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Academic literature on the topic 'Relations homme-animal – Aspect psychologique'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Relations homme-animal – Aspect psychologique"
Nadeau, Julie. "Les relations entre l'attachement à un animal de compagnie, le bien-être subjectif et le soutien social des personnes présentant un problème de santé mentale." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25286/25286.pdf.
Full textThe purpose of this dissertation is to demystify the role played by pets in individual well-being and social support to adults with mental illness. To this end, results from qualitative (n=7) and quantitative (n=20) data were collated for comparison with Weiss’ social provision theory (1974). This study highlights the fact that much like a continuum, pets are relationship surrogates whose importance fluctuates according to a person’s social needs. Thus, persons benefiting from less social support show a greater degree of attachment to their pets, since the animals give them emotional support and an opportunity to feel useful. This role is considerably less significant among persons benefiting from adequate social support, in such cases the pet’s role is restricted to more utilitarian functions.
Lansade, Léa. "Le tempérament du cheval : étude théorique : application à la sélection des chevaux destinés à l'équitation." Tours, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOUR4005.
Full textTemperament is defined as a set of behavioural characteristics which are stable over time and across situations, called “traits”. This stability means that, to a certain extent, the behaviour of the individual is predictable. By testing the stability of behavioural responses in various situations and over time (between 8 months to 2. 5 years of age), we identified four temperamental traits, which are relatively or totally independent of each other: fearfulness, social motivation, responsiveness to humans and locomotor activity. For each of these traits, we developed a set of standardised tests and identified the most appropriate behavioural indicators to characterise them. The second part of the study examined the ontogeny of temperament at a young age (between 3 and 24 weeks), particularly that of fearfulness and responsiveness to humans. This work showed that these traits are not expressed through specific behaviour at a very young age but appear progressively with time. Thus, it is not possible to predict temperament in very young foals. However, once a foal expresses a particular response, this remains stable over time and is therefore predictable. The third part of the study investigated the influence of genetics and environmental factors on temperament development. The study of genetic factors showed a sire and a sex effect on most of the traits previously identified. In particular, males were more fearful, more responsive to humans, less active and had weaker social motivation than females. The study of environmental factors showed that early experiences, such as foal handling, can have persistent effects on certain aspects of temperament, but only if they are present during particularly sensitive periods, such as weaning. The final part of the work identified the relationship between the temperamental traits previously identified and the horse's suitability to be used for leisure or sport. From a practical point of view, this means that foals to be used as adults can be tested as early as 8 months to predict their behavioural qualities
Poli, Gaël. "Écologie sociale du milieu familial et handicap : la relation entre la mère et l'enfant présentant un Trouble du Spectre de l'Autisme." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU20065/document.
Full textAutism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) involve a significantly different developmental prognosis depending on severity and associated disorders. Relationship difficulties, inadequate behaviours and the specific needs of the child have implications on family functioning and affect parents' experiences. This situation generates significant stress that can potentially undermine parental cohesion, affect parent-child interactions, impair parenting, and lead to lessened perceptions of the quality of family relationships. Considering the social ecology of the family environment allows us to question the relationship between the family climate perceived by mothers, evaluated by the IRF (LARIPE, 1989), and the perceived maternal stress, measured by the ISP/FB (Bigras, LaFrenière and Abidin, 1996), taking into account the singularity of disability, namely autistic disorder severity, determined by the EEAI (Rogé, 1989), and the coexistence of a language disorder and/or an associated intellectual impairment defined by medical diagnosis realized prior to study.Language competence has a high impact, both on the age of parental alert and age of diagnosis by professionals, and is strongly associated with the severity of autistic disorders evaluation (N=65). Depending on the level of perceived maternal stress, using a cluster analysis based on the dimensions of ISP/FB, the quality of family relationships differs significantly. The most stressed mothers perceive the family climate as more confrontational. By considering maternal experience at the eco-systemic level rather than dyadic, an ecological intervention by integrating a MIRA Foundation (Quebec) assistance dog into the family group (n=24) produced a concomitant decrease for maternal stress related to management of child's difficult behaviours and for severity of autistic disorders. In absence of differences in the first measurement time with mothers waiting for service (n=26), mothers in families with a dog are less stressed both overall, than for interactions and for education of the autistic child. They also perceive a more favourable relationship climate. Results obtained highlight the contribution of animal mediation to improving the quality of life of all members in the microsystem, particularly on intra and extra-familial interactions facilitation
Louis, Sandrine. "Interactions homme-faune sauvage : la marmotte alpine (Marmota marmota)." Lyon 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LYO10304.
Full textGouabault, Emmanuel. "La résurgence contemporaine du symbole du dauphin : approche socio-anthropologique." Montpellier 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON30022.
Full textSince the 1950’s, the western societies have been observed to develop an ongoing and growing interest for the dolphin. The image of this cetacean is indeed so widely spread, notably in France, that it warrants an analysis in terms of it being a phenomenon of the society. However, in the context of the first part of our research structured around the socio-anthropology of this animal, the man-dolphin relationship would have to be envisaged by means of its different manifestations, both historical and cultural. Thus a zoohistorical study of our representations of this marine mammal reveals their primary connection to the Minoan, Hellenistic and later Roman cultures. At a later stage, after having represented Christ among the early Christians, the dolphin ceases to appear as anything more than simply a distant and random association through the pages of History. On the other hand the application of anthropological comparatism renders evident the specificity of different socio-cultural imaginaries. A homological analysis has unveiled the permanence of structures and grand images which establish in their entirety a system of symbols based on the dolphin. The second part of this thesis, enforced by precedent results, refocuses on the postmodern societies and France in particular. After having identified the contemporary stages of the dolphin phenomenon, we have described, employing a mythanalytical approach, the imaginary and archaisms that have facilitated its emergence. This phenomenon acts as the promoter of certain values. The structural opposition dolphin-shark, the evolutionary imaginary, the existence of dolphinaria and the wide practice of dolphin-therapy, constitute the principal axes of a dolphinian mythology in practice. This analysis enables us to attain certain conclusions notably on the function of a socio-anthropological revealer, the bearer of which is this animal of choice, the dolphin
Chapouthier, Georges. "Essai de définition d'une ethique de l'homme vis-à-vis de l'animal." Lyon 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LYO31010.
Full textIn the present study, we have attempted to define, in the light of present-day knowledge, the ethics of the relationship of man towards animals. An analysis of the present relationship between man and animals -- domestication, savage games or meat diet-- as well as an analysis of this relationship throughout history and in the great religious or philosophical traditions, have led us to emphasize a gradual emergence of a way of thinking favourable to animals. However a major problem remai- -ned unsolved, the problem of experiments on living animals, in which the well-being of man and that of animals seemed to be completely opposed. The definition of the very status of man, in the light of present-day knowled- -ge, has led us to the negation of a philosophical gap between man and (other) ani- -mals and to the definition of two main finalities for our species : science and ethics. We have defended the primacy of ethics over science, almost accepted as re- -gards experiments on man, and which could be profitably applied to experiments on animals. Such a zoophilist philosophical stance includes (and goes beyond) the tra- -ditional humanist stance. This stance can be best expressed by the movement in favour of animal rights, which guarantees rights to animals and, at the same time, attempts to solve con- -flicts or rights between species-- such as the conflict concerning animal experi- -ments-- through a practical approach confronting science and ethics
Mouret, Sébastien. "Le sens moral de la relation de travail entre hommes et animaux d’élevage : mises à mort des animaux et expériences morales subjectives d’éleveurs et de salariés." AgroParisTech, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AGPT0045.
Full textThe moral sense of the working relation between men and animals is an essential stake in the contemporary redefinition of the activities of breeding, more particularly industrial systems of animal production. Breeders and workers are facing new social expectations, such as sparing animals sufferings, and moral interrogations on the legitimacy of the humans to kill animals in order to feed themselves. In industrial systems, the destruction of economically unprofitable animals (referred to as "euthanasia") represents a large part of the workers’ activity, and raise the question of their autonomous moral judgment. But the ethical theories of animal protection that became highly influential do not take a look at the subjective moral experience of men and women facing the killing of their animals, whether for euthanasia or food production. This dissertation leans on the theoretical frames of moral sociology and the French psychodynamics of work, as well as on empirical studies on French breeders and Quebec workers in pig production. It demonstrates that the sense given by these actors to their working relation with animals has a moral dimension, which is precisely deteriorated under the influence of industrial forms of work organization. The practice of the euthanasia requires a virtuous moral disposition: courage. In industrial systems this virtue degrades in the adoption of virile behaviours. Raising animals is showing them gratitude, by giving them “the good life” which recognizes them as beings who give life to human people. In industrial systems this particular exchange of gifts is corrupted
Lebouc, Marie-France, and Marie-France Lebouc. "La construction de l'altérité en contexte marchand : le cas de l'animal." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/17905.
Full textPourquoi celui qui me fait face est-il un Autre au sens éthique du terme? Pourquoi son statut moral peut-il parfois osciller d’autrui à simple objet? Vivre, pour un humain, c’est être lié à autrui par un lien particulier : un lien éthique. Ce lien se compose de deux termes, moi et l’Autre, et, entre eux, de la distance éthique, qui ne se déploie pas dans un espace euclidien. Cette distance est plutôt une action, que j’appelle « bonne distanciation ». De plus, elle relève en priorité de la conscience pratique et non de la délibération discursive. Que devient le lien éthique quand ce qui me fait face n’est pas humain? Depuis une trentaine d’années, les philosophes travaillent sur la question de la valeur intrinsèque de l’environnement. Leurs réponses se classent en quatre catégories, anthropocentrisme, zoocentrisme, biocentrisme et écocentrisme, que j’ai réexaminées à partir de la bonne distanciation face à l’Autre non humain. Il ressort de cette étude que l’animal représente le point de l’environnement où se concentrent les enjeux de la bonne distanciation face à un non-humain. J’ai donc resserré mon étude sur l’animal. Pour étudier empiriquement l’oscillation du statut moral de l’Autre, j’ai choisi le lien à l’animal familier vendu dans des boutiques d’animaux. J’ai étudié comment l’animalier, chargé de réceptionner, de soigner puis de vendre les animaux dans ces boutiques, fait osciller entre objet et autrui le statut moral de l’animal dont il s’occupe. Combinant observation participante et entretiens semi-structurés, j’ai examiné les éléments saillants et non saillants de la pratique des animaliers, les seconds étant la trame des gestes, des regards et des paroles de l’animalier pour l’animal, sur laquelle se détachent les gestes techniques. L’analyse des données m’a conduite à mettre au jour l’influence de deux logiques d’action, logique marchande et logique de soin, prédominantes dans le travail des animaliers. Les résultats montrent comment la bonne distanciation équivaut à l’arbitrage constant entre ces deux logiques, procédant en priorité de la conscience pratique et non discursive. De plus, plusieurs facteurs organisationnels influencent la bonne distanciation, qui varie aussi selon que l’animalier est anthropocentriste, zoocentriste, biocentriste ou écocentriste.
This dissertation explores the fact that, depending on circumstances, the moral status of he who faces me may vary from that of an Other, in the ethical sense of the term, to that of an object. For a human being, to live is to be linked to others by a particular link, an ethical one. The distance that lies between me and the other may be better understood as “good distanciation” or the process of deciding how long the link should be, thus making what faces me either an Other or an object. Good distanciation takes place mainly in the sphere of practical consciousness rather than discursive consciousness. Furthermore, we tend to limit otherness to humans. New philosophies are emerging that study value in nature. These works fall into four broad categories, anthropocentrism, zoocentrism, biocentrism, and ecocentrism, which content I re-examine through the notion of good distanciation. It appears that animals represent the most problematic category of environmental elements as regards good distanciation. I have therefore centered my research on animals. The empirical part of the study focuses on the ethical link relating pet shop clerks to animals sold in pet shops. What is the moral status a pet shop clerk ascribes to the animal he takes care of and sells, that of a mere good or that of a companion? During five months of participant observation in 5 pet shops, I observed and assisted a total of 15 clerks. I have studied both codified technical skills that an animal caregiver must demonstrate and other movements, looks, words and sounds the caregiver makes or utters while taking care of an animal. Together, they reveal the work of practical consciousness in good distanciation. Results show that two logics of action, one of market and one of care, prevail in the daily work of a pet shop clerk. Good distanciation amounts to constant arbitration between these two logics and that it occurs mainly in the sphere of practical consciousness rather than in discursive consciousness.
This dissertation explores the fact that, depending on circumstances, the moral status of he who faces me may vary from that of an Other, in the ethical sense of the term, to that of an object. For a human being, to live is to be linked to others by a particular link, an ethical one. The distance that lies between me and the other may be better understood as “good distanciation” or the process of deciding how long the link should be, thus making what faces me either an Other or an object. Good distanciation takes place mainly in the sphere of practical consciousness rather than discursive consciousness. Furthermore, we tend to limit otherness to humans. New philosophies are emerging that study value in nature. These works fall into four broad categories, anthropocentrism, zoocentrism, biocentrism, and ecocentrism, which content I re-examine through the notion of good distanciation. It appears that animals represent the most problematic category of environmental elements as regards good distanciation. I have therefore centered my research on animals. The empirical part of the study focuses on the ethical link relating pet shop clerks to animals sold in pet shops. What is the moral status a pet shop clerk ascribes to the animal he takes care of and sells, that of a mere good or that of a companion? During five months of participant observation in 5 pet shops, I observed and assisted a total of 15 clerks. I have studied both codified technical skills that an animal caregiver must demonstrate and other movements, looks, words and sounds the caregiver makes or utters while taking care of an animal. Together, they reveal the work of practical consciousness in good distanciation. Results show that two logics of action, one of market and one of care, prevail in the daily work of a pet shop clerk. Good distanciation amounts to constant arbitration between these two logics and that it occurs mainly in the sphere of practical consciousness rather than in discursive consciousness.
Baratay, Éric. "L' Église et l'animal : du XVIIe siècle à nos jours en France : vers 1600-vers 1990)." Lyon 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LYO31011.
Full textThis thesis fits into research carried out into the history of how man considers animals. It is centred around the viewpoint of the clergy and spreads over four centuries in order to outline the transition fron medieval sensitivity to our modern-day vision. From 1600 to 1670 the point of view of the clergy resulted in a strong sense of nearness to man, making considerable use of him in religion; from 1670 to 1830 the anima. , reduced to the role of a machine and absent from religious considerations, found itself diminished in value; the period from 1830 to 1940 saw a return to the 17th century position and the emergence of a minority animalfriendly mentality; since 1940, whereas this mentality has become much stronger, the majority of clergymen have committed themselves to going in the opposite direction through a radical divorce from the animal world. Two opposing rends have comme out into the open : a movement on the part of man to distinguish himself clearly from nature since the 17th century; a recognition of the specific nature of the animal world as well as an increasing intention towards respect since the 19th century
Dubreuil, Catherine-Marie. "Ethnologie de l'antispécisme : mouvement de libération des animaux et lutte globale contre tous les types de domination." Paris 7, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA070090.
Full textEthnology of the french antispecisist struggle, which is a struggle for animal equality and human equality. The french movment is close to anarchists circles. It is based on the following principle: the interests of an animal, not to suffer and to live a fulfilling life, is as important as the equivalent interests of a human being. Both of them want the same: to live their life. The animal liberation struggle wants to be seen as a progressist struggle, as a political change in our relationships to other animais and to ourselves. Above ail, the french choice is a complete and a deep criticism of the modem society
Books on the topic "Relations homme-animal – Aspect psychologique"
Attachment to pets: An integrative view of human-animal relationships with implications for therapeutic practice. Toronto: Hogrefe Pub., 2012.
Find full textPerel, Esther. L'intelligence érotique: Faire vivre le désir dans le couple. Paris: Robert Laffont, 2007.
Find full text1934-, Goodall Jane, ed. Visions of Caliban: On chimpanzees and people. Athens, GA: University of Georgia Press, 2000.
Find full textPeterson, Dale. Visions of Caliban: On chimpanzees and people. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1993.
Find full textInc, ebrary, ed. Animal subjects: An ethical reader in a posthuman world. Waterloo, Ont: Wilfrid Laurier University Press, 2008.
Find full textAnimals and nature: Cultural myths, cultural realities. Vancouver: UBC Press, 1999.
Find full textMighetto, Lisa. Wild animals and American environmental ethics. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 1991.
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