Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Relations internationales – Histoire – 20e siècle'
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Camacho, Arango Carlos Humberto. "Le Conflit de Leticia (1932-1933) et les armées du Pérou et de la Colombie : histoire-récit, histoire comparée, histoire croisée." Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010514.
Full textLouis, Florian. "La science de l'ennemi : la réception de la Geopolitik en France, au Royaume-Uni et aux Etats-Unis (années 1920 - années 1950)." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0119.
Full textThis interconnected history study highlights the slow process of semantic stabilization of the term « geopolitics » through the study of its international transmissions between the creation of the German school of Geopolitik, which made it popular at the beginning of the 1920s, and the beginning of the Cold War, during which geopolitical theories influenced directly the Two Worlds' strategies.It shows how the reception of geopolitics, originally perceived outside Germany as a pseudo-science aiming at justifying pangermanism, evolved progressively towards fascination, generating imitation and reinvention attempts — which desperately tried to find non-German origins to the field to make it acceptable. That is how the British geographer Halford Mackinder was praised in the United States as the founding father of a field of study which he never claimed being part of. Far from having suffered outside Germany, as is sometimes narrated, from long ostracism ending only at the end of the 1980s, geopolitics seems eventually to have become a field of study as constantly controversial as it is attactive, both attitudes coexisting and reinforcing each other
Kissiedou, Kacou Vincent. "Curricula et construction du savoir historique scolaire en Côte d'Ivoire de 1977 à 2002 : cas des relations internationales contemporaines." Toulouse 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOU20003.
Full textCurricula and construction of the school historical knowledge in Ivory Coast from 1977 from 2002: A case study of the contemporary international relations is the topic of this dissertation in the didactics of history. Didactics is the science of the teaching and the learning of specific contents. The contemporary international relations (CIR) are included in the training curricula of primary and secondary educations in Cote d'Ivoire. The CIR is involved today in a fulgurating development with globalisation. Subjects such as terrorism, human rights, imperialism or new imperialism do not leave any State indifferent. Therefore, the preparation of future citizens to face, with responsibility, these subjects by the learning of CIR in schools proves more than necessary. However the interdisciplinarity and the complexity of the CIR raise major difficulties of didactic transposition or rather of didactic reconstruction. The comprehension of dialectical in which the CIR find their base and their substance is far from being obvious for young learners: to make coexist national rights and universal rights, sovereignty and right of humanistic interference qualified certain time as new imperialism. What are the characteristics and the didactic strategies used in the learning of CIR in the schools of Cote d'Ivoire? The results of the method of qualitative analysis and the critical reflexion of the reflective practitioner arrive at the conclusion that the construction mode of the school historical knowledge in Cote d'Ivoire does not serve the appropriation of the contents as regards CIR
Pellistrandi, Jérôme. "La transformation de l'institution militaire espagnole des années 1940 à nos jours." Paris, EPHE, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EPHE4009.
Full textThe spanish military institution has faced a deep mutation since the Civil war. Central Pillar of the national-catholic regime, the armed forces were obliged to assume a transformation, from the control of the internal security, fully isolated on the international scene, to a modern and performing tool fully integrated in the atlantic Alliance and participating in operation overseas. This transformation was boosted since the Transition occurred after the death of the Caudillo. Heiress of a complex past, where its politic role was central, the military institution was able to rely on the officer's corps better educated than before, and where the cohesion was organized by and for the Caudillo and his values. The technical adn doctrinal support given by the United States, at the beginning of the 50th, was based on the geographical location of the Iberia peninsula, a useful area against the soviet threat. The importance of education and training was high, permitting for the officers to be more competent than in the last decades. This priority for the education and the officers of all ranks is due to General Franco, either as director of the military Academy in the 30th than as Chief of State. From 1988, the Spanish government started to send military detachments in operations overseas, using the new normality obtained by all the numerous reforms including the end of the conscription and the recruitment of volunteers. Today, Spain has performed, professional forces, integrated in NATO which are one of the tools of the foreign policy of Madrid
Boisseron, Monique. "Haïti dans le regard de la république dominicaine dans la seconde moitié du XXe siècle." Antilles-Guyane, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AGUY0062.
Full textAnafak, Lemofak Antoine Japhet. "La Belgique et l'Afrique centrale, diversification ou néocolonialisme? dynamique de la politique de coopération belge au Cameroun et dans ses anciennes colonies, 1960-1990." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210145.
Full textCette thèse insiste sur les éléments de mise en place et les fondements de la politique étrangère de la Belgique en Afrique centrale. Elle analyse sa présence depuis la colonisation du Congo, du Ruanda-Urundi et développe le processus de mutation de la Belgique dans la sous-région à la faveur des indépendances. Cette accession à la souveraineté des territoires leur attribuait le statut d’acteur de la communauté internationale. L’adaptation de la Belgique à cette nouvelle donne l’oblige à étendre son espace de captation d’intérêts par l’établissement des relations diplomatiques avec de nombreux pays de la région parmi lesquels le Cameroun. Le choix du Cameroun comme pays d'appui à la politique belge dans la région en dehors de ses colonies est le fait de nombreuses justifications que cette thèse démontre.
Ce travail insiste sur les rapports politiques entre le Cameroun et la Belgique notamment les éléments expliquant la coopération diplomatique et politique entre le Cameroun et la Belgique. Celle-ci était basée sur un soutien mutuel dans la lutte contre les mouvements rebelles procommunistes au Cameroun et au Congo dans les années 60. Cet ouvrage développe l'organisation de l’action conjointe de la Belgique et du Cameroun dans la lutte contre le communisme en Afrique centrale principalement au Congo en période de guerre froide, les éléments prouvant le soutien de la Belgique au Cameroun dans sa lutte contre les activistes nationalistes de l’UPC et réciproquement, les actions montrant la collaboration et la compréhension du Cameroun envers la Belgique dans la gestion des conflits d’après indépendance au Congo, au Rwanda et au Burundi.
De plus, cette thèse évoque la dynamique de la politique étrangère de la Belgique à partir de 1965 dans la région. Dans cette section marquée par l’arrivée de Mobutu au pouvoir et le coup d’Etat de Micombero au Burundi, ce travail détaille les éléments qui justifient le renforcement des relations politiques entre le Cameroun et la Belgique après 1965 par l’analyse du contexte national et international de mise en place de cette politique après 1967. Un contexte marqué par la réélection d’Ahmadou Ahidjo et le renforcement de son pouvoir et le départ du socialiste Paul-Henri Spaak, remplacé par le démocrate-chrétien Pierre Harmel. Ce dernier instaure une nouvelle politique dite de diversification et de distanciation envers le régime de Mobutu. Le constat est que cette diversification a profité au Cameroun, devenu progressivement un partenaire privilégié de la Belgique dans la région après la visite officielle d’Ahidjo de 1967 à Bruxelles.
Ce travail analyse les rapports qu’entretenaient la Belgique et le Cameroun dans les organisations internationales en rapport avec la situation interne de son pré-carré d’Afrique centrale, notamment les circonstances du soutien de la candidature du Zaïre à l’entrée dans l’Union Douanière et Economique d’Afrique Centrale (UDEAC) et plus tard dans la création de l’Union Economique d’Afrique Centrale (UEAC) en 1969. Le soutien mutuel des candidatures belges et camerounaises dans les instances internationales à partir des années septante, les incidences de l’entrée du Royaume-Uni de Grande Bretagne et l’Irlande du Nord au sein de la Communauté Economique Européenne (la convention de Lomé I) sur la politique étrangère belge menée par Renaat Van Elslande, les implications de la zaïrianisation sur les relations belgo-zaïroises, l’arrivée au pouvoir de Juvénal Habyarimana au Rwanda et la renégociation des accords d’indépendance entre le Cameroun et la France. La Belgique et ces pays souhaitaient une approche plus consensuelle des grandes questions internationales, notamment le nouvel ordre économique international, le conflit du proche orient, la question de la décolonisation des territoires portugais d’Afrique centrale, la généralisation des conflits armés et des assassinats politiques.
La présence militaire belge en Afrique centrale est un fait colonial. Un rappel nécessaire de cette présence militaire depuis la période coloniale nous a permis de nous interroger sur la gestion difficile du devenir de ces soldats après les indépendances du Congo, du Rwanda et du Burundi, notamment pendant la crise Katangaise. Ces difficultés rencontrées au Congo poussent la Belgique à trouver des dérivatifs pour se désengager militairement au Ruanda-Urundi après l’indépendance en 1962. La visite officielle de juin 1967 d’Ahmadou Ahidjo en Belgique marque le début d’une intense coopération militaire entre la Belgique et le Cameroun. Les deux pays coopèrent pour la livraison du matériel de guerre par la Fabrique d’Herstal à Liège, et dans la formation les officiers camerounais en Belgique. Plusieurs facteurs justifiant cette coopération avec le Cameroun sont énumérés dans cette thèse. De plus, ce travail retrace l’implication de la Belgique dans les guerres du Shaba et ses initiatives en faveur d’une paix globale dans la région autour les années 80.
Le troisième grand axe de cette thèse développe la présence de la Belgique en Afrique centrale dans le cadre de la Communauté Economique Européenne. Après avoir expliqué l'historique et l'évolution du FED, nous avons exploré le poids de la présence belge au sein du Fond Européen de Développement par rapport à la France et les autres Etats de la CEE pour constater sa faiblesse dans cette institution contrôlée par la France l’Allemagne. Ce qui justifie son choix de renforcer la coopération bilatérale dans la région. Enfin, ce thèse insiste sur ces relations économiques bilatérales de la Belgique en Afrique centrale, principalement au Cameroun en comparaison avec les anciennes colonies pour voir l'influence de la Belgique au Cameroun, au Congo, au Rwanda et au Burundi depuis les indépendances jusqu'aux années nonante.
Doctorat en Histoire, art et archéologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Saliby-Yehia, Hoda. "Pouvoir étatique et dynamique de développement : l'expérience de deux États successeurs de l'Empire Ottoman, la Syrie (1876-1963) et le Liban (1876-1964)." Paris 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA010562.
Full textThe purpose of this research is to analyse the role of the state in development. Development is here defined as a set of dynamics proper to each society, resulting from the interplay of many factors, among these factors we have examened six variables in their relationship to sate action. They are : territory, population, constitutional life, public finance, the education system and the role of the state in the economy. The interplay of these variables has been studied over a relatively long period. Lebanon, 1876-1964 and Syria, 1876-1963, have witnessed three types of state-power : Ottoman rule, the French mandate and the modern independant state. The Lebanese and yrian development experiences rely upon differents patterns, leading to divergent options. Guided by the assumption that the history of a society enrichies our analysis and comprehension of its economic organisation, our multi-disciplinary aproach has led us to pose the ititial question in a different manner : could state-power, rather than being regarded as a primary actor in development, be considered merely as one of its variables ?
Tronchet, Guillaume. "Savoirs en diplomatie : une histoire sociale et transnationale de la politique universitaire internationale de la France (années 1870 - années 1930)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010714.
Full textCriticizing the notion of "cultural diplomacy" spread by the Foreign Affairs Departments of European countries and of the United States, this thesis focuses on the unknown history of the French "academic diplomacy". This international and transnational action was built by the universities of the French Third Republic in order to attract foreign students and academics, and to export the French knowledges abroad. It was born between the late l 870s and the mid l 900s, at the intersection of social and economical dynamics, that the dissertation analyses at different scales (local, national, global) with the tools of history and sociology. In the l 900s and 1910s, under the influence of some members of Parliament and some academic networks like the Office national des universités et écoles françaises, ONUEF), this sector was gradually invested by State and placed under the control of the French Ministry of Education and its new international academic policy. The Great War reinforced the weight of the interstate et political logics. In the 1920s and 1930s, actors of academic diplomacy were increasingly in competition with the new actors of cultural diplomacy, related to the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Without success, they tried to preserve their autonomy, but the international academic policy of France was gradually integrated into the cultural diplomacy area. The loss of academic autonomy is the central question of the thesis
Hamizi, Maamar. "La crise algérienne dans les stratégies des puissances occidentales : France - Etats-Unis." Paris 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA030089.
Full textIn the epoch of the globalization where interrelationship is strong, a national crisis appears as an international affair, what draws away the involvement of third States which become so, by their foreign policies of the decisive elements in evolution and existent of this crisis. To illustrate it, we are interested in Algerian crisis in strategies of western potency, across the analysis of the Algerian policies of France and the United States in political, economic and security domains
Daget, Serge. "Les croisières françaises de répression de la traite des noirs sur les côtes occidentales de l'Afrique (1818-1850)." Paris 4, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA040303.
Full textThe effect which the french cruisers had on the suppression of the african slave trade cannot be understood unless one first takes into account the forces to be curbed. Although slave trading was made illegal in France in 1818, french and west indian slavers did not hesitate to continue their trading without arousing any strong official reaction, even though repressive measures had been taken on the west african coast. Social, cultural, political and diplomatic conditions, as well as economic ones, explain the continued existence of an enterprise that had already lasted more than a century. Consequently, the question is to know how the repressive agents are going to operate on the african coast, and, if their results are not obvious, why not ? French cruisers, at first ineffectual, comply more and more with their duties: they capture national slavers that are judged and condemned. After a long policy of patience and denunciations, England in 1831 secures what she has been claiming in vain: an official co-operation of the royal navy with the french one in order to fight against the slavers. It is then a third french abolition law results in the ending of the national slave trade. We are therefore confronted with the paradox that a theoretically efficient system has no object to justify. An idyllic situation is brought about by an untraceable slave trade. Powers whose interests are less humanitarian than political create a serious crisis in France seeking to suppress the agreement signed in 1831-1833. Although successful, a new covenant with a nation that has always been resented as a machiavellian rival gives rise to a splendid french cruise: it lasts but one year as it is useless, and unable to act against the numerous brazilian or spanish slave traders. Thus, on the whole, french repression has been a failure. All the reasons for this failure have not been military ones. The weight of established mentalities, of economic needs, not nearly as urgent as implied, the weakness of humanitarian doctrines incapable of renovation, are among the deeper causes of this failure. Altogether a negative, repetitive story without any outstanding events. The knowledge of man in africa is imperceptible
Mampuya, Samba. "Survivance et répression de la traite négrière du Gabon au Congo de 1840 à 1880." Paris 4, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA040131.
Full textBlouin, Genest Gabriel. "Politiques macroéconomiques et élections présidentielles : le cas latino-américain de 1980 à 2006." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25768/25768.pdf.
Full textFlorent, Julien. "Renseignement et diplomatie de la SDN à l'ONU : histoire des pratiques de l'espionnage dans les organisations internationales." Thesis, Paris 4, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA040221.
Full textStates are encouraged to spy on international organizations, as much on the structures themselves as on the members who compose them, because these organizations have determined since 1920 the role and power of states in the international order. This research deals with the intelligence process in the State diplomatic relation with the League of Nations (LN) and the United Nations (UN), and its coordination with diplomacy in developing a foreign policy within the LN and the UN. What is a stake is to define the theoretical levers of strategic coordination between the diplomatic and intelligence services during specific historical moments of apprehensions, objectives, means of implementation and conduct of policies of influence of states within international organizations. In the LN then in the UN, we will study intelligence through its evolution with regard to the new international frameworks, figures and spy games around the activities of international organizations and during strong diplomatic times which strengthened its role in international bodies. This study revisits the history of international relations and major multilateral institutions as it was appreciated by the intelligence services. We will see therefore that Intelligence in the LN and the UN is built depending on the diplomatic imperatives, as a traditional tool of power and influence, an instrument of strength and integration of the foreign policy of States. It will throw us in very contemporary affairs with all the depth of History
Charitas, Pascal. "L'Afrique au mouvement olympique : enjeux et stratégies de l'influence de la France dans l'internationalisation du sport africain (1944-1966)." Paris 11, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA113007.
Full textThe goal of the thesis is to study the role and influence of France in the process of intemationalising sport in French-speaking sub-Saharan Africa in the framework of the Olympic Movement (1944-1966). It aims to show how competitive sporting events between France and Africa during the colonial period and then at decolonisation revealed the dynamic of the changes in the political systems governing African sport (national and international federations, NOC). In the post-war context, the primary question is to understand how and under what conditions access to the IOC by the former French colonies in Africa can reveal the transformations in Franco-African relations. The demonstration focuses on three key moments : first, the combined effects of the reconfiguration in the new world order following the Second World War, such as the influence of the Cold War and the third-worldism that made it necessary for the former French colonies to strengthen relations with the Olympic Movement in order to defend their territory ; second, De Gaulle's Fifth Republic's formalising of Olympic sporting recognition for the former African colonies on their way to full independence through the Jeux de la Communauté Française and the Jeux de l'Amitié (1960-1963) ; and finally the new interaction between the French and African political systems at the IOC, which made it possible to envisage an African Olympic sports policy (all-Africa Games, 1965, and SCSA, 1966). Consequently, Franco-African sporting cooperation became an instrument of De Gaulle's foreign policy, thanks to support for the French government from the political elites of African sport. This viewpoint reveals a process working in two directions : maintaining French influence in postcolonial African sport through the strategic use of the OIympic Movement on the one hand, and the reappropriation of this Olympic space by the political elites of African sport to support their causes, fighting apartheid and pursuing development aid, on the other
Lanoe, Elise. "La culture au service de la diplomatie? Les politiques culturelles extérieures de la RFA et de la France au Brésil (1961-1973)." Phd thesis, Université Charles de Gaulle - Lille III, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00738382.
Full textMajid, Abdul Majid. "Les relations entre l'Irak et la Grande-Bretagne de 1930 à 1952." Paris 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA010537.
Full textThe first part examines the situation of iraq from 1914 to 1918, the so-called period of occupation; then the factors and events which led to the placing of Iraq under British mandate, and the birth of the Irasi state in 1920. The second and third sections constitute a global and in-depth study of the negatiations which brought the two countries together in the signing of the treaty of 1930, iraqi relations with the league of nations and her entrance into this international group in 1932; the instability which has characterized the political life of the country following independence, and the advent of the phenomenon of coups d'état and other military putschs. We also reveal the political organizations which arose in the country. We review in greater detail the british oil interests in iraq and the franco-british rivalry over Iraqi oil. In the fourth part of our work, we examine first the deterioration in Iraqi-British relations following the ascension in Iraq of a government born of the military movement of 1941, a government largely based upon the political ideology of the axis countries. This situation provoked an armed confrontation with the british who invaded iraq for the second time. Finally, we discuss the post-war era which has characterized the political situation and the signing of the treaty of 1948
AL, ATTIYA JALIL IBRAHI. "L'evolution de la presse politique entre les deux guerres en irak, 1918-1938." Paris 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA030194.
Full textThe evolution of the political presse between the two wars in iraq (1918-1938) intends to make a historical, social and political study of an important period of iraq's history. Firstly, we propose to study the british occupation, the 1920 revolution with the shiite involvement, and the forming of the iraqi state. We dwell upon the choice of faycal as king and the people's reaction to this. We make an important analysis of the mossoul question as well as the iraqi oil question. We study the political parties, their problems, personality of their leaders and analyse their failures, and also study and analyse the birth of the iraqi working class. Secondly, the british-iraqi treaties are analysed, along with the people's reaction. The kurd question is studied and analysed at length, outbursts of the kurd revolt are examined in detail, especially those led by sheikh mahmoud. We expose here our opinion on the failure of the kurd movement
Belhumeur, Andréa. "Le débat au sénat américain entourant l'adhésion des États-Unis à la cour permanente de justice internationale de janvier 1935." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24780/24780.pdf.
Full textSarwary, Nina. "L' Etat Afghan acteur et enjeu des relations internationales : 1979-1989." Nice, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992NICE0018.
Full textFromentin, Libouthet Marion. "Le Tibet dans les relations internationales (1950-1971)." Nantes, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013NANT3027.
Full textHariri, Ahmad. "L'Armée et le pouvoir politique au Liban." Paris 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA010273.
Full textEl, Haouasse Nadia. "Souveraineté de l' État et mondialisation." Toulouse 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOU10091.
Full textAt the end of twentieth century, sovereignty, the main feature of State, is challenged by the international process of globalization. This phenomenon, encoraged by the unprecedented progress of the technology of communication, is mainly economical. The result is the formation of a planetary market, tending to get out of controls by States. The ability of States to exercise the plenitude of their competences is decreasing. Therefore, confronted with globalization which appears as an unavoidable reality, sovereignty becomes less and less efficient
Park, Song Yong. "Echanges économiques et relations sociales dans deux communautés villageoises de Corée." Aix-Marseille 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990AIX10022.
Full textThe comparative study of the original genuine features of two korean communities will underline the social logics at work in order to explain the ethnographical data concerning their respective economical exchanges and social relationship. In the village of sampyong, the industrialization and urbanization is closely related to social classes differentiatied both from an economical and a social point of view, and to the various marketing strategies put forward in that rural community. The economical exchanges influence the type of social network and sociability. In the village of pilsan, the penetration of industrialization and the expansion of the means of transfort carry out the transformation of the social, and geographical space. Considering that the relation of consanguinity plays an important role in the dayly life of local people, more particulary, for close relatives, for whom economical exchanges may occur without any calculationas regards mariage and funerals. The spacial representation of periodical fairs depend on differend geographical, economical and social items. The mariage sphere of the village residents lies within the sphere of the fair, though we can notice a wider range for females than for males
Atsio-Gouamali, Jean-Cyr. "La rupture et le rétablissement des relations diplomatiques dans la pratique contemporaine." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010267.
Full textThe breach of diplomatic relations is an act of (unilateral) denunciation to put an end to rules of reciprocal conduct agreed (by common consent) by the states when they had established the diplomatic relations between them. It is a unfriendly act but licit, taken for answer to an internationaly illicit act. The breach can be decided also according to the cause which is not charactarized by illegality. It's breeded by the causes from different nature. Unilateral act (discretionary) from a state, the breach has not an effect on the diplomatic bag; or on the diplomatic mail, on the permanent missions to the international organisations, on the traities and the nationale of the two states concerned and on the contracts between the latters. In the period of breach, the third power or the interests sections secure the protection of interests of states concerned. The restoring of diplomatic relations is a new bilateral agreement. It's a bilateral agreement restoring the new rules of reciprocal conduct governing the diplomatic relations between two states. The restoring has for foundation the principles of friendly, of cooperation between the states, and of international peace and security
Berthet, Samuel. "La culture française en Inde de 1870 à 1962 : présences et actions : dynamiques indiennes et politique française." Nantes, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NANT3009.
Full textVercauteren, Pierre. "Des politiques européennes à l'égard de l'URSS: la France, la RFA et la Grande-Bretagne de 1969 à 1989." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211974.
Full textThierry, Damien. "L'organisation des Nations Unies et le nouvel ordre mondial dans le domaine du maintien de la paix et de la sécurité internationales." Tours, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOUR1002.
Full textThe expansion of security concept by Security Council since 1988-1990 is empiric because of control by great powers of collective security. Indeed, these one control at one and the same time the decisions and their execution
Sultan, Mahfood al. "Les relations entre l'Irak et l'Iran, de 1911 à 1980." Montpellier 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987MON30021.
Full textThis research is about the contemporary historical study of the relations between iran and irak, through the varied events significant to their relations. The first period, before the first world war, witnessed a conflict between the ottomans and the persians to control irak (1508-1638). The conflict ended with the victory of the ottomans who governed irak from 1638 until 1911. During this period there had been several treaties to end the conflicts about irak. (we can mention the amassia treaty 1555 and the teheran agreement in 1911, tp explain irak situation during the 16th and the 19th century). The second period, after the first world war, ends with the fall of the ottoman empire, allied to germany, and the moudros armistice on october 30 th 1918. On the 25th of april 1920, the allies high council met in paris and decided that irak should fall under the british mandate. From this sprung a triple relationship beween the british, the persian and the turkish government, about the chott-el-arab and the mossoul question. Between 1922 and 1944, irak was admitted into the society of nations, against iran's will. Great britain initiated a treaty of friendship and of borders between the two countries ; it was a way of protecting its own petroleum economic interests. This treaty was followed by the saad-abad pact. One of the results of the pact was the commission for a definition of the borders ; the second world war prevented its completion. The relationship between iran and irak improved until the bagdad pact in 1955, emphasizing the close relationship between the two countries. This research also deals with the changes in irak after the revolutions of july 14th 1958 and july 17th 1968 followed by a deterioration of the relationship, espacially in the chatt-el-arab and the border areas. The algiers agreement of march 6th 1975 was tu end the crisis and solve the kurdish question. But the fall of the chah on january 16th 1979, and the proclamation of the islamic republic in iran, created more tension and problems that lead, in september 1980, to the war that still lasts in the gulf area
Besand, Vanessa. "Discours théoriques et fictions narratives : France- Etats-Unis (des années 1920 à nos jours)." Dijon, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009DIJOL005.
Full textRelationships between France and the United States of America are built around lots of exchanges, including the flow of theories and the fictional re-appropriations revealing characteristics of both nations. Observed all along the twentieth century, in both modern and postmodern times, these very special cultural and artistic exchanges reflect the evolution of the relationship between the two countries, characterized by the progress of an America new to arts and culture, by its self-consciousness towards French example and by the end of the teacher-pupil interaction which had linked these two countries until then. Moreover, they highlight the cultural construction of each land, made by theoretical borrowings from the other side, as well as its estrangement from it in order to forge its own national identity and singularity. In this perspective, naturalisation of foreign imported materials seems to be a necessary phenomenon to the cultural exchanges between France and the United-States of America, sign of the quest of autonomy of each side and the will to distinguish from an Other who has always fascinated but also created violent rejection
Hallair, Gaëlle Frédérique. "Histoire croisée entre les géographes français et allemands de la première moitié du XXe siècle : la géographie du paysage (Landschaftkunde) en question." Paris 1, 2010. https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01730408.
Full textJerad, Rahma. "L'expansion américaine au prisme de Cuba : esclavage, abolition et rivalités internationales, 1836-1860 : une histoire culturelle et diplomatique." Paris 7, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA070005.
Full textIn the two decades that led to the Civil War, the proslavery southern ideologues regarded Cuba as the model of a prosperous society where slavery was a widespread and thriving institution. This model society, so close to the southern states, both on a geographical and on an economic level, thus became the focus of their interest. But, this interest in the island of Cuba was not limited to the South, nor to the twenty years preceding the Civil War. It is certain indeed that the US interest in the island dates back to the very first days of the Union, but that historians have usually been more interested in the period of Manifest Destiny because that is when the Union was the most active in its attempts to take control of the island and integrate it to its territory. The aim of the present thesis is thus first to trace back the origins and the reasons of US interest in what was often called the Perl of Antilles. Then, it is to replace this expansionnism in a larger international context in order to show that this interest was motivated not only by the national expansionist ideology but also by a wider range of international actors, events and elements, among which slavery, slave trade and their abolition by Great Britain are central. The purpose is then to emphasize elements that were often ignored by US historiography and give a more prominent place to the role played by the Cubans in this expansionist movement. By using American, Cuban and British sources, travel accounts as well as diplomatic sources, it will nonetheless appear that this annexationist desire was a complex phenomenon, due to Americans1 ambiguous feelings, to be sure their increasing racism, towards their Hispanic neighbours. This dissertation then uses the concept of Atlantic history, and can be regarded as forming part of the transatlantic study of slavery, a paradigm that, since the early 1990s, has renewed research on slavery in the Americas. And through the use of various, multinational sources it seeks to give a more balanced and hopefully a more complete history of the period
Syng-Ho, Kim. "La question de Port Hamilton (1885-1887) dans le contexte de la politique étrangère des grandes puissances." Paris 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA010690.
Full textLapandry-Bayoudh, Françoise. "L'évolution de la coopération franco-tunisienne : la remise en cause d'une relation privilégiée ?" Dijon, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996DIJOD007.
Full textUpsurge of the process of de-colonization in the sixties brought about a readjustment of the relationships between the colonizing countries and the colonized territories. Cooperation appeared as a means of perpetuating the historic links that had prevailed earlier. In the course of years, this cooperation has undergone an evolutive process both in its organization and in its implementation. Newly independent countries endeavored to be recognized as fully-fledged nations, encouraged by the political environment of the seventies, and, in particular, the pressing demand for an international economic order. As a consequence, changes occurred in the cooperation relationships. The new approach to cooperation is based on the notion of reciprocity between partners, which in fact, has been achieved more or less successfully. Besides, cooperation relationships reflect the political evolutions on either side of the Mediterranean. Their structural features are constantly modified by crises and fluctuations that disturb or reinforce them. The fact that France belongs to a gradually unified Europe is likely to bring a new dimension to its relationships with Tunisia in addition, claims of domestic political events may influence the evolution if this cooperation in the future. In fact, the initiative of its implementation is in the hands of a variety of deciders belonging both to the public and private sectors. Its institutional environment also has undergone changes, as the legal instruments were modified so as to ensure a greater homogeneity. Its scope extends to various fields, among which the economic, financial and cultural branches. The transformation of the objectives and means of action is felt in each of these sectors, and it does not necessarily
Lebel, Sylvie. "Relations interculturelles entre les Atikamekw et les colons canadiens en Mauricie entre 1870 et 1910." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/17762.
Full textIonnides, Yiannakis. "Les politiques culturelles chypriotes à l'égard de l'union européenne de 1974 à1995." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998VERS1011.
Full textIonnides, Yiannakis. "La politique culturelle de Chypre à l'égard des pays de la communauté européenne depuis 1960." Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010571.
Full textSionneau, Bernard. "L'approche réaliste américaine des relations internationales : George F. Kennan, Hans J. Morgenthau." Bordeaux 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR30039.
Full textThis dissertation purports to analyze the major themes developed by two realist thinkers in the field of international relations (George f. Kennan - Hans j. Morgenthau) and to evaluate the impact of their writings on the orientation of US foreign policy and military strategy in the second half of the twentieth century
Luque, Sanchez Antonio. "Développement et insertion internationale de l'économie espagnole." Grenoble 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE21027.
Full textThe thesis defended in this work establishes that the spanish economic development, due to historical and political reason, could only be of dependent type. In order to explain and to demonstrate this thesis, the conditions of the spanish economic development since the spanish civil war (1939), have been analysed. This has been done after having specify in the introduction, the concepts of dependency and economic nation. In the first chapter, we analyse the autarkical model, its limits its contradictions. These ones lead to an economic opening. The economical policy that followed is the resul of political struggles and social ideas. Chapter 2 deals with the industrialization in the sixties this one enables to understand the structural sources of the economic dependency. Chapter 3 analyses the policies aiming to overcome the crisis effects. During this period, the strategical choices of the spanish capitalism was translated into an acceleration of the process of european integration from this period, the regulation mode changes. The economic policy applied leads to a passive internationalization of the spanish economy. Chapter 4 presents the problem of the balance of payments. The reasons of the chronic deficit of the balance of trade and the impossibility of an automatic readjustment of it are analysed. Finally, chapter 5 shows how the deficit of the balance of trade and the inadequacy of the technological sector in spain reinforce the economic dependency
Malaval, Catherine. "De la tour d'ivoire à la maison de verre ? : histoire et identité de la presse des entreprises françaises de la fin du XIXe siècle aux années 1970." Paris, EHESS, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999EHES0074.
Full textAgnekethom, Pawoumotom. "Les intérêts français en Afrique Noire francophone : essai d'analyse des relations franco-africaines à partir du concept d'intérêt national." Bordeaux 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR40033.
Full textNational interest, which is in the center of the "realist" analysis of international relationships, can offer a quite effective framework to study french interests in africa. Under this concept, we can consider the aims followed by the mosts important political leaders of a state who set up relations with others states. Consequently, if we take into account the international system configuration and the constraints wheighing heavy on france, the concept of national interest enables us to study france's african policy throughout two aspects. One, which is based on the political analysis of public help to development and military and cultural factors; sees france's african policy as a way to survive on the international scene. The other ; resting on an analysis of economical and trading factors, considers the french state as the defender of french firms interests in french-speaking africa
Chalifour, Jean-René. "Le Canada et le BRIC : l'importance des opportunités de voix dans les organisations internationales." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27917/27917.pdf.
Full textGemignani, Saxstad Pascale. "La France, le pétrole et le Proche-Orient de 1939 à 1958." Paris 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040222.
Full textSince its creation in 1924, the Companie française des pétroles (C. F. P. ) has played a fundamental role in the establishment and implementation of French oil policy based on its 23. 75% share of Iraqi oil owned by France since the San Remo agreements in 1920. When entering the oil race, the c. F. P. Came up against the English and the Americans who wanted to keep their control over the French market and were not willing to share the abounding oil fields in the near and middle east. Thus, after the signature of the armistice between Vichy and Germany in 1940, the allies sought to expel Vichy and the free French forces from the near east, and the C. F. P. From its share of Iraqi oil. The C. F. P. , supported by the French government, endeavored by all means to regain its role in the Iraq petroleum company (I. P. C. ) and in the near east between 1945 and 1948. Not only did the C. F. P. Fight to recuperate its share of confiscated war goods, but it also sought to exploit its part of Iraqi oil and to increase the capacity of the pipelines crossing Syria and the Lebanon. The C. F. P. Had to therefore satisfy the necessary reconstruction requirements and give France the means to achieve independence as regards energy. Between 1948 and 1958, under the combined effect of Arab nationalism exacerbated by the creation of the state of Israel, the expansion of the cold war to the near east, France’s open support to Israel and the Algerian war, the foundations of the C. F. P. Oil policy were thrown into question
Cisse, Gouro. "Le syndicalisme africain : évolution historique, rôle politique et relations internationales. (Contribution à une approche politique du mouvement ouvrier africain )." Paris 10, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA100052.
Full textThe African trade union movement is not a well-known one, and it does not interest the western observers. After decolonization, the trade union movement is nationalized while the new states are politically "Balkanized". The national trade unions then born are forced to link with one-party-systems, edged out or merely outlawed by the latters. Trade unions still concern a too weak number of the African working peoples. They are the pictures of an underdeveloped continent, which tries hardly to rebuild its identity. The present thesis aiming at a political science investigation, also deal, throughout the economic action of colonial African workers, with the unionism importance in the political life. It tries to show their main political role in the decolonization process, and its authentic meaning nowadays. The investigation goes from a case study of eight French speaking countries of West Africa. From that point, it analyses the trade union movement continental expression: panafrican trade union movement. The investigation ends by futurologic thoughts, from the topical occurrences, on the potentialities of a political democracy in Africa, and on what would be the rank and the importance of trade unions in such a long-term perspective
Kambou-Ferrand, Jeanne-Marie. "L'installation des français dans les pays voltaïque (Burkina Faso) : conquête et résistances des populations." Paris 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA010527.
Full textKhoudour-Castéras, David. "Migrations internationales, régimes de change et politiques sociales : un nouveau trilemme de politique économique ?" Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2005. http://spire.sciences-po.fr/hdl:/2441/f4rshpf3v1umfa09lat1n0o44.
Full textThe thesis is based on two main ideas : first, labor mobility constitutes a central adjutment mechanism in exchange rate regimes ; second the development of social policies contributes to slowing down the emigration process. The argument rests at the same time on a theoretical reflection, based in particular on the optimum currency area theory, and on historical analysis, focused on two periods of contemporary history : the gold standard period and the interwar period. Thus, Chapter 1 aims at showing the key role of international migration in the adjustement process of the gold standard. Then, Chapter 2 analyses the impact of Bismarck's social legislation on German emigration. Finally, Chapter 3 provides an alternative explanation to the fall of the gold exchange standard. In total, the purpose of the thesis is to show the existence of an economic policy trilemma between international migration, exchange rate regimes and social policies
Lamine, Anne-Sophie. "Les relations interreligieuses en France : entre affirmations identitaires et constructions du pluriel." Paris, EHESS, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EHES0046.
Full textIn a context of religious plurality and French "laicity" (secularism), the interactions between believers of different religions are analysed. A few interfaith groups started in 1930', but the interfaith movement, which was first judeo-christian and then islamo-christian and multilateral developed first slowly, in the following decades. The number of interfaith organisations increased very quickly in the 1990'. The religious institutions also gradually took into account the plurality. Finally, some process of public regulation of the religious plurality is also appearing. By studying these changes, the concept used in the analysis is recognition. The movement of recognition of the plurality is works on the religious scen, in interaction that of strong identical assertions. We show the emergence of this interfaith movement, propose a typology, and an analysis of its practices. The growing plurality of the religious field can increase recognition, but also reveals resistances in the consideration of the otherness
Radtchenko-Draillard, Svetlana. "L'étude psychanalytique de la résolution des conflits dans les interactions internationales et la négociation." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC135.
Full textThe very essence of man’s existence is constituted from drives, which are of a similar order in all human beings and aim at the satisfaction of primal desires in permanent latent or manifest conflicts. Civilization is the necessary path from family to humanity; it is inextricably linked to the innate conflict of the eternal struggle between Eros and Thanatos. In accordance with this idea and in the work of Freud, Lacan, Jung, Binswanger, etc., my doctoral research examines the relation between intrapersonal, interpersonal, intragroupal, intergroupal, international conflicts and their specific impact on international interactions. The resolution of these conflicts involves a choice between two or more equally possible, yet sometimes contradictory, solutions (war or peace, hostility or diplomacy, etc.). This choice is often determined by international negotiations, and can be understood through psychoanalytical vectors such as identity issues, the impact of bilingualism on intercultural interactions, and political discourse, etc. The implications of this doctoral research are to evaluate the role and the consequences of principal negotiations in the resolution of international conflicts before and during the Word War II, 1918-1945, and during the Cold War -1945-1991
Hassan, Haidar. "Le mouvement des pays non-alignés : bilan et analyse." Paris 10, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA100102.
Full textThe thesis is composed of two parts. In the first part, I followed the history of the movement of non-aligned countries since its appearance in the international scene I have analyzed the five criterias on non-alignment and its eight summit conferences as from Belgrade in 1961 up to Harare in 1986. The political principals and objectives of the movement are summarized in the creation of a new world system based on the democracy and sovereign equality of states. Every summit conference has added important contributions to peace and human well fair. In the second part, I analyzed the policy of the movement regarding the international question. In fact, the activities of the movement cannot be isolated from the political, economic and social world events. The interest of the movement for maintaining international peace and security are concentrated into two fields: the disarmament and the reform of United Nations system. The movement has not achieved all its objectives because of so many reasons related to its incapacity in the political, economic and strategic fields. The internal conflicts, the divergences among member states and the interference of the big power in the internal affairs of the non-aligned countries represented another challenge before the movement. In conclusion, two hypotheses summarize well in which direction is steering the movement in the future: the movement cannot resist to the pressure on it and it disappears from the international scene
Nteka-Salakiaku, Daniel. "Le dialogue de vie entre les catholiques et les adeptes des Religions Traditionnelles Africaines dans l'Église locale de Kinshasa de 1960 à 2000." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/21959.
Full textMeskini, Mohammed. "Aspects juridiques de l'intervention armée syrienne au Liban (1976-1978)." Nancy 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986NAN20010.
Full textThe international contemporary law is distinguished by prohibition of intervention especially when it takes the shape of a resort to armed force. By sending its stroops in Lebanon in June 1976 Syrie had in meantine the admissibility of its intervention infering from several considerations between the will to give a end at a fratricidal clash, the wish to take in account various entreaties, the determination of not being restlessby an international plot and exercise national arabic duty appear as the more decissive. After an analysis constrained by the examination of the facts and the wording of the legal rules these motives come to light, nevertheless unfit for giving a coherent and valid foundation to the Syrian intervention and appear as alibis aimed at disguising the Syrian will to exert un straightened guardianship on Lebanon. Confronted at the situation created by the Syrian intervention the Arab league had not taken refuge in wordiness. Breaking with a traditional passivity it succeeds to move towards an operational conseiving and to create a power for keeping the peace. The study of the mission trusted to that last and the observance of conditions which still presited its application urge on scepticism. Destined to make easier the search of peace and centred on the wish to give a end to the Syrian interference in the Lebany's clash the action of the Arab league has not fill his part and has just succed at last to consolidate the pressure of Syrie on Lebanon exerted consecutively at its military intervention