Journal articles: 'Relative water content'

1

Diaz-Pérez, J. C., K. A. Shackel, and E. G. Sutter. "Relative water content and water potential of tissue 1." Journal of Experimental Botany 46, no. 1 (1995): 111–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/46.1.111.

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Raymond Hunt, E., Barrett N. Rock, and Park S. Nobel. "Measurement of leaf relative water content by infrared reflectance." Remote Sensing of Environment 22, no. 3 (August 1987): 429–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0034-4257(87)90094-0.

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Alizadeh, A., A. Toudeshki, R. Ehsani, K. Migliaccio, and D. Wang. "Detecting tree water stress using a trunk relative water content measurement sensor." Smart Agricultural Technology 1 (December 2021): 100003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atech.2021.100003.

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Chan, J. L., and J. L. Fowler. "Validation of relative water content for studying plant water relations in crambe." Industrial Crops and Products 1, no. 1 (September 1992): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0926-6690(92)90041-s.

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Lehman, V. G., M. C. Engelke, and R. H. White. "Leaf Water Potential and Relative Water Content Variation in Creeping Bentgrass Clones." Crop Science 33, no. 6 (November 1993): 1350–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1993.0011183x003300060045x.

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Biradar, Jyoti. "Study on Variability in Moisture Content and Relative Water Content in Mulberry Lines." Indian Journal of Pure & Applied Biosciences 8, no. 3 (June 30, 2020): 454–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.18782/2582-2845.8149.

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Matwiejuk, Anna. "Water content in terricolous lichens." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 69, no. 1 (2014): 55–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.2000.007.

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Investigations of the 24-hour absorption and evaporation in Cetraria ericetorum, Cetraria islandica, Cladina mitis, Cladina rangiferina, Cladonia furcata, Cladonia phyllophora were carrided out. A high correlation was found between these processes and weather conditions and especially 24-hour changes in relative air humidity and changes in temperature. These processes are correlated independently of the season of the year.

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Yu, Xiaocong, Yushu Wang, Yongfei Yang, Ke Wang, Jun Yao, Kai Zhang, Hai Sun, Lei Zhang, Wenhui Song, and Vadim Lisitsa. "Effect of particle content on relative permeabilities in water flooding." Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering 205 (October 2021): 108856. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2021.108856.

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9

Mukhlisin, Muhammad, and Almushfi Saputra. "Performance Evaluation of Volumetric Water Content and Relative Permittivity Models." Scientific World Journal 2013 (2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/421762.

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In recent years many models have been proposed for measuring soil water content (θ) based on the permittivity (ε) value. Permittivity is one of the properties used to determineθin measurements using the electromagnetic method. This method is widely used due to quite substantial differences in values ofεfor air, soil, and water, as it allows theθvalue to be measured accurately. The performance of six proposed models with one parameter (i.e., permittivity) and five proposed models with two or more parameters (i.e., permittivity, porosity, and dry bulk density of soil) is discussed and evaluated. Secondary data obtained from previous studies are used for comparison to calibrate and evaluate the models. The results show that the models with one parameter proposed by Roth et al. (1992) and Topp et al. (1980) have the greatestR2data errors, while for the model with two parameters, the model proposed by Malicki et al. (1996) agrees very well with the data compared with other models.

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Parvin, S., T. Javadi, and N. Ghaderi. "Proline, Protein, Rwc and Msi Contents Affected by Paclobutrazol and Water Deficit Treatments in Strawberry Cv. Paros." Cercetari Agronomice in Moldova 48, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 107–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cerce-2015-0022.

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Abstract Drought is one of the critical environmental stresses that affect growth and development of plants. Plants are damaged directly and indirectly under drought stress. Increasing water stress tolerance in plants is crucial. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different water stress levels (-1, -5, and -10 bars) and paclobutrazol application (0 and 50 mg-1) on strawberry cv. Paros. According to analyses of variance there were significant effects of drought stress and paclobutrazol application on leaf area, leaf dry weight, leaf relative water content (RWC), cell membrane stability index (MSI), proline and protein content of leaves. Leaf area, leaf dry weight, leaf relative water content and cell membrane stability index decreased in drought stress, especially at -10 bars. Proline and protein contents were enhanced by increasing water stress levels. Paclobutrazol application increased leaf relative water content and cell membrane stability index, proline and protein contents of leaves. Leaf relative water content was 68.77% in -10 bars drought stress that increased to 79% in paclobutrazol treatment. Also, cell membrane stability index was 69.65% in severe drought stress and reached to 77% in paclobutrazol treatment. According to the results pacloburazol is a benefit substance to ameliorate drought stress effects in strawberry cv. Paros.

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Anjorin, F. B., S. A. Adejumo, L. Agboola, and Y. D. Samuel. "Proline, Soluble Sugar, Leaf Starch and Relative Water Contents of Four Maize Varieties in Response to Different Watering Regimes." Cercetari Agronomice in Moldova 49, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 51–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cerce-2016-0025.

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Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate the response of four maize varieties to different simulated watering regimes in term of proline, starch and soluble sugar contents as well as relative water content. Maize seeds were planted in 64 plastic pots of 20 litre capacity, arranged in a factorial fitted in completely randomized design (CRD), with four replications in the screen house of the Institute of Agricultural Research and Training (I.A.R&T), Moor Plantation Ibadan. The watering was done based on the designated field capacities (FC) of 25, 50, 75 and 100%. Fresh leaf samples were collected five weeks after planting and at the end of each stress period. The proline, soluble sugar, leaf starch and the relative water contents in the leaves were estimated. The results obtained showed that watering regime significantly influenced the leaf starch, soluble sugar, proline and relative water contents. The varieties also differ significantly in the proline, soluble sugar content, leaf starch and the relative water contents. Watering regime and variety interaction was significant for soluble sugar, starch, proline and the relative water content. Highest soluble sugar of 1.28 mg/g and proline of 35.70 μmol/g FW were obtained when FC was 25% and lowest when watering level was optimum. The starch and relative water contents were optimum under full watering (100% FC) and lowest when field capacity was 25%. Variations were observed with regards to different maize varieties. ART98SW6-OB accumulated the highest quantity of soluble sugar and proline under 25 and 50% field capacities alongside DTESYN, which is a drought tolerant maize variety. It could be concluded that water stress increased production of soluble sugar and proline, while water availability increases relative water content and favors starch accumulation. The consideration of these metabolites alongside other physiological features is a very fast and reliable method for drought tolerant plant selection even at the plant seedling growth stage.

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Xie, S. X., X. Y. Xiong, Q. M. Zheng, and Y. C. Wu. "WATER STRESS AFFECTS GROWTH, RELATIVE WATER CONTENT, GAS EXCHANGE AND NITROGEN POOLS OF LOQUAT." Acta Horticulturae, no. 750 (August 2007): 261–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2007.750.41.

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Medici, L. O., A. T. Machado, R. A. Azevedo, and C. Pimentel. "Glutamine Synthetase Activity, Relative Water Content and Water Potential in Maize Submitted to Drought." Biologia plantarum 46, no. 2 (September 1, 2003): 301–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:biop.0000022271.35778.17.

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14

Wang, Jian-Jun, Wei-Hu Lin, Yan-Ting Zhao, Cheng Meng, An-Wei Ma, Long-Hai Xue, Yu Kuang, and Pei Tian. "Physiological and biochemical responses of Festuca sinensis seedlings to temperature and soil moisture stress." Functional Plant Biology 44, no. 10 (2017): 1007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp16410.

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The interaction effects between temperature and soil moisture on Festuca sinensis Keng ex E.B.Alexeev were analysed to determine how F. sinensis responds to these environmental conditions. A pot experiment was conducted in a greenhouse under simulated growth conditions with four soil moisture contents (80, 65, 50 and 35% relative saturation moisture content) and three temperature conditions (15, 20 and 25°C). Physiological (relative water content and root activity) and biochemical parameters (chlorophyll, peroxidase (POD), malondialdehyde (MDA), soluble protein, soluble sugar and free proline) were evaluated at the seedling stage. Results showed that with a decrease in soil water content, the POD activities, MDA content, soluble protein content, soluble sugar content and free proline content of plants under the 15°C and 20°C treatments initially decreased and then increased, whereas they increased with a decrease of soil water content at 25°C. The relative water contents of plants under the three temperature treatments decreased with a decreasing soil moisture content, but then increased temperature significantly reduced the relative water content of the seedlings under low soil water content. The chlorophyll contents of plants under the 25°C treatment decreased with a decrease of soil moisture content, but those of plants under the 15°C and 20°C treatments initially increased and then decreased. The root activities of plants under the 15°C and 20°C treatments increased with a decreasing soil moisture content; however, those of plants under the 25°C treatment initially increased and then decreased. Thus, results indicated that changes of temperature and soil moisture content had significant and complicated effects on the physiological-biochemical characteristics of F. sinensis; the conditions of 20°C and 65% RSMC had positive effects on F. sinensis seedling growth and the appropriate drought stress could promote the growth of seedling roots under the three different temperature conditions. In conclusion, F. sinensis seedlings could adapt to certain changes in the ecological environment by regulating their physiological and biochemical reactions.

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15

Hou, Danping, Junguo Bi, Li Ma, Kangkang Zhang, Dongyi Li, Muhammad Ishaq Asif Rehmani, Jinsong Tan, et al. "Effects of Soil Moisture Content on Germination and Physiological Characteristics of Rice Seeds with Different Specific Gravity." Agronomy 12, no. 2 (February 17, 2022): 500. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12020500.

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Soil relative water content and seed plumpness have been shown to be the key factors affecting seed germination and seedling growth of rice under direct drought cropping. It remains to be determined whether seed germination and seedling growth of water-saving and drought-resistant rice (WDR) and conventional rice with the same proportion of rice seed have the same response to soil moisture changes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the seed germination and physiological characteristics of the rice cultivars Guangliangyou 1813 (GLY-1813,indica hybrid rice) and Hanyou 73 ((HY-73), WDR) with four different specific gravities (T1, T2, T3, and T4; the rice seeds were divided into four specific gravity levels by weight using saline water, the representative specific gravities were <1.0, 1.0–1.1, 1.1–1.2 and >1.2 kg m−3, respectively), at five soil moisture content gradients (soil relative water contents of 10–20%, 20–40%, 40–60%, 60–80%, and 80–100%), under dry direct seeding conditions. The results showed that GLY-1813 had a higher germination potential, germination and seedling emergence rates, greater root dry weight, seedling dry weight, root oxidation activity, and chlorophyll content, and lower malondialdehyde (MDA) content when the soil relative water content was 20–40% or 40–60%. Cultivar HY-73 had the highest germination rate and seedling physiological activity at 20–40% relative water content; its growth vigor was better than that of GLY-1813 at the same soil moisture level. In conclusion, the soil relative water content for seed germination of HY-73 was 20–40%, which was less than that of GLY-1813. When soil relative water content was sufficient for seed germination and growth, the higher the plumpness of the rice seed, the easier it was to resist the negative effects of an adverse growth environment.

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16

Robinson, D. A., J. D. Cooper, and C. M. K. Gardner. "Modelling the relative permittivity of soils using soil hygroscopic water content." Journal of Hydrology 255, no. 1-4 (January 2002): 39–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-1694(01)00508-x.

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17

Hamran, Sveinerik, Eldar Aarholt, Jon Ove Hagen, and Per Mo. "Estimation of relative water content in a sub-polar glacier using surface-penetration radar." Journal of Glaciology 42, no. 142 (1996): 533–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022143000003518.

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AbstractRadar-sounding data taken at Uvérsbreen glacier, Svalbard, are used to estimate the relative water content of the temperate part of the glacier. The relative change in water content of the temperate part of the glacier. The relative change in water content is estimated from the strength of the backscttered radar energy without knowing the size of the scatterers. The main findings are that the water content is on average changing by a factor of five in the ice, with the exception of some bright spots believed to stem fro larger water moulins. The general trend is also that the water content is increasing with lower altitude. The applied technique may be a useful method for large-scale mapping of the relative water-content variation in temperate and polythermal glaciers.

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18

Hamran, Sveinerik, Eldar Aarholt, Jon Ove Hagen, and Per Mo. "Estimation of relative water content in a sub-polar glacier using surface-penetration radar." Journal of Glaciology 42, no. 142 (1996): 533–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/s0022143000003518.

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AbstractRadar-sounding data taken at Uvérsbreen glacier, Svalbard, are used to estimate the relative water content of the temperate part of the glacier. The relative change in water content of the temperate part of the glacier. The relative change in water content is estimated from the strength of the backscttered radar energy without knowing the size of the scatterers. The main findings are that the water content is on average changing by a factor of five in the ice, with the exception of some bright spots believed to stem fro larger water moulins. The general trend is also that the water content is increasing with lower altitude. The applied technique may be a useful method for large-scale mapping of the relative water-content variation in temperate and polythermal glaciers.

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19

Schlemmer, M. R., D. D. Francis, J. F. Shanahan, and J. S. Schepers. "Remotely Measuring Chlorophyll Content in Corn Leaves with Differing Nitrogen Levels and Relative Water Content." Agronomy Journal 97, no. 1 (January 2005): 106–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj2005.0106.

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20

WU, Jingchao, Yong LU, Biyan ZHOU, and Zhiqun HU. "Effects of cytokinin and abscisic acid on heat resistance of Vetiveria zizanioides." Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 50, no. 3 (September 22, 2022): 12755. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nbha50312755.

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Vetiveria zizanioides is ideal in maintaining soil and water, and is widely used for remediation of soil contaminated by heavy metals. However, it is affected by high-temperature stress. In this study, Vetiveria zizanioides plants were sprayed with 6-BA and ABA in a growth chamber 1 d before heat stress treatment, then the plants were subjected to high-temperature conditions. Relative water content, relative electrical conductivity, contents of ascorbic acid (AsA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) as the antioxidative substances, and content of malondiadehyde (MDA) were determined. Also, the antioxidative enzyme activities and the osmoprotectants levels were detected. Diaminobenzidine (DAB) staining of leaves and roots in Vetiveria zizanioides was observed for determination of hydrogen peroxide accumulation. The results showed that relative water content was decreased, relative electrical conductivity and MDA content were increased by the heat stress treatment. Under high-temperature conditions, relative water content was increased and relative electrical conductivity was decreased by 6-BA and ABA treatments. At the middle and the late stages of the heat stress treatment, activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT), and the contents of ASA and GSH in leaves of the 6-BA-treated and ABA-treated plants were significantly higher, whereas the MDA content was significantly lower than those in the high-temperature controls. Hydrogen peroxide accumulation levels in the 6-BA-treated and ABA-treated leaves and roots were lower than in the high-temperature controls. Contents of soluble sugar, sucrose, and glucose in the 6-BA-treated and ABA-treated leaves were significantly higher than those in the high-temperature controls. Proline content in the 6-BA-treated and ABA-treated leaves was stable. The results suggested that the enhancement of the heat resistance by 6-BA and ABA treatments was correlated with the activation of the antioxidant system, as well as the sugar-based osmoprotectant.

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Chen, Cunli, Dengfei Zhang, and Jie Zhang. "Influence of stress and water content on air permeability of intact loess." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 54, no. 9 (September 2017): 1221–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2016-0186.

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Air permeability is one of the key parameters in performing consolidation analysis of unsaturated soil. Few data are available regarding the air permeability for intact loess under different applied stresses. The work reported in this paper evaluated the air permeability at isotropic stress using data obtained from laboratory investigations for intact loess. Air permeability tests were performed on specimens of intact loess at various water contents and isotropic stresses. Stress remarkably affected air permeability as a function of both liquid saturation and volumetric air content. There were all unique relationships not only between relative air permeability and liquid saturation as well as relative volumetric air content, but also between air permeability and modified air saturation for different stresses. The relative air permeability against liquid saturation could be well described by the Parker–van Genuchten–Mulaem (P-vG-M) model in terms of total liquid saturation. The relationship between relative air permeability and relative volumetric air content could be more conveniently expressed by the reference point power law (RPL) model, using the reference point values at natural water content rather than that at air-dried water content. Compared with the other two models, the proposed modified air saturation power law (MAPL) model was more appropriate to predict the air permeability.

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22

Chen, Chuhe, J. Scott Cameron, and Ann Marie VanDerZanden. "327 LEAF WATER POTENTIAL, RELATIVE WATER CONTENT AND GAS EXCHANGE OF STRAWBERRY LEAVES IN RESPONSE TO WATE.R STRESS." HortScience 29, no. 5 (May 1994): 477d—477. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.5.477d.

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Leaf water potential (LWP). relative water content (RWC), gas exchange rates and 4th-derivative spectra were measured in water-stressed and normally Irrigated plank of Totem' strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) grown in a growth chamber. CO2 assimilation rate (A) dropped sharply when LWP decreased from -0.5 to -1.2 MPa and almost ceased as LWP fell below -1.5 MPa. There was a significant but more gradual decline of A as RWC decreased form 90% to 55%. An exponential relationship with A was observed across a wide range of LWP and RWC (Rz= 0.64, 0.86, respectively). LWP was more closely related with transpiration and leaf and stomatal conductances than with A and water use efficiency. RWC was highly correlated with all gas exchange parameters. Under moderate water stress, younger leaves maintain higher RWC and A than older leaves. There was no relationship between LWP and leaf age. RWC and A were both negatively correlated with peak amplitudes of Ca 684 and Ca 697 and positively correlated with Ca 693 in their 4th-derivative spectra of chlorophyll. LWP had a negative correlation with Cb 640.

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23

Ali, Murad, Jehan Bakht, and Gul Daraz Khan. "Effect of Water Deficiency and Potassium Application on Plant Growth, Osmolytes and Grain Yield of Brassica Napus Cultivars." Acta Botanica Croatica 73, no. 2 (October 28, 2014): 299–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/botcro-2014-0016.

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Abstract One of the major issues with brassica oil seed production is the water requirement of the brassica crop. To address the problem, field experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of potassium (K) and water deficiency levels on canola (Brassica napus L.). Analysis of the data revealed that application of K, irrigation and interactions between irrigation and cultivar (I x C), irrigation and potassium (I x K), potassium and cultivar (K x C), and irrigation and cultivar and potassium (I x C x K) had a significant (p < 0.05) effect on shoot proline content, relative water content, plant fresh weight and grain yield. Potassium application, irrigation and interaction between I x C, K x C, and I x C x K had a significant (p < 0.05) effect on shoot sugar content. Water deficiency increased shoot proline and sugar contents and decreased relative water content. Potassium application increased shoot proline level in a dose dependent manner. Minimum proline and sugar contents and maximum relative water content, plant fresh and dry weight and yield were obtained when 100% irrigation was applied. Maximum grain yield was obtained upon application of 100% irrigation in combination with 120 kg ha−1 K.

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Shanker, Kripa, S. K. S. Parihar, S. K. Biswas, and Kuldeep. "Effect of saline water on relative water content, rate of photosynthesis, chlorophyll content and yield of indian mustard (Brassica junceal.)." International Journal of Bio-resource and Stress Management 5, no. 1 (2014): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/j.0976-4038.5.1.006.

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Kumar, A., and S. Sharma. "Genetics of excised-leaf water loss and relative water content in bread wheat (Triticum aestivumL.)." Cereal Research Communications 35, no. 1 (March 2007): 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/crc.35.2007.1.6.

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Kubojima, Y., Y. Suzuki, M. Tonosaki, and A. Ishikawa. "Moisture Content of Green Wood in High Temperature Water Vapor." Holzforschung 57, no. 6 (October 30, 2003): 634–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf.2003.095.

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Summary Changes in the moisture content of green sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis Carr.) during heating in environments of over 100°C and 1 atm were measured. Temperature and weight were measured in a highly accelerated stress test (HAST) chamber. The set temperature and relative humidity ranges were 107–160°C and 75–99%, respectively. The change in the temperature of a specimen was roughly divided into 4 steps. Equilibrium moisture contents at lower temperatures and pressures were similar to previous estimates, while at higher temperatures and pressures they were higher than previous results. A diagram of temperature–relative humidity–pressure–equilibrium moisture content in the range of 105–160°C, 75–99% RH and 0.02–0.39 MPa was obtained experimentally.

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Zhang, Jing, Bing Han, and Peng Liu. "Application of Radar Technology on Concrete Water Content Testing." Advanced Materials Research 250-253 (May 2011): 3103–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.250-253.3103.

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This paper presents researches on the technique for testing water content and moisture field in concrete by GPR. Through the experiments, a discussion has been carried out on the variation of velocity of radar waves and the relative dielectric constants in the concrete with different water content. Comparing the results of air drying and drying experiment, an equation is given to reflect the relation between the water content in the concrete and the radar speed of radar waves in the concrete, also the relative dielectric constants of concrete. Some suggestions are proposed for the actual concrete water content test by using Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR).

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Fülesdi, Béla, Szabolcs Farkas, Zoltán Gyöngyösi, Péter Siró, Dániel Bereczki, József Bacsó, and László Csiba. "Correlation between calcium, water contents and ultrasonographic appearance of atherosclerotic lesions of carotid artery lesions." Translational Neuroscience 11, no. 1 (August 24, 2020): 269–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/tnsci-2020-0115.

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AbstractBackgroundWe tested the hypothesis whether there is a correlation between the echogenicity and calcium and water contents of carotid plaques.Patients and methodsNinety carotid befurcations from 45 deceased patients were removed during autopsy. Thirty-four plaques were categorized as homogenous echolucent (HEL), homogenous echogenic (HEG) and heterogenous (HE) plaques based on premortem B-mode image. Water content was expressed in % of wet weight. Ca was determined by proton-induced X-ray emission and expressed in ppm. Relative optical density of the B-mode images was analyzed offline using a computer program.ResultsHEL plaques had lower Ca content (medians and IQRs: 6,145 [4,465–6,536 ppm]) compared to HEG (74,100 [15,300–1,44,500−ppm]), P ≤ 0.001). HE plaques showed an intermediate calcium content (7,310 [4,840–9,920 ppm]) that was statistically not different from echolucent plaques. Water content of HEG plaques was statistically not different from HEL and HE (HEG:53.5 [35.5–64%], HEL: 73.5 [69.7–78.5%], HE: 70.6 [67.4–73.9%]). HEG plaques had the highest relative optical densities (196 [188–217%]). HEL and HE had similar relative optical densities (HEL: 176 [164–187%], HE: 164 [144–188%], respectively). A significant positive correlation was found between the Ca content and relative optical density of plaques.ConclusionsEchogenicity of carotid plaques increases along with their calcium content. Water content may be an important factor in differentiation of different plaques.

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Bian, Y. X., C. S. Zhao, N. Ma, J. Chen, and W. Y. Xu. "A~study of aerosol liquid water content based on hygroscopicity measurements at high relative humidity in the North China Plain." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 14, no. 3 (February 14, 2014): 4089–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-14-4089-2014.

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Abstract. Water can be a major component of an aerosol particle. Also water serves as a medium for aqueous-phase reactions in aerosols. In this study, a novel method is presented to calculate the aerosol liquid water content at high relative humidity based on measurements of aerosol hygroscopic growth factor, particle number size distribution and relative humidity in the Haze in China (HaChi) summer field campaign (July–August 2009) in the North China Plain. The aerosol liquid water content calculated using this method agreed well with that calculated using a thermodynamic equilibrium model (ISORROPIA II) at high relative humidity (>60 %) with a correlation coefficient of 0.9658. At low relative humidity (<60%), an underestimation was found in the calculated aerosol liquid water content by the thermodynamic equilibrium model. This discrepancy mainly resulted from the ISORROPIA II model, which only considered limited aerosol chemical compositions. The mean and maximum values of aerosol liquid water content during the HaChi campaign reached 1.69 × 10−4; g m−3 and 9.71 × 10−4; g m−3, respectively. A distinct diurnal variation of the aerosol liquid water content was found, with lower values during daytime and higher ones at night. The aerosol liquid water content depended strongly on the relative humidity. The aerosol liquid water content in the accumulation mode dominated the total aerosol liquid water content.

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Engelhart, G. J., L. Hildebrandt, E. Kostenidou, N. Mihalopoulos, N. M. Donahue, and S. N. Pandis. "Water content of aged aerosol." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 10, no. 9 (September 14, 2010): 21653–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-10-21653-2010.

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Abstract. The composition and physical properties of aged atmospheric aerosol were characterized at a remote sampling site on the northern coast of Crete, Greece induring the Finokalia Aerosol Measurement Experiment in May 2008 (FAME-2008). A reduced Dry-Ambient Aerosol Size Spectrometer (DAASS) was deployed to measure the aerosol water content and volumetric growth factor of fine particulate matter. The particles remained wet even at relative humidity (RH) as low as 20%. The aerosol was acidic during most of the measurement period, which likely contributed to the water uptake at low RH. The water content observations were compared to the thermodynamic model E-AIM, neglecting any contribution of the organics to aerosol water content. There was good agreement between the water measurements and the model predictions. Adding the small amount of water associated with the organic aerosol based on monoterpene water absorption did not change the quality of the agreement. These results strongly suggest that the water uptake by aged organic aerosol is relatively small (a few percent of the total water for the conditions of FAME-08) and generally consistent with what has been observed in laboratory experiments. The Q-AMS water concentration was well correlated with the DAASS measurements and in good agreement with the predicted values for the RH of the Q-AMS inlet. This suggests, that at least for the conditions of the study, the Q-AMS can provide valuable information about the aerosol water concentrations if the sample is not dried.

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Bian, Y. X., C. S. Zhao, N. Ma, J. Chen, and W. Y. Xu. "A study of aerosol liquid water content based on hygroscopicity measurements at high relative humidity in the North China Plain." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 14, no. 12 (June 26, 2014): 6417–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-6417-2014.

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Abstract. Water can be a major component of aerosol particles, also serving as a medium for aqueous-phase reactions. In this study, a novel method is presented to calculate the aerosol liquid water content at high relative humidity based on measurements of aerosol hygroscopic growth factor, particle number size distribution and relative humidity in the Haze in China (HaChi) summer field campaign (July–August 2009) in the North China Plain. The aerosol liquid water content calculated using this method agreed well with that calculated using a thermodynamic equilibrium model (ISORROPIA II) at high relative humidity (>60%) with a correlation coefficient of 0.96. At low relative humidity (<60%), an underestimation was found in the calculated aerosol liquid water content by the thermodynamic equilibrium model. This discrepancy mainly resulted from the ISORROPIA II model, which only considered limited aerosol chemical compositions. The mean and maximum values of aerosol liquid water content during the HaChi campaign reached 1.69 × 10−4 g m−3 and 9.71 × 10−4 g m−3, respectively. A distinct diurnal variation of the aerosol liquid water content was found, with lower values during daytime and higher ones at night. The aerosol liquid water content depended strongly on the relative humidity. The aerosol liquid water content in the accumulation mode dominated the total aerosol liquid water content.

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Ansorena, María Roberta, María Victoria Agüero, María Grabriela Goñi, Sara Roura, Alejandra Ponce, María del Rosario Moreira, and Karina Di Scala. "Assessment of lettuce quality during storage at low relative humidity using Global Stability Index methodology." Food Science and Technology 32, no. 2 (April 17, 2012): 366–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0101-20612012005000043.

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During postharvest, lettuce is usually exposed to adverse conditions (e.g. low relative humidity) that reduce the vegetable quality. In order to evaluate its shelf life, a great number of quality attributes must be analyzed, which requires careful experimental design, and it is time consuming. In this study, the modified Global Stability Index method was applied to estimate the quality of butter lettuce at low relative humidity during storage discriminating three lettuce zones (internal, middle, and external). The results indicated that the most relevant attributes were: the external zone - relative water content, water content , ascorbic acid, and total mesophilic counts; middle zone - relative water content, water content, total chlorophyll, and ascorbic acid; internal zone - relative water content, bound water, water content, and total mesophilic counts. A mathematical model that takes into account the Global Stability Index and overall visual quality for each lettuce zone was proposed. Moreover, the Weibull distribution was applied to estimate the maximum vegetable storage time which was 5, 4, and 3 days for the internal, middle, and external zone, respectively. When analyzing the effect of storage time for each lettuce zone, all the indices evaluated in the external zone of lettuce presented significant differences (p < 0.05). For both, internal and middle zones, the attributes presented significant differences (p < 0.05), except for water content and total chlorophyll.

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Engelhart, G. J., L. Hildebrandt, E. Kostenidou, N. Mihalopoulos, N. M. Donahue, and S. N. Pandis. "Water content of aged aerosol." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 11, no. 3 (February 1, 2011): 911–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-911-2011.

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Abstract. The composition and physical properties of aged atmospheric aerosol were characterized at a remote sampling site on the northern coast of Crete, Greece during the Finokalia Aerosol Measurement Experiment in May 2008 (FAME-2008). A reduced Dry-Ambient Aerosol Size Spectrometer (DAASS) was deployed to measure the aerosol water content and volumetric growth factor of fine particulate matter. The particles remained wet even at relative humidity (RH) as low as 20%. The aerosol was acidic during most of the measurement campaign, which likely contributed to the water uptake at low RH. The water content observations were compared to the thermodynamic model E-AIM, neglecting any contribution of the organics to aerosol water content. There was good agreement between the water measurements and the model predictions. Adding the small amount of water associated with the organic aerosol based on monoterpene water absorption did not change the quality of the agreement. These results strongly suggest that the water uptake by aged organic aerosol is relatively small (a few percent of the total water for the conditions during FAME-08) and generally consistent with what has been observed in laboratory experiments. The water concentration measured by a Q-AMS was well correlated with the DAASS measurements and in good agreement with the predicted values for the RH of the Q-AMS inlet. This suggests that, at least for the conditions of the study, the Q-AMS can provide valuable information about the aerosol water concentrations if the sample is not dried.

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Chowdhury, JA, MA Karim, QA Khaliq, MSA Khan, SK Paul, and AU Ahmed. "Midday Drop of Relative Leaf Water Content to Drought Tolerance in Soybean." Bangladesh Agronomy Journal 18, no. 2 (July 25, 2016): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/baj.v18i2.28901.

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An experiment was conducted in a Venylhouse of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University during September to December 2012 to determine the effect of midday drop of relative water content (RWC) on drought tolerance of soybean genotypes. Four soybean genotypes viz. Shohag, BARI Soybean-6, BD2331 and BGM2026 were used in the study. Plants were grown in pots under stress and control condition. A marked difference in RWC between morning and midday was observed both in stressed and control plants. BARI Soybean-6 showed higher RWC than rest of the genotypes and BGM2026 showed the lowest at all growth stages. The reduced RWC of BARI Soybean-6 under water stress at vegetative, flowering and pod developing stages were 11.35, 13.52 and 15.04% at 1.00 PM as compared to control, respectively. The reduced RWC of BGM2026 at vegetative, flowering and pod developing stages were 18.99, 20.64 and 23.05% at 1.00 PM, respectively. In stressed plants, midday drop of relative water content was minimal in BARI Soybean-6 (8.97%) and maximum in BGM2026 (17.89%) at 1.00 PM. Under water stress condition BARI Soybean-6 gave the highest seed yield (5.23 g plant-1) and BGM2026 the lowest (3.21 g plant-1) which might be attributed to the drastic reduction in 100-seed weight of RWC in the variety BGM2026 due to the significant reduction in RWC in this variety. Considering the midday drop of RWC and seed yield, it may be concluded that BGM2026 is susceptible and BARI Soybean-6 is drought tolerant among the genotypes.Bangladesh Agron. J. 2015, 18(2): 31-38

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Choi, Jong-Hyuk, Eung-Suk Cha, and Bok-Hee Lee. "Frequency-Dependent Resistivity and Relative Dielectric Constant of Soil on Water Content." Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers 24, no. 1 (January 31, 2010): 98–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.5207/jieie.2010.24.1.098.

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Graham, Simon J., and Michael J. Bronskill. "MR measurement of relative water content and multicomponentT2 relaxation in human breast." Magnetic Resonance in Medicine 35, no. 5 (May 1996): 706–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrm.1910350512.

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Volkmar, K. M. "Water Stressed Nodal Roots of Wheat: Effects on Leaf Growth." Functional Plant Biology 24, no. 1 (1997): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pp96063.

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This experiment as undertaken to determine the efects of soil drying around the nodal and/or seminal root systems on the shoot growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Two split-root experiments were conducted, the first on newly emerged nodal roots of 18-day-old wheat plants, the second on 25-day-old plants. In both experiments, nodal and seminal roots were isolated from one another and water was withheld from either the nodal root chamber, the seminal root chamber, or both, over 6 days. In the first experiment, leaf growth was unaffected by withholding water from very short nodal roots, even though leaf relative water content of the droughted plants decreased. By comparison, both leaf elongation rate and relative water content decreased by withholding water from the seminal roots. On plants that were 1 week older, leaf growth rate and leaf relative water content decreased when nodal roots were drought-stressed. Leaf growth rate of seminal root droughted plants was more impaired than their nodal root counterparts, even though leaf relative water contents of the two treatments were the same. In both experiments, drought stress applied to the nodal root system enhanced nodal root growth more than seminal roots. These results suggest that seminal and nodal roots perceive and respond to drought stress differently with respect to the nature of the message conveyed to the shoots.

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Jolly, W. Matt, Ann M. Hadlow, and Kathleen Huguet. "De-coupling seasonal changes in water content and dry matter to predict live conifer foliar moisture content." International Journal of Wildland Fire 23, no. 4 (2014): 480. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf13127.

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Live foliar moisture content (LFMC) significantly influences wildland fire behaviour. However, characterising variations in LFMC is difficult because both foliar mass and dry mass can change throughout the season. Here we quantify the seasonal changes in both plant water status and dry matter partitioning. We collected new and old foliar samples from Pinus contorta for two growing seasons and quantified their LFMC, relative water content (RWC) and dry matter chemistry. LFMC quantifies the amount of water per unit fuel dry weight whereas RWC quantifies the amount of water in the fuel relative to how much water the fuel can hold at saturation. RWC is generally a better indicator of water stress than is LFMC. We separated water mass from dry mass for each sample and we attempted to best explain the seasonal variations in each using our measured physiochemical variables. We found that RWC explained 59% of variation in foliar water mass. Additionally, foliar starch, sugar and crude fat content explained 87% of the variation in seasonal dry mass changes. These two models combined explained 85% of the seasonal variations in LFMC. These results demonstrate that changes to dry matter exert a stronger control on seasonal LFMC dynamics than actual changes in water content, and they challenge the assumption that LFMC variations are strongly related to water stress. This methodology could be applied across a range of plant functional types to better understand the factors that drive seasonal changes in LFMC and live fuel flammability.

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POURMOHAMMAD, Azam, Mahmoud TOORCHI, Seyed S. ALAVIKIA, and Mohammad R. SHAKIBA. "Genetic Analysis of Yield and Physiological Traits in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) under Irrigation and Drought Stress." Notulae Scientia Biologicae 6, no. 2 (June 10, 2014): 207–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nsb629173.

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Implementing appropriate breeding strategies for sunflower, alongside dependable information on heritability and gene effects upon yield and related traits under drought conditions, are all necessary. Thirty sunflower hybrids were produced by line × tester cross of six male-sterile and five restorer lines. Their hybrids were evaluated in three levels of irrigation, as follows: (1) non-stressed plots, irrigated at regular intervals (W1); (2) mild water stress (W2), irrigated from the beginning of the button stage (R4) to seed filling initiation (R6); (3) severe water stress (W3) started from the beginning of button stage (R4) to physiological maturity. Based on observations and specific methods for determination, canopy temperatures, chlorophyll index, relative water content and proline content, were studied by additive effects, under the different irrigation conditions. Canopy temperatures,chlorophyll index, relative water content, leaf water potential, proline content and yield were controlled by additive effects under mild stressed conditions. Under severe stress conditions however, canopy temperatures, leaf water potential and proline content were controlled by additive effects, while chlorophyll index and relative water content were controlled by both additive and dominant effects, as seed yield was mainly influenced by the dominant effects. The narrow sense heritability ranged from 47-97% for all traits, except for chlorophyll fluorescence. Yield correlated positively with chlorophyll index and relative water content, and negatively with canopy temperature and leaf water potential. Therefore, under drought stressed conditions in breeding programs, canopy temperatures, chlorophyll index and relative water content can be reliable criteria for the selection of tolerant genotypes with prospect to higher yields.

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TEULAT, B., P. MONNEVEUX, J. WERY, C. BORRIES, I. SOUYRIS, A. CHARRIER, and D. THIS. "Relationships between relative water content and growth parameters under water stress in barley: a QTL study." New Phytologist 137, no. 1 (September 1997): 99–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-8137.1997.00815.x.

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Lafitte, R. "Relationship between leaf relative water content during reproductive stage water deficit and grain formation in rice." Field Crops Research 76, no. 2-3 (July 2002): 165–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-4290(02)00037-0.

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Hadda Mebarki, Ouassila Ziane, Hadjer Merbah, and Hamenna Bouzerzour. "Assessment of flag leaf water status as drought tolerance discriminating trait in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum var durum L.)." Magna Scientia Advanced Research and Reviews 2, no. 1 (May 30, 2021): 016–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/msarr.2021.2.1.0026.

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Drought is a prominent limiting factor that impacts negatively durum wheat grain yield. Ten durum wheat breeding lines were evaluated under rainfall conditions at the Field Crop Institute Agricultural Experimental Station of Setif, Algeria, during the 2016/2017 cropping season. The investigation aimed to study the ability of flag leaf water status to discriminate among varieties for drought tolerance trait. Significant variability was observed among the tested varieties for leaf dry, wilted and turgid weights, leaf relative water content, water saturation deficit and excised water loss, after three wilting periods of 30, 60 and 90 minutes dehydration at 40°C. The assessed breeding lines were differentially categorized as drought tolerant and drought sensitive based on either relative water content or water saturation deficit or excised leaf water loss genotypic mean values. Correlation, principal components and cluster analyses indicated an unwanted significant association between excised leaf water loss and relative water content and water saturation deficit and classified the assessed entries into three clusters (CI, C2 and C3). Cluster C1 had high relative water content, low water saturation deficit but high excised water loss, while C3 had low relative water content, low excised leaf water but high-water saturation deficit, C2 being intermediate. Crosses between distant clusters (C1 vs C3) are proposed to generate more variability of the targeted traits in progeny population and to break undesirable linkage between alleles controlling leaf water status, allowing to select efficiently drought tolerant genotypes.

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WANG, G. Y., X. B. ZHOU, and Y. H. CHEN. "Planting pattern and irrigation effects on water status of winter wheat." Journal of Agricultural Science 154, no. 8 (January 21, 2016): 1362–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859615001197.

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SUMMARYThe effects of planting pattern and irrigation on the soil water content, stomatal conductance, leaf relative water content, leaf water potential and leaf water use efficiency of winter wheat were investigated in North China during the 2008/09 and 2009/10 growing seasons. A field experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design that consisted of three planting patterns: (i) a uniform row spacing of 25 cm, and alternating wide–narrow row spacing of 40 and 20 cm tested as (ii) flat and (iii) furrow–ridge seedbeds. In addition, irrigation treatments of 90, 135 and 180 mm were used. The planting pattern, irrigation treatments and interactions between them significantly affected soil water content, stomatal conductance, leaf relative water content, leaf water potential and leaf water use efficiency. The soil water content, stomatal conductance, leaf relative water content, leaf water potential, grains/spike, thousand grain weight, leaf water use efficiency and yield were highest in the furrow–ridge seedbed planting pattern and increased with increasing irrigation (except for the leaf water use efficiency). The leaf water use efficiency in the 135 mm irrigation treatment was significantly greater than in the other treatments. In addition, soil water content, stomatal conductance, leaf relative water content, leaf water potential, grains/spike and thousand grain weight were positively correlated with leaf water use efficiency and yield of winter wheat. The interaction between the furrow–ridge seedbed planting pattern and 135 mm irrigation increased soil water content, leaf water indices, grains/spike, thousand grain weight, leaf water use efficiency and yield. These results indicated that a beneficial response occurred for wheat yield. The furrow–ridge seedbed planting pattern combined with 135 mm of irrigation improved the soil and leaf water status and could increase wheat yield while using less water.

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Geneve, R. L., S. T. Kester, and J. W. Buxton. "Capillary Mats Alter the Water Content in Medium during Mist Propagation of Dendranthema." HortScience 39, no. 3 (June 2004): 584–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.3.584.

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A capillary mat-mist system was developed to provide near constant media water contents at differing quantities of mist. Media water contents were reduced by increasing the capillary mat height above a constant water table maintained at bench level. Increased tensions from 0 to 10 cm above the water table reduced water content in Oasis, rockwool, and peat-perlite by 35.4%, 27.6%, and 17.4%, respectively. There was no difference in water content for each medium when the mist quantity ranged between 600 and 1800 mL·m-2·h-1, except when the capillary mat was at 9 cm above the water table and mist volume was 300 mL·m-2·h-1. Chrysanthemum cuttings rooted best when water content was highest regardless of media. Using the peat-perlite medium, water content had the greatest impact on rooting when the mist volume was low (600 mL·m-2·h-1). Relative water content of cuttings was lowest during the first 5 days of sticking and both reduced media water content and mist quantity resulted in the lowest internal water status for the cuttings.

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Nurkertamanda, Denny, Mohammad Habiel Baihaqi, and Yusuf Widharto. "Experimental Design Factorial Parameters of Honey Water Content Levels to Improve Honey Processing Productivity." LOGIC : Jurnal Rancang Bangun dan Teknologi 22, no. 3 (November 30, 2022): 234–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.31940/logic.v22i3.234-243.

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In producing honey products, must meet all SNI quality standards (8665:2018), one of which is honey water content of less than 22%. Honey from farmers has a moisture content of more than 22% so the water content must be reduced. On of the technique that use in a company to meet those standard uses a dehumidification system combined with air conditioning and a honey rain device. With the current machine configuration, the required honey moisture reduction process time is 11 days. This study focuses on finding a combination of degrees Celsius temperature factor and relative humidity percentage factor that results in the optimal rate of reduction in water content. The results showed that temperature and relative humidity each had an effect on the rate of decrease in the water content of honey and no interaction effect was found between the factors of temperature and relative humidity on the rate of decrease in the water content of honey. The combination of selected temperature and relative humidity factors, namely 27℃ and 40%, in the most optimal rate of decrease in water content with an average of 0.416667% per hour. When compared with the combination of temperature and relative humidity in the company, namely 30°C and 60%, the selected treatment combination can reduce the processing time for reducing the honey moisture content and increases productivity by 50%.

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Shaw, David R., and Glen P. Murphy. "Adsorption and relative mobility of flumetsulam." Weed Science 45, no. 4 (August 1997): 573–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043174500088846.

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Laboratory studies were conducted to evaluate flumetsulam adsorption and mobility in seven Mississippi soils of different organic matter content, pH, and texture. Adsorption isotherms were determined for all soils using a 1:1 (soil: water) technique. In six of seven soils, Freundlichnconstants were close to unity, suggesting a partitioning-like adsorption mechanism for flumetsulam. Mobility was examined using packed soil columns.14C-flumetsulam recoveries in leachate ranged from 1 to 70% and were influenced by both organic matter content and soil pH. However, the effects of organic matter content and soil pH were not independent. Consequently, clear relationships between flumetsulam mobility and either organic matter content or soil pH were not established across all soils. However, among soils of similar pH (7.5 ± 0.3), mobility decreased linearly (R2= 0.75) as organic matter content increased from 0.7 to 3.6%. Across soils with similar organic matter content (3.9 ± 0.3%), mobility increased linearly (R2= 0.98) as soil pH increased from 5.3 to 7.2. Net adsorption constants (Kd) provided a more accurate assessment of flumetsulam mobility across all soils thanKoc.

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Creus, Cecilia M., Rolando J. Sueldo, and Carlos A. Barassi. "Water relations and yield inAzospirillum-inoculated wheat exposed to drought in the field." Canadian Journal of Botany 82, no. 2 (February 1, 2004): 273–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b03-119.

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There are scarce data connecting water relations in Azospirillum-inoculated wheat suffering drought during anthesis with the yield and mineral content of grains. Azospirillum brasilense Sp245-inoculated seeds of Triticum aestivum 'Pro INTA Oasis' were sown in nonirrigated and control plots. Water potential, water content, and relative water content were determined on flag leaves. Plant water status was calculated from pressurevolume curves. At maturity, grain yield and its components were determined. P, Ca, Mg, K, Fe, Cu, and Zn were determined in dried grains. Even though the cultivar underwent osmotic adjustment, significantly higher water content, relative water content, water potential, apoplastic water fraction, and lower cell wall modulus of elasticity values were obtained in Azospirillum-inoculated plants suffering drought. Grain yield loss to drought was 26.5% and 14.1% in noninoculated and Azospirillum-inoculated plants, respectively. Grain Mg and K diminished in nonirrigated, noninoculated plots. However, grains harvested from Azospirillum-inoculated plants had significantly higher Mg, K, and Ca than noninoculated plants. Neither drought nor inoculation changed grain P, Cu, Fe, and Zn contents. A better water status and an additional "elastic adjustment" in Azospirillum-inoculated wheat plants could be crucial in promoting higher grain yield and mineral quality at harvest, particularly when drought strikes during anthesis.Key words: Azospirillum, wheat, drought, pressurevolume curves, yield, mineral content.

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Sá, Nathália de Oliveira, Gustavo Soares Wenneck, Reni Saath, Gabriela Cristina Ghuidotti, and Giovanna Gabriela Ferreira de Oliveira. "Water content in peanut seeds according to conditions of the storage environment." Colloquim Agrariae 17, no. 5 (October 28, 2021): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5747/ca.2021.v17.n5.a462.

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The conditions of the storage environment can influence the quality of seeds or grains in relation to commercial quality, deterioration and nutritional characteristics, mainly as a function of temperature and relative humidity. The objective of this study was to analyze the influence of temperature and relative humidity of storage on the water content of peanut seeds. The experiment was developed in a completely randomized design in factorial scheme 5 x 9, with five temperatures (5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 °C) and nine conditions of relative humidity, each condition had nine repetitions. The seeds were stored in airtight packaging with saturated solutions to maintain a constant condition. The water content in the seeds was evaluated in each condition. The data were subjected to analysis of variance, correlation, regression, multivariate analysis and adjustment with mathematical models. Relative humidity was more expressive in changing the equilibrium water content. The Chung-Pfost model was the most suitable to represent the sorption process in peanut seeds.

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Kumar, Mukesh. "Response of Irrigation Frequency and Nitrogen Levels on Relative Water Content, Canopy Temperature, Water Potential and Chlorophyll Content of Late Sown Wheat." International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience 5, no. 2 (May 20, 2017): 173–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.2580.

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ROSADO, BRUNO H. P., EDUARDO A. DE MATTOS, and LEONEL DA S. L. STERNBERG. "Are leaf physiological traits related to leaf water isotopic enrichment in restinga woody species?" Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 85, no. 3 (September 2013): 1035–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0001-37652013005000051.

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During plant-transpiration, water molecules having the lighter stable isotopes of oxygen and hydrogen evaporate and diffuse at a faster rate through the stomata than molecules having the heavier isotopes, which cause isotopic enrichment of leaf water. Although previous models have assumed that leaf water is well-mixed and isotopically uniform, non-uniform stomatal closure, promoting different enrichments between cells, and different pools of water within leaves, due to morpho-physiological traits, might lead to inaccuracies in isotopic models predicting leaf water enrichment. We evaluate the role of leaf morpho-physiological traits on leaf water isotopic enrichment in woody species occurring in a coastal vegetation of Brazil known as restinga. Hydrogen and oxygen stable isotope values of soil, plant stem and leaf water and leaf traits were measured in six species from restinga vegetation during a drought and a wet period. Leaf water isotopic enrichment relative to stem water was more homogeneous among species during the drought in contrast to the wet period suggesting convergent responses to deal to temporal heterogeneity in water availability. Average leaf water isotopic enrichment relative to stem water during the drought period was highly correlated with relative apoplastic water content. We discuss this observation in the context of current models of leaf water isotopic enrichment as a function of the Péclet effect. We suggest that future studies should include relative apoplastic water content in isotopic models.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Relative water content'

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