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Journal articles on the topic 'Relativity's time dilation'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

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1

Austin, Rickey W. "Gravitational Time Dilation Derived from Special Relativity and Newtonian Gravitational Potential." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 13, no. 3 (2017): 447. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2017.v13n3p447.

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Einstein was known for often presenting "gedanken" or thought experiments (Miller, 1999). This paper is such an exercise. Time dilation in Special Relativity is based on the derived value of γ (a scalar value) (Einstein, 1905). γ will be calculated as a function of relativistic kinetic energy, allowing time dilation to become a function of relativistic kinetic energy. With the new methodology constructed, a "gedanken” experiment is considered. Can a time dilation function be derived, using Newtonian gravitational potential energy in the same manor kinetic energy was used in Special Relativity?

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2

Lokde Bhushan Gawai, Milind. "Relativity without Formulae - Using Time Traveler's Perspective to Make Time Dilation Calculation Easy and Fun." International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) 12, no. 4 (2023): 365–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.21275/sr23405045444.

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3

D Rathod, Hasmukh. "Rethinking Time Dilation: Unveiling the Nuances of Special Relativity Through Clock Placement." International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) 13, no. 3 (2024): 901–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.21275/sr24313054950.

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4

Brahmacari, Srivas Krishna Das. "Temporal Relativity in Vedic Literature: An Interdisciplinary Analysis of Time Dilation Narratives." International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews 6, no. 3 (2025): 2008–19. https://doi.org/10.55248/gengpi.6.0325.1166.

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5

Gharat, Sarvesh Vikas. "Relativity and Time Dilation." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 7, no. 11 (2019): 650–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2019.11103.

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6

Xinghong, Wang. "A DISCUSSION ABOUT TIME DILATION BASED ON SPECIAL RELATIVITY." International Journal of Scientific Research and Modern Education (IJSRME) 6, no. 1 (2021): 8–10. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4618575.

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This article discusses time dilation based on special relativity. An experiment is designed to examine time dilation effects deduced from special relativity. This experiment is similar to but different from the famous “twin paradox” because this experiment doesn’t involve any accelerating process, or decelerating process, or change of travelling directions. Impossible results of the experiment are deduced by using special relativity. Thus it can be concluded that the theory of relativity (special relativity) is incorrect.

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Gift, Stephan J. G. "Time dilation in the GPS invalidates the relativity principle." Physics Essays 33, no. 3 (2020): 302–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4006/0836-1398-33.3.302.

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Asymmetrical time dilation in the Global Positioning System (GPS) invalidates the relativity principle of special relativity since it confirms the existence of a preferred frame that is prohibited by the principle. It also contradicts symmetrical time dilation predicted by special relativity.

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8

Wajda, Tadeusz. "Dilation of Time Dilation." Applied Physics Research 9, no. 6 (2017): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/apr.v9n6p67.

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The study addresses the issue of the so-called time dilation in the sense of the origin of its creation and the physical existence.Based on the work of Lorentz, who the lack of displacement of interference fringes in the Michelson interferometer explained wrongly with, shortening one arm of the interferometer, I propose the construction of the light pulse clock, in which to measure the rate of the passage of time is used constancy speed of light in vacuum.Light clock, the construction of which is described in the paper, stationary in relation to the ether, will measure constant time intervals.

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9

Arneth, Borros. "Hafele and Keating revisited: A novel interpretation of the results of the Hafele‐Keating experiment." Physics Essays 37, no. 2 (2024): 150–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4006/0836-1398-37.2.150.

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The Hafele‐Keating experiment showed the occurrence of time dilation in clocks placed on two airplanes, one moving eastward and one moving westward relative to the Earth’s rotation. However, the application of the special theory of relativity failed to account for the significant differences in the data. This problem is solved by a novel approach that focuses on the absolute velocities of the clocks with reference to the Earth’s rotation and uses space as a fixed reference point. The basic idea here is that time dilatation is an experimental fact and, therefore, independent from the theory beh

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10

Bacelar, Valente Mario. "The Flow of Time in the Theory of Relativity." Disputatio. Philosophical Research Bulletin 5, no. 6 (2016): 11–36. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4698975.

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According to Dennis Dieks, in the theory of relativity, the «flow of time» results from the succession of events along time-like worldlines.  We have a flow of time per worldline. This leads to a view of now as local to each worldline. In this approach there is no global temporal order of the now-points of different worldlines. For a consistency reason it is imposed a limitation on the assignment of different now-points. Here it is made the claim that this consistency requirement is inbuilt in the theory, and it is presented a detailed analysis of this approach.

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Bacelar, Valente Mario. "The Flow of Time in the Theory of Relativity." Disputatio. Philosophical Research Bulletin 5, no. 6 (2016): 11–36. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3551795.

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According to Dennis Dieks, in the theory of relativity, the «flow of time» results from the succession of events along time-like worldlines.  We have a flow of time per worldline. This leads to a view of now as local to each worldline. In this approach there is no global temporal order of the now-points of different worldlines. For a consistency reason it is imposed a limitation on the assignment of different now-points. Here it is made the claim that this consistency requirement is inbuilt in the theory, and it is presented a detailed analysis of this approach.

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12

Beal, Alasdair N. "Special relativity and time dilation: Einstein’s calculation errors." Physics Essays 38, no. 2 (2025): 112–13. https://doi.org/10.4006/0836-1398-38.2.112.

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In 1905, Einstein presented his Special Theory of Relativity and derived transformation equations from it, which he then used to calculate time dilation as τ = t√(1 − v2/c2). However, his calculation included inconsistent assumptions and failed to consider relevant equations from his relativity analysis. When these errors are corrected, the correct time dilation equation based on his theory is τ = t√(1 − v2/c2)/(1 + v/c). Therefore, if Einstein’s theoretical explanation for time dilation is correct, his equation for it is wrong, and slowing of a moving clock should be greater than he claimed.

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13

McGee, Ben Wright. "The Implications of Relativistic Time Dilation on the Nature of Physical Time: A Non-Newtonian Interpretation of Special Relativity." KronoScope 6, no. 2 (2006): 175–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156852406779751953.

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AbstractThe Theory of Relativity, in both the Special and General cases, possesses profound inferences concerning the nature of time as a physical component of universal structure, and not as either an abstract concept or a universal entropic progression as is commonly perceived. While the time-slowing observations of what is known as Relativistic "time dilation" are well documented, the temporal interpretations of such dilation effects were critically affected by a Newtonian view of universally invariant time. Consequently, the most sophisticated interpretations of time dilation were parasiti

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Ziefle, Reiner Georg. "Failure of Einstein's theory of relativity. II. Arguments of Einstein disproving his own theory of general relativity and absurd consequences of relativistic physics." Physics Essays 32, no. 4 (2019): 451–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4006/0836-1398-32.4.451.

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The theory of special and general relativity causes a “schizophrenic” dilemma in physics. It undeniably provides mathematically correct values, but it is undeniably epistemologically wrong in many respects. Including the relativistic explanation of the gravitational “time dilation” and the curvature of light beams at the surfaces of large masses, the author demonstrates the illogical character of relativistic physics. When one thinks the relativistic explanations of gravitational time dilatation and of the curvature of light rays by masses through to the end, they lead to absurd and contradict

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15

Xinghong, Wang. "A DISCUSSION ABOUT THE NATURE OF TIME." International Journal of Scientific Research and Modern Education (IJSRME) 7, no. 2 (2022): 4–7. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7079721.

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This article discusses the nature of time. The great Einstein once said: “time is an illusion”. This article humbly says: time is not an illusion, time is an impression. Time is actually a parameter used to describe the relative rate change of the universe. Detailed discussion shows what time dilations actually indicate if time dilations really exist. This article also discusses Einstein's elevator experiment.

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16

李, 大庆. "Analysis on time and time dilation in special relativity." HANS Publication PrePrints 03, no. 01 (2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/hanspreprints.2018.31011.

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17

GWINNER, GERALD. "EXPERIMENTAL TESTS OF TIME DILATION IN SPECIAL RELATIVITY." Modern Physics Letters A 20, no. 11 (2005): 791–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732305017202.

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A review of experimental tests of time dilation in special relativity is given, with an emphasis on the recent heavy-ion storage-ring work, currently the most sensitive method. The experimental results are evaluated in the context of the kinematic test theories of Robertson and Mansouri and Sexl, which assume the existence of a preferred inertial reference frame. Prospects for future improvements and the sensitivity of time dilation experiments to Lorentz and CPT violating extensions of the standard model are discussed.

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18

Russo, Ivan, Giuseppe Iuele, and Elmo Benedetto. "Gravitational time dilation in a high school lesson." Physics Education 59, no. 6 (2024): 063001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6552/ad7088.

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Abstract In almost all countries, the Ministry of Public Education has introduced the topics of special and general relativity into the high school curriculum. For example, in Italy the teaching of so-called modern physics (quantum mechanics and relativity) was introduced in the last year of high school. The students are approximately 18 years old and, although the arguments are addressed in an introductory and qualitative way, they are also a topic for the final exam. Einstein’s theory fascinates young students, but it is not always easy to explain the revolutionary effects it predicts. For t

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19

de Abreu, Rodrigo. "THE ASTONISHING CONFLICT OF TIME DILATION WITHIN RELATIVITY." Hadronic Journal 47, no. 3 (2024): 275–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.29083/hj.47.03.2024/sc275.

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20

Kenny, Peter. "Time dilation in special relativity: an alternative derivation." Physics Education 41, no. 4 (2006): 334–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0031-9120/41/4/007.

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21

Iyer, Chandru, and G. M. Prabhu. "Time dilation and the equivalence of inertial frames." Physics Essays 36, no. 3 (2023): 277–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4006/0836-1398-36.3.277.

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It is well known that simultaneity within an inertial frame is defined in relativity theory by a convention or definition. This definition leads to different simultaneities across inertial frames and the well-known principle of relativity of simultaneity. The lack of a universal present implies the existence of past, present, and future as a collection of events on a four-dimensional manifold or continuum wherein three dimensions are space like and one dimension is time like. However, such a continuum precludes the possibility of evolution of future from the present as all events exist “foreve

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22

Watson, Christopher N. "Entropy scale factor could solve event horizon paradoxes." Physics Essays 38, no. 2 (2025): 145–48. https://doi.org/10.4006/0836-1398-38.2.145.

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The entropy scale factor (ESF) builds on work in emergent gravity to propose that gravity is due to entropy instead of the energy and momentum of general relativity. This theory proposes changes to the scale of space and time, which result in finite time dilation on the surface of black holes, contrasting with the infinite time dilation predicted by general relativity. The amount of time dilation on a Schwarzschild black hole's surface is inversely proportional to its radius, just like the Hawking temperature. Since time dilation is not infinite at the event horizon, black holes can absorb lig

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23

Favalli, Tommaso, and Augusto Smerzi. "Time Dilation of Quantum Clocks in a Relativistic Gravitational Potential." Entropy 27, no. 5 (2025): 489. https://doi.org/10.3390/e27050489.

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We study the dynamical evolution of two quantum clocks interacting with a relativistic gravitational potential. We find a time dilation effect for the clocks in agreement with the gravitational time dilation as obtained from the Schwarzschild solution in General Relativity. We perform our investigation via the Page and Wootters quantum-time formalism, exploring the dynamics of clocks assuming them in both a product state and a more general (entangled) state. The gravitational redshift, as emerging from our framework, is also proposed and discussed.

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24

dos Santos Godoi, Valdir Monteiro. "Simultaneity, Relativistic Time and Galileo Transformations." International Frontier Science Letters 3 (January 2015): 19–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ifsl.3.19.

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It is shown that the theory of Restrict Relativity it’s not free of contradictions, being one of them related to the relativity of simultaneity. Another contradiction occurs when we calculate the light speed in relation to a moving reference using the contraction of space and dilation of time, because it is verified that the speed of light depends on the speed of the referential. It is also shown that for slow speeds, but great distances, that Lorentz’s transformation for the time does not reduces itself to their Galileo transformation, subject not explore further on most books of scientific d

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25

Miodrag, Mateljević. "Lorentz Transformation and time dilatation." Annals of Mathematics and Physics 7, no. 1 (2024): 016–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.17352/amp.000104.

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We consider two inertial frames S and and suppose that frame moves, for simplicity, in a single direction: the X -direction of frame S with a constant velocity v as measured in frame S. Using homogeneity of space and time we derive a modified Lorentz Transformation (LT) between two inertial reference frames without using the second postulate of Einstein, i.e., we do not assume the invariant speed of light (in vacuum) under LT. Roughly speaking we suppose: (H) Any clock which is at rest in its frame measures a small increment of time by some factor s=s(v). As a corollary of relativity theory (H

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26

Jefimenko, Oleg D. "On the Experimental Proofs of Relativistic Length Contraction and Time Dilation." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 53, no. 12 (1998): 977–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-1998-1208.

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Abstract Recent advances in the theory of electromagnetic retardation have made it possible to derive the basic equations of the special relativity theory and to duplicate the most important practical results of this theory without using the concepts of relativistic length contraction and time dilation. Thus the reality of these concepts appears to be questionable. It is imperative therefore to reexamine the experimental evidence supporting these concepts. The calculations presented in this paper show that some of the experiments allegedly proving the reality of length contraction and time dil

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27

Baig, Mirza Wasif. "On the theory of time dilation in chemical kinetics." International Journal of Modern Physics B 31, no. 26 (2017): 1750177. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979217501776.

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The rates of chemical reactions are not absolute but their magnitude depends upon the relative speeds of the moving observers. This has been proved by unifying basic theories of chemical kinetics, which are transition state theory, collision theory, RRKM and Marcus theory, with the special theory of relativity. Boltzmann constant and energy spacing between permitted quantum levels of molecules are quantum mechanically proved to be Lorentz variant. The relativistic statistical thermodynamics has been developed to explain quasi-equilibrium existing between reactants and activated complex. The ne

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28

Iyer, Chandru. "The length contraction paradox." Physics Essays 37, no. 2 (2024): 169–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4006/0836-1398-37.2.169.

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Reciprocal length contraction and time dilation, as enshrined in the Lorentz transformation, are the bulwark of the special relativity theory. Reciprocal time dilation is typically discussed (in the context of its apparent contradiction) and usually explained away as the result of differing synchronization in inertial reference frames and the relativity of simultaneity. Further, it is generally suggested that time is an abstract concept, and its perceptions may differ with context. However, we suggest that regarding length measurements no such abstraction can be envisaged. In this manuscript,

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29

McLeod, T. S. "The Implications of Time Dilation Measurements on Special Relativity Theory." Physics Essays 11, no. 2 (1998): 187–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4006/1.3028771.

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30

Keilman, Yuri. "Special Relativity: Length Contraction, Time Dilation, and Rotating Coordinate Systems." Physics Essays 10, no. 3 (1997): 389–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4006/1.3036424.

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31

Rousseau, V. G. "Einstein’s cat: a thought experiment on the universality of time dilation." Physics Education 60, no. 5 (2025): 055014. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6552/adedf1.

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Abstract The universality of time dilation is sometimes misunderstood, with claims that it applies exclusively to light clocks and not to mechanical clocks or other material objects, including biological entities. This leads to incorrect interpretations of experiments like the Hafele–Keating experiment, which actually confirm relativistic effects through the use of atomic clocks. To address this issue, we propose a thought experiment, inspired by Schrödinger’s cat, involving a ‘Sync-or-Die clock’, a device that combines a light clock and a mechanical stopwatch, with the life of Einstein’s cat,

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32

Paczos, Jerzy, Kacper Dębski, Piotr T. Grochowski, Alexander R. H. Smith, and Andrzej Dragan. "Quantum time dilation in a gravitational field." Quantum 8 (May 7, 2024): 1338. http://dx.doi.org/10.22331/q-2024-05-07-1338.

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According to relativity, the reading of an ideal clock is interpreted as the elapsed proper time along its classical trajectory through spacetime. In contrast, quantum theory allows the association of many simultaneous trajectories with a single quantum clock, each weighted appropriately. Here, we investigate how the superposition principle affects the gravitational time dilation observed by a simple clock – a decaying two-level atom. Placing such an atom in a superposition of positions enables us to analyze a quantum contribution to a classical time dilation manifest in spontaneous emission.

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33

Kamel, Ayman, Abdelhalim Ebaid, Essam R. El-Zahar, Riadh Chteoui, and Laila F. Seddek. "Mathematical Physics of Time Dilation through Curved Trajectories with Applications." Mathematics 11, no. 10 (2023): 2402. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math11102402.

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In special relativity, the time dilation formula has been obtained by particles propagation in a straight line trajectory relative to an observer in motion. Up to now, there are no available formulas for other possible trajectories of particles. However, this paper obtains formulas of time dilation for several trajectories of particle such as parabolic, elliptic, and circular and finds a relatively accurate trajectory. The obtained formulas are employed in order to analyze the time dilation of the muon particles decay. In this paper, it is found that the time dilation of the parabolic and the

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34

Khandelwal, Shishir, Maximilian P. E. Lock, and Mischa P. Woods. "Universal quantum modifications to general relativistic time dilation in delocalised clocks." Quantum 4 (August 14, 2020): 309. http://dx.doi.org/10.22331/q-2020-08-14-309.

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The theory of relativity associates a proper time with each moving object via its world line. In quantum theory however, such well-defined trajectories are forbidden. After introducing a general characterisation of quantum clocks, we demonstrate that, in the weak-field, low-velocity limit, all ``good'' quantum clocks experience time dilation as dictated by general relativity when their state of motion is classical (i.e. Gaussian). For nonclassical states of motion, on the other hand, we find that quantum interference effects may give rise to a significant discrepancy between the proper time an

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35

Ziefle, Reiner Georg. "Contradiction in Einstein’s subjective explanation of the gravitational and kinematic time dilation." Physics Essays 35, no. 2 (2022): 181–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4006/0836-1398-35.2.181.

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Einstein’s special and general relativity are relics from before quantum physics. If forces are transmitted by quanta, this must also apply to gravity. As light consist of quanta, it is only logical that gravitational quanta interact with light. In my article “Cognitive bias in physics with respect to Einstein’s relativity, demonstrated by the famous experiment of Pound and Rebka (1960), which in reality refutes Einstein’s general relativity” [R. G. Ziefle, Phys. Essays 35, 91 (2022)], I could demonstrate that Einstein’s “proper time” t 0 does not refer to reference frames but to gravitational

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36

Creutz, Michael. "Four metrics." International Journal of Modern Physics D 29, no. 14 (2020): 2043005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271820430051.

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A central idea in general relativity is that physics should not depend on the spacetime coordinates in use [A. Einstein, The Meaning of Relativity (Princeton University Press, 1945)]. But the qualitative description of various phenomena can appear superficially quite different. Here, we consider falling into a classical black hole using four distinct but equivalent metrics. First is the Schwarzschild case, with extreme time dilation at the horizon. Second, rescaling the dilation allows falling into the hole in finite proper time. Third, time and space are rescaled into a Penrose motivated pict

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37

D’Abramo, Germano. "Non-Cosmological, Non-Doppler Relativistic Frequency Shift over Astronomical Distances." Dynamics 2, no. 3 (2022): 319–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/dynamics2030017.

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We investigate in detail an apparently unnoticed consequence of special relativity. It consists in time dilation/contraction and frequency shift for emitted light affecting accelerated reference frames at astronomical distances from an inertial observer. The frequency shift is non-cosmological and non-Doppler in nature. We derive the main formulae and compare their predictions with the astronomical data available for Proxima Centauri. We found no correspondence with observations. Since the implications of the new time dilation/contraction and frequency shift are blatantly paradoxical, we do no

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38

Bischoff van Heemskerck, Daniël. "A Lorentz variant theory that passes fundamental tests of special relativity and makes diverging, testable but as of yet untested predictions." F1000Research 12 (April 17, 2023): 407. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.129133.1.

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Background: Tests of special relativity have been conducted over the past century with increasing accuracy and none have showed violations of Lorentz invariance. In this paper we will examine whether these tests are together sufficient to rule out theories that violate observational symmetry. Methods: A variant theory is outlined where relativistic effects such as length contraction and time dilation are purely local consequences of the relative velocity between a system and its medium. The outlined theory is tested against the fundamental tests of special relativity. Results: It is found that

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Bischoff van Heemskerck, Daniël. "A Lorentz variant theory that passes fundamental tests of special relativity and makes diverging, testable but as of yet untested predictions." F1000Research 12 (February 13, 2024): 407. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.129133.2.

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Background Tests of special relativity have been conducted over the past century with increasing accuracy and none have showed violations of Lorentz invariance. In this paper we will examine whether these tests are together sufficient to rule out theories that violate observational symmetry. Methods A variant theory is outlined where relativistic effects such as length contraction and time dilation are purely local consequences of the relative velocity between a system and its medium. The outlined theory is tested against the fundamental tests of special relativity. Results It is found that al

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40

Listianingrum, Serly Anggraini, Jumadi Jumadi, and Rizki Zakwandi. "Physics Student Misconception: Relative Velocity, Time Dilatation, and Length Contraction." Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Fisika 6, no. 2 (2022): 386. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jipf.v6i2.5258.

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This study aims to analyze senior high school students' misconceptions on the relativity topics of relative velocity, time dilation, and length contraction. The qualitative descriptive method was used in this study to explain student misconceptions from the student, documents, and observations during problem-solving. Six students take an extra course in an independent learning center to participate in this study. The student was classified as two high, middle, and low levels. The data was collected from student reports, interviews, and observations. The results show a considerable misconceptio

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41

Self, Sydney Baldwin. "Measuring Time." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN PHYSICS 14, no. 1 (2018): 5296–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jap.v14i1.6971.

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 The speed of light is an absolute, the measurement of the speed of light is not an absolute. According to Special Relativity, the rate at which a clock ticks is a function of the speed at which it is travelling through space; the faster the speed, the slower the rate. This is called time dilation.   Time dilation is a function of the speed of an object through space. The faster an object is travelling the greater the time dilation.   Because of time dilation, we are unable to measure the absolute speed of an object through space. We do not

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42

Ziefle, Reiner Georg. "Einstein's relativity falsified: I. The factor γ can take values larger than √2, which requires a speed of light < c in moving inertial frames". Physics Essays 36, № 2 (2023): 230–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4006/0836-1398-36.2.230.

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Considering that an Einstein clock can travel at a speed no greater than c, from the principle of relativity, a kinematic time dilation factor can be derived whose value cannot be greater than <mml:math display="inline"> <mml:msqrt> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msqrt> </mml:math> . In fact, however, the kinematic time dilation factor γ can approach an infinite value. This discrepancy demonstrates that the derivation of the kinematic time dilation factor γ in Einstein's special relativity (SR) cannot be physically justified by the principle of relativity, and tha

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43

Kumar Dhiman, Devinder. "A Study of Redundancy of Time Dilation in Theory of Relativity." Indian Journal of Science and Technology 10, no. 43 (2017): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.17485/ijst/2017/v10i43/109171.

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Fernandes, José Luís Pereira Rebelo. "THE ORIGIN OF A NEW RELATIVITY, ALSO SUPPORTED BY THE NO SENSE OF EINSTEIN’S PRINCIPLES OF RELATIVITY." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 9, no. 4 (2021): 601–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v9.i4.2021.3890.

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Based on the analysis of “The contraction of time under the action of a gravi- tational field, in different references at rest”, we conclude that space does not contract. In view of the result obtained, we were obliged to analyze the found- ing principles of Einstein’s theory of relativity, the dilation of time and the con- traction of space, the two principles, structural pillars of the whole theory of relativity. We found problems in the model regarding the relativity of time in the direc- tion of displacement. It is proposed for the calculation of time in the stopped frame the contraction o

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Golden, Sidney. "Non-Kinematicity of the Dilation-of-time Relation of Einstein for Time-intervals." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 55, no. 6-7 (2000): 563–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-2000-6-701.

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Abstract Light-pulses that are reflected recurrently to one another by two kinematically equivalent dynamically identical inertial systems moving collinearly and irrotationally with uniform relative velocity generate sequences of contiguous time-intervals in both. By means of clocks stationed in the two systems, each time-interval is both measurable locally and calculable non-locally in accord with basic requirements of special relativity theory. Their ratio yields the velocity dependent dilation-of-time relation of Einstein, but an equivalent spatially dependent version of it is obtained as w

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Szostek, Roman. "Explanation of What Time in Kinematics Is and Dispelling Myths Allegedly Stemming from the Special Theory of Relativity." Applied Sciences 12, no. 12 (2022): 6272. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12126272.

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One of the biggest unsolved problems in physics is explaining what time is. The paper explains what time is in kinematics theories. It has been proved that in the kinematics of Special Theory of Relativity (STR) and Special Theory of Ether (STE) time is measured by the light clock. Therefore, all properties of time in kinematics result from the properties of a signal clock. The paper explains the time dilation phenomenon on the basis of STE. The presented explanation is not only a classic description of time dilation but is based on the construction of an innovative technical model of this phe

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Field, J. H. "The Sagnac and Hafele–Keating experiments: Two keys to the understanding of space–time physics in the vicinity of the Earth." International Journal of Modern Physics A 34, no. 33 (2019): 1930014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x1930014x.

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The role of preferred frames for light propagation and time dilation in the region of a massive, spherical, gravitating bodies, where according to general relativity, space–time curvature is described by the Schwarzschild metric equation, is discussed in the context of the Sagnac effect (for light propagation) and the Hafele–Keating experiment (for time dilation). Predictions for both translational and rotational motion relative to the preferred frame are calculated up to order [Formula: see text]. Different published theoretical calculations of the Sagnac effect are critically reviewed. The c

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Yoshinari, Minami. "Time Dilation due to Curved Space - Why time is delayed when space curves by Gravity -." Journal of Scientific and Engineering Research 9, no. 3 (2022): 96–109. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10514047.

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<strong>Abstract </strong>In General Relativity, gravity changes the advance of time. Therefore, on a planet with a low gravitational potential, time advances more slowly than in outer space with a high gravitational potential. In this paper, since gravity curves space (space-time), it is shown that the curvature of space directly changes the advance of time, that is, the larger the curvature of space, the slower the time, and the delay of time. Since the radius of curvature is short, the advance of time is also small, resulting in a time delay. The mechanism of time delay due to the curved sp

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Friedman, Yaakov, and Esra Yudkin. "Testing Relativistic Time Dilation beyond the Weak-Field Post-Newtonian Approximation." Symmetry 12, no. 4 (2020): 500. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12040500.

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In General Relativity, the gravitational field of a spherically symmetric non-rotating body is described by the Schwarzschild metric. This metric is invariant under time reversal, which implies that the power series expansion of the time dilation contains only even powers of v / c . The weak-field post-Newtonian approximation defines the relativistic time dilation of order ϵ (or of order ( v / c ) 2 ) of the small parameter. The next non-zero term of the time dilation is expected to be of order ϵ 2 , which is impossible to measure with current technology. The new model presented here, called R

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Behroozi, Fred. "A Simple Derivation of Time Dilation and Length Contraction in Special Relativity." Physics Teacher 52, no. 7 (2014): 410–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.4895356.

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