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1
Childhood, youth and violence in global contexts: Research and practice in dialogue. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan, 2014.
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2
Kawabata, Yoshito. Cultural Contexts of Relational Aggression. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190491826.003.0017.
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Theories and models suggest cultural influences on children’s family and peer socialization. It is conceivable, therefore, that the development of relational aggression, which is a part of developmentally salient social experiences, may appear differently, depending on cultural contexts. The goal of this chapter is to summarize cross-cultural, international studies that have examined the development of relational aggression in various cultural contexts. Specifically, studies are reviewed that have evaluated psychometric properties of measures and have explored social-cognitive processes, peer relationships, victimization experiences, and psychopathology among relationally aggressive children and adolescents across cultures. Finally, developmental and clinical implications and directions for future research are discussed.
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Hopcroft, Rosemary L., ed. Oxford Handbook of Evolution, Biology, and Society. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190299323.001.0001.
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The Oxford Handbook of Evolution, Biology, and Society explores a growing area within sociology: research that uses theory and/or methods from biology. The essays in this handbook integrate current research from all strands of this new and developing area. The first section of this book has essays that address the history of the use of method and theory from biology in the social sciences; the second section has papers on evolutionary approaches to social psychology; the third section has chapters describing research on the interaction of genes (and other biochemicals such as hormones) and environmental contexts on a variety of outcomes of sociological interest; and the fourth section includes papers that apply evolutionary theory to areas of traditional concern to sociologists-including the family, fertility, sex and gender, religion, crime, and race and ethnic relations. The last section of the book presents two chapters on cultural evolution.
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How to Nurse: Relational Inquiry with Individuals and Families in Shifting Contexts. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2014.
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Contexts for Young Child Flourishing: Evolution, Family, and Society. Oxford University Press, Incorporated, 2016.
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Hopcroft, Rosemary L. Introduction. Edited by Rosemary L. Hopcroft. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190299323.013.1.
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This chapter provides an overview of The Oxford Handbook of Evolution, Biology, and Society. Chapters in the first part of this book address the history of the use of method and theory from biology in the social sciences; the second part includes chapters on evolutionary approaches to social psychology; the third part includes chapters describing research on the interaction of genes (and other biochemicals such as hormones) and environmental contexts on a variety of outcomes of sociological interest; and the fourth part includes chapters that apply evolutionary theory to areas of traditional concern to sociologists—including the family, fertility, sex and gender, religion, crime, and race and ethnic relations. The last part of the book presents two chapters on cultural evolution.
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Coyne, Sarah M., and Jamie M. Ostrov, eds. The Development of Relational Aggression. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190491826.001.0001.
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The Development of Relational Aggression provides a rich and detailed literature review on developmental processes associated with the perpetration of relational aggression (and related terms of indirect aggression and social aggression) across childhood, adolescence, and emerging adulthood (with a brief mention of relational aggression in adulthood). Relational aggression is defined as behavior that is intended to harm another’s relationships or feelings of inclusion in a group. Unlike physical aggression, the scars of relational aggression are more difficult to see. However, victims (and aggressors) may experience strong and long-lasting consequences, including reduced self-esteem, loneliness, substance use, eating pathology, depression, and anxiety. This volume begins by providing an overview of the field, including a discussion of definitions, developmental trajectories, methodology, and theoretical approaches. Additionally, the volume examines the biobehavioral and evolutionary processes associated with this type of behavior. The book also examines a number of risk factors and socializing agents and contexts (e.g., family, peers, media, school, culture) that lead to the development of relational aggression over time. An understanding of how these behaviors develop will help inform intervention strategies to curb the use of relational aggression in schools, peer groups, and family relationships, which are addressed in an extended chapter.
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Chassin, Laurie, Clark C. Presson, Jonathan T. Macy, and Steven J. Sherman. Cigarette Smoking from Adolescence to Adulthood. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190676001.003.0014.
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In this chapter, findings from a long-term, cohort-sequential, multigenerational study of cigarette smoking are used to illustrate the importance of a developmental approach for (1) understanding trajectories of smoking behavior (in relation to other forms of tobacco use) and the conditions and challenges of the developmental periods that show transitions in smoking status (particularly adolescent smoking onset and challenges for parents with adolescent children), (2) understanding heterogeneity in these trajectories because differing trajectories may have different etiological underpinnings as well as different implications for the intergenerational transmission of smoking, (3) recognizing that development unfolds within the larger context of societal and historical change and that societal change can influence outcomes, and (4) considering development within a family systems and multigenerational context.
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Marshall, E. Anne, and Kathryn Butler. School-to-Work Transitions in Emerging Adulthood. Edited by Jeffrey Jensen Arnett. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199795574.013.27.
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For emerging adults, embarking on a career is both exciting and daunting—social changes and globalization have yielded increasing opportunities together with increasing challenges. Planning and flexibility are essential for success. In this chapter, the authors examine how these changes have impacted educational and work transitions, beginning with a broad snapshot of workforce participation, followed by a discussion of globalization effects and labor market shifts. Relational and family influences are seen to be influential in the context of work and career decisions. They identify several issues of particular significance to emerging adults, such as rapid societal change, cultural influences, work expectations, and increasing demands for knowledge and skills. New pathways to work are described, along with the transitions experienced among special populations such as the economically disadvantaged, immigrants, and international students. Current research illuminates these opportunities and challenges and emphasizes the need for culturally appropriate and meaningful transition supports.
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Schimpfössl, Elisabeth. Rich Russians. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190677763.001.0001.
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This book looks at representatives of the top 0.1 per cent of Russian society: their stories, trajectories, ideas about life, and how they see their role and position at the top of Russian society. They are explored through their own stories: eighty interviews with multimillionaires and billionaires, and their spouses and children, conducted between 2008 and 2017. These people grew up and lived through a historically unique period of economic turmoil and social change following the collapse of the Soviet Union. When taken in a wider historical context, however, we see the repetition of a time-honored process whereby new money becomes respectable money. Rich Russians applies the sociological frameworks of Max Weber and Pierre Bourdieu in substantiating the claim that bourgeois Russians have acquired all sorts of cultural and social resources that help consolidate their power individually and as a group. They have elaborated more distinguished and refined tastes, rediscovered their family history, and begun actively engaging in philanthropy. Most importantly, they have worked out a narrative for themselves justifying why they deserve their elitist position in society—because of who they are and their superior qualities over others—and why they should be treated as equals by the West. This new, empirically grounded research helps us to understand the Russian bourgeois elite and its increasingly complex relations with Western societies.
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Silva, Ricardo Vieira. Projeto Arca: A solidariedade fortalecendo sonhos e esperanças em Altaneira-Ceará. Brazil Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31012/978-65-5861-083-0.
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The book “Arca Project: Solidarity strengthening dreams and hopes in Altaneira-Ceará” describes the history of two Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), known as Associação Raízes Culturais de Altaneira (ARCA) and Fundação Educativa e Cultural Arca (Fundação Arca), linked especially by the spirit of solidarity. While the Association, formed mainly by family farmers, works with income generation and solidarity economy projects, the Arca Foundation develops projects in line with local and regional education and culture. The work begins by portraying the path of Carlos Alberto Tolovi in a social project of struggle for housing in an old favela that was located near the center of São Paulo, when he served as a seminarian and also as a priest, trying to show how much this his path contributed to the formation of the Arca Project. After describing how ARCA has established, the author continues to present the evolution of the work carried out by the Association and the context that subsequently led to the creation of the Arca Foundation. The narrative of the history of these two non-profit entities, known together as Projeto Arca, refers to the discussion of key concepts that inspire collective work, the questioning of the reality of social injustices and inequalities that characterize capitalist society and represents the hope of a culture, where the dignity of human life and social relations are more important than the economic one, aimed mainly at maximizing individual profit.
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Stampfer, Shaul. Families, Rabbis and Education. Liverpool University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781874774853.001.0001.
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The realities of Jewish life in eastern Europe that concerned the average Jew meant the way their children grew up, the way they studied, how they married, and all the subsequent stages of the life cycle. The family and the community were the core institutions of east European Jewish society. These realities were always dynamic and evolving but in the nineteenth century, the pace of change in almost every area of life was exceptionally rapid. This book deals with these social realities. The result is a picture that is far from the stereotyped view of the past that is common today, but a more honest and more comprehensive one. Topics covered consider the learning experiences of both males and females of different ages. They also deal with and distinguish between study among the well off and learned and study among the poorer masses. A number of chapters are devoted to aspects of educating the elite. Several chapters deal with aspects of marriage, a key element in the life of most Jews. The attempt to understand the rabbinate in its social and historical context is no less revealing than the studies in other areas. The realities of rabbinical life are presented in a way that explains rabbinic behaviour and the complex relations between communities, ideologies, and modernization. The chapters look at the past through the prism of the lives of ordinary people, with some surprising.
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Bynner, John, and Walter Heinz. Youth Prospects in the Digital Society. Policy Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447351467.001.0001.
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Youth Prospects in the Digital Society In an age when the next generation have worse prospects than their parents, this book appraises the challenges that young people face resulting from the instability and uncertainty of their lives. Based on young people’s experience of education, training, employment, family life and political participation in England and Germany, the book examines the impact of digitalisation on identity in the context of rising inequality. The focus is on the effects of technological transformation, fragile European Union institutions, growing nationalism and mental and economic stress arising from the Covid-19 pandemic on youth transitions and the ever-present shadow of climate change. Such an uncertain context presents systemic challenge for the forms and effectiveness of youth policy in the different national contexts as addressed in each of the chapters that follows. Youth policy is shaped by such key issues as the future of vocational education and training in the digital society, job creation, family, political engagement and community life, the impact of social media and universal connectivity. The book argues that government should be under an obligation to ensure that every young person has access to the technical, economic, and educational resources needed to shape their personal transition to adulthood and acquire the capability needed to participate fully in the digital society.
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Sparrow, Joshua. Communities raising children together: Collaborative consultation with a place-based initiative in Harlem. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198747109.003.0014.
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The Harlem Children’s Zone® (HCZ) and the Brazelton Touchpoints Center engaged in ‘collaborative consultation’ to co-create early childhood and parent support programming. This collaboration is the story of a community coming together to reclaim and reconstruct environments for raising children and to connect adult caregivers to support each other in that process. A relational, developmental, strengths-based, and culturally grounded approach was employed to build mutual respect, trust, and understanding over time in authentic relationships required for shared learning, and for programme development and improvement. The inherent and culturally rooted strengths and resources of parents, and other family and community members mutually reinforced each other as contexts and conditions were created in which these caregivers could come together to activate their community’s collective problem-solving capacity, to share their dreams for their children, and to provide emotional support and concrete resources for each other.
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Henderson, Desirée. ‘The Impudent Fellow Came in Swareing’. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198814221.003.0009.
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This chapter examines the almost fifty-year-long diary written by Elizabeth Drinker, a Quaker woman residing in Philadelphia at the end of the eighteenth century. It argues that Drinker employed her diary as a tool to define the boundaries of her community, which included her immediate family and surrounding Quaker society. The focus of the chapter is on two moments in which Drinker represents and responds to the intrusion of a male stranger into her home and family, and the threats they present to the female members of her community, in order to explore her gendered understanding of belonging. Through the diaristic devices of naming and relational terminology, and by documenting space, movement, and social interaction, Drinker writes her community into being and grants herself the rhetorical authority to keep it safe.
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Wong, David. Confucian Political Philosophy. Edited by George Klosko. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199238804.003.0048.
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Confucianism is an ethics tied intimately with political philosophy. According to the text that is the most reliable guide to the teachings of Confucius, the Analects (Lunyu), he took the Mandate of Heaven (tianming) as a guide. The Mandate was formulated during the early period of the Zhou dynasty to justify the overthrow of the Shang dynasty and to legitimate the rule of the Zhou kings. The Confucian diagnosis of China's troubles suggests that the way out of the turmoil required a moral transformation led by the top ranks of Chinese society, a return to the virtue of the early Zhou kings. This article discusses Confucianism and its relation to political philosophy, the role of ritual in the cultivation of goodness, the concepts of ren and junzi, filial piety, the debate between Mozi and Mencius over filial loyalty versus impartial concern, family as the paradigm in a relational and communal conception of political society, the goodness or badness of human nature and its relation to morality, perfectionism and harmony, democracy, rights, and gender equality.
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Capp, Bernard. Fraternal Bonds. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198823384.003.0003.
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This chapter explores first the rights and responsibilities of male heirs in the landed class, and the reciprocal obligations of their younger brothers. The relationship was seen as founded on the concept of family solidarity and support. The chapter examines families where heirs took their responsibilities very seriously, and outlines the corresponding services provided by their siblings. But there was rivalry too, for younger brothers often accused heirs of failing to honour their obligations, and many heirs felt equally aggrieved, burdened by inherited debts and dismissing their siblings as idle and feckless. The chapter then turns to ordinary families, exploring practical support by brothers in such contexts as marriage, work, economic distress, and sickness. Other brothers sought to rescue siblings in physical danger or entangled in the law. The chapter demonstrates that informal support by siblings, hitherto rarely explored in depth, played a significant role in English society.
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Cohen, Richard I., ed. Sylvia Barack Fishman (ed.), Love, Marriage, and Jewish Families: Paradoxes of a Social Revolution. Waltham: Brandeis University Press, 2015. 340 pp. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190912628.003.0043.
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This chapter reviews the book Love, Marriage, and Jewish Families: Paradoxes of a Social Revolution (2015), edited by Sylvia Barack Fishman. Love, Marriage, and Jewish Families deals with topics that intersect Jewishness, religion, nationality, gender and sexual identities, and life course perspectives. It shows that Jewishness cannot be understood without intersectional analysis of its national and cultural context (illustrated by the United States and Israel), religious context, its temporal context, and its life course context. Fishman explores the ways in which the U.S. and Israeli contexts are significantly different with regard to Jewish families and family orientations; how childrearing among gay and lesbian couples entails different challenges than among heterosexual couples; the added dimension to combining work and family in the case of religiously observant families; and how the overwhelmingly secular outside society can serve to empower haredi women in a shift toward egalitarianism.
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Dearman, J. Andrew. Reading Hebrew Bible Narratives. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190246488.001.0001.
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The narrative traditions in the Old Testament/Hebrew Bible are classical and canonical accounts in Western society and can be interpreted as historical dramas, using multiple methods of literary and historical analysis. Chapters in the book include introductory discussions of literary approaches to historical narratives such as plot, theme, characterization, and semantics, as well as historical and cultural analysis of their ancient contexts. Each chapter emphasizes interaction with specific biblical texts, interpreting them in the context of ancient Israel’s national storyline, and encourages readers to approach them dialogically. Narratives for examination are drawn from the books of Genesis, Deuteronomy, Judges, Ruth, 2 Samuel, 1 Kings, Ezra, and Nehemiah. Texts from the books of Genesis and Ruth receive repeated attention, as does the topic of marriage and family in ancient Israel. This attention allows readers to see the same topic in various literary/historical settings and to engage similar texts with multiple methods.
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Morton, Jennifer. Moving Up without Losing Your Way. Princeton University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691179230.001.0001.
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Upward mobility through the path of higher education has been an article of faith for generations of working-class, low-income, and immigrant college students. While we know this path usually entails financial sacrifices and hard work, very little attention has been paid to the deep personal compromises such students have to make as they enter worlds vastly different from their own. Measuring the true cost of higher education for those from disadvantaged backgrounds, this book looks at the ethical dilemmas of upward mobility—the broken ties with family and friends, the severed connections with former communities, and the loss of identity—faced by students as they strive to earn a successful place in society. The book reframes the college experience, factoring in not just educational and career opportunities but also essential relationships with family, friends, and community. Finding that student strivers tend to give up the latter for the former, negating their sense of self, the book seeks to reverse this course. It urges educators to empower students with a new narrative of upward mobility—one that honestly situates ethical costs in historical, social, and economic contexts and that allows students to make informed decisions for themselves. The book paves a hopeful road so that students might achieve social mobility while retaining their best selves.
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MacGeorge, Erina L., and Lyn M. Van Swol, eds. The Oxford Handbook of Advice. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190630188.001.0001.
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Advice, defined as a recommendation for action in response to a problem, is a common form of interpersonal support and influence. Indeed, the advice we give and receive from others can be highly consequential, not only affecting us as recipients and advisors but also shaping outcomes for relationships, groups, and organizations. Some of those consequences are positive, as when advice promotes individual problem solving or enhances workgroup productivity. Yet advice can also hide ulterior motives, threaten identity, damage relationships, and promote inappropriate action. The Oxford Handbook of Advice provides a broad perspective on how advice succeeds and fails, systematically reviewing and synthesizing theory and research on advice from multiple disciplines, such as communication, psychology, applied linguistics, business, law, and medicine. Some chapters examine advice at different levels of analysis, focusing on advisor and recipient roles, advising interactions and relationships, and advice as a resource and connection in groups and networks. Other chapters address advice in particular types of personal relationships (e.g., romantic and family) and professional contexts (e.g., workplace, health, education, and therapy). Authors also consider cultural differences, advice online, and the ethics of advising. For scholars concerned with supportive communication, interpersonal influence, decision making, social networks, and related communication processes at work, at home, and in society at large, the Handbook offers historical perspective, contemporary theoretical framing, methodological recommendations, and directions for future research. The authors also emphasize practical application, offering clear, concise, and relevant “advice for advising” based on theory and research.
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Kozlova, Ekaterina E. Maternal Grief in the Hebrew Bible. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198796879.001.0001.
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This book explores the stories of biblical mothers who were placed at key junctures in Israel’s history to renegotiate the destinies not only of their own children, dead or lost, but also those of larger communities, i.e. family lines, ethnic groups, or entire nations. Since ‘rites in general are a context for the creation and transformation of social order’, these women used the circumstance of child loss as a platform for a kind of grief-driven socio-political activism. As maternal bereavement is generally understood as the most intense of all types of loss and was seen as archetypal of all mourning in the ancient Near East, Israelite communities in crisis deemed sorrowing motherhood as a potent agent in bringing about their own survival and resurgence back to normalcy. The book considers (1) modern examples of socio-political engagement among women that stems from child loss; (2) a survey of recent grief studies that identify maternal grief as the most intense and the most enduring among other types of bereavement; and (3) an overview of ancient Near Eastern cultures that viewed maternal grief as paradigmatic of all mourning and used ritual actions performed by mothers in contexts of large-scale catastrophes as mechanisms for dealing with a collective trauma. Against this background, the book discusses Hagar (Gen. 21), Rizpah (2 Sam. 21), the Tekoite (2 Sam. 14), and Rachel (Jer. 31), all of whom perform rites for their dying or dead children and exhibit a form of advocacy for society at large.