for health psychology?" Thesis, University of Leeds, 2014. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/9043/.

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Appearance-based Rejection Sensitivity (ARS) is a unique personality processing system that has been shown to involve a dynamic interaction between affect and cognition. Despite being in its infancy, several links have been established between ARS, symptoms of disordered eating and social withdrawal. Currently the main body of ARS literature pertains to body image research, particularly in the effect it can have on romantic relationships, and no research has been conducted to establish how it affects general health. The potential of ARS to add to a wider body of research domains was established during an initial literature review and the principal aim of the current thesis was to explore the nature of ARS within health behaviour and stress research. Cross sectional surveys were utilised to measure the effects of ARS on self-reported health behaviour intention, self-reported behaviour and its predictive validity over and above chronic and acute stress and mainstream personality constructs. ARS was shown to have predictive validity, over and above age, gender, mainstream personality constructs, chronic and acute stress for self-reported behaviour and behavioural intention for a series of prominent health behaviours such as exercise and diet. ARS was found to be negatively associated with exercise, diet and sun protection behaviour and behavioural intention and positively associated with sunbed use and alcohol and nicotine consumption. Such that, individuals high in ARS consumed more saturated fat, exercised less, consumed fewer fruits and vegetables than their low ARS counterparts and also used a sunbed more and consumed more alcohol and nicotine. ARS was also shown to moderate the relationship between stress and fat consumption, exercise and artificial tanning behaviour, such that at high levels of stress high ARS individuals consumed more fat, exercised less and used a sunbed more than low ARS individuals. A daily diary and multi-level modelling was employed to measure the effects of daily stress on health behaviour outcomes, daily mood, social withdrawal and perseverative cognition, and whether ARS moderated these effects. High levels of ARS were associated with higher levels of daily stress, particularly appearance and interpersonal related stress. On days of high stress, ARS moderated the relationship between hassles and behavioural outcomes for snacking, exercise, mood, perseverative cognition and social withdrawal. Such that, on days of stress high ARS individuals withdrew from social situations, worried about past and future appearance concerns, snacked on high fat foods, exercised less and engaged in artificial tanning behaviours more than their low ARS counterparts. This thesis explored the relationship between ARS and health behaviours, personality, stress and health behaviour outcomes and highlights multiple pathways between these variables. The results and the relationships between the variables were replicated within all three studies whilst employing a range of measures and research methodologies. The research within the thesis is the first to explore ARS outside the realm of body image research and to highlight its importance in stress and health behaviour research. This highlights the novelty of the research within the thesis and the implications it has, not only for body image research, but also to stress and health behaviour research and has made significant contributions to the respective research fields.

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Godlee-Campbell, Georgia. "Online Dating Profiles of Rejection Sensitive and Introverted Individuals: Comparison Based on Rejection Explicitness." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2019. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/1277.

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Prior research has found a connection between dispositional factors such as rejection sensitivity and introversion and online dating behaviors including likelihood of use (Blackhart et al., 2014) and experience of use (Finkel et al., 2012; Whitty, 2008). The present study expands upon prior research to examine the relationship between these dispositional factors, and the impact of the possibility of explicit rejection on self-disclosure in participant-created dating app profiles. Adults between the ages of 18 and 60 will be introduced to an online dating app manipulated to contain either high or low potential for obvious rejection. Participants will then be asked to create a personal online profile. Participant perceptions of their own self-disclosure in the self-created profile as well as their disposition (introversion and rejection sensitivity) will be measured. It is hypothesized that rejection sensitive individuals as well as those rating lower in extraversion will report higher levels of self-disclosure in a non-explicit rejection dating app setting in comparison to an explicit rejection setting. The present research has implications for the field’s understanding of the experience of online dating app use for individuals as related to varying dispositional factors.

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Bernstein, Michael Jason. "Rejection and pain sensitivity why rejection sometimes hurts and sometimes numbs /." Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1269914149.

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Hechenbleikner, Nancy. "Risk in Intimacy and Reactions to Rejection Emotions." W&M ScholarWorks, 2001. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626339.

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Ladny, Roshni Trehan. "SELF-REGULATION AND REJECTION: EFFECTS ON OBSESSIVE RELATIONAL INTRUSION." MSSTATE, 2009. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-11232009-103206/.

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This 2 x 3 factorial study focuses on roles of different rejection types (instigating force) and lack of self-regulation (weak inhibiting force) on the commission of obsessive relational intrusion (ORI). Rejection was manipulated through vignettes depicting no rejection or one of two types of romantic rejection: an explicit rejection (rejection that makes an internal attribution to the rejected as cause of relationship ending) or a passive rejection that lets the pursuer down easy (external attributions for relationship demise). Self-regulation was manipulated through a thought suppression exercise (2 conditions: free writing/no suppression vs. restricted writing/thought suppression). After scenario and writing exercise, participants (N = 221) rated their likelihood of thinking or engaging in ORI. A main effect of rejection and an interaction between rejection and self-regulation were observed. Participants explicitly rejected reported higher scores for aggressive acts compared to participants passively rejected. The difference was exacerbated with depleted self-regulation.

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Hazen, Rebecca Ann. "Parental rejection, temperament, and internalizing symptoms." The Ohio State University, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1123821086.

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Nelson, Brian Curtis. "Why was I Rejected? How the Attributed Reason for Social Rejection Impacts Subsequent Behavior." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2009. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1883.

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It is proposed that differences in rejection attribution could yield variations in subsequent prosocial behavior. To test the attribution hypothesis, 109 participants were randomly assigned to a performance based rejection, a personally based rejection, or a control condition and then worked with an ostensible partner via the Internet to develop uses for a common household item. Prosocial behavior was measured by the number of uses a participant generated (working harder for the team). When generating creative uses, participants in the rejection conditions performed significantly worse than nonrejected participants (F(2,74) = 4.576, p<.05, r2=.11). However, in contradiction to the attribution hypothesis, participants in the 2 rejection conditions did not differ in performance. Explanations for why the rejection attribution hypothesis was not supported are discussed in addition to directions for future research regarding rejection attribution.

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Chandler, Sheri, and Stacey L. Williams. "Rejection Sensitivity and Direct and Indirect Support Seeking." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2010. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8121.

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Those high in rejection sensitivity (RS) have expectations of being rejected by others, and often construe vague interpersonal cues as rejection, and react to rejection whether it is true or perceived (Downy & Feldman, 1996). Williams and Mickelson (2008) suggest fear of rejection may guide individuals to seek support through indirect (rather than direct) behaviors, which are associated with low social support. Indeed, Brookings, Zembar and Hochstetler explored personalities of high-RS individuals and found individuals with high-RS likely avoid situations where rejection is possible and remain detached from others rather than attempting close relationships (2001). This study examines RS and the choice to disclose or not to disclose personally negative (i.e., stigmatizing) information to a potentially close individual (friend, family). While previous research has explored this relation using a crude measure of fear of rejection, we expanded that prior work by assessing RS with a well established scale. In addition, the current study explores specific characteristics of a stigmatizing identity (saliency, visibility, secrecy, and thinking about) and their relation with both RS and help seeking. Our hypotheses are that as RS increases direct help seeking will decrease and indirect help seeking will increase. In addition, we believe that the characteristics of a stigmatizing identity would be related to high levels of RS, as well as increased indirect seeking and decreased direct seeking. We collected data from 659 (69% female) students at a southeastern university through participation in an online survey. We tested our hypothesis with bivariate correlations and found that direct help seeking behaviors were negatively correlated with RS (r= -.166; p =.01) and indirect help seeking behaviors were positively correlated with RS (r=.183; p=.01). Secrecy was positively correlated with RS and indirect help seeking (r=.190 and r=.199 respectively; p =.01) and negatively correlated with direct help seeking (r= -.191; p =.01).

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Cleek, Molly K. "Emotional Responses to Varying Sources of Interpersonal Rejection." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/285.

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Baumeister and Leary (1995) propose with their Need to Belong Theory that negative affect would occur upon the disruption of an existing or even potential social connection. The present paper presents two studies that sought to resolve past contradictory research by examining how rejection by various sources (romantic partners, family members, close friends, or strangers) impact the rejectee’s emotional responses. The first study, which used a recalled memory of rejection, yielded no significant differences in mood, need to belong, threat to the four fundamental needs, or state self-esteem for the different sources. However, the second study, which used imagined scenarios, found that the source of rejection had a significant effect on the rejectee’s levels of hurt feelings, sadness, and perceived level of rejection, indicating that the effects of rejection are influenced by the relationship people have with their rejecters. This has many implications on how we understand relational dynamics and rejection.

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LaDuke, S. L., and Stacey L. Williams. "Rejection Sensitivity and Support Seeking Among the Stigmatized." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8081.

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LaDuke, Sheri L., and Stacey L. Williams. "Rejection Sensitivity and Support Seeking Among the Stigmatized." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8088.

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Skulborstad, Hayley Michele Skulborstad. "Responses to social rejection: The role of relationship commitment." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1467376051.

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Cooper, Jessica Marie. "Exploring rejection as an action tendency of negative aesthetic emotions." Greensboro, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 2007. http://libres.uncg.edu/edocs/etd/1407/umi-uncg-1407.pdf.

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Thesis (M.A.)--University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 2007.
Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Oct. 22, 2007). Directed by Paul J. Silvia; submitted to the Dept. of Psychology. Includes bibliographical references (p. 50-53).

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Kovaz, David Matthew. "Social Compensation, Social Enhancement, and Rejection in Everyday Online Conversations." W&M ScholarWorks, 2011. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626671.

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Burke, Kathleen D. "The Effect of Social Closeness on Reactions to Social Rejection." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1405948299.

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Brown, Steven. "The rejection of known and previously accepted foods in early childhood." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2010. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/574/.

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To date, no studies have directly examined the rejection of known and previously accepted foods. However, studies investigating ‘picky’ eating, including the rejection of new and known foods, have shown that children labelled ‘picky’ are likely to have a more unhealthy diet. As a result, increased understanding as to why known and previously accepted foods are rejected may allow for interventions and improved health via increased dietary variety. The current thesis considered the prevalence of the rejection of previously accepted food in pre-school children and sought to test two hypotheses; (i) that previously accepted food may be categorised as ‘new’, due to perceptual changes between servings, and rejected in a neophobic response. And (ii) that a perceptual, food based disgust may be a motivation for the rejection of previously accepted foods. It was further proposed that food neophobia would be the catalyst for these rejections. The data presented suggests that the rejection of previously accepted food is a common occurrence in pre-school children and provides some evidence that the categorisation of food and disgust may influence these rejections. The thesis provides the theoretical arguments for the hypotheses, questionnaire data, and experimental data from methodologies developed for the studies presented.

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Williams, Stacey L., and Kristin D. Mickelson. "A Paradox of Support Seeking and Rejection Among the Stigmatized." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2008. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8027.

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Individuals perceiving stigma may be unwilling to seek support directly. Instead, they may use indirect strategies due to fear of rejection. Ironically, indirect seeking leads to unsupportive network responses (i.e., rejection). In Study 1, data collected from structured interviews of a sample of U.S. women in poverty (N = 116) showed that perceived poverty-related stigma was related to increased fear of rejection, which in turn partially mediated perceived stigma and indirect seeking. In Study 2, data gathered from structured interviews of a sample of U.S. abused women (N = 177) revealed that perceived abuse-related stigma was linked to increased indirect seeking, which in turn related to increased unsupportive network responses. By contrast, direct support seeking was related to increased supportive and decreased unsupportive responses.

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Hawkes, Candace L. "Effects of Imagined Social Rejection and Acceptance across Varying Relationships." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2011. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/12.

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Previous research (Tesser, Millar, & Moore, 1988) has shown that being close to one’s rejecter intensifies negative outcomes associated with rejection. Other research, however, has shown that people’s fundamental needs are threatened equally when they are ostracized by in-group members or despised groups (i.e., KKK members; Gonsalkorale & Williams, 2007), suggesting that perhaps acceptance by close others may not differ from acceptance by strangers. In this study, we examined the effects of imagined rejection and acceptance across varying degrees of relationship intensity (close other, acquaintance, or stranger). Participants who imagined being rejected by a close other reported higher depressed mood than those who imagined being rejected by an acquaintance or by a stranger and more hurt feelings than those who imagined being rejected by a stranger. Interestingly, those who imagined being accepted by a close other reported higher anxiety than those imagining being accepted by an acquaintance or stranger.

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Dandeneau, Stéphane Daniel Mulaire. "Toward breaking the vicious cycle of low self-esteem with rejection-inhibiting attentional training." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=103374.

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Self-esteem involves a variety of cognitive processes that help people perceive, interpret, and process social information. A central component of people's self-esteem is their sense of belonging and feelings of acceptance. It follows that people react strongly to social rejection and that being attuned to signs of real or potential social rejection can serve a self-protection function. However, being overly attuned and sensitive to social rejection can have a paradoxical effect, whereby aberrant attentional processes can contribute to the perpetuation of the vicious cycle of low self-esteem. The goal of the research presented in this dissertation was twofold: to investigate whether people with low self-esteem are more vigilant for rejection information, and to investigate whether a rejection-inhibiting attentional training task that reduces their vigilance for rejection can help buffer against social and performance threats. I hypothesized that people with low self-esteem are more vigilant for rejection information than for acceptance information. I also hypothesized that training people, particularly those with low self-esteem, to inhibit and disengage from rejection promotes effective regulation of emotions and has positive psychological, behavioural, and physiological effects. Results from the first study show that people with low self-esteem have a greater attentional bias for rejection than for acceptance information. Across 7 other studies, participants with low self-esteem trained to inhibit rejection with a specially designed attentional training task showed a lower rejection bias for rejection information, less feelings of rejection after overt rejection, and less ineffective persistence. Regardless of level of self-esteem, participants trained to inhibit rejection showed less interfering thoughts about rejection while working on a task, higher state self-esteem after having been rejected and experiencing failure, less stress about their final exam, increases in self-esteem and decreases in perceived stress after a stressful work week, lower levels of cortisol, and increases in sales performance. Following a vicious cycle framework of low self-esteem and social stress, these results show that attentional bias training can circumvent the experience of social stress and possibly break the vicious cycle of low self-esteem.

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葉煒堅 and Wai-kin Yip. "When personal preferences collide with social norms: the role of norm-based rejection sensitivity inaccentuating the impact of social influence." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B43756864.

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Wilson, Elizabeth, and Ginette Blackhart. "Does Engagement in Online Dating Lead to Greater Dating Success for Rejection Sensitive Individuals?" Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2019/schedule/86.

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Individuals high in rejection sensitivity have a lower rates of dating success and a lower probability of being in a romantic relationship, but could engaging in online dating improve the likelihood? The goal of this research is to determine whether individuals higher in rejection sensitivity indicate having more success in meeting potential romantic partners online when compared to meeting potential partners conventionally. It is hypothesized that individuals higher in rejection sensitivity will be more successful on first dates when initiated though online dating sites / apps rather than through more conventional ways of meeting potential romantic partners. An online survey was created asking participants to complete the Rejection Sensitivity Questionnaire to evaluate the level of anxiety experienced when faced with potential rejection, the Online Dating Inventory to assess engagement in online dating, and the Conventional Offline Dating Inventory, a measure created by the researchers to assess behaviors that allow the participants to meet possible romantic partners in every day life through non-internet activities. Success is operationally defined according to the goals participants had going into the date and whether or not that goal was achieved. Data collection is still ongoing; however, we expect to see significantly more success for participants higher in rejection sensitivity when initiating through online dating websites. To ensure external validity, data are being collected from two different articipation pools. Currently the survey is being administered through Sona to reach college students and these are the data that will be presented. The survey will also be uploaded to Amazon’s Mechanical Turk to reach older adults. If our hypothesis is correct, this would indicate that online dating may benefit those individuals who are high in rejection sensitivity as it could give them an alternative avenue to initiating romantic relationships and possibly finding success in those relationships.

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Yip, Wai-kin. "When personal preferences collide with social norms the role of norm-based rejection sensitivity in accentuating the impact of social influence /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2010. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B43756864.

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Feria, Lauren James. "Depression and Rejection: Investigating Whether Depressed Individuals are Rejected in Volunteer Selection Situations." Xavier University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=xavier1401192534.

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Lovell, Case E. "Letting the Outside In: Connectedness to Nature’s Buffering Effects Against Social Rejection." Oberlin College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oberlin1276018138.

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Lopez, Cristy Rene. "Peer victimization and rejection in early adolescence /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3036844.

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Andrews, Jennifer G. "A qualitative study to elucidate consumer rejection of the practice of coupon use." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10113252.

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Coupons are a marketing tool used to entice consumers to try a new brand or product in the hopes that they will then become loyal users after trial (Boundless, n.d.). Issuing coupons is a common practice for many businesses because it is relatively inexpensive to begin, and can be used for general advertising purposes in addition to attracting new customers. Digital coupons have been introduced in the last few years and their acceptance is growing, with redemptions in 2010 increasing by 10 times the 2009 rates and projected to increase exponentially with each year (Savings.com, n.d.).

Early coupon academic studies in the promotional literature examine profitability maximization through manipulating coupon characteristics or the coupon process such as the timing of release, length of expiration dates, amount of the cents-off, and other related monetary factors. Despite the ability to adjust coupon features to maximize revenue and redemption, the effect is not strong enough to generate the motivation required to elicit new use from non-users being targeted nor improve the overall low redemption rates.

Basic characteristics such as demographic and socioeconomic variables as well as some predisposing motivational characteristics have also been studied to predict coupon use. While some of these characteristics demonstrate differences between consumers who do and do not use coupons, characteristics provide little insight into why non-users choose not to coupon. Furthermore, the findings cannot be generalizable to the population as a whole when the redemption rate persists at 2%. With digital coupons a rapidly growing practice, it is important to determine whether or not this new coupon format might contribute to behavior change in current non- or infrequent users of coupons.

While most previous research has concentrated on characteristics of the consumer, characteristics of the coupon, and predisposing motivational constructs, this study examined why consumers rejected coupons by examining their narratives on the various stages of the coupon process to narrow down the factors contributing the most to deterring coupon use.

The Phase 1 study included 58 participants, 29 frequent users and 29 infrequent users. Participants completed a set of questionnaires measuring previously identified predisposing characteristics, given guidance on the selection of digital coupons loaded onto shopper loyalty cards and were provided with Sunday circulars. Each participant had 1 week to try and redeem the digital coupons and complete follow up questionnaires to determine any changes post-trial. Participants were invited to participate in 1 of 6 focus groups to determine themes related to the digital coupon trial.

The Phase 2 study included 10 individuals who participated in depth interviews focusing on the processes, motivations and decisions related to coupon use during grocery shopping. The interview was broken out into 5 stages: 1 is an ice-breaker introduction to the study; 2 involves rapport building and setting the tone; 3 is the depth interview that attempts to elicit understanding into the motivation, timing, and rationale behind rejection of coupon use; 4 presents some popular emerging technologies based on emerging applications of interest to the Association of Coupon Professional Board; and 5 includes a brief discussion of different type of coupon and verification.

Overall, , the consumer’s perceived purpose of the coupon is to save money through item cost reduction whereas from a marketing perspective the coupon is intended to entice consumers new to the brand or to encourage trial of a new product (Boundless, n.d.). This difference in perception could be a major contributor to the valuation process and resistance/rejection themes of infrequent users. Interestingly, very few infrequent users rejected the practice of coupons outright and were far more likely to resist or postpone the practice. More research should be conducted to identify when, how and why infrequent users re-evaluate coupons or try the process again.

Coupon industry members should review the coupon practice and make a decision to either abandon or overhaul the process as it currently does not provide value to either the manufacturers issuing the coupons or the consumers, even those actively using coupons. If the decision is to overhaul the practice then a decision should be made whether or not to adapt to the current perceptions that coupons are a means to reduce product price or re-educate consumers and industry members alike on the coupon as a means to solicit trial. Lastly, many of the existing apps do not address any of the coupon-related barriers, incongruities, or infrequent user needs. A disruptive technology is needed to change consumer perceptions, encourage coupon use and provide value added utility beyond just bypassing the coupon process to make the practice relevant in today’s mobile culture. (Abstract shortened by ProQuest.)

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Tuscherer, Taylor R. "Image Is Everything: Self-Presentation Following Social Exclusion." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1354562810.

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Jewell, Jennifer A. "ADOLESCENTS' GENDER TYPICALITY, PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING, AND EXPERIENCES WITH TEASING, BULLYING, AND REJECTION." UKnowledge, 2015. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/psychology_etds/77.

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The current study examined whether adolescents’ gender-based victimization experiences (i.e., teasing, bullying, and rejection) mediated the association between gender typicality and psychological well-being. The current study also investigated whether daily experiences with the three types of gender-based victimization negatively impacted adolescents’ immediate emotional reactions. Participants were 570 seventh and eighth grade students (49.5% boys, 50.5% girls). During four visits over the course of two weeks, participants completed surveys about their own gender typicality, their psychological well-being (i.e., depression, anxiety, self-esteem, and body image), their experiences with gender-based teasing, bullying, and rejection, and their emotional responses to experiencing this victimization. Results indicated that experiences with gender-based teasing, bullying, and rejection mediated the association between gender typicality and psychological well-being. In addition, adolescents with worse initial psychological well-being and who experienced more rejection reported experiencing more negative emotional responses after victimization. The implications of these findings are discussed.

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Maras, Melissa Ann. "An Evaluation of the Relationship between Peer Rejection and Reciprocated Friendships." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1118852983.

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Krueger, Eric A. "Rejection sensitivity in dysphoric college students accountng [sic] for daily changes in dysphoric and anxious symptoms, hostility, and reasurrance [sic] seeking /." Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1654497821&sid=3&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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McKee, Kaity M., Emma G. Fredrick, Stacey L. Williams, Sarah E. Humphrey, and S. L. LaDuke. "Expectations of Rejection and Support Seeking Among College Students With Stigmatized Identities." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8066.

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This project (1) examined the relationship between expectations of rejection and type of support seeking among college students reporting a stigmatized identity, and (2) explored differences in expectations of rejection and indirect support seeking by visible (e.g., minority race, overweight) versus concealable (e.g., mental illness, sexual identity) stigmas. Prior research has shown individuals expecting rejection are less willing to seek support or disclose stigmatized identities. This prior work has indicated individuals expecting rejection may seek support in indirect ways, which ironically contributes to rejection they encounter. Indirect support seeking does not include disclosure and is vague in its attempts to seek solace or advice. This project involved two studies, one that examined trait level expectations of rejection (i.e., rejection sensitivity or RS), and one that that examined state level expectations of rejection. Study 1 2016 Appalachian Student Research Forum Page 53 consisted of secondary analysis of data from an online study entitled “Perceptions of Identity among University Students”. 408 participants completed this study and received SONA participation credit in psychology courses. Of the total sample, 20% (n = 81) reported a stigmatized characteristic, while 31% of those with stigma was classified as visible (e.g., weight; race) and 69% was classified as concealable (e.g., mental illness). Results revealed no significant differences in RS between those with and without stigma (p > .05). Those with concealable stigmas reported more RS than those with visible stigmas (t = -3.15, p < .05), but RS was not significantly related to more indirect support seeking strategies (p > .05). Study 2 consisted of 147 college students with a stigmatized identity (41% visible, 59% concealable) that participated in an online letter writing experiment. College students were randomly assigned to one of three writing conditions: anticipating rejection, anticipating acceptance, and neutral. In all conditions participants were asked to type a letter to someone about an identity-related event. Expectations of rejection was manipulated by varying to whom participants wrote letters (someone they knew would be rejecting, accepting, or someone they did not feel strongly about). Letters were coded for indirect support seeking by two independent coders. Any discrepancies were discussed to consensus. Results showed a non-significant effect of letter writing condition overall. However, a significant interaction was indicated for those reporting a visible stigma. Specifically, those with visible stigmas used more indirect seeking strategies when expecting rejection. Considering both Studies 1 and 2, trait rejection expectations were not significantly related to indirect seeking for individuals with stigma. Although state rejection expectations of rejection were related to more indirect seeking among those with stigmatized identities, the impact of them may depend on type of stigma. In spite of those with concealable identities having more trait RS, those with visible stigmas may be more impacted by situations that call attention to their stigmatized identity and choose to seek support more indirectly. Still, future research is needed to address limitations of this work such as whether the support network from whom support is being sought are similarly stigmatized.

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Godfrey, Brianna Maria. "The Effect of Social Rejection on Anger, Shame, and Panic in College Students with Borderline Personality Traits." Xavier University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=xavier1499878082385509.

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Ebeid, Omar Randi. "The Effects of Labeling and Stigma on the Social Rejection of Striptease Performers." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2006. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5466/.

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This study uses survey data collected from a convenience sample of undergraduate students (N=89). A vignette survey design is employed to measure social rejection of striptease performers compared to a control group. Data is also collected on negative stereotypes held about striptease performers, which are correlated with social rejection. Link and Phelan's conceptualization of the stigma process provides the theoretical framework for this analysis. Findings suggest that striptease performers experience higher levels of social rejection and are perceived more negatively than the control group and that endorsement of negative stereotypes is associated with social rejection.

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Bassett, Ashley Mariah Sproul. "Factors Contributing to Premature Maternal Rejection and Its Effects on Offspring." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2010. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2567.

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Typically, rhesus mothers begin rejecting their infants' attempts to nurse when the infants are approximately three months of age in order to begin the process of weaning. A small subgroup of mothers begin rejecting their infants earlier, at one or two months of age, typically before infants seek and maintain independence from their mother. The effects of this early maternal rejection on the development of infants and some potential factors that contribute to premature maternal rejection were explored in this study. Infants who were rejected early were hypothesized to subsequently spend less time in positive contact with their mother, have lower activity levels, were groomed less by their mother and, as a consequence of the maternal rejections, display a higher frequency of aggression toward other group members when compared to infants experiencing maternal rejection after the age-typical, three months of age. Mothers who were primiparous and/or had a poor early-rearing experience were hypothesized to be more likely to reject their infants prematurely. Consistent with these hypotheses, infants who were rejected early spent less time on their mother's ventrum and were groomed less by their mother, suggesting that early maternal rejection may lead to less positive mother-infant interactions and a more distant mother-infant relationship. Infants rejected early were also more likely engage in aggression. Given the punitive nature of the maternal rejection, the results suggest that aggression is transmitted from mother to infant through their interactions. Prematurely rejected infants were found to spend significantly more time in a passive, withdrawn behavioral state. When assessing the causes of premature rejections, primiparous mothers were not more likely to prematurely reject their infants, indicating that premature rejection was not simply a lack of experience with an infant. There was evidence that the mothers engaging in early rejection had poor early-rearing experiences, with surrogate-peer-reared mothers showing more early rejections than those who were reared by an adult female, and with mothers who were peer-reared having higher rates of rejection overall. The present results suggest that early rejection is associated with more difficult mother-infant relationships and may lead to increased likelihood of aggression in infants.

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Chan, Hoi-kei Gloria, and 陳凱琪. "Rejection concerns accentuate effects of thin-ideal images on women's body satisfaction." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45986277.

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Morris, Sarah H. Benson Jennifer Yasinski Carly. "Narratives of romantic rejection the effect of implicit theories and self-esteem /." Diss., Connect to the thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10066/1565.

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Greenman, Paul S. "A multi-informant, longitudinal study of overt aggression, peer rejection, and school adjustment in Italian elementary school children." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/29217.

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This longitudinal, multi-informant study is an examination of aggressive behaviour and peer rejection as predictors of children's school adjustment over time. 524 children between the ages of seven and eight (272 boys, 252 girls) in greater Florence, Italy and their mathematics/science and language arts/social studies teachers participated in the investigation, which spanned 18 months. Following a review of the relation among children's aggressive behaviour, rejection from the peer group, their adjustment to school, and the Italian cultural context, analyses of hierarchical linear models indicated that children who were rejected by their peers generally liked school less, avoided school more, and performed worse academically over time than did children who were not rejected. The onset of peer rejection predicted a decline in academic performance in some cases. Peer rejection also forecast increased aggression in boys. Children who were aggressive avoided school more than nonaggressive children did. The present findings support the claim that peer rejection might be a pivotal contributor to the development of children's academic difficulties over time with aggressive behaviour, school avoidance, and school dislike as potential mechanisms of decline.

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Covington, Mark C. Jr. "Perceived Parental Rejection, Romantic Attachment Orientations, Levels of “Outness”, and the Relationship Quality of Gay Men in Relationships." Thesis, The George Washington University, 2021. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=28155952.

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This study examined the effects of perceived parental rejection in gay men and romantic relationship quality during the 2020 COVID-19 global pandemic,. Meyer (2003) noted several dimensions of minority stress that LGBTQIA+ individuals are at risk of experiencing, including discrimination based on their sexual orientation, internalizing negative societal attitudes about homosexuality, and expecting rejection due to their sexual orientation. Researchers have just started to identify protective factors that contribute to resilience among gay men (Goldfried & Goldfried, 2001; Holahan et al., 1994; Steinberg, 2001), and this study sought to add to that literature. Perceived parental acceptance has been found to be associated with improved well-being (Steinberg, 2001; Holahan et al., 1994), suggesting that relationships with parents or caregivers have effects well into adulthood. Yet, the literature has failed to examine the effects of early parental rejection and how current attachment styles may mediate past experiences and their effects on current relationship quality. The main goal of the current study was to examine whether recollections of past parental rejection were associated with relationship quality later in their adult intimate relationships (Cassidy, 2008). Outness to family, friends, and others and current attachment styles were assessed as mediating variables for the links between perceived parental rejection and relationship quality. A sample of 275 participants was recruited through Amazon Turk (MTurk), Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter. The mean age of participants was 31.05 years old (SD = 7.94), with a range of 18-65. The sample consisted of 93% of the sample identified as male, with the remainder identifying as transgender (4%), non-binary (0.7%), or other (2.2%). This diverse sample identified their race/ethnicity as either European American (41%), followed by African American (15%), Asian American (14%), Hispanic American (14%), American Indian, or Alaskan Native (12%), Other (4%), and Biracial (1%). The researcher conducted a multiple mediation analysis using Hayes (2018) PROCESS macro to examine the relationship between perceived parental rejection and relationship quality, with attachment anxiety, attachment avoidance, and outness as possible mediators. Consistent with the literature, perceived parental rejection from both mothers and fathers was associated with lower current relationship quality. Overall, the findings of the current study indicate support for attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance mediating the effect of perceived parental rejection on current relationship quality. Attachment Avoidance was found to be a stronger mediator of the relationship between perceived maternal rejection and relationship quality. Attachment anxiety was still a significant predictor, but not as strong when compared to attachment avoidance. Surprisingly in contrast with existing literature, results showed that outness is not a potential mechanism for how perceived parental rejection is related to relationship quality.

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Yip, Wai-kin, and 葉煒堅. "From vulnerability to resilience : multiple routes to social and self-acceptance as buffers of norm-based rejection sensitivity." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/206697.

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People with high norm-based rejection sensitivity have heightened anticipatory anxiety and expectation of rejection if they do not follow norms. Under threats of rejection (e.g., when personal preferences collide with group norms), they are more intended to conform to group norms to avoid social rejection (Poon et al., 2010). Thus, they are more susceptible to peer pressure for risk-taking behaviors and have less autonomy to make decision. Research also indicates that they derive their self-worth from external sources such as success in academic and work settings (Yip et al., 2009). Thus, they experience elevated anxiety for uncertain outcome and decreased self-esteem following failure. The purpose of the present research is to examine strategies that can alleviate the negative impacts of norm-based rejection sensitivity. Using a priming procedure, Study 1 experimentally examined the effects of promoting multiple routes to social acceptance. Participants of experimental group read stories of public figures who gained social acceptance through multiple routes such as ego strength and morals. Those stories reminded them that even if they did not follow group norms, they could still gain social acceptance through different virtues. After that, they indicated their reactions in some hypothetical scenarios involving threats of rejection and failure. As expected, those who read stories of public figures (vs. tourist spots) were less intended to conform under group pressure, more autonomous in deciding whether or not to conform, less anxious about the repercussions of non-conformity, and more inclined to expect social acceptance despite non-conformity. Since participants who read stories of public figures may still base their self-worth on social acceptance, Study 2 aimed to remind them that others’ approval was not required for one’s self-acceptance. Using the same priming procedure as Study 1, participants of experimental group read life stories of ordinary people whose self-worth was not contingent on others’ approval. Those stories could remind them that others’ approval was not required for one’s self-acceptance. Results showed that participants of experimental group were less intended to conform, more autonomous, and less anxious about the repercussions of non-conformity. Furthermore, they reported less decline in self-esteem following social rejection. In Study 2, those who learnt not to base their self-worth on others’ approval might be still susceptible to greater negative affect following failure in academic and work settings. Therefore, Study 3 went one step further to promote unconditional self-acceptance. Using the same experimental paradigm, participants of experimental group read a passage highlighting the idea that everyone is intrinsically valuable regardless of whether one is self-efficacious and popular. As expected, in additional to the aforementioned psychological benefits, participants being primed with unconditional self-acceptance were less anxious about failure, less likely to blame themselves for failure, and less likely to experience loss of self-worth following failure. The three experiments shed lights on the psychological mechanisms through which multiple routes to social acceptance and self-acceptance temporarily alleviate the negative impacts of norm-based rejection sensitivity. Further studies can examine whether continuous acceptance-based and mindfulness-based interventions have long-term benefits for people with high norm-based rejection sensitivity.
published_or_final_version
Psychology
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy

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Campbell, Sara. "Responses to group rejection: an investigation into the role of social networks /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe19234.pdf.

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Prentice, Paula R. "Dispositional mindfulness and cardiovascular reactivity to sensory rejection and sensory intake tasks." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10450/10754.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2009.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains v, 84 p. : ill. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 43-47).

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Quinn, Sara. "The interactive effects of chronic attachment anxiety and acute rejection on belonging regulation and relationship initiation behaviours." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=114544.

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Because individuals possess a fundamental need to belong (Baumeister & Leary, 1995), being rejected is an extremely aversive experience. Rejected individuals are motivated to alleviate their social pain and fulfill threatened belonging needs by seeking sources of affiliation. However, rejected individuals are also motivated to avoid further rejection, and may withdraw from social situations. Regulating threatened belonging needs creates an internal approach-avoidance conflict within individuals where they simultaneously desire to approach sources of affiliation, while avoiding painful rejection. A review of the belonging literature supports both motivational outcomes, showing how individuals can react pro-socially or with withdrawal, and sometimes even aggression, when belonging needs are threatened. I propose that individual differences, particularly in regards to adult attachment style, play an important role in determining how individuals resolve the approach-avoidance conflict inherent in belonging regulation. Chronic attachment insecurity may impede the belonging regulation process, as the approach-avoidance conflict may be especially amplified in the anxiously attached and suppressed in avoidantly attached individuals. Because initiating a romantic relationship can be a highly effective way to satiate belonging needs, but comes at a high risk for rejection, I examined how differences in attachment style influence how individuals cope with threatened belonging needs in the context of romantic relationship initiation. In one study, participants experienced either rejection or inclusion in a ball-tossing game, or were assigned to a control condition. They then viewed photographs of potential dating partners, and rated how interested they would be in dating each individual. Results showed that attachment anxiety was positively associated with the motivation to affiliate with the potential dating partners when individuals were not rejected in the ball-tossing game. But when highly anxious individuals were rejected, they expressed significantly less desire to affiliate with the dating targets. In contrast, low anxious individuals worked to fulfill threatened belonging needs by rating the dating targets as significantly more dateable following rejection. The effects of being included in the ball-tossing game did not significantly differ from the control condition, suggesting that it is rejection that is responsible for the changes in the anxiously attached's affiliative motivation. Attachment avoidance was unrelated to how individuals regulated belongingness in the context of relationship initiation. Exploratory analyses revealed that self-esteem was highly correlated with attachment anxiety, but the effects of attachment anxiety remained even when controlling for self-esteem, suggesting that anxious attachment has a distinct influence on belonging regulation. The results of the study demonstrate that attachment style plays an important role in influencing how individuals regulate belonging needs following rejection, and the literature would benefit from taking a closer look at how chronic attachment style interacts with acute threats to belonging to predict belonging regulatory behaviours.
Le rejet social étant une expérience extrêmement aversive puisque l'être humain possèdent un besoin fondamental d'appartenance (Baumeister & Leary, 1995), certains individus venant d'être rejetés sont motivés à soulager leur douleur sociale et combler leurs besoins d'appartenance en trouvant de nouvelles sources d'affiliation. D'autres peuvent être motivés à éviter un second rejet, décidant ainsi de se retirer des situations sociales. Lorsque les besoins d'appartenance d'un individu sont menacés, la régulation de ces derniers crée un conflit interne d'approche-évitement. Ainsi, à la suite d'un rejet, une personne peut à la fois désirer approcher des sources d'affiliation, et éviter un rejet douloureux. Une revue de la littérature montre d'une part que les individus peuvent réagir de façon prosociale ou agressive, et d'autre part qu'ils peuvent simplement se retirer des situations sociales. Je propose que des différences individuelles, telles que le style d'attachement adulte, jouent un rôle important dans la façon dont les individus ressoudent le conflit approche-évitement inhérent à la régulation des besoins d'appartenance. Un attachement insécure chronique pourrait entraver ce processus de régulation, étant donné que le conflit approche-évitement pourrait être particulièrement amplifié pour les individus avec un attachement anxieux et supprimé pour les individus avec un attachement évitant. Par conséquent, j'ai décidé d'examiner la manière dont les différents styles d'attachement adulte influencent la réaction des individus dont les besoins d'appartenance sont menacés en contexte de rencontre amoureuse puisqu'initier une relation amoureuse peut être un moyen très efficace pour assouvir ses besoins d'appartenance, mais présente également un risque élevé de rejet. Dans la présente étude, les participants étaient assignés à la condition de rejet ou d'inclusion par l'entremise d'un jeu de balle, ou au groupe contrôle. Ils devaient ensuite évaluer leur intérêt à rencontrer des partenaires potentiels en regardant des photographies de profile. Les résultats montrent que l'attachement anxieux est positivement associé à la motivation de s'affilier à des partenaires potentiels lorsque les individus n'ont pas été rejetés dans le jeu de balle. Toutefois, si ces personnes ont été rejetées durant le jeu de balle, ils expriment un désir nettement moins élevé de s'affilier à des partenaires potentiels. En revanche, suite à un rejet social, les individus peu anxieux tentent de combler leurs besoins d'appartenance menacés en indiquant qu'ils sont beaucoup plus intéressés à rencontrer un partenaire potentiel. De plus, la condition d'inclusion ne diffère pas significativement de la condition contrôle, suggérant que le rejet est à l'origine du changement de comportement d'affiliation des personnes anxieuses. L'attachement évitant n'est pas lié à la façon dont les individus régulent leurs besoins d'appartenance dans un contexte de rencontre de partenaires amoureux potentiels. Bien que des analyses exploratoires montrent que l'estime de soi est fortement corrélée à un attachement anxieux, les effets de l'attachement anxieux demeurent significatifs dans cette étude, même après avoir contrôlé pour l'estime de soi, ce qui suggère que l'attachement anxieux a une influence distincte sur la façon de réguler un besoin d'appartenance menacé. Les résultats de la présente étude démontrent que le style d'attachement joue un rôle important en influençant la façon dont les individus régulent leurs besoins d'appartenance à la suite d'un rejet, et les chercheurs gagneraient à examiner de plus près la façon dont le style d'attachement chronique interagit avec des menaces aigües d'appartenance afin de prédire comment les individus régulent leurs besoins d'appartenance.

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Benson, Jennifer Morris Sarah H. Yasinski Carly. "Growth in narratives of romantic rejection differences in self-esteem and implicit theories /." Diss., Connect to the thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10066/1565.

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Calhoun, Casey Dean. "Misperceptions of Social Rejection: A Closer Examination of Inter-rater Discrepancies." Scholar Commons, 2011. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3029.

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Previous research suggests that discrepant ratings of symptoms, behaviors, and competencies may have important implications for childhood adjustment. Consequently, several theoretical explanations regarding the meanings and implications of inter-rater discrepancies have been proposed. The current study examined several largely unexplored issues regarding the statistical and conceptual properties of discrepant ratings; these include heterogeneity of agreement, shared method variance, and direction-specific effects. In a sample of 384 seventh and eighth-grade adolescents, it was found that each of the issues is integral in the interpretation of significant relationships between discrepant ratings of social rejection and childhood adjustment variables. More specifically, results demonstrated that the influence of shared method variance appears to be largely related to heterogeneity of agreement, and that accounting for shared method variance can increase, decrease, or even change the direction of the relationship between discrepancy scores and other variables. Also, results showed that the magnitude of discrepancies can be unrelated, equally related, or differentially related to the adjustment variables for the different forms of bias. Altogether, the findings of this study have implications for the theoretical conceptualization and statistical analysis of inter-rater discrepancy scores.

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Downs, Deborah L. "State self-esteem reactions to rejection: An application of the sociometer model to women with and without eating disorder behavior /." The Ohio State University, 1997. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487946103566128.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Rejection (Psychology)'

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