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Journal articles on the topic 'Relations – european union countries'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 29 July 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Babic, Blagoje. "Economic relations between Slavic countries." Zbornik Matice srpske za drustvene nauke, no. 128 (2009): 7–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn0928007b.

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Economic relations between Slavic countries are a taboo topic. This is a reflection of divisions in Europe, which have also been transmitted to the Slavic world. Although the aspiration for Slav unification has existed for centuries, Slavic peoples have been a part of a single community only once - and even then not of their own choice - in the Eastern Block, which emerged from the division of Europe after the Second World War. The decomposition of the Eastern Bloc was followed by the decomposition of the Slavic world as well, which became more disunited than ever before. Changes that have bee

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Elbashir, Rania. "LIBYA'S FOREIGN TRADE WITH EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES." MEST Journal 10, no. 2 (2022): 64–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.12709/mest.10.10.02.07.

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The subject of this empirical and theoretical work is the exchange of foreign trade in Libya with the countries of the European Union. The scientific objective of the research is to make a scientific classification of the volume of foreign trade between Libya and the European Union countries and to discover the factors that hinder foreign trade and explain them scientifically. European countries also support this cooperation and contribute significantly to the formulation of future cooperation policies with Libya in various social, political, and economic fields. However, this cooperation take

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Anlamassova, M. K., R. T. Japparova, and A. Zh Mukazhanova. "Soft power of European Union countries." BULLETIN of the L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University.Political Science. Regional Studies. Oriental Studies. Turkology Series. 145, no. 4 (2023): 8–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.32523/2616-6887/2023-145-4-8-18.

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There are two main diplomatic strategies used by states in International Relations: hard power and soft power. Hard power uses the tools of military force or other coercive strategies to achieve the desired result. Soft power, on the other hand, tries to achieve the desired result with persuasive tactics. In short, hard power uses force, while soft power uses charm and attractiveness or makes the other party do what you want.These days, political scientists and other experts have begun to emphasize the increasing effectiveness of using a combination of hard and soft power, or smart power. In I

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WOLNIAK, Radosław. "Quantitative relations between the implementation of industry management systems in European union countries." Scientific Papers of Silesian University of Technology. Organization and Management Series 2020, no. 142 (2020): 33–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.29119/1641-3466.2020.142.3.

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Larsson, Bengt. "Trade Union Channels for Influencing European Union Policies." Nordic Journal of Working Life Studies 5, no. 3 (2015): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.19154/njwls.v5i3.4809.

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This paper analyzes what channels trade unions in Europe use when trying to influence European Union (EU) policies. It compares and contrasts trade unions in different industrial relations regimes with regard to the degree to which they cooperate with different actors to influence EU policies, while also touching on the importance of sector differences and organizational resources. The study is based on survey data collected in 2010–2011 from unions affiliated with the European Trade Union Confederation and from below peak unions in 14 European countries. Results of the survey show that the ‘n

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Furåker, Bengt. "European trade union cooperation, union density and employee attitudes to unions." Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research 26, no. 3 (2020): 345–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1024258920933118.

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European trade unions have much to gain from cooperating with each other. Such cooperation does exist, but it is still fairly limited and many obstacles need to be overcome if cooperation is to be improved. According to our survey data, higher-level union officials regard differences concerning financial resources and national labour market regulations to be particularly substantial barriers to cooperation. The enormously varying union density across Europe, and its general decrease, also creates barriers. Therefore, employee attitudes to unions are examined using data from the International S

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Al-Jaberi, Prof Dr Sattar Jabbar. "Iraq and the European Union towards a Strategic Partnership." ALUSTATH JOURNAL FOR HUMAN AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 220, no. 2 (2018): 95–122. http://dx.doi.org/10.36473/ujhss.v220i2.487.

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The Iraq's relations with the European Union countries of the oldest and surest Iraq's foreign relations, in spite of the damage to those relationships during certain time periods, and sometimes degradation several considerations, they quickly return to normal, the importance of Iraq's strategy for European countries on the one hand, and interest in Iraq, the European its relations On the other hand . The EU played an important role in Iraq in the era after 2003, through important political relations with the Iraqi government, and try to achieve a real partnership in the political, econo

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Bondarenko, Lev-Oleksandr. "Urgent Social and Cultural Issues and Attitudes in the European Union Countries." Mediaforum : Analytics, Forecasts, Information Management, no. 13 (December 22, 2023): 210–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/mediaforum.2023.13.210-227.

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The purpose of the article is to consider the issue of multiculturalism policy in the European Union countries, as well as current socio-cultural problems and attitudes caused by migration and economic and social processes. The study analyses the influence of historical processes on the formation of ethnic groups, which, in the subsequent formation of European countries and their consolidation into the European Union, played and continue to play an essential role in the matter of regional politics. The study confirms that unsuccessful attempts to integrate immigrants into European society led

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Tkeshelashvili, I. "THE TENDENCIES OF DEMOCRATIC REFORMS IN THE EUROPEAN UNION AND SOUTH CAUCASIAN COUNTRIES." POLISH JOURNAL OF SCIENCE, no. 73 (April 16, 2024): 34–37. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10981270.

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The article looks at the modern-day relations between the European Union (EU) and the South Caucasus countries as well as, the trends of democratic reforms in the three countries respectively (Georgia, Azerbaijan, Armenia). The EU, as one of the most successful integration unions in the world, has rather multifaceted relations with the South Caucasian countries. The challenges in these relations were posed by the differing foreign policy orientations of all three countries. Over the years, the EU has been implementing a policy of close cooperation with the South Caucasian states within the fra

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Sydoruk, Marta. "MANAGEMENT OF THE EUROPEAN UNION CROSS-BORDER PROJECTS: THE EXPERIENCE OF THE VISEGRAD GROUP COUNTRIES AS A PROSPECT OF INTEGRATION FOR UKRAINE." International Journal of New Economics and Social Sciences 5, no. 1 (2017): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.2590.

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The present study aims to analyze the development of the European Neighbourhood Policy as a concept of relations between Ukraine and the European Union (EU). The paper starts with an overview of the Ukraine-EU relations and the outline of Ukraine’s reasons for seeking closer ties with the European Union. This article introduces shaping the Eastern dimension of the EU foreign policy as a result of cooperation with the European Union and enhancing of the European Neighbourhood Policy financial instruments.

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Yuriy., P. Bytiak, V. Yakoviyk Ivan, A. Getman Eugeniy, Y. Tragniuk Olesia, and S. Shestopal Sergey. "COOPERATION OF FORMER SOVIET UNION COUNTRIES AND UKRAINE WITH THE EUROPEAN UNION." Revista Científica Orbis, Especial Internacional (año 14) (May 4, 2023): 46–54. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7896892.

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This paper is focused on the development of conceptual approaches concerning the intensification of the military and political cooperation of eastern former Soviet Union countries and Ukraine with the European Union. The methodology of the research is based on the application of systematic research approaches to the analysis of the system of international relations. The analysis relates on the problems of cooperation between Ukraine and the European Union. Our finding shows that Ukraine should decide on the possibility of creating an inter-state defense and security union "Intermarium&quo

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Guseletov, Boris P. "THE EASTERN PARTNERSHIP PROGRAM IN THE POST-COVID PERIOD. KEY FEATURES AND FUTURE PROSPECTS." RSUH/RGGU Bulletin. Series Eurasian Studies. History. Political Science. International Relations, no. 2 (2021): 28–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2686-7648-2021-2-28-37.

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The article is dedicated to the analysis of the European Union’s Eastern Partnership program in the post-COVID period. It considers the main features of that program in modern conditions and further prospects for its de- velopment, taking into account the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic for the European Union and the countries participating in this program. The author analyzes the EU leadership attitude to the individual participants of the program and identifies priorities in relation to the various countries represen- ted in it. To overcome the social and economic consequences of the C

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Drzymała, Agnieszka. "European Union Foreign Direct Investment Outflows to ASEAN Countries." Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe 16, no. 1 (2013): 5–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cer-2013-0001.

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The paper analyses foreign direct investment outflows from the European Union to the ASEAN countries. The region of Southeast Asia is very important for the EU in terms of economic cooperation. Previous relations between the European Union and ASEAN countries laid the foundations and became the basis for subsequent business initiatives, first encompassing trade and later investment initiatives. Today the liberalisation of foreign direct investment (FDI) flows is taking place, which has a positive impact on the increase in exports of ASEAN countries and in turn affects the economic development

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Zlat, Milovanovic. "Balkans in the European Union." AICEI Proceedings 13, no. 1 (2018): 63–71. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4553896.

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In 2003, in Salonica, Balkan countries were told that “their future lies in the EU”. The Berlin process in 2014 provided a framework for a period of four years. In 2017, President Juncker, speaking of all non-EU Balkan countries except Turkey, estimated the first accessions would potentially take place in 2025! The Berlin process seeks to restore stability in the Balkans by leading to reconciliation. It includes new fact-finding commissions to establish the real facts in order to restore friendly relations, efforts to build economic links in transport and communication and new road

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Yunusov, Khaydarali. "BALANCED POLICY OF THE EU IN CENTRAL ASIA." International Journal Of Law And Criminology 03, no. 06 (2023): 38–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/ijlc/volume03issue06-07.

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This article is devoted to the relations between the European Union and the Central Asian republics. It discusses a number of internal and external factors that may affect the development of bilateral and multilateral relations. These factors force the European Union to pursue a balanced policy in the region. The success of the Union's policy in Central Asia depends on the stable maintenance of this balance. In this sense, the author likens the European Union to a tightrope walker performing a grand spectacle. The relations between the EU and Central Asia have a peculiar history and developmen

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Dolzhenkova, Ekaterina, and Anna Yu. Mokhorova. "Realization of the Interests of "Small States" in the European Union." Administrative consulting, no. 9 (165) (June 7, 2022): 29–39. https://doi.org/10.22394/1726-1139-2022-9-29-39.

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Over the past few years, there have been certain shifts in favor of the national agenda in the European Union. Similar divergences from the main goal of the EU are observed in the UK and Poland. The COVID-19 pandemic also revealed the mismatch between the interests of a united Europe and the national preferences of the participating countries. The purpose of the article is to determine the possibility / impossibility of realizing the national interests of “small states” — EU members in the formation and implementation of a single community policy. To achieve the goal, it is n

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Karimberdiyeva, Muxlisa. "COOPERATION WITH THE EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES: NEW OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE ECONOMY OF UZBEKISTAN." MULTIDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL: FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL 1, no. 3 (2025): 120–26. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15106247.

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This article examines the economic cooperation between Uzbekistan and the European Union (EU) and analyzes its impact on the Uzbek economy. The paper explores trade, investment, technological transfer, and economic policy relations between the European Union and Uzbekistan. Economic relations between the EU and Uzbekistan create new opportunities and play an important role in areas such as economic growth, job creation, and export diversification. The article also discusses the measures necessary to further develop this cooperation.

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18

Heinecken, Lindy. "Military Unionism and the Management of Employee Relations within the Armed Forces: A Comparative Perspective." International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations 26, Issue 4 (2010): 401–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/ijcl2010025.

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Many find the prospect of military unions totally inimical to the nature and functioning of the armed forces. Yet, a number of countries allow some form of military unionism, while others vehemently resist any form of independent union based on the premise that this undermines discipline, cohesion, and loyalty. This article examines how four different countries – the United Kingdom, Canada, South Africa, and Germany – have dealt with the issue of military unionism. The British Armed Forces, like many other English-speaking countries, have tended to approach employee relations from a typically

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Levandivskyi, O. T., R. I. Shchur, V. V. Matskiv, and I. V. Kokhan. "FINANCIAL FLOWS IN INTERNATIONAL TRADE AND ECONOMIC RELATIONS (UKRAINE – EU)." Market economy: modern management theory and practice 22, no. 1(53) (2023): 9–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/2413-9998.2023.1(53).288353.

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The article is devoted to the international trade and economic relations of Ukraine with the countries of the world. Considerable attention is paid to relations between Ukraine and the European Union (EU). Ukraine considers the way to EU membership. Attention is drawn to the European integration progress of our country, which is a natural consequence of Ukraine's independence. The most acceptable ways for regulation of relations in the area of international business activity are considered. The main goal of Ukraine is to create conditions for joining the community of developed European countri

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Mrs., Vidya Vijay Patil. "India Trade with European Union." 'Journal of Research & Development' 14, no. 16 (2022): 1–3. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7309055.

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<strong>Abstract </strong> In this research paper an attempt is made to study the India’s trade relations with European Union. The data for India’s exports to European Union and imports from European Union to the period twenty years (2000-01 to 2019-20) were compiled. Under the title of European Union, eighty percent countries are developed, therefore it is in the fitness of things that a detailed look should be taken at India’s trade with European Union, as India is in a great need of increasing its exports to European Union.

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AUBAKIR, Assima, and Tuleutay SULEIMENOV. "European Union and Central Asia: new trends of cooperation in current circumstances." Public Administration and Civil Service, no. 4 (December 30, 2020): 80–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.52123/1994-2370-2020-75-4-80-88.

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Determination of clear contours of European policy for Central Asia, which could satisfy the interests of both the European Union and the countries of the region, took quite a long time, and is still at the stage of forming common approaches to the implementation of mutually beneficial cooperation. The first program documents of the European Union in relation to Central Asia, called strategies, were to a greater extent only action plans aimed at maintaining its political and economic presence in the region. Meanwhile, the Central Asian countries are always interested in pragmatic interaction w

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Ishchuk, Yu A., K. V. Barchuk, and D. O. Oryshko. "Specifics of customs relations of Ukraine with european trading partners." Economic Bulletin of Dnipro University of Technology 82 (September 2023): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.33271/ebdut/83.057.

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Methods. The results of the study are obtained by applying the methods of synthesis and generalisation to study the legislative and practical aspects of customs cooperation, as well as to highlight the prospects for cooperation between Ukraine and the European Union in the field of trade. In order to scientifically address the identified issues, the author also used the methods of analysis and comparison to study the dynamics of Ukraine’s foreign trade in goods with certain EU countries; and the abstract and logical method to formulate conclusions. Results. The study analyses Ukraine's foreign

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Mary, Frei. "THE EUROPEAN PEACE FACILITY: YET ANOTHER IMPORTANT STAGE FOR THE EXTERNAL RELATIONS OF THE EUROPEAN UNION." JURISGRADIBUS 4 (January 7, 2025): 1–30. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14610266.

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<strong>Abstract: </strong>The present work aims to investigate the sector of external relations of the European Union and especially the common security and defense policy of the Union through a new important step, i.e the European Peace Facility, as a choice of the Union to help countries that find themselves in conflict. An exemplary example is the situation in Ukraine and how the European Peace Facility instrument has opened the way for the maintenance of peace and security based on the principles of the United Nations. Development cooperation within the external relations of the Union was

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Siskos, Evangelos, and Konstantia Darvidou. "Bilateral trade and tourism relations between the EU and BSEC countries." Problems and Perspectives in Management 16, no. 4 (2018): 91–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.16(4).2018.09.

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The European Union and the Black Sea Economics Cooperation countries are geographical neighbors and important trade partners. Greece, Bulgaria and Romania have a cross-membership in both organizations. The paper analyzes trends and structure of trade relations of the EU and BSEC countries. The EU trade with the 12 BSEC countries is about 640 billion dollars. The BSEC countries with the EU membership or a custom union with the EU have more intra-industry trade with the EU than other BSEC countries. International tourism is an important component of the trade in services between the regions. Fol

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Billet, Carole. "The European Union - Asean Countries’ Relations on Migration and Police Cooperation." Vietnamese Journal of Legal Sciences 12, no. 3 (2024): 62–74. https://doi.org/10.2478/vjls-2024-0020.

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Abstract Cooperation between the European Union and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations has many and increasingly varied dimensions. Migration and police cooperation are emerging as key areas of cooperation. These are sensitive areas, traditionally concerned with issues of sovereignty and internal affairs. For the time being, they are still in their infancy, but could be developed in the light of the opportunities for cooperation offered by the European Union to its partners. Looking at the instruments and methods used, the factors identified and the outlook, this contribution reveals a

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Okitashvili, David, and Tamar Gagnidze. "EU Cultural Policy and the European Space of Georgian Culture." Works of Georgian Technical University, no. 3(533) (September 26, 2024): 39–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.36073/1512-0996-2024-3-39-52.

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The issues of the formation of EU culture policy and its further development are important factors. In parallel with the political and economic integration of the European countries, the cultural integration of these countries is also taking place, because in the modern European countries, culture is the basis of the formation of not only the society, but also the national domestic policy. Cultural relations between EU member states have a significant impact on the development of interstate relations. Georgia's relations with the European Union in the field of culture are discussed.

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Beltrame de Moura, Aline, Naiara Posenato, and Beatriz Campuzano Díaz. "Editorial." Latin American Journal of European Studies 3, no. 1 (2023): 6–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.51799/2763-8685v3n1000.

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The Latin American Journal of European Studies (ISSN 2763-8685) is a publication of the Latin American Center of European Studies, created from the BRIDGE Project of Jean Monnet Network with funding from the Erasmus + Program of the European Commission. With a focus on the editorial lines on European Union Law and Policies and International Relations of the European Union with third countries and Latin America, the fifth edition of the Journal also has a thematic dossier on Private International Law in relations between the European Union and Latin America, organized by Beatriz Campuzano Díaz

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Polish, European Community Studies Association (PECSA) Warsaw (Poland). "The Eastern Partnership: A Policy Striving at Building Good Neighbourhoodliness?" Review of European Affairs 1, no. 2 (2017): 5–23. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14063483.

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The Eastern Partnership of the European Union, launched in 2008 on the initiative of Poland and Sweden, has the characteristics of a very complex policy addressed to three Eastern European countries – Belarus, Moldova and Ukraine, and to three South-Eastern European countries – Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia. Te complexity of relations rises from the geographical, historical and geopolitical backgrounds. At the same time, these relations are imbued with various complications of internal and external nature. Considering these unusual, but present, complications, the article makes a

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Turner, Thomas, and Daryl D’Art. "Public Perceptions of Trade Unions in Countries of the European Union." Labor Studies Journal 37, no. 1 (2012): 33–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0160449x11429266.

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LEVANDIVSKYI, Omelian, and Mykhailo IVASYSHYN. "FINANCIAL BENEFIT IN TRADE AND ECONOMIC RELATIONS BETWEEN UKRAINE AND THE EU." Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University. Economic sciences 314, no. 1 (2023): 239–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5740-2023-314-1-36.

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The relevance of the research topic is accompanied by the importance of generalization and scientific substantiation of certain aspects of the functioning of trade and economic relations between Ukraine and the European Union, the place of the state in modern global processes with the aim of drawing lessons and outlining further tasks of state building and highlighting problematic issues and features of the country’s current state. The article describes the stages of the formation of relations between Ukraine and the European Union, examines the state, problems and prospects of the implementat

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Reskiyah, Emy Sri. "Economic Interdependence between Norway and The European Union Compared to Switzerland and The European Union." Global Political Studies Journal 7, no. 1 (2023): 70–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.34010/gpsjournal.v7i1.8697.

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Norway and Switzerland have a history of being part of the European Union (EU) and eventually opting out. Though, as a part of the European Economic Area allows Norway to integrate and participate with the EU’s single market. Similarly, Switzerland can participate in and access the European single market through a set of bilateral agreements with the EU. Consequently, both countries must accept a set of rules by the EU. This paper aims to compare and examine the bilateral relations maintained between Norway and the EU compared to Switzerland and the EU in the field of economic cooperation name

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Khairunnisa, Meyfitha Dea. "Ekspor Sampah Uni Eropa ke Indonesia sebagai Bentuk Eco-Imperialism." Transformasi Global 8, no. 2 (2021): 108–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jtg.008.02.2.

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Environmental policy has become an important aspect of reviewing international relations environmental issues. The European Union is a regional institution that has been very active in international environmental cooperation. However, at the same time, the European Union is one of the largest waste exporters to countries in Asia, including Indonesia. Waste export is a free trade mechanism that allows developed countries to send waste to developing countries to be processed as industry materials. This then becomes contradictory to the commitment of the European Union in promoting environmentall

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Valeeva, R. A. "Development of Сooperation Between Kyrgyzstan and the European Union at the Present Stage". Post-Soviet Issues 6, № 3 (2019): 288–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.24975/2313-8920-2019-6-3-288-296.

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After the collapse of the USSR, the West received favorable conditions for promoting its geopolitical interests. Accordingly, the European Union began to establish relations with the countries of Central Asia. The EU policy in Central Asia in the early 90s of the twentieth century is characterized by the fact that Brussels concentrated its efforts on the allocation of economic assistance, the promotion of democracy and market relations. The EU policy in the Central Asian republics was based on cooperation and partnership Agreements signed with the leadership of the countries of the region. The

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Vinogradova, Elizaveta Andreevna, and Marina Vladimirovna Kuznetsova. "Transregionalism in relations between Latin America and the European Union." LAPLAGE EM REVISTA 7, Extra-B (2021): 297–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.24115/s2446-622020217extra-b923p.297-304.

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Nowadays the globalized world faces new challenges, for instance, trade and economic contradictions between the main actors of the world politics (the USA and China, the USA and the EU). Amid this situation, Latin America could play the card, add momentum to the cross-regional contacts and considerably benefit from it. Fostering relations with the EU serves the national interests of Latin American countries, since the EU investment and technologies can be the tools to modernize the economy. The EU is the leader in implementing harmonization between regions. The relations between the EU and Lat

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Naryshkin, Andrey. "European Union – Geopolitical Rival or Key Partner of Russia?" Scientific and Analytical Herald of IE RAS 22, no. 4 (2021): 96–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.15211/vestnikieran4202196104.

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European countries have traditionally been Russia’s key economic partners. Mutual interest is based on geographical proximity, historical ties and also by the complementarity markets. Mutual sanctions spread over recent years has called into question Russia – European Union partnership and cooperation established by Agreement in 1994. This article reviews the current status of Russia – EU and its member states relations. Also the article contains analysis of mutual trade, economic and investment cooperation, economic and diplomatic ties of partners during periods of mutual rapprochement (befor

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Stanković, Marko, and Zoran Krstić. "Perspectives of Serbian-Albanian relations in the light of the "Open Balkans" initiative." Nacionalni interes 45, no. 2 (2023): 113–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/nint45-44419.

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The paper aims to show the possibilities and perspectives of improving Serbian-Albanian relations through the establishment of the "Open Balkans" project. Confrontation policies enabled the creation of inter-ethnic intolerance and provided support to political elites, leading these societies in the direction of conflicts and rejection of mutual cooperation. In the era when Serbia and Albania are trying to become part of the European Union, there are numerous obstacles and a lack of support from European countries on this path. Accordingly, these countries initiated regional political and econo

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Darmayadi, Andrias, and Nikolay Megits. "The impact of the Russia-Ukraine war on the European Union economy." Journal of Eastern European and Central Asian Research (JEECAR) 10, no. 1 (2023): 46–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.15549/jeecar.v10i1.1079.

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This study aims to see the impact of the Russo-Ukrainian war on the European Union economy. It uses a qualitative descriptive method. This method answers research questions requiring an explanation and understanding of social activities due to the war. In this descriptive research, we evaluate aimed to evaluate the impact of the Russo-Ukrainian War on the European Union Economy. The results of this study indicate that the European Union's economy was greatly affected by this war, starting from the disruption of trade relations between Russia and the European Union in all fields, especially in

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Karasayev, Ganiy M., Zhandos N. Zhaxygeldinov, Bekmurat R. Naimanbayev, Alima M. Auanasova, and Gizatulla Kh Khalidullin. "History of European Union–Kazakhstan relations (1991-2001)." Cuadernos Europeos de Deusto, no. 68 (April 27, 2023): 183–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.18543/ced.2702.

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Diplomatic, economic and other relations between the Republic of Kazakhstan and the European Union have been officially established since 1993. Such interaction between Kazakhstan and the European Union has been effective for both sides. The aim of this research is to consider the economic, political, diplomatic and cultural relations between the European Union and Kazakhstan, as well as to propose recommendations for countries that are just beginning relations with the Union. The creation of a single dense economic and currency space on the European continent, the expansion of the Union, a st

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Lazowski, Adam. "Enhanced multilateralism and enhanced bilateralism: Integration without membership in the European Union." Common Market Law Review 45, Issue 5 (2008): 1433–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/cola2008097.

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Over the years the European Union and the European Communities have developed political and legal relations with third countries. Yet, legal integration with third countries without their membership in the club is a relatively new phenomenon employed, inter alia, in the relations with the EEA countries, the Swiss confederation and countries of Western Balkans (within the framework of the Energy Community). To reflect the nature of these new frameworks in the field of external relations, the notions of “enhanced multilateralism” and “enhanced bilateralism” are used. Arguably, the shared legal f

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Kovačikova, Hana. "Western Balkans Regional Common Market: What lesson can be taught from EEA?: A case study of public procurement." Strani pravni zivot, no. 4 (2020): 133–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/spz64-29635.

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The European Union pursues on the international scene to safeguards its values, support the rule of law, foster the sustainable economic, social and environmental development and support the integration of all countries into the world economy including through the progressive abolition of barriers on international trade. Trade agreements are used as an effective tool to this end. Within its present external action, European Union tries to cover its trade relations regionally homogenously. Through regionally homogenous trade agreements, Union can export its values, principles, and rules easier,

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Elistania, Elistania, Farandy Nurmeiga, and Agung Permadi. "Strategy To Strengthen Cooperation Between The European Union And The Mediterranean Countries Through The Union For Mediterranean (UfM)." Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional 21, no. 2 (2019): 242. http://dx.doi.org/10.7454/global.v21i2.398.

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The European Union is an example of regional cooperations that represents regional identity. In the midst of the process of integration and expansion of membership, the European Union has an interest in building good relations with non-member countries in the immediate region, including the Mediterranean. The process of establishing cooperation between the European Union and the Mediterranean countries continues to change. The Euro-Mediterranean Partnership (EMP) in 1995 was the place for regional cooperation with most member countries and had a well-structured pillar of cooperation. However,

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STOIKA, Viktoriia. "Problems of Ukraine’s integration into the European Union." Scientific Papers of Silesian University of Technology. Organization and Management Series 2020, no. 146 (2020): 469–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.29119/1641-3466.2020.146.33.

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European integration and the identification of obstacles to full membership in the European Union. Design/methodology/approach: The methodological and theoretical basis of the article is the fundamental provisions of economic theory, the works of scientists and economists in the field of international economic relations and integration. Findings: The article explores the problems of Ukraine’s integration into the EU. The study analyzed the attitude of Ukrainians towards European integration, identified the main arguments for and against accession to the EU countries, as well as the main intern

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Khairunnisa, Meyfitha Dea. "Ekspor Sampah Uni Eropa ke Indonesia sebagai Bentuk Eco-Imperialism." Transformasi Global 8, no. 2 (2021): 143–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jtg.2021.008.02.3.

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Environmental policy has become an important aspect in reviewing environmental issues in international relations. The European Union is a regional institution that has been very active in international environmental cooperation. However, at the same time the European Union is one of the largest waste exporters to countries in Asia, including Indonesia. Waste export is a free trade mechanism that allows developed countries to send waste to developing countries to be processed as industry materials. This then becomes contradictory to the commitment of the European Union in promoting environmenta

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Drzymała, Agnieszka. "Economic Cooperation Between The European Union And Japan." Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe 20, no. 2 (2017): 129–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cer-2017-0016.

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The aim of the paper is to show the history of economic relations between the European Union and Japan. This economy is very important to the EU and the countries of the EU are interested in further deepening areas of cooperation. Therefore it seems important to indicate the political will to continue mutual economic relations through the signing of contracts and bilateral agreements, as well as meetings at various levels, including SPA and EPA negotiations and summits. The course of the current economic cooperation will be shown through trade volume and foreign direct investment outflows from

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Oosterhof, Albert. "Legal Aspects of the EU Enlargement Negotiations." Leiden Journal of International Law 7, no. 2 (1994): 73–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0922156500002983.

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The recently concluded enlargement negotiations between the European Union and four applicant countries -Austria, Sweden, Finland and Norway-have so far been the last in a series of intensive negotiating efforts since the conclusion of the Treaty on the European Union (EU), the Agreement on the European Economic Area (EEA), the European Agreements with the Central and Eastern European countries and the conclusion of the Uruguay Round.

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Shubenkova, Ksenia, and Karine Ignatova. "The Legal Regulation of Interethnic Relations in the European Union." Legal Concept, no. 4 (December 2022): 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/lc.jvolsu.2022.4.7.

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Introduction: The European Union is ethnically diverse and this factor can both positively and negatively influence the processes of regulation of interethnic relations. The European experience shows that it is impossible to avoid the emergence of inter-ethnic tension, the manifestation of xenophobia or discrimination, but they can be effectively combated. The main purpose of the work is to systematize the result obtained and, on its basis, to reveal the structure of the system of sources of legal regulation of interethnic relations in the European Union. Methods: the methodological framework

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Serban, Florica Mioara, and Carmen Elena Stoenoiu. "The Analysis of Government Expenditures in the European Union." Problemy Ekorozwoju 15, no. 2 (2020): 143–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/pe.2020.2.15.

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This article analyses data on general government expenditure, at the level of the European Union (EU 28) according to the Classification of the Functions of Government – COFOG over the 2008-2017 period. Data shows that the expenditures increased at the beginning of the economic crisis in all EU countries, being followed by a slowdown in expenditures growth. All countries have adopted policies in order to reduce government expenditures towards the end of the period, aiming to increase their efficiency. Usually in high-income countries, compared with low-income countries, government expenditures

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Lopandic, Dusko. "European Union in the new international surroundings." Medjunarodni problemi 60, no. 2-3 (2008): 199–225. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/medjp0803199l.

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The author analyses the development of EU in the new international surroundings during the last decade, also exploring the development of the European Security and Defense Policy (ESDP). The first part treats the changes in international relations, the role of USA and the NATO evolution. With the changes in international relations that are characterized by the relative weakening of USA, the rise of the powers such as China and Russia as well as the process of globalization within the multipolar frameworks, the European Union and its members states are facing the problem of adjusting to the new

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Dudauri, Tamar. "REGULATION OF LEGAL MIGRATION FROM GEORGIA TO EU COUNTRIES AND INTEGRATION INTO THE LABOR MARKET." International Journal of Social Science and Economic Research 07, no. 12 (2022): 4017–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.46609/ijsser.2022.v07i12.018.

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Migration processes have become not only an important factor in modern international relations, but also have a serious impact on the state's domestic policy. In addition to combating illegal migration, protecting borders and providing asylum, an integral part of migration policy is also regulation of legal migration channels, including labor migration. Effective management of legal migration is in the common interest of EU member states and the EU as a Union. The paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the stages and principles of the formation of the supranational component of the regulat

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Drastichová, Magdaléna. "Sustainability Evaluation of the European Union based on the Ecological Footprint." Acta Universitatis Bohemiae Meridionalis 19, no. 1 (2016): 30–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/acta-2016-0008.

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Abstract Recent production and consumption activities impose a heavy burden on the Earth's current and future capacity. Therefore, it is inevitable to deal with the impacts of the economic activities on the natural resources which determine our future well-being and the survival by itself. The indicators reflecting impacts of regions and countries on the available resources are used in this Paper to operationalize the sustainable development concept. The Ecological Footprint, Total Biocapacity and their components are investigated in the European Union (EU) and its countries and the EU region

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