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Academic literature on the topic 'Relations hôte-parasite – Modèles mathématiques'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Relations hôte-parasite – Modèles mathématiques"
Nguyen, Huu Tri. "Echelles de temps et dynamique spatiotemporelle de populations." Aix-Marseille 2, 2007. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/2007AIX22099.pdf.
Full textAggregation of variables methods allow reducing complexity of models in population dynamics by building simplified models governing fewer variables. We first use those methods to study spatial host-parasitoids models on patches. Those models are composed of a local interaction submodel and a dispersal submodel. Dispersal consists in k events of elementary dispersal on the nearest neighbours. We study the influence of parameter k on global dynamics and persistence of the system. We then develop a model of a virus in a marine environment to study the “plankton paradox”: plankton dynamics violate the principle of competitive exclusion. The study of our system shows that the presence of a virus enables the coexistence of two different species of bacteria
Spataro, Thierry. "De l'individu à la population : étude théorique de l'influence, au niveau de la population, de traits d'histoire de vie et de comportements individuels dans les systèmes hôte-parasitoïde." Lyon 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LYO10083.
Full textFouchet, David. "Rôle des anticorps maternels dans le changement d' impact d'une maladie infectieuse : impact du choix du modèle sur la compréhension des relations hôte parasites." Lyon 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LYO10151.
Full textArancio, Marc. "Etude théorique des interactions entre des dinoflagellés et des parasitoïdes eucaryotes en environnement mélangé : persistance du système et succession phytoplanctonique." Thesis, Lille 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL10223/document.
Full textMany species of autotrophic dinoflagellates can be parasitized by multiple eukaryotic parasitoids. These parasitoids have a specific life cycle resulting in the death of the host and the release of hundreds of zoospores that can infect a new host. Several studies have demonstrated their potential to control the host population in a few days as well as their great diversity and suggests a very complex dynamics of infection in this kind of environment. The objective of this thesis is to understand the parasitoid-dinoflagellates infection dynamics in a highly mixed estuary and a better understanding of the different interactions taking place within this system. To address this problem, we used the modeling approach (IBM). This approach has enabled to show that the hosts excystment process, also used by the parasites to survive the winter, helps to explain the persistence of the system. It has also demonstrated the potential influence of different types of parasitoid on the dynamics infection and succession of dinoflagellates species, with increased diversity of the host population in the presence of specialists and decreased with generalists. The estimation improvement of the parameter used to calculate the rate of encounter between hosts and parasites with experimental and numerical methods was also attempted. The results showed a significant change in this parameter depending on behavior and the need to take it into account for a better parameterization
Bendahmane, Mostafa. "Solutions L1 pour des systèmes de réaction-advection-diffusion intervenant en dynamique des populations." Bordeaux 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001BOR12461.
Full textFlores, Ferrer Alheli. "Modélisation mathématique des dynamiques hôtes-parasites ; de l’écologie parasitaire à l’écologie du génome." Thesis, Perpignan, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PERP0010/document.
Full textThis document is dedicated to the dynamic modeling of host-parasite interactions. It is about two distant biological models, who are studied using standard epidemiological models built from dynamic compartmental models. The first contribution is the implementation of a 'micro-parasites' model to study the transmission of the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiological agent of American trypanosomiasis (or 'Chagas' disease), within a host community of synanthropic and domestic animals. The analysis of the mathematical model shows for the first time in this biological system a dilution effect associated with avian hosts, as well as the possibility of reducing the transmission to humans by modifying the composition of the domestic host communities. The second contribution deals with the dynamics of the "genomic parasites" that are the transposable elements. Using the analogies between genomics and ecology concepts proposed by the "Genome Ecology" approach, it was possible to adapt models developed for 'macro-parasites' to the dynamics of transposable elements of class 1, retro-transposons. The analysis of these models makes it possible toformulate hypotheses on the relative importance of the host demography, the distribution of the number of copies between individuals and the molecular mechanisms of silencing of these elements, on their persistence within the population of hosts reproducing asexually
Schmitz, Antonin. "Interactions immunité-parasitisme et immunité-symbiose chez les insectes : apport de deux modèles biologiques : drosophile-parasitoïde et puceron-symbiotes-parasitoïde." Nice, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012NICE4030.
Full textThis manuscript deals with immune interactions in host-parasitoid and host-parasitoid-symbionts systems in two host model species : Drosophila melanogaster and the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum. The host-parasitoid system D. Melanogaster – L. Boulardi present both a polymorphism in host resistance and parasitoid virulence and factors involved are well characterized. We address the origin of the polymorphism of virulence of L. Boulardi, and shown to be associated with variations in expression of a major immunosuppressive factor from the venom, which induces a deformation of the immune cells of D. Melanogaster. A. Pisum lives in symbiosis with the mutualistic bacteria B. Aphidicola and can harbour different facultative secondary symbionts, some many confer different phenotypic traits to their host (eg resistance to parasitoids od fungal pathogens). The recent annotation of the genome of A. Pisum showed an apparently reduced immune repertoire which suggests an adaptation to symbiosis’ lifestyle. The first part of the work presented is a detailed characterization of A. Pisum cellular immunity (hemocytes’ types, functions, and response of the hemocytes to the presence of symbionts) and suggests an apparent functional immunity in the pea aphid. The second part of this work is a comparative study of the immunocompetence of A. Pisum (hemocytes and phenoloxidase activity), depending on host genotype, the presence of different symbionts, and the origin of the infection (natural vs. Artificial). It demonstrates a strong interaction between host immune capacities and symbiotic status in aphids
Cellier, Mathieu. "Elaboration de modèles expérimentaux pour l'étude des stress cellulaires dans les interactions hôte - agent pathogène." Montpellier 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON20205.
Full textGourbal, Benjamin. "Relations interspécifiques dans le modèle souris BALB/c/Taenia crassiceps. Le "comment" avant le "pourquoi" de la manipulation." Montpellier 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MON20078.
Full textPrudent, Patrick. "Etude bio-écologique d'Eutinobothrus brasiliensis (HAMBL)(Coleoptera : Curculionidae), foreur de tige du cotonnier au Paraguay." Toulouse 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988TOU30252.
Full textBooks on the topic "Relations hôte-parasite – Modèles mathématiques"
Hassell, Michael P. The Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Host-Parasitoid Interactions (Oxford Series in Ecology and Evolution). Oxford University Press, USA, 2000.
The Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Host-Parasitoid Interactions (Oxford Series in Ecology and Evolution). Oxford University Press, USA, 2000.