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Journal articles on the topic 'RelAtive SpecTral processing'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Mead, James B. "Comparison of Meteorological Radar Signal Detectability with Noncoherent and Spectral-Based Processing." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 33, no. 4 (April 2016): 723–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-14-00198.1.

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AbstractDetection of meteorological radar signals is often carried out using power averaging with noise subtraction either in the time domain or the spectral domain. This paper considers the relative signal processing gain of these two methods, showing a clear advantage for spectral-domain processing when normalized spectral width is less than ~0.1. A simple expression for the optimal discrete Fourier transform (DFT) length to maximize signal processing gain is presented that depends only on the normalized spectral width and the time-domain weighting function. The relative signal processing ga

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Minty, Brian R. S. "Multichannel models for the estimation of radon background in airborne gamma‐ray spectrometry." GEOPHYSICS 63, no. 6 (November 1998): 1986–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1444492.

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Adequate background correction is a crucial step in processing airborne gamma‐ray spectrometric data because any errors are amplified during subsequent processing procedures. Two multichannel models for the estimation of atmospheric radon background are proposed. The spectral‐ratio method uses the relative heights of uranium (U) series photopeaks to estimate the contribution of atmospheric radon to observed spectra. The full‐spectrum method estimates the atmospheric radon contribution through the weighted least‐squares fitting of potassium (K), U, thorium (Th), and radon component spectra to t

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Blahovec, J., and S. Yanniotis. "'GAB' generalised equation as a basis for sorption spectral analysis." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 28, No. 5 (October 14, 2010): 345–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/146/2009-cjfs.

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The transformed sorption isotherm (represented by the ratio of water activity and moisture content (d.b.) versus water activity) was approximated by polynomials of 2<sup>nd</sup>&ndash;<sup>6th</sup> order. It is shown that the relative derivative of the transformed equation expresses the deviation of the sorption isotherm from the linear relationship between the moisture content and water activity either to the sorption isotherm of the Lagmuir's type (the positive relative derivative) or to the sorption isotherm of the solution type (the negative relative derivativ

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Jödicke, Katrin, Robin Zirkler, Timo Eckhard, Werner Hofacker, and Bernd Jödicke. "High End Quality Measuring in Mango Drying through Multi-Spectral Imaging Systems." ChemEngineering 4, no. 1 (February 1, 2020): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemengineering4010008.

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In modern fruit processing technology, non-destructive quality measuring techniques are sought for determining and controlling changes in the optical, structural, and chemical properties of the products. In this context, changes inside the product can be measured during processing. Especially for industrial use, fast, precise, but robust methods are particularly important to obtain high-quality products. In this work, a newly developed multi-spectral imaging system was implemented and adapted for drying processes. Further it was investigated if the system could be used to link changes in the s

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Dong, Chun Hong, Jun Li, Ying Fan Liu, Shao Wei Zhao, and Guo Qing Wang. "Dependent Component Analysis and its Applications for Estimation of Source Ultraviolet Spectral Profiles and Characterization of Processing Batch for Preparation of Radix scutellariae." Advanced Materials Research 781-784 (September 2013): 30–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.781-784.30.

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Dependent component analysis (DCA), which is an extension of independent component analysis (ICA) for blind source separation (BSS) and requires no assumption on the distributions of the sources, was used to directly estimate source spectral profiles from ultraviolet spectra (UV) of mixtures. By simply assuming that the sources are dependent only through their variances and have temporal correlations, variance DCA was established. The efficiency of DCA for estimation of source UV spectral profiles was qualified by synthetic mixed UV data. It was shown that the estimation efficiency of DCA is b

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Omberg, Kristin M., Jill C. Osborn, Shuliang L. Zhang, James P. Freyer, Judith R. Mourant, and Jon R. Schoonover. "Raman Spectroscopy and Factor Analysis of Tumorigenic and Non-Tumorigenic Cells." Applied Spectroscopy 56, no. 7 (July 2002): 813–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/000370202760171464.

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Raman spectra, measured for viable suspensions of M1 and MR1 cells, demonstrate spectral differences correlating with an increased protein and phospholipid content relative to DNA in the MR1 cells. The M1 and MR1 cell lines consist of rat fibroblast cells that have been transfected with a gene causing immortality, and the MR1 line has been further transfected with a gene causing tumor formation. The cell suspensions were prepared from monolayer cultures in the same phase of growth and remained viable throughout the experiment. The Raman data have been further examined by principal factor analy

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Hamilton, Victoria E., Christopher W. Haberle, and Thomas G. Mayerhöfer. "Effects of small crystallite size on the thermal infrared (vibrational) spectra of minerals." American Mineralogist 105, no. 11 (November 1, 2020): 1756–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/am-2020-7602.

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Abstract The thermal infrared (TIR, or vibrational) emission spectra of a suite of synthetic Mg-Fe olivines exhibit notable differences from their natural igneous counterparts in terms of their band shapes, relative depths, and reduced shifts in some band positions with Mg-Fe solid solution. Comparable reflectance spectra acquired from olivine-dominated matrices and fusion crusts of some carbonaceous chondrite meteorites exhibit similar deviations. Here we show that these unusual spectral characteristics are consistent with crystallite sizes much smaller than the resolution limit of infrared l

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Chiba, Toru, Yoshimi Obara, Masaharu Murata, and Tomohiko Akahoshi. "Advanced multispectral image-processing endoscopy system for visualizing two-dimensional hemoglobin saturation and relative hemoglobin concentration." Endoscopy International Open 07, no. 11 (October 22, 2019): E1442—E1447. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0990-9189.

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Abstract Background and study aims The association of tumor hypoxia and vascularization with malignant progression is recognized, and detection by measuring tissue hemoglobin (Hb) saturation and concentration has attracted attention. In this study, we designed a simple algorithm and multispectral image-processing endoscopy system to map relative Hb concentration and Hb saturation for detection of tumors in small animal viscera in vivo. Materials and methods We designed and validated an optical filter-equipped endoscope system for two-dimensional visualization of Hb concentration and saturation

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Jiang, Eric Y., William J. McCarthy, David L. Drapcho, and Richard A. Crocombe. "Generalized Two-Dimensional Fourier Transform Infrared Photoacoustic Spectral Depth-Profiling Analysis." Applied Spectroscopy 51, no. 11 (November 1997): 1736–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702971939442.

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This paper reports the first application of a generalized two-dimensional (G2D) correlation method in photoacoustic spectral depth-profiling analysis of laminate/heterogeneous samples. In this method, photoacoustic magnitude spectra at different modulation frequencies are used to generate two-dimensional (2D) correlation spectra. The relative spatial origins of correlated signals are then determined from the signs of the corresponding contours. The unique features and advantages of this technique over previously reported depth-profiling methods are demonstrated and discussed. These include sim

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Bauer, Jacob Renzo, Arnoud A. Bruins, Jon Yngve Hardeberg, and Rudolf M. Verdaasdonk. "A Spectral Filter Array Camera for Clinical Monitoring and Diagnosis: Proof of Concept for Skin Oxygenation Imaging." Journal of Imaging 5, no. 8 (July 26, 2019): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jimaging5080066.

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The emerging technology of spectral filter array (SFA) cameras has great potential for clinical applications, due to its unique capability for real time spectral imaging, at a reasonable cost. This makes such cameras particularly suitable for quantification of dynamic processes such as skin oxygenation. Skin oxygenation measurements are useful for burn wound healing assessment and as an indicator of patient complications in the operating room. Due to their unique design, in which all pixels of the image sensor are equipped with different optical filters, SFA cameras require specific image proc

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Der, Z. A., M. R. Hirano, and R. H. Shumway. "Coherent processing of regional signals at small seismic arrays." Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 80, no. 6B (December 1, 1990): 2161–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/bssa08006b2161.

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Abstract Regional arrivals, similarly to short-period teleseismic P waves, have a spectral structure that the Fourier transforms of individual sensors at arrays for events located in limited source regions can be decomposed into source and site spectral factors. This structure has been demonstrated to be valid for Pn and Lg arrivals at NORESS. This property of regional arrivals can be exploited for: (a) Grouping events with respect to relative location; (b) Identifying events with differing source mechanisms; and (c) Finding differences in the source time functions between closely spaced event

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Yang, Jeong-Gyu, and Hee-Duk Park. "Real Time Relative Radiometric Calibration Processing of Short Wave Infra-Red Sensor for Hyper Spectral Imager." Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information 21, no. 11 (November 30, 2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.9708/jksci.2016.21.11.001.

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Gandour, Jack, Donald Wong, Mark Lowe, Mario Dzemidzic, Nakarin Satthamnuwong, Yunxia Tong, and Xiaojian Li. "A Cross-Linguistic fMRI Study of Spectral and Temporal Cues Underlying Phonological Processing." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 14, no. 7 (October 1, 2002): 1076–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/089892902320474526.

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It remains a matter of controversy precisely what kind of neural mechanisms underlie functional asymmetries in speech processing. Whereas some studies support speech-specific circuits, others suggest that lateralization is dictated by relative computational demands of complex auditory signals in the spectral or time domains. To examine how the brain processes linguistically relevant spectral and temporal information, a functional magnetic resonance imaging study was conducted using Thai speech, in which spectral processing associated with lexical tones and temporal processing associated with v

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Schläpfer, D., R. Richter, C. Popp, and P. Nygren. "DROACOR<sup>®</sup> REFLECTANCE RETRIEVAL FOR HYPERSPECTRAL MINERAL EXPLORATION USING A GROUND-BASED ROTATING PLATFORM." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIII-B3-2021 (June 28, 2021): 209–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliii-b3-2021-209-2021.

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Abstract. The acquisition of imaging spectroscopy data from ground based rotating stages is a novel approach which is more and more used in open pit mines for prospection and controlling. The special radiometric situation of such data sets asks for new processing approaches for geometric processing as well as for reflectance retrieval. Herein, a new method for atmospheric correction and relative reflectance retrieval is presented which is optimized for the special horizontal scanning situation by hyperspectral instruments from rotating ground based platforms. The method is implemented within t

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Munira, Sirajum, James J. Dynes, Mofizul Islam, Fahad Khan, Theresa Adesanya, Tom Z. Regier, Kurt A. Spokas, and Annemieke Farenhorst. "Relative proportions of organic carbon functional groups in biochars as influenced by spectral data collection and processing." Chemosphere 283 (November 2021): 131023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131023.

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Anandan, V. K., C. J. Pan, T. Rajalakshmi, and G. Ramachandra Reddy. "Multitaper spectral analysis of atmospheric radar signals." Annales Geophysicae 22, no. 11 (November 29, 2004): 3995–4003. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-22-3995-2004.

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Abstract. Multitaper spectral analysis using sinusoidal taper has been carried out on the backscattered signals received from the troposphere and lower stratosphere by the Gadanki Mesosphere-Stratosphere-Troposphere (MST) radar under various conditions of the signal-to-noise ratio. Comparison of study is made with sinusoidal taper of the order of three and single tapers of Hanning and rectangular tapers, to understand the relative merits of processing under the scheme. Power spectra plots show that echoes are better identified in the case of multitaper estimation, especially in the region of a

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Marang, Ian J., Patrick Filippi, Tim B. Weaver, Bradley J. Evans, Brett M. Whelan, Thomas F. A. Bishop, Mohammed O. F. Murad, Dhahi Al-Shammari, and Guy Roth. "Machine Learning Optimised Hyperspectral Remote Sensing Retrieves Cotton Nitrogen Status." Remote Sensing 13, no. 8 (April 7, 2021): 1428. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13081428.

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Hyperspectral imaging spectrometers mounted on unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) can capture high spatial and spectral resolution to provide cotton crop nitrogen status for precision agriculture. The aim of this research was to explore machine learning use with hyperspectral datacubes over agricultural fields. Hyperspectral imagery was collected over a mature cotton crop, which had high spatial (~5.2 cm) and spectral (5 nm) resolution over the spectral range 475–925 nm that allowed discrimination of individual crop rows and field features as well as a continuous spectral range for calculating deri

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Dolomatova, Milana M., Mikhail Yu Dolomatov, Rashid I. Hairudinov, Ildar R. Hairudinov, and Rafael S. Manapov. "Predicting possibility of the fractional composition high-viscosity oils by the integral optical spectral characteristics." Butlerov Communications 60, no. 12 (December 31, 2019): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.37952/roi-jbc-01/19-60-12-43.

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Express determination of the properties of hydrocarbon fractions is of great practical importance for operational control of operating modes of various technological equipment in petrochemical and oil refining industries. Currently, complex equipment is required to determine the fractional composition of high-viscosity oils. Analysis of the fractional composition on this equipment is a long process and takes several hours. Therefore, to solve the problem of Express oil quality control, the task of finding ways to quickly determine the fractional composition is urgent. The purpose of this study

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Wollman, Indiana, Pablo Arias, Jean-Julien Aucouturier, and Benjamin Morillon. "Neural entrainment to music is sensitive to melodic spectral complexity." Journal of Neurophysiology 123, no. 3 (March 1, 2020): 1063–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00758.2018.

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During auditory perception, neural oscillations are known to entrain to acoustic dynamics but their role in the processing of auditory information remains unclear. As a complex temporal structure that can be parameterized acoustically, music is particularly suited to address this issue. In a combined behavioral and EEG experiment in human participants, we investigated the relative contribution of temporal (acoustic dynamics) and nontemporal (melodic spectral complexity) dimensions of stimulation on neural entrainment, a stimulus-brain coupling phenomenon operationally defined here as the tempo

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Chen, Zhen, and Lan Cai. "Volume Water Content Prediction of Variable Bulk Density Soil Based on Spectral Characteristics." Applied Mechanics and Materials 321-324 (June 2013): 309–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.321-324.309.

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In order to eliminate effects of soil bulk density variance and soil properties difference on soil water content forecast precision, a method was proposed to forecast soil volume water content based on near-infrared spectroscopy. This paper investigated relationship between volume water content and near infrared spectral reflectance characteristics in 900-2500nm band, used spectral parameters and support vector machine to built quantitative prediction model for three type variable bulk density soil volume water content, normalized signal characteristics by relative dry soil characteristic vect

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Lin, Junyi, Xiangyu Zhang, Kaiyun Liu, and Wenjie Zhang. "Emissivity Characteristics of Hydrocarbon Flame and Temperature Measurement by Color Image Processing." Energies 12, no. 11 (June 7, 2019): 2185. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12112185.

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Non-gray radiation should be considered in the temperature and emissivity measurements of hydrocarbon flames. In this paper an improved ratio pyrometry by spectral analysis and color image processing is proposed. A Newton-type iterative method is utilized to analyze the spectrometer signals for the detection of monochromatic emissivity, and then the ratio pyrometry based on color image processing is corrected by the detected monochromatic emissivity without making approximations of the filter profiles of CCD camera. The experiments were conducted on a tubular heating furnace with coal gas and

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Tsai, Tsung-Heng, Meena Choi, Balazs Banfai, Yansheng Liu, Brendan X. MacLean, Tom Dunkley, and Olga Vitek. "Selection of Features with Consistent Profiles Improves Relative Protein Quantification in Mass Spectrometry Experiments." Molecular & Cellular Proteomics 19, no. 6 (March 31, 2020): 944–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/mcp.ra119.001792.

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In bottom-up mass spectrometry-based proteomics, relative protein quantification is often achieved with data-dependent acquisition (DDA), data-independent acquisition (DIA), or selected reaction monitoring (SRM). These workflows quantify proteins by summarizing the abundances of all the spectral features of the protein (e.g. precursor ions, transitions or fragments) in a single value per protein per run. When abundances of some features are inconsistent with the overall protein profile (for technological reasons such as interferences, or for biological reasons such as post-translational modifi

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Skylas, Daniel J., Mark P. Molloy, Robert D. Willows, Hayfa Salman, Christopher L. Blanchard, and Ken J. Quail. "Effect of Processing on Mungbean (Vigna radiata) Flour Nutritional Properties and Protein Composition." Journal of Agricultural Science 10, no. 11 (October 15, 2018): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v10n11p16.

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Pulses are traditionally processed prior to consumption, providing opportunities for modifying nutritional composition, dependant on the type of pulse and method used. In this study, we investigated the effect of whole seed, dehulling (dahl), germination and roasting on changes in mungbean flour nutritional properties, protein composition and relative protein abundance. Processed flours were analysed and compared for protein content, moisture, fat, ash, dietary fibre, total starch and amylose. Significant differences were imparted on dietary fibre content, with roasting and germination increas

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Fiori, C. E., and C. R. Swyt. "Is spectrometer resolution or system count rate performance more important in quantitative energy-dispersive x-ray microanalysis?" Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 50, no. 2 (August 1992): 1770–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100133485.

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Recently, important improvements have been achieved in both the resolution of energy dispersive spectrometers (EDS) and their count rate performance. Figure 1 is a plot of the count rate performance versus resolution for one EDS system. This particular system was chosen for our study because data were available for 6 pulse processing times. It can be seen that there is a direct trade off between count rate performance and energy resolution. The purpose of this study is to examine the consequences of the various pulse processor conditions for quantitative analysis. A number of analytical proble

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Dolce, G., F. Riganello, M. Quintieri, A. Candelieri, and D. Conforti. "Personal Interaction in the Vegetative State." Journal of Psychophysiology 22, no. 3 (January 2008): 150–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0269-8803.22.3.150.

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Background and purpose: Brain processing at varying levels of functional complexity and emotional reactions to relatives are anecdotally reported by the caregivers of patients in a vegetative state. In this study, computer-assisted machine-learning procedures were applied to identify heart rate variability changes or galvanic skin responses to a relative’s presence. Methods: The skin conductance (galvanic skin response) and heart beats were continuously recorded in 12 patients in a vegetative state, at rest (baseline) and while approached by a relative (usually the mother; test condition) or b

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Qu, Yanhuai, Shuai Zhang, and Qingkai Han. "Comparison of Non-linear Signals Analysis Methods." MATEC Web of Conferences 232 (2018): 01014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201823201014.

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In modern engineering, linear is relative, while non-linear and non-stationary is absolute. There are many methods in non-linear signals processing. How to select a most suitable analysis method quickly for the nonlinear signal is particularly important, which can improve the signal processing efficiently. In this paper, three common analysis methods for nonlinear signals, Wavelet spectrum, Hilbert spectral analysis (HSA) and Poincaré mapping are researched and analyzed by some typical nonlinear signals from the complex electromechanical model test system. The effectiveness and application sco

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Markelin, L., E. Honkavaara, R. Näsi, N. Viljanen, T. Rosnell, T. Hakala, M. Vastaranta, T. Koivisto, and M. Holopainen. "RADIOMETRIC CORRECTION OF MULTITEMPORAL HYPERSPECTRAL UAS IMAGE MOSAICS OF SEEDLING STANDS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-3/W3 (October 19, 2017): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-3-w3-113-2017.

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Novel miniaturized multi- and hyperspectral imaging sensors on board of unmanned aerial vehicles have recently shown great potential in various environmental monitoring and measuring tasks such as precision agriculture and forest management. These systems can be used to collect dense 3D point clouds and spectral information over small areas such as single forest stands or sample plots. Accurate radiometric processing and atmospheric correction is required when data sets from different dates and sensors, collected in varying illumination conditions, are combined. Performance of novel radiometri

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Magendran, T., and S. Sanjeevi. "Processing and Analysis of Hyperspectral Fingerprints to Characterise Haematite of Singbhum Iron Ore Belt, Orissa, India." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-8 (December 23, 2014): 1341–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-8-1341-2014.

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The demand for iron ore has been increasing in the recent years, thereby requiring the adoption of fast and accurate approaches to iron ore exploration and its grade-assessment. It is in this context that hyperspectral sensing is deemed as a potential tool. This paper examines the potential of hyperspectral fingerprints in the visible, NIR and SWIR regions of the EMR to assess the grades of haematite of the western Singhbhum iron ore belt of Orissa, eastern India, in a rapid manner. Certain spectro-radiometric measurements and geochemical analysis were carried out and the results have been pre

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Gao, S. "A Bayesian nonlinear inversion of seismic body-wave attenuation factors." Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 87, no. 4 (August 1, 1997): 961–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/bssa0870040961.

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Abstract It is a well-known fact that the uncertainties in measuring relative attenuation factors within a local or regional seismic network are usually high, due to noise of different kinds and unrealistic assumptions. Numerical experiments using nine synthetic seismograms, created using t* values ranging from 0.1 to 0.9 sec, reveal that the commonly used spectral ratio method is strongly affected by the selection of data processing parameters such as width of the spectral smoothing window, reference station, and so on. The numerical experiments demonstrate that a Bayesian nonlinear inversion

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Waddell, Walter H., Kimberly A. Benzing, Larry R. Evans, Syed K. Mowdood, David A. Weil, John M. McMahon, Robert H. Cody, and James A. Kinsinger. "Laser Mass Spectral Investigations of Rubber Compound Surface Species." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 64, no. 4 (September 1, 1991): 622–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3538577.

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Abstract Laser desorption mass spectrometry has proven a uniquely useful technique for the direct characterization of rubber-compound surface species. Mass spectra were obtained for intact molecular ions (M+) of organic chemical rubber additives such as the aromatic processing oil, and the aromatic antiozonant and antioxidants incorporated to protect the rubber. Molecular-weight information from the molecular ions and structural information from the fragmentation ions could be obtained without interference from the fragmentation peaks of the rubber backbone. Rubber compounding ingredients were

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Zhang, Li, Charles B. Theurer, Robert X. Gao, and David O. Kazmer. "Analytic Wavelet-Based Ultrasonic Pulse Differentiation for Injection Mold Cavity Pressure Measurement." Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering 128, no. 1 (July 20, 2005): 370–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2123048.

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A new signal-processing technique based on analytic wavelet transform has been developed for detecting and differentiating temporally overlapped ultrasonic pulse trains that carry spatially distributed pressure information across an injection mold cavity. Compared to conventional wavelets that have a constant relative bandwidth at all the scales, the analytic wavelets investigated in this paper feature variable relative bandwidth, making it possible to simultaneously match the frequency characteristics of the ultrasonic pulse trains transmitted from the mold-embedded pressure sensors. As a res

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Nikanorov, Nikolai, and Alexey Artemov. "COMBINED METHOD OF CENTERING LENSES OF OPAQUE IN THE VISIBLE SPECTRUM OF MATERIALS." Interexpo GEO-Siberia 8 (2019): 269–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2618-981x-2019-8-269-278.

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The mixed method of optical components which is nontransparent in visual spectral range during frame processing is discussed. Theproposed method requires the following: one lens surface is positioned under mechanical control method and another lens surface is positioned under optical control method (collimation method) in floating holder. The article presents the comparison of the mixed method with centration method by two Zabelin tubes, and relative decentering measurements of lenses in frames centered by means of these methods.

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Sagaidachnyi, A. A., D. A. Usanov, A. V. Skripal, and A. V. Fomin. "Thermal imaging of the skin blood flow oscillations in extremities: modification of the spectral components." Regional blood circulation and microcirculation 14, no. 1 (March 30, 2015): 46–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.24884/1682-6655-2015-14-1-46-52.

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Objective. The aim of the study was description of the method of skin blood flow imaging via spectral processing of the dynamic thermograms of extremities. Materials and methods. The method realized by decomposition of the temperature signal into spectral components, modification of the spectral components and inverse transform of the spectral components into a new signal, which is considered as blood flow. Modification of spectral components was accomplished taking into account skin properties, and intended for the compensation of attenuation and time lag of temperature spectral components re

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Tian, Gao, Yan Yang, and Wang Qi. "Research of Radar Waveform Based on Pulse Position Jitter and Relative LPI Performance Analysis." Applied Mechanics and Materials 457-458 (October 2013): 1338–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.457-458.1338.

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The low probability of intercept (LPI) radar waveform is reflected in a lower pulse power and complex structure of the pulse series. The previous one ensures that it avoids being intercepted by the electronic measures system (ESM) carried by the goal; the latter makes it difficult for ESM to separate and identify. As for pulse position jitter pulse array, because of pulse position's random jitter in a specific pulse interval of the pulse repetition interval (PRI), the spectrum broadens and spectral density reduces, making it hard for the ESM to intercept. Meanwhile, because the waveform doesn'

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Morris, Michael D., Kenneth A. Christensen, and Nancy L. Bradley. "Raman imaging in the real world." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 54 (August 11, 1996): 254–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100163733.

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Recent technological advances including high spectral resolution liquid-crystal tunable filters and high-transmission well-corrected imaging spectrographs have made Raman microscopy a practical technique for study of real-world chemical systems. With modem multivariate signal processing techniques, such as image reconstruction and principal components analysis (PCA) detailed information can be obtained from sets of relatively noisy images or spectra. In this talk we discuss techniques and results in two areas of materials chemistry: crystallization and freeze-drying mechanisms of alkali phosph

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Fiodоrtsev, R. V., A. R. Silie Cuenca, D. A. Kozhevnikov, V. M. Medina, and R. Delgado. "Application of Satellite Image Processing Methods for Hydrocarbon Field Search." Devices and Methods of Measurements 10, no. 4 (December 12, 2019): 373–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/2220-9506-2019-10-4-373-381.

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The object of the study is software methods of the Earth surface images processing obtained from the VRSS-2 satellite to determine the spectral composition of the vegetation cover to detect the presence of carotenoids during prolonged exposure to hydrocarbons.The photosynthetic pigments of higher plants (chlorophylls, carotenoids and phytobiliproteins) were analyzed. In the chloroplasts of higher plants, chlorophyll and carotenoids are present in a ratio of about 3:1. The presence of hydrocarbons increases the amount of carotenoids. Carotenoids have absorption bands in the blue-violet region f

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Tran, Hai-Tan, Emma Heading, and Brian W. H. Ng. "On the Slow-Time k-Space and its Augmentation in Doppler Radar Tomography." Sensors 20, no. 2 (January 16, 2020): 513. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20020513.

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Doppler Radar Tomography (DRT) relies on spatial diversity from rotational motion of a target rather than spectral diversity from wide bandwidth signals. The slow-time k-space is a novel form of the spatial frequency space generated by the relative rotational motion of a target at a single radar frequency, which can be exploited for high-resolution target imaging by a narrowband radar with Doppler tomographic signal processing. This paper builds on a previously published work and demonstrates, with real experimental data, a unique and interesting characteristic of the slow-time k-space: it can

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Nguyen, Lydia, Shraddha Shende, Daniel Llano, and Raksha Mudar. "EEG Measures of Value-Directed Strategic Processing in Older Adults With and Without Mild Cognitive Impairment." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 292–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.937.

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Abstract Value-directed strategic processing is important for daily functioning. It allows selective processing of important information and inhibition of irrelevant information. This ability is relatively preserved in normal cognitive aging, but it is unclear if mild cognitive impairment (MCI) affects strategic processing and its underlying neurophysiological mechanisms. The current study examined behavioral and EEG spectral power differences between 16 cognitively normal older adults (CNOA; mean age: 74.5 ± 4.0 years) and 16 individuals with MCI (mean age: 77.1 ± 4.3 years) linked to a value

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Choudhury, Sutanay, and V. Chandrasekar. "Wideband Reception and Processing for Dual-Polarization Radars with Dual Transmitters." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 24, no. 1 (January 1, 2007): 95–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech1958.1.

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Abstract Oversampling pulsed Doppler radar returns at a rate larger than the pulse bandwidth, whitening the range samples, and subsequent averaging has been pursued as a potential way to decrease the measured standard deviation of signal parameter estimates. It has been shown that the application of oversampling, whitening, and subsequent averaging improves the quality of reflectivity, mean velocity, and spectral width estimates in agreement with theory. Application of this procedure to a dual-polarization radar with dual transmitters is evaluated in this paper. Oversampled data collected from

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Kohonen, Kukka-Maaria, Pasi Kolari, Linda M. J. Kooijmans, Huilin Chen, Ulli Seibt, Wu Sun, and Ivan Mammarella. "Towards standardized processing of eddy covariance flux measurements of carbonyl sulfide." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 13, no. 7 (July 22, 2020): 3957–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-3957-2020.

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Abstract. Carbonyl sulfide (COS) flux measurements with the eddy covariance (EC) technique are becoming popular for estimating gross primary productivity. To compare COS flux measurements across sites, we need standardized protocols for data processing. In this study, we analyze how various data processing steps affect the calculated COS flux and how they differ from carbon dioxide (CO2) flux processing steps, and we provide a method for gap-filling COS fluxes. Different methods for determining the time lag between COS mixing ratio and the vertical wind velocity (w) resulted in a maximum of 15

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Xu, Ze Min, and Yu Jing Sun. "Impact Analysis of Ultrahigh Pressure Treatment Pesticide Residues in Vegetables on near Infrared Spectroscopy Detection." Applied Mechanics and Materials 142 (November 2011): 46–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.142.46.

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In order to simplify the process of detecting pesticide residues in vegetables, reducing detection time to find a more efficient detection method, ultrahigh pressure processing technique was applied to NIR detection experiments on dimethoate residues in Chinese cabbage, the spectral data was pre-processed and optimized and a spectrum model was established. The results show that: ultrahigh-pressure extraction process did not affect the absorption of near infrared spectroscopy of extraction reagent acetone. A PLS model on near-infrared spectroscopy of samples within the range of 4100-11000cm-1 w

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Foley, Elaine, Gina Rippon, and Carl Senior. "Modulation of Neural Oscillatory Activity during Dynamic Face Processing." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 30, no. 3 (March 2018): 338–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01209.

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Various neuroimaging and neurophysiological methods have been used to examine neural activation patterns in response to faces. However, much of previous research has relied on static images of faces, which do not allow a complete description of the temporal structure of face-specific neural activities to be made. More recently, insights are emerging from fMRI studies about the neural substrates that underpin our perception of naturalistic dynamic face stimuli, but the temporal and spectral oscillatory activity associated with processing dynamic faces has yet to be fully characterized. Here, we

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Margrave, Gary F. "Seismic signal band estimation by interpretation of f-x spectra." GEOPHYSICS 64, no. 1 (January 1999): 251–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1444522.

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The signal band of reflection seismic data is that portion of the temporal Fourier spectrum which is dominated by reflected source energy. The signal bandwidth directly determines the spatial and temporal resolving power and is a useful measure of the value of such data. The realized signal band, which is the signal band of seismic data as optimized in processing, may be estimated by the interpretation of appropriately constructed f-x spectra. A temporal window, whose length has a specified random fluctuation from trace to trace, is applied to an ensemble of seismic traces, and the temporal Fo

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Marcolli, C., M. R. Canagaratna, D. R. Worsnop, R. Bahreini, J. A. de Gouw, C. Warneke, P. D. Goldan, et al. "Cluster Analysis of the Organic Peaks in Bulk Mass Spectra Obtained During the 2002 New England Air Quality Study with an Aerodyne Aerosol Mass Spectrometer." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 6, no. 12 (December 19, 2006): 5649–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-6-5649-2006.

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Abstract. We applied hierarchical cluster analysis to an Aerodyne aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS) bulk mass spectral dataset collected aboard the NOAA research vessel R. H. Brown during the 2002 New England Air Quality Study off the east coast of the United States. Emphasizing the organic peaks, the cluster analysis yielded a series of categories that are distinguishable with respect to their mass spectra and their occurrence as a function of time. The differences between the categories mainly arise from relative intensity changes rather than from the presence or absence of specific peaks. The

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Lee, Jeong-Seok, Gyuhae Park, Chun-Gon Kim, and Charles R. Farrar. "Use of Relative Baseline Features of Guided Waves for In situ Structural Health Monitoring." Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 22, no. 2 (January 2011): 175–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1045389x10395643.

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This article presents a new signal-processing technique, which utilizes ‘‘relative baselines’’ instead of ‘‘pre-stored baselines,’’ for Lamb wave based SHM. Several successful SHM methods utilizing wave propagations usually involve recording baseline measurements and comparing them to a newly measured response for structural damage identification. However, maintaining an accurate database of baselines remains challenging because of the effects of varying environmental conditions. Therefore, in this study, the relative baseline concept is proposed, in which measured Lamb waves are correlated be

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Guryleva, Anastasiya V., Alexei M. Khorokhorov, and Vitaly S. Kobozev. "Methods Of Increasing Spectral Resolution Of Imaging Spectrometers Built On The Basis Of Multi–channel Radiation Detectors." Volume 28, Number 6, 2020, no. 03-2020 (December 2020): 95–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.33383/2019-098.

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The article proposes the methods of object shooting by means of a spectrometer based on a multi-channel radiation detector and further processing of its results allowing spectral resolution of such spectrometers significantly to increase with the same original spatial resolution. The mathematical model of the shooting process is provided. It is determined that restoration of spectral radiance of objects based on the shooting data using the proposed method is a mathematically incorrect inverse task. The Greville method, the method of wavelet transformation, the Tikhonov regularisation method, a

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Castro, Jeyne Pricylla, Edenir Rodrigues Pereira-Filho, and Rasmus Bro. "Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) spectra interpretation and characterization using parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC): a new procedure for data and spectral interference processing fostering the waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) recycling process." Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 35, no. 6 (2020): 1115–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ja00026d.

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For the first time, PARAFAC was used to interpret and characterize LIBS spectra, providing the pure spectra, the signal profile and relative concentration of base and noble elements present on a printed circuit board from the hard disk.

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Kozyolkin, O. A., and A. A. Kuznietsov. "ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHIC MARKERS OF LATERAL SHIFTS OF BRAIN MIDLINE STRUCTURES IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE SPONTANEOUS SUPRATENTORIAL INTRACEREBRAL HAEMORRHAGE." Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини: Вісник Української медичної стоматологічної академії 20, no. 3 (November 12, 2020): 124–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.31718/2077-1096.20.3.124.

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The aim of this study is to improve the diagnostic approaches in acute period of spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage by detecting the most informative parameters of spectral analysis of the electroencephalographic pattern in the evaluation of cerebral bioelectrical activity changes caused by the lateral shifts of brain midline structures. Materials and methods. We carried out clinical and paraclinical examination of 156 patients (90 men and 66 women, mean age 66,7±0,8 years) with firstly appeared hypertensive spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage. The diagnosis wa

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Boyer, E., M. Petitdidier, W. Corneil, C. Adnet, and P. Larzabal. "Application of model-based spectral analysis to wind-profiler radar observations." Annales Geophysicae 19, no. 8 (August 31, 2001): 815–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-19-815-2001.

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Abstract. A classical way to reduce a radar’s data is to compute the spectrum using FFT and then to identify the different peak contributions. But in case an overlapping between the different echoes (atmospheric echo, clutter, hydrometeor echo. . . ) exists, Fourier-like techniques provide poor frequency resolution and then sophisticated peak-identification may not be able to detect the different echoes. In order to improve the number of reduced data and their quality relative to Fourier spectrum analysis, three different methods are presented in this paper and applied to actual data. Their ap

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Basso, Luiz Carlos Pietrowski, Vagner Alex Pesck, Mailson Roik, Afonso Figueiredo Filho, Thiago Floriani Stepka, Gerson dos Santos Lisboa, Ismael Konkol, André Felipe Hess, and Ana Paula Brandalize. "Aboveground Biomass Estimates of Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze, Using Vegetation Indexes in Wolrdview-2 Image." Journal of Agricultural Science 11, no. 11 (July 31, 2019): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v11n11p93.

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The present research aims to evaluate the biomass estimates of Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze trees obtained by the direct method, then present results generated from a 2.0 m resolution spectral image Worldview-2 satellite. The quantification of the biomass in the field was first carried out of 29 trees of the specie of interest with DBH &ge; 40 cm and then with the image aid the crowns were delimited for analysis. From the spectral bands (B2-blue, B3-green, B4-yellow, B5-red, B6-near red, B7-near infrared 2 and B8-near infrared 2), it was possible to obtain vegetation indexes pro

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